xref: /openbmc/qemu/include/block/nbd.h (revision d36f7de8)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 2016-2017 Red Hat, Inc.
3  *  Copyright (C) 2005  Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
4  *
5  *  Network Block Device
6  *
7  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  *  the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
10  *
11  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
18  */
19 
20 #ifndef NBD_H
21 #define NBD_H
22 
23 #include "qapi/qapi-types-block.h"
24 #include "io/channel-socket.h"
25 #include "crypto/tlscreds.h"
26 
27 /* Handshake phase structs - this struct is passed on the wire */
28 
29 struct NBDOption {
30     uint64_t magic; /* NBD_OPTS_MAGIC */
31     uint32_t option; /* NBD_OPT_* */
32     uint32_t length;
33 } QEMU_PACKED;
34 typedef struct NBDOption NBDOption;
35 
36 struct NBDOptionReply {
37     uint64_t magic; /* NBD_REP_MAGIC */
38     uint32_t option; /* NBD_OPT_* */
39     uint32_t type; /* NBD_REP_* */
40     uint32_t length;
41 } QEMU_PACKED;
42 typedef struct NBDOptionReply NBDOptionReply;
43 
44 typedef struct NBDOptionReplyMetaContext {
45     NBDOptionReply h; /* h.type = NBD_REP_META_CONTEXT, h.length > 4 */
46     uint32_t context_id;
47     /* meta context name follows */
48 } QEMU_PACKED NBDOptionReplyMetaContext;
49 
50 /* Transmission phase structs
51  *
52  * Note: these are _NOT_ the same as the network representation of an NBD
53  * request and reply!
54  */
55 struct NBDRequest {
56     uint64_t handle;
57     uint64_t from;
58     uint32_t len;
59     uint16_t flags; /* NBD_CMD_FLAG_* */
60     uint16_t type; /* NBD_CMD_* */
61 };
62 typedef struct NBDRequest NBDRequest;
63 
64 typedef struct NBDSimpleReply {
65     uint32_t magic;  /* NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC */
66     uint32_t error;
67     uint64_t handle;
68 } QEMU_PACKED NBDSimpleReply;
69 
70 /* Header of all structured replies */
71 typedef struct NBDStructuredReplyChunk {
72     uint32_t magic;  /* NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC */
73     uint16_t flags;  /* combination of NBD_REPLY_FLAG_* */
74     uint16_t type;   /* NBD_REPLY_TYPE_* */
75     uint64_t handle; /* request handle */
76     uint32_t length; /* length of payload */
77 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredReplyChunk;
78 
79 typedef union NBDReply {
80     NBDSimpleReply simple;
81     NBDStructuredReplyChunk structured;
82     struct {
83         /* @magic and @handle fields have the same offset and size both in
84          * simple reply and structured reply chunk, so let them be accessible
85          * without ".simple." or ".structured." specification
86          */
87         uint32_t magic;
88         uint32_t _skip;
89         uint64_t handle;
90     } QEMU_PACKED;
91 } NBDReply;
92 
93 /* Header of chunk for NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA */
94 typedef struct NBDStructuredReadData {
95     NBDStructuredReplyChunk h; /* h.length >= 9 */
96     uint64_t offset;
97     /* At least one byte of data payload follows, calculated from h.length */
98 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredReadData;
99 
100 /* Complete chunk for NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE */
101 typedef struct NBDStructuredReadHole {
102     NBDStructuredReplyChunk h; /* h.length == 12 */
103     uint64_t offset;
104     uint32_t length;
105 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredReadHole;
106 
107 /* Header of all NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR* errors */
108 typedef struct NBDStructuredError {
109     NBDStructuredReplyChunk h; /* h.length >= 6 */
110     uint32_t error;
111     uint16_t message_length;
112 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredError;
113 
114 /* Header of NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
115 typedef struct NBDStructuredMeta {
116     NBDStructuredReplyChunk h; /* h.length >= 12 (at least one extent) */
117     uint32_t context_id;
118     /* extents follows */
119 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredMeta;
120 
121 /* Extent chunk for NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
122 typedef struct NBDExtent {
123     uint32_t length;
124     uint32_t flags; /* NBD_STATE_* */
125 } QEMU_PACKED NBDExtent;
126 
127 /* Transmission (export) flags: sent from server to client during handshake,
128    but describe what will happen during transmission */
129 #define NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS         (1 << 0) /* Flags are there */
130 #define NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY         (1 << 1) /* Device is read-only */
131 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH        (1 << 2) /* Send FLUSH */
132 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA          (1 << 3) /* Send FUA (Force Unit Access) */
133 #define NBD_FLAG_ROTATIONAL        (1 << 4) /* Use elevator algorithm -
134                                                rotational media */
135 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM         (1 << 5) /* Send TRIM (discard) */
136 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES (1 << 6) /* Send WRITE_ZEROES */
137 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF           (1 << 7) /* Send DF (Do not Fragment) */
138 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_CACHE        (1 << 8) /* Send CACHE (prefetch) */
