xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/virtio/vhost.c (revision 803ca43e)
1 /*
2  * vhost support
3  *
4  * Copyright Red Hat, Inc. 2010
5  *
6  * Authors:
7  *  Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
8  *
9  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
10  * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
11  *
12  * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
13  * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
14  */
15 
16 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
17 #include "qapi/error.h"
18 #include "hw/virtio/vhost.h"
19 #include "qemu/atomic.h"
20 #include "qemu/range.h"
21 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
22 #include "qemu/memfd.h"
23 #include "standard-headers/linux/vhost_types.h"
24 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-bus.h"
25 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-access.h"
26 #include "migration/blocker.h"
27 #include "migration/qemu-file-types.h"
28 #include "sysemu/dma.h"
29 #include "trace.h"
30 
31 /* enabled until disconnected backend stabilizes */
32 #define _VHOST_DEBUG 1
33 
34 #ifdef _VHOST_DEBUG
35 #define VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(retval, fmt, ...) \
36     do { \
37         error_report(fmt ": %s (%d)", ## __VA_ARGS__, \
38                      strerror(-retval), -retval); \
39     } while (0)
40 #else
41 #define VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(retval, fmt, ...) \
42     do { } while (0)
43 #endif
44 
45 static struct vhost_log *vhost_log;
46 static struct vhost_log *vhost_log_shm;
47 
48 static unsigned int used_memslots;
49 static QLIST_HEAD(, vhost_dev) vhost_devices =
50     QLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(vhost_devices);
51 
52 bool vhost_has_free_slot(void)
53 {
54     unsigned int slots_limit = ~0U;
55     struct vhost_dev *hdev;
56 
57     QLIST_FOREACH(hdev, &vhost_devices, entry) {
58         unsigned int r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_memslots_limit(hdev);
59         slots_limit = MIN(slots_limit, r);
60     }
61     return slots_limit > used_memslots;
62 }
63 
64 static void vhost_dev_sync_region(struct vhost_dev *dev,
65                                   MemoryRegionSection *section,
66                                   uint64_t mfirst, uint64_t mlast,
67                                   uint64_t rfirst, uint64_t rlast)
68 {
69     vhost_log_chunk_t *log = dev->log->log;
70 
71     uint64_t start = MAX(mfirst, rfirst);
72     uint64_t end = MIN(mlast, rlast);
73     vhost_log_chunk_t *from = log + start / VHOST_LOG_CHUNK;
74     vhost_log_chunk_t *to = log + end / VHOST_LOG_CHUNK + 1;
75     uint64_t addr = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(start, VHOST_LOG_CHUNK);
76 
77     if (end < start) {
78         return;
79     }
80     assert(end / VHOST_LOG_CHUNK < dev->log_size);
81     assert(start / VHOST_LOG_CHUNK < dev->log_size);
82 
83     for (;from < to; ++from) {
84         vhost_log_chunk_t log;
85         /* We first check with non-atomic: much cheaper,
86          * and we expect non-dirty to be the common case. */
87         if (!*from) {
88             addr += VHOST_LOG_CHUNK;
89             continue;
90         }
91         /* Data must be read atomically. We don't really need barrier semantics
92          * but it's easier to use atomic_* than roll our own. */
93         log = qatomic_xchg(from, 0);
94         while (log) {
95             int bit = ctzl(log);
96             hwaddr page_addr;
97             hwaddr section_offset;
98             hwaddr mr_offset;
99             page_addr = addr + bit * VHOST_LOG_PAGE;
100             section_offset = page_addr - section->offset_within_address_space;
101             mr_offset = section_offset + section->offset_within_region;
102             memory_region_set_dirty(section->mr, mr_offset, VHOST_LOG_PAGE);
103             log &= ~(0x1ull << bit);
104         }
105         addr += VHOST_LOG_CHUNK;
106     }
107 }
108 
109 static int vhost_sync_dirty_bitmap(struct vhost_dev *dev,
110                                    MemoryRegionSection *section,
111                                    hwaddr first,
112                                    hwaddr last)
113 {
114     int i;
115     hwaddr start_addr;
116     hwaddr end_addr;
117 
118     if (!dev->log_enabled || !dev->started) {
119         return 0;
120     }
121     start_addr = section->offset_within_address_space;
122     end_addr = range_get_last(start_addr, int128_get64(section->size));
123     start_addr = MAX(first, start_addr);
124     end_addr = MIN(last, end_addr);
125 
126     for (i = 0; i < dev->mem->nregions; ++i) {
127         struct vhost_memory_region *reg = dev->mem->regions + i;
128         vhost_dev_sync_region(dev, section, start_addr, end_addr,
129                               reg->guest_phys_addr,
130                               range_get_last(reg->guest_phys_addr,
131                                              reg->memory_size));
132     }
133     for (i = 0; i < dev->nvqs; ++i) {
134         struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->vqs + i;
135 
136         if (!vq->used_phys && !vq->used_size) {
137             continue;
138         }
139 
140         vhost_dev_sync_region(dev, section, start_addr, end_addr, vq->used_phys,
141                               range_get_last(vq->used_phys, vq->used_size));
142     }
143     return 0;
144 }
145 
146 static void vhost_log_sync(MemoryListener *listener,
147                           MemoryRegionSection *section)
148 {
149     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
150                                          memory_listener);
151     vhost_sync_dirty_bitmap(dev, section, 0x0, ~0x0ULL);
152 }
153 
154 static void vhost_log_sync_range(struct vhost_dev *dev,
155                                  hwaddr first, hwaddr last)
156 {
157     int i;
158     /* FIXME: this is N^2 in number of sections */
159     for (i = 0; i < dev->n_mem_sections; ++i) {
160         MemoryRegionSection *section = &dev->mem_sections[i];
161         vhost_sync_dirty_bitmap(dev, section, first, last);
162     }
163 }
164 
165 static uint64_t vhost_get_log_size(struct vhost_dev *dev)
166 {
167     uint64_t log_size = 0;
168     int i;
169     for (i = 0; i < dev->mem->nregions; ++i) {
170         struct vhost_memory_region *reg = dev->mem->regions + i;
171         uint64_t last = range_get_last(reg->guest_phys_addr,
172                                        reg->memory_size);
173         log_size = MAX(log_size, last / VHOST_LOG_CHUNK + 1);
174     }
175     return log_size;
176 }
177 
178 static int vhost_set_backend_type(struct vhost_dev *dev,
179                                   VhostBackendType backend_type)
180 {
181     int r = 0;
182 
183     switch (backend_type) {
184 #ifdef CONFIG_VHOST_KERNEL
185     case VHOST_BACKEND_TYPE_KERNEL:
186         dev->vhost_ops = &kernel_ops;
187         break;
188 #endif
189 #ifdef CONFIG_VHOST_USER
190     case VHOST_BACKEND_TYPE_USER:
191         dev->vhost_ops = &user_ops;
192         break;
193 #endif
194 #ifdef CONFIG_VHOST_VDPA
195     case VHOST_BACKEND_TYPE_VDPA:
196         dev->vhost_ops = &vdpa_ops;
197         break;
198 #endif
199     default:
200         error_report("Unknown vhost backend type");
201         r = -1;
202     }
203 
204     return r;
205 }
206 
207 static struct vhost_log *vhost_log_alloc(uint64_t size, bool share)
208 {
209     Error *err = NULL;
210     struct vhost_log *log;
211     uint64_t logsize = size * sizeof(*(log->log));
212     int fd = -1;
213 
214     log = g_new0(struct vhost_log, 1);
215     if (share) {
216         log->log = qemu_memfd_alloc("vhost-log", logsize,
217                                     F_SEAL_GROW | F_SEAL_SHRINK | F_SEAL_SEAL,
218                                     &fd, &err);
219         if (err) {
220             error_report_err(err);
221             g_free(log);
222             return NULL;
223         }
224         memset(log->log, 0, logsize);
225     } else {
226         log->log = g_malloc0(logsize);
227     }
228 
229     log->size = size;
230     log->refcnt = 1;
231     log->fd = fd;
232 
233     return log;
234 }
235 
236 static struct vhost_log *vhost_log_get(uint64_t size, bool share)
237 {
238     struct vhost_log *log = share ? vhost_log_shm : vhost_log;
239 
240     if (!log || log->size != size) {
241         log = vhost_log_alloc(size, share);
242         if (share) {
243             vhost_log_shm = log;
244         } else {
