1 /* 2 * QEMU RISC-V Boot Helper 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 2017 SiFive, Inc. 5 * Copyright (c) 2019 Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@wdc.com> 6 * 7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 8 * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License, 9 * version 2 or later, as published by the Free Software Foundation. 10 * 11 * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT 12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for 14 * more details. 15 * 16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with 17 * this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. 18 */ 19 20 #include "qemu/osdep.h" 21 #include "qemu-common.h" 22 #include "qemu/units.h" 23 #include "qemu/error-report.h" 24 #include "exec/cpu-defs.h" 25 #include "hw/boards.h" 26 #include "hw/loader.h" 27 #include "hw/riscv/boot.h" 28 #include "hw/riscv/boot_opensbi.h" 29 #include "elf.h" 30 #include "sysemu/device_tree.h" 31 #include "sysemu/qtest.h" 32 33 #include <libfdt.h> 34 35 #if defined(TARGET_RISCV32) 36 # define KERNEL_BOOT_ADDRESS 0x80400000 37 #define fw_dynamic_info_data(__val) cpu_to_le32(__val) 38 #else 39 # define KERNEL_BOOT_ADDRESS 0x80200000 40 #define fw_dynamic_info_data(__val) cpu_to_le64(__val) 41 #endif 42 43 void riscv_find_and_load_firmware(MachineState *machine, 44 const char *default_machine_firmware, 45 hwaddr firmware_load_addr, 46 symbol_fn_t sym_cb) 47 { 48 char *firmware_filename = NULL; 49 50 if ((!machine->firmware) || (!strcmp(machine->firmware, "default"))) { 51 /* 52 * The user didn't specify -bios, or has specified "-bios default". 53 * That means we are going to load the OpenSBI binary included in 54 * the QEMU source. 55 */ 56 firmware_filename = riscv_find_firmware(default_machine_firmware); 57 } else if (strcmp(machine->firmware, "none")) { 58 firmware_filename = riscv_find_firmware(machine->firmware); 59 } 60 61 if (firmware_filename) { 62 /* If not "none" load the firmware */ 63 riscv_load_firmware(firmware_filename, firmware_load_addr, sym_cb); 64 g_free(firmware_filename); 65 } 66 } 67 68 char *riscv_find_firmware(const char *firmware_filename) 69 { 70 char *filename; 71 72 filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, firmware_filename); 73 if (filename == NULL) { 74 if (!qtest_enabled()) { 75 /* 76 * We only ship plain binary bios images in the QEMU source. 77 * With Spike machine that uses ELF images as the default bios, 78 * running QEMU test will complain hence let's suppress the error 79 * report for QEMU testing. 80 */ 81 error_report("Unable to load the RISC-V firmware \"%s\"", 82 firmware_filename); 83 exit(1); 84 } 85 } 86 87 return filename; 88 } 89 90 target_ulong riscv_load_firmware(const char *firmware_filename, 91 hwaddr firmware_load_addr, 92 symbol_fn_t sym_cb) 93 { 94 uint64_t firmware_entry; 95 96 if (load_elf_ram_sym(firmware_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, 97 &firmware_entry, NULL, NULL, NULL, 98 0, EM_RISCV, 1, 0, NULL, true, sym_cb) > 0) { 99 return firmware_entry; 100 } 101 102 if (load_image_targphys_as(firmware_filename, firmware_load_addr, 103 ram_size, NULL) > 0) { 104 return firmware_load_addr; 105 } 106 107 error_report("could not load firmware '%s'", firmware_filename); 108 exit(1); 109 } 110 111 target_ulong riscv_load_kernel(const char *kernel_filename, symbol_fn_t sym_cb) 112 { 113 uint64_t kernel_entry; 114 115 if (load_elf_ram_sym(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL, 116 &kernel_entry, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, 117 EM_RISCV, 1, 0, NULL, true, sym_cb) > 0) { 118 return kernel_entry; 119 } 120 121 if (load_uimage_as(kernel_filename, &kernel_entry, NULL, NULL, 122 NULL, NULL, NULL) > 0) { 123 return kernel_entry; 124 } 125 126 if (load_image_targphys_as(kernel_filename, KERNEL_BOOT_ADDRESS, 127 ram_size, NULL) > 0) { 128 return KERNEL_BOOT_ADDRESS; 129 } 130 131 error_report("could not load kernel '%s'", kernel_filename); 132 exit(1); 133 } 134 135 hwaddr riscv_load_initrd(const char *filename, uint64_t mem_size, 136 uint64_t kernel_entry, hwaddr *start) 137 { 138 int size; 139 140 /* 141 * We want to put the initrd far enough into RAM that when the 142 * kernel is uncompressed it will not clobber the initrd. However 143 * on boards without much RAM we must ensure that we still leave 144 * enough room for a decent sized initrd, and on boards with large 145 * amounts of RAM we must avoid the initrd being so far up in RAM 146 * that it is outside lowmem and inaccessible to the kernel. 