xref: /openbmc/qemu/include/block/nbd.h (revision 135b03cb)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 2016-2019 Red Hat, Inc.
3  *  Copyright (C) 2005  Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
4  *
5  *  Network Block Device
6  *
7  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  *  the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
10  *
11  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  *  along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
18  */
19 
20 #ifndef NBD_H
21 #define NBD_H
22 
23 #include "qapi/qapi-types-block.h"
24 #include "io/channel-socket.h"
25 #include "crypto/tlscreds.h"
26 #include "qapi/error.h"
27 
28 /* Handshake phase structs - this struct is passed on the wire */
29 
30 struct NBDOption {
31     uint64_t magic; /* NBD_OPTS_MAGIC */
32     uint32_t option; /* NBD_OPT_* */
33     uint32_t length;
34 } QEMU_PACKED;
35 typedef struct NBDOption NBDOption;
36 
37 struct NBDOptionReply {
38     uint64_t magic; /* NBD_REP_MAGIC */
39     uint32_t option; /* NBD_OPT_* */
40     uint32_t type; /* NBD_REP_* */
41     uint32_t length;
42 } QEMU_PACKED;
43 typedef struct NBDOptionReply NBDOptionReply;
44 
45 typedef struct NBDOptionReplyMetaContext {
46     NBDOptionReply h; /* h.type = NBD_REP_META_CONTEXT, h.length > 4 */
47     uint32_t context_id;
48     /* meta context name follows */
49 } QEMU_PACKED NBDOptionReplyMetaContext;
50 
51 /* Transmission phase structs
52  *
53  * Note: these are _NOT_ the same as the network representation of an NBD
54  * request and reply!
55  */
56 struct NBDRequest {
57     uint64_t handle;
58     uint64_t from;
59     uint32_t len;
60     uint16_t flags; /* NBD_CMD_FLAG_* */
61     uint16_t type; /* NBD_CMD_* */
62 };
63 typedef struct NBDRequest NBDRequest;
64 
65 typedef struct NBDSimpleReply {
66     uint32_t magic;  /* NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC */
67     uint32_t error;
68     uint64_t handle;
69 } QEMU_PACKED NBDSimpleReply;
70 
71 /* Header of all structured replies */
72 typedef struct NBDStructuredReplyChunk {
73     uint32_t magic;  /* NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC */
74     uint16_t flags;  /* combination of NBD_REPLY_FLAG_* */
75     uint16_t type;   /* NBD_REPLY_TYPE_* */
76     uint64_t handle; /* request handle */
77     uint32_t length; /* length of payload */
78 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredReplyChunk;
79 
80 typedef union NBDReply {
81     NBDSimpleReply simple;
82     NBDStructuredReplyChunk structured;
83     struct {
84         /* @magic and @handle fields have the same offset and size both in
85          * simple reply and structured reply chunk, so let them be accessible
86          * without ".simple." or ".structured." specification
87          */
88         uint32_t magic;
89         uint32_t _skip;
90         uint64_t handle;
91     } QEMU_PACKED;
92 } NBDReply;
93 
94 /* Header of chunk for NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA */
95 typedef struct NBDStructuredReadData {
96     NBDStructuredReplyChunk h; /* h.length >= 9 */
97     uint64_t offset;
98     /* At least one byte of data payload follows, calculated from h.length */
99 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredReadData;
100 
101 /* Complete chunk for NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE */
102 typedef struct NBDStructuredReadHole {
103     NBDStructuredReplyChunk h; /* h.length == 12 */
104     uint64_t offset;
105     uint32_t length;
106 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredReadHole;
107 
108 /* Header of all NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR* errors */
109 typedef struct NBDStructuredError {
110     NBDStructuredReplyChunk h; /* h.length >= 6 */
111     uint32_t error;
112     uint16_t message_length;
113 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredError;
114 
115 /* Header of NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
116 typedef struct NBDStructuredMeta {
117     NBDStructuredReplyChunk h; /* h.length >= 12 (at least one extent) */
118     uint32_t context_id;
119     /* extents follows */
120 } QEMU_PACKED NBDStructuredMeta;
121 
122 /* Extent chunk for NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
123 typedef struct NBDExtent {
124     uint32_t length;
125     uint32_t flags; /* NBD_STATE_* */
126 } QEMU_PACKED NBDExtent;
127 
128 /* Transmission (export) flags: sent from server to client during handshake,
129    but describe what will happen during transmission */
130 enum {