245             vhost_log = log;
246         }
247     } else {
248         ++log->refcnt;
249     }
250 
251     return log;
252 }
253 
254 static void vhost_log_put(struct vhost_dev *dev, bool sync)
255 {
256     struct vhost_log *log = dev->log;
257 
258     if (!log) {
259         return;
260     }
261 
262     --log->refcnt;
263     if (log->refcnt == 0) {
264         /* Sync only the range covered by the old log */
265         if (dev->log_size && sync) {
266             vhost_log_sync_range(dev, 0, dev->log_size * VHOST_LOG_CHUNK - 1);
267         }
268 
269         if (vhost_log == log) {
270             g_free(log->log);
271             vhost_log = NULL;
272         } else if (vhost_log_shm == log) {
273             qemu_memfd_free(log->log, log->size * sizeof(*(log->log)),
274                             log->fd);
275             vhost_log_shm = NULL;
276         }
277 
278         g_free(log);
279     }
280 
281     dev->log = NULL;
282     dev->log_size = 0;
283 }
284 
285 static bool vhost_dev_log_is_shared(struct vhost_dev *dev)
286 {
287     return dev->vhost_ops->vhost_requires_shm_log &&
288            dev->vhost_ops->vhost_requires_shm_log(dev);
289 }
290 
291 static inline void vhost_dev_log_resize(struct vhost_dev *dev, uint64_t size)
292 {
293     struct vhost_log *log = vhost_log_get(size, vhost_dev_log_is_shared(dev));
294     uint64_t log_base = (uintptr_t)log->log;
295     int r;
296 
297     /* inform backend of log switching, this must be done before
298        releasing the current log, to ensure no logging is lost */
299     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_log_base(dev, log_base, log);
300     if (r < 0) {
301         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_log_base failed");
302     }
303 
304     vhost_log_put(dev, true);
305     dev->log = log;
306     dev->log_size = size;
307 }
308 
309 static int vhost_dev_has_iommu(struct vhost_dev *dev)
310 {
311     VirtIODevice *vdev = dev->vdev;
312 
313     /*
314      * For vhost, VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM means the backend support
315      * incremental memory mapping API via IOTLB API. For platform that
316      * does not have IOMMU, there's no need to enable this feature
317      * which may cause unnecessary IOTLB miss/update transactions.
318      */
319     return virtio_bus_device_iommu_enabled(vdev) &&
320            virtio_host_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM);
321 }
322 
323 static void *vhost_memory_map(struct vhost_dev *dev, hwaddr addr,
324                               hwaddr *plen, bool is_write)
325 {
326     if (!vhost_dev_has_iommu(dev)) {
327         return cpu_physical_memory_map(addr, plen, is_write);
328     } else {
329         return (void *)(uintptr_t)addr;
330     }
331 }
332 
333 static void vhost_memory_unmap(struct vhost_dev *dev, void *buffer,
334                                hwaddr len, int is_write,
335                                hwaddr access_len)
336 {
337     if (!vhost_dev_has_iommu(dev)) {
338         cpu_physical_memory_unmap(buffer, len, is_write, access_len);
339     }
340 }
341 
342 static int vhost_verify_ring_part_mapping(void *ring_hva,
343                                           uint64_t ring_gpa,
344                                           uint64_t ring_size,
345                                           void *reg_hva,
346                                           uint64_t reg_gpa,
347                                           uint64_t reg_size)
348 {
349     uint64_t hva_ring_offset;
350     uint64_t ring_last = range_get_last(ring_gpa, ring_size);
351     uint64_t reg_last = range_get_last(reg_gpa, reg_size);
352 
353     if (ring_last < reg_gpa || ring_gpa > reg_last) {
354         return 0;
355     }
356     /* check that whole ring's is mapped */
357     if (ring_last > reg_last) {
358         return -ENOMEM;
359     }
360     /* check that ring's MemoryRegion wasn't replaced */
361     hva_ring_offset = ring_gpa - reg_gpa;
362     if (ring_hva != reg_hva + hva_ring_offset) {
363         return -EBUSY;
364     }
365 
366     return 0;
367 }
368 
369 static int vhost_verify_ring_mappings(struct vhost_dev *dev,
370                                       void *reg_hva,
371                                       uint64_t reg_gpa,
372                                       uint64_t reg_size)
373 {
374     int i, j;
375     int r = 0;
376     const char *part_name[] = {
377         "descriptor table",
378         "available ring",
379         "used ring"
380     };
381 
382     if (vhost_dev_has_iommu(dev)) {
383         return 0;
384     }
385 
386     for (i = 0; i < dev->nvqs; ++i) {
387         struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->vqs + i;
388 
389         if (vq->desc_phys == 0) {
390             continue;
391         }
392 
393         j = 0;
394         r = vhost_verify_ring_part_mapping(
395                 vq->desc, vq->desc_phys, vq->desc_size,
396                 reg_hva, reg_gpa, reg_size);
397         if (r) {
398             break;
399         }
400 
401         j++;
402         r = vhost_verify_ring_part_mapping(
403                 vq->avail, vq->avail_phys, vq->avail_size,
404                 reg_hva, reg_gpa, reg_size);
405         if (r) {
406             break;
407         }
408 
409         j++;
410         r = vhost_verify_ring_part_mapping(
411                 vq->used, vq->used_phys, vq->used_size,
412                 reg_hva, reg_gpa, reg_size);
413         if (r) {
414             break;
415         }
416     }
417 
418     if (r == -ENOMEM) {
419         error_report("Unable to map %s for ring %d", part_name[j], i);
420     } else if (r == -EBUSY) {
421         error_report("%s relocated for ring %d", part_name[j], i);
422     }
423     return r;
424 }
425 
426 /*
427  * vhost_section: identify sections needed for vhost access
428  *
429  * We only care about RAM sections here (where virtqueue and guest
430  * internals accessed by virtio might live). If we find one we still
431  * allow the backend to potentially filter it out of our list.
432  */
433 static bool vhost_section(struct vhost_dev *dev, MemoryRegionSection *section)
434 {
435     MemoryRegion *mr = section->mr;
436 
437     if (memory_region_is_ram(mr) && !memory_region_is_rom(mr)) {
438         uint8_t dirty_mask = memory_region_get_dirty_log_mask(mr);
439         uint8_t handled_dirty;
440 
441         /*
442          * Kernel based vhost doesn't handle any block which is doing
443          * dirty-tracking other than migration for which it has
444          * specific logging support. However for TCG the kernel never
445          * gets involved anyway so we can also ignore it's
446          * self-modiying code detection flags. However a vhost-user
447          * client could still confuse a TCG guest if it re-writes
448          * executable memory that has already been translated.
449          */
450         handled_dirty = (1 << DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION) |
451             (1 << DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE);
452 
453         if (dirty_mask & ~handled_dirty) {
454             trace_vhost_reject_section(mr->name, 1);
455             return false;
456         }
457 
458         if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_mem_section_filter &&
459             !dev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_mem_section_filter(dev, section)) {
460             trace_vhost_reject_section(mr->name, 2);
461             return false;
462         }
463 
464         trace_vhost_section(mr->name);
465         return true;
466     } else {
467         trace_vhost_reject_section(mr->name, 3);
468         return false;
469     }
470 }
471 
472 static void vhost_begin(MemoryListener *listener)
473 {
474     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
475                                          memory_listener);
476     dev->tmp_sections = NULL;
477     dev->n_tmp_sections = 0;
478 }
479 
480 static void vhost_commit(MemoryListener *listener)
481 {
482     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
483                                          memory_listener);
484     MemoryRegionSection *old_sections;
485     int n_old_sections;
486     uint64_t log_size;
487     size_t regions_size;
488     int r;
489     int i;
490     bool changed = false;
491 
492     /* Note we can be called before the device is started, but then
493      * starting the device calls set_mem_table, so we need to have
494      * built the data structures.
