xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/vfio/migration.c (revision 0098207e)
1 /*
2  * Migration support for VFIO devices
3  *
4  * Copyright NVIDIA, Inc. 2020
5  *
6  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
7  * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
8  */
9 
10 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
11 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
12 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
13 #include "qemu/units.h"
14 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
15 #include <linux/vfio.h>
16 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
17 
18 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
19 #include "hw/vfio/vfio-common.h"
20 #include "migration/misc.h"
21 #include "migration/savevm.h"
22 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
23 #include "migration/qemu-file.h"
24 #include "migration/register.h"
25 #include "migration/blocker.h"
26 #include "qapi/error.h"
27 #include "qapi/qapi-events-vfio.h"
28 #include "exec/ramlist.h"
29 #include "exec/ram_addr.h"
30 #include "pci.h"
31 #include "trace.h"
32 #include "hw/hw.h"
33 
34 /*
35  * Flags to be used as unique delimiters for VFIO devices in the migration
36  * stream. These flags are composed as:
37  * 0xffffffff => MSB 32-bit all 1s
38  * 0xef10     => Magic ID, represents emulated (virtual) function IO
39  * 0x0000     => 16-bits reserved for flags
40  *
41  * The beginning of state information is marked by _DEV_CONFIG_STATE,
42  * _DEV_SETUP_STATE, or _DEV_DATA_STATE, respectively. The end of a
43  * certain state information is marked by _END_OF_STATE.
44  */
45 #define VFIO_MIG_FLAG_END_OF_STATE      (0xffffffffef100001ULL)
46 #define VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_CONFIG_STATE  (0xffffffffef100002ULL)
47 #define VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_SETUP_STATE   (0xffffffffef100003ULL)
48 #define VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_DATA_STATE    (0xffffffffef100004ULL)
49 #define VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_INIT_DATA_SENT (0xffffffffef100005ULL)
50 
51 /*
52  * This is an arbitrary size based on migration of mlx5 devices, where typically
53  * total device migration size is on the order of 100s of MB. Testing with
54  * larger values, e.g. 128MB and 1GB, did not show a performance improvement.
55  */
56 #define VFIO_MIG_DEFAULT_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE (1 * MiB)
57 
58 static int64_t bytes_transferred;
59 
60 static const char *mig_state_to_str(enum vfio_device_mig_state state)
61 {
62     switch (state) {
63     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_ERROR:
64         return "ERROR";
65     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP:
66         return "STOP";
67     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING:
68         return "RUNNING";
69     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP_COPY:
70         return "STOP_COPY";
71     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RESUMING:
72         return "RESUMING";
73     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING_P2P:
74         return "RUNNING_P2P";
75     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_PRE_COPY:
76         return "PRE_COPY";
77     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_PRE_COPY_P2P:
78         return "PRE_COPY_P2P";
79     default:
80         return "UNKNOWN STATE";
81     }
82 }
83 
84 static VfioMigrationState
85 mig_state_to_qapi_state(enum vfio_device_mig_state state)
86 {
87     switch (state) {
88     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP:
89         return QAPI_VFIO_MIGRATION_STATE_STOP;
90     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING:
91         return QAPI_VFIO_MIGRATION_STATE_RUNNING;
92     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP_COPY:
93         return QAPI_VFIO_MIGRATION_STATE_STOP_COPY;
94     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RESUMING:
95         return QAPI_VFIO_MIGRATION_STATE_RESUMING;
96     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING_P2P:
97         return QAPI_VFIO_MIGRATION_STATE_RUNNING_P2P;
98     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_PRE_COPY:
99         return QAPI_VFIO_MIGRATION_STATE_PRE_COPY;
100     case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_PRE_COPY_P2P:
101         return QAPI_VFIO_MIGRATION_STATE_PRE_COPY_P2P;
102     default:
103         g_assert_not_reached();
104     }
105 }
106 
107 static void vfio_migration_send_event(VFIODevice *vbasedev)
108 {
109     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
110     DeviceState *dev = vbasedev->dev;
111     g_autofree char *qom_path = NULL;
112     Object *obj;
113 
114     if (!vbasedev->migration_events) {
115         return;
