xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/i386/pc.c (revision effd60c8)
1 /*
2  * QEMU PC System Emulator
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qemu/units.h"
27 #include "hw/i386/pc.h"
28 #include "hw/char/serial.h"
29 #include "hw/char/parallel.h"
30 #include "hw/hyperv/hv-balloon.h"
31 #include "hw/i386/fw_cfg.h"
32 #include "hw/i386/vmport.h"
33 #include "sysemu/cpus.h"
34 #include "hw/ide/internal.h"
35 #include "hw/timer/hpet.h"
36 #include "hw/loader.h"
37 #include "hw/rtc/mc146818rtc.h"
38 #include "hw/intc/i8259.h"
39 #include "hw/timer/i8254.h"
40 #include "hw/input/i8042.h"
41 #include "hw/audio/pcspk.h"
42 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
43 #include "sysemu/xen.h"
44 #include "sysemu/reset.h"
45 #include "kvm/kvm_i386.h"
46 #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
47 #include "qapi/qmp/qlist.h"
48 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
49 #include "hw/acpi/cpu_hotplug.h"
50 #include "acpi-build.h"
51 #include "hw/mem/nvdimm.h"
52 #include "hw/cxl/cxl_host.h"
53 #include "hw/usb.h"
54 #include "hw/i386/intel_iommu.h"
55 #include "hw/net/ne2000-isa.h"
56 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-iommu.h"
57 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-md-pci.h"
58 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_overlay.h"
59 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_evtchn.h"
60 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_gnttab.h"
61 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_xenstore.h"
62 #include "hw/mem/memory-device.h"
63 #include "e820_memory_layout.h"
64 #include "trace.h"
65 #include CONFIG_DEVICES
66 
67 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_EMU
68 #include "hw/xen/xen-legacy-backend.h"
69 #include "hw/xen/xen-bus.h"
70 #endif
71 
72 /*
73  * Helper for setting model-id for CPU models that changed model-id
74  * depending on QEMU versions up to QEMU 2.4.
75  */
76 #define PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS(v) \
77     { "qemu32-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model-id", "QEMU Virtual CPU version " v, },\
78     { "qemu64-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model-id", "QEMU Virtual CPU version " v, },\
79     { "athlon-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model-id", "QEMU Virtual CPU version " v, },
80 
81 GlobalProperty pc_compat_8_2[] = {};
82 const size_t pc_compat_8_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_8_2);
83 
84 GlobalProperty pc_compat_8_1[] = {};
85 const size_t pc_compat_8_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_8_1);
86 
87 GlobalProperty pc_compat_8_0[] = {
88     { "virtio-mem", "unplugged-inaccessible", "auto" },
89 };
90 const size_t pc_compat_8_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_8_0);
91 
92 GlobalProperty pc_compat_7_2[] = {
93     { "ICH9-LPC", "noreboot", "true" },
94 };
95 const size_t pc_compat_7_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_7_2);
96 
97 GlobalProperty pc_compat_7_1[] = {};
98 const size_t pc_compat_7_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_7_1);
99 
100 GlobalProperty pc_compat_7_0[] = {};
101 const size_t pc_compat_7_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_7_0);
102 
103 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_2[] = {
104     { "virtio-mem", "unplugged-inaccessible", "off" },
105 };
106 const size_t pc_compat_6_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_2);
107 
108 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_1[] = {
109     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-build", "0x1bbc" },
110     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-major", "0x0006" },
111     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-minor", "0x0001" },
112     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-keep-pci-slot-hpc", "false" },
113 };
114 const size_t pc_compat_6_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_1);
115 
116 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_0[] = {
117     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "6" },
118     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
119     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "3" },
120     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-vendor-cpuid-only", "off" },
121     { "ICH9-LPC", ACPI_PM_PROP_ACPI_PCIHP_BRIDGE, "off" },
122     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-keep-pci-slot-hpc", "true" },
123 };
124 const size_t pc_compat_6_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_0);
125 
126 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_2[] = {
127     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotunplug", "off" },
128 };
129 const size_t pc_compat_5_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_2);
130 
131 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_1[] = {
132     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotplug", "off" },
133     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-msi-ext-dest-id", "off" },
134 };
135 const size_t pc_compat_5_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_1);
136 
137 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_0[] = {
138 };
139 const size_t pc_compat_5_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_0);
140 
141 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_2[] = {
142     { "mch", "smbase-smram", "off" },
143 };
144 const size_t pc_compat_4_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_2);
145 
146 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_1[] = {};
147 const size_t pc_compat_4_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_1);
148 
149 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_0[] = {};
150 const size_t pc_compat_4_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_0);
151 
152 GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_1[] = {
153     { "intel-iommu", "dma-drain", "off" },
154     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
155     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
156     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
157     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
158     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
159     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
160     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
161     { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
162     { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
163     { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
164     { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
165     { "Skylake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
166     { "Skylake-Client-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
167     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
168     { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
169     { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,  "mpx", "on" },
170     { "Icelake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
171     { "Icelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
172     { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "5" },
173     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-intel-pt-auto-level", "off" },
174 };
175 const size_t pc_compat_3_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_1);
176 
177 GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_0[] = {
