xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/virtio/vhost.c (revision d177892d)
1 /*
2  * vhost support
3  *
4  * Copyright Red Hat, Inc. 2010
5  *
6  * Authors:
7  *  Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
8  *
9  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
10  * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
11  *
12  * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
13  * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
14  */
15 
16 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
17 #include "qapi/error.h"
18 #include "hw/virtio/vhost.h"
19 #include "qemu/atomic.h"
20 #include "qemu/range.h"
21 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
22 #include "qemu/memfd.h"
23 #include "standard-headers/linux/vhost_types.h"
24 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
25 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-bus.h"
26 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-access.h"
27 #include "migration/blocker.h"
28 #include "migration/qemu-file-types.h"
29 #include "sysemu/dma.h"
30 #include "sysemu/tcg.h"
31 #include "trace.h"
32 
33 /* enabled until disconnected backend stabilizes */
34 #define _VHOST_DEBUG 1
35 
36 #ifdef _VHOST_DEBUG
37 #define VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(fmt, ...) \
38     do { error_report(fmt ": %s (%d)", ## __VA_ARGS__, \
39                       strerror(errno), errno); } while (0)
40 #else
41 #define VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(fmt, ...) \
42     do { } while (0)
43 #endif
44 
45 static struct vhost_log *vhost_log;
46 static struct vhost_log *vhost_log_shm;
47 
48 static unsigned int used_memslots;
49 static QLIST_HEAD(, vhost_dev) vhost_devices =
50     QLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(vhost_devices);
51 
52 bool vhost_has_free_slot(void)
53 {
54     unsigned int slots_limit = ~0U;
55     struct vhost_dev *hdev;
56 
57     QLIST_FOREACH(hdev, &vhost_devices, entry) {
58         unsigned int r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_memslots_limit(hdev);
59         slots_limit = MIN(slots_limit, r);
60     }
61     return slots_limit > used_memslots;
62 }
63 
64 static void vhost_dev_sync_region(struct vhost_dev *dev,
65                                   MemoryRegionSection *section,
66                                   uint64_t mfirst, uint64_t mlast,
67                                   uint64_t rfirst, uint64_t rlast)
68 {
69     vhost_log_chunk_t *log = dev->log->log;
70 
71     uint64_t start = MAX(mfirst, rfirst);
72     uint64_t end = MIN(mlast, rlast);
73     vhost_log_chunk_t *from = log + start / VHOST_LOG_CHUNK;
74     vhost_log_chunk_t *to = log + end / VHOST_LOG_CHUNK + 1;
75     uint64_t addr = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(start, VHOST_LOG_CHUNK);
76 
77     if (end < start) {
78         return;
79     }
80     assert(end / VHOST_LOG_CHUNK < dev->log_size);
81     assert(start / VHOST_LOG_CHUNK < dev->log_size);
82 
83     for (;from < to; ++from) {
84         vhost_log_chunk_t log;
85         /* We first check with non-atomic: much cheaper,
86          * and we expect non-dirty to be the common case. */
87         if (!*from) {
88             addr += VHOST_LOG_CHUNK;
89             continue;
90         }
91         /* Data must be read atomically. We don't really need barrier semantics
92          * but it's easier to use atomic_* than roll our own. */
93         log = qatomic_xchg(from, 0);
94         while (log) {
95             int bit = ctzl(log);
96             hwaddr page_addr;
97             hwaddr section_offset;
98             hwaddr mr_offset;
99             page_addr = addr + bit * VHOST_LOG_PAGE;
100             section_offset = page_addr - section->offset_within_address_space;
101             mr_offset = section_offset + section->offset_within_region;
102             memory_region_set_dirty(section->mr, mr_offset, VHOST_LOG_PAGE);
103             log &= ~(0x1ull << bit);
104         }
105         addr += VHOST_LOG_CHUNK;
106     }
107 }
108 
109 static int vhost_sync_dirty_bitmap(struct vhost_dev *dev,
110                                    MemoryRegionSection *section,
111                                    hwaddr first,
112                                    hwaddr last)
113 {
114     int i;
115     hwaddr start_addr;
116     hwaddr end_addr;
117 
118     if (!dev->log_enabled || !dev->started) {
119         return 0;
120     }
121     start_addr = section->offset_within_address_space;
122     end_addr = range_get_last(start_addr, int128_get64(section->size));
123     start_addr = MAX(first, start_addr);
124     end_addr = MIN(last, end_addr);
125 
126     for (i = 0; i < dev->mem->nregions; ++i) {
127         struct vhost_memory_region *reg = dev->mem->regions + i;
128         vhost_dev_sync_region(dev, section, start_addr, end_addr,
129                               reg->guest_phys_addr,
130                               range_get_last(reg->guest_phys_addr,
131                                              reg->memory_size));
132     }
133     for (i = 0; i < dev->nvqs; ++i) {
134         struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->vqs + i;
135 
136         if (!vq->used_phys && !vq->used_size) {
137             continue;
138         }
139 
140         vhost_dev_sync_region(dev, section, start_addr, end_addr, vq->used_phys,
141                               range_get_last(vq->used_phys, vq->used_size));
142     }
143     return 0;
144 }
145 
146 static void vhost_log_sync(MemoryListener *listener,
147                           MemoryRegionSection *section)
148 {
149     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
150                                          memory_listener);
151     vhost_sync_dirty_bitmap(dev, section, 0x0, ~0x0ULL);
152 }
153 
154 static void vhost_log_sync_range(struct vhost_dev *dev,
155                                  hwaddr first, hwaddr last)
156 {
157     int i;
158     /* FIXME: this is N^2 in number of sections */
159     for (i = 0; i < dev->n_mem_sections; ++i) {
160         MemoryRegionSection *section = &dev->mem_sections[i];
161         vhost_sync_dirty_bitmap(dev, section, first, last);
162     }
163 }
164 
165 static uint64_t vhost_get_log_size(struct vhost_dev *dev)
166 {
167     uint64_t log_size = 0;
168     int i;
169     for (i = 0; i < dev->mem->nregions; ++i) {
170         struct vhost_memory_region *reg = dev->mem->regions + i;
171         uint64_t last = range_get_last(reg->guest_phys_addr,
172                                        reg->memory_size);
173         log_size = MAX(log_size, last / VHOST_LOG_CHUNK + 1);
174     }
175     return log_size;
176 }
177 
178 static struct vhost_log *vhost_log_alloc(uint64_t size, bool share)
179 {
180     Error *err = NULL;
181     struct vhost_log *log;
182     uint64_t logsize = size * sizeof(*(log->log));
183     int fd = -1;
184 
185     log = g_new0(struct vhost_log, 1);
186     if (share) {
187         log->log = qemu_memfd_alloc("vhost-log", logsize,
188                                     F_SEAL_GROW | F_SEAL_SHRINK | F_SEAL_SEAL,
189                                     &fd, &err);
190         if (err) {
191             error_report_err(err);
192             g_free(log);
193             return NULL;
194         }
195         memset(log->log, 0, logsize);
196     } else {
197         log->log = g_malloc0(logsize);
198     }
199 
200     log->size = size;
201     log->refcnt = 1;
202     log->fd = fd;
203 
204     return log;
205 }
206 
207 static struct vhost_log *vhost_log_get(uint64_t size, bool share)
208 {
209     struct vhost_log *log = share ? vhost_log_shm : vhost_log;
210 
211     if (!log || log->size != size) {
212         log = vhost_log_alloc(size, share);
213         if (share) {
214             vhost_log_shm = log;
215         } else {
216             vhost_log = log;
217         }
218     } else {
219         ++log->refcnt;
220     }
221 
222     return log;
223 }
224 
225 static void vhost_log_put(struct vhost_dev *dev, bool sync)
226 {
227     struct vhost_log *log = dev->log;
228 
229     if (!log) {
230         return;
231     }
232 
233     --log->refcnt;
234     if (log->refcnt == 0) {
235         /* Sync only the range covered by the old log */
236         if (dev->log_size && sync) {
237             vhost_log_sync_range(dev, 0, dev->log_size * VHOST_LOG_CHUNK - 1);
238         }
239 
240         if (vhost_log == log) {
241             g_free(log->log);
242             vhost_log = NULL;
243         } else if (vhost_log_shm == log) {
244             qemu_memfd_free(log->log, log->size * sizeof(*(log->log)),
245                             log->fd);
246             vhost_log_shm = NULL;
247         }
248 
249         g_free(log);
250     }
251 
252     dev->log = NULL;
253     dev->log_size = 0;
254 }
255 
256 static bool vhost_dev_log_is_shared(struct vhost_dev *dev)
257 {
258     return dev->vhost_ops->vhost_requires_shm_log &&
259            dev->vhost_ops->vhost_requires_shm_log(dev);
260 }
261 
262 static inline void vhost_dev_log_resize(struct vhost_dev *dev, uint64_t size)
263 {
264     struct vhost_log *log = vhost_log_get(size, vhost_dev_log_is_shared(dev));
265     uint64_t log_base = (uintptr_t)log->log;
266     int r;
267 
268     /* inform backend of log switching, this must be done before
269        releasing the current log, to ensure no logging is lost */
270     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_log_base(dev, log_base, log);
271     if (r < 0) {
272         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_log_base failed");
273     }
274 
275     vhost_log_put(dev, true);
276     dev->log = log;
277     dev->log_size = size;
278 }
279 
280 static int vhost_dev_has_iommu(struct vhost_dev *dev)
281 {
282     VirtIODevice *vdev = dev->vdev;
283 
284     /*
285      * For vhost, VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM means the backend support
286      * incremental memory mapping API via IOTLB API. For platform that
287      * does not have IOMMU, there's no need to enable this feature
288      * which may cause unnecessary IOTLB miss/update trnasactions.
