xref: /openbmc/qemu/include/block/nbd.h (revision bad5cfcd)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright Red Hat
3  *  Copyright (C) 2005  Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
4  *
5  *  Network Block Device
6  *
7  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  *  the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
10  *
11  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
18  */
19 
20 #ifndef NBD_H
21 #define NBD_H
22 
23 #include "block/export.h"
24 #include "io/channel-socket.h"
25 #include "crypto/tlscreds.h"
26 #include "qapi/error.h"
27 #include "qemu/bswap.h"
28 
29 typedef struct NBDExport NBDExport;
30 typedef struct NBDClient NBDClient;
31 typedef struct NBDClientConnection NBDClientConnection;
32 
33 extern const BlockExportDriver blk_exp_nbd;
34 
35 /* Handshake phase structs - this struct is passed on the wire */
36 
37 typedef struct NBDOption {
38     uint64_t magic; /* NBD_OPTS_MAGIC */
39     uint32_t option; /* NBD_OPT_* */
40     uint32_t length;
41 } QEMU_PACKED NBDOption;
42 
43 typedef struct NBDOptionReply {
44     uint64_t magic; /* NBD_REP_MAGIC */
45     uint32_t option; /* NBD_OPT_* */
46     uint32_t type; /* NBD_REP_* */
47     uint32_t length;
48 } QEMU_PACKED NBDOptionReply;
49 
50 typedef struct NBDOptionReplyMetaContext {
51     NBDOptionReply h; /* h.type = NBD_REP_META_CONTEXT, h.length > 4 */
52     uint32_t context_id;
53     /* metadata context name follows */
54 } QEMU_PACKED NBDOptionReplyMetaContext;
55 
56 /* Track results of negotiation */
57 typedef enum NBDMode {
58     /* Keep this list in a continuum of increasing features. */
59     NBD_MODE_OLDSTYLE,     /* server lacks newstyle negotiation */
60     NBD_MODE_EXPORT_NAME,  /* newstyle but only OPT_EXPORT_NAME safe */
61     NBD_MODE_SIMPLE,       /* newstyle but only simple replies */
62     NBD_MODE_STRUCTURED,   /* newstyle, structured replies enabled */
63     /* TODO add NBD_MODE_EXTENDED */
64 } NBDMode;
65 
66 /* Transmission phase structs
67  *
68  * Note: these are _NOT_ the same as the network representation of an NBD
69  * request and reply!
70  */
71 typedef struct NBDRequest {
72     uint64_t cookie;
73     uint64_t from;
74     uint32_t len;
75     uint16_t flags; /* NBD_CMD_FLAG_* */
76     uint16_t type; /* NBD_CMD_* */
77 } NBDRequest;
78 
79 typedef struct NBDSimpleReply {
80     uint32_t magic;  /* NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC */
81     uint32_t error;
82     uint64_t cookie;
83 } QEMU_PACKED NBDSimpleReply;
84 
85 /* Header of all structured replies */
86 typedef struct NBDStructuredReplyChunk {
87     uint32_t magic;  /* NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC */
88     uint16_t flags;  /* combination of NBD_REPLY_FLAG_* */
89     uint16_t type;   /* NBD_REPLY_TYPE_* */
90     uint64_t cookie; /* request handle */
91     uint32_t length; /* length of payload */
92 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredReplyChunk;
93 
94 typedef union NBDReply {
95     NBDSimpleReply simple;
96     NBDStructuredReplyChunk structured;
97     struct {
98         /*
99          * @magic and @cookie fields have the same offset and size both in
100          * simple reply and structured reply chunk, so let them be accessible
101          * without ".simple." or ".structured." specification
102          */
103         uint32_t magic;
104         uint32_t _skip;
105         uint64_t cookie;
106     } QEMU_PACKED;
107 } NBDReply;
108 
109 /* Header of chunk for NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA */
110 typedef struct NBDStructuredReadData {
111     /* header's .length >= 9 */
112     uint64_t offset;
113     /* At least one byte of data payload follows, calculated from h.length */
114 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredReadData;
115 
116 /* Complete chunk for NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE */
117 typedef struct NBDStructuredReadHole {
118     /* header's length == 12 */
119     uint64_t offset;
120     uint32_t length;
121 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredReadHole;
122 
123 /* Header of all NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR* errors */
124 typedef struct NBDStructuredError {
125     /* header's length >= 6 */
126     uint32_t error;
127     uint16_t message_length;
128 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredError;
129 
130 /* Header of NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
131 typedef struct NBDStructuredMeta {
132     /* header's length >= 12 (at least one extent) */
133     uint32_t context_id;
134     /* extents follows */
135 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredMeta;
136 
137 /* Extent chunk for NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
138 typedef struct NBDExtent {
139     uint32_t length;
140     uint32_t flags; /* NBD_STATE_* */
141 } QEMU_PACKED NBDExtent;
142 
