xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/mips/bootloader.c (revision fc8c745d)
1 /*
2  * Utility for QEMU MIPS to generate it's simple bootloader
3  *
4  * Instructions used here are carefully selected to keep compatibility with
5  * MIPS Release 6.
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) 2020 Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
8  *
9  * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
10  */
11 
12 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
13 #include "qemu/bitops.h"
14 #include "cpu.h"
15 #include "hw/mips/bootloader.h"
16 
17 typedef enum bl_reg {
18     BL_REG_ZERO = 0,
19     BL_REG_AT = 1,
20     BL_REG_V0 = 2,
21     BL_REG_V1 = 3,
22     BL_REG_A0 = 4,
23     BL_REG_A1 = 5,
24     BL_REG_A2 = 6,
25     BL_REG_A3 = 7,
26     BL_REG_T0 = 8,
27     BL_REG_T1 = 9,
28     BL_REG_T2 = 10,
29     BL_REG_T3 = 11,
30     BL_REG_T4 = 12,
31     BL_REG_T5 = 13,
32     BL_REG_T6 = 14,
33     BL_REG_T7 = 15,
34     BL_REG_S0 = 16,
35     BL_REG_S1 = 17,
36     BL_REG_S2 = 18,
37     BL_REG_S3 = 19,
38     BL_REG_S4 = 20,
39     BL_REG_S5 = 21,
40     BL_REG_S6 = 22,
41     BL_REG_S7 = 23,
42     BL_REG_T8 = 24,
43     BL_REG_T9 = 25,
44     BL_REG_K0 = 26,
45     BL_REG_K1 = 27,
46     BL_REG_GP = 28,
47     BL_REG_SP = 29,
48     BL_REG_FP = 30,
49     BL_REG_RA = 31,
50 } bl_reg;
51 
52 static bool bootcpu_supports_isa(uint64_t isa_mask)
53 {
54     return cpu_supports_isa(&MIPS_CPU(first_cpu)->env, isa_mask);
55 }
56 
57 /* Base types */
58 static void bl_gen_nop(uint32_t **p)
59 {
60     stl_p(*p, 0);
61     *p = *p + 1;
62 }
63 
64 static void bl_gen_r_type(uint32_t **p, uint8_t opcode,
65                           bl_reg rs, bl_reg rt, bl_reg rd,
66                           uint8_t shift, uint8_t funct)
67 {
68     uint32_t insn = 0;
69 
70     insn = deposit32(insn, 26, 6, opcode);
71     insn = deposit32(insn, 21, 5, rs);
72     insn = deposit32(insn, 16, 5, rt);
73     insn = deposit32(insn, 11, 5, rd);
74     insn = deposit32(insn, 6, 5, shift);
75     insn = deposit32(insn, 0, 6, funct);
76 
77     stl_p(*p, insn);
78     *p = *p + 1;
79 }
80 
81 static void bl_gen_i_type(uint32_t **p, uint8_t opcode,
82                           bl_reg rs, bl_reg rt, uint16_t imm)
83 {
84     uint32_t insn = 0;
85 
86     insn = deposit32(insn, 26, 6, opcode);
87     insn = deposit32(insn, 21, 5, rs);
88     insn = deposit32(insn, 16, 5, rt);
89     insn = deposit32(insn, 0, 16, imm);
90 
91     stl_p(*p, insn);
92     *p = *p + 1;
93 }
94 
95 /* Single instructions */
96 static void bl_gen_dsll(uint32_t **p, bl_reg rd, bl_reg rt, uint8_t sa)
97 {
98     if (bootcpu_supports_isa(ISA_MIPS3)) {
99         bl_gen_r_type(p, 0, 0, rt, rd, sa, 0x38);
100     } else {
101         g_assert_not_reached(); /* unsupported */
102     }
103 }
104 
105 static void bl_gen_jalr(uint32_t **p, bl_reg rs)
106 {
107     bl_gen_r_type(p, 0, rs, 0, BL_REG_RA, 0, 0x09);
