1 /* 2 * bootloader support 3 * 4 * Copyright IBM, Corp. 2012 5 * 6 * Authors: 7 * Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com> 8 * 9 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your 10 * option) any later version. See the COPYING file in the top-level directory. 11 * 12 */ 13 14 #include "qemu/osdep.h" 15 #include "qapi/error.h" 16 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h" 17 #include "cpu.h" 18 #include "elf.h" 19 #include "hw/loader.h" 20 #include "hw/boards.h" 21 #include "hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.h" 22 #include "hw/s390x/css.h" 23 #include "hw/s390x/ebcdic.h" 24 #include "ipl.h" 25 #include "qemu/error-report.h" 26 27 #define KERN_IMAGE_START 0x010000UL 28 #define KERN_PARM_AREA 0x010480UL 29 #define INITRD_START 0x800000UL 30 #define INITRD_PARM_START 0x010408UL 31 #define INITRD_PARM_SIZE 0x010410UL 32 #define PARMFILE_START 0x001000UL 33 #define ZIPL_IMAGE_START 0x009000UL 34 #define IPL_PSW_MASK (PSW_MASK_32 | PSW_MASK_64) 35 36 static bool iplb_extended_needed(void *opaque) 37 { 38 S390IPLState *ipl = S390_IPL(object_resolve_path(TYPE_S390_IPL, NULL)); 39 40 return ipl->iplbext_migration; 41 } 42 43 static const VMStateDescription vmstate_iplb_extended = { 44 .name = "ipl/iplb_extended", 45 .version_id = 0, 46 .minimum_version_id = 0, 47 .needed = iplb_extended_needed, 48 .fields = (VMStateField[]) { 49 VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(reserved_ext, IplParameterBlock, 4096 - 200), 50 VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST() 51 } 52 }; 53 54 static const VMStateDescription vmstate_iplb = { 55 .name = "ipl/iplb", 56 .version_id = 0, 57 .minimum_version_id = 0, 58 .fields = (VMStateField[]) { 59 VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(reserved1, IplParameterBlock, 110), 60 VMSTATE_UINT16(devno, IplParameterBlock), 61 VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(reserved2, IplParameterBlock, 88), 62 VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST() 63 }, 64 .subsections = (const VMStateDescription*[]) { 65 &vmstate_iplb_extended, 66 NULL 67 } 68 }; 69 70 static const VMStateDescription vmstate_ipl = { 71 .name = "ipl", 72 .version_id = 0, 73 .minimum_version_id = 0, 74 .fields = (VMStateField[]) { 75 VMSTATE_UINT64(compat_start_addr, S390IPLState), 76 VMSTATE_UINT64(compat_bios_start_addr, S390IPLState), 77 VMSTATE_STRUCT(iplb, S390IPLState, 0, vmstate_iplb, IplParameterBlock), 78 VMSTATE_BOOL(iplb_valid, S390IPLState), 79 VMSTATE_UINT8(cssid, S390IPLState), 80 VMSTATE_UINT8(ssid, S390IPLState), 81 VMSTATE_UINT16(devno, S390IPLState), 82 VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST() 83 } 84 }; 85 86 static S390IPLState *get_ipl_device(void) 87 { 88 return S390_IPL(object_resolve_path_type("", TYPE_S390_IPL, NULL)); 89 } 90 91 static uint64_t bios_translate_addr(void *opaque, uint64_t srcaddr) 92 { 93 uint64_t dstaddr = *(uint64_t *) opaque; 94 /* 95 * Assuming that our s390-ccw.img was linked for starting at address 0, 96 * we can simply add the destination address for the final location 97 */ 98 return srcaddr + dstaddr; 99 } 100 101 static void s390_ipl_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp) 102 { 103 S390IPLState *ipl = S390_IPL(dev); 104 uint64_t pentry = KERN_IMAGE_START; 105 int kernel_size; 106 Error *err = NULL; 107 108 int bios_size; 109 char *bios_filename; 110 111 /* 112 * Always load the bios if it was enforced, 113 * even if an external kernel has been defined. 