147 * So for boards with less than 256MB of RAM we put the initrd 148 * halfway into RAM, and for boards with 256MB of RAM or more we put 149 * the initrd at 128MB. 150 */ 151 *start = kernel_entry + MIN(mem_size / 2, 128 * MiB); 152 153 size = load_ramdisk(filename, *start, mem_size - *start); 154 if (size == -1) { 155 size = load_image_targphys(filename, *start, mem_size - *start); 156 if (size == -1) { 157 error_report("could not load ramdisk '%s'", filename); 158 exit(1); 159 } 160 } 161 162 return *start + size; 163 } 164 165 uint32_t riscv_load_fdt(hwaddr dram_base, uint64_t mem_size, void *fdt) 166 { 167 uint32_t temp, fdt_addr; 168 hwaddr dram_end = dram_base + mem_size; 169 int fdtsize = fdt_totalsize(fdt); 170 171 if (fdtsize <= 0) { 172 error_report("invalid device-tree"); 173 exit(1); 174 } 175 176 /* 177 * We should put fdt as far as possible to avoid kernel/initrd overwriting 178 * its content. But it should be addressable by 32 bit system as well. 179 * Thus, put it at an aligned address that less than fdt size from end of 180 * dram or 4GB whichever is lesser. 181 */ 182 temp = MIN(dram_end, 4096 * MiB); 183 fdt_addr = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(temp - fdtsize, 2 * MiB); 184 185 fdt_pack(fdt); 186 /* copy in the device tree */ 187 qemu_fdt_dumpdtb(fdt, fdtsize); 188 189 rom_add_blob_fixed_as("fdt", fdt, fdtsize, fdt_addr, 190 &address_space_memory); 191 192 return fdt_addr; 193 } 194 195 void riscv_rom_copy_firmware_info(hwaddr rom_base, hwaddr rom_size, 196 uint32_t reset_vec_size, uint64_t kernel_entry) 197 { 198 struct fw_dynamic_info dinfo; 199 size_t dinfo_len; 200 201 dinfo.magic = fw_dynamic_info_data(FW_DYNAMIC_INFO_MAGIC_VALUE); 202 dinfo.version = fw_dynamic_info_data(FW_DYNAMIC_INFO_VERSION); 203 dinfo.next_mode = fw_dynamic_info_data(FW_DYNAMIC_INFO_NEXT_MODE_S); 204 dinfo.next_addr = fw_dynamic_info_data(kernel_entry); 205 dinfo.options = 0; 206 dinfo.boot_hart = 0; 207 dinfo_len = sizeof(dinfo); 208 209 /** 210 * copy the dynamic firmware info. This information is specific to 211 * OpenSBI but doesn't break any other firmware as long as they don't 212 * expect any certain value in "a2" register. 213 */ 214 if (dinfo_len > (rom_size - reset_vec_size)) { 215 error_report("not enough space to store dynamic firmware info"); 216 exit(1); 217 } 218 219 rom_add_blob_fixed_as("mrom.finfo", &dinfo, dinfo_len, 220 rom_base + reset_vec_size, 221 &address_space_memory); 222 } 223 224 void riscv_setup_rom_reset_vec(hwaddr start_addr, hwaddr rom_base, 225 hwaddr rom_size, uint64_t kernel_entry, 226 uint32_t fdt_load_addr, void *fdt) 227 { 228 int i; 229 uint32_t start_addr_hi32 = 0x00000000; 230 231 #if defined(TARGET_RISCV64) 232 start_addr_hi32 = start_addr >> 32; 233 #endif 234 /* reset vector */ 235 uint32_t reset_vec[10] = { 236 0x00000297, /* 1: auipc t0, %pcrel_hi(fw_dyn) */ 237 0x02828613, /* addi a2, t0, %pcrel_lo(1b) */ 238 0xf1402573, /* csrr a0, mhartid */ 239 #if defined(TARGET_RISCV32) 240 0x0202a583, /* lw a1, 32(t0) */ 241 0x0182a283, /* lw t0, 24(t0) */ 242 #elif defined(TARGET_RISCV64) 243 0x0202b583, /* ld a1, 32(t0) */ 244 0x0182b283, /* ld t0, 24(t0) */ 245 #endif 246 0x00028067, /* jr t0 */ 247 start_addr, /* start: .dword */ 248 start_addr_hi32, 249 fdt_load_addr, /* fdt_laddr: .dword */ 250 0x00000000, 251 /* fw_dyn: */ 252 }; 253 254 /* copy in the reset vector in little_endian byte order */ 255 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(reset_vec); i++) { 256 reset_vec[i] = cpu_to_le32(reset_vec[i]); 257 } 258 rom_add_blob_fixed_as("mrom.reset", reset_vec, sizeof(reset_vec), 259 rom_base, &address_space_memory); 260 riscv_rom_copy_firmware_info(rom_base, rom_size, sizeof(reset_vec), 261 kernel_entry); 262 263 return; 264 } 265