108 }
109 
110 static void bl_gen_lui(uint32_t **p, bl_reg rt, uint16_t imm)
111 {
112     /* R6: It's a alias of AUI with RS = 0 */
113     bl_gen_i_type(p, 0x0f, 0, rt, imm);
114 }
115 
116 static void bl_gen_ori(uint32_t **p, bl_reg rt, bl_reg rs, uint16_t imm)
117 {
118     bl_gen_i_type(p, 0x0d, rs, rt, imm);
119 }
120 
121 static void bl_gen_sw(uint32_t **p, bl_reg rt, uint8_t base, uint16_t offset)
122 {
123     bl_gen_i_type(p, 0x2b, base, rt, offset);
124 }
125 
126 static void bl_gen_sd(uint32_t **p, bl_reg rt, uint8_t base, uint16_t offset)
127 {
128     if (bootcpu_supports_isa(ISA_MIPS3)) {
129         bl_gen_i_type(p, 0x3f, base, rt, offset);
130     } else {
131         g_assert_not_reached(); /* unsupported */
132     }
133 }
134 
135 /* Pseudo instructions */
136 static void bl_gen_li(uint32_t **p, bl_reg rt, uint32_t imm)
137 {
138     bl_gen_lui(p, rt, extract32(imm, 16, 16));
139     bl_gen_ori(p, rt, rt, extract32(imm, 0, 16));
140 }
141 
142 static void bl_gen_dli(uint32_t **p, bl_reg rt, uint64_t imm)
143 {
144     bl_gen_li(p, rt, extract64(imm, 32, 32));
145     bl_gen_dsll(p, rt, rt, 16);
146     bl_gen_ori(p, rt, rt, extract64(imm, 16, 16));
147     bl_gen_dsll(p, rt, rt, 16);
148     bl_gen_ori(p, rt, rt, extract64(imm, 0, 16));
149 }
150 
151 static void bl_gen_load_ulong(uint32_t **p, bl_reg rt, target_ulong imm)
152 {
153     if (bootcpu_supports_isa(ISA_MIPS3)) {
154         bl_gen_dli(p, rt, imm); /* 64bit */
155     } else {
156         bl_gen_li(p, rt, imm); /* 32bit */
157     }
158 }
159 
160 /* Helpers */
161 void bl_gen_jump_to(uint32_t **p, target_ulong jump_addr)
162 {
163     bl_gen_load_ulong(p, BL_REG_T9, jump_addr);
164     bl_gen_jalr(p, BL_REG_T9);
165     bl_gen_nop(p); /* delay slot */
166 }
167 
168 void bl_gen_jump_kernel(uint32_t **p, target_ulong sp, target_ulong a0,
169                         target_ulong a1, target_ulong a2, target_ulong a3,
170                         target_ulong kernel_addr)
171 {
172     bl_gen_load_ulong(p, BL_REG_SP, sp);
173     bl_gen_load_ulong(p, BL_REG_A0, a0);
174     bl_gen_load_ulong(p, BL_REG_A1, a1);
175     bl_gen_load_ulong(p, BL_REG_A2, a2);
176     bl_gen_load_ulong(p, BL_REG_A3, a3);
177 
178     bl_gen_jump_to(p, kernel_addr);
179 }
180 
181 void bl_gen_write_ulong(uint32_t **p, target_ulong addr, target_ulong val)
182 {
183     bl_gen_load_ulong(p, BL_REG_K0, val);
184     bl_gen_load_ulong(p, BL_REG_K1, addr);
185     bl_gen_sd(p, BL_REG_K0, BL_REG_K1, 0x0);
186 }
187 
188 void bl_gen_write_u32(uint32_t **p, target_ulong addr, uint32_t val)
189 {
190     bl_gen_li(p, BL_REG_K0, val);
191     bl_gen_load_ulong(p, BL_REG_K1, addr);
192     bl_gen_sw(p, BL_REG_K0, BL_REG_K1, 0x0);
193 }
194 
195 void bl_gen_write_u64(uint32_t **p, target_ulong addr, uint64_t val)
196 {
197     bl_gen_dli(p, BL_REG_K0, val);
198     bl_gen_load_ulong(p, BL_REG_K1, addr);
199     bl_gen_sd(p, BL_REG_K0, BL_REG_K1, 0x0);
200 }
201