116     }
117 
118     g_assert(vbasedev->ops->vfio_get_object);
119     obj = vbasedev->ops->vfio_get_object(vbasedev);
120     g_assert(obj);
121     qom_path = object_get_canonical_path(obj);
122 
123     qapi_event_send_vfio_migration(
124         dev->id, qom_path, mig_state_to_qapi_state(migration->device_state));
125 }
126 
127 static void vfio_migration_set_device_state(VFIODevice *vbasedev,
128                                             enum vfio_device_mig_state state)
129 {
130     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
131 
132     trace_vfio_migration_set_device_state(vbasedev->name,
133                                           mig_state_to_str(state));
134 
135     migration->device_state = state;
136     vfio_migration_send_event(vbasedev);
137 }
138 
139 static int vfio_migration_set_state(VFIODevice *vbasedev,
140                                     enum vfio_device_mig_state new_state,
141                                     enum vfio_device_mig_state recover_state,
142                                     Error **errp)
143 {
144     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
145     uint64_t buf[DIV_ROUND_UP(sizeof(struct vfio_device_feature) +
146                               sizeof(struct vfio_device_feature_mig_state),
147                               sizeof(uint64_t))] = {};
148     struct vfio_device_feature *feature = (struct vfio_device_feature *)buf;
149     struct vfio_device_feature_mig_state *mig_state =
150         (struct vfio_device_feature_mig_state *)feature->data;
151     int ret;
152     g_autofree char *error_prefix =
153         g_strdup_printf("%s: Failed setting device state to %s.",
154                         vbasedev->name, mig_state_to_str(new_state));
155 
156     trace_vfio_migration_set_state(vbasedev->name, mig_state_to_str(new_state),
157                                    mig_state_to_str(recover_state));
158 
159     if (new_state == migration->device_state) {
160         return 0;
161     }
162 
163     feature->argsz = sizeof(buf);
164     feature->flags =
165         VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE_SET | VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE_MIG_DEVICE_STATE;
166     mig_state->device_state = new_state;
167     if (ioctl(vbasedev->fd, VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE, feature)) {
168         /* Try to set the device in some good state */
169         ret = -errno;
170 
171         if (recover_state == VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_ERROR) {
172             error_setg_errno(errp, errno,
173                              "%s Recover state is ERROR. Resetting device",
174                              error_prefix);
175 
176             goto reset_device;
177         }
178 
179         error_setg_errno(errp, errno,
180                          "%s Setting device in recover state %s",
181                          error_prefix, mig_state_to_str(recover_state));
182 
183         mig_state->device_state = recover_state;
184         if (ioctl(vbasedev->fd, VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE, feature)) {
185             ret = -errno;
186             /*
187              * If setting the device in recover state fails, report
188              * the error here and propagate the first error.
189              */
190             error_report(
191                 "%s: Failed setting device in recover state, err: %s. Resetting device",
192                          vbasedev->name, strerror(errno));
193 
194             goto reset_device;
195         }
196 
197         vfio_migration_set_device_state(vbasedev, recover_state);
198 
199         return ret;
200     }
201 
202     vfio_migration_set_device_state(vbasedev, new_state);
203     if (mig_state->data_fd != -1) {
204         if (migration->data_fd != -1) {
205             /*
206              * This can happen if the device is asynchronously reset and
207              * terminates a data transfer.
208              */
209             error_setg(errp, "%s: data_fd out of sync", vbasedev->name);
210             close(mig_state->data_fd);
211 
212             return -EBADF;
213         }
214 
215         migration->data_fd = mig_state->data_fd;
216     }
217 
218     return 0;
219 
220 reset_device:
221     if (ioctl(vbasedev->fd, VFIO_DEVICE_RESET)) {
222         hw_error("%s: Failed resetting device, err: %s", vbasedev->name,
223                  strerror(errno));
224     }
225 
226     vfio_migration_set_device_state(vbasedev, VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING);
227 
228     return ret;
229 }
230 
231 /*
232  * Some device state transitions require resetting the device if they fail.
233  * This function sets the device in new_state and resets the device if that
234  * fails. Reset is done by using ERROR as the recover state.