139 
140 /* New-style handshake (global) flags, sent from server to client, and
141    control what will happen during handshake phase. */
142 #define NBD_FLAG_FIXED_NEWSTYLE   (1 << 0) /* Fixed newstyle protocol. */
143 #define NBD_FLAG_NO_ZEROES        (1 << 1) /* End handshake without zeroes. */
144 
145 /* New-style client flags, sent from client to server to control what happens
146    during handshake phase. */
147 #define NBD_FLAG_C_FIXED_NEWSTYLE (1 << 0) /* Fixed newstyle protocol. */
148 #define NBD_FLAG_C_NO_ZEROES      (1 << 1) /* End handshake without zeroes. */
149 
150 /* Option requests. */
151 #define NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME       (1)
152 #define NBD_OPT_ABORT             (2)
153 #define NBD_OPT_LIST              (3)
154 /* #define NBD_OPT_PEEK_EXPORT    (4) not in use */
155 #define NBD_OPT_STARTTLS          (5)
156 #define NBD_OPT_INFO              (6)
157 #define NBD_OPT_GO                (7)
158 #define NBD_OPT_STRUCTURED_REPLY  (8)
159 #define NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT (9)
160 #define NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT  (10)
161 
162 /* Option reply types. */
163 #define NBD_REP_ERR(value) ((UINT32_C(1) << 31) | (value))
164 
165 #define NBD_REP_ACK             (1)    /* Data sending finished. */
166 #define NBD_REP_SERVER          (2)    /* Export description. */
167 #define NBD_REP_INFO            (3)    /* NBD_OPT_INFO/GO. */
168 #define NBD_REP_META_CONTEXT    (4)    /* NBD_OPT_{LIST,SET}_META_CONTEXT */
169 
170 #define NBD_REP_ERR_UNSUP           NBD_REP_ERR(1)  /* Unknown option */
171 #define NBD_REP_ERR_POLICY          NBD_REP_ERR(2)  /* Server denied */
172 #define NBD_REP_ERR_INVALID         NBD_REP_ERR(3)  /* Invalid length */
173 #define NBD_REP_ERR_PLATFORM        NBD_REP_ERR(4)  /* Not compiled in */
174 #define NBD_REP_ERR_TLS_REQD        NBD_REP_ERR(5)  /* TLS required */
175 #define NBD_REP_ERR_UNKNOWN         NBD_REP_ERR(6)  /* Export unknown */
176 #define NBD_REP_ERR_SHUTDOWN        NBD_REP_ERR(7)  /* Server shutting down */
177 #define NBD_REP_ERR_BLOCK_SIZE_REQD NBD_REP_ERR(8)  /* Need INFO_BLOCK_SIZE */
178 
179 /* Info types, used during NBD_REP_INFO */
180 #define NBD_INFO_EXPORT         0
181 #define NBD_INFO_NAME           1
182 #define NBD_INFO_DESCRIPTION    2
183 #define NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE     3
184 
185 /* Request flags, sent from client to server during transmission phase */
186 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA        (1 << 0) /* 'force unit access' during write */
187 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_NO_HOLE    (1 << 1) /* don't punch hole on zero run */
188 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_DF         (1 << 2) /* don't fragment structured read */
189 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_REQ_ONE    (1 << 3) /* only one extent in BLOCK_STATUS
190                                           * reply chunk */
191 
192 /* Supported request types */
193 enum {
194     NBD_CMD_READ = 0,
195     NBD_CMD_WRITE = 1,
196     NBD_CMD_DISC = 2,
197     NBD_CMD_FLUSH = 3,
198     NBD_CMD_TRIM = 4,
199     NBD_CMD_CACHE = 5,
200     NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES = 6,
201     NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS = 7,
202 };
203 
204 #define NBD_DEFAULT_PORT	10809
205 
206 /* Maximum size of a single READ/WRITE data buffer */
207 #define NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE (32 * 1024 * 1024)
208 
209 /* Maximum size of an export name. The NBD spec requires 256 and
210  * suggests that servers support up to 4096, but we stick to only the
211  * required size so that we can stack-allocate the names, and because
212  * going larger would require an audit of more code to make sure we
213  * aren't overflowing some other buffer. */
214 #define NBD_MAX_NAME_SIZE 256
215 
216 /* Two types of reply structures */
217 #define NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC      0x67446698
218 #define NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC  0x668e33ef
219 
220 /* Structured reply flags */
221 #define NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE          (1 << 0) /* This reply-chunk is last */
222 
223 /* Structured reply types */
224 #define NBD_REPLY_ERR(value)         ((1 << 15) | (value))
225 
226 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE          0
227 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA   1
228 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE   2
229 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS  5
230 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR         NBD_REPLY_ERR(1)
231 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR_OFFSET  NBD_REPLY_ERR(2)
232 
233 /* Extent flags for base:allocation in NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
234 #define NBD_STATE_HOLE (1 << 0)
235 #define NBD_STATE_ZERO (1 << 1)
236 
237 /* Extent flags for qemu:dirty-bitmap in NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
238 #define NBD_STATE_DIRTY (1 << 0)
239 
240 static inline bool nbd_reply_type_is_error(int type)
241 {
242     return type & (1 << 15);
243 }
244 
245 /* NBD errors are based on errno numbers, so there is a 1:1 mapping,
246  * but only a limited set of errno values is specified in the protocol.