178     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-synic-kvm-only", "on" },
179     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
180     { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
181 };
182 const size_t pc_compat_3_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_0);
183 
184 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_12[] = {
185     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "legacy-cache", "on" },
186     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "topoext", "off" },
187     { "EPYC-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
188     { "EPYC-IBPB-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
189 };
190 const size_t pc_compat_2_12_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_12);
191 
192 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_11[] = {
193     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-migrate-smi-count", "off" },
194     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "clflushopt", "off" },
195 };
196 const size_t pc_compat_2_11_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_11);
197 
198 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_10[] = {
199     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-max-vps", "0x40" },
200     { "i440FX-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
201     { "q35-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
202 };
203 const size_t pc_compat_2_10_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_10);
204 
205 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_9[] = {
206     { "mch", "extended-tseg-mbytes", "0" },
207 };
208 const size_t pc_compat_2_9_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_9);
209 
210 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_8[] = {
211     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "tcg-cpuid", "off" },
212     { "kvmclock", "x-mach-use-reliable-get-clock", "off" },
213     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-broadcast", "off" },
214     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmware-cpuid-freq", "off" },
215     { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
216 };
217 const size_t pc_compat_2_8_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_8);
218 
219 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_7[] = {
220     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "l3-cache", "off" },
221     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "full-cpuid-auto-level", "off" },
222     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "15" },
223     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
224     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
225     { "isa-pcspk", "migrate", "off" },
226 };
227 const size_t pc_compat_2_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_7);
228 
229 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_6[] = {
230     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "cpuid-0xb", "off" },
231     { "vmxnet3", "romfile", "" },
232     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "fill-mtrr-mask", "off" },
233     { "apic-common", "legacy-instance-id", "on", }
234 };
235 const size_t pc_compat_2_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_6);
236 
237 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_5[] = {};
238 const size_t pc_compat_2_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_5);
239 
240 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_4[] = {
241     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.4.0")
242     { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
243     { "Haswell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
244     { "Broadwell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
245     { "Broadwell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
246     { "host" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "host-cache-info", "on" },
247     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "check", "off" },
248     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "sse4a", "on" },
249     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "on" },
250     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
251     { "qemu32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
252     { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
253     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
254     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
255     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on", }
256 };
257 const size_t pc_compat_2_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_4);
258 
259 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_3[] = {
260     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.3.0")
261     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "arat", "off" },
262     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
263     { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
264     { "pentium3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
265     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
266     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
267     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
268     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
269     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
270     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
271     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
272     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
273     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
274     { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
275     { "IvyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
276     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
277     { "Haswell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
278     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
279     { "Broadwell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
280     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-no-smi-migration", "on" },
281 };
282 const size_t pc_compat_2_3_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_3);
283 
284 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_2[] = {
285     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.2.0")
286     { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
287     { "kvm32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
288     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
289     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
290     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
291     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
292     { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
293     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
294     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
295     { "Opteron_G1" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
296     { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
297     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
298     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
299     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
300     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
301     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
302     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
303     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
304 };