495      */
496     old_sections = dev->mem_sections;
497     n_old_sections = dev->n_mem_sections;
498     dev->mem_sections = dev->tmp_sections;
499     dev->n_mem_sections = dev->n_tmp_sections;
500 
501     if (dev->n_mem_sections != n_old_sections) {
502         changed = true;
503     } else {
504         /* Same size, lets check the contents */
505         for (int i = 0; i < n_old_sections; i++) {
506             if (!MemoryRegionSection_eq(&old_sections[i],
507                                         &dev->mem_sections[i])) {
508                 changed = true;
509                 break;
510             }
511         }
512     }
513 
514     trace_vhost_commit(dev->started, changed);
515     if (!changed) {
516         goto out;
517     }
518 
519     /* Rebuild the regions list from the new sections list */
520     regions_size = offsetof(struct vhost_memory, regions) +
521                        dev->n_mem_sections * sizeof dev->mem->regions[0];
522     dev->mem = g_realloc(dev->mem, regions_size);
523     dev->mem->nregions = dev->n_mem_sections;
524     used_memslots = dev->mem->nregions;
525     for (i = 0; i < dev->n_mem_sections; i++) {
526         struct vhost_memory_region *cur_vmr = dev->mem->regions + i;
527         struct MemoryRegionSection *mrs = dev->mem_sections + i;
528 
529         cur_vmr->guest_phys_addr = mrs->offset_within_address_space;
530         cur_vmr->memory_size     = int128_get64(mrs->size);
531         cur_vmr->userspace_addr  =
532             (uintptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(mrs->mr) +
533             mrs->offset_within_region;
534         cur_vmr->flags_padding   = 0;
535     }
536 
537     if (!dev->started) {
538         goto out;
539     }
540 
541     for (i = 0; i < dev->mem->nregions; i++) {
542         if (vhost_verify_ring_mappings(dev,
543                        (void *)(uintptr_t)dev->mem->regions[i].userspace_addr,
544                        dev->mem->regions[i].guest_phys_addr,
545                        dev->mem->regions[i].memory_size)) {
546             error_report("Verify ring failure on region %d", i);
547             abort();
548         }
549     }
550 
551     if (!dev->log_enabled) {
552         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_mem_table(dev, dev->mem);
553         if (r < 0) {
554             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_mem_table failed");
555         }
556         goto out;
557     }
558     log_size = vhost_get_log_size(dev);
559     /* We allocate an extra 4K bytes to log,
560      * to reduce the * number of reallocations. */
561 #define VHOST_LOG_BUFFER (0x1000 / sizeof *dev->log)
562     /* To log more, must increase log size before table update. */
563     if (dev->log_size < log_size) {
564         vhost_dev_log_resize(dev, log_size + VHOST_LOG_BUFFER);
565     }
566     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_mem_table(dev, dev->mem);
567     if (r < 0) {
568         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_mem_table failed");
569     }
570     /* To log less, can only decrease log size after table update. */
571     if (dev->log_size > log_size + VHOST_LOG_BUFFER) {
572         vhost_dev_log_resize(dev, log_size);
573     }
574 
575 out:
576     /* Deref the old list of sections, this must happen _after_ the
577      * vhost_set_mem_table to ensure the client isn't still using the
578      * section we're about to unref.
579      */
580     while (n_old_sections--) {
581         memory_region_unref(old_sections[n_old_sections].mr);
582     }
583     g_free(old_sections);
584     return;
585 }
586 
587 /* Adds the section data to the tmp_section structure.
588  * It relies on the listener calling us in memory address order
589  * and for each region (via the _add and _nop methods) to
590  * join neighbours.
591  */
592 static void vhost_region_add_section(struct vhost_dev *dev,
593                                      MemoryRegionSection *section)
594 {
595     bool need_add = true;
596     uint64_t mrs_size = int128_get64(section->size);
597     uint64_t mrs_gpa = section->offset_within_address_space;
598     uintptr_t mrs_host = (uintptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(section->mr) +
599                          section->offset_within_region;
600     RAMBlock *mrs_rb = section->mr->ram_block;
601 
602     trace_vhost_region_add_section(section->mr->name, mrs_gpa, mrs_size,
603                                    mrs_host);
604 
605     if (dev->vhost_ops->backend_type == VHOST_BACKEND_TYPE_USER) {
606         /* Round the section to it's page size */
607         /* First align the start down to a page boundary */
608         size_t mrs_page = qemu_ram_pagesize(mrs_rb);
609         uint64_t alignage = mrs_host & (mrs_page - 1);
610         if (alignage) {
611             mrs_host -= alignage;
612             mrs_size += alignage;
613             mrs_gpa  -= alignage;
614         }
615         /* Now align the size up to a page boundary */
616         alignage = mrs_size & (mrs_page - 1);
617         if (alignage) {
618             mrs_size += mrs_page - alignage;
619         }
620         trace_vhost_region_add_section_aligned(section->mr->name, mrs_gpa,
621                                                mrs_size, mrs_host);
622     }
623 
624     if (dev->n_tmp_sections) {
625         /* Since we already have at least one section, lets see if
626          * this extends it; since we're scanning in order, we only
627          * have to look at the last one, and the FlatView that calls
628          * us shouldn't have overlaps.
629          */
630         MemoryRegionSection *prev_sec = dev->tmp_sections +
631                                                (dev->n_tmp_sections - 1);
632         uint64_t prev_gpa_start = prev_sec->offset_within_address_space;
633         uint64_t prev_size = int128_get64(prev_sec->size);
634         uint64_t prev_gpa_end   = range_get_last(prev_gpa_start, prev_size);
635         uint64_t prev_host_start =
636                         (uintptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(prev_sec->mr) +
637                         prev_sec->offset_within_region;
638         uint64_t prev_host_end   = range_get_last(prev_host_start, prev_size);
639 
640         if (mrs_gpa <= (prev_gpa_end + 1)) {
641             /* OK, looks like overlapping/intersecting - it's possible that
642              * the rounding to page sizes has made them overlap, but they should
643              * match up in the same RAMBlock if they do.
644              */
645             if (mrs_gpa < prev_gpa_start) {
646                 error_report("%s:Section '%s' rounded to %"PRIx64
647                              " prior to previous '%s' %"PRIx64,
648                              __func__, section->mr->name, mrs_gpa,
649                              prev_sec->mr->name, prev_gpa_start);
650                 /* A way to cleanly fail here would be better */
651                 return;
652             }
653             /* Offset from the start of the previous GPA to this GPA */
654             size_t offset = mrs_gpa - prev_gpa_start;
655 
656             if (prev_host_start + offset == mrs_host &&
657                 section->mr == prev_sec->mr &&
658                 (!dev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_can_merge ||
659                  dev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_can_merge(dev,
660                     mrs_host, mrs_size,
661                     prev_host_start, prev_size))) {
662                 uint64_t max_end = MAX(prev_host_end, mrs_host + mrs_size);
663                 need_add = false;
664                 prev_sec->offset_within_address_space =
665                     MIN(prev_gpa_start, mrs_gpa);
666                 prev_sec->offset_within_region =
667                     MIN(prev_host_start, mrs_host) -
668                     (uintptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(prev_sec->mr);
669                 prev_sec->size = int128_make64(max_end - MIN(prev_host_start,
670                                                mrs_host));
671                 trace_vhost_region_add_section_merge(section->mr->name,
672                                         int128_get64(prev_sec->size),
673                                         prev_sec->offset_within_address_space,
674                                         prev_sec->offset_within_region);
675             } else {
676                 /* adjoining regions are fine, but overlapping ones with
677                  * different blocks/offsets shouldn't happen
678                  */
679                 if (mrs_gpa != prev_gpa_end + 1) {
680                     error_report("%s: Overlapping but not coherent sections "
681                                  "at %"PRIx64,
682                                  __func__, mrs_gpa);
683                     return;
684                 }
685             }
686         }
687     }
688 
689     if (need_add) {
690         ++dev->n_tmp_sections;
691         dev->tmp_sections = g_renew(MemoryRegionSection, dev->tmp_sections,
692                                     dev->n_tmp_sections);
693         dev->tmp_sections[dev->n_tmp_sections - 1] = *section;
694         /* The flatview isn't stable and we don't use it, making it NULL
695          * means we can memcmp the list.