289      */
290     return vdev->dma_as != &address_space_memory &&
291            virtio_host_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM);
292 }
293 
294 static void *vhost_memory_map(struct vhost_dev *dev, hwaddr addr,
295                               hwaddr *plen, bool is_write)
296 {
297     if (!vhost_dev_has_iommu(dev)) {
298         return cpu_physical_memory_map(addr, plen, is_write);
299     } else {
300         return (void *)(uintptr_t)addr;
301     }
302 }
303 
304 static void vhost_memory_unmap(struct vhost_dev *dev, void *buffer,
305                                hwaddr len, int is_write,
306                                hwaddr access_len)
307 {
308     if (!vhost_dev_has_iommu(dev)) {
309         cpu_physical_memory_unmap(buffer, len, is_write, access_len);
310     }
311 }
312 
313 static int vhost_verify_ring_part_mapping(void *ring_hva,
314                                           uint64_t ring_gpa,
315                                           uint64_t ring_size,
316                                           void *reg_hva,
317                                           uint64_t reg_gpa,
318                                           uint64_t reg_size)
319 {
320     uint64_t hva_ring_offset;
321     uint64_t ring_last = range_get_last(ring_gpa, ring_size);
322     uint64_t reg_last = range_get_last(reg_gpa, reg_size);
323 
324     if (ring_last < reg_gpa || ring_gpa > reg_last) {
325         return 0;
326     }
327     /* check that whole ring's is mapped */
328     if (ring_last > reg_last) {
329         return -ENOMEM;
330     }
331     /* check that ring's MemoryRegion wasn't replaced */
332     hva_ring_offset = ring_gpa - reg_gpa;
333     if (ring_hva != reg_hva + hva_ring_offset) {
334         return -EBUSY;
335     }
336 
337     return 0;
338 }
339 
340 static int vhost_verify_ring_mappings(struct vhost_dev *dev,
341                                       void *reg_hva,
342                                       uint64_t reg_gpa,
343                                       uint64_t reg_size)
344 {
345     int i, j;
346     int r = 0;
347     const char *part_name[] = {
348         "descriptor table",
349         "available ring",
350         "used ring"
351     };
352 
353     if (vhost_dev_has_iommu(dev)) {
354         return 0;
355     }
356 
357     for (i = 0; i < dev->nvqs; ++i) {
358         struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->vqs + i;
359 
360         if (vq->desc_phys == 0) {
361             continue;
362         }
363 
364         j = 0;
365         r = vhost_verify_ring_part_mapping(
366                 vq->desc, vq->desc_phys, vq->desc_size,
367                 reg_hva, reg_gpa, reg_size);
368         if (r) {
369             break;
370         }
371 
372         j++;
373         r = vhost_verify_ring_part_mapping(
374                 vq->avail, vq->avail_phys, vq->avail_size,
375                 reg_hva, reg_gpa, reg_size);
376         if (r) {
377             break;
378         }
379 
380         j++;
381         r = vhost_verify_ring_part_mapping(
382                 vq->used, vq->used_phys, vq->used_size,
383                 reg_hva, reg_gpa, reg_size);
384         if (r) {
385             break;
386         }
387     }
388 
389     if (r == -ENOMEM) {
390         error_report("Unable to map %s for ring %d", part_name[j], i);
391     } else if (r == -EBUSY) {
392         error_report("%s relocated for ring %d", part_name[j], i);
393     }
394     return r;
395 }
396 
397 /*
398  * vhost_section: identify sections needed for vhost access
399  *
400  * We only care about RAM sections here (where virtqueue and guest
401  * internals accessed by virtio might live). If we find one we still
402  * allow the backend to potentially filter it out of our list.
403  */
404 static bool vhost_section(struct vhost_dev *dev, MemoryRegionSection *section)
405 {
406     MemoryRegion *mr = section->mr;
407 
408     if (memory_region_is_ram(mr) && !memory_region_is_rom(mr)) {
409         uint8_t dirty_mask = memory_region_get_dirty_log_mask(mr);
410         uint8_t handled_dirty;
411 
412         /*
413          * Kernel based vhost doesn't handle any block which is doing
414          * dirty-tracking other than migration for which it has
415          * specific logging support. However for TCG the kernel never
416          * gets involved anyway so we can also ignore it's
417          * self-modiying code detection flags. However a vhost-user
418          * client could still confuse a TCG guest if it re-writes
419          * executable memory that has already been translated.
420          */
421         handled_dirty = (1 << DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION) |
422             (1 << DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE);
423 
424         if (dirty_mask & ~handled_dirty) {
425             trace_vhost_reject_section(mr->name, 1);
426             return false;
427         }
428 
429         if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_mem_section_filter &&
430             !dev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_mem_section_filter(dev, section)) {
431             trace_vhost_reject_section(mr->name, 2);
432             return false;
433         }
434 
435         trace_vhost_section(mr->name);
436         return true;
437     } else {
438         trace_vhost_reject_section(mr->name, 3);
439         return false;
440     }
441 }
442 
443 static void vhost_begin(MemoryListener *listener)
444 {
445     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
446                                          memory_listener);
447     dev->tmp_sections = NULL;
448     dev->n_tmp_sections = 0;
449 }
450 
451 static void vhost_commit(MemoryListener *listener)
452 {
453     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
454                                          memory_listener);
455     MemoryRegionSection *old_sections;
456     int n_old_sections;
457     uint64_t log_size;
458     size_t regions_size;
459     int r;
460     int i;
461     bool changed = false;
462 
463     /* Note we can be called before the device is started, but then
464      * starting the device calls set_mem_table, so we need to have
465      * built the data structures.