235  */
236 static int
237 vfio_migration_set_state_or_reset(VFIODevice *vbasedev,
238                                   enum vfio_device_mig_state new_state,
239                                   Error **errp)
240 {
241     return vfio_migration_set_state(vbasedev, new_state,
242                                     VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_ERROR, errp);
243 }
244 
245 static int vfio_load_buffer(QEMUFile *f, VFIODevice *vbasedev,
246                             uint64_t data_size)
247 {
248     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
249     int ret;
250 
251     ret = qemu_file_get_to_fd(f, migration->data_fd, data_size);
252     trace_vfio_load_state_device_data(vbasedev->name, data_size, ret);
253 
254     return ret;
255 }
256 
257 static int vfio_save_device_config_state(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque,
258                                          Error **errp)
259 {
260     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
261     int ret;
262 
263     qemu_put_be64(f, VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_CONFIG_STATE);
264 
265     if (vbasedev->ops && vbasedev->ops->vfio_save_config) {
266         ret = vbasedev->ops->vfio_save_config(vbasedev, f, errp);
267         if (ret) {
268             return ret;
269         }
270     }
271 
272     qemu_put_be64(f, VFIO_MIG_FLAG_END_OF_STATE);
273 
274     trace_vfio_save_device_config_state(vbasedev->name);
275 
276     ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
277     if (ret < 0) {
278         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to save state");
279     }
280     return ret;
281 }
282 
283 static int vfio_load_device_config_state(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
284 {
285     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
286     uint64_t data;
287 
288     if (vbasedev->ops && vbasedev->ops->vfio_load_config) {
289         int ret;
290 
291         ret = vbasedev->ops->vfio_load_config(vbasedev, f);
292         if (ret) {
293             error_report("%s: Failed to load device config space",
294                          vbasedev->name);
295             return ret;
296         }
297     }
298 
299     data = qemu_get_be64(f);
300     if (data != VFIO_MIG_FLAG_END_OF_STATE) {
301         error_report("%s: Failed loading device config space, "
302                      "end flag incorrect 0x%"PRIx64, vbasedev->name, data);
303         return -EINVAL;
304     }
305 
306     trace_vfio_load_device_config_state(vbasedev->name);
307     return qemu_file_get_error(f);
308 }
309 
310 static void vfio_migration_cleanup(VFIODevice *vbasedev)
311 {
312     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
313 
314     close(migration->data_fd);
315     migration->data_fd = -1;
316 }
317 
318 static int vfio_query_stop_copy_size(VFIODevice *vbasedev,
319                                      uint64_t *stop_copy_size)
320 {
321     uint64_t buf[DIV_ROUND_UP(sizeof(struct vfio_device_feature) +
322                               sizeof(struct vfio_device_feature_mig_data_size),
323                               sizeof(uint64_t))] = {};
324     struct vfio_device_feature *feature = (struct vfio_device_feature *)buf;
325     struct vfio_device_feature_mig_data_size *mig_data_size =
326         (struct vfio_device_feature_mig_data_size *)feature->data;
327 
328     feature->argsz = sizeof(buf);
329     feature->flags =
330         VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE_GET | VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE_MIG_DATA_SIZE;
331 
332     if (ioctl(vbasedev->fd, VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE, feature)) {
333         return -errno;
334     }
335 
336     *stop_copy_size = mig_data_size->stop_copy_length;
337 
338     return 0;
339 }
340 
341 static int vfio_query_precopy_size(VFIOMigration *migration)
342 {
343     struct vfio_precopy_info precopy = {
344         .argsz = sizeof(precopy),
345     };
346 
347     migration->precopy_init_size = 0;
348     migration->precopy_dirty_size = 0;
349 
350     if (ioctl(migration->data_fd, VFIO_MIG_GET_PRECOPY_INFO, &precopy)) {
351         return -errno;
352     }
353 
354     migration->precopy_init_size = precopy.initial_bytes;
355     migration->precopy_dirty_size = precopy.dirty_bytes;
356 
357     return 0;
358 }
359 
360 /* Returns the size of saved data on success and -errno on error */
361 static ssize_t vfio_save_block(QEMUFile *f, VFIOMigration *migration)
362 {
363     ssize_t data_size;
364 
365     data_size = read(migration->data_fd, migration->data_buffer,
366                      migration->data_buffer_size);
367     if (data_size < 0) {
368         /*
369          * Pre-copy emptied all the device state for now. For more information,
370          * please refer to the Linux kernel VFIO uAPI.
371          */
372         if (errno == ENOMSG) {
373             return 0;
374         }
375 
376         return -errno;
377     }
378     if (data_size == 0) {
379         return 0;
380     }
381 
382     qemu_put_be64(f, VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_DATA_STATE);
383     qemu_put_be64(f, data_size);
384     qemu_put_buffer(f, migration->data_buffer, data_size);
385     bytes_transferred += data_size;
386 
387     trace_vfio_save_block(migration->vbasedev->name, data_size);
388 
389     return qemu_file_get_error(f) ?: data_size;
390 }
391 
392 static void vfio_update_estimated_pending_data(VFIOMigration *migration,
393                                                uint64_t data_size)
394 {
395     if (!data_size) {
396         /*
397          * Pre-copy emptied all the device state for now, update estimated sizes
398          * accordingly.