696          */
697         dev->tmp_sections[dev->n_tmp_sections - 1].fv = NULL;
698         memory_region_ref(section->mr);
699     }
700 }
701 
702 /* Used for both add and nop callbacks */
703 static void vhost_region_addnop(MemoryListener *listener,
704                                 MemoryRegionSection *section)
705 {
706     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
707                                          memory_listener);
708 
709     if (!vhost_section(dev, section)) {
710         return;
711     }
712     vhost_region_add_section(dev, section);
713 }
714 
715 static void vhost_iommu_unmap_notify(IOMMUNotifier *n, IOMMUTLBEntry *iotlb)
716 {
717     struct vhost_iommu *iommu = container_of(n, struct vhost_iommu, n);
718     struct vhost_dev *hdev = iommu->hdev;
719     hwaddr iova = iotlb->iova + iommu->iommu_offset;
720 
721     if (vhost_backend_invalidate_device_iotlb(hdev, iova,
722                                               iotlb->addr_mask + 1)) {
723         error_report("Fail to invalidate device iotlb");
724     }
725 }
726 
727 static void vhost_iommu_region_add(MemoryListener *listener,
728                                    MemoryRegionSection *section)
729 {
730     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
731                                          iommu_listener);
732     struct vhost_iommu *iommu;
733     Int128 end;
734     int iommu_idx;
735     IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu_mr;
736     int ret;
737 
738     if (!memory_region_is_iommu(section->mr)) {
739         return;
740     }
741 
742     iommu_mr = IOMMU_MEMORY_REGION(section->mr);
743 
744     iommu = g_malloc0(sizeof(*iommu));
745     end = int128_add(int128_make64(section->offset_within_region),
746                      section->size);
747     end = int128_sub(end, int128_one());
748     iommu_idx = memory_region_iommu_attrs_to_index(iommu_mr,
749                                                    MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
750     iommu_notifier_init(&iommu->n, vhost_iommu_unmap_notify,
751                         IOMMU_NOTIFIER_DEVIOTLB_UNMAP,
752                         section->offset_within_region,
753                         int128_get64(end),
754                         iommu_idx);
755     iommu->mr = section->mr;
756     iommu->iommu_offset = section->offset_within_address_space -
757                           section->offset_within_region;
758     iommu->hdev = dev;
759     ret = memory_region_register_iommu_notifier(section->mr, &iommu->n, NULL);
760     if (ret) {
761         /*
762          * Some vIOMMUs do not support dev-iotlb yet.  If so, try to use the
763          * UNMAP legacy message
764          */
765         iommu->n.notifier_flags = IOMMU_NOTIFIER_UNMAP;
766         memory_region_register_iommu_notifier(section->mr, &iommu->n,
767                                               &error_fatal);
768     }
769     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&dev->iommu_list, iommu, iommu_next);
770     /* TODO: can replay help performance here? */
771 }
772 
773 static void vhost_iommu_region_del(MemoryListener *listener,
774                                    MemoryRegionSection *section)
775 {
776     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
777                                          iommu_listener);
778     struct vhost_iommu *iommu;
779 
780     if (!memory_region_is_iommu(section->mr)) {
781         return;
782     }
783 
784     QLIST_FOREACH(iommu, &dev->iommu_list, iommu_next) {
785         if (iommu->mr == section->mr &&
786             iommu->n.start == section->offset_within_region) {
787             memory_region_unregister_iommu_notifier(iommu->mr,
788                                                     &iommu->n);
789             QLIST_REMOVE(iommu, iommu_next);
790             g_free(iommu);
791             break;
792         }
793     }
794 }
795 
796 static int vhost_virtqueue_set_addr(struct vhost_dev *dev,
797                                     struct vhost_virtqueue *vq,
798                                     unsigned idx, bool enable_log)
799 {
800     struct vhost_vring_addr addr;
801     int r;
802     memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct vhost_vring_addr));
803 
804     if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_vq_get_addr) {
805         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_vq_get_addr(dev, &addr, vq);
806         if (r < 0) {
807             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_vq_get_addr failed");
808             return r;
809         }
810     } else {
811         addr.desc_user_addr = (uint64_t)(unsigned long)vq->desc;
812         addr.avail_user_addr = (uint64_t)(unsigned long)vq->avail;
813         addr.used_user_addr = (uint64_t)(unsigned long)vq->used;
814     }
815     addr.index = idx;
816     addr.log_guest_addr = vq->used_phys;
817     addr.flags = enable_log ? (1 << VHOST_VRING_F_LOG) : 0;
818     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_addr(dev, &addr);
819     if (r < 0) {
820         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_vring_addr failed");
821     }
822     return r;
823 }
824 
825 static int vhost_dev_set_features(struct vhost_dev *dev,
826                                   bool enable_log)
827 {
828     uint64_t features = dev->acked_features;
829     int r;
830     if (enable_log) {
831         features |= 0x1ULL << VHOST_F_LOG_ALL;
832     }
833     if (!vhost_dev_has_iommu(dev)) {
834         features &= ~(0x1ULL << VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM);
835     }
836     if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_force_iommu) {
837         if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_force_iommu(dev) == true) {
838             features |= 0x1ULL << VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM;
839        }
840     }
841     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_features(dev, features);
842     if (r < 0) {
843         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_features failed");
844         goto out;
845     }
846     if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_backend_cap) {
847         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_backend_cap(dev);
848         if (r < 0) {
849             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_backend_cap failed");
850             goto out;
851         }
852     }
853 
854 out:
855     return r;
856 }
857 
858 static int vhost_dev_set_log(struct vhost_dev *dev, bool enable_log)
859 {
860     int r, i, idx;
861     hwaddr addr;
862 
863     r = vhost_dev_set_features(dev, enable_log);
864     if (r < 0) {
865         goto err_features;
866     }
867     for (i = 0; i < dev->nvqs; ++i) {
868         idx = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, dev->vq_index + i);
869         addr = virtio_queue_get_desc_addr(dev->vdev, idx);
870         if (!addr) {
871             /*
872              * The queue might not be ready for start. If this
873              * is the case there is no reason to continue the process.
874              * The similar logic is used by the vhost_virtqueue_start()
875              * routine.
876              */
877             continue;
878         }
879         r = vhost_virtqueue_set_addr(dev, dev->vqs + i, idx,
880                                      enable_log);
881         if (r < 0) {
882             goto err_vq;
883         }
884     }
885     return 0;
886 err_vq:
887     for (; i >= 0; --i) {
888         idx = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, dev->vq_index + i);
889         addr = virtio_queue_get_desc_addr(dev->vdev, idx);
890         if (!addr) {
891             continue;
892         }
893         vhost_virtqueue_set_addr(dev, dev->vqs + i, idx,
894                                  dev->log_enabled);
895     }
896     vhost_dev_set_features(dev, dev->log_enabled);
897 err_features:
898     return r;
899 }
900 
901 static int vhost_migration_log(MemoryListener *listener, bool enable)
902 {
903     struct vhost_dev *dev = container_of(listener, struct vhost_dev,
904                                          memory_listener);
905     int r;
906     if (enable == dev->log_enabled) {
907         return 0;
908     }
909     if (!dev->started) {
910         dev->log_enabled = enable;
911         return 0;
912     }
913 
914     r = 0;
915     if (!enable) {
916         r = vhost_dev_set_log(dev, false);
917         if (r < 0) {
918             goto check_dev_state;
919         }
920         vhost_log_put(dev, false);
921     } else {
922         vhost_dev_log_resize(dev, vhost_get_log_size(dev));
923         r = vhost_dev_set_log(dev, true);
924         if (r < 0) {
925             goto check_dev_state;
926         }
927     }
928 
929 check_dev_state:
930     dev->log_enabled = enable;
931     /*
932      * vhost-user-* devices could change their state during log
933      * initialization due to disconnect. So check dev state after
934      * vhost communication.