114 */ 115 if (!ipl->kernel || ipl->enforce_bios) { 116 uint64_t fwbase = (MIN(ram_size, 0x80000000U) - 0x200000) & ~0xffffUL; 117 118 if (bios_name == NULL) { 119 bios_name = ipl->firmware; 120 } 121 122 bios_filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name); 123 if (bios_filename == NULL) { 124 error_setg(&err, "could not find stage1 bootloader"); 125 goto error; 126 } 127 128 bios_size = load_elf(bios_filename, bios_translate_addr, &fwbase, 129 &ipl->bios_start_addr, NULL, NULL, 1, 130 EM_S390, 0, 0); 131 if (bios_size > 0) { 132 /* Adjust ELF start address to final location */ 133 ipl->bios_start_addr += fwbase; 134 } else { 135 /* Try to load non-ELF file */ 136 bios_size = load_image_targphys(bios_filename, ZIPL_IMAGE_START, 137 4096); 138 ipl->bios_start_addr = ZIPL_IMAGE_START; 139 } 140 g_free(bios_filename); 141 142 if (bios_size == -1) { 143 error_setg(&err, "could not load bootloader '%s'", bios_name); 144 goto error; 145 } 146 147 /* default boot target is the bios */ 148 ipl->start_addr = ipl->bios_start_addr; 149 } 150 151 if (ipl->kernel) { 152 kernel_size = load_elf(ipl->kernel, NULL, NULL, &pentry, NULL, 153 NULL, 1, EM_S390, 0, 0); 154 if (kernel_size < 0) { 155 kernel_size = load_image_targphys(ipl->kernel, 0, ram_size); 156 } 157 if (kernel_size < 0) { 158 error_setg(&err, "could not load kernel '%s'", ipl->kernel); 159 goto error; 160 } 161 /* 162 * Is it a Linux kernel (starting at 0x10000)? If yes, we fill in the 163 * kernel parameters here as well. Note: For old kernels (up to 3.2) 164 * we can not rely on the ELF entry point - it was 0x800 (the SALIPL 165 * loader) and it won't work. For this case we force it to 0x10000, too. 166 */ 167 if (pentry == KERN_IMAGE_START || pentry == 0x800) { 168 ipl->start_addr = KERN_IMAGE_START; 169 /* Overwrite parameters in the kernel image, which are "rom" */ 170 strcpy(rom_ptr(KERN_PARM_AREA), ipl->cmdline); 171 } else { 172 ipl->start_addr = pentry; 173 } 174 175 if (ipl->initrd) { 176 ram_addr_t initrd_offset; 177 int initrd_size; 178 179 initrd_offset = INITRD_START; 180 while (kernel_size + 0x100000 > initrd_offset) { 181 initrd_offset += 0x100000; 182 } 183 initrd_size = load_image_targphys(ipl->initrd, initrd_offset, 184 ram_size - initrd_offset); 185 if (initrd_size == -1) { 186 error_setg(&err, "could not load initrd '%s'", ipl->initrd); 187 goto error; 188 } 189 190 /* 191 * we have to overwrite values in the kernel image, 192 * which are "rom" 193 */ 194 stq_p(rom_ptr(INITRD_PARM_START), initrd_offset); 195 stq_p(rom_ptr(INITRD_PARM_SIZE), initrd_size); 196 } 197 } 198 /* 199 * Don't ever use the migrated values, they could come from a different 200 * BIOS and therefore don't work. But still migrate the values, so 201 * QEMUs relying on it don't break. 202 */ 203 ipl->compat_start_addr = ipl->start_addr; 204 ipl->compat_bios_start_addr = ipl->bios_start_addr; 205 qemu_register_reset(qdev_reset_all_fn, dev); 206 error: 207 error_propagate(errp, err); 208 } 209 210 static Property s390_ipl_properties[] = { 211 DEFINE_PROP_STRING("kernel", S390IPLState, kernel), 212 DEFINE_PROP_STRING("initrd", S390IPLState, initrd), 213 DEFINE_PROP_STRING("cmdline", S390IPLState, cmdline), 214 DEFINE_PROP_STRING("firmware", S390IPLState, firmware), 215 DEFINE_PROP_STRING("netboot_fw", S390IPLState, netboot_fw), 216 DEFINE_PROP_BOOL("enforce_bios", S390IPLState, enforce_bios, false), 217 DEFINE_PROP_BOOL("iplbext_migration", S390IPLState, iplbext_migration, 