305 const size_t pc_compat_2_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_2);
306 
307 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_1[] = {
308     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.1.0")
309     { "coreduo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
310     { "core2duo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
311 };
312 const size_t pc_compat_2_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_1);
313 
314 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_0[] = {
315     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.0.0")
316     { "virtio-scsi-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
317     { "PIIX4_PM", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
318     { "apic", "version", "0x11" },
319     { "nec-usb-xhci", "superspeed-ports-first", "off" },
320     { "nec-usb-xhci", "force-pcie-endcap", "on" },
321     { "pci-serial", "prog_if", "0" },
322     { "pci-serial-2x", "prog_if", "0" },
323     { "pci-serial-4x", "prog_if", "0" },
324     { "virtio-net-pci", "guest_announce", "off" },
325     { "ICH9-LPC", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
326 };
327 const size_t pc_compat_2_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_0);
328 
329 GSIState *pc_gsi_create(qemu_irq **irqs, bool pci_enabled)
330 {
331     GSIState *s;
332 
333     s = g_new0(GSIState, 1);
334     if (kvm_ioapic_in_kernel()) {
335         kvm_pc_setup_irq_routing(pci_enabled);
336     }
337     *irqs = qemu_allocate_irqs(gsi_handler, s, IOAPIC_NUM_PINS);
338 
339     return s;
340 }
341 
342 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
343                            unsigned size)
344 {
345 }
346 
347 static uint64_t ioport80_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
348 {
349     return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
350 }
351 
352 /* MS-DOS compatibility mode FPU exception support */
353 static void ioportF0_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
354                            unsigned size)
355 {
356     if (tcg_enabled()) {
357         cpu_set_ignne();
358     }
359 }
360 
361 static uint64_t ioportF0_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
362 {
363     return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
364 }
365 
366 /* PC cmos mappings */
367 
368 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE          0x14
369 
370 static void cmos_init_hd(MC146818RtcState *s, int type_ofs, int info_ofs,
371                          int16_t cylinders, int8_t heads, int8_t sectors)
372 {
373     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, type_ofs, 47);
374     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs, cylinders);
375     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 1, cylinders >> 8);
376     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 2, heads);
377     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 3, 0xff);
378     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 4, 0xff);
379     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 5, 0xc0 | ((heads > 8) << 3));
380     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 6, cylinders);
381     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 7, cylinders >> 8);
382     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 8, sectors);
383 }
384 
385 /* convert boot_device letter to something recognizable by the bios */
386 static int boot_device2nibble(char boot_device)
387 {
388     switch(boot_device) {
389     case 'a':
390     case 'b':
391         return 0x01; /* floppy boot */
392     case 'c':
393         return 0x02; /* hard drive boot */
394     case 'd':
395         return 0x03; /* CD-ROM boot */
396     case 'n':
397         return 0x04; /* Network boot */
398     }
399     return 0;
400 }
401 
402 static void set_boot_dev(MC146818RtcState *s, const char *boot_device,
403                          Error **errp)
404 {
405 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
406     int nbds, bds[3] = { 0, };
407     int i;
408 
409     nbds = strlen(boot_device);
410     if (nbds > PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES) {
411         error_setg(errp, "Too many boot devices for PC");
412         return;
413     }
414     for (i = 0; i < nbds; i++) {
415         bds[i] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device[i]);
416         if (bds[i] == 0) {
417             error_setg(errp, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'",
418                        boot_device[i]);
419             return;
420         }
421     }
422     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x3d, (bds[1] << 4) | bds[0]);
423     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x38, (bds[2] << 4) | (fd_bootchk ? 0x0 : 0x1));
424 }
425 
426 static void pc_boot_set(void *opaque, const char *boot_device, Error **errp)
427 {
428     set_boot_dev(opaque, boot_device, errp);
429 }
430 
431 static void pc_cmos_init_floppy(MC146818RtcState *rtc_state, ISADevice *floppy)
432 {
433     int val, nb, i;
434     FloppyDriveType fd_type[2] = { FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE,
435                                    FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE };
436 
437     /* floppy type */
438     if (floppy) {
439         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
440             fd_type[i] = isa_fdc_get_drive_type(floppy, i);
441         }
442     }
443     val = (cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[0]) << 4) |
444         cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[1]);
445     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(rtc_state, 0x10, val);
446 
447     val = mc146818rtc_get_cmos_data(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE);
448     nb = 0;
449     if (fd_type[0] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
450         nb++;
451     }
452     if (fd_type[1] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
453         nb++;
454     }
455     switch (nb) {
456     case 0:
457         break;
458     case 1:
459         val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
460         break;
461     case 2:
462         val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
463         break;
464     }
465     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
466 }
467 
468 typedef struct pc_cmos_init_late_arg {
469     MC146818RtcState *rtc_state;
470     BusState *idebus[2];
471 } pc_cmos_init_late_arg;
472 
473 typedef struct check_fdc_state {
474     ISADevice *floppy;
475     bool multiple;
476 } CheckFdcState;
477 
478 static int check_fdc(Object *obj, void *opaque)
479 {
480     CheckFdcState *state = opaque;
481     Object *fdc;
482     uint32_t iobase;
483     Error *local_err = NULL;
484 
485     fdc = object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_ISA_FDC);
486     if (!fdc) {
487         return 0;
488     }
489 
490     iobase = object_property_get_uint(obj, "iobase", &local_err);
491     if (local_err || iobase != 0x3f0) {
492         error_free(local_err);
493         return 0;
494     }
495 
496     if (state->floppy) {
497         state->multiple = true;
498     } else {
499         state->floppy = ISA_DEVICE(obj);
500     }
501     return 0;
502 }
503 
504 static const char * const fdc_container_path[] = {
505     "/unattached", "/peripheral", "/peripheral-anon"
506 };
507 
508 /*
509  * Locate the FDC at IO address 0x3f0, in order to configure the CMOS registers
510  * and ACPI objects.
