xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/pci/pci.c (revision b45c03f5)
1 /*
2  * QEMU PCI bus manager
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2004 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 #include "hw/hw.h"
25 #include "hw/pci/pci.h"
26 #include "hw/pci/pci_bridge.h"
27 #include "hw/pci/pci_bus.h"
28 #include "hw/pci/pci_host.h"
29 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
30 #include "net/net.h"
31 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
32 #include "hw/loader.h"
33 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
34 #include "qemu/range.h"
35 #include "qmp-commands.h"
36 #include "trace.h"
37 #include "hw/pci/msi.h"
38 #include "hw/pci/msix.h"
39 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
40 #include "hw/hotplug.h"
41 #include "hw/boards.h"
42 
43 //#define DEBUG_PCI
44 #ifdef DEBUG_PCI
45 # define PCI_DPRINTF(format, ...)       printf(format, ## __VA_ARGS__)
46 #else
47 # define PCI_DPRINTF(format, ...)       do { } while (0)
48 #endif
49 
50 static void pcibus_dev_print(Monitor *mon, DeviceState *dev, int indent);
51 static char *pcibus_get_dev_path(DeviceState *dev);
52 static char *pcibus_get_fw_dev_path(DeviceState *dev);
53 static void pcibus_reset(BusState *qbus);
54 
55 static Property pci_props[] = {
56     DEFINE_PROP_PCI_DEVFN("addr", PCIDevice, devfn, -1),
57     DEFINE_PROP_STRING("romfile", PCIDevice, romfile),
58     DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("rombar",  PCIDevice, rom_bar, 1),
59     DEFINE_PROP_BIT("multifunction", PCIDevice, cap_present,
60                     QEMU_PCI_CAP_MULTIFUNCTION_BITNR, false),
61     DEFINE_PROP_BIT("command_serr_enable", PCIDevice, cap_present,
62                     QEMU_PCI_CAP_SERR_BITNR, true),
63     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST()
64 };
65 
66 static const VMStateDescription vmstate_pcibus = {
67     .name = "PCIBUS",
68     .version_id = 1,
69     .minimum_version_id = 1,
70     .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
71         VMSTATE_INT32_EQUAL(nirq, PCIBus),
72         VMSTATE_VARRAY_INT32(irq_count, PCIBus,
73                              nirq, 0, vmstate_info_int32,
74                              int32_t),
75         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
76     }
77 };
78 
79 static void pci_bus_realize(BusState *qbus, Error **errp)
80 {
81     PCIBus *bus = PCI_BUS(qbus);
82 
83     vmstate_register(NULL, -1, &vmstate_pcibus, bus);
84 }
85 
86 static void pci_bus_unrealize(BusState *qbus, Error **errp)
87 {
88     PCIBus *bus = PCI_BUS(qbus);
89 
90     vmstate_unregister(NULL, &vmstate_pcibus, bus);
91 }
92 
93 static bool pcibus_is_root(PCIBus *bus)
94 {
95     return !bus->parent_dev;
96 }
97 
98 static int pcibus_num(PCIBus *bus)
99 {
100     if (pcibus_is_root(bus)) {
101         return 0; /* pci host bridge */
102     }
103     return bus->parent_dev->config[PCI_SECONDARY_BUS];
104 }
105 
106 static uint16_t pcibus_numa_node(PCIBus *bus)
107 {
108     return NUMA_NODE_UNASSIGNED;
109 }
110 
111 static void pci_bus_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
112 {
113     BusClass *k = BUS_CLASS(klass);
114     PCIBusClass *pbc = PCI_BUS_CLASS(klass);
115 
116     k->print_dev = pcibus_dev_print;
117     k->get_dev_path = pcibus_get_dev_path;
118     k->get_fw_dev_path = pcibus_get_fw_dev_path;
119     k->realize = pci_bus_realize;
120     k->unrealize = pci_bus_unrealize;
121     k->reset = pcibus_reset;
122 
123     pbc->is_root = pcibus_is_root;
124     pbc->bus_num = pcibus_num;
125     pbc->numa_node = pcibus_numa_node;
126 }
127 
128 static const TypeInfo pci_bus_info = {
129     .name = TYPE_PCI_BUS,
130     .parent = TYPE_BUS,
131     .instance_size = sizeof(PCIBus),
132     .class_size = sizeof(PCIBusClass),
133     .class_init = pci_bus_class_init,
134 };
135 
136 static const TypeInfo pcie_bus_info = {
137     .name = TYPE_PCIE_BUS,
138     .parent = TYPE_PCI_BUS,
139 };
140 
141 static PCIBus *pci_find_bus_nr(PCIBus *bus, int bus_num);
142 static void pci_update_mappings(PCIDevice *d);
143 static void pci_irq_handler(void *opaque, int irq_num, int level);
144 static void pci_add_option_rom(PCIDevice *pdev, bool is_default_rom, Error **);
145 static void pci_del_option_rom(PCIDevice *pdev);
146 
147 static uint16_t pci_default_sub_vendor_id = PCI_SUBVENDOR_ID_REDHAT_QUMRANET;
148 static uint16_t pci_default_sub_device_id = PCI_SUBDEVICE_ID_QEMU;
149 
150 static QLIST_HEAD(, PCIHostState) pci_host_bridges;
151 
152 int pci_bar(PCIDevice *d, int reg)
153 {
154     uint8_t type;
155 
156     if (reg != PCI_ROM_SLOT)
157         return PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0 + reg * 4;
158 
159     type = d->config[PCI_HEADER_TYPE] & ~PCI_HEADER_TYPE_MULTI_FUNCTION;
160     return type == PCI_HEADER_TYPE_BRIDGE ? PCI_ROM_ADDRESS1 : PCI_ROM_ADDRESS;
161 }
162 
163 static inline int pci_irq_state(PCIDevice *d, int irq_num)
164 {
165 	return (d->irq_state >> irq_num) & 0x1;
166 }
167 
168 static inline void pci_set_irq_state(PCIDevice *d, int irq_num, int level)
169 {
170 	d->irq_state &= ~(0x1 << irq_num);
171 	d->irq_state |= level << irq_num;
172 }
173 
174 static void pci_change_irq_level(PCIDevice *pci_dev, int irq_num, int change)
175 {
176     PCIBus *bus;
177     for (;;) {
178         bus = pci_dev->bus;
179         irq_num = bus->map_irq(pci_dev, irq_num);
180         if (bus->set_irq)
181             break;
182         pci_dev = bus->parent_dev;
183     }
184     bus->irq_count[irq_num] += change;
185     bus->set_irq(bus->irq_opaque, irq_num, bus->irq_count[irq_num] != 0);
186 }
187 
188 int pci_bus_get_irq_level(PCIBus *bus, int irq_num)
189 {
190     assert(irq_num >= 0);
191     assert(irq_num < bus->nirq);
192     return !!bus->irq_count[irq_num];
193 }
194 
195 /* Update interrupt status bit in config space on interrupt
196  * state change. */
197 static void pci_update_irq_status(PCIDevice *dev)
198 {
199     if (dev->irq_state) {
200         dev->config[PCI_STATUS] |= PCI_STATUS_INTERRUPT;
201     } else {
202         dev->config[PCI_STATUS] &= ~PCI_STATUS_INTERRUPT;
203     }
204 }
205 
206 void pci_device_deassert_intx(PCIDevice *dev)
207 {
208     int i;
209     for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; ++i) {
210         pci_irq_handler(dev, i, 0);
211     }
212 }
213 
214 static void pci_do_device_reset(PCIDevice *dev)
215 {
216     int r;
217 
218     pci_device_deassert_intx(dev);
219     assert(dev->irq_state == 0);
220 
221     /* Clear all writable bits */
222     pci_word_test_and_clear_mask(dev->config + PCI_COMMAND,
223                                  pci_get_word(dev->wmask + PCI_COMMAND) |
224                                  pci_get_word(dev->w1cmask + PCI_COMMAND));
225     pci_word_test_and_clear_mask(dev->config + PCI_STATUS,
226                                  pci_get_word(dev->wmask + PCI_STATUS) |
227                                  pci_get_word(dev->w1cmask + PCI_STATUS));
228     dev->config[PCI_CACHE_LINE_SIZE] = 0x0;
229     dev->config[PCI_INTERRUPT_LINE] = 0x0;
230     for (r = 0; r < PCI_NUM_REGIONS; ++r) {
231         PCIIORegion *region = &dev->io_regions[r];
232         if (!region->size) {
233             continue;
234         }
235 
236         if (!(region->type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO) &&
237             region->type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_64) {
238             pci_set_quad(dev->config + pci_bar(dev, r), region->type);
239         } else {
240             pci_set_long(dev->config + pci_bar(dev, r), region->type);
241         }
242     }
243     pci_update_mappings(dev);
244 
245     msi_reset(dev);
246     msix_reset(dev);
247 }
248 
249 /*
250  * This function is called on #RST and FLR.
251  * FLR if PCI_EXP_DEVCTL_BCR_FLR is set
252  */
253 void pci_device_reset(PCIDevice *dev)
254 {
255     qdev_reset_all(&dev->qdev);
256     pci_do_device_reset(dev);
257 }
258 
259 /*
260  * Trigger pci bus reset under a given bus.
261  * Called via qbus_reset_all on RST# assert, after the devices
262  * have been reset qdev_reset_all-ed already.