218 true), 219 DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(), 220 }; 221 222 static bool s390_gen_initial_iplb(S390IPLState *ipl) 223 { 224 DeviceState *dev_st; 225 226 dev_st = get_boot_device(0); 227 if (dev_st) { 228 VirtioCcwDevice *virtio_ccw_dev = (VirtioCcwDevice *) 229 object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(qdev_get_parent_bus(dev_st)->parent), 230 TYPE_VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE); 231 SCSIDevice *sd = (SCSIDevice *) object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev_st), 232 TYPE_SCSI_DEVICE); 233 VirtIONet *vn = (VirtIONet *) object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev_st), 234 TYPE_VIRTIO_NET); 235 236 if (vn) { 237 ipl->netboot = true; 238 } 239 if (virtio_ccw_dev) { 240 CcwDevice *ccw_dev = CCW_DEVICE(virtio_ccw_dev); 241 242 ipl->iplb.len = cpu_to_be32(S390_IPLB_MIN_CCW_LEN); 243 ipl->iplb.blk0_len = 244 cpu_to_be32(S390_IPLB_MIN_CCW_LEN - S390_IPLB_HEADER_LEN); 245 ipl->iplb.pbt = S390_IPL_TYPE_CCW; 246 ipl->iplb.ccw.devno = cpu_to_be16(ccw_dev->sch->devno); 247 ipl->iplb.ccw.ssid = ccw_dev->sch->ssid & 3; 248 } else if (sd) { 249 SCSIBus *bus = scsi_bus_from_device(sd); 250 VirtIOSCSI *vdev = container_of(bus, VirtIOSCSI, bus); 251 VirtIOSCSICcw *scsi_ccw = container_of(vdev, VirtIOSCSICcw, vdev); 252 CcwDevice *ccw_dev; 253 254 ccw_dev = (CcwDevice *)object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(scsi_ccw), 255 TYPE_CCW_DEVICE); 256 if (!ccw_dev) { /* It might be a PCI device instead */ 257 return false; 258 } 259 260 ipl->iplb.len = cpu_to_be32(S390_IPLB_MIN_QEMU_SCSI_LEN); 261 ipl->iplb.blk0_len = 262 cpu_to_be32(S390_IPLB_MIN_QEMU_SCSI_LEN - S390_IPLB_HEADER_LEN); 263 ipl->iplb.pbt = S390_IPL_TYPE_QEMU_SCSI; 264 ipl->iplb.scsi.lun = cpu_to_be32(sd->lun); 265 ipl->iplb.scsi.target = cpu_to_be16(sd->id); 266 ipl->iplb.scsi.channel = cpu_to_be16(sd->channel); 267 ipl->iplb.scsi.devno = cpu_to_be16(ccw_dev->sch->devno); 268 ipl->iplb.scsi.ssid = ccw_dev->sch->ssid & 3; 269 } else { 270 return false; /* unknown device */ 271 } 272 273 if (!s390_ipl_set_loadparm(ipl->iplb.loadparm)) { 274 ipl->iplb.flags |= DIAG308_FLAGS_LP_VALID; 275 } 276 return true; 277 } 278 279 return false; 280 } 281 282 int s390_ipl_set_loadparm(uint8_t *loadparm) 283 { 284 MachineState *machine = MACHINE(qdev_get_machine()); 285 char *lp = object_property_get_str(OBJECT(machine), "loadparm", NULL); 286 287 if (lp) { 288 int i; 289 290 /* lp is an uppercase string without leading/embedded spaces */ 291 for (i = 0; i < 8 && lp[i]; i++) { 292 loadparm[i] = ascii2ebcdic[(uint8_t) lp[i]]; 293 } 294 295 g_free(lp); 296 return 0; 297 } 298 299 return -1; 300 } 301 302 static int load_netboot_image(Error **errp) 303 { 304 S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device(); 305 char *netboot_filename; 306 MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory(); 307 MemoryRegion *mr = NULL; 308 void *ram_ptr = NULL; 309 int img_size = -1; 310 311 mr = memory_region_find(sysmem, 0, 1).mr; 312 if (!mr) { 313 error_setg(errp, "Failed to find memory region at address 0"); 314 return -1; 315 } 316 317 ram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(mr); 318 if (!ram_ptr) { 319 error_setg(errp, "No RAM found"); 320 goto unref_mr; 321 } 322 323 netboot_filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, ipl->netboot_fw); 324 if (netboot_filename == NULL) { 325 error_setg(errp, "Could not find network