466      */
467     old_sections = dev->mem_sections;
468     n_old_sections = dev->n_mem_sections;
469     dev->mem_sections = dev->tmp_sections;
470     dev->n_mem_sections = dev->n_tmp_sections;
471 
472     if (dev->n_mem_sections != n_old_sections) {
473         changed = true;
474     } else {
475         /* Same size, lets check the contents */
476         for (int i = 0; i < n_old_sections; i++) {
477             if (!MemoryRegionSection_eq(&old_sections[i],
478                                         &dev->mem_sections[i])) {
479                 changed = true;
480                 break;
481             }
482         }
483     }
484 
485     trace_vhost_commit(dev->started, changed);
486     if (!changed) {
487         goto out;
488     }
489 
490     /* Rebuild the regions list from the new sections list */
491     regions_size = offsetof(struct vhost_memory, regions) +
492                        dev->n_mem_sections * sizeof dev->mem->regions[0];
493     dev->mem = g_realloc(dev->mem, regions_size);
494     dev->mem->nregions = dev->n_mem_sections;
495     used_memslots = dev->mem->nregions;
496     for (i = 0; i < dev->n_mem_sections; i++) {
497         struct vhost_memory_region *cur_vmr = dev->mem->regions + i;
498         struct MemoryRegionSection *mrs = dev->mem_sections + i;
499 
500         cur_vmr->guest_phys_addr = mrs->offset_within_address_space;
501         cur_vmr->memory_size     = int128_get64(mrs->size);
502         cur_vmr->userspace_addr  =
503             (uintptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(mrs->mr) +
504             mrs->offset_within_region;
505         cur_vmr->flags_padding   = 0;
506     }
507 
508     if (!dev->started) {
509         goto out;
510     }
511 
512     for (i = 0; i < dev->mem->nregions; i++) {
513         if (vhost_verify_ring_mappings(dev,
514                        (void *)(uintptr_t)dev->mem->regions[i].userspace_addr,
515                        dev->mem->regions[i].guest_phys_addr,
516                        dev->mem->regions[i].memory_size)) {
517             error_report("Verify ring failure on region %d", i);
518             abort();
519         }
520     }
521 
522     if (!dev->log_enabled) {
523         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_mem_table(dev, dev->mem);
524         if (r < 0) {
525             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_mem_table failed");
526         }
527         goto out;
528     }
529     log_size = vhost_get_log_size(dev);
530     /* We allocate an extra 4K bytes to log,
531      * to reduce the * number of reallocations. */
532 #define VHOST_LOG_BUFFER (0x1000 / sizeof *dev->log)
533     /* To log more, must increase log size before table update. */
534     if (dev->log_size < log_size) {
535         vhost_dev_log_resize(dev, log_size + VHOST_LOG_BUFFER);
536     }
537     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_mem_table(dev, dev->mem);
538     if (r < 0) {
539         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_mem_table failed");
540     }
541     /* To log less, can only decrease log size after table update. */
542     if (dev->log_size > log_size + VHOST_LOG_BUFFER) {
543         vhost_dev_log_resize(dev, log_size);
544     }
545 
546 out:
547     /* Deref the old list of sections, this must happen _after_ the
548      * vhost_set_mem_table to ensure the client isn't still using the
549      * section we're about to unref.
550      */
551     while (n_old_sections--) {
552         memory_region_unref(old_sections[n_old_sections].mr);
553     }
554     g_free(old_sections);
555     return;
556 }
557 
558 /* Adds the section data to the tmp_section structure.
559  * It relies on the listener calling us in memory address order
560  * and for each region (via the _add and _nop methods) to
561  * join neighbours.
562  */
563 static void vhost_region_add_section(struct vhost_dev *dev,
564                                      MemoryRegionSection *section)
565 {
566     bool need_add = true;
567     uint64_t mrs_size = int128_get64(section->size);
568     uint64_t mrs_gpa = section->offset_within_address_space;
569     uintptr_t mrs_host = (uintptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(section->mr) +
570                          section->offset_within_region;
571     RAMBlock *mrs_rb = section->mr->ram_block;
572 
573     trace_vhost_region_add_section(section->mr->name, mrs_gpa, mrs_size,
574                                    mrs_host);
575 
576     if (dev->vhost_ops->backend_type == VHOST_BACKEND_TYPE_USER) {
577         /* Round the section to it's page size */
578         /* First align the start down to a page boundary */
579         size_t mrs_page = qemu_ram_pagesize(mrs_rb);
580         uint64_t alignage = mrs_host & (mrs_page - 1);
581         if (alignage) {
582             mrs_host -= alignage;
583             mrs_size += alignage;
584             mrs_gpa  -= alignage;
585         }
586         /* Now align the size up to a page boundary */
587         alignage = mrs_size & (mrs_page - 1);
588         if (alignage) {
589             mrs_size += mrs_page - alignage;
590         }
591         trace_vhost_region_add_section_aligned(section->mr->name, mrs_gpa,
592                                                mrs_size, mrs_host);
593     }
594 
595     if (dev->n_tmp_sections) {
596         /* Since we already have at least one section, lets see if
597          * this extends it; since we're scanning in order, we only
598          * have to look at the last one, and the FlatView that calls
599          * us shouldn't have overlaps.
600          */
601         MemoryRegionSection *prev_sec = dev->tmp_sections +
602                                                (dev->n_tmp_sections - 1);
603         uint64_t prev_gpa_start = prev_sec->offset_within_address_space;
604         uint64_t prev_size = int128_get64(prev_sec->size);
605         uint64_t prev_gpa_end   = range_get_last(prev_gpa_start, prev_size);
606         uint64_t prev_host_start =
607                         (uintptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(prev_sec->mr) +
608                         prev_sec->offset_within_region;
609         uint64_t prev_host_end   = range_get_last(prev_host_start, prev_size);
610 
611         if (mrs_gpa <= (prev_gpa_end + 1)) {
612             /* OK, looks like overlapping/intersecting - it's possible that
613              * the rounding to page sizes has made them overlap, but they should
614              * match up in the same RAMBlock if they do.
615              */
616             if (mrs_gpa < prev_gpa_start) {
617                 error_report("%s:Section '%s' rounded to %"PRIx64
618                              " prior to previous '%s' %"PRIx64,
619                              __func__, section->mr->name, mrs_gpa,
620                              prev_sec->mr->name, prev_gpa_start);
621                 /* A way to cleanly fail here would be better */
622                 return;
623             }
624             /* Offset from the start of the previous GPA to this GPA */
625             size_t offset = mrs_gpa - prev_gpa_start;
626 
627             if (prev_host_start + offset == mrs_host &&
628                 section->mr == prev_sec->mr &&
629                 (!dev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_can_merge ||
630                  dev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_can_merge(dev,
631                     mrs_host, mrs_size,
632                     prev_host_start, prev_size))) {
633                 uint64_t max_end = MAX(prev_host_end, mrs_host + mrs_size);
634                 need_add = false;
635                 prev_sec->offset_within_address_space =
636                     MIN(prev_gpa_start, mrs_gpa);
637                 prev_sec->offset_within_region =
638                     MIN(prev_host_start, mrs_host) -
639                     (uintptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(prev_sec->mr);
640                 prev_sec->size = int128_make64(max_end - MIN(prev_host_start,
641                                                mrs_host));
642                 trace_vhost_region_add_section_merge(section->mr->name,
643                                         int128_get64(prev_sec->size),
644                                         prev_sec->offset_within_address_space,
645                                         prev_sec->offset_within_region);
646             } else {
647                 /* adjoining regions are fine, but overlapping ones with
648                  * different blocks/offsets shouldn't happen
649                  */
650                 if (mrs_gpa != prev_gpa_end + 1) {
651                     error_report("%s: Overlapping but not coherent sections "
652                                  "at %"PRIx64,
653                                  __func__, mrs_gpa);
654                     return;
655                 }
656             }
657         }
658     }
659 
660     if (need_add) {
661         ++dev->n_tmp_sections;
662         dev->tmp_sections = g_renew(MemoryRegionSection, dev->tmp_sections,
663                                     dev->n_tmp_sections);
664         dev->tmp_sections[dev->n_tmp_sections - 1] = *section;
665         /* The flatview isn't stable and we don't use it, making it NULL
666          * means we can memcmp the list.