131     NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS_BIT          =  0, /* Flags are there */
132     NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY_BIT          =  1, /* Device is read-only */
133     NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH_BIT         =  2, /* Send FLUSH */
134     NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA_BIT           =  3, /* Send FUA (Force Unit Access) */
135     NBD_FLAG_ROTATIONAL_BIT         =  4, /* Use elevator algorithm -
136                                              rotational media */
137     NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM_BIT          =  5, /* Send TRIM (discard) */
138     NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES_BIT  =  6, /* Send WRITE_ZEROES */
139     NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF_BIT            =  7, /* Send DF (Do not Fragment) */
140     NBD_FLAG_CAN_MULTI_CONN_BIT     =  8, /* Multi-client cache consistent */
141     NBD_FLAG_SEND_RESIZE_BIT        =  9, /* Send resize */
142     NBD_FLAG_SEND_CACHE_BIT         = 10, /* Send CACHE (prefetch) */
143 };
144 
145 #define NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS         (1 << NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS_BIT)
146 #define NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY         (1 << NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY_BIT)
147 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH        (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH_BIT)
148 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA          (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA_BIT)
149 #define NBD_FLAG_ROTATIONAL        (1 << NBD_FLAG_ROTATIONAL_BIT)
150 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM         (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM_BIT)
151 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES_BIT)
152 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF           (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_DF_BIT)
153 #define NBD_FLAG_CAN_MULTI_CONN    (1 << NBD_FLAG_CAN_MULTI_CONN_BIT)
154 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_RESIZE       (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_RESIZE_BIT)
155 #define NBD_FLAG_SEND_CACHE        (1 << NBD_FLAG_SEND_CACHE_BIT)
156 
157 /* New-style handshake (global) flags, sent from server to client, and
158    control what will happen during handshake phase. */
159 #define NBD_FLAG_FIXED_NEWSTYLE   (1 << 0) /* Fixed newstyle protocol. */
160 #define NBD_FLAG_NO_ZEROES        (1 << 1) /* End handshake without zeroes. */
161 
162 /* New-style client flags, sent from client to server to control what happens
163    during handshake phase. */
164 #define NBD_FLAG_C_FIXED_NEWSTYLE (1 << 0) /* Fixed newstyle protocol. */
165 #define NBD_FLAG_C_NO_ZEROES      (1 << 1) /* End handshake without zeroes. */
166 
167 /* Option requests. */
168 #define NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME       (1)
169 #define NBD_OPT_ABORT             (2)
170 #define NBD_OPT_LIST              (3)
171 /* #define NBD_OPT_PEEK_EXPORT    (4) not in use */
172 #define NBD_OPT_STARTTLS          (5)
173 #define NBD_OPT_INFO              (6)
174 #define NBD_OPT_GO                (7)
175 #define NBD_OPT_STRUCTURED_REPLY  (8)
176 #define NBD_OPT_LIST_META_CONTEXT (9)
177 #define NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT  (10)
178 
179 /* Option reply types. */
180 #define NBD_REP_ERR(value) ((UINT32_C(1) << 31) | (value))
181 
182 #define NBD_REP_ACK             (1)    /* Data sending finished. */
183 #define NBD_REP_SERVER          (2)    /* Export description. */
184 #define NBD_REP_INFO            (3)    /* NBD_OPT_INFO/GO. */
185 #define NBD_REP_META_CONTEXT    (4)    /* NBD_OPT_{LIST,SET}_META_CONTEXT */
186 
187 #define NBD_REP_ERR_UNSUP           NBD_REP_ERR(1)  /* Unknown option */
188 #define NBD_REP_ERR_POLICY          NBD_REP_ERR(2)  /* Server denied */
189 #define NBD_REP_ERR_INVALID         NBD_REP_ERR(3)  /* Invalid length */
190 #define NBD_REP_ERR_PLATFORM        NBD_REP_ERR(4)  /* Not compiled in */
191 #define NBD_REP_ERR_TLS_REQD        NBD_REP_ERR(5)  /* TLS required */
192 #define NBD_REP_ERR_UNKNOWN         NBD_REP_ERR(6)  /* Export unknown */
193 #define NBD_REP_ERR_SHUTDOWN        NBD_REP_ERR(7)  /* Server shutting down */
194 #define NBD_REP_ERR_BLOCK_SIZE_REQD NBD_REP_ERR(8)  /* Need INFO_BLOCK_SIZE */
195 
196 /* Info types, used during NBD_REP_INFO */