bootloader"); 326 goto unref_mr; 327 } 328 329 img_size = load_elf_ram(netboot_filename, NULL, NULL, &ipl->start_addr, 330 NULL, NULL, 1, EM_S390, 0, 0, NULL, false); 331 332 if (img_size < 0) { 333 img_size = load_image_size(netboot_filename, ram_ptr, ram_size); 334 ipl->start_addr = KERN_IMAGE_START; 335 } 336 337 if (img_size < 0) { 338 error_setg(errp, "Failed to load network bootloader"); 339 } 340 341 g_free(netboot_filename); 342 343 unref_mr: 344 memory_region_unref(mr); 345 return img_size; 346 } 347 348 static bool is_virtio_net_device(IplParameterBlock *iplb) 349 { 350 uint8_t cssid; 351 uint8_t ssid; 352 uint16_t devno; 353 uint16_t schid; 354 SubchDev *sch = NULL; 355 356 if (iplb->pbt != S390_IPL_TYPE_CCW) { 357 return false; 358 } 359 360 devno = be16_to_cpu(iplb->ccw.devno); 361 ssid = iplb->ccw.ssid & 3; 362 363 for (schid = 0; schid < MAX_SCHID; schid++) { 364 for (cssid = 0; cssid < MAX_CSSID; cssid++) { 365 sch = css_find_subch(1, cssid, ssid, schid); 366 367 if (sch && sch->devno == devno) { 368 return sch->id.cu_model == VIRTIO_ID_NET; 369 } 370 } 371 } 372 return false; 373 } 374 375 void s390_ipl_update_diag308(IplParameterBlock *iplb) 376 { 377 S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device(); 378 379 ipl->iplb = *iplb; 380 ipl->iplb_valid = true; 381 ipl->netboot = is_virtio_net_device(iplb); 382 } 383 384 IplParameterBlock *s390_ipl_get_iplb(void) 385 { 386 S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device(); 387 388 if (!ipl->iplb_valid) { 389 return NULL; 390 } 391 return &ipl->iplb; 392 } 393 394 void s390_reipl_request(void) 395 { 396 S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device(); 397 398 ipl->reipl_requested = true; 399 qemu_system_reset_request(SHUTDOWN_CAUSE_GUEST_RESET); 400 } 401 402 void s390_ipl_prepare_cpu(S390CPU *cpu) 403 { 404 S390IPLState *ipl = get_ipl_device(); 405 Error *err = NULL; 406 407 cpu->env.psw.addr = ipl->start_addr; 408 cpu->env.psw.mask = IPL_PSW_MASK; 409 410 if (!ipl->kernel || ipl->iplb_valid) { 411 cpu->env.psw.addr = ipl->bios_start_addr; 412 if (!ipl->iplb_valid) { 413 ipl->iplb_valid = s390_gen_initial_iplb(ipl); 414 } 415 } 416 if (ipl->netboot) { 417 if (load_netboot_image(&err) < 0) { 418 error_report_err(err); 419 vm_stop(RUN_STATE_INTERNAL_ERROR); 420 } 421 ipl->iplb.ccw.netboot_start_addr = cpu_to_be64(ipl->start_addr); 422 } 423 } 424 425 static void s390_ipl_reset(DeviceState *dev) 426 { 427 S390IPLState *ipl = S390_IPL(dev); 428 429 if (!ipl->reipl_requested) { 430 ipl->iplb_valid = false; 431 memset(&ipl->iplb, 0, sizeof(IplParameterBlock)); 432 } 433 ipl->reipl_requested = false; 434 } 435 436 static void s390_ipl_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data) 437 { 438 DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass); 439 440 dc->realize = s390_ipl_realize; 441 dc->props = s390_ipl_properties; 442 dc->reset = s390_ipl_reset; 443 dc->vmsd = &vmstate_ipl; 444 set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_MISC, dc->categories); 445 /* Reason: Loads the ROMs and thus can only be used one time - internally */ 446 dc->user_creatable = false; 447 } 448 449 static const TypeInfo s390_ipl_info = { 450 .class_init = s390_ipl_class_init, 451 .parent = TYPE_DEVICE, 452 .name = TYPE_S390_IPL, 453 .instance_size = sizeof(S390IPLState), 454 }; 455 456 static void s390_ipl_register_types(void) 457 { 458 type_register_static(&s390_ipl_info); 459 } 460 461 type_init(s390_ipl_register_types) 462