667          */
668         dev->tmp_sections[dev->n_tmp_sections - 1].fv = NULL;
669         memory_region_ref(section->mr);
670     }
671 }
672 
673 /* Used for both add and nop callbacks */
674 static void vhost_region_addnop(MemoryListener *listener,
675                                 MemoryRegionSection *section)
676 {
677     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
678                                          memory_listener);
679 
680     if (!vhost_section(dev, section)) {
681         return;
682     }
683     vhost_region_add_section(dev, section);
684 }
685 
686 static void vhost_iommu_unmap_notify(IOMMUNotifier *n, IOMMUTLBEntry *iotlb)
687 {
688     struct vhost_iommu *iommu = container_of(n, struct vhost_iommu, n);
689     struct vhost_dev *hdev = iommu->hdev;
690     hwaddr iova = iotlb->iova + iommu->iommu_offset;
691 
692     if (vhost_backend_invalidate_device_iotlb(hdev, iova,
693                                               iotlb->addr_mask + 1)) {
694         error_report("Fail to invalidate device iotlb");
695     }
696 }
697 
698 static void vhost_iommu_region_add(MemoryListener *listener,
699                                    MemoryRegionSection *section)
700 {
701     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
702                                          iommu_listener);
703     struct vhost_iommu *iommu;
704     Int128 end;
705     int iommu_idx;
706     IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu_mr;
707     int ret;
708 
709     if (!memory_region_is_iommu(section->mr)) {
710         return;
711     }
712 
713     iommu_mr = IOMMU_MEMORY_REGION(section->mr);
714 
715     iommu = g_malloc0(sizeof(*iommu));
716     end = int128_add(int128_make64(section->offset_within_region),
717                      section->size);
718     end = int128_sub(end, int128_one());
719     iommu_idx = memory_region_iommu_attrs_to_index(iommu_mr,
720                                                    MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
721     iommu_notifier_init(&iommu->n, vhost_iommu_unmap_notify,
722                         IOMMU_NOTIFIER_DEVIOTLB_UNMAP,
723                         section->offset_within_region,
724                         int128_get64(end),
725                         iommu_idx);
726     iommu->mr = section->mr;
727     iommu->iommu_offset = section->offset_within_address_space -
728                           section->offset_within_region;
729     iommu->hdev = dev;
730     ret = memory_region_register_iommu_notifier(section->mr, &iommu->n, NULL);
731     if (ret) {
732         /*
733          * Some vIOMMUs do not support dev-iotlb yet.  If so, try to use the
734          * UNMAP legacy message
735          */
736         iommu->n.notifier_flags = IOMMU_NOTIFIER_UNMAP;
737         memory_region_register_iommu_notifier(section->mr, &iommu->n,
738                                               &error_fatal);
739     }
740     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&dev->iommu_list, iommu, iommu_next);
741     /* TODO: can replay help performance here? */
742 }
743 
744 static void vhost_iommu_region_del(MemoryListener *listener,
745                                    MemoryRegionSection *section)
746 {
747     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
748                                          iommu_listener);
749     struct vhost_iommu *iommu;
750 
751     if (!memory_region_is_iommu(section->mr)) {
752         return;
753     }
754 
755     QLIST_FOREACH(iommu, &dev->iommu_list, iommu_next) {
756         if (iommu->mr == section->mr &&
757             iommu->n.start == section->offset_within_region) {
758             memory_region_unregister_iommu_notifier(iommu->mr,
759                                                     &iommu->n);
760             QLIST_REMOVE(iommu, iommu_next);
761             g_free(iommu);
762             break;
763         }
764     }
765 }
766 
767 static int vhost_virtqueue_set_addr(struct vhost_dev *dev,
768                                     struct vhost_virtqueue *vq,
769                                     unsigned idx, bool enable_log)
770 {
771     struct vhost_vring_addr addr;
772     int r;
773     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct vhost_vring_addr));
774 
775     if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_vq_get_addr) {
776         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_vq_get_addr(dev, &addr, vq);
777         if (r < 0) {
778             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_vq_get_addr failed");
779             return -errno;
780         }
781     } else {
782         addr.desc_user_addr = (uint64_t)(unsigned long)vq->desc;
783         addr.avail_user_addr = (uint64_t)(unsigned long)vq->avail;
784         addr.used_user_addr = (uint64_t)(unsigned long)vq->used;
785     }
786     addr.index = idx;
787     addr.log_guest_addr = vq->used_phys;
788     addr.flags = enable_log ? (1 << VHOST_VRING_F_LOG) : 0;
789     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_addr(dev, &addr);
790     if (r < 0) {
791         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_vring_addr failed");
792         return -errno;
793     }
794     return 0;
795 }
796 
797 static int vhost_dev_set_features(struct vhost_dev *dev,
798                                   bool enable_log)
799 {
800     uint64_t features = dev->acked_features;
801     int r;
802     if (enable_log) {
803         features |= 0x1ULL << VHOST_F_LOG_ALL;
804     }
805     if (!vhost_dev_has_iommu(dev)) {
806         features &= ~(0x1ULL << VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM);
807     }
808     if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_force_iommu) {
809         if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_force_iommu(dev) == true) {
810             features |= 0x1ULL << VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM;
811        }
812     }
813     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_features(dev, features);
814     if (r < 0) {
815         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_features failed");
816         goto out;
817     }
818     if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_backend_cap) {
819         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_backend_cap(dev);
820         if (r < 0) {
821             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_backend_cap failed");
822             goto out;
823         }
824     }
825 
826 out:
827     return r < 0 ? -errno : 0;
828 }
829 
830 static int vhost_dev_set_log(struct vhost_dev *dev, bool enable_log)
831 {
832     int r, i, idx;
833     hwaddr addr;
834 
835     r = vhost_dev_set_features(dev, enable_log);
836     if (r < 0) {
837         goto err_features;
838     }
839     for (i = 0; i < dev->nvqs; ++i) {
840         idx = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, dev->vq_index + i);
841         addr = virtio_queue_get_desc_addr(dev->vdev, idx);
842         if (!addr) {
843             /*
844              * The queue might not be ready for start. If this
845              * is the case there is no reason to continue the process.
846              * The similar logic is used by the vhost_virtqueue_start()
847              * routine.
848              */
849             continue;
850         }
851         r = vhost_virtqueue_set_addr(dev, dev->vqs + i, idx,
852                                      enable_log);
853         if (r < 0) {
854             goto err_vq;
855         }
856     }
857     return 0;
858 err_vq:
859     for (; i >= 0; --i) {
860         idx = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, dev->vq_index + i);
861         vhost_virtqueue_set_addr(dev, dev->vqs + i, idx,
862                                  dev->log_enabled);
863     }
864     vhost_dev_set_features(dev, dev->log_enabled);
865 err_features:
866     return r;
867 }
868 
869 static int vhost_migration_log(MemoryListener *listener, bool enable)
870 {
871     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
872                                          memory_listener);
873     int r;
874     if (enable == dev->log_enabled) {
875         return 0;
876     }
877     if (!dev->started) {
878         dev->log_enabled = enable;
879         return 0;
880     }
881 
882     r = 0;
883     if (!enable) {
884         r = vhost_dev_set_log(dev, false);
885         if (r < 0) {
886             goto check_dev_state;
887         }
888         vhost_log_put(dev, false);
889     } else {
890         vhost_dev_log_resize(dev, vhost_get_log_size(dev));
891         r = vhost_dev_set_log(dev, true);
892         if (r < 0) {
893             goto check_dev_state;
894         }
895     }
896 
897 check_dev_state:
898     dev->log_enabled = enable;
899     /*
900      * vhost-user-* devices could change their state during log
901      * initialization due to disconnect. So check dev state after
902      * vhost communication.