935      */
936     if (!dev->started) {
937         /*
938          * Since device is in the stopped state, it is okay for
939          * migration. Return success.
940          */
941         r = 0;
942     }
943     if (r) {
944         /* An error occurred. */
945         dev->log_enabled = false;
946     }
947 
948     return r;
949 }
950 
951 static void vhost_log_global_start(MemoryListener *listener)
952 {
953     int r;
954 
955     r = vhost_migration_log(listener, true);
956     if (r < 0) {
957         abort();
958     }
959 }
960 
961 static void vhost_log_global_stop(MemoryListener *listener)
962 {
963     int r;
964 
965     r = vhost_migration_log(listener, false);
966     if (r < 0) {
967         abort();
968     }
969 }
970 
971 static void vhost_log_start(MemoryListener *listener,
972                             MemoryRegionSection *section,
973                             int old, int new)
974 {
975     /* FIXME: implement */
976 }
977 
978 static void vhost_log_stop(MemoryListener *listener,
979                            MemoryRegionSection *section,
980                            int old, int new)
981 {
982     /* FIXME: implement */
983 }
984 
985 /* The vhost driver natively knows how to handle the vrings of non
986  * cross-endian legacy devices and modern devices. Only legacy devices
987  * exposed to a bi-endian guest may require the vhost driver to use a
988  * specific endianness.
989  */
990 static inline bool vhost_needs_vring_endian(VirtIODevice *vdev)
991 {
992     if (virtio_vdev_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_F_VERSION_1)) {
993         return false;
994     }
995 #if HOST_BIG_ENDIAN
996     return vdev->device_endian == VIRTIO_DEVICE_ENDIAN_LITTLE;
997 #else
998     return vdev->device_endian == VIRTIO_DEVICE_ENDIAN_BIG;
999 #endif
1000 }
1001 
1002 static int vhost_virtqueue_set_vring_endian_legacy(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1003                                                    bool is_big_endian,
1004                                                    int vhost_vq_index)
1005 {
1006     int r;
1007     struct vhost_vring_state s = {
1008         .index = vhost_vq_index,
1009         .num = is_big_endian
1010     };
1011 
1012     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_endian(dev, &s);
1013     if (r < 0) {
1014         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_vring_endian failed");
1015     }
1016     return r;
1017 }
1018 
1019 static int vhost_memory_region_lookup(struct vhost_dev *hdev,
1020                                       uint64_t gpa, uint64_t *uaddr,
1021                                       uint64_t *len)
1022 {
1023     int i;
1024 
1025     for (i = 0; i < hdev->mem->nregions; i++) {
1026         struct vhost_memory_region *reg = hdev->mem->regions + i;
1027 
1028         if (gpa >= reg->guest_phys_addr &&
1029             reg->guest_phys_addr + reg->memory_size > gpa) {
1030             *uaddr = reg->userspace_addr + gpa - reg->guest_phys_addr;
1031             *len = reg->guest_phys_addr + reg->memory_size - gpa;
1032             return 0;
1033         }
1034     }
1035 
1036     return -EFAULT;
1037 }
1038 
1039 int vhost_device_iotlb_miss(struct vhost_dev *dev, uint64_t iova, int write)
1040 {
1041     IOMMUTLBEntry iotlb;
1042     uint64_t uaddr, len;
1043     int ret = -EFAULT;
1044 
1045     RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD();
1046 
1047     trace_vhost_iotlb_miss(dev, 1);
1048 
1049     iotlb = address_space_get_iotlb_entry(dev->vdev->dma_as,
1050                                           iova, write,
1051                                           MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED);
1052     if (iotlb.target_as != NULL) {
1053         ret = vhost_memory_region_lookup(dev, iotlb.translated_addr,
1054                                          &uaddr, &len);
1055         if (ret) {
1056             trace_vhost_iotlb_miss(dev, 3);
1057             error_report("Fail to lookup the translated address "
1058                          "%"PRIx64, iotlb.translated_addr);
1059             goto out;
1060         }
1061 
1062         len = MIN(iotlb.addr_mask + 1, len);
1063         iova = iova & ~iotlb.addr_mask;
1064 
1065         ret = vhost_backend_update_device_iotlb(dev, iova, uaddr,
1066                                                 len, iotlb.perm);
1067         if (ret) {
1068             trace_vhost_iotlb_miss(dev, 4);
1069             error_report("Fail to update device iotlb");
1070             goto out;
1071         }
1072     }
1073 
1074     trace_vhost_iotlb_miss(dev, 2);
1075 
1076 out:
1077     return ret;
1078 }
1079 
1080 static int vhost_virtqueue_start(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1081                                 struct VirtIODevice *vdev,
1082                                 struct vhost_virtqueue *vq,
1083                                 unsigned idx)
1084 {
1085     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(vdev)));
1086     VirtioBusState *vbus = VIRTIO_BUS(qbus);
1087     VirtioBusClass *k = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(vbus);
1088     hwaddr s, l, a;
1089     int r;
1090     int vhost_vq_index = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, idx);
1091     struct vhost_vring_file file = {
1092         .index = vhost_vq_index
1093     };
1094     struct vhost_vring_state state = {
1095         .index = vhost_vq_index
1096     };
1097     struct VirtQueue *vvq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, idx);
1098 
1099     a = virtio_queue_get_desc_addr(vdev, idx);
1100     if (a == 0) {
1101         /* Queue might not be ready for start */
1102         return 0;
1103     }
1104 
1105     vq->num = state.num = virtio_queue_get_num(vdev, idx);
1106     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_num(dev, &state);
1107     if (r) {
1108         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_vring_num failed");
1109         return r;
1110     }
1111 
1112     state.num = virtio_queue_get_last_avail_idx(vdev, idx);
1113     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_base(dev, &state);
1114     if (r) {
1115         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_vring_base failed");
1116         return r;
1117     }
1118 
1119     if (vhost_needs_vring_endian(vdev)) {
1120         r = vhost_virtqueue_set_vring_endian_legacy(dev,
1121                                                     virtio_is_big_endian(vdev),
1122                                                     vhost_vq_index);
1123         if (r) {
1124             return r;
1125         }
1126     }
1127 
1128     vq->desc_size = s = l = virtio_queue_get_desc_size(vdev, idx);
1129     vq->desc_phys = a;
1130     vq->desc = vhost_memory_map(dev, a, &l, false);
1131     if (!vq->desc || l != s) {
1132         r = -ENOMEM;
1133         goto fail_alloc_desc;
1134     }
1135     vq->avail_size = s = l = virtio_queue_get_avail_size(vdev, idx);
1136     vq->avail_phys = a = virtio_queue_get_avail_addr(vdev, idx);
1137     vq->avail = vhost_memory_map(dev, a, &l, false);
1138     if (!vq->avail || l != s) {
1139         r = -ENOMEM;
1140         goto fail_alloc_avail;
1141     }
1142     vq->used_size = s = l = virtio_queue_get_used_size(vdev, idx);
1143     vq->used_phys = a = virtio_queue_get_used_addr(vdev, idx);
1144     vq->used = vhost_memory_map(dev, a, &l, true);
1145     if (!vq->used || l != s) {
1146         r = -ENOMEM;
1147         goto fail_alloc_used;
1148     }
1149 
1150     r = vhost_virtqueue_set_addr(dev, vq, vhost_vq_index, dev->log_enabled);
1151     if (r < 0) {
1152         goto fail_alloc;
1153     }
1154 
1155     file.fd = event_notifier_get_fd(virtio_queue_get_host_notifier(vvq));
1156     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_kick(dev, &file);
1157     if (r) {
1158         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_vring_kick failed");
1159         goto fail_kick;
1160     }
1161 
1162     /* Clear and discard previous events if any. */
1163     event_notifier_test_and_clear(&vq->masked_notifier);
1164 
1165     /* Init vring in unmasked state, unless guest_notifier_mask
1166      * will do it later.