511  */
512 static ISADevice *pc_find_fdc0(void)
513 {
514     int i;
515     Object *container;
516     CheckFdcState state = { 0 };
517 
518     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(fdc_container_path); i++) {
519         container = container_get(qdev_get_machine(), fdc_container_path[i]);
520         object_child_foreach(container, check_fdc, &state);
521     }
522 
523     if (state.multiple) {
524         warn_report("multiple floppy disk controllers with "
525                     "iobase=0x3f0 have been found");
526         error_printf("the one being picked for CMOS setup might not reflect "
527                      "your intent");
528     }
529 
530     return state.floppy;
531 }
532 
533 static void pc_cmos_init_late(void *opaque)
534 {
535     pc_cmos_init_late_arg *arg = opaque;
536     MC146818RtcState *s = arg->rtc_state;
537     int16_t cylinders;
538     int8_t heads, sectors;
539     int val;
540     int i, trans;
541 
542     val = 0;
543     if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 0,
544                                            &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
545         cmos_init_hd(s, 0x19, 0x1b, cylinders, heads, sectors);
546         val |= 0xf0;
547     }
548     if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 1,
549                                            &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
550         cmos_init_hd(s, 0x1a, 0x24, cylinders, heads, sectors);
551         val |= 0x0f;
552     }
553     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x12, val);
554 
555     val = 0;
556     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
557         /* NOTE: ide_get_geometry() returns the physical
558            geometry.  It is always such that: 1 <= sects <= 63, 1
559            <= heads <= 16, 1 <= cylinders <= 16383. The BIOS
560            geometry can be different if a translation is done. */
561         if (arg->idebus[i / 2] &&
562             ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2,
563                              &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
564             trans = ide_get_bios_chs_trans(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2) - 1;
565             assert((trans & ~3) == 0);
566             val |= trans << (i * 2);
567         }
568     }
569     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x39, val);
570 
571     pc_cmos_init_floppy(s, pc_find_fdc0());
572 
573     qemu_unregister_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, opaque);
574 }
575 
576 void pc_cmos_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
577                   BusState *idebus0, BusState *idebus1,
578                   ISADevice *rtc)
579 {
580     int val;
581     static pc_cmos_init_late_arg arg;
582     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
583     MC146818RtcState *s = MC146818_RTC(rtc);
584 
585     /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
586 
587     /* memory size */
588     /* base memory (first MiB) */
589     val = MIN(x86ms->below_4g_mem_size / KiB, 640);
590     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x15, val);
591     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
592     /* extended memory (next 64MiB) */
593     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 1 * MiB) {
594         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 1 * MiB) / KiB;
595     } else {
596         val = 0;
597     }
598     if (val > 65535)
599         val = 65535;
600     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x17, val);
601     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
602     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x30, val);
603     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
604     /* memory between 16MiB and 4GiB */
605     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 16 * MiB) {
606         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 16 * MiB) / (64 * KiB);
607     } else {
608         val = 0;
609     }
610     if (val > 65535)
611         val = 65535;
612     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x34, val);
613     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
614     /* memory above 4GiB */
615     val = x86ms->above_4g_mem_size / 65536;
616     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x5b, val);
617     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x5c, val >> 8);
618     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x5d, val >> 16);
619 
620     object_property_add_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state",
621                              TYPE_ISA_DEVICE,
622                              (Object **)&x86ms->rtc,
623                              object_property_allow_set_link,
624                              OBJ_PROP_LINK_STRONG);
625     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state", OBJECT(s),
626                              &error_abort);
627 
628     set_boot_dev(s, MACHINE(pcms)->boot_config.order, &error_fatal);
629 
630     val = 0;
631     val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
632     val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
633     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
634 
635     /* hard drives and FDC */
636     arg.rtc_state = s;
637     arg.idebus[0] = idebus0;
638     arg.idebus[1] = idebus1;
639     qemu_register_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, &arg);
640 }
641 
642 static void handle_a20_line_change(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
643 {
644     X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
645 
646     /* XXX: send to all CPUs ? */
647     /* XXX: add logic to handle multiple A20 line sources */
648     x86_cpu_set_a20(cpu, level);
649 }
650 
651 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
652 
653 static const int ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360,
654                                               0x280, 0x380 };
655 static const int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
656 
657 static void pc_init_ne2k_isa(ISABus *bus, NICInfo *nd)
658 {
659     static int nb_ne2k = 0;
660 
661     if (nb_ne2k == NE2000_NB_MAX)
662         return;
663     isa_ne2000_init(bus, ne2000_io[nb_ne2k],
664                     ne2000_irq[nb_ne2k], nd);
665     nb_ne2k++;
666 }
667 
668 void pc_acpi_smi_interrupt(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
669 {
670     X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
671 
672     if (level) {
673         cpu_interrupt(CPU(cpu), CPU_INTERRUPT_SMI);