903      */
904     if (!dev->started) {
905         /*
906          * Since device is in the stopped state, it is okay for
907          * migration. Return success.
908          */
909         r = 0;
910     }
911     if (r) {
912         /* An error occurred. */
913         dev->log_enabled = false;
914     }
915 
916     return r;
917 }
918 
919 static void vhost_log_global_start(MemoryListener *listener)
920 {
921     int r;
922 
923     r = vhost_migration_log(listener, true);
924     if (r < 0) {
925         abort();
926     }
927 }
928 
929 static void vhost_log_global_stop(MemoryListener *listener)
930 {
931     int r;
932 
933     r = vhost_migration_log(listener, false);
934     if (r < 0) {
935         abort();
936     }
937 }
938 
939 static void vhost_log_start(MemoryListener *listener,
940                             MemoryRegionSection *section,
941                             int old, int new)
942 {
943     /* FIXME: implement */
944 }
945 
946 static void vhost_log_stop(MemoryListener *listener,
947                            MemoryRegionSection *section,
948                            int old, int new)
949 {
950     /* FIXME: implement */
951 }
952 
953 /* The vhost driver natively knows how to handle the vrings of non
954  * cross-endian legacy devices and modern devices. Only legacy devices
955  * exposed to a bi-endian guest may require the vhost driver to use a
956  * specific endianness.
957  */
958 static inline bool vhost_needs_vring_endian(VirtIODevice *vdev)
959 {
960     if (virtio_vdev_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_F_VERSION_1)) {
961         return false;
962     }
963 #ifdef HOST_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
964     return vdev->device_endian == VIRTIO_DEVICE_ENDIAN_LITTLE;
965 #else
966     return vdev->device_endian == VIRTIO_DEVICE_ENDIAN_BIG;
967 #endif
968 }
969 
970 static int vhost_virtqueue_set_vring_endian_legacy(struct vhost_dev *dev,
971                                                    bool is_big_endian,
972                                                    int vhost_vq_index)
973 {
974     struct vhost_vring_state s = {
975         .index = vhost_vq_index,
976         .num = is_big_endian
977     };
978 
979     if (!dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_endian(dev, &s)) {
980         return 0;
981     }
982 
983     VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_vring_endian failed");
984     if (errno == ENOTTY) {
985         error_report("vhost does not support cross-endian");
986         return -ENOSYS;
987     }
988 
989     return -errno;
990 }
991 
992 static int vhost_memory_region_lookup(struct vhost_dev *hdev,
993                                       uint64_t gpa, uint64_t *uaddr,
994                                       uint64_t *len)
995 {
996     int i;
997 
998     for (i = 0; i < hdev->mem->nregions; i++) {
999         struct vhost_memory_region *reg = hdev->mem->regions + i;
1000 
1001         if (gpa >= reg->guest_phys_addr &&
1002             reg->guest_phys_addr + reg->memory_size > gpa) {
1003             *uaddr = reg->userspace_addr + gpa - reg->guest_phys_addr;
1004             *len = reg->guest_phys_addr + reg->memory_size - gpa;
1005             return 0;
1006         }
1007     }
1008 
1009     return -EFAULT;
1010 }
1011 
1012 int vhost_device_iotlb_miss(struct vhost_dev *dev, uint64_t iova, int write)
1013 {
1014     IOMMUTLBEntry iotlb;
1015     uint64_t uaddr, len;
1016     int ret = -EFAULT;
1017 
1018     RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
1019 
1020     trace_vhost_iotlb_miss(dev, 1);
1021 
1022     iotlb = address_space_get_iotlb_entry(dev->vdev->dma_as,
1023                                           iova, write,
1024                                           MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
1025     if (iotlb.target_as != NULL) {
1026         ret = vhost_memory_region_lookup(dev, iotlb.translated_addr,
1027                                          &uaddr, &len);
1028         if (ret) {
1029             trace_vhost_iotlb_miss(dev, 3);
1030             error_report("Fail to lookup the translated address "
1031                          "%"PRIx64, iotlb.translated_addr);
1032             goto out;
1033         }
1034 
1035         len = MIN(iotlb.addr_mask + 1, len);
1036         iova = iova & ~iotlb.addr_mask;
1037 
1038         ret = vhost_backend_update_device_iotlb(dev, iova, uaddr,
1039                                                 len, iotlb.perm);
1040         if (ret) {
1041             trace_vhost_iotlb_miss(dev, 4);
1042             error_report("Fail to update device iotlb");
1043             goto out;
1044         }
1045     }
1046 
1047     trace_vhost_iotlb_miss(dev, 2);
1048 
1049 out:
1050     return ret;
1051 }
1052 
1053 static int vhost_virtqueue_start(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1054                                 struct VirtIODevice *vdev,
1055                                 struct vhost_virtqueue *vq,
1056                                 unsigned idx)
1057 {
1058     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(vdev)));
1059     VirtioBusState *vbus = VIRTIO_BUS(qbus);
1060     VirtioBusClass *k = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(vbus);
1061     hwaddr s, l, a;
1062     int r;
1063     int vhost_vq_index = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, idx);
1064     struct vhost_vring_file file = {
1065         .index = vhost_vq_index
1066     };
1067     struct vhost_vring_state state = {
1068         .index = vhost_vq_index
1069     };
1070     struct VirtQueue *vvq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, idx);
1071 
1072     a = virtio_queue_get_desc_addr(vdev, idx);
1073     if (a == 0) {
1074         /* Queue might not be ready for start */
1075         return 0;
1076     }
1077 
1078     vq->num = state.num = virtio_queue_get_num(vdev, idx);
1079     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_num(dev, &state);
1080     if (r) {
1081         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_vring_num failed");
1082         return -errno;
1083     }
1084 
1085     state.num = virtio_queue_get_last_avail_idx(vdev, idx);
1086     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_base(dev, &state);
1087     if (r) {
1088         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_vring_base failed");
1089         return -errno;
1090     }
1091 
1092     if (vhost_needs_vring_endian(vdev)) {
1093         r = vhost_virtqueue_set_vring_endian_legacy(dev,
1094                                                     virtio_is_big_endian(vdev),
1095                                                     vhost_vq_index);
1096         if (r) {
1097             return -errno;
1098         }
1099     }
1100 
1101     vq->desc_size = s = l = virtio_queue_get_desc_size(vdev, idx);
1102     vq->desc_phys = a;
1103     vq->desc = vhost_memory_map(dev, a, &l, false);
1104     if (!vq->desc || l != s) {
1105         r = -ENOMEM;
1106         goto fail_alloc_desc;
1107     }
1108     vq->avail_size = s = l = virtio_queue_get_avail_size(vdev, idx);
1109     vq->avail_phys = a = virtio_queue_get_avail_addr(vdev, idx);
1110     vq->avail = vhost_memory_map(dev, a, &l, false);
1111     if (!vq->avail || l != s) {
1112         r = -ENOMEM;
1113         goto fail_alloc_avail;
1114     }
1115     vq->used_size = s = l = virtio_queue_get_used_size(vdev, idx);
1116     vq->used_phys = a = virtio_queue_get_used_addr(vdev, idx);
1117     vq->used = vhost_memory_map(dev, a, &l, true);
1118     if (!vq->used || l != s) {
1119         r = -ENOMEM;
1120         goto fail_alloc_used;
1121     }
1122 
1123     r = vhost_virtqueue_set_addr(dev, vq, vhost_vq_index, dev->log_enabled);
1124     if (r < 0) {
1125         r = -errno;
1126         goto fail_alloc;
1127     }
1128 
1129     file.fd = event_notifier_get_fd(virtio_queue_get_host_notifier(vvq));
1130     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_kick(dev, &file);
1131     if (r) {
1132         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_vring_kick failed");
1133         r = -errno;
1134         goto fail_kick;
1135     }
1136 
1137     /* Clear and discard previous events if any. */
1138     event_notifier_test_and_clear(&vq->masked_notifier);
1139 
1140     /* Init vring in unmasked state, unless guest_notifier_mask
1141      * will do it later.