263  */
264 static void pcibus_reset(BusState *qbus)
265 {
266     PCIBus *bus = DO_UPCAST(PCIBus, qbus, qbus);
267     int i;
268 
269     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bus->devices); ++i) {
270         if (bus->devices[i]) {
271             pci_do_device_reset(bus->devices[i]);
272         }
273     }
274 
275     for (i = 0; i < bus->nirq; i++) {
276         assert(bus->irq_count[i] == 0);
277     }
278 }
279 
280 static void pci_host_bus_register(PCIBus *bus, DeviceState *parent)
281 {
282     PCIHostState *host_bridge = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(parent);
283 
284     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pci_host_bridges, host_bridge, next);
285 }
286 
287 PCIBus *pci_find_primary_bus(void)
288 {
289     PCIBus *primary_bus = NULL;
290     PCIHostState *host;
291 
292     QLIST_FOREACH(host, &pci_host_bridges, next) {
293         if (primary_bus) {
294             /* We have multiple root buses, refuse to select a primary */
295             return NULL;
296         }
297         primary_bus = host->bus;
298     }
299 
300     return primary_bus;
301 }
302 
303 PCIBus *pci_device_root_bus(const PCIDevice *d)
304 {
305     PCIBus *bus = d->bus;
306 
307     while (!pci_bus_is_root(bus)) {
308         d = bus->parent_dev;
309         assert(d != NULL);
310 
311         bus = d->bus;
312     }
313 
314     return bus;
315 }
316 
317 const char *pci_root_bus_path(PCIDevice *dev)
318 {
319     PCIBus *rootbus = pci_device_root_bus(dev);
320     PCIHostState *host_bridge = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(rootbus->qbus.parent);
321     PCIHostBridgeClass *hc = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE_GET_CLASS(host_bridge);
322 
323     assert(host_bridge->bus == rootbus);
324 
325     if (hc->root_bus_path) {
326         return (*hc->root_bus_path)(host_bridge, rootbus);
327     }
328 
329     return rootbus->qbus.name;
330 }
331 
332 static void pci_bus_init(PCIBus *bus, DeviceState *parent,
333                          const char *name,
334                          MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
335                          MemoryRegion *address_space_io,
336                          uint8_t devfn_min)
337 {
338     assert(PCI_FUNC(devfn_min) == 0);
339     bus->devfn_min = devfn_min;
340     bus->address_space_mem = address_space_mem;
341     bus->address_space_io = address_space_io;
342 
343     /* host bridge */
344     QLIST_INIT(&bus->child);
345 
346     pci_host_bus_register(bus, parent);
347 }
348 
349 bool pci_bus_is_express(PCIBus *bus)
350 {
351     return object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(bus), TYPE_PCIE_BUS);
352 }
353 
354 bool pci_bus_is_root(PCIBus *bus)
355 {
356     return PCI_BUS_GET_CLASS(bus)->is_root(bus);
357 }
358 
359 void pci_bus_new_inplace(PCIBus *bus, size_t bus_size, DeviceState *parent,
360                          const char *name,
361                          MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
362                          MemoryRegion *address_space_io,
363                          uint8_t devfn_min, const char *typename)
364 {
365     qbus_create_inplace(bus, bus_size, typename, parent, name);
366     pci_bus_init(bus, parent, name, address_space_mem,
367                  address_space_io, devfn_min);
368 }
369 
370 PCIBus *pci_bus_new(DeviceState *parent, const char *name,
371                     MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
372                     MemoryRegion *address_space_io,
373                     uint8_t devfn_min, const char *typename)
374 {
375     PCIBus *bus;
376 
377     bus = PCI_BUS(qbus_create(typename, parent, name));
378     pci_bus_init(bus, parent, name, address_space_mem,
379                  address_space_io, devfn_min);
380     return bus;
381 }
382 
383 void pci_bus_irqs(PCIBus *bus, pci_set_irq_fn set_irq, pci_map_irq_fn map_irq,
384                   void *irq_opaque, int nirq)
385 {
386     bus->set_irq = set_irq;
387     bus->map_irq = map_irq;
388     bus->irq_opaque = irq_opaque;
389     bus->nirq = nirq;
390     bus->irq_count = g_malloc0(nirq * sizeof(bus->irq_count[0]));
391 }
392 
393 PCIBus *pci_register_bus(DeviceState *parent, const char *name,
394                          pci_set_irq_fn set_irq, pci_map_irq_fn map_irq,
395                          void *irq_opaque,
396                          MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
397                          MemoryRegion *address_space_io,
398                          uint8_t devfn_min, int nirq, const char *typename)
399 {
400     PCIBus *bus;
401 
402     bus = pci_bus_new(parent, name, address_space_mem,
403                       address_space_io, devfn_min, typename);
404     pci_bus_irqs(bus, set_irq, map_irq, irq_opaque, nirq);
405     return bus;
406 }
407 
408 int pci_bus_num(PCIBus *s)
409 {
410     return PCI_BUS_GET_CLASS(s)->bus_num(s);
411 }
412 
413 int pci_bus_numa_node(PCIBus *bus)
414 {
415     return PCI_BUS_GET_CLASS(bus)->numa_node(bus);
416 }
417 
418 static int get_pci_config_device(QEMUFile *f, void *pv, size_t size)
419 {
420     PCIDevice *s = container_of(pv, PCIDevice, config);
421     PCIDeviceClass *pc = PCI_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(s);
422     uint8_t *config;
423     int i;
424 
425     assert(size == pci_config_size(s));
426     config = g_malloc(size);
427 
428     qemu_get_buffer(f, config, size);
429     for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
430         if ((config[i] ^ s->config[i]) &
431             s->cmask[i] & ~s->wmask[i] & ~s->w1cmask[i]) {
432             error_report("%s: Bad config data: i=0x%x read: %x device: %x "
433                          "cmask: %x wmask: %x w1cmask:%x", __func__,
434                          i, config[i], s->config[i],
435                          s->cmask[i], s->wmask[i], s->w1cmask[i]);
436             g_free(config);
437             return -EINVAL;
438         }
439     }
440     memcpy(s->config, config, size);
441 
442     pci_update_mappings(s);
443     if (pc->is_bridge) {
444         PCIBridge *b = PCI_BRIDGE(s);
445         pci_bridge_update_mappings(b);
446     }
447 
448     memory_region_set_enabled(&s->bus_master_enable_region,
449                               pci_get_word(s->config + PCI_COMMAND)
450                               & PCI_COMMAND_MASTER);
451 
452     g_free(config);
453     return 0;
454 }
455 
456 /* just put buffer */
457 static void put_pci_config_device(QEMUFile *f, void *pv, size_t size)
458 {
459     const uint8_t **v = pv;
460     assert(size == pci_config_size(container_of(pv, PCIDevice, config)));
461     qemu_put_buffer(f, *v, size);
462 }
463 
464 static VMStateInfo vmstate_info_pci_config = {
465     .name = "pci config",
466     .get  = get_pci_config_device,
467     .put  = put_pci_config_device,
468 };
469 
470 static int get_pci_irq_state(QEMUFile *f, void *pv, size_t size)
471 {
472     PCIDevice *s = container_of(pv, PCIDevice, irq_state);
473     uint32_t irq_state[PCI_NUM_PINS];
474     int i;
475     for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; ++i) {
476         irq_state[i] = qemu_get_be32(f);
477         if (irq_state[i] != 0x1 && irq_state[i] != 0) {
478             fprintf(stderr, "irq state %d: must be 0 or 1.\n",
479                     irq_state[i]);
480             return -EINVAL;
481         }
482     }
483 
484     for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; ++i) {
485         pci_set_irq_state(s, i, irq_state[i]);
486     }
487 
488     return 0;
489 }
490 
491 static void put_pci_irq_state(QEMUFile *f, void *pv, size_t size)
492 {
493     int i;
494     PCIDevice *s = container_of(pv, PCIDevice, irq_state);
495 
496     for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; ++i) {
497         qemu_put_be32(f, pci_irq_state(s, i));
498     }
499 }
500 
501 static VMStateInfo vmstate_info_pci_irq_state = {
502     .name = "pci irq state",
503     .get  = get_pci_irq_state,
504     .put  = put_pci_irq_state,
505 };
506 
507 const VMStateDescription vmstate_pci_device = {
508     .name = "PCIDevice",
509     .version_id = 2,
510     .minimum_version_id = 1,
511     .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
512         VMSTATE_INT32_POSITIVE_LE(version_id, PCIDevice),
513         VMSTATE_BUFFER_UNSAFE_INFO(config, PCIDevice, 0,
514                                    vmstate_info_pci_config,
515                                    PCI_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE),
516         VMSTATE_BUFFER_UNSAFE_INFO(irq_state, PCIDevice, 2,
517 				   vmstate_info_pci_irq_state,
518 				   PCI_NUM_PINS * sizeof(int32_t)),
519         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
520     }
521 };
522 
523 const VMStateDescription vmstate_pcie_device = {
524     .name = "PCIEDevice",
525     .version_id = 2,
526     .minimum_version_id = 1,
527     .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
528         VMSTATE_INT32_POSITIVE_LE(version_id, PCIDevice),
529         VMSTATE_BUFFER_UNSAFE_INFO(config, PCIDevice, 0,
530                                    vmstate_info_pci_config,
531                                    PCIE_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE),
532         VMSTATE_BUFFER_UNSAFE_INFO(irq_state, PCIDevice, 2,
533 				   vmstate_info_pci_irq_state,
534 				   PCI_NUM_PINS * sizeof(int32_t)),
535         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
536     }
537 };
538 
539 static inline const VMStateDescription *pci_get_vmstate(PCIDevice *s)
540 {
541     return pci_is_express(s) ? &vmstate_pcie_device : &vmstate_pci_device;
542 }
543 
544 void pci_device_save(PCIDevice *s, QEMUFile *f)
545 {
546     /* Clear interrupt status bit: it is implicit
547      * in irq_state which we are saving.
548      * This makes us compatible with old devices
549      * which never set or clear this bit. */
550     s->config[PCI_STATUS] &= ~PCI_STATUS_INTERRUPT;
551     vmstate_save_state(f, pci_get_vmstate(s), s, NULL);
552     /* Restore the interrupt status bit. */
553     pci_update_irq_status(s);
554 }
555 
556 int pci_device_load(PCIDevice *s, QEMUFile *f)
557 {
558     int ret;
559     ret = vmstate_load_state(f, pci_get_vmstate(s), s, s->version_id);
560     /* Restore the interrupt status bit. */
561     pci_update_irq_status(s);
562     return ret;
563 }
564 
565 static void pci_set_default_subsystem_id(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
566 {
567     pci_set_word(pci_dev->config + PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID,
568                  pci_default_sub_vendor_id);
569     pci_set_word(pci_dev->config + PCI_SUBSYSTEM_ID,
570                  pci_default_sub_device_id);
571 }
572 
573 /*
574  * Parse [[<domain>:]<bus>:]<slot>, return -1 on error if funcp == NULL
575  *       [[<domain>:]<bus>:]<slot>.<func>, return -1 on error
576  */
577 static int pci_parse_devaddr(const char *addr, int *domp, int *busp,
578                              unsigned int *slotp, unsigned int *funcp)
579 {
580     const char *p;
581     char *e;
582     unsigned long val;
583     unsigned long dom = 0, bus = 0;
584     unsigned int slot = 0;
585     unsigned int func = 0;
586 
587     p = addr;
588     val = strtoul(p, &e, 16);
589     if (e == p)
590 	return -1;
591     if (*e == ':') {
592 	bus = val;
593 	p = e + 1;
594 	val = strtoul(p, &e, 16);
595 	if (e == p)
596 	    return -1;
597 	if (*e == ':') {
598 	    dom = bus;
599 	    bus = val;
600 	    p = e + 1;
601 	    val = strtoul(p, &e, 16);
602 	    if (e == p)
603 		return -1;
604 	}
605     }
606 
607     slot = val;
608 
609     if (funcp != NULL) {
610         if (*e != '.')
611             return -1;
612 
613         p = e + 1;
614         val = strtoul(p, &e, 16);
615         if (e == p)
616             return -1;
617 
618         func = val;
619     }
620 
621     /* if funcp == NULL func is 0 */
622     if (dom > 0xffff || bus > 0xff || slot > 0x1f || func > 7)
623 	return -1;
624 
625     if (*e)
626 	return -1;
627 
628     *domp = dom;
629     *busp = bus;
630     *slotp = slot;
631     if (funcp != NULL)
632         *funcp = func;
633     return 0;
634 }
635 
636 static PCIBus *pci_get_bus_devfn(int *devfnp, PCIBus *root,
637                                  const char *devaddr)
638 {
639     int dom, bus;
640     unsigned slot;
641 
642     if (!root) {
643         fprintf(stderr, "No primary PCI bus\n");
644         return NULL;
645     }
646 
647     assert(!root->parent_dev);
648 
649     if (!devaddr) {
650         *devfnp = -1;
651         return pci_find_bus_nr(root, 0);
652     }
653 
654     if (pci_parse_devaddr(devaddr, &dom, &bus, &slot, NULL) < 0) {
655         return NULL;
656     }
657 
658     if (dom != 0) {
659         fprintf(stderr, "No support for non-zero PCI domains\n");
660         return NULL;
661     }
662 
663     *devfnp = PCI_DEVFN(slot, 0);
664     return pci_find_bus_nr(root, bus);
665 }
666 
667 static void pci_init_cmask(PCIDevice *dev)
668 {
669     pci_set_word(dev->cmask + PCI_VENDOR_ID, 0xffff);
670     pci_set_word(dev->cmask + PCI_DEVICE_ID, 0xffff);
671     dev->cmask[PCI_STATUS] = PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST;
672     dev->cmask[PCI_REVISION_ID] = 0xff;
673     dev->cmask[PCI_CLASS_PROG] = 0xff;
674     pci_set_word(dev->cmask + PCI_CLASS_DEVICE, 0xffff);
675     dev->cmask[PCI_HEADER_TYPE] = 0xff;
676     dev->cmask[PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST] = 0xff;
677 }
678 
679 static void pci_init_wmask(PCIDevice *dev)
680 {
681     int config_size = pci_config_size(dev);
682 
683     dev->wmask[PCI_CACHE_LINE_SIZE] = 0xff;
684     dev->wmask[PCI_INTERRUPT_LINE] = 0xff;
685     pci_set_word(dev->wmask + PCI_COMMAND,
686                  PCI_COMMAND_IO | PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY | PCI_COMMAND_MASTER |
687                  PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE);
688     if (dev->cap_present & QEMU_PCI_CAP_SERR) {
689         pci_word_test_and_set_mask(dev->wmask + PCI_COMMAND, PCI_COMMAND_SERR);
690     }
691 
692     memset(dev->wmask + PCI_CONFIG_HEADER_SIZE, 0xff,
693            config_size - PCI_CONFIG_HEADER_SIZE);
694 }
695 
696 static void pci_init_w1cmask(PCIDevice *dev)
697 {
698     /*
699      * Note: It's okay to set w1cmask even for readonly bits as
700      * long as their value is hardwired to 0.