399          */
400         migration->precopy_init_size = 0;
401         migration->precopy_dirty_size = 0;
402 
403         return;
404     }
405 
406     if (migration->precopy_init_size) {
407         uint64_t init_size = MIN(migration->precopy_init_size, data_size);
408 
409         migration->precopy_init_size -= init_size;
410         data_size -= init_size;
411     }
412 
413     migration->precopy_dirty_size -= MIN(migration->precopy_dirty_size,
414                                          data_size);
415 }
416 
417 static bool vfio_precopy_supported(VFIODevice *vbasedev)
418 {
419     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
420 
421     return migration->mig_flags & VFIO_MIGRATION_PRE_COPY;
422 }
423 
424 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
425 
426 static int vfio_save_prepare(void *opaque, Error **errp)
427 {
428     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
429 
430     /*
431      * Snapshot doesn't use postcopy nor background snapshot, so allow snapshot
432      * even if they are on.
433      */
434     if (runstate_check(RUN_STATE_SAVE_VM)) {
435         return 0;
436     }
437 
438     if (migrate_postcopy_ram()) {
439         error_setg(
440             errp, "%s: VFIO migration is not supported with postcopy migration",
441             vbasedev->name);
442         return -EOPNOTSUPP;
443     }
444 
445     if (migrate_background_snapshot()) {
446         error_setg(
447             errp,
448             "%s: VFIO migration is not supported with background snapshot",
449             vbasedev->name);
450         return -EOPNOTSUPP;
451     }
452 
453     return 0;
454 }
455 
456 static int vfio_save_setup(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque, Error **errp)
457 {
458     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
459     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
460     uint64_t stop_copy_size = VFIO_MIG_DEFAULT_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE;
461     int ret;
462 
463     qemu_put_be64(f, VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_SETUP_STATE);
464 
465     vfio_query_stop_copy_size(vbasedev, &stop_copy_size);
466     migration->data_buffer_size = MIN(VFIO_MIG_DEFAULT_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE,
467                                       stop_copy_size);
468     migration->data_buffer = g_try_malloc0(migration->data_buffer_size);
469     if (!migration->data_buffer) {
470         error_setg(errp, "%s: Failed to allocate migration data buffer",
471                    vbasedev->name);
472         return -ENOMEM;
473     }
474 
475     if (vfio_precopy_supported(vbasedev)) {
476         switch (migration->device_state) {
477         case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING:
478             ret = vfio_migration_set_state(vbasedev, VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_PRE_COPY,
479                                            VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING, errp);
480             if (ret) {
481                 return ret;
482             }
483 
484             vfio_query_precopy_size(migration);
485 
486             break;
487         case VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP:
488             /* vfio_save_complete_precopy() will go to STOP_COPY */
489             break;
490         default:
491             error_setg(errp, "%s: Invalid device state %d", vbasedev->name,
492                        migration->device_state);
493             return -EINVAL;
494         }
495     }
496 
497     trace_vfio_save_setup(vbasedev->name, migration->data_buffer_size);
498 
499     qemu_put_be64(f, VFIO_MIG_FLAG_END_OF_STATE);
500 
501     ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
502     if (ret < 0) {
503         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "%s: save setup failed", vbasedev->name);
504     }
505 
506     return ret;
507 }
508 
509 static void vfio_save_cleanup(void *opaque)
510 {
511     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
512     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
513     Error *local_err = NULL;
514     int ret;
515 
516     /*
517      * Changing device state from STOP_COPY to STOP can take time. Do it here,
518      * after migration has completed, so it won't increase downtime.
519      */
520     if (migration->device_state == VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP_COPY) {
521         ret = vfio_migration_set_state_or_reset(vbasedev,
522                                                 VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP,
523                                                 &local_err);
524         if (ret) {
525             error_report_err(local_err);
526         }
527     }
528 
529     g_free(migration->data_buffer);
530     migration->data_buffer = NULL;
531     migration->precopy_init_size = 0;
532     migration->precopy_dirty_size = 0;
533     migration->initial_data_sent = false;
534     vfio_migration_cleanup(vbasedev);
535     trace_vfio_save_cleanup(vbasedev->name);
536 }
537 
538 static void vfio_state_pending_estimate(void *opaque, uint64_t *must_precopy,
539                                         uint64_t *can_postcopy)
540 {
541     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
542     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
543 
544     if (!vfio_device_state_is_precopy(vbasedev)) {
545         return;
546     }
547 
548     *must_precopy +=
549         migration->precopy_init_size + migration->precopy_dirty_size;
550 
551     trace_vfio_state_pending_estimate(vbasedev->name, *must_precopy,
552                                       *can_postcopy,
553                                       migration->precopy_init_size,
554                                       migration->precopy_dirty_size);
555 }
556 
557 /*
558  * Migration size of VFIO devices can be as little as a few KBs or as big as
559  * many GBs. This value should be big enough to cover the worst case.