1142      */
1143     if (!vdev->use_guest_notifier_mask) {
1144         /* TODO: check and handle errors. */
1145         vhost_virtqueue_mask(dev, vdev, idx, false);
1146     }
1147 
1148     if (k->query_guest_notifiers &&
1149         k->query_guest_notifiers(qbus->parent) &&
1150         virtio_queue_vector(vdev, idx) == VIRTIO_NO_VECTOR) {
1151         file.fd = -1;
1152         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_call(dev, &file);
1153         if (r) {
1154             goto fail_vector;
1155         }
1156     }
1157 
1158     return 0;
1159 
1160 fail_vector:
1161 fail_kick:
1162 fail_alloc:
1163     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->used, virtio_queue_get_used_size(vdev, idx),
1164                        0, 0);
1165 fail_alloc_used:
1166     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->avail, virtio_queue_get_avail_size(vdev, idx),
1167                        0, 0);
1168 fail_alloc_avail:
1169     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->desc, virtio_queue_get_desc_size(vdev, idx),
1170                        0, 0);
1171 fail_alloc_desc:
1172     return r;
1173 }
1174 
1175 static void vhost_virtqueue_stop(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1176                                     struct VirtIODevice *vdev,
1177                                     struct vhost_virtqueue *vq,
1178                                     unsigned idx)
1179 {
1180     int vhost_vq_index = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, idx);
1181     struct vhost_vring_state state = {
1182         .index = vhost_vq_index,
1183     };
1184     int r;
1185 
1186     if (virtio_queue_get_desc_addr(vdev, idx) == 0) {
1187         /* Don't stop the virtqueue which might have not been started */
1188         return;
1189     }
1190 
1191     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vring_base(dev, &state);
1192     if (r < 0) {
1193         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost VQ %u ring restore failed: %d", idx, r);
1194         /* Connection to the backend is broken, so let's sync internal
1195          * last avail idx to the device used idx.
1196          */
1197         virtio_queue_restore_last_avail_idx(vdev, idx);
1198     } else {
1199         virtio_queue_set_last_avail_idx(vdev, idx, state.num);
1200     }
1201     virtio_queue_invalidate_signalled_used(vdev, idx);
1202     virtio_queue_update_used_idx(vdev, idx);
1203 
1204     /* In the cross-endian case, we need to reset the vring endianness to
1205      * native as legacy devices expect so by default.
1206      */
1207     if (vhost_needs_vring_endian(vdev)) {
1208         vhost_virtqueue_set_vring_endian_legacy(dev,
1209                                                 !virtio_is_big_endian(vdev),
1210                                                 vhost_vq_index);
1211     }
1212 
1213     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->used, virtio_queue_get_used_size(vdev, idx),
1214                        1, virtio_queue_get_used_size(vdev, idx));
1215     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->avail, virtio_queue_get_avail_size(vdev, idx),
1216                        0, virtio_queue_get_avail_size(vdev, idx));
1217     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->desc, virtio_queue_get_desc_size(vdev, idx),
1218                        0, virtio_queue_get_desc_size(vdev, idx));
1219 }
1220 
1221 static void vhost_eventfd_add(MemoryListener *listener,
1222                               MemoryRegionSection *section,
1223                               bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e)
1224 {
1225 }
1226 
1227 static void vhost_eventfd_del(MemoryListener *listener,
1228                               MemoryRegionSection *section,
1229                               bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e)
1230 {
1231 }
1232 
1233 static int vhost_virtqueue_set_busyloop_timeout(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1234                                                 int n, uint32_t timeout)
1235 {
1236     int vhost_vq_index = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, n);
1237     struct vhost_vring_state state = {
1238         .index = vhost_vq_index,
1239         .num = timeout,
1240     };
1241     int r;
1242 
1243     if (!dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_busyloop_timeout) {
1244         return -EINVAL;
1245     }
1246 
1247     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_busyloop_timeout(dev, &state);
1248     if (r) {
1249         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_vring_busyloop_timeout failed");
1250         return r;
1251     }
1252 
1253     return 0;
1254 }
1255 
1256 static int vhost_virtqueue_init(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1257                                 struct vhost_virtqueue *vq, int n)
1258 {
1259     int vhost_vq_index = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, n);
1260     struct vhost_vring_file file = {
1261         .index = vhost_vq_index,
1262     };
1263     int r = event_notifier_init(&vq->masked_notifier, 0);
1264     if (r < 0) {
1265         return r;
1266     }
1267 
1268     file.fd = event_notifier_get_fd(&vq->masked_notifier);
1269     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_call(dev, &file);
1270     if (r) {
1271         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_vring_call failed");
1272         r = -errno;
1273         goto fail_call;
1274     }
1275 
1276     vq->dev = dev;
1277 
1278     return 0;
1279 fail_call:
1280     event_notifier_cleanup(&vq->masked_notifier);
1281     return r;
1282 }
1283 
1284 static void vhost_virtqueue_cleanup(struct vhost_virtqueue *vq)
1285 {
1286     event_notifier_cleanup(&vq->masked_notifier);
1287 }
1288 
1289 int vhost_dev_init(struct vhost_dev *hdev, void *opaque,
1290                    VhostBackendType backend_type, uint32_t busyloop_timeout)
1291 {
1292     uint64_t features;
1293     int i, r, n_initialized_vqs = 0;
1294     Error *local_err = NULL;
1295 
1296     hdev->vdev = NULL;
1297     hdev->migration_blocker = NULL;
1298 
1299     r = vhost_set_backend_type(hdev, backend_type);
1300     assert(r >= 0);
1301 
1302     r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_init(hdev, opaque);
1303     if (r < 0) {
1304         goto fail;
1305     }
1306 
1307     r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_owner(hdev);
1308     if (r < 0) {
1309         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_owner failed");
1310         goto fail;
1311     }
1312 
1313     r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_features(hdev, &features);
1314     if (r < 0) {
1315         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_get_features failed");
1316         goto fail;
1317     }
1318 
1319     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i, ++n_initialized_vqs) {
1320         r = vhost_virtqueue_init(hdev, hdev->vqs + i, hdev->vq_index + i);
1321         if (r < 0) {
1322             goto fail;
1323         }
1324     }
1325 
1326     if (busyloop_timeout) {
1327         for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1328             r = vhost_virtqueue_set_busyloop_timeout(hdev, hdev->vq_index + i,
1329                                                      busyloop_timeout);
1330             if (r < 0) {
1331                 goto fail_busyloop;
1332             }
1333         }
1334     }
1335 
1336     hdev->features = features;
1337 
1338     hdev->memory_listener = (MemoryListener) {
1339         .begin = vhost_begin,
1340         .commit = vhost_commit,
1341         .region_add = vhost_region_addnop,
1342         .region_nop = vhost_region_addnop,
1343         .log_start = vhost_log_start,
1344         .log_stop = vhost_log_stop,
1345         .log_sync = vhost_log_sync,
1346         .log_global_start = vhost_log_global_start,
1347         .log_global_stop = vhost_log_global_stop,
1348         .eventfd_add = vhost_eventfd_add,
1349         .eventfd_del = vhost_eventfd_del,
1350         .priority = 10
1351     };
1352 
1353     hdev->iommu_listener = (MemoryListener) {
1354         .region_add = vhost_iommu_region_add,
1355         .region_del = vhost_iommu_region_del,
1356     };
1357 
1358     if (hdev->migration_blocker == NULL) {
1359         if (!(hdev->features & (0x1ULL << VHOST_F_LOG_ALL))) {
1360             error_setg(&hdev->migration_blocker,