701      */
702     pci_set_word(dev->w1cmask + PCI_STATUS,
703                  PCI_STATUS_PARITY | PCI_STATUS_SIG_TARGET_ABORT |
704                  PCI_STATUS_REC_TARGET_ABORT | PCI_STATUS_REC_MASTER_ABORT |
705                  PCI_STATUS_SIG_SYSTEM_ERROR | PCI_STATUS_DETECTED_PARITY);
706 }
707 
708 static void pci_init_mask_bridge(PCIDevice *d)
709 {
710     /* PCI_PRIMARY_BUS, PCI_SECONDARY_BUS, PCI_SUBORDINATE_BUS and
711        PCI_SEC_LETENCY_TIMER */
712     memset(d->wmask + PCI_PRIMARY_BUS, 0xff, 4);
713 
714     /* base and limit */
715     d->wmask[PCI_IO_BASE] = PCI_IO_RANGE_MASK & 0xff;
716     d->wmask[PCI_IO_LIMIT] = PCI_IO_RANGE_MASK & 0xff;
717     pci_set_word(d->wmask + PCI_MEMORY_BASE,
718                  PCI_MEMORY_RANGE_MASK & 0xffff);
719     pci_set_word(d->wmask + PCI_MEMORY_LIMIT,
720                  PCI_MEMORY_RANGE_MASK & 0xffff);
721     pci_set_word(d->wmask + PCI_PREF_MEMORY_BASE,
722                  PCI_PREF_RANGE_MASK & 0xffff);
723     pci_set_word(d->wmask + PCI_PREF_MEMORY_LIMIT,
724                  PCI_PREF_RANGE_MASK & 0xffff);
725 
726     /* PCI_PREF_BASE_UPPER32 and PCI_PREF_LIMIT_UPPER32 */
727     memset(d->wmask + PCI_PREF_BASE_UPPER32, 0xff, 8);
728 
729     /* Supported memory and i/o types */
730     d->config[PCI_IO_BASE] |= PCI_IO_RANGE_TYPE_16;
731     d->config[PCI_IO_LIMIT] |= PCI_IO_RANGE_TYPE_16;
732     pci_word_test_and_set_mask(d->config + PCI_PREF_MEMORY_BASE,
733                                PCI_PREF_RANGE_TYPE_64);
734     pci_word_test_and_set_mask(d->config + PCI_PREF_MEMORY_LIMIT,
735                                PCI_PREF_RANGE_TYPE_64);
736 
737     /*
738      * TODO: Bridges default to 10-bit VGA decoding but we currently only
739      * implement 16-bit decoding (no alias support).
740      */
741     pci_set_word(d->wmask + PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL,
742                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_PARITY |
743                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_SERR |
744                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_ISA |
745                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_VGA |
746                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_VGA_16BIT |
747                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_MASTER_ABORT |
748                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_BUS_RESET |
749                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_FAST_BACK |
750                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_DISCARD |
751                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_SEC_DISCARD |
752                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_DISCARD_SERR);
753     /* Below does not do anything as we never set this bit, put here for
754      * completeness. */
755     pci_set_word(d->w1cmask + PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL,
756                  PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_DISCARD_STATUS);
757     d->cmask[PCI_IO_BASE] |= PCI_IO_RANGE_TYPE_MASK;
758     d->cmask[PCI_IO_LIMIT] |= PCI_IO_RANGE_TYPE_MASK;
759     pci_word_test_and_set_mask(d->cmask + PCI_PREF_MEMORY_BASE,
760                                PCI_PREF_RANGE_TYPE_MASK);
761     pci_word_test_and_set_mask(d->cmask + PCI_PREF_MEMORY_LIMIT,
762                                PCI_PREF_RANGE_TYPE_MASK);
763 }
764 
765 static void pci_init_multifunction(PCIBus *bus, PCIDevice *dev, Error **errp)
766 {
767     uint8_t slot = PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn);
768     uint8_t func;
769 
770     if (dev->cap_present & QEMU_PCI_CAP_MULTIFUNCTION) {
771         dev->config[PCI_HEADER_TYPE] |= PCI_HEADER_TYPE_MULTI_FUNCTION;
772     }
773 
774     /*
775      * multifunction bit is interpreted in two ways as follows.
776      *   - all functions must set the bit to 1.
777      *     Example: Intel X53
778      *   - function 0 must set the bit, but the rest function (> 0)
779      *     is allowed to leave the bit to 0.
780      *     Example: PIIX3(also in qemu), PIIX4(also in qemu), ICH10,
781      *
782      * So OS (at least Linux) checks the bit of only function 0,
783      * and doesn't see the bit of function > 0.
784      *
785      * The below check allows both interpretation.
786      */
787     if (PCI_FUNC(dev->devfn)) {
788         PCIDevice *f0 = bus->devices[PCI_DEVFN(slot, 0)];
789         if (f0 && !(f0->cap_present & QEMU_PCI_CAP_MULTIFUNCTION)) {
790             /* function 0 should set multifunction bit */
791             error_setg(errp, "PCI: single function device can't be populated "
792                        "in function %x.%x", slot, PCI_FUNC(dev->devfn));
793             return;
794         }
795         return;
796     }
797 
798     if (dev->cap_present & QEMU_PCI_CAP_MULTIFUNCTION) {
799         return;
800     }
801     /* function 0 indicates single function, so function > 0 must be NULL */
802     for (func = 1; func < PCI_FUNC_MAX; ++func) {
803         if (bus->devices[PCI_DEVFN(slot, func)]) {
804             error_setg(errp, "PCI: %x.0 indicates single function, "
805                        "but %x.%x is already populated.",
806                        slot, slot, func);
807             return;
808         }
809     }
810 }
811 
812 static void pci_config_alloc(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
813 {
814     int config_size = pci_config_size(pci_dev);
815 
816     pci_dev->config = g_malloc0(config_size);
817     pci_dev->cmask = g_malloc0(config_size);
818     pci_dev->wmask = g_malloc0(config_size);
819     pci_dev->w1cmask = g_malloc0(config_size);
820     pci_dev->used = g_malloc0(config_size);
821 }
822 
823 static void pci_config_free(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
824 {
825     g_free(pci_dev->config);
826     g_free(pci_dev->cmask);
827     g_free(pci_dev->wmask);
828     g_free(pci_dev->w1cmask);
829     g_free(pci_dev->used);
830 }
831 
832 static void do_pci_unregister_device(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
833 {
834     pci_dev->bus->devices[pci_dev->devfn] = NULL;
835     pci_config_free(pci_dev);
836 
837     address_space_destroy(&pci_dev->bus_master_as);
838 }
839 
840 /* -1 for devfn means auto assign */
841 static PCIDevice *do_pci_register_device(PCIDevice *pci_dev, PCIBus *bus,
842                                          const char *name, int devfn,
843                                          Error **errp)
844 {
845     PCIDeviceClass *pc = PCI_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(pci_dev);
846     PCIConfigReadFunc *config_read = pc->config_read;
847     PCIConfigWriteFunc *config_write = pc->config_write;
848     Error *local_err = NULL;
849     AddressSpace *dma_as;
850 
851     if (devfn < 0) {
852         for(devfn = bus->devfn_min ; devfn < ARRAY_SIZE(bus->devices);
853             devfn += PCI_FUNC_MAX) {
854             if (!bus->devices[devfn])
855                 goto found;
856         }
857         error_setg(errp, "PCI: no slot/function available for %s, all in use",
858                    name);
859         return NULL;
860     found: ;
861     } else if (bus->devices[devfn]) {
862         error_setg(errp, "PCI: slot %d function %d not available for %s,"
863                    " in use by %s",
864                    PCI_SLOT(devfn), PCI_FUNC(devfn), name,
865                    bus->devices[devfn]->name);
866         return NULL;
867     }
868 
869     pci_dev->bus = bus;
870     pci_dev->devfn = devfn;
871     dma_as = pci_device_iommu_address_space(pci_dev);
872 
873     memory_region_init_alias(&pci_dev->bus_master_enable_region,
874                              OBJECT(pci_dev), "bus master",
875                              dma_as->root, 0, memory_region_size(dma_as->root));
876     memory_region_set_enabled(&pci_dev->bus_master_enable_region, false);
877     address_space_init(&pci_dev->bus_master_as, &pci_dev->bus_master_enable_region,
878                        name);
879 
880     pstrcpy(pci_dev->name, sizeof(pci_dev->name), name);
881     pci_dev->irq_state = 0;
882     pci_config_alloc(pci_dev);
883 
884     pci_config_set_vendor_id(pci_dev->config, pc->vendor_id);
885     pci_config_set_device_id(pci_dev->config, pc->device_id);
886     pci_config_set_revision(pci_dev->config, pc->revision);
887     pci_config_set_class(pci_dev->config, pc->class_id);
888 
889     if (!pc->is_bridge) {
890         if (pc->subsystem_vendor_id || pc->subsystem_id) {
891             pci_set_word(pci_dev->config + PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID,
892                          pc->subsystem_vendor_id);
893             pci_set_word(pci_dev->config + PCI_SUBSYSTEM_ID,
894                          pc->subsystem_id);
895         } else {
896             pci_set_default_subsystem_id(pci_dev);
897         }
898     } else {
899         /* subsystem_vendor_id/subsystem_id are only for header type 0 */
900         assert(!pc->subsystem_vendor_id);
901         assert(!pc->subsystem_id);
902     }
903     pci_init_cmask(pci_dev);
904     pci_init_wmask(pci_dev);
905     pci_init_w1cmask(pci_dev);
906     if (pc->is_bridge) {
907         pci_init_mask_bridge(pci_dev);
908     }
909     pci_init_multifunction(bus, pci_dev, &local_err);
910     if (local_err) {
911         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
912         do_pci_unregister_device(pci_dev);
913         return NULL;
914     }
915 
916     if (!config_read)
917         config_read = pci_default_read_config;
918     if (!config_write)
919         config_write = pci_default_write_config;
920     pci_dev->config_read = config_read;
921     pci_dev->config_write = config_write;
922     bus->devices[devfn] = pci_dev;
923     pci_dev->version_id = 2; /* Current pci device vmstate version */
924     return pci_dev;
925 }
926 
927 static void pci_unregister_io_regions(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
928 {
929     PCIIORegion *r;
930     int i;
931 
932     for(i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_REGIONS; i++) {
933         r = &pci_dev->io_regions[i];
934         if (!r->size || r->addr == PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED)