560  */
561 #define VFIO_MIG_STOP_COPY_SIZE (100 * GiB)
562 
563 static void vfio_state_pending_exact(void *opaque, uint64_t *must_precopy,
564                                      uint64_t *can_postcopy)
565 {
566     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
567     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
568     uint64_t stop_copy_size = VFIO_MIG_STOP_COPY_SIZE;
569 
570     /*
571      * If getting pending migration size fails, VFIO_MIG_STOP_COPY_SIZE is
572      * reported so downtime limit won't be violated.
573      */
574     vfio_query_stop_copy_size(vbasedev, &stop_copy_size);
575     *must_precopy += stop_copy_size;
576 
577     if (vfio_device_state_is_precopy(vbasedev)) {
578         vfio_query_precopy_size(migration);
579     }
580 
581     trace_vfio_state_pending_exact(vbasedev->name, *must_precopy, *can_postcopy,
582                                    stop_copy_size, migration->precopy_init_size,
583                                    migration->precopy_dirty_size);
584 }
585 
586 static bool vfio_is_active_iterate(void *opaque)
587 {
588     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
589 
590     return vfio_device_state_is_precopy(vbasedev);
591 }
592 
593 /*
594  * Note about migration rate limiting: VFIO migration buffer size is currently
595  * limited to 1MB, so there is no need to check if migration rate exceeded (as
596  * in the worst case it will exceed by 1MB). However, if the buffer size is
597  * later changed to a bigger value, migration rate should be enforced here.
598  */
599 static int vfio_save_iterate(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
600 {
601     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
602     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
603     ssize_t data_size;
604 
605     data_size = vfio_save_block(f, migration);
606     if (data_size < 0) {
607         return data_size;
608     }
609 
610     vfio_update_estimated_pending_data(migration, data_size);
611 
612     if (migrate_switchover_ack() && !migration->precopy_init_size &&
613         !migration->initial_data_sent) {
614         qemu_put_be64(f, VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_INIT_DATA_SENT);
615         migration->initial_data_sent = true;
616     } else {
617         qemu_put_be64(f, VFIO_MIG_FLAG_END_OF_STATE);
618     }
619 
620     trace_vfio_save_iterate(vbasedev->name, migration->precopy_init_size,
621                             migration->precopy_dirty_size);
622 
623     return !migration->precopy_init_size && !migration->precopy_dirty_size;
624 }
625 
626 static int vfio_save_complete_precopy(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
627 {
628     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
629     ssize_t data_size;
630     int ret;
631     Error *local_err = NULL;
632 
633     /* We reach here with device state STOP or STOP_COPY only */
634     ret = vfio_migration_set_state(vbasedev, VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP_COPY,
635                                    VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP, &local_err);
636     if (ret) {
637         error_report_err(local_err);
638         return ret;
639     }
640 
641     do {
642         data_size = vfio_save_block(f, vbasedev->migration);
643         if (data_size < 0) {
644             return data_size;
645         }
646     } while (data_size);
647 
648     qemu_put_be64(f, VFIO_MIG_FLAG_END_OF_STATE);
649     ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
650 
651     trace_vfio_save_complete_precopy(vbasedev->name, ret);
652 
653     return ret;
654 }
655 
656 static void vfio_save_state(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque)
657 {
658     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
659     Error *local_err = NULL;
660     int ret;
661 
662     ret = vfio_save_device_config_state(f, opaque, &local_err);
663     if (ret) {
664         error_prepend(&local_err,
665                       "vfio: Failed to save device config space of %s - ",
666                       vbasedev->name);
667         qemu_file_set_error_obj(f, ret, local_err);
668     }
669 }
670 
671 static int vfio_load_setup(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque, Error **errp)
672 {
673     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
674 
675     return vfio_migration_set_state(vbasedev, VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RESUMING,
676                                     vbasedev->migration->device_state, errp);
677 }
678 
679 static int vfio_load_cleanup(void *opaque)
680 {
681     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
682 
683     vfio_migration_cleanup(vbasedev);
684     trace_vfio_load_cleanup(vbasedev->name);
685 
686     return 0;
687 }
688 
689 static int vfio_load_state(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque, int version_id)
690 {
691     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
692     int ret = 0;
693     uint64_t data;
694 
695     data = qemu_get_be64(f);
696     while (data != VFIO_MIG_FLAG_END_OF_STATE) {
697 
698         trace_vfio_load_state(vbasedev->name, data);
699 
700         switch (data) {