1361                        "Migration disabled: vhost lacks VHOST_F_LOG_ALL feature.");
1362         } else if (vhost_dev_log_is_shared(hdev) && !qemu_memfd_alloc_check()) {
1363             error_setg(&hdev->migration_blocker,
1364                        "Migration disabled: failed to allocate shared memory");
1365         }
1366     }
1367 
1368     if (hdev->migration_blocker != NULL) {
1369         r = migrate_add_blocker(hdev->migration_blocker, &local_err);
1370         if (local_err) {
1371             error_report_err(local_err);
1372             error_free(hdev->migration_blocker);
1373             goto fail_busyloop;
1374         }
1375     }
1376 
1377     hdev->mem = g_malloc0(offsetof(struct vhost_memory, regions));
1378     hdev->n_mem_sections = 0;
1379     hdev->mem_sections = NULL;
1380     hdev->log = NULL;
1381     hdev->log_size = 0;
1382     hdev->log_enabled = false;
1383     hdev->started = false;
1384     memory_listener_register(&hdev->memory_listener, &address_space_memory);
1385     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&vhost_devices, hdev, entry);
1386 
1387     if (used_memslots > hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_memslots_limit(hdev)) {
1388         error_report("vhost backend memory slots limit is less"
1389                 " than current number of present memory slots");
1390         r = -1;
1391         goto fail_busyloop;
1392     }
1393 
1394     return 0;
1395 
1396 fail_busyloop:
1397     if (busyloop_timeout) {
1398         while (--i >= 0) {
1399             vhost_virtqueue_set_busyloop_timeout(hdev, hdev->vq_index + i, 0);
1400         }
1401     }
1402 fail:
1403     hdev->nvqs = n_initialized_vqs;
1404     vhost_dev_cleanup(hdev);
1405     return r;
1406 }
1407 
1408 void vhost_dev_cleanup(struct vhost_dev *hdev)
1409 {
1410     int i;
1411 
1412     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1413         vhost_virtqueue_cleanup(hdev->vqs + i);
1414     }
1415     if (hdev->mem) {
1416         /* those are only safe after successful init */
1417         memory_listener_unregister(&hdev->memory_listener);
1418         QLIST_REMOVE(hdev, entry);
1419     }
1420     if (hdev->migration_blocker) {
1421         migrate_del_blocker(hdev->migration_blocker);
1422         error_free(hdev->migration_blocker);
1423     }
1424     g_free(hdev->mem);
1425     g_free(hdev->mem_sections);
1426     if (hdev->vhost_ops) {
1427         hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_cleanup(hdev);
1428     }
1429     assert(!hdev->log);
1430 
1431     memset(hdev, 0, sizeof(struct vhost_dev));
1432 }
1433 
1434 /* Stop processing guest IO notifications in qemu.
1435  * Start processing them in vhost in kernel.
1436  */
1437 int vhost_dev_enable_notifiers(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
1438 {
1439     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(vdev)));
1440     int i, r, e;
1441 
1442     /* We will pass the notifiers to the kernel, make sure that QEMU
1443      * doesn't interfere.
1444      */
1445     r = virtio_device_grab_ioeventfd(vdev);
1446     if (r < 0) {
1447         error_report("binding does not support host notifiers");
1448         goto fail;
1449     }
1450 
1451     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1452         r = virtio_bus_set_host_notifier(VIRTIO_BUS(qbus), hdev->vq_index + i,
1453                                          true);
1454         if (r < 0) {
1455             error_report("vhost VQ %d notifier binding failed: %d", i, -r);
1456             goto fail_vq;
1457         }
1458     }
1459 
1460     return 0;
1461 fail_vq:
1462     while (--i >= 0) {
1463         e = virtio_bus_set_host_notifier(VIRTIO_BUS(qbus), hdev->vq_index + i,
1464                                          false);
1465         if (e < 0) {
1466             error_report("vhost VQ %d notifier cleanup error: %d", i, -r);
1467         }
1468         assert (e >= 0);
1469         virtio_bus_cleanup_host_notifier(VIRTIO_BUS(qbus), hdev->vq_index + i);
1470     }
1471     virtio_device_release_ioeventfd(vdev);
1472 fail:
1473     return r;
1474 }
1475 
1476 /* Stop processing guest IO notifications in vhost.
1477  * Start processing them in qemu.
1478  * This might actually run the qemu handlers right away,
1479  * so virtio in qemu must be completely setup when this is called.
1480  */
1481 void vhost_dev_disable_notifiers(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
1482 {
1483     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(vdev)));
1484     int i, r;
1485 
1486     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1487         r = virtio_bus_set_host_notifier(VIRTIO_BUS(qbus), hdev->vq_index + i,
1488                                          false);
1489         if (r < 0) {
1490             error_report("vhost VQ %d notifier cleanup failed: %d", i, -r);
1491         }
1492         assert (r >= 0);
1493         virtio_bus_cleanup_host_notifier(VIRTIO_BUS(qbus), hdev->vq_index + i);
1494     }
1495     virtio_device_release_ioeventfd(vdev);
1496 }
1497 
1498 /* Test and clear event pending status.
1499  * Should be called after unmask to avoid losing events.
1500  */
1501 bool vhost_virtqueue_pending(struct vhost_dev *hdev, int n)
1502 {
1503     struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = hdev->vqs + n - hdev->vq_index;
1504     assert(n >= hdev->vq_index && n < hdev->vq_index + hdev->nvqs);
1505     return event_notifier_test_and_clear(&vq->masked_notifier);
1506 }
1507 
1508 /* Mask/unmask events from this vq. */
1509 void vhost_virtqueue_mask(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev, int n,
1510                          bool mask)
1511 {
1512     struct VirtQueue *vvq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, n);
1513     int r, index = n - hdev->vq_index;
1514     struct vhost_vring_file file;
1515 
1516     /* should only be called after backend is connected */
1517     assert(hdev->vhost_ops);
1518 
1519     if (mask) {
1520         assert(vdev->use_guest_notifier_mask);
1521         file.fd = event_notifier_get_fd(&hdev->vqs[index].masked_notifier);
1522     } else {
1523         file.fd = event_notifier_get_fd(virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(vvq));
1524     }
1525 
1526     file.index = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(hdev, n);
1527     r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_call(hdev, &file);
1528     if (r < 0) {
1529         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_vring_call failed");
1530     }
1531 }
1532 
1533 uint64_t vhost_get_features(struct vhost_dev *hdev, const int *feature_bits,
1534                             uint64_t features)
1535 {
1536     const int *bit = feature_bits;
1537     while (*bit != VHOST_INVALID_FEATURE_BIT) {
1538         uint64_t bit_mask = (1ULL << *bit);
1539         if (!(hdev->features & bit_mask)) {
1540             features &= ~bit_mask;
1541         }
1542         bit++;
1543     }
1544     return features;
1545 }
1546 
1547 void vhost_ack_features(struct vhost_dev *hdev, const int *feature_bits,
1548                         uint64_t features)
1549 {
1550     const int *bit = feature_bits;
1551     while (*bit != VHOST_INVALID_FEATURE_BIT) {
1552         uint64_t bit_mask = (1ULL << *bit);
1553         if (features & bit_mask) {
1554             hdev->acked_features |= bit_mask;
1555         }
1556         bit++;
1557     }
1558 }
1559 
1560 int vhost_dev_get_config(struct vhost_dev *hdev, uint8_t *config,
1561                          uint32_t config_len)
1562 {
1563     assert(hdev->vhost_ops);
1564 
1565     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_config) {
1566         return hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_config(hdev, config, config_len);
1567     }
1568 
1569     return -1;
1570 }
1571 
1572 int vhost_dev_set_config(struct vhost_dev *hdev, const uint8_t *data,
1573                          uint32_t offset, uint32_t size, uint32_t flags)
1574 {
1575     assert(hdev->vhost_ops);
1576 
1577     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_config) {
1578         return hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_config(hdev, data, offset,
1579                                                  size, flags);
1580     }
1581 
1582     return -1;
1583 }
1584 
1585 void vhost_dev_set_config_notifier(struct vhost_dev *hdev,