935             continue;
936         memory_region_del_subregion(r->address_space, r->memory);
937     }
938 
939     pci_unregister_vga(pci_dev);
940 }
941 
942 static void pci_qdev_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
943 {
944     PCIDevice *pci_dev = PCI_DEVICE(dev);
945     PCIDeviceClass *pc = PCI_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(pci_dev);
946 
947     pci_unregister_io_regions(pci_dev);
948     pci_del_option_rom(pci_dev);
949 
950     if (pc->exit) {
951         pc->exit(pci_dev);
952     }
953 
954     do_pci_unregister_device(pci_dev);
955 }
956 
957 void pci_register_bar(PCIDevice *pci_dev, int region_num,
958                       uint8_t type, MemoryRegion *memory)
959 {
960     PCIIORegion *r;
961     uint32_t addr;
962     uint64_t wmask;
963     pcibus_t size = memory_region_size(memory);
964 
965     assert(region_num >= 0);
966     assert(region_num < PCI_NUM_REGIONS);
967     if (size & (size-1)) {
968         fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: PCI region size must be pow2 "
969                     "type=0x%x, size=0x%"FMT_PCIBUS"\n", type, size);
970         exit(1);
971     }
972 
973     r = &pci_dev->io_regions[region_num];
974     r->addr = PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED;
975     r->size = size;
976     r->type = type;
977     r->memory = NULL;
978 
979     wmask = ~(size - 1);
980     addr = pci_bar(pci_dev, region_num);
981     if (region_num == PCI_ROM_SLOT) {
982         /* ROM enable bit is writable */
983         wmask |= PCI_ROM_ADDRESS_ENABLE;
984     }
985     pci_set_long(pci_dev->config + addr, type);
986     if (!(r->type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO) &&
987         r->type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_64) {
988         pci_set_quad(pci_dev->wmask + addr, wmask);
989         pci_set_quad(pci_dev->cmask + addr, ~0ULL);
990     } else {
991         pci_set_long(pci_dev->wmask + addr, wmask & 0xffffffff);
992         pci_set_long(pci_dev->cmask + addr, 0xffffffff);
993     }
994     pci_dev->io_regions[region_num].memory = memory;
995     pci_dev->io_regions[region_num].address_space
996         = type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO
997         ? pci_dev->bus->address_space_io
998         : pci_dev->bus->address_space_mem;
999 }
1000 
1001 static void pci_update_vga(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
1002 {
1003     uint16_t cmd;
1004 
1005     if (!pci_dev->has_vga) {
1006         return;
1007     }
1008 
1009     cmd = pci_get_word(pci_dev->config + PCI_COMMAND);
1010 
1011     memory_region_set_enabled(pci_dev->vga_regions[QEMU_PCI_VGA_MEM],
1012                               cmd & PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY);
1013     memory_region_set_enabled(pci_dev->vga_regions[QEMU_PCI_VGA_IO_LO],
1014                               cmd & PCI_COMMAND_IO);
1015     memory_region_set_enabled(pci_dev->vga_regions[QEMU_PCI_VGA_IO_HI],
1016                               cmd & PCI_COMMAND_IO);
1017 }
1018 
1019 void pci_register_vga(PCIDevice *pci_dev, MemoryRegion *mem,
1020                       MemoryRegion *io_lo, MemoryRegion *io_hi)
1021 {
1022     assert(!pci_dev->has_vga);
1023 
1024     assert(memory_region_size(mem) == QEMU_PCI_VGA_MEM_SIZE);
1025     pci_dev->vga_regions[QEMU_PCI_VGA_MEM] = mem;
1026     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(pci_dev->bus->address_space_mem,
1027                                         QEMU_PCI_VGA_MEM_BASE, mem, 1);
1028 
1029     assert(memory_region_size(io_lo) == QEMU_PCI_VGA_IO_LO_SIZE);
1030     pci_dev->vga_regions[QEMU_PCI_VGA_IO_LO] = io_lo;
1031     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(pci_dev->bus->address_space_io,
1032                                         QEMU_PCI_VGA_IO_LO_BASE, io_lo, 1);
1033 
1034     assert(memory_region_size(io_hi) == QEMU_PCI_VGA_IO_HI_SIZE);
1035     pci_dev->vga_regions[QEMU_PCI_VGA_IO_HI] = io_hi;
1036     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(pci_dev->bus->address_space_io,
1037                                         QEMU_PCI_VGA_IO_HI_BASE, io_hi, 1);
1038     pci_dev->has_vga = true;
1039 
1040     pci_update_vga(pci_dev);
1041 }
1042 
1043 void pci_unregister_vga(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
1044 {
1045     if (!pci_dev->has_vga) {
1046         return;
1047     }
1048 
1049     memory_region_del_subregion(pci_dev->bus->address_space_mem,
1050                                 pci_dev->vga_regions[QEMU_PCI_VGA_MEM]);
1051     memory_region_del_subregion(pci_dev->bus->address_space_io,
1052                                 pci_dev->vga_regions[QEMU_PCI_VGA_IO_LO]);
1053     memory_region_del_subregion(pci_dev->bus->address_space_io,
1054                                 pci_dev->vga_regions[QEMU_PCI_VGA_IO_HI]);
1055     pci_dev->has_vga = false;
1056 }
1057 
1058 pcibus_t pci_get_bar_addr(PCIDevice *pci_dev, int region_num)
1059 {
1060     return pci_dev->io_regions[region_num].addr;
1061 }
1062 
1063 static pcibus_t pci_bar_address(PCIDevice *d,
1064 				int reg, uint8_t type, pcibus_t size)
1065 {
1066     pcibus_t new_addr, last_addr;
1067     int bar = pci_bar(d, reg);
1068     uint16_t cmd = pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_COMMAND);
1069     Object *machine = qdev_get_machine();
1070     ObjectClass *oc = object_get_class(machine);
1071     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1072     bool allow_0_address = mc->pci_allow_0_address;
1073 
1074     if (type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO) {
1075         if (!(cmd & PCI_COMMAND_IO)) {
1076             return PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED;
1077         }
1078         new_addr = pci_get_long(d->config + bar) & ~(size - 1);
1079         last_addr = new_addr + size - 1;
1080         /* Check if 32 bit BAR wraps around explicitly.
1081          * TODO: make priorities correct and remove this work around.
1082          */
1083         if (last_addr <= new_addr || last_addr >= UINT32_MAX ||
1084             (!allow_0_address && new_addr == 0)) {
1085             return PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED;
1086         }
1087         return new_addr;
1088     }
1089 
1090     if (!(cmd & PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY)) {
1091         return PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED;
1092     }
1093     if (type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_64) {
1094         new_addr = pci_get_quad(d->config + bar);
1095     } else {
1096         new_addr = pci_get_long(d->config + bar);
1097     }
1098     /* the ROM slot has a specific enable bit */
1099     if (reg == PCI_ROM_SLOT && !(new_addr & PCI_ROM_ADDRESS_ENABLE)) {
1100         return PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED;
1101     }
1102     new_addr &= ~(size - 1);
1103     last_addr = new_addr + size - 1;
1104     /* NOTE: we do not support wrapping */
1105     /* XXX: as we cannot support really dynamic
1106        mappings, we handle specific values as invalid
1107        mappings. */
1108     if (last_addr <= new_addr || last_addr == PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED ||
1109         (!allow_0_address && new_addr == 0)) {
1110         return PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED;
1111     }
1112 
1113     /* Now pcibus_t is 64bit.
1114      * Check if 32 bit BAR wraps around explicitly.
1115      * Without this, PC ide doesn't work well.
1116      * TODO: remove this work around.
1117      */
1118     if  (!(type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_64) && last_addr >= UINT32_MAX) {
1119         return PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED;
1120     }
1121 
1122     /*
1123      * OS is allowed to set BAR beyond its addressable
1124      * bits. For example, 32 bit OS can set 64bit bar
1125      * to >4G. Check it. TODO: we might need to support
1126      * it in the future for e.g. PAE.
1127      */
1128     if (last_addr >= HWADDR_MAX) {
1129         return PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED;
1130     }
1131 
1132     return new_addr;
1133 }
1134 
1135 static void pci_update_mappings(PCIDevice *d)
1136 {
1137     PCIIORegion *r;
1138     int i;
1139     pcibus_t new_addr;
1140 
1141     for(i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_REGIONS; i++) {
1142         r = &d->io_regions[i];
1143 
1144         /* this region isn't registered */
1145         if (!r->size)
1146             continue;
1147 
1148         new_addr = pci_bar_address(d, i, r->type, r->size);
1149 
1150         /* This bar isn't changed */
1151         if (new_addr == r->addr)
1152             continue;
1153 
1154         /* now do the real mapping */
1155         if (r->addr != PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED) {
1156             trace_pci_update_mappings_del(d, pci_bus_num(d->bus),
1157                                           PCI_FUNC(d->devfn),
1158                                           PCI_SLOT(d->devfn),
1159                                           i, r->addr, r->size);
1160             memory_region_del_subregion(r->address_space, r->memory);
1161         }
1162         r->addr = new_addr;
1163         if (r->addr != PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED) {
1164             trace_pci_update_mappings_add(d, pci_bus_num(d->bus),
1165                                           PCI_FUNC(d->devfn),
1166                                           PCI_SLOT(d->devfn),
1167                                           i, r->addr, r->size);
1168             memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(r->address_space,
1169                                                 r->addr, r->memory, 1);
1170         }
1171     }
1172 
1173     pci_update_vga(d);
1174 }
1175 
1176 static inline int pci_irq_disabled(PCIDevice *d)
1177 {
1178     return pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_COMMAND) & PCI_COMMAND_INTX_DISABLE;
1179 }
1180 
1181 /* Called after interrupt disabled field update in config space,
1182  * assert/deassert interrupts if necessary.