701         case VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_CONFIG_STATE:
702         {
703             return vfio_load_device_config_state(f, opaque);
704         }
705         case VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_SETUP_STATE:
706         {
707             data = qemu_get_be64(f);
708             if (data == VFIO_MIG_FLAG_END_OF_STATE) {
709                 return ret;
710             } else {
711                 error_report("%s: SETUP STATE: EOS not found 0x%"PRIx64,
712                              vbasedev->name, data);
713                 return -EINVAL;
714             }
715             break;
716         }
717         case VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_DATA_STATE:
718         {
719             uint64_t data_size = qemu_get_be64(f);
720 
721             if (data_size) {
722                 ret = vfio_load_buffer(f, vbasedev, data_size);
723                 if (ret < 0) {
724                     return ret;
725                 }
726             }
727             break;
728         }
729         case VFIO_MIG_FLAG_DEV_INIT_DATA_SENT:
730         {
731             if (!vfio_precopy_supported(vbasedev) ||
732                 !migrate_switchover_ack()) {
733                 error_report("%s: Received INIT_DATA_SENT but switchover ack "
734                              "is not used", vbasedev->name);
735                 return -EINVAL;
736             }
737 
738             ret = qemu_loadvm_approve_switchover();
739             if (ret) {
740                 error_report(
741                     "%s: qemu_loadvm_approve_switchover failed, err=%d (%s)",
742                     vbasedev->name, ret, strerror(-ret));
743             }
744 
745             return ret;
746         }
747         default:
748             error_report("%s: Unknown tag 0x%"PRIx64, vbasedev->name, data);
749             return -EINVAL;
750         }
751 
752         data = qemu_get_be64(f);
753         ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
754         if (ret) {
755             return ret;
756         }
757     }
758     return ret;
759 }
760 
761 static bool vfio_switchover_ack_needed(void *opaque)
762 {
763     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
764 
765     return vfio_precopy_supported(vbasedev);
766 }
767 
768 static const SaveVMHandlers savevm_vfio_handlers = {
769     .save_prepare = vfio_save_prepare,
770     .save_setup = vfio_save_setup,
771     .save_cleanup = vfio_save_cleanup,
772     .state_pending_estimate = vfio_state_pending_estimate,
773     .state_pending_exact = vfio_state_pending_exact,
774     .is_active_iterate = vfio_is_active_iterate,
775     .save_live_iterate = vfio_save_iterate,
776     .save_live_complete_precopy = vfio_save_complete_precopy,
777     .save_state = vfio_save_state,
778     .load_setup = vfio_load_setup,
779     .load_cleanup = vfio_load_cleanup,
780     .load_state = vfio_load_state,
781     .switchover_ack_needed = vfio_switchover_ack_needed,
782 };
783 
784 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
785 
786 static void vfio_vmstate_change_prepare(void *opaque, bool running,
787                                         RunState state)
788 {
789     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
790     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
791     enum vfio_device_mig_state new_state;
792     Error *local_err = NULL;
793     int ret;
794 
795     new_state = migration->device_state == VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_PRE_COPY ?
796                     VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_PRE_COPY_P2P :
797                     VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING_P2P;
798 
799     ret = vfio_migration_set_state_or_reset(vbasedev, new_state, &local_err);
800     if (ret) {
801         /*
802          * Migration should be aborted in this case, but vm_state_notify()
803          * currently does not support reporting failures.
804          */
805         migration_file_set_error(ret, local_err);
806     }
807 
808     trace_vfio_vmstate_change_prepare(vbasedev->name, running,
809                                       RunState_str(state),
810                                       mig_state_to_str(new_state));
811 }
812 
813 static void vfio_vmstate_change(void *opaque, bool running, RunState state)
814 {
815     VFIODevice *vbasedev = opaque;
816     enum vfio_device_mig_state new_state;
817     Error *local_err = NULL;
818     int ret;
819 
820     if (running) {
821         new_state = VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING;
822     } else {
823         new_state =
824             (vfio_device_state_is_precopy(vbasedev) &&
825              (state == RUN_STATE_FINISH_MIGRATE || state == RUN_STATE_PAUSED)) ?
826                 VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP_COPY :
827                 VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_STOP;
828     }
829 
830     ret = vfio_migration_set_state_or_reset(vbasedev, new_state, &local_err);
831     if (ret) {
832         /*
833          * Migration should be aborted in this case, but vm_state_notify()
834          * currently does not support reporting failures.