1167      */
1168     if (!vdev->use_guest_notifier_mask) {
1169         /* TODO: check and handle errors. */
1170         vhost_virtqueue_mask(dev, vdev, idx, false);
1171     }
1172 
1173     if (k->query_guest_notifiers &&
1174         k->query_guest_notifiers(qbus->parent) &&
1175         virtio_queue_vector(vdev, idx) == VIRTIO_NO_VECTOR) {
1176         file.fd = -1;
1177         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_call(dev, &file);
1178         if (r) {
1179             goto fail_vector;
1180         }
1181     }
1182 
1183     return 0;
1184 
1185 fail_vector:
1186 fail_kick:
1187 fail_alloc:
1188     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->used, virtio_queue_get_used_size(vdev, idx),
1189                        0, 0);
1190 fail_alloc_used:
1191     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->avail, virtio_queue_get_avail_size(vdev, idx),
1192                        0, 0);
1193 fail_alloc_avail:
1194     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->desc, virtio_queue_get_desc_size(vdev, idx),
1195                        0, 0);
1196 fail_alloc_desc:
1197     return r;
1198 }
1199 
1200 static void vhost_virtqueue_stop(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1201                                     struct VirtIODevice *vdev,
1202                                     struct vhost_virtqueue *vq,
1203                                     unsigned idx)
1204 {
1205     int vhost_vq_index = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, idx);
1206     struct vhost_vring_state state = {
1207         .index = vhost_vq_index,
1208     };
1209     int r;
1210 
1211     if (virtio_queue_get_desc_addr(vdev, idx) == 0) {
1212         /* Don't stop the virtqueue which might have not been started */
1213         return;
1214     }
1215 
1216     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vring_base(dev, &state);
1217     if (r < 0) {
1218         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost VQ %u ring restore failed: %d", idx, r);
1219         /* Connection to the backend is broken, so let's sync internal
1220          * last avail idx to the device used idx.
1221          */
1222         virtio_queue_restore_last_avail_idx(vdev, idx);
1223     } else {
1224         virtio_queue_set_last_avail_idx(vdev, idx, state.num);
1225     }
1226     virtio_queue_invalidate_signalled_used(vdev, idx);
1227     virtio_queue_update_used_idx(vdev, idx);
1228 
1229     /* In the cross-endian case, we need to reset the vring endianness to
1230      * native as legacy devices expect so by default.
1231      */
1232     if (vhost_needs_vring_endian(vdev)) {
1233         vhost_virtqueue_set_vring_endian_legacy(dev,
1234                                                 !virtio_is_big_endian(vdev),
1235                                                 vhost_vq_index);
1236     }
1237 
1238     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->used, virtio_queue_get_used_size(vdev, idx),
1239                        1, virtio_queue_get_used_size(vdev, idx));
1240     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->avail, virtio_queue_get_avail_size(vdev, idx),
1241                        0, virtio_queue_get_avail_size(vdev, idx));
1242     vhost_memory_unmap(dev, vq->desc, virtio_queue_get_desc_size(vdev, idx),
1243                        0, virtio_queue_get_desc_size(vdev, idx));
1244 }
1245 
1246 static void vhost_eventfd_add(MemoryListener *listener,
1247                               MemoryRegionSection *section,
1248                               bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e)
1249 {
1250 }
1251 
1252 static void vhost_eventfd_del(MemoryListener *listener,
1253                               MemoryRegionSection *section,
1254                               bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e)
1255 {
1256 }
1257 
1258 static int vhost_virtqueue_set_busyloop_timeout(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1259                                                 int n, uint32_t timeout)
1260 {
1261     int vhost_vq_index = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, n);
1262     struct vhost_vring_state state = {
1263         .index = vhost_vq_index,
1264         .num = timeout,
1265     };
1266     int r;
1267 
1268     if (!dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_busyloop_timeout) {
1269         return -EINVAL;
1270     }
1271 
1272     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_busyloop_timeout(dev, &state);
1273     if (r) {
1274         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_vring_busyloop_timeout failed");
1275         return r;
1276     }
1277 
1278     return 0;
1279 }
1280 
1281 static int vhost_virtqueue_init(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1282                                 struct vhost_virtqueue *vq, int n)
1283 {
1284     int vhost_vq_index = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(dev, n);
1285     struct vhost_vring_file file = {
1286         .index = vhost_vq_index,
1287     };
1288     int r = event_notifier_init(&vq->masked_notifier, 0);
1289     if (r < 0) {
1290         return r;
1291     }
1292 
1293     file.fd = event_notifier_get_wfd(&vq->masked_notifier);
1294     r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_call(dev, &file);
1295     if (r) {
1296         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_vring_call failed");
1297         goto fail_call;
1298     }
1299 
1300     vq->dev = dev;
1301 
1302     return 0;
1303 fail_call:
1304     event_notifier_cleanup(&vq->masked_notifier);
1305     return r;
1306 }
1307 
1308 static void vhost_virtqueue_cleanup(struct vhost_virtqueue *vq)
1309 {
1310     event_notifier_cleanup(&vq->masked_notifier);
1311 }
1312 
1313 int vhost_dev_init(struct vhost_dev *hdev, void *opaque,
1314                    VhostBackendType backend_type, uint32_t busyloop_timeout,
1315                    Error **errp)
1316 {
1317     uint64_t features;
1318     int i, r, n_initialized_vqs = 0;
1319 
1320     hdev->vdev = NULL;
1321     hdev->migration_blocker = NULL;
1322 
1323     r = vhost_set_backend_type(hdev, backend_type);
1324     assert(r >= 0);
1325 
1326     r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_init(hdev, opaque, errp);
1327     if (r < 0) {
1328         goto fail;
1329     }
1330 
1331     r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_owner(hdev);
1332     if (r < 0) {
1333         error_setg_errno(errp, -r, "vhost_set_owner failed");
1334         goto fail;
1335     }
1336 
1337     r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_features(hdev, &features);
1338     if (r < 0) {
1339         error_setg_errno(errp, -r, "vhost_get_features failed");
1340         goto fail;
1341     }
1342 
1343     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i, ++n_initialized_vqs) {
1344         r = vhost_virtqueue_init(hdev, hdev->vqs + i, hdev->vq_index + i);
1345         if (r < 0) {
1346             error_setg_errno(errp, -r, "Failed to initialize virtqueue %d", i);
1347             goto fail;
1348         }
1349     }
1350 
1351     if (busyloop_timeout) {
1352         for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1353             r = vhost_virtqueue_set_busyloop_timeout(hdev, hdev->vq_index + i,
1354                                                      busyloop_timeout);
1355             if (r < 0) {
1356                 error_setg_errno(errp, -r, "Failed to set busyloop timeout");
1357                 goto fail_busyloop;
1358             }
1359         }
1360     }
1361 
1362     hdev->features = features;
1363 
1364     hdev->memory_listener = (MemoryListener) {
1365         .name = "vhost",
1366         .begin = vhost_begin,
1367         .commit = vhost_commit,
1368         .region_add = vhost_region_addnop,
1369         .region_nop = vhost_region_addnop,
1370         .log_start = vhost_log_start,
1371         .log_stop = vhost_log_stop,
1372         .log_sync = vhost_log_sync,
1373         .log_global_start = vhost_log_global_start,
1374         .log_global_stop = vhost_log_global_stop,
1375         .eventfd_add = vhost_eventfd_add,
1376         .eventfd_del = vhost_eventfd_del,
1377         .priority = 10
1378     };
1379 
1380     hdev->iommu_listener = (MemoryListener) {
1381         .name = "vhost-iommu",
1382         .region_add = vhost_iommu_region_add,
1383         .region_del = vhost_iommu_region_del,
1384     };
1385 
1386     if (hdev->migration_blocker == NULL) {