1183  * Gets original interrupt disable bit value (before update). */
1184 static void pci_update_irq_disabled(PCIDevice *d, int was_irq_disabled)
1185 {
1186     int i, disabled = pci_irq_disabled(d);
1187     if (disabled == was_irq_disabled)
1188         return;
1189     for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_PINS; ++i) {
1190         int state = pci_irq_state(d, i);
1191         pci_change_irq_level(d, i, disabled ? -state : state);
1192     }
1193 }
1194 
1195 uint32_t pci_default_read_config(PCIDevice *d,
1196                                  uint32_t address, int len)
1197 {
1198     uint32_t val = 0;
1199 
1200     memcpy(&val, d->config + address, len);
1201     return le32_to_cpu(val);
1202 }
1203 
1204 void pci_default_write_config(PCIDevice *d, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val_in, int l)
1205 {
1206     int i, was_irq_disabled = pci_irq_disabled(d);
1207     uint32_t val = val_in;
1208 
1209     for (i = 0; i < l; val >>= 8, ++i) {
1210         uint8_t wmask = d->wmask[addr + i];
1211         uint8_t w1cmask = d->w1cmask[addr + i];
1212         assert(!(wmask & w1cmask));
1213         d->config[addr + i] = (d->config[addr + i] & ~wmask) | (val & wmask);
1214         d->config[addr + i] &= ~(val & w1cmask); /* W1C: Write 1 to Clear */
1215     }
1216     if (ranges_overlap(addr, l, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0, 24) ||
1217         ranges_overlap(addr, l, PCI_ROM_ADDRESS, 4) ||
1218         ranges_overlap(addr, l, PCI_ROM_ADDRESS1, 4) ||
1219         range_covers_byte(addr, l, PCI_COMMAND))
1220         pci_update_mappings(d);
1221 
1222     if (range_covers_byte(addr, l, PCI_COMMAND)) {
1223         pci_update_irq_disabled(d, was_irq_disabled);
1224         memory_region_set_enabled(&d->bus_master_enable_region,
1225                                   pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_COMMAND)
1226                                     & PCI_COMMAND_MASTER);
1227     }
1228 
1229     msi_write_config(d, addr, val_in, l);
1230     msix_write_config(d, addr, val_in, l);
1231 }
1232 
1233 /***********************************************************/
1234 /* generic PCI irq support */
1235 
1236 /* 0 <= irq_num <= 3. level must be 0 or 1 */
1237 static void pci_irq_handler(void *opaque, int irq_num, int level)
1238 {
1239     PCIDevice *pci_dev = opaque;
1240     int change;
1241 
1242     change = level - pci_irq_state(pci_dev, irq_num);
1243     if (!change)
1244         return;
1245 
1246     pci_set_irq_state(pci_dev, irq_num, level);
1247     pci_update_irq_status(pci_dev);
1248     if (pci_irq_disabled(pci_dev))
1249         return;
1250     pci_change_irq_level(pci_dev, irq_num, change);
1251 }
1252 
1253 static inline int pci_intx(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
1254 {
1255     return pci_get_byte(pci_dev->config + PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN) - 1;
1256 }
1257 
1258 qemu_irq pci_allocate_irq(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
1259 {
1260     int intx = pci_intx(pci_dev);
1261 
1262     return qemu_allocate_irq(pci_irq_handler, pci_dev, intx);
1263 }
1264 
1265 void pci_set_irq(PCIDevice *pci_dev, int level)
1266 {
1267     int intx = pci_intx(pci_dev);
1268     pci_irq_handler(pci_dev, intx, level);
1269 }
1270 
1271 /* Special hooks used by device assignment */
1272 void pci_bus_set_route_irq_fn(PCIBus *bus, pci_route_irq_fn route_intx_to_irq)
1273 {
1274     assert(pci_bus_is_root(bus));
1275     bus->route_intx_to_irq = route_intx_to_irq;
1276 }
1277 
1278 PCIINTxRoute pci_device_route_intx_to_irq(PCIDevice *dev, int pin)
1279 {
1280     PCIBus *bus;
1281 
1282     do {
1283          bus = dev->bus;
1284          pin = bus->map_irq(dev, pin);
1285          dev = bus->parent_dev;
1286     } while (dev);
1287 
1288     if (!bus->route_intx_to_irq) {
1289         error_report("PCI: Bug - unimplemented PCI INTx routing (%s)",
1290                      object_get_typename(OBJECT(bus->qbus.parent)));
1291         return (PCIINTxRoute) { PCI_INTX_DISABLED, -1 };
1292     }
1293 
1294     return bus->route_intx_to_irq(bus->irq_opaque, pin);
1295 }
1296 
1297 bool pci_intx_route_changed(PCIINTxRoute *old, PCIINTxRoute *new)
1298 {
1299     return old->mode != new->mode || old->irq != new->irq;
1300 }
1301 
1302 void pci_bus_fire_intx_routing_notifier(PCIBus *bus)
1303 {
1304     PCIDevice *dev;
1305     PCIBus *sec;
1306     int i;
1307 
1308     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bus->devices); ++i) {
1309         dev = bus->devices[i];
1310         if (dev && dev->intx_routing_notifier) {
1311             dev->intx_routing_notifier(dev);
1312         }
1313     }
1314 
1315     QLIST_FOREACH(sec, &bus->child, sibling) {
1316         pci_bus_fire_intx_routing_notifier(sec);
1317     }
1318 }
1319 
1320 void pci_device_set_intx_routing_notifier(PCIDevice *dev,
1321                                           PCIINTxRoutingNotifier notifier)
1322 {
1323     dev->intx_routing_notifier = notifier;
1324 }
1325 
1326 /*
1327  * PCI-to-PCI bridge specification
1328  * 9.1: Interrupt routing. Table 9-1
1329  *
1330  * the PCI Express Base Specification, Revision 2.1
1331  * 2.2.8.1: INTx interrutp signaling - Rules
1332  *          the Implementation Note
1333  *          Table 2-20
1334  */
1335 /*
1336  * 0 <= pin <= 3 0 = INTA, 1 = INTB, 2 = INTC, 3 = INTD
1337  * 0-origin unlike PCI interrupt pin register.
1338  */
1339 int pci_swizzle_map_irq_fn(PCIDevice *pci_dev, int pin)
1340 {
1341     return (pin + PCI_SLOT(pci_dev->devfn)) % PCI_NUM_PINS;
1342 }
1343 
1344 /***********************************************************/
1345 /* monitor info on PCI */
1346 
1347 typedef struct {
1348     uint16_t class;
1349     const char *desc;
1350     const char *fw_name;
1351     uint16_t fw_ign_bits;
1352 } pci_class_desc;
1353 
1354 static const pci_class_desc pci_class_descriptions[] =
1355 {
1356     { 0x0001, "VGA controller", "display"},
1357     { 0x0100, "SCSI controller", "scsi"},
1358     { 0x0101, "IDE controller", "ide"},
1359     { 0x0102, "Floppy controller", "fdc"},
1360     { 0x0103, "IPI controller", "ipi"},
1361     { 0x0104, "RAID controller", "raid"},
1362     { 0x0106, "SATA controller"},
1363     { 0x0107, "SAS controller"},
1364     { 0x0180, "Storage controller"},
1365     { 0x0200, "Ethernet controller", "ethernet"},
1366     { 0x0201, "Token Ring controller", "token-ring"},
1367     { 0x0202, "FDDI controller", "fddi"},
1368     { 0x0203, "ATM controller", "atm"},
1369     { 0x0280, "Network controller"},
1370     { 0x0300, "VGA controller", "display", 0x00ff},
1371     { 0x0301, "XGA controller"},
1372     { 0x0302, "3D controller"},
1373     { 0x0380, "Display controller"},
1374     { 0x0400, "Video controller", "video"},
1375     { 0x0401, "Audio controller", "sound"},
1376     { 0x0402, "Phone"},
1377     { 0x0403, "Audio controller", "sound"},
1378     { 0x0480, "Multimedia controller"},
1379     { 0x0500, "RAM controller", "memory"},
1380     { 0x0501, "Flash controller", "flash"},
1381     { 0x0580, "Memory controller"},
1382     { 0x0600, "Host bridge", "host"},
1383     { 0x0601, "ISA bridge", "isa"},
1384     { 0x0602, "EISA bridge", "eisa"},
1385     { 0x0603, "MC bridge", "mca"},
1386     { 0x0604, "PCI bridge", "pci-bridge"},
1387     { 0x0605, "PCMCIA bridge", "pcmcia"},
1388     { 0x0606, "NUBUS bridge", "nubus"},
1389     { 0x0607, "CARDBUS bridge", "cardbus"},
1390     { 0x0608, "RACEWAY bridge"},
1391     { 0x0680, "Bridge"},
1392     { 0x0700, "Serial port", "serial"},
1393     { 0x0701, "Parallel port", "parallel"},
1394     { 0x0800, "Interrupt controller", "interrupt-controller"},
1395     { 0x0801, "DMA controller", "dma-controller"},
1396     { 0x0802, "Timer", "timer"},
1397     { 0x0803, "RTC", "rtc"},
1398     { 0x0900, "Keyboard", "keyboard"},
1399     { 0x0901, "Pen", "pen"},
1400     { 0x0902, "Mouse", "mouse"},
1401     { 0x0A00, "Dock station", "dock", 0x00ff},
1402     { 0x0B00, "i386 cpu", "cpu", 0x00ff},
1403     { 0x0c00, "Fireware contorller", "fireware"},
1404     { 0x0c01, "Access bus controller", "access-bus"},
1405     { 0x0c02, "SSA controller", "ssa"},
1406     { 0x0c03, "USB controller", "usb"},
1407     { 0x0c04, "Fibre channel controller", "fibre-channel"},
1408     { 0x0c05, "SMBus"},
1409     { 0, NULL}
1410 };
1411 
1412 static void pci_for_each_device_under_bus(PCIBus *bus,
1413                                           void (*fn)(PCIBus *b, PCIDevice *d,
1414                                                      void *opaque),
1415                                           void *opaque)
1416 {
1417     PCIDevice *d;
1418     int devfn;
1419 
1420     for(devfn = 0; devfn < ARRAY_SIZE(bus->devices); devfn++) {
1421         d = bus->devices[devfn];
1422         if (d) {
1423             fn(bus, d, opaque);
1424         }
1425     }
1426 }
1427 
1428 void pci_for_each_device(PCIBus *bus, int bus_num,
1429                          void (*fn)(PCIBus *b, PCIDevice *d, void *opaque),
1430                          void *opaque)
1431 {
1432     bus = pci_find_bus_nr(bus, bus_num);
1433 
1434     if (bus) {
1435         pci_for_each_device_under_bus(bus, fn, opaque);
1436     }
1437 }
1438 
1439 static const pci_class_desc *get_class_desc(int class)
1440 {
1441     const pci_class_desc *desc;
1442 
1443     desc = pci_class_descriptions;
1444     while (desc->desc && class != desc->class) {
1445         desc++;
1446     }
1447 
1448     return desc;
1449 }
1450 
1451 static PciDeviceInfoList *qmp_query_pci_devices(PCIBus *bus, int bus_num);
1452 
1453 static PciMemoryRegionList *qmp_query_pci_regions(const PCIDevice *dev)
1454 {
1455     PciMemoryRegionList *head = NULL, *cur_item = NULL;
1456     int i;
1457 
1458     for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_REGIONS; i++) {
1459         const PCIIORegion *r = &dev->io_regions[i];
1460         PciMemoryRegionList *region;
1461 
1462         if (!r->size) {
1463             continue;
1464         }
1465 
1466         region = g_malloc0(sizeof(*region));
1467         region->value = g_malloc0(sizeof(*region->value));
1468 
1469         if (r->type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO) {
1470             region->value->type = g_strdup("io");
1471         } else {
1472             region->value->type = g_strdup("memory");
1473             region->value->has_prefetch = true;
1474             region->value->prefetch = !!(r->type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_PREFETCH);
1475             region->value->has_mem_type_64 = true;
1476             region->value->mem_type_64 = !!(r->type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_64);
1477         }
1478 
1479         region->value->bar = i;
1480         region->value->address = r->addr;
1481         region->value->size = r->size;
1482 
1483         /* XXX: waiting for the qapi to support GSList */
1484         if (!cur_item) {
1485             head = cur_item = region;
1486         } else {
1487             cur_item->next = region;
1488             cur_item = region;
1489         }
1490     }
1491 
1492     return head;
1493 }
1494 
1495 static PciBridgeInfo *qmp_query_pci_bridge(PCIDevice *dev, PCIBus *bus,