674     }
675 }
676 
677 static
678 void pc_machine_done(Notifier *notifier, void *data)
679 {
680     PCMachineState *pcms = container_of(notifier,
681                                         PCMachineState, machine_done);
682     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
683 
684     cxl_hook_up_pxb_registers(pcms->bus, &pcms->cxl_devices_state,
685                               &error_fatal);
686 
687     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
688         cxl_fmws_link_targets(&pcms->cxl_devices_state, &error_fatal);
689     }
690 
691     /* set the number of CPUs */
692     x86_rtc_set_cpus_count(x86ms->rtc, x86ms->boot_cpus);
693 
694     fw_cfg_add_extra_pci_roots(pcms->bus, x86ms->fw_cfg);
695 
696     acpi_setup();
697     if (x86ms->fw_cfg) {
698         fw_cfg_build_smbios(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
699         fw_cfg_build_feature_control(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
700         /* update FW_CFG_NB_CPUS to account for -device added CPUs */
701         fw_cfg_modify_i16(x86ms->fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
702     }
703 }
704 
705 void pc_guest_info_init(PCMachineState *pcms)
706 {
707     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
708 
709     x86ms->apic_xrupt_override = true;
710     pcms->machine_done.notify = pc_machine_done;
711     qemu_add_machine_init_done_notifier(&pcms->machine_done);
712 }
713 
714 /* setup pci memory address space mapping into system address space */
715 void pc_pci_as_mapping_init(MemoryRegion *system_memory,
716                             MemoryRegion *pci_address_space)
717 {
718     /* Set to lower priority than RAM */
719     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(system_memory, 0x0,
720                                         pci_address_space, -1);
721 }
722 
723 void xen_load_linux(PCMachineState *pcms)
724 {
725     int i;
726     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
727     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
728     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
729 
730     assert(MACHINE(pcms)->kernel_filename != NULL);
731 
732     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init_io(FW_CFG_IO_BASE);
733     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
734     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
735 
736     x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
737                    pcmc->pvh_enabled);
738     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
739         assert(!strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot.bin") ||
740                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot_dma.bin") ||
741                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "pvh.bin") ||
742                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "multiboot.bin") ||
743                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "multiboot_dma.bin"));
744         rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
745     }
746     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
747 }
748 
749 #define PC_ROM_MIN_VGA     0xc0000
750 #define PC_ROM_MIN_OPTION  0xc8000
751 #define PC_ROM_MAX         0xe0000
752 #define PC_ROM_ALIGN       0x800
753 #define PC_ROM_SIZE        (PC_ROM_MAX - PC_ROM_MIN_VGA)
754 
755 static hwaddr pc_above_4g_end(PCMachineState *pcms)
756 {
757     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
758 
759     if (pcms->sgx_epc.size != 0) {
760         return sgx_epc_above_4g_end(&pcms->sgx_epc);
761     }
762 
763     return x86ms->above_4g_mem_start + x86ms->above_4g_mem_size;
764 }
765 
766 static void pc_get_device_memory_range(PCMachineState *pcms,
767                                        hwaddr *base,
768                                        ram_addr_t *device_mem_size)
769 {
770     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
771     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(pcms);
772     ram_addr_t size;
773     hwaddr addr;
774 
775     size = machine->maxram_size - machine->ram_size;
776     addr = ROUND_UP(pc_above_4g_end(pcms), 1 * GiB);
777 
778     if (pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm) {
779         /* size device region assuming 1G page max alignment per slot */
780         size += (1 * GiB) * machine->ram_slots;
781     }
782 
783     *base = addr;
784     *device_mem_size = size;
785 }
786 
787 static uint64_t pc_get_cxl_range_start(PCMachineState *pcms)
788 {
789     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
790     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(pcms);
791     hwaddr cxl_base;
792     ram_addr_t size;
793 
794     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
795         (ms->ram_size < ms->maxram_size)) {
796         pc_get_device_memory_range(pcms, &cxl_base, &size);
797         cxl_base += size;
798     } else {
799         cxl_base = pc_above_4g_end(pcms);
800     }
801 
802     return cxl_base;
803 }
804 
805 static uint64_t pc_get_cxl_range_end(PCMachineState *pcms)
806 {
807     uint64_t start = pc_get_cxl_range_start(pcms) + MiB;
808 
809     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows) {
810         GList *it;
811 
812         start = ROUND_UP(start, 256 * MiB);
813         for (it = pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows; it; it = it->next) {
814             CXLFixedWindow *fw = it->data;
815             start += fw->size;
816         }
817     }
818 
819     return start;
820 }
821 
822 static hwaddr pc_max_used_gpa(PCMachineState *pcms, uint64_t pci_hole64_size)
823 {
824     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(first_cpu);
825     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
826     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(pcms);
827 
828     if (cpu->env.features[FEAT_8000_0001_EDX] & CPUID_EXT2_LM) {
829         /* 64-bit systems */
830         return pc_pci_hole64_start() + pci_hole64_size - 1;
831     }
832 
833     /* 32-bit systems */
834     if (pcmc->broken_32bit_mem_addr_check) {
835         /* old value for compatibility reasons */
836         return ((hwaddr)1 << cpu->phys_bits) - 1;
837     }
838 
839     /*
840      * 32-bit systems don't have hole64 but they might have a region for
841      * memory devices. Even if additional hotplugged memory devices might
842      * not be usable by most guest OSes, we need to still consider them for
843      * calculating the highest possible GPA so that we can properly report
844      * if someone configures them on a CPU that cannot possibly address them.