1586                                    const VhostDevConfigOps *ops)
1587 {
1588     hdev->config_ops = ops;
1589 }
1590 
1591 void vhost_dev_free_inflight(struct vhost_inflight *inflight)
1592 {
1593     if (inflight && inflight->addr) {
1594         qemu_memfd_free(inflight->addr, inflight->size, inflight->fd);
1595         inflight->addr = NULL;
1596         inflight->fd = -1;
1597     }
1598 }
1599 
1600 static int vhost_dev_resize_inflight(struct vhost_inflight *inflight,
1601                                      uint64_t new_size)
1602 {
1603     Error *err = NULL;
1604     int fd = -1;
1605     void *addr = qemu_memfd_alloc("vhost-inflight", new_size,
1606                                   F_SEAL_GROW | F_SEAL_SHRINK | F_SEAL_SEAL,
1607                                   &fd, &err);
1608 
1609     if (err) {
1610         error_report_err(err);
1611         return -1;
1612     }
1613 
1614     vhost_dev_free_inflight(inflight);
1615     inflight->offset = 0;
1616     inflight->addr = addr;
1617     inflight->fd = fd;
1618     inflight->size = new_size;
1619 
1620     return 0;
1621 }
1622 
1623 void vhost_dev_save_inflight(struct vhost_inflight *inflight, QEMUFile *f)
1624 {
1625     if (inflight->addr) {
1626         qemu_put_be64(f, inflight->size);
1627         qemu_put_be16(f, inflight->queue_size);
1628         qemu_put_buffer(f, inflight->addr, inflight->size);
1629     } else {
1630         qemu_put_be64(f, 0);
1631     }
1632 }
1633 
1634 int vhost_dev_load_inflight(struct vhost_inflight *inflight, QEMUFile *f)
1635 {
1636     uint64_t size;
1637 
1638     size = qemu_get_be64(f);
1639     if (!size) {
1640         return 0;
1641     }
1642 
1643     if (inflight->size != size) {
1644         if (vhost_dev_resize_inflight(inflight, size)) {
1645             return -1;
1646         }
1647     }
1648     inflight->queue_size = qemu_get_be16(f);
1649 
1650     qemu_get_buffer(f, inflight->addr, size);
1651 
1652     return 0;
1653 }
1654 
1655 int vhost_dev_prepare_inflight(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
1656 {
1657     int r;
1658 
1659     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_inflight_fd == NULL ||
1660         hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_inflight_fd == NULL) {
1661         return 0;
1662     }
1663 
1664     hdev->vdev = vdev;
1665 
1666     r = vhost_dev_set_features(hdev, hdev->log_enabled);
1667     if (r < 0) {
1668         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_dev_prepare_inflight failed");
1669         return r;
1670     }
1671 
1672     return 0;
1673 }
1674 
1675 int vhost_dev_set_inflight(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1676                            struct vhost_inflight *inflight)
1677 {
1678     int r;
1679 
1680     if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_inflight_fd && inflight->addr) {
1681         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_inflight_fd(dev, inflight);
1682         if (r) {
1683             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_inflight_fd failed");
1684             return -errno;
1685         }
1686     }
1687 
1688     return 0;
1689 }
1690 
1691 int vhost_dev_get_inflight(struct vhost_dev *dev, uint16_t queue_size,
1692                            struct vhost_inflight *inflight)
1693 {
1694     int r;
1695 
1696     if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_inflight_fd) {
1697         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_inflight_fd(dev, queue_size, inflight);
1698         if (r) {
1699             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_get_inflight_fd failed");
1700             return -errno;
1701         }
1702     }
1703 
1704     return 0;
1705 }
1706 
1707 /* Host notifiers must be enabled at this point. */
1708 int vhost_dev_start(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
1709 {
1710     int i, r;
1711 
1712     /* should only be called after backend is connected */
1713     assert(hdev->vhost_ops);
1714 
1715     hdev->started = true;
1716     hdev->vdev = vdev;
1717 
1718     r = vhost_dev_set_features(hdev, hdev->log_enabled);
1719     if (r < 0) {
1720         goto fail_features;
1721     }
1722 
1723     if (vhost_dev_has_iommu(hdev)) {
1724         memory_listener_register(&hdev->iommu_listener, vdev->dma_as);
1725     }
1726 
1727     r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_mem_table(hdev, hdev->mem);
1728     if (r < 0) {
1729         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_mem_table failed");
1730         r = -errno;
1731         goto fail_mem;
1732     }
1733     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1734         r = vhost_virtqueue_start(hdev,
1735                                   vdev,
1736                                   hdev->vqs + i,
1737                                   hdev->vq_index + i);
1738         if (r < 0) {
1739             goto fail_vq;
1740         }
1741     }
1742 
1743     if (hdev->log_enabled) {
1744         uint64_t log_base;
1745 
1746         hdev->log_size = vhost_get_log_size(hdev);
1747         hdev->log = vhost_log_get(hdev->log_size,
1748                                   vhost_dev_log_is_shared(hdev));
1749         log_base = (uintptr_t)hdev->log->log;
1750         r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_log_base(hdev,
1751                                                 hdev->log_size ? log_base : 0,
1752                                                 hdev->log);
1753         if (r < 0) {
1754             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG("vhost_set_log_base failed");
1755             r = -errno;
1756             goto fail_log;
1757         }
1758     }
1759     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_dev_start) {
1760         r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_dev_start(hdev, true);
1761         if (r) {
1762             goto fail_log;
1763         }
1764     }
1765     if (vhost_dev_has_iommu(hdev) &&
1766         hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_iotlb_callback) {
1767             hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_iotlb_callback(hdev, true);
1768 
1769         /* Update used ring information for IOTLB to work correctly,
1770          * vhost-kernel code requires for this.*/
1771         for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1772             struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = hdev->vqs + i;
1773             vhost_device_iotlb_miss(hdev, vq->used_phys, true);
1774         }
1775     }
1776     return 0;
1777 fail_log:
1778     vhost_log_put(hdev, false);
1779 fail_vq:
1780     while (--i >= 0) {
1781         vhost_virtqueue_stop(hdev,
1782                              vdev,
1783                              hdev->vqs + i,
1784                              hdev->vq_index + i);
1785     }
1786 
1787 fail_mem:
1788 fail_features:
1789 
1790     hdev->started = false;
1791     return r;
1792 }
1793 
1794 /* Host notifiers must be enabled at this point. */
1795 void vhost_dev_stop(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
1796 {
1797     int i;
1798 
1799     /* should only be called after backend is connected */
1800     assert(hdev->vhost_ops);
1801 
1802     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_dev_start) {
1803         hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_dev_start(hdev, false);
1804     }
1805     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1806         vhost_virtqueue_stop(hdev,
1807                              vdev,
1808                              hdev->vqs + i,
1809                              hdev->vq_index + i);
1810     }
1811 
1812     if (vhost_dev_has_iommu(hdev)) {
1813         if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_iotlb_callback) {
1814             hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_iotlb_callback(hdev, false);
1815         }
1816         memory_listener_unregister(&hdev->iommu_listener);
1817     }
1818     vhost_log_put(hdev, true);
1819     hdev->started = false;
1820     hdev->vdev = NULL;
1821 }
1822 
1823 int vhost_net_set_backend(struct vhost_dev *hdev,
1824                           struct vhost_vring_file *file)
1825 {
1826     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_net_set_backend) {
1827         return hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_net_set_backend(hdev, file);
1828     }
1829 
1830     return -1;
1831 }
1832