1496                                            int bus_num)
1497 {
1498     PciBridgeInfo *info;
1499     PciMemoryRange *range;
1500 
1501     info = g_new0(PciBridgeInfo, 1);
1502 
1503     info->bus = g_new0(PciBusInfo, 1);
1504     info->bus->number = dev->config[PCI_PRIMARY_BUS];
1505     info->bus->secondary = dev->config[PCI_SECONDARY_BUS];
1506     info->bus->subordinate = dev->config[PCI_SUBORDINATE_BUS];
1507 
1508     range = info->bus->io_range = g_new0(PciMemoryRange, 1);
1509     range->base = pci_bridge_get_base(dev, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO);
1510     range->limit = pci_bridge_get_limit(dev, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO);
1511 
1512     range = info->bus->memory_range = g_new0(PciMemoryRange, 1);
1513     range->base = pci_bridge_get_base(dev, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY);
1514     range->limit = pci_bridge_get_limit(dev, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY);
1515 
1516     range = info->bus->prefetchable_range = g_new0(PciMemoryRange, 1);
1517     range->base = pci_bridge_get_base(dev, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_PREFETCH);
1518     range->limit = pci_bridge_get_limit(dev, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_PREFETCH);
1519 
1520     if (dev->config[PCI_SECONDARY_BUS] != 0) {
1521         PCIBus *child_bus = pci_find_bus_nr(bus, dev->config[PCI_SECONDARY_BUS]);
1522         if (child_bus) {
1523             info->has_devices = true;
1524             info->devices = qmp_query_pci_devices(child_bus, dev->config[PCI_SECONDARY_BUS]);
1525         }
1526     }
1527 
1528     return info;
1529 }
1530 
1531 static PciDeviceInfo *qmp_query_pci_device(PCIDevice *dev, PCIBus *bus,
1532                                            int bus_num)
1533 {
1534     const pci_class_desc *desc;
1535     PciDeviceInfo *info;
1536     uint8_t type;
1537     int class;
1538 
1539     info = g_new0(PciDeviceInfo, 1);
1540     info->bus = bus_num;
1541     info->slot = PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn);
1542     info->function = PCI_FUNC(dev->devfn);
1543 
1544     info->class_info = g_new0(PciDeviceClass, 1);
1545     class = pci_get_word(dev->config + PCI_CLASS_DEVICE);
1546     info->class_info->q_class = class;
1547     desc = get_class_desc(class);
1548     if (desc->desc) {
1549         info->class_info->has_desc = true;
1550         info->class_info->desc = g_strdup(desc->desc);
1551     }
1552 
1553     info->id = g_new0(PciDeviceId, 1);
1554     info->id->vendor = pci_get_word(dev->config + PCI_VENDOR_ID);
1555     info->id->device = pci_get_word(dev->config + PCI_DEVICE_ID);
1556     info->regions = qmp_query_pci_regions(dev);
1557     info->qdev_id = g_strdup(dev->qdev.id ? dev->qdev.id : "");
1558 
1559     if (dev->config[PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN] != 0) {
1560         info->has_irq = true;
1561         info->irq = dev->config[PCI_INTERRUPT_LINE];
1562     }
1563 
1564     type = dev->config[PCI_HEADER_TYPE] & ~PCI_HEADER_TYPE_MULTI_FUNCTION;
1565     if (type == PCI_HEADER_TYPE_BRIDGE) {
1566         info->has_pci_bridge = true;
1567         info->pci_bridge = qmp_query_pci_bridge(dev, bus, bus_num);
1568     }
1569 
1570     return info;
1571 }
1572 
1573 static PciDeviceInfoList *qmp_query_pci_devices(PCIBus *bus, int bus_num)
1574 {
1575     PciDeviceInfoList *info, *head = NULL, *cur_item = NULL;
1576     PCIDevice *dev;
1577     int devfn;
1578 
1579     for (devfn = 0; devfn < ARRAY_SIZE(bus->devices); devfn++) {
1580         dev = bus->devices[devfn];
1581         if (dev) {
1582             info = g_malloc0(sizeof(*info));
1583             info->value = qmp_query_pci_device(dev, bus, bus_num);
1584 
1585             /* XXX: waiting for the qapi to support GSList */
1586             if (!cur_item) {
1587                 head = cur_item = info;
1588             } else {
1589                 cur_item->next = info;
1590                 cur_item = info;
1591             }
1592         }
1593     }
1594 
1595     return head;
1596 }
1597 
1598 static PciInfo *qmp_query_pci_bus(PCIBus *bus, int bus_num)
1599 {
1600     PciInfo *info = NULL;
1601 
1602     bus = pci_find_bus_nr(bus, bus_num);
1603     if (bus) {
1604         info = g_malloc0(sizeof(*info));
1605         info->bus = bus_num;
1606         info->devices = qmp_query_pci_devices(bus, bus_num);
1607     }
1608 
1609     return info;
1610 }
1611 
1612 PciInfoList *qmp_query_pci(Error **errp)
1613 {
1614     PciInfoList *info, *head = NULL, *cur_item = NULL;
1615     PCIHostState *host_bridge;
1616 
1617     QLIST_FOREACH(host_bridge, &pci_host_bridges, next) {
1618         info = g_malloc0(sizeof(*info));
1619         info->value = qmp_query_pci_bus(host_bridge->bus,
1620                                         pci_bus_num(host_bridge->bus));
1621 
1622         /* XXX: waiting for the qapi to support GSList */
1623         if (!cur_item) {
1624             head = cur_item = info;
1625         } else {
1626             cur_item->next = info;
1627             cur_item = info;
1628         }
1629     }
1630 
1631     return head;
1632 }
1633 
1634 static const char * const pci_nic_models[] = {
1635     "ne2k_pci",
1636     "i82551",
1637     "i82557b",
1638     "i82559er",
1639     "rtl8139",
1640     "e1000",
1641     "pcnet",
1642     "virtio",
1643     NULL
1644 };
1645 
1646 static const char * const pci_nic_names[] = {
1647     "ne2k_pci",
1648     "i82551",
1649     "i82557b",
1650     "i82559er",
1651     "rtl8139",
1652     "e1000",
1653     "pcnet",
1654     "virtio-net-pci",
1655     NULL
1656 };
1657 
1658 /* Initialize a PCI NIC.  */
1659 PCIDevice *pci_nic_init_nofail(NICInfo *nd, PCIBus *rootbus,
1660                                const char *default_model,
1661                                const char *default_devaddr)
1662 {
1663     const char *devaddr = nd->devaddr ? nd->devaddr : default_devaddr;
1664     Error *err = NULL;
1665     PCIBus *bus;
1666     PCIDevice *pci_dev;
1667     DeviceState *dev;
1668     int devfn;
1669     int i;
1670 
1671     if (qemu_show_nic_models(nd->model, pci_nic_models)) {
1672         exit(0);
1673     }
1674 
1675     i = qemu_find_nic_model(nd, pci_nic_models, default_model);
1676     if (i < 0) {
1677         exit(1);
1678     }
1679 
1680     bus = pci_get_bus_devfn(&devfn, rootbus, devaddr);
1681     if (!bus) {
1682         error_report("Invalid PCI device address %s for device %s",
1683                      devaddr, pci_nic_names[i]);
1684         exit(1);
1685     }
1686 
1687     pci_dev = pci_create(bus, devfn, pci_nic_names[i]);
1688     dev = &pci_dev->qdev;
1689     qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
1690 
1691     object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(dev), true, "realized", &err);
1692     if (err) {
1693         error_report_err(err);
1694         object_unparent(OBJECT(dev));
1695         exit(1);
1696     }
1697 
1698     return pci_dev;
1699 }
1700 
1701 PCIDevice *pci_vga_init(PCIBus *bus)
1702 {
1703     switch (vga_interface_type) {
1704     case VGA_CIRRUS:
1705         return pci_create_simple(bus, -1, "cirrus-vga");
1706     case VGA_QXL:
1707         return pci_create_simple(bus, -1, "qxl-vga");
1708     case VGA_STD:
1709         return pci_create_simple(bus, -1, "VGA");
1710     case VGA_VMWARE:
1711         return pci_create_simple(bus, -1, "vmware-svga");
1712     case VGA_VIRTIO:
1713         return pci_create_simple(bus, -1, "virtio-vga");
1714     case VGA_NONE:
1715     default: /* Other non-PCI types. Checking for unsupported types is already
1716                 done in vl.c. */
1717         return NULL;
1718     }
1719 }
1720 
1721 /* Whether a given bus number is in range of the secondary
1722  * bus of the given bridge device. */
1723 static bool pci_secondary_bus_in_range(PCIDevice *dev, int bus_num)
1724 {
1725     return !(pci_get_word(dev->config + PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL) &
1726              PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_BUS_RESET) /* Don't walk the bus if it's reset. */ &&
1727         dev->config[PCI_SECONDARY_BUS] <= bus_num &&
1728         bus_num <= dev->config[PCI_SUBORDINATE_BUS];
1729 }
1730 
1731 /* Whether a given bus number is in a range of a root bus */
1732 static bool pci_root_bus_in_range(PCIBus *bus, int bus_num)
1733 {
1734     int i;
1735 
1736     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bus->devices); ++i) {
1737         PCIDevice *dev = bus->devices[i];
1738 
1739         if (dev && PCI_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev)->is_bridge) {
1740             if (pci_secondary_bus_in_range(dev, bus_num)) {
1741                 return true;
1742             }
1743         }
1744     }
1745 
1746     return false;
1747 }
1748 
1749 static PCIBus *pci_find_bus_nr(PCIBus *bus, int bus_num)
1750 {
1751     PCIBus *sec;
1752 
1753     if (!bus) {
1754         return NULL;
1755     }
1756 
1757     if (pci_bus_num(bus) == bus_num) {
1758         return bus;
1759     }
1760 
1761     /* Consider all bus numbers in range for the host pci bridge. */
1762     if (!pci_bus_is_root(bus) &&
1763         !pci_secondary_bus_in_range(bus->parent_dev, bus_num)) {
1764         return NULL;
1765     }
1766 
1767     /* try child bus */
1768     for (; bus; bus = sec) {
1769         QLIST_FOREACH(sec, &bus->child, sibling) {
1770             if (pci_bus_num(sec) == bus_num) {
1771                 return sec;
1772             }
1773             /* PXB buses assumed to be children of bus 0 */
1774             if (pci_bus_is_root(sec)) {
1775                 if (pci_root_bus_in_range(sec, bus_num)) {
1776                     break;
1777                 }
1778             } else {
1779                 if (pci_secondary_bus_in_range(sec->parent_dev, bus_num)) {
1780                     break;
1781                 }
1782             }
1783         }
1784     }
1785 
1786     return NULL;
1787 }
1788 
1789 void pci_for_each_bus_depth_first(PCIBus *bus,
1790                                   void *(*begin)(PCIBus *bus, void *parent_state),
1791                                   void (*end)(PCIBus *bus, void *state),
1792                                   void *parent_state)
1793 {
1794     PCIBus *sec;
1795     void *state;
1796 
1797     if (!bus) {
1798         return;
1799     }
1800 
1801     if (begin) {
1802         state = begin(bus, parent_state);
1803     } else {
1804         state = parent_state;
1805     }
1806 
1807     QLIST_FOREACH(sec, &bus->child, sibling) {
1808         pci_for_each_bus_depth_first(sec, begin, end, state);
1809     }
1810 
1811     if (end) {
1812         end(bus, state);
1813     }
1814 }
1815 
1816 
1817 PCIDevice *pci_find_device(PCIBus *bus, int bus_num, uint8_t devfn)
1818 {
1819     bus = pci_find_bus_nr(bus, bus_num);
1820 
1821     if (!bus)
1822         return NULL;
1823 
1824     return bus->devices[devfn];
1825 }
1826 
1827 static void pci_qdev_realize(DeviceState *qdev, Error **errp)
1828 {
1829     PCIDevice *pci_dev = (PCIDevice *)qdev;
1830     PCIDeviceClass *pc = PCI_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(pci_dev);
1831     Error *local_err = NULL;