835          */
836         migration_file_set_error(ret, local_err);
837     }
838 
839     trace_vfio_vmstate_change(vbasedev->name, running, RunState_str(state),
840                               mig_state_to_str(new_state));
841 }
842 
843 static int vfio_migration_state_notifier(NotifierWithReturn *notifier,
844                                          MigrationEvent *e, Error **errp)
845 {
846     VFIOMigration *migration = container_of(notifier, VFIOMigration,
847                                             migration_state);
848     VFIODevice *vbasedev = migration->vbasedev;
849     Error *local_err = NULL;
850     int ret;
851 
852     trace_vfio_migration_state_notifier(vbasedev->name, e->type);
853 
854     if (e->type == MIG_EVENT_PRECOPY_FAILED) {
855         /*
856          * MigrationNotifyFunc may not return an error code and an Error
857          * object for MIG_EVENT_PRECOPY_FAILED. Hence, report the error
858          * locally and ignore the errp argument.
859          */
860         ret = vfio_migration_set_state_or_reset(vbasedev,
861                                                 VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING,
862                                                 &local_err);
863         if (ret) {
864             error_report_err(local_err);
865         }
866     }
867     return 0;
868 }
869 
870 static void vfio_migration_free(VFIODevice *vbasedev)
871 {
872     g_free(vbasedev->migration);
873     vbasedev->migration = NULL;
874 }
875 
876 static int vfio_migration_query_flags(VFIODevice *vbasedev, uint64_t *mig_flags)
877 {
878     uint64_t buf[DIV_ROUND_UP(sizeof(struct vfio_device_feature) +
879                                   sizeof(struct vfio_device_feature_migration),
880                               sizeof(uint64_t))] = {};
881     struct vfio_device_feature *feature = (struct vfio_device_feature *)buf;
882     struct vfio_device_feature_migration *mig =
883         (struct vfio_device_feature_migration *)feature->data;
884 
885     feature->argsz = sizeof(buf);
886     feature->flags = VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE_GET | VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE_MIGRATION;
887     if (ioctl(vbasedev->fd, VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE, feature)) {
888         return -errno;
889     }
890 
891     *mig_flags = mig->flags;
892 
893     return 0;
894 }
895 
896 static bool vfio_dma_logging_supported(VFIODevice *vbasedev)
897 {
898     uint64_t buf[DIV_ROUND_UP(sizeof(struct vfio_device_feature),
899                               sizeof(uint64_t))] = {};
900     struct vfio_device_feature *feature = (struct vfio_device_feature *)buf;
901 
902     feature->argsz = sizeof(buf);
903     feature->flags = VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE_PROBE |
904                      VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE_DMA_LOGGING_START;
905 
906     return !ioctl(vbasedev->fd, VFIO_DEVICE_FEATURE, feature);
907 }
908 
909 static int vfio_migration_init(VFIODevice *vbasedev)
910 {
911     int ret;
912     Object *obj;
913     VFIOMigration *migration;
914     char id[256] = "";
915     g_autofree char *path = NULL, *oid = NULL;
916     uint64_t mig_flags = 0;
917     VMChangeStateHandler *prepare_cb;
918 
919     if (!vbasedev->ops->vfio_get_object) {
920         return -EINVAL;
921     }
922 
923     obj = vbasedev->ops->vfio_get_object(vbasedev);
924     if (!obj) {
925         return -EINVAL;
926     }
927 
928     ret = vfio_migration_query_flags(vbasedev, &mig_flags);
929     if (ret) {
930         return ret;
931     }
932 
933     /* Basic migration functionality must be supported */
934     if (!(mig_flags & VFIO_MIGRATION_STOP_COPY)) {
935         return -EOPNOTSUPP;
936     }
937 
938     vbasedev->migration = g_new0(VFIOMigration, 1);
939     migration = vbasedev->migration;
940     migration->vbasedev = vbasedev;
941     migration->device_state = VFIO_DEVICE_STATE_RUNNING;
942     migration->data_fd = -1;
943     migration->mig_flags = mig_flags;
944 
945     vbasedev->dirty_pages_supported = vfio_dma_logging_supported(vbasedev);
946 
947     oid = vmstate_if_get_id(VMSTATE_IF(DEVICE(obj)));
948     if (oid) {
949         path = g_strdup_printf("%s/vfio", oid);
950     } else {
951         path = g_strdup("vfio");
952     }
953     strpadcpy(id, sizeof(id), path, '\0');
954 
955     register_savevm_live(id, VMSTATE_INSTANCE_ID_ANY, 1, &savevm_vfio_handlers,
956                          vbasedev);
957 
958     prepare_cb = migration->mig_flags & VFIO_MIGRATION_P2P ?