845      */
846     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
847         (ms->ram_size < ms->maxram_size)) {
848         hwaddr devmem_start;
849         ram_addr_t devmem_size;
850 
851         pc_get_device_memory_range(pcms, &devmem_start, &devmem_size);
852         devmem_start += devmem_size;
853         return devmem_start - 1;
854     }
855 
856     /* configuration without any memory hotplug */
857     return pc_above_4g_end(pcms) - 1;
858 }
859 
860 /*
861  * AMD systems with an IOMMU have an additional hole close to the
862  * 1Tb, which are special GPAs that cannot be DMA mapped. Depending
863  * on kernel version, VFIO may or may not let you DMA map those ranges.
864  * Starting Linux v5.4 we validate it, and can't create guests on AMD machines
865  * with certain memory sizes. It's also wrong to use those IOVA ranges
866  * in detriment of leading to IOMMU INVALID_DEVICE_REQUEST or worse.
867  * The ranges reserved for Hyper-Transport are:
868  *
869  * FD_0000_0000h - FF_FFFF_FFFFh
870  *
871  * The ranges represent the following:
872  *
873  * Base Address   Top Address  Use
874  *
875  * FD_0000_0000h FD_F7FF_FFFFh Reserved interrupt address space
876  * FD_F800_0000h FD_F8FF_FFFFh Interrupt/EOI IntCtl
877  * FD_F900_0000h FD_F90F_FFFFh Legacy PIC IACK
878  * FD_F910_0000h FD_F91F_FFFFh System Management
879  * FD_F920_0000h FD_FAFF_FFFFh Reserved Page Tables
880  * FD_FB00_0000h FD_FBFF_FFFFh Address Translation
881  * FD_FC00_0000h FD_FDFF_FFFFh I/O Space
882  * FD_FE00_0000h FD_FFFF_FFFFh Configuration
883  * FE_0000_0000h FE_1FFF_FFFFh Extended Configuration/Device Messages
884  * FE_2000_0000h FF_FFFF_FFFFh Reserved
885  *
886  * See AMD IOMMU spec, section 2.1.2 "IOMMU Logical Topology",
887  * Table 3: Special Address Controls (GPA) for more information.
888  */
889 #define AMD_HT_START         0xfd00000000UL
890 #define AMD_HT_END           0xffffffffffUL
891 #define AMD_ABOVE_1TB_START  (AMD_HT_END + 1)
892 #define AMD_HT_SIZE          (AMD_ABOVE_1TB_START - AMD_HT_START)
893 
894 void pc_memory_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
895                     MemoryRegion *system_memory,
896                     MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
897                     uint64_t pci_hole64_size)
898 {
899     int linux_boot, i;
900     MemoryRegion *option_rom_mr;
901     MemoryRegion *ram_below_4g, *ram_above_4g;
902     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
903     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(pcms);
904     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
905     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
906     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
907     hwaddr maxphysaddr, maxusedaddr;
908     hwaddr cxl_base, cxl_resv_end = 0;
909     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(first_cpu);
910 
911     assert(machine->ram_size == x86ms->below_4g_mem_size +
912                                 x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
913 
914     linux_boot = (machine->kernel_filename != NULL);
915 
916     /*
917      * The HyperTransport range close to the 1T boundary is unique to AMD
918      * hosts with IOMMUs enabled. Restrict the ram-above-4g relocation
919      * to above 1T to AMD vCPUs only. @enforce_amd_1tb_hole is only false in
920      * older machine types (<= 7.0) for compatibility purposes.
921      */
922     if (IS_AMD_CPU(&cpu->env) && pcmc->enforce_amd_1tb_hole) {
923         /* Bail out if max possible address does not cross HT range */
924         if (pc_max_used_gpa(pcms, pci_hole64_size) >= AMD_HT_START) {
925             x86ms->above_4g_mem_start = AMD_ABOVE_1TB_START;
926         }
927 
928         /*
929          * Advertise the HT region if address space covers the reserved
930          * region or if we relocate.
931          */
932         if (cpu->phys_bits >= 40) {
933             e820_add_entry(AMD_HT_START, AMD_HT_SIZE, E820_RESERVED);
934         }
935     }
936 
937     /*
938      * phys-bits is required to be appropriately configured
939      * to make sure max used GPA is reachable.
940      */
941     maxusedaddr = pc_max_used_gpa(pcms, pci_hole64_size);
942     maxphysaddr = ((hwaddr)1 << cpu->phys_bits) - 1;
943     if (maxphysaddr < maxusedaddr) {
944         error_report("Address space limit 0x%"PRIx64" < 0x%"PRIx64
945                      " phys-bits too low (%u)",
946                      maxphysaddr, maxusedaddr, cpu->phys_bits);
947         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
948     }
949 
950     /*
951      * Split single memory region and use aliases to address portions of it,
952      * done for backwards compatibility with older qemus.