1832     PCIBus *bus;
1833     bool is_default_rom;
1834 
1835     /* initialize cap_present for pci_is_express() and pci_config_size() */
1836     if (pc->is_express) {
1837         pci_dev->cap_present |= QEMU_PCI_CAP_EXPRESS;
1838     }
1839 
1840     bus = PCI_BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(qdev));
1841     pci_dev = do_pci_register_device(pci_dev, bus,
1842                                      object_get_typename(OBJECT(qdev)),
1843                                      pci_dev->devfn, errp);
1844     if (pci_dev == NULL)
1845         return;
1846 
1847     if (pc->realize) {
1848         pc->realize(pci_dev, &local_err);
1849         if (local_err) {
1850             error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1851             do_pci_unregister_device(pci_dev);
1852             return;
1853         }
1854     }
1855 
1856     /* rom loading */
1857     is_default_rom = false;
1858     if (pci_dev->romfile == NULL && pc->romfile != NULL) {
1859         pci_dev->romfile = g_strdup(pc->romfile);
1860         is_default_rom = true;
1861     }
1862 
1863     pci_add_option_rom(pci_dev, is_default_rom, &local_err);
1864     if (local_err) {
1865         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1866         pci_qdev_unrealize(DEVICE(pci_dev), NULL);
1867         return;
1868     }
1869 }
1870 
1871 static void pci_default_realize(PCIDevice *dev, Error **errp)
1872 {
1873     PCIDeviceClass *pc = PCI_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev);
1874 
1875     if (pc->init) {
1876         if (pc->init(dev) < 0) {
1877             error_setg(errp, "Device initialization failed");
1878             return;
1879         }
1880     }
1881 }
1882 
1883 PCIDevice *pci_create_multifunction(PCIBus *bus, int devfn, bool multifunction,
1884                                     const char *name)
1885 {
1886     DeviceState *dev;
1887 
1888     dev = qdev_create(&bus->qbus, name);
1889     qdev_prop_set_int32(dev, "addr", devfn);
1890     qdev_prop_set_bit(dev, "multifunction", multifunction);
1891     return PCI_DEVICE(dev);
1892 }
1893 
1894 PCIDevice *pci_create_simple_multifunction(PCIBus *bus, int devfn,
1895                                            bool multifunction,
1896                                            const char *name)
1897 {
1898     PCIDevice *dev = pci_create_multifunction(bus, devfn, multifunction, name);
1899     qdev_init_nofail(&dev->qdev);
1900     return dev;
1901 }
1902 
1903 PCIDevice *pci_create(PCIBus *bus, int devfn, const char *name)
1904 {
1905     return pci_create_multifunction(bus, devfn, false, name);
1906 }
1907 
1908 PCIDevice *pci_create_simple(PCIBus *bus, int devfn, const char *name)
1909 {
1910     return pci_create_simple_multifunction(bus, devfn, false, name);
1911 }
1912 
1913 static uint8_t pci_find_space(PCIDevice *pdev, uint8_t size)
1914 {
1915     int offset = PCI_CONFIG_HEADER_SIZE;
1916     int i;
1917     for (i = PCI_CONFIG_HEADER_SIZE; i < PCI_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE; ++i) {
1918         if (pdev->used[i])
1919             offset = i + 1;
1920         else if (i - offset + 1 == size)
1921             return offset;
1922     }
1923     return 0;
1924 }
1925 
1926 static uint8_t pci_find_capability_list(PCIDevice *pdev, uint8_t cap_id,
1927                                         uint8_t *prev_p)
1928 {
1929     uint8_t next, prev;
1930 
1931     if (!(pdev->config[PCI_STATUS] & PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST))
1932         return 0;
1933 
1934     for (prev = PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST; (next = pdev->config[prev]);
1935          prev = next + PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT)
1936         if (pdev->config[next + PCI_CAP_LIST_ID] == cap_id)
1937             break;
1938 
1939     if (prev_p)
1940         *prev_p = prev;
1941     return next;
1942 }
1943 
1944 static uint8_t pci_find_capability_at_offset(PCIDevice *pdev, uint8_t offset)
1945 {
1946     uint8_t next, prev, found = 0;
1947 
1948     if (!(pdev->used[offset])) {
1949         return 0;
1950     }
1951 
1952     assert(pdev->config[PCI_STATUS] & PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST);
1953 
1954     for (prev = PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST; (next = pdev->config[prev]);
1955          prev = next + PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT) {
1956         if (next <= offset && next > found) {
1957             found = next;
1958         }
1959     }
1960     return found;
1961 }
1962 
1963 /* Patch the PCI vendor and device ids in a PCI rom image if necessary.
1964    This is needed for an option rom which is used for more than one device. */
1965 static void pci_patch_ids(PCIDevice *pdev, uint8_t *ptr, int size)
1966 {
1967     uint16_t vendor_id;
1968     uint16_t device_id;
1969     uint16_t rom_vendor_id;
1970     uint16_t rom_device_id;
1971     uint16_t rom_magic;
1972     uint16_t pcir_offset;
1973     uint8_t checksum;
1974 
1975     /* Words in rom data are little endian (like in PCI configuration),
1976        so they can be read / written with pci_get_word / pci_set_word. */
1977 
1978     /* Only a valid rom will be patched. */
1979     rom_magic = pci_get_word(ptr);
1980     if (rom_magic != 0xaa55) {
1981         PCI_DPRINTF("Bad ROM magic %04x\n", rom_magic);
1982         return;
1983     }
1984     pcir_offset = pci_get_word(ptr + 0x18);
1985     if (pcir_offset + 8 >= size || memcmp(ptr + pcir_offset, "PCIR", 4)) {
1986         PCI_DPRINTF("Bad PCIR offset 0x%x or signature\n", pcir_offset);
1987         return;
1988     }
1989 
1990     vendor_id = pci_get_word(pdev->config + PCI_VENDOR_ID);
1991     device_id = pci_get_word(pdev->config + PCI_DEVICE_ID);
1992     rom_vendor_id = pci_get_word(ptr + pcir_offset + 4);
1993     rom_device_id = pci_get_word(ptr + pcir_offset + 6);
1994 
1995     PCI_DPRINTF("%s: ROM id %04x%04x / PCI id %04x%04x\n", pdev->romfile,
1996                 vendor_id, device_id, rom_vendor_id, rom_device_id);
1997 
1998     checksum = ptr[6];
1999 
2000     if (vendor_id != rom_vendor_id) {
2001         /* Patch vendor id and checksum (at offset 6 for etherboot roms). */
2002         checksum += (uint8_t)rom_vendor_id + (uint8_t)(rom_vendor_id >> 8);
2003         checksum -= (uint8_t)vendor_id + (uint8_t)(vendor_id >> 8);
2004         PCI_DPRINTF("ROM checksum %02x / %02x\n", ptr[6], checksum);
2005         ptr[6] = checksum;
2006         pci_set_word(ptr + pcir_offset + 4, vendor_id);
2007     }
2008 
2009     if (device_id != rom_device_id) {
2010         /* Patch device id and checksum (at offset 6 for etherboot roms). */
2011         checksum += (uint8_t)rom_device_id + (uint8_t)(rom_device_id >> 8);
2012         checksum -= (uint8_t)device_id + (uint8_t)(device_id >> 8);
2013         PCI_DPRINTF("ROM checksum %02x / %02x\n", ptr[6], checksum);
2014         ptr[6] = checksum;
2015         pci_set_word(ptr + pcir_offset + 6, device_id);
2016     }
2017 }
2018 
2019 /* Add an option rom for the device */
2020 static void pci_add_option_rom(PCIDevice *pdev, bool is_default_rom,
2021                                Error **errp)
2022 {
2023     int size;
2024     char *path;
2025     void *ptr;
2026     char name[32];
2027     const VMStateDescription *vmsd;
2028 
2029     if (!pdev->romfile)
2030         return;
2031     if (strlen(pdev->romfile) == 0)
2032         return;
2033 
2034     if (!pdev->rom_bar) {
2035         /*
2036          * Load rom via fw_cfg instead of creating a rom bar,
2037          * for 0.11 compatibility.
2038          */
2039         int class = pci_get_word(pdev->config + PCI_CLASS_DEVICE);
2040 
2041         /*
2042          * Hot-plugged devices can't use the option ROM
2043          * if the rom bar is disabled.
2044          */
2045         if (DEVICE(pdev)->hotplugged) {
2046             error_setg(errp, "Hot-plugged device without ROM bar"
2047                        " can't have an option ROM");
2048             return;
2049         }
2050 
2051         if (class == 0x0300) {
2052             rom_add_vga(pdev->romfile);
2053         } else {
2054             rom_add_option(pdev->romfile, -1);
2055         }
2056         return;
2057     }
2058 
2059     path = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, pdev->romfile);
2060     if (path == NULL) {
2061         path = g_strdup(pdev->romfile);
2062     }
2063 
2064     size = get_image_size(path);
2065     if (size < 0) {
2066         error_setg(errp, "failed to find romfile \"%s\"", pdev->romfile);
2067         g_free(path);
2068         return;
2069     } else if (size == 0) {
2070         error_setg(errp, "romfile \"%s\" is empty", pdev->romfile);
2071         g_free(path);
2072         return;
2073     }
2074     if (size & (size - 1)) {
2075         size = 1 << qemu_fls(size);
2076     }
2077 
2078     vmsd = qdev_get_vmsd(DEVICE(pdev));
2079 
2080     if (vmsd) {
2081         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.rom", vmsd->name);
2082     } else {
2083         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.rom", object_get_typename(OBJECT(pdev)));
2084     }
2085     pdev->has_rom = true;
2086     memory_region_init_ram(&pdev->rom, OBJECT(pdev), name, size, &error_abort);
2087     vmstate_register_ram(&pdev->rom, &pdev->qdev);
2088     ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&pdev->rom);
2089     load_image(path, ptr);
2090     g_free(path);
2091 
2092     if (is_default_rom) {
2093         /* Only the default rom images will be patched (if needed). */
2094         pci_patch_ids(pdev, ptr, size);
2095     }
2096 
2097     pci_register_bar(pdev, PCI_ROM_SLOT, 0, &pdev->rom);
2098 }
2099 
2100 static void pci_del_option_rom(PCIDevice *pdev)
2101 {
2102     if (!pdev->has_rom)
2103         return;
2104 
2105     vmstate_unregister_ram(&pdev->rom, &pdev->qdev);
2106     pdev->has_rom = false;
2107 }
2108 
2109 /*
2110  * if offset = 0,
2111  * Find and reserve space and add capability to the linked list
2112  * in pci config space
2113  */
2114 int pci_add_capability(PCIDevice *pdev, uint8_t cap_id,
2115                        uint8_t offset, uint8_t size)
2116 {
2117     int ret;
2118     Error *local_err = NULL;
2119 
2120     ret = pci_add_capability2(pdev, cap_id, offset, size, &local_err);
2121     if (local_err) {
2122         assert(ret < 0);
2123         error_report_err(local_err);
2124     } else {
2125         /* success implies a positive offset in config space */
2126         assert(ret > 0);
2127     }
2128     return ret;
2129 }
2130 
2131 int pci_add_capability2(PCIDevice *pdev, uint8_t cap_id,
2132                        uint8_t offset, uint8_t size,
2133                        Error **errp)
2134 {
2135     uint8_t *config;
2136     int i, overlapping_cap;
2137 
2138     if (!offset) {
2139         offset = pci_find_space(pdev, size);
2140         if (!offset) {
2141             error_setg(errp, "out of PCI config space");
2142             return -ENOSPC;
2143         }
2144     } else {
2145         /* Verify that capabilities don't overlap.  Note: device assignment
2146          * depends on this check to verify that the device is not broken.