247  * Everything else is squashed to EINVAL.
248  */
249 #define NBD_SUCCESS    0
250 #define NBD_EPERM      1
251 #define NBD_EIO        5
252 #define NBD_ENOMEM     12
253 #define NBD_EINVAL     22
254 #define NBD_ENOSPC     28
255 #define NBD_EOVERFLOW  75
256 #define NBD_ESHUTDOWN  108
257 
258 /* Details collected by NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME and NBD_OPT_GO */
259 struct NBDExportInfo {
260     /* Set by client before nbd_receive_negotiate() */
261     bool request_sizes;
262     char *x_dirty_bitmap;
263 
264     /* In-out fields, set by client before nbd_receive_negotiate() and
265      * updated by server results during nbd_receive_negotiate() */
266     bool structured_reply;
267     bool base_allocation; /* base:allocation context for NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS */
268 
269     /* Set by server results during nbd_receive_negotiate() */
270     uint64_t size;
271     uint16_t flags;
272     uint32_t min_block;
273     uint32_t opt_block;
274     uint32_t max_block;
275 
276     uint32_t meta_base_allocation_id;
277 };
278 typedef struct NBDExportInfo NBDExportInfo;
279 
280 int nbd_receive_negotiate(QIOChannel *ioc, const char *name,
281                           QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds, const char *hostname,
282                           QIOChannel **outioc, NBDExportInfo *info,
283                           Error **errp);
284 int nbd_init(int fd, QIOChannelSocket *sioc, NBDExportInfo *info,
285              Error **errp);
286 int nbd_send_request(QIOChannel *ioc, NBDRequest *request);
287 int nbd_receive_reply(QIOChannel *ioc, NBDReply *reply, Error **errp);
288 int nbd_client(int fd);
289 int nbd_disconnect(int fd);
290 int nbd_errno_to_system_errno(int err);
291 
292 typedef struct NBDExport NBDExport;
293 typedef struct NBDClient NBDClient;
294 
295 NBDExport *nbd_export_new(BlockDriverState *bs, off_t dev_offset, off_t size,
296                           uint16_t nbdflags, void (*close)(NBDExport *),
297                           bool writethrough, BlockBackend *on_eject_blk,
298                           Error **errp);
299 void nbd_export_close(NBDExport *exp);
300 void nbd_export_remove(NBDExport *exp, NbdServerRemoveMode mode, Error **errp);
301 void nbd_export_get(NBDExport *exp);
302 void nbd_export_put(NBDExport *exp);
303 
304 BlockBackend *nbd_export_get_blockdev(NBDExport *exp);
305 
306 NBDExport *nbd_export_find(const char *name);
307 void nbd_export_set_name(NBDExport *exp, const char *name);
308 void nbd_export_set_description(NBDExport *exp, const char *description);
309 void nbd_export_close_all(void);
310 
311 void nbd_client_new(NBDExport *exp,
312                     QIOChannelSocket *sioc,
313                     QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds,
314                     const char *tlsaclname,
315                     void (*close_fn)(NBDClient *, bool));
316 void nbd_client_get(NBDClient *client);
317 void nbd_client_put(NBDClient *client);
318 
319 void nbd_server_start(SocketAddress *addr, const char *tls_creds,
320                       Error **errp);
321 
322 void nbd_export_bitmap(NBDExport *exp, const char *bitmap,
323                        const char *bitmap_export_name, Error **errp);
324 
325 /* nbd_read
326  * Reads @size bytes from @ioc. Returns 0 on success.
327  */
328 static inline int nbd_read(QIOChannel *ioc, void *buffer, size_t size,
329                            Error **errp)
330 {
331     return qio_channel_read_all(ioc, buffer, size, errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 0;
332 }
333 
334 static inline bool nbd_reply_is_simple(NBDReply *reply)
335 {
336     return reply->magic == NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC;
337 }
338 
339 static inline bool nbd_reply_is_structured(NBDReply *reply)
340 {
341     return reply->magic == NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC;
342 }
343 
344 const char *nbd_reply_type_lookup(uint16_t type);
345 
346 #endif
347