197 #define NBD_INFO_EXPORT         0
198 #define NBD_INFO_NAME           1
199 #define NBD_INFO_DESCRIPTION    2
200 #define NBD_INFO_BLOCK_SIZE     3
201 
202 /* Request flags, sent from client to server during transmission phase */
203 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA        (1 << 0) /* 'force unit access' during write */
204 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_NO_HOLE    (1 << 1) /* don't punch hole on zero run */
205 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_DF         (1 << 2) /* don't fragment structured read */
206 #define NBD_CMD_FLAG_REQ_ONE    (1 << 3) /* only one extent in BLOCK_STATUS
207                                           * reply chunk */
208 
209 /* Supported request types */
210 enum {
211     NBD_CMD_READ = 0,
212     NBD_CMD_WRITE = 1,
213     NBD_CMD_DISC = 2,
214     NBD_CMD_FLUSH = 3,
215     NBD_CMD_TRIM = 4,
216     NBD_CMD_CACHE = 5,
217     NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES = 6,
218     NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS = 7,
219 };
220 
221 #define NBD_DEFAULT_PORT	10809
222 
223 /* Maximum size of a single READ/WRITE data buffer */
224 #define NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE (32 * 1024 * 1024)
225 
226 /* Maximum size of an export name. The NBD spec requires 256 and
227  * suggests that servers support up to 4096, but we stick to only the
228  * required size so that we can stack-allocate the names, and because
229  * going larger would require an audit of more code to make sure we
230  * aren't overflowing some other buffer. */
231 #define NBD_MAX_NAME_SIZE 256
232 
233 /* Two types of reply structures */
234 #define NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC      0x67446698
235 #define NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC  0x668e33ef
236 
237 /* Structured reply flags */
238 #define NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE          (1 << 0) /* This reply-chunk is last */
239 
240 /* Structured reply types */
241 #define NBD_REPLY_ERR(value)         ((1 << 15) | (value))
242 
243 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE          0
244 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA   1
245 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE   2
246 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS  5
247 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR         NBD_REPLY_ERR(1)
248 #define NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR_OFFSET  NBD_REPLY_ERR(2)
249 
250 /* Extent flags for base:allocation in NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
251 #define NBD_STATE_HOLE (1 << 0)
252 #define NBD_STATE_ZERO (1 << 1)
253 
254 /* Extent flags for qemu:dirty-bitmap in NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS */
255 #define NBD_STATE_DIRTY (1 << 0)
256 
257 static inline bool nbd_reply_type_is_error(int type)
258 {
259     return type & (1 << 15);
260 }
261 
262 /* NBD errors are based on errno numbers, so there is a 1:1 mapping,
263  * but only a limited set of errno values is specified in the protocol.
264  * Everything else is squashed to EINVAL.
265  */
266 #define NBD_SUCCESS    0
267 #define NBD_EPERM      1
268 #define NBD_EIO        5
269 #define NBD_ENOMEM     12
270 #define NBD_EINVAL     22
271 #define NBD_ENOSPC     28
272 #define NBD_EOVERFLOW  75
273 #define NBD_ESHUTDOWN  108
274 
275 /* Details collected by NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME and NBD_OPT_GO */
276 struct NBDExportInfo {
277     /* Set by client before nbd_receive_negotiate() */
278     bool request_sizes;
279     char *x_dirty_bitmap;
280 
281     /* Set by client before nbd_receive_negotiate(), or by server results
282      * during nbd_receive_export_list() */
283     char *name; /* must be non-NULL */
284 
285     /* In-out fields, set by client before nbd_receive_negotiate() and
286      * updated by server results during nbd_receive_negotiate() */
287     bool structured_reply;
288     bool base_allocation; /* base:allocation context for NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS */
289 
290     /* Set by server results during nbd_receive_negotiate() and
291      * nbd_receive_export_list() */
292     uint64_t size;
293     uint16_t flags;
294     uint32_t min_block;
295     uint32_t opt_block;
296     uint32_t max_block;
297 
298     uint32_t context_id;
299 
300     /* Set by server results during nbd_receive_export_list() */
301     char *description;
302     int n_contexts;
303     char **contexts;