1387         if (!(hdev->features & (0x1ULL << VHOST_F_LOG_ALL))) {
1388             error_setg(&hdev->migration_blocker,
1389                        "Migration disabled: vhost lacks VHOST_F_LOG_ALL feature.");
1390         } else if (vhost_dev_log_is_shared(hdev) && !qemu_memfd_alloc_check()) {
1391             error_setg(&hdev->migration_blocker,
1392                        "Migration disabled: failed to allocate shared memory");
1393         }
1394     }
1395 
1396     if (hdev->migration_blocker != NULL) {
1397         r = migrate_add_blocker(hdev->migration_blocker, errp);
1398         if (r < 0) {
1399             error_free(hdev->migration_blocker);
1400             goto fail_busyloop;
1401         }
1402     }
1403 
1404     hdev->mem = g_malloc0(offsetof(struct vhost_memory, regions));
1405     hdev->n_mem_sections = 0;
1406     hdev->mem_sections = NULL;
1407     hdev->log = NULL;
1408     hdev->log_size = 0;
1409     hdev->log_enabled = false;
1410     hdev->started = false;
1411     memory_listener_register(&hdev->memory_listener, &address_space_memory);
1412     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&vhost_devices, hdev, entry);
1413 
1414     if (used_memslots > hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_memslots_limit(hdev)) {
1415         error_setg(errp, "vhost backend memory slots limit is less"
1416                    " than current number of present memory slots");
1417         r = -EINVAL;
1418         goto fail_busyloop;
1419     }
1420 
1421     return 0;
1422 
1423 fail_busyloop:
1424     if (busyloop_timeout) {
1425         while (--i >= 0) {
1426             vhost_virtqueue_set_busyloop_timeout(hdev, hdev->vq_index + i, 0);
1427         }
1428     }
1429 fail:
1430     hdev->nvqs = n_initialized_vqs;
1431     vhost_dev_cleanup(hdev);
1432     return r;
1433 }
1434 
1435 void vhost_dev_cleanup(struct vhost_dev *hdev)
1436 {
1437     int i;
1438 
1439     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1440         vhost_virtqueue_cleanup(hdev->vqs + i);
1441     }
1442     if (hdev->mem) {
1443         /* those are only safe after successful init */
1444         memory_listener_unregister(&hdev->memory_listener);
1445         QLIST_REMOVE(hdev, entry);
1446     }
1447     if (hdev->migration_blocker) {
1448         migrate_del_blocker(hdev->migration_blocker);
1449         error_free(hdev->migration_blocker);
1450     }
1451     g_free(hdev->mem);
1452     g_free(hdev->mem_sections);
1453     if (hdev->vhost_ops) {
1454         hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_backend_cleanup(hdev);
1455     }
1456     assert(!hdev->log);
1457 
1458     memset(hdev, 0, sizeof(struct vhost_dev));
1459 }
1460 
1461 /* Stop processing guest IO notifications in qemu.
1462  * Start processing them in vhost in kernel.
1463  */
1464 int vhost_dev_enable_notifiers(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
1465 {
1466     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(vdev)));
1467     int i, r, e;
1468 
1469     /* We will pass the notifiers to the kernel, make sure that QEMU
1470      * doesn't interfere.
1471      */
1472     r = virtio_device_grab_ioeventfd(vdev);
1473     if (r < 0) {
1474         error_report("binding does not support host notifiers");
1475         goto fail;
1476     }
1477 
1478     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1479         r = virtio_bus_set_host_notifier(VIRTIO_BUS(qbus), hdev->vq_index + i,
1480                                          true);
1481         if (r < 0) {
1482             error_report("vhost VQ %d notifier binding failed: %d", i, -r);
1483             goto fail_vq;
1484         }
1485     }
1486 
1487     return 0;
1488 fail_vq:
1489     while (--i >= 0) {
1490         e = virtio_bus_set_host_notifier(VIRTIO_BUS(qbus), hdev->vq_index + i,
1491                                          false);
1492         if (e < 0) {
1493             error_report("vhost VQ %d notifier cleanup error: %d", i, -r);
1494         }
1495         assert (e >= 0);
1496         virtio_bus_cleanup_host_notifier(VIRTIO_BUS(qbus), hdev->vq_index + i);
1497     }
1498     virtio_device_release_ioeventfd(vdev);
1499 fail:
1500     return r;
1501 }
1502 
1503 /* Stop processing guest IO notifications in vhost.
1504  * Start processing them in qemu.
1505  * This might actually run the qemu handlers right away,
1506  * so virtio in qemu must be completely setup when this is called.
1507  */
1508 void vhost_dev_disable_notifiers(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
1509 {
1510     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(vdev)));
1511     int i, r;
1512 
1513     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1514         r = virtio_bus_set_host_notifier(VIRTIO_BUS(qbus), hdev->vq_index + i,
1515                                          false);
1516         if (r < 0) {
1517             error_report("vhost VQ %d notifier cleanup failed: %d", i, -r);
1518         }
1519         assert (r >= 0);
1520         virtio_bus_cleanup_host_notifier(VIRTIO_BUS(qbus), hdev->vq_index + i);
1521     }
1522     virtio_device_release_ioeventfd(vdev);
1523 }
1524 
1525 /* Test and clear event pending status.
1526  * Should be called after unmask to avoid losing events.
1527  */
1528 bool vhost_virtqueue_pending(struct vhost_dev *hdev, int n)
1529 {
1530     struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = hdev->vqs + n - hdev->vq_index;
1531     assert(n >= hdev->vq_index && n < hdev->vq_index + hdev->nvqs);
1532     return event_notifier_test_and_clear(&vq->masked_notifier);
1533 }
1534 
1535 /* Mask/unmask events from this vq. */
1536 void vhost_virtqueue_mask(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev, int n,
1537                          bool mask)
1538 {
1539     struct VirtQueue *vvq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, n);
1540     int r, index = n - hdev->vq_index;
1541     struct vhost_vring_file file;
1542 
1543     /* should only be called after backend is connected */
1544     assert(hdev->vhost_ops);
1545 
1546     if (mask) {
1547         assert(vdev->use_guest_notifier_mask);
1548         file.fd = event_notifier_get_wfd(&hdev->vqs[index].masked_notifier);
1549     } else {
1550         file.fd = event_notifier_get_wfd(virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(vvq));
1551     }
1552 
1553     file.index = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_vq_index(hdev, n);
1554     r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_vring_call(hdev, &file);
1555     if (r < 0) {
1556         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_vring_call failed");
1557     }
1558 }
1559 
1560 uint64_t vhost_get_features(struct vhost_dev *hdev, const int *feature_bits,
1561                             uint64_t features)
1562 {
1563     const int *bit = feature_bits;
1564     while (*bit != VHOST_INVALID_FEATURE_BIT) {
1565         uint64_t bit_mask = (1ULL << *bit);
1566         if (!(hdev->features & bit_mask)) {
1567             features &= ~bit_mask;
1568         }
1569         bit++;
1570     }
1571     return features;
1572 }
1573 
1574 void vhost_ack_features(struct vhost_dev *hdev, const int *feature_bits,
1575                         uint64_t features)
1576 {
1577     const int *bit = feature_bits;
1578     while (*bit != VHOST_INVALID_FEATURE_BIT) {
1579         uint64_t bit_mask = (1ULL << *bit);
1580         if (features & bit_mask) {
1581             hdev->acked_features |= bit_mask;
1582         }
1583         bit++;
1584     }
1585 }
1586 
1587 int vhost_dev_get_config(struct vhost_dev *hdev, uint8_t *config,
1588                          uint32_t config_len, Error **errp)
1589 {
1590     assert(hdev->vhost_ops);
1591 
1592     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_config) {
1593         return hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_config(hdev, config, config_len,
1594                                                  errp);
1595     }
1596 
1597     error_setg(errp, "vhost_get_config not implemented");
1598     return -ENOSYS;
1599 }
1600 
1601 int vhost_dev_set_config(struct vhost_dev *hdev, const uint8_t *data,
1602                          uint32_t offset, uint32_t size, uint32_t flags)
1603 {
1604     assert(hdev->vhost_ops);
1605 
1606     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_config) {
1607         return hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_config(hdev, data, offset,
1608                                                  size, flags);
1609     }
1610 
1611     return -ENOSYS;