2147          * Should never trigger for emulated devices, but it's helpful
2148          * for debugging these. */
2149         for (i = offset; i < offset + size; i++) {
2150             overlapping_cap = pci_find_capability_at_offset(pdev, i);
2151             if (overlapping_cap) {
2152                 error_setg(errp, "%s:%02x:%02x.%x "
2153                            "Attempt to add PCI capability %x at offset "
2154                            "%x overlaps existing capability %x at offset %x",
2155                            pci_root_bus_path(pdev), pci_bus_num(pdev->bus),
2156                            PCI_SLOT(pdev->devfn), PCI_FUNC(pdev->devfn),
2157                            cap_id, offset, overlapping_cap, i);
2158                 return -EINVAL;
2159             }
2160         }
2161     }
2162 
2163     config = pdev->config + offset;
2164     config[PCI_CAP_LIST_ID] = cap_id;
2165     config[PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT] = pdev->config[PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST];
2166     pdev->config[PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST] = offset;
2167     pdev->config[PCI_STATUS] |= PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST;
2168     memset(pdev->used + offset, 0xFF, QEMU_ALIGN_UP(size, 4));
2169     /* Make capability read-only by default */
2170     memset(pdev->wmask + offset, 0, size);
2171     /* Check capability by default */
2172     memset(pdev->cmask + offset, 0xFF, size);
2173     return offset;
2174 }
2175 
2176 /* Unlink capability from the pci config space. */
2177 void pci_del_capability(PCIDevice *pdev, uint8_t cap_id, uint8_t size)
2178 {
2179     uint8_t prev, offset = pci_find_capability_list(pdev, cap_id, &prev);
2180     if (!offset)
2181         return;
2182     pdev->config[prev] = pdev->config[offset + PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT];
2183     /* Make capability writable again */
2184     memset(pdev->wmask + offset, 0xff, size);
2185     memset(pdev->w1cmask + offset, 0, size);
2186     /* Clear cmask as device-specific registers can't be checked */
2187     memset(pdev->cmask + offset, 0, size);
2188     memset(pdev->used + offset, 0, QEMU_ALIGN_UP(size, 4));
2189 
2190     if (!pdev->config[PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST])
2191         pdev->config[PCI_STATUS] &= ~PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST;
2192 }
2193 
2194 uint8_t pci_find_capability(PCIDevice *pdev, uint8_t cap_id)
2195 {
2196     return pci_find_capability_list(pdev, cap_id, NULL);
2197 }
2198 
2199 static void pcibus_dev_print(Monitor *mon, DeviceState *dev, int indent)
2200 {
2201     PCIDevice *d = (PCIDevice *)dev;
2202     const pci_class_desc *desc;
2203     char ctxt[64];
2204     PCIIORegion *r;
2205     int i, class;
2206 
2207     class = pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_CLASS_DEVICE);
2208     desc = pci_class_descriptions;
2209     while (desc->desc && class != desc->class)
2210         desc++;
2211     if (desc->desc) {
2212         snprintf(ctxt, sizeof(ctxt), "%s", desc->desc);
2213     } else {
2214         snprintf(ctxt, sizeof(ctxt), "Class %04x", class);
2215     }
2216 
2217     monitor_printf(mon, "%*sclass %s, addr %02x:%02x.%x, "
2218                    "pci id %04x:%04x (sub %04x:%04x)\n",
2219                    indent, "", ctxt, pci_bus_num(d->bus),
2220                    PCI_SLOT(d->devfn), PCI_FUNC(d->devfn),
2221                    pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_VENDOR_ID),
2222                    pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_DEVICE_ID),
2223                    pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID),
2224                    pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_SUBSYSTEM_ID));
2225     for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_REGIONS; i++) {
2226         r = &d->io_regions[i];
2227         if (!r->size)
2228             continue;
2229         monitor_printf(mon, "%*sbar %d: %s at 0x%"FMT_PCIBUS
2230                        " [0x%"FMT_PCIBUS"]\n",
2231                        indent, "",
2232                        i, r->type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO ? "i/o" : "mem",
2233                        r->addr, r->addr + r->size - 1);
2234     }
2235 }
2236 
2237 static char *pci_dev_fw_name(DeviceState *dev, char *buf, int len)
2238 {
2239     PCIDevice *d = (PCIDevice *)dev;
2240     const char *name = NULL;
2241     const pci_class_desc *desc =  pci_class_descriptions;
2242     int class = pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_CLASS_DEVICE);
2243 
2244     while (desc->desc &&
2245           (class & ~desc->fw_ign_bits) !=
2246           (desc->class & ~desc->fw_ign_bits)) {
2247         desc++;
2248     }
2249 
2250     if (desc->desc) {
2251         name = desc->fw_name;
2252     }
2253 
2254     if (name) {
2255         pstrcpy(buf, len, name);
2256     } else {
2257         snprintf(buf, len, "pci%04x,%04x",
2258                  pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_VENDOR_ID),
2259                  pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_DEVICE_ID));
2260     }
2261 
2262     return buf;
2263 }
2264 
2265 static char *pcibus_get_fw_dev_path(DeviceState *dev)
2266 {
2267     PCIDevice *d = (PCIDevice *)dev;
2268     char path[50], name[33];
2269     int off;
2270 
2271     off = snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s@%x",
2272                    pci_dev_fw_name(dev, name, sizeof name),
2273                    PCI_SLOT(d->devfn));
2274     if (PCI_FUNC(d->devfn))
2275         snprintf(path + off, sizeof(path) + off, ",%x", PCI_FUNC(d->devfn));
2276     return g_strdup(path);
2277 }
2278 
2279 static char *pcibus_get_dev_path(DeviceState *dev)
2280 {
2281     PCIDevice *d = container_of(dev, PCIDevice, qdev);
2282     PCIDevice *t;
2283     int slot_depth;
2284     /* Path format: Domain:00:Slot.Function:Slot.Function....:Slot.Function.
2285      * 00 is added here to make this format compatible with
2286      * domain:Bus:Slot.Func for systems without nested PCI bridges.
2287      * Slot.Function list specifies the slot and function numbers for all
2288      * devices on the path from root to the specific device. */
2289     const char *root_bus_path;
2290     int root_bus_len;
2291     char slot[] = ":SS.F";
2292     int slot_len = sizeof slot - 1 /* For '\0' */;
2293     int path_len;
2294     char *path, *p;
2295     int s;
2296 
2297     root_bus_path = pci_root_bus_path(d);
2298     root_bus_len = strlen(root_bus_path);
2299 
2300     /* Calculate # of slots on path between device and root. */;
2301     slot_depth = 0;
2302     for (t = d; t; t = t->bus->parent_dev) {
2303         ++slot_depth;
2304     }
2305 
2306     path_len = root_bus_len + slot_len * slot_depth;
2307 
2308     /* Allocate memory, fill in the terminating null byte. */
2309     path = g_malloc(path_len + 1 /* For '\0' */);
2310     path[path_len] = '\0';
2311 
2312     memcpy(path, root_bus_path, root_bus_len);
2313 
2314     /* Fill in slot numbers. We walk up from device to root, so need to print
2315      * them in the reverse order, last to first. */
2316     p = path + path_len;
2317     for (t = d; t; t = t->bus->parent_dev) {
2318         p -= slot_len;
2319         s = snprintf(slot, sizeof slot, ":%02x.%x",
2320                      PCI_SLOT(t->devfn), PCI_FUNC(t->devfn));
2321         assert(s == slot_len);
2322         memcpy(p, slot, slot_len);
2323     }
2324 
2325     return path;
2326 }
2327 
2328 static int pci_qdev_find_recursive(PCIBus *bus,
2329                                    const char *id, PCIDevice **pdev)
2330 {
2331     DeviceState *qdev = qdev_find_recursive(&bus->qbus, id);
2332     if (!qdev) {
2333         return -ENODEV;
2334     }
2335 
2336     /* roughly check if given qdev is pci device */
2337     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(qdev), TYPE_PCI_DEVICE)) {
2338         *pdev = PCI_DEVICE(qdev);
2339         return 0;
2340     }
2341     return -EINVAL;
2342 }
2343 
2344 int pci_qdev_find_device(const char *id, PCIDevice **pdev)
2345 {
2346     PCIHostState *host_bridge;
2347     int rc = -ENODEV;
2348 
2349     QLIST_FOREACH(host_bridge, &pci_host_bridges, next) {
2350         int tmp = pci_qdev_find_recursive(host_bridge->bus, id, pdev);
2351         if (!tmp) {
2352             rc = 0;
2353             break;
2354         }
2355         if (tmp != -ENODEV) {
2356             rc = tmp;
2357         }
2358     }
2359 
2360     return rc;
2361 }
2362 
2363 MemoryRegion *pci_address_space(PCIDevice *dev)
2364 {
2365     return dev->bus->address_space_mem;
2366 }
2367 
2368 MemoryRegion *pci_address_space_io(PCIDevice *dev)
2369 {
2370     return dev->bus->address_space_io;
2371 }
2372 
2373 static void pci_device_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
2374 {
2375     DeviceClass *k = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
2376     PCIDeviceClass *pc = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
2377 
2378     k->realize = pci_qdev_realize;
2379     k->unrealize = pci_qdev_unrealize;
2380     k->bus_type = TYPE_PCI_BUS;
2381     k->props = pci_props;
2382     pc->realize = pci_default_realize;
2383 }
2384 
2385 AddressSpace *pci_device_iommu_address_space(PCIDevice *dev)
2386 {
2387     PCIBus *bus = PCI_BUS(dev->bus);
2388 
2389     if (bus->iommu_fn) {
2390         return bus->iommu_fn(bus, bus->iommu_opaque, dev->devfn);
2391     }
2392 
2393     if (bus->parent_dev) {
2394         /** We are ignoring the bus master DMA bit of the bridge
2395          *  as it would complicate things such as VFIO for no good reason */
2396         return pci_device_iommu_address_space(bus->parent_dev);
2397     }
2398 
2399     return &address_space_memory;
2400 }
2401 
2402 void pci_setup_iommu(PCIBus *bus, PCIIOMMUFunc fn, void *opaque)
2403 {
2404     bus->iommu_fn = fn;
2405     bus->iommu_opaque = opaque;
2406 }
2407 
2408 static void pci_dev_get_w64(PCIBus *b, PCIDevice *dev, void *opaque)
2409 {
2410     Range *range = opaque;
2411     PCIDeviceClass *pc = PCI_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev);
2412     uint16_t cmd = pci_get_word(dev->config + PCI_COMMAND);
2413     int i;
2414 
2415     if (!(cmd & PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY)) {
2416         return;
2417     }
2418 
2419     if (pc->is_bridge) {
2420         pcibus_t base = pci_bridge_get_base(dev, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_PREFETCH);
2421         pcibus_t limit = pci_bridge_get_limit(dev, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_PREFETCH);
2422 
2423         base = MAX(base, 0x1ULL << 32);
2424 
2425         if (limit >= base) {
2426             Range pref_range;
2427             pref_range.begin = base;
2428             pref_range.end = limit + 1;
2429             range_extend(range, &pref_range);
2430         }
2431     }
2432     for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_REGIONS; ++i) {
2433         PCIIORegion *r = &dev->io_regions[i];
2434         Range region_range;
2435 
2436         if (!r->size ||
2437             (r->type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO) ||
2438             !(r->type & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_64)) {
2439             continue;
2440         }
2441         region_range.begin = pci_bar_address(dev, i, r->type, r->size);
2442         region_range.end = region_range.begin + r->size;
2443 
2444         if (region_range.begin == PCI_BAR_UNMAPPED) {
2445             continue;
2446         }
2447 
2448         region_range.begin = MAX(region_range.begin, 0x1ULL << 32);
2449 
2450         if (region_range.end - 1 >= region_range.begin) {
2451             range_extend(range, &region_range);
2452         }
2453     }
2454 }
2455 
2456 void pci_bus_get_w64_range(PCIBus *bus, Range *range)
2457 {
2458     range->begin = range->end = 0;
2459     pci_for_each_device_under_bus(bus, pci_dev_get_w64, range);
2460 }
2461 
2462 static const TypeInfo pci_device_type_info = {
2463     .name = TYPE_PCI_DEVICE,
2464     .parent = TYPE_DEVICE,
2465     .instance_size = sizeof(PCIDevice),
2466     .abstract = true,
2467     .class_size = sizeof(PCIDeviceClass),
2468     .class_init = pci_device_class_init,
2469 };
2470 
2471 static void pci_register_types(void)
2472 {
2473     type_register_static(&pci_bus_info);
2474     type_register_static(&pcie_bus_info);
2475     type_register_static(&pci_device_type_info);
2476 }
2477 
2478 type_init(pci_register_types)
2479