143 /* Transmission (export) flags: sent from server to client during handshake,
144    but describe what will happen during transmission */
145 enum {
146     NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS_BIT          =  0, /* Flags are there */
147     NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY_BIT          =  1, /* Device is read-only */
148     NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH_BIT         =  2, /* Send FLUSH */
149     NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA_BIT           =  3, /* Send FUA (Force Unit Access) */
150     NBD_FLAG_ROTATIONAL_BIT         =  4, /* Use elevator algorithm -
151                                              rotational media */
152     NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM_BIT          =  5, /* Send TRIM (discard) */
153     NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES_BIT  =  6, /* Send WRITE_ZEROES */
154     NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF_BIT            =  7, /* Send DF (Do not Fragment) */
155     NBD_FLAG_CAN_MULTI_CONN_BIT     =  8, /* Multi-client cache consistent */
156     NBD_FLAG_SEND_RESIZE_BIT        =  9, /* Send resize */
157     NBD_FLAG_SEND_CACHE_BIT         = 10, /* Send CACHE (prefetch) */
158     NBD_FLAG_SEND_FAST_ZERO_BIT     = 11, /* FAST_ZERO flag for WRITE_ZEROES */
159 };
160 
161 #define NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS         (1 << NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS_BIT)
162 #define NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY         (1 << NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY_BIT)
163 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH        (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH_BIT)
164 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA          (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA_BIT)
165 #define NBD_FLAG_ROTATIONAL        (1 << NBD_FLAG_ROTATIONAL_BIT)
166 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM         (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM_BIT)
167 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES_BIT)
168 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF           (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF_BIT)
169 #define NBD_FLAG_CAN_MULTI_CONN    (1 << NBD_FLAG_CAN_MULTI_CONN_BIT)
170 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_RESIZE       (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_RESIZE_BIT)
171 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_CACHE        (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_CACHE_BIT)
172 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_FAST_ZERO    (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_FAST_ZERO_BIT)
173 
174 /* New-style handshake (global) flags, sent from server to client, and
175    control what will happen during handshake phase. */
176 #define NBD_FLAG_FIXED_NEWSTYLE   (1 << 0) /* Fixed newstyle protocol. */
177 #define NBD_FLAG_NO_ZEROES        (1 << 1) /* End handshake without zeroes. */
178 
179 /* New-style client flags, sent from client to server to control what happens
180    during handshake phase. */
181 #define NBD_FLAG_C_FIXED_NEWSTYLE (1 << 0) /* Fixed newstyle protocol. */
182 #define NBD_FLAG_C_NO_ZEROES      (1 << 1) /* End handshake without zeroes. */
183 
184 /* Option requests. */
185 #define NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME       (1)
186 #define NBD_OPT_ABORT             (2)
187 #define NBD_OPT_LIST              (3)
188 /* #define NBD_OPT_PEEK_EXPORT    (4) not in use */
189 #define NBD_OPT_STARTTLS          (5)
190 #define NBD_OPT_INFO              (6)
191 #define NBD_OPT_GO                (7)
192 #define NBD_OPT_STRUCTURED_REPLY  (8)
193 #define NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT (9)
194 #define NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT  (10)
195 
196 /* Option reply types. */
197 #define NBD_REP_ERR(value) ((UINT32_C(1) << 31) | (value))
198 
199 #define NBD_REP_ACK             (1)    /* Data sending finished. */
200 #define NBD_REP_SERVER          (2)    /* Export description. */
201 #define NBD_REP_INFO            (3)    /* NBD_OPT_INFO/GO. */
202 #define NBD_REP_META_CONTEXT    (4)    /* NBD_OPT_{LIST,SET}_META_CONTEXT */
203 
204 #define NBD_REP_ERR_UNSUP           NBD_REP_ERR(1)  /* Unknown option */
205 #define NBD_REP_ERR_POLICY          NBD_REP_ERR(2)  /* Server denied */
206 #define NBD_REP_ERR_INVALID         NBD_REP_ERR(3)  /* Invalid length */
207 #define NBD_REP_ERR_PLATFORM        NBD_REP_ERR(4)  /* Not compiled in */
208 #define NBD_REP_ERR_TLS_REQD        NBD_REP_ERR(5)  /* TLS required */
209 #define NBD_REP_ERR_UNKNOWN         NBD_REP_ERR(6)  /* Export unknown */
210 #define NBD_REP_ERR_SHUTDOWN        NBD_REP_ERR(7)  /* Server shutting down */
211 #define NBD_REP_ERR_BLOCK_SIZE_REQD NBD_REP_ERR(8)  /* Need INFO_BLOCK_SIZE */
212 
213 /* Info types, used during NBD_REP_INFO */