953      */
954     ram_below_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_below_4g));
955     memory_region_init_alias(ram_below_4g, NULL, "ram-below-4g", machine->ram,
956                              0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size);
957     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram_below_4g);
958     e820_add_entry(0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
959     if (x86ms->above_4g_mem_size > 0) {
960         ram_above_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_above_4g));
961         memory_region_init_alias(ram_above_4g, NULL, "ram-above-4g",
962                                  machine->ram,
963                                  x86ms->below_4g_mem_size,
964                                  x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
965         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, x86ms->above_4g_mem_start,
966                                     ram_above_4g);
967         e820_add_entry(x86ms->above_4g_mem_start, x86ms->above_4g_mem_size,
968                        E820_RAM);
969     }
970 
971     if (pcms->sgx_epc.size != 0) {
972         e820_add_entry(pcms->sgx_epc.base, pcms->sgx_epc.size, E820_RESERVED);
973     }
974 
975     if (!pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
976         (machine->ram_slots ||
977          (machine->maxram_size > machine->ram_size))) {
978 
979         error_report("\"-memory 'slots|maxmem'\" is not supported by: %s",
980                      mc->name);
981         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
982     }
983 
984     /* initialize device memory address space */
985     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
986         (machine->ram_size < machine->maxram_size)) {
987         ram_addr_t device_mem_size;
988         hwaddr device_mem_base;
989 
990         if (machine->ram_slots > ACPI_MAX_RAM_SLOTS) {
991             error_report("unsupported amount of memory slots: %"PRIu64,
992                          machine->ram_slots);
993             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
994         }
995 
996         if (QEMU_ALIGN_UP(machine->maxram_size,
997                           TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) != machine->maxram_size) {
998             error_report("maximum memory size must by aligned to multiple of "
999                          "%d bytes", TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
1000             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1001         }
1002 
1003         pc_get_device_memory_range(pcms, &device_mem_base, &device_mem_size);
1004 
1005         if (device_mem_base + device_mem_size < device_mem_size) {
1006             error_report("unsupported amount of maximum memory: " RAM_ADDR_FMT,
1007                          machine->maxram_size);
1008             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1009         }
1010         machine_memory_devices_init(machine, device_mem_base, device_mem_size);
1011     }
1012 
1013     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
1014         MemoryRegion *mr = &pcms->cxl_devices_state.host_mr;
1015         hwaddr cxl_size = MiB;
1016 
1017         cxl_base = pc_get_cxl_range_start(pcms);
1018         memory_region_init(mr, OBJECT(machine), "cxl_host_reg", cxl_size);
1019         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, cxl_base, mr);
1020         cxl_resv_end = cxl_base + cxl_size;
1021         if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows) {
1022             hwaddr cxl_fmw_base;
1023             GList *it;
1024 
1025             cxl_fmw_base = ROUND_UP(cxl_base + cxl_size, 256 * MiB);
1026             for (it = pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows; it; it = it->next) {
1027                 CXLFixedWindow *fw = it->data;
1028 
1029                 fw->base = cxl_fmw_base;
1030                 memory_region_init_io(&fw->mr, OBJECT(machine), &cfmws_ops, fw,
1031                                       "cxl-fixed-memory-region", fw->size);
1032                 memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, fw->base, &fw->mr);
1033                 cxl_fmw_base += fw->size;
1034                 cxl_resv_end = cxl_fmw_base;
1035             }
1036         }
1037     }
1038 
1039     /* Initialize PC system firmware */
1040     pc_system_firmware_init(pcms, rom_memory);
1041 
1042     option_rom_mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*option_rom_mr));
1043     memory_region_init_ram(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE,
1044                            &error_fatal);
1045     if (pcmc->pci_enabled) {
1046         memory_region_set_readonly(option_rom_mr, true);
1047     }
1048     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
1049                                         PC_ROM_MIN_VGA,
1050                                         option_rom_mr,
1051                                         1);
1052 
1053     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_arch_create(machine,
1054                                 x86ms->boot_cpus, x86ms->apic_id_limit);
1055 
1056     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
1057 
1058     if (machine->device_memory) {
1059         uint64_t *val = g_malloc(sizeof(*val));
1060         uint64_t res_mem_end = machine->device_memory->base;
1061 
1062         if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
1063             res_mem_end += memory_region_size(&machine->device_memory->mr);
1064         }
1065 
1066         if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
1067             res_mem_end = cxl_resv_end;
1068         }
1069         *val = cpu_to_le64(ROUND_UP(res_mem_end, 1 * GiB));
1070         fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, "etc/reserved-memory-end", val, sizeof(*val));
1071     }
1072 
1073     if (linux_boot) {
1074         x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
1075                        pcmc->pvh_enabled);
1076     }
1077 
1078     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
1079         rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
1080     }
1081     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
1082 
1083     /* Init default IOAPIC address space */
1084     x86ms->ioapic_as = &address_space_memory;
1085 
1086     /* Init ACPI memory hotplug IO base address */
1087     pcms->memhp_io_base = ACPI_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_BASE;
1088 }
1089 
1090 /*
1091  * The 64bit pci hole starts after "above 4G RAM" and
1092  * potentially the space reserved for memory hotplug.