1612 }
1613 
1614 void vhost_dev_set_config_notifier(struct vhost_dev *hdev,
1615                                    const VhostDevConfigOps *ops)
1616 {
1617     hdev->config_ops = ops;
1618 }
1619 
1620 void vhost_dev_free_inflight(struct vhost_inflight *inflight)
1621 {
1622     if (inflight && inflight->addr) {
1623         qemu_memfd_free(inflight->addr, inflight->size, inflight->fd);
1624         inflight->addr = NULL;
1625         inflight->fd = -1;
1626     }
1627 }
1628 
1629 static int vhost_dev_resize_inflight(struct vhost_inflight *inflight,
1630                                      uint64_t new_size)
1631 {
1632     Error *err = NULL;
1633     int fd = -1;
1634     void *addr = qemu_memfd_alloc("vhost-inflight", new_size,
1635                                   F_SEAL_GROW | F_SEAL_SHRINK | F_SEAL_SEAL,
1636                                   &fd, &err);
1637 
1638     if (err) {
1639         error_report_err(err);
1640         return -ENOMEM;
1641     }
1642 
1643     vhost_dev_free_inflight(inflight);
1644     inflight->offset = 0;
1645     inflight->addr = addr;
1646     inflight->fd = fd;
1647     inflight->size = new_size;
1648 
1649     return 0;
1650 }
1651 
1652 void vhost_dev_save_inflight(struct vhost_inflight *inflight, QEMUFile *f)
1653 {
1654     if (inflight->addr) {
1655         qemu_put_be64(f, inflight->size);
1656         qemu_put_be16(f, inflight->queue_size);
1657         qemu_put_buffer(f, inflight->addr, inflight->size);
1658     } else {
1659         qemu_put_be64(f, 0);
1660     }
1661 }
1662 
1663 int vhost_dev_load_inflight(struct vhost_inflight *inflight, QEMUFile *f)
1664 {
1665     uint64_t size;
1666 
1667     size = qemu_get_be64(f);
1668     if (!size) {
1669         return 0;
1670     }
1671 
1672     if (inflight->size != size) {
1673         int ret = vhost_dev_resize_inflight(inflight, size);
1674         if (ret < 0) {
1675             return ret;
1676         }
1677     }
1678     inflight->queue_size = qemu_get_be16(f);
1679 
1680     qemu_get_buffer(f, inflight->addr, size);
1681 
1682     return 0;
1683 }
1684 
1685 int vhost_dev_prepare_inflight(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
1686 {
1687     int r;
1688 
1689     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_inflight_fd == NULL ||
1690         hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_inflight_fd == NULL) {
1691         return 0;
1692     }
1693 
1694     hdev->vdev = vdev;
1695 
1696     r = vhost_dev_set_features(hdev, hdev->log_enabled);
1697     if (r < 0) {
1698         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_dev_prepare_inflight failed");
1699         return r;
1700     }
1701 
1702     return 0;
1703 }
1704 
1705 int vhost_dev_set_inflight(struct vhost_dev *dev,
1706                            struct vhost_inflight *inflight)
1707 {
1708     int r;
1709 
1710     if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_inflight_fd && inflight->addr) {
1711         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_inflight_fd(dev, inflight);
1712         if (r) {
1713             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_inflight_fd failed");
1714             return r;
1715         }
1716     }
1717 
1718     return 0;
1719 }
1720 
1721 int vhost_dev_get_inflight(struct vhost_dev *dev, uint16_t queue_size,
1722                            struct vhost_inflight *inflight)
1723 {
1724     int r;
1725 
1726     if (dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_inflight_fd) {
1727         r = dev->vhost_ops->vhost_get_inflight_fd(dev, queue_size, inflight);
1728         if (r) {
1729             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_get_inflight_fd failed");
1730             return r;
1731         }
1732     }
1733 
1734     return 0;
1735 }
1736 
1737 /* Host notifiers must be enabled at this point. */
1738 int vhost_dev_start(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
1739 {
1740     int i, r;
1741 
1742     /* should only be called after backend is connected */
1743     assert(hdev->vhost_ops);
1744 
1745     vdev->vhost_started = true;
1746     hdev->started = true;
1747     hdev->vdev = vdev;
1748 
1749     r = vhost_dev_set_features(hdev, hdev->log_enabled);
1750     if (r < 0) {
1751         goto fail_features;
1752     }
1753 
1754     if (vhost_dev_has_iommu(hdev)) {
1755         memory_listener_register(&hdev->iommu_listener, vdev->dma_as);
1756     }
1757 
1758     r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_mem_table(hdev, hdev->mem);
1759     if (r < 0) {
1760         VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_mem_table failed");
1761         goto fail_mem;
1762     }
1763     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1764         r = vhost_virtqueue_start(hdev,
1765                                   vdev,
1766                                   hdev->vqs + i,
1767                                   hdev->vq_index + i);
1768         if (r < 0) {
1769             goto fail_vq;
1770         }
1771     }
1772 
1773     if (hdev->log_enabled) {
1774         uint64_t log_base;
1775 
1776         hdev->log_size = vhost_get_log_size(hdev);
1777         hdev->log = vhost_log_get(hdev->log_size,
1778                                   vhost_dev_log_is_shared(hdev));
1779         log_base = (uintptr_t)hdev->log->log;
1780         r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_log_base(hdev,
1781                                                 hdev->log_size ? log_base : 0,
1782                                                 hdev->log);
1783         if (r < 0) {
1784             VHOST_OPS_DEBUG(r, "vhost_set_log_base failed");
1785             goto fail_log;
1786         }
1787     }
1788     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_dev_start) {
1789         r = hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_dev_start(hdev, true);
1790         if (r) {
1791             goto fail_log;
1792         }
1793     }
1794     if (vhost_dev_has_iommu(hdev) &&
1795         hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_iotlb_callback) {
1796             hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_iotlb_callback(hdev, true);
1797 
1798         /* Update used ring information for IOTLB to work correctly,
1799          * vhost-kernel code requires for this.*/
1800         for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1801             struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = hdev->vqs + i;
1802             vhost_device_iotlb_miss(hdev, vq->used_phys, true);
1803         }
1804     }
1805     return 0;
1806 fail_log:
1807     vhost_log_put(hdev, false);
1808 fail_vq:
1809     while (--i >= 0) {
1810         vhost_virtqueue_stop(hdev,
1811                              vdev,
1812                              hdev->vqs + i,
1813                              hdev->vq_index + i);
1814     }
1815 
1816 fail_mem:
1817 fail_features:
1818     vdev->vhost_started = false;
1819     hdev->started = false;
1820     return r;
1821 }
1822 
1823 /* Host notifiers must be enabled at this point. */
1824 void vhost_dev_stop(struct vhost_dev *hdev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
1825 {
1826     int i;
1827 
1828     /* should only be called after backend is connected */
1829     assert(hdev->vhost_ops);
1830 
1831     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_dev_start) {
1832         hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_dev_start(hdev, false);
1833     }
1834     for (i = 0; i < hdev->nvqs; ++i) {
1835         vhost_virtqueue_stop(hdev,
1836                              vdev,
1837                              hdev->vqs + i,
1838                              hdev->vq_index + i);
1839     }
1840 
1841     if (vhost_dev_has_iommu(hdev)) {
1842         if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_iotlb_callback) {
1843             hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_set_iotlb_callback(hdev, false);
1844         }
1845         memory_listener_unregister(&hdev->iommu_listener);
1846     }
1847     vhost_log_put(hdev, true);
1848     hdev->started = false;
1849     vdev->vhost_started = false;
1850     hdev->vdev = NULL;
1851 }
1852 
1853 int vhost_net_set_backend(struct vhost_dev *hdev,
1854                           struct vhost_vring_file *file)
1855 {
1856     if (hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_net_set_backend) {
1857         return hdev->vhost_ops->vhost_net_set_backend(hdev, file);
1858     }
1859 
1860     return -ENOSYS;
1861 }
1862