214 #define NBD_INFO_EXPORT         0
215 #define NBD_INFO_NAME           1
216 #define NBD_INFO_DESCRIPTION    2
217 #define NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE     3
218 
219 /* Request flags, sent from client to server during transmission phase */
220 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA        (1 << 0) /* 'force unit access' during write */
221 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_NO_HOLE    (1 << 1) /* don't punch hole on zero run */
222 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_DF         (1 << 2) /* don't fragment structured read */
223 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_REQ_ONE    (1 << 3) /* only one extent in BLOCK_STATUS
224                                           * reply chunk */
225 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_FAST_ZERO  (1 << 4) /* fail if WRITE_ZEROES is not fast */
226 
227 /* Supported request types */
228 enum {
229     NBD_CMD_READ = 0,
230     NBD_CMD_WRITE = 1,
231     NBD_CMD_DISC = 2,
232     NBD_CMD_FLUSH = 3,
233     NBD_CMD_TRIM = 4,
234     NBD_CMD_CACHE = 5,
235     NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES = 6,
236     NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS = 7,
237 };
238 
239 #define NBD_DEFAULT_PORT	10809
240 
241 /* Maximum size of a single READ/WRITE data buffer */
242 #define NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE (32 * 1024 * 1024)
243 
244 /*
245  * Maximum size of a protocol string (export name, metadata context name,
246  * etc.).  Use malloc rather than stack allocation for storage of a
247  * string.
248  */
249 #define NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE 4096
250 
251 /* Two types of reply structures */
252 #define NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC      0x67446698
253 #define NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC  0x668e33ef
254 
255 /* Structured reply flags */
256 #define NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE          (1 << 0) /* This reply-chunk is last */
257 
258 /* Structured reply types */
259 #define NBD_REPLY_ERR(value)         ((1 << 15) | (value))
260 
261 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE          0
262 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA   1
263 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE   2
264 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS  5
265 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR         NBD_REPLY_ERR(1)
266 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR_OFFSET  NBD_REPLY_ERR(2)
267 
268 /* Extent flags for base:allocation in NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
269 #define NBD_STATE_HOLE (1 << 0)
270 #define NBD_STATE_ZERO (1 << 1)
271 
272 /* Extent flags for qemu:dirty-bitmap in NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
273 #define NBD_STATE_DIRTY (1 << 0)
274 
275 /* No flags needed for qemu:allocation-depth in NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
276 
277 static inline bool nbd_reply_type_is_error(int type)
278 {
279     return type & (1 << 15);
280 }
281 
282 /* NBD errors are based on errno numbers, so there is a 1:1 mapping,
283  * but only a limited set of errno values is specified in the protocol.
284  * Everything else is squashed to EINVAL.
285  */
286 #define NBD_SUCCESS    0
287 #define NBD_EPERM      1
288 #define NBD_EIO        5
289 #define NBD_ENOMEM     12
290 #define NBD_EINVAL     22
291 #define NBD_ENOSPC     28
292 #define NBD_EOVERFLOW  75
293 #define NBD_ENOTSUP    95
294 #define NBD_ESHUTDOWN  108
295 
296 /* Details collected by NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME and NBD_OPT_GO */
297 typedef struct NBDExportInfo {
298     /* Set by client before nbd_receive_negotiate() */
299     bool request_sizes;
300     char *x_dirty_bitmap;
301 
302     /* Set by client before nbd_receive_negotiate(), or by server results
303      * during nbd_receive_export_list() */
304     char *name; /* must be non-NULL */
305 
306     /* In-out fields, set by client before nbd_receive_negotiate() and
307      * updated by server results during nbd_receive_negotiate() */
308     bool structured_reply;
309     bool base_allocation; /* base:allocation context for NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS */
310 
311     /* Set by server results during nbd_receive_negotiate() and
312      * nbd_receive_export_list() */
313     uint64_t size;
314     uint16_t flags;
315     uint32_t min_block;
316     uint32_t opt_block;
317     uint32_t max_block;
318 
319     uint32_t context_id;
320 
321     /* Set by server results during nbd_receive_export_list() */
322     char *description;
323     int n_contexts;
324     char **contexts;
325 } NBDExportInfo;
326 
327 int nbd_receive_negotiate(QIOChannel *ioc, QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds,
328                           const char *hostname, QIOChannel **outioc,