959                      vfio_vmstate_change_prepare :
960                      NULL;
961     migration->vm_state = qdev_add_vm_change_state_handler_full(
962         vbasedev->dev, vfio_vmstate_change, prepare_cb, vbasedev);
963     migration_add_notifier(&migration->migration_state,
964                            vfio_migration_state_notifier);
965 
966     return 0;
967 }
968 
969 static void vfio_migration_deinit(VFIODevice *vbasedev)
970 {
971     VFIOMigration *migration = vbasedev->migration;
972 
973     migration_remove_notifier(&migration->migration_state);
974     qemu_del_vm_change_state_handler(migration->vm_state);
975     unregister_savevm(VMSTATE_IF(vbasedev->dev), "vfio", vbasedev);
976     vfio_migration_free(vbasedev);
977     vfio_unblock_multiple_devices_migration();
978 }
979 
980 static int vfio_block_migration(VFIODevice *vbasedev, Error *err, Error **errp)
981 {
982     if (vbasedev->enable_migration == ON_OFF_AUTO_ON) {
983         error_propagate(errp, err);
984         return -EINVAL;
985     }
986 
987     vbasedev->migration_blocker = error_copy(err);
988     error_free(err);
989 
990     return migrate_add_blocker_normal(&vbasedev->migration_blocker, errp);
991 }
992 
993 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
994 
995 int64_t vfio_mig_bytes_transferred(void)
996 {
997     return bytes_transferred;
998 }
999 
1000 void vfio_reset_bytes_transferred(void)
1001 {
1002     bytes_transferred = 0;
1003 }
1004 
1005 /*
1006  * Return true when either migration initialized or blocker registered.
1007  * Currently only return false when adding blocker fails which will
1008  * de-register vfio device.
1009  */
1010 bool vfio_migration_realize(VFIODevice *vbasedev, Error **errp)
1011 {
1012     Error *err = NULL;
1013     int ret;
1014 
1015     if (vbasedev->enable_migration == ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF) {
1016         error_setg(&err, "%s: Migration is disabled for VFIO device",
1017                    vbasedev->name);
1018         return !vfio_block_migration(vbasedev, err, errp);
1019     }
1020 
1021     ret = vfio_migration_init(vbasedev);
1022     if (ret) {
1023         if (ret == -ENOTTY) {
1024             error_setg(&err, "%s: VFIO migration is not supported in kernel",
1025                        vbasedev->name);
1026         } else {
1027             error_setg(&err,
1028                        "%s: Migration couldn't be initialized for VFIO device, "
1029                        "err: %d (%s)",
1030                        vbasedev->name, ret, strerror(-ret));
1031         }
1032 
1033         return !vfio_block_migration(vbasedev, err, errp);
1034     }
1035 
1036     if ((!vbasedev->dirty_pages_supported ||
1037          vbasedev->device_dirty_page_tracking == ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF) &&
1038         !vbasedev->iommu_dirty_tracking) {
1039         if (vbasedev->enable_migration == ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO) {
1040             error_setg(&err,
1041                        "%s: VFIO device doesn't support device and "
1042                        "IOMMU dirty tracking", vbasedev->name);
1043             goto add_blocker;
1044         }
1045 
1046         warn_report("%s: VFIO device doesn't support device and "
1047                     "IOMMU dirty tracking", vbasedev->name);
1048     }
1049 
1050     ret = vfio_block_multiple_devices_migration(vbasedev, errp);
1051     if (ret) {
1052         goto out_deinit;
1053     }
1054 
1055     if (vfio_viommu_preset(vbasedev)) {
1056         error_setg(&err, "%s: Migration is currently not supported "
1057                    "with vIOMMU enabled", vbasedev->name);
1058         goto add_blocker;
1059     }
1060 
1061     trace_vfio_migration_realize(vbasedev->name);
1062     return true;
1063 
1064 add_blocker:
1065     ret = vfio_block_migration(vbasedev, err, errp);
1066 out_deinit:
1067     if (ret) {
1068         vfio_migration_deinit(vbasedev);
1069     }
1070     return !ret;
1071 }
1072 
1073 void vfio_migration_exit(VFIODevice *vbasedev)
1074 {
1075     if (vbasedev->migration) {
1076         vfio_migration_deinit(vbasedev);
1077     }
1078 
1079     migrate_del_blocker(&vbasedev->migration_blocker);
1080 }
1081