304 };
305 typedef struct NBDExportInfo NBDExportInfo;
306 
307 int nbd_receive_negotiate(AioContext *aio_context, QIOChannel *ioc,
308                           QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds,
309                           const char *hostname, QIOChannel **outioc,
310                           NBDExportInfo *info, Error **errp);
311 void nbd_free_export_list(NBDExportInfo *info, int count);
312 int nbd_receive_export_list(QIOChannel *ioc, QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds,
313                             const char *hostname, NBDExportInfo **info,
314                             Error **errp);
315 int nbd_init(int fd, QIOChannelSocket *sioc, NBDExportInfo *info,
316              Error **errp);
317 int nbd_send_request(QIOChannel *ioc, NBDRequest *request);
318 int coroutine_fn nbd_receive_reply(BlockDriverState *bs, QIOChannel *ioc,
319                                    NBDReply *reply, Error **errp);
320 int nbd_client(int fd);
321 int nbd_disconnect(int fd);
322 int nbd_errno_to_system_errno(int err);
323 
324 typedef struct NBDExport NBDExport;
325 typedef struct NBDClient NBDClient;
326 
327 NBDExport *nbd_export_new(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t dev_offset,
328                           uint64_t size, const char *name, const char *desc,
329                           const char *bitmap, uint16_t nbdflags,
330                           void (*close)(NBDExport *), bool writethrough,
331                           BlockBackend *on_eject_blk, Error **errp);
332 void nbd_export_close(NBDExport *exp);
333 void nbd_export_remove(NBDExport *exp, NbdServerRemoveMode mode, Error **errp);
334 void nbd_export_get(NBDExport *exp);
335 void nbd_export_put(NBDExport *exp);
336 
337 BlockBackend *nbd_export_get_blockdev(NBDExport *exp);
338 
339 NBDExport *nbd_export_find(const char *name);
340 void nbd_export_close_all(void);
341 
342 void nbd_client_new(QIOChannelSocket *sioc,
343                     QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds,
344                     const char *tlsauthz,
345                     void (*close_fn)(NBDClient *, bool));
346 void nbd_client_get(NBDClient *client);
347 void nbd_client_put(NBDClient *client);
348 
349 void nbd_server_start(SocketAddress *addr, const char *tls_creds,
350                       const char *tls_authz, Error **errp);
351 
352 /* nbd_read
353  * Reads @size bytes from @ioc. Returns 0 on success.
354  */
355 static inline int nbd_read(QIOChannel *ioc, void *buffer, size_t size,
356                            const char *desc, Error **errp)
357 {
358     int ret = qio_channel_read_all(ioc, buffer, size, errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 0;
359 
360     if (ret < 0) {
361         if (desc) {
362             error_prepend(errp, "Failed to read %s: ", desc);
363         }
364         return -1;
365     }
366 
367     return 0;
368 }
369 
370 #define DEF_NBD_READ_N(bits)                                            \
371 static inline int nbd_read##bits(QIOChannel *ioc,                       \
372                                  uint##bits##_t *val,                   \
373                                  const char *desc, Error **errp)        \
374 {                                                                       \
375     if (nbd_read(ioc, val, sizeof(*val), desc, errp) < 0) {             \
376         return -1;                                                      \
377     }                                                                   \
378     *val = be##bits##_to_cpu(*val);                                     \
379     return 0;                                                           \
380 }
381 
382 DEF_NBD_READ_N(16) /* Defines nbd_read16(). */
383 DEF_NBD_READ_N(32) /* Defines nbd_read32(). */
384 DEF_NBD_READ_N(64) /* Defines nbd_read64(). */
385 
386 #undef DEF_NBD_READ_N
387 
388 static inline bool nbd_reply_is_simple(NBDReply *reply)
389 {
390     return reply->magic == NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC;
391 }
392 
393 static inline bool nbd_reply_is_structured(NBDReply *reply)
394 {
395     return reply->magic == NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC;
396 }
397 
398 const char *nbd_reply_type_lookup(uint16_t type);
399 const char *nbd_opt_lookup(uint32_t opt);
400 const char *nbd_rep_lookup(uint32_t rep);
401 const char *nbd_info_lookup(uint16_t info);
402 const char *nbd_cmd_lookup(uint16_t info);
403 const char *nbd_err_lookup(int err);
404 
405 #endif
406