329                           NBDExportInfo *info, Error **errp);
330 void nbd_free_export_list(NBDExportInfo *info, int count);
331 int nbd_receive_export_list(QIOChannel *ioc, QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds,
332                             const char *hostname, NBDExportInfo **info,
333                             Error **errp);
334 int nbd_init(int fd, QIOChannelSocket *sioc, NBDExportInfo *info,
335              Error **errp);
336 int nbd_send_request(QIOChannel *ioc, NBDRequest *request);
337 int coroutine_fn nbd_receive_reply(BlockDriverState *bs, QIOChannel *ioc,
338                                    NBDReply *reply, Error **errp);
339 int nbd_client(int fd);
340 int nbd_disconnect(int fd);
341 int nbd_errno_to_system_errno(int err);
342 
343 void nbd_export_set_on_eject_blk(BlockExport *exp, BlockBackend *blk);
344 
345 AioContext *nbd_export_aio_context(NBDExport *exp);
346 NBDExport *nbd_export_find(const char *name);
347 
348 void nbd_client_new(QIOChannelSocket *sioc,
349                     QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds,
350                     const char *tlsauthz,
351                     void (*close_fn)(NBDClient *, bool));
352 void nbd_client_get(NBDClient *client);
353 void nbd_client_put(NBDClient *client);
354 
355 void nbd_server_is_qemu_nbd(int max_connections);
356 bool nbd_server_is_running(void);
357 int nbd_server_max_connections(void);
358 void nbd_server_start(SocketAddress *addr, const char *tls_creds,
359                       const char *tls_authz, uint32_t max_connections,
360                       Error **errp);
361 void nbd_server_start_options(NbdServerOptions *arg, Error **errp);
362 
363 /* nbd_read
364  * Reads @size bytes from @ioc. Returns 0 on success.
365  */
366 static inline int nbd_read(QIOChannel *ioc, void *buffer, size_t size,
367                            const char *desc, Error **errp)
368 {
369     ERRP_GUARD();
370     int ret = qio_channel_read_all(ioc, buffer, size, errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 0;
371 
372     if (ret < 0) {
373         if (desc) {
374             error_prepend(errp, "Failed to read %s: ", desc);
375         }
376         return ret;
377     }
378 
379     return 0;
380 }
381 
382 #define DEF_NBD_READ_N(bits)                                            \
383 static inline int nbd_read##bits(QIOChannel *ioc,                       \
384                                  uint##bits##_t *val,                   \
385                                  const char *desc, Error **errp)        \
386 {                                                                       \
387     int ret = nbd_read(ioc, val, sizeof(*val), desc, errp);             \
388     if (ret < 0) {                                                      \
389         return ret;                                                     \
390     }                                                                   \
391     *val = be##bits##_to_cpu(*val);                                     \
392     return 0;                                                           \
393 }
394 
395 DEF_NBD_READ_N(16) /* Defines nbd_read16(). */
396 DEF_NBD_READ_N(32) /* Defines nbd_read32(). */
397 DEF_NBD_READ_N(64) /* Defines nbd_read64(). */
398 
399 #undef DEF_NBD_READ_N
400 
401 static inline bool nbd_reply_is_simple(NBDReply *reply)
402 {
403     return reply->magic == NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC;
404 }
405 
406 static inline bool nbd_reply_is_structured(NBDReply *reply)
407 {
408     return reply->magic == NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC;
409 }
410 
411 const char *nbd_reply_type_lookup(uint16_t type);
412 const char *nbd_opt_lookup(uint32_t opt);
413 const char *nbd_rep_lookup(uint32_t rep);
414 const char *nbd_info_lookup(uint16_t info);
415 const char *nbd_cmd_lookup(uint16_t info);
416 const char *nbd_err_lookup(int err);
417 const char *nbd_mode_lookup(NBDMode mode);
418 
419 /* nbd/client-connection.c */
420 void nbd_client_connection_enable_retry(NBDClientConnection *conn);
421 
422 NBDClientConnection *nbd_client_connection_new(const SocketAddress *saddr,
423                                                bool do_negotiation,
424                                                const char *export_name,
425                                                const char *x_dirty_bitmap,
426                                                QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds,
427                                                const char *tlshostname);
428 void nbd_client_connection_release(NBDClientConnection *conn);
429 
430 QIOChannel *coroutine_fn
431 nbd_co_establish_connection(NBDClientConnection *conn, NBDExportInfo *info,
432                             bool blocking, Error **errp);
433 
434 void nbd_co_establish_connection_cancel(NBDClientConnection *conn);
435 
436 #endif
437