1093  */
1094 uint64_t pc_pci_hole64_start(void)
1095 {
1096     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
1097     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1098     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(pcms);
1099     uint64_t hole64_start = 0;
1100     ram_addr_t size = 0;
1101 
1102     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
1103         hole64_start = pc_get_cxl_range_end(pcms);
1104     } else if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory && (ms->ram_size < ms->maxram_size)) {
1105         pc_get_device_memory_range(pcms, &hole64_start, &size);
1106         if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
1107             hole64_start += size;
1108         }
1109     } else {
1110         hole64_start = pc_above_4g_end(pcms);
1111     }
1112 
1113     return ROUND_UP(hole64_start, 1 * GiB);
1114 }
1115 
1116 DeviceState *pc_vga_init(ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
1117 {
1118     DeviceState *dev = NULL;
1119 
1120     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_VGA);
1121     if (pci_bus) {
1122         PCIDevice *pcidev = pci_vga_init(pci_bus);
1123         dev = pcidev ? &pcidev->qdev : NULL;
1124     } else if (isa_bus) {
1125         ISADevice *isadev = isa_vga_init(isa_bus);
1126         dev = isadev ? DEVICE(isadev) : NULL;
1127     }
1128     rom_reset_order_override();
1129     return dev;
1130 }
1131 
1132 static const MemoryRegionOps ioport80_io_ops = {
1133     .write = ioport80_write,
1134     .read = ioport80_read,
1135     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1136     .impl = {
1137         .min_access_size = 1,
1138         .max_access_size = 1,
1139     },
1140 };
1141 
1142 static const MemoryRegionOps ioportF0_io_ops = {
1143     .write = ioportF0_write,
1144     .read = ioportF0_read,
1145     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1146     .impl = {
1147         .min_access_size = 1,
1148         .max_access_size = 1,
1149     },
1150 };
1151 
1152 static void pc_superio_init(ISABus *isa_bus, bool create_fdctrl,
1153                             bool create_i8042, bool no_vmport)
1154 {
1155     int i;
1156     DriveInfo *fd[MAX_FD];
1157     qemu_irq *a20_line;
1158     ISADevice *fdc, *i8042, *port92, *vmmouse;
1159 
1160     serial_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, 0, MAX_ISA_SERIAL_PORTS);
1161     parallel_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS);
1162 
1163     for (i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++) {
1164         fd[i] = drive_get(IF_FLOPPY, 0, i);
1165         create_fdctrl |= !!fd[i];
1166     }
1167     if (create_fdctrl) {
1168         fdc = isa_new(TYPE_ISA_FDC);
1169         if (fdc) {
1170             isa_realize_and_unref(fdc, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1171             isa_fdc_init_drives(fdc, fd);
1172         }
1173     }
1174 
1175     if (!create_i8042) {
1176         return;
1177     }
1178 
1179     i8042 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_I8042);
1180     if (!no_vmport) {
1181         isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_VMPORT);
1182         vmmouse = isa_try_new("vmmouse");
1183     } else {
1184         vmmouse = NULL;
1185     }
1186     if (vmmouse) {
1187         object_property_set_link(OBJECT(vmmouse), TYPE_I8042, OBJECT(i8042),
1188                                  &error_abort);
1189         isa_realize_and_unref(vmmouse, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1190     }
1191     port92 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_PORT92);
1192 
1193     a20_line = qemu_allocate_irqs(handle_a20_line_change, first_cpu, 2);
1194     i8042_setup_a20_line(i8042, a20_line[0]);
1195     qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(DEVICE(port92),
1196                                 PORT92_A20_LINE, 0, a20_line[1]);
1197     g_free(a20_line);
1198 }
1199 
1200 void pc_basic_device_init(struct PCMachineState *pcms,
1201                           ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *gsi,
1202                           ISADevice *rtc_state,
1203                           bool create_fdctrl,
1204                           uint32_t hpet_irqs)
1205 {
1206     int i;
1207     DeviceState *hpet = NULL;
1208     int pit_isa_irq = 0;
1209     qemu_irq pit_alt_irq = NULL;
1210     ISADevice *pit = NULL;
1211     MemoryRegion *ioport80_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1212     MemoryRegion *ioportF0_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1213     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
1214 
1215     memory_region_init_io(ioport80_io, NULL, &ioport80_io_ops, NULL, "ioport80", 1);
1216     memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0x80, ioport80_io);
1217 
1218     memory_region_init_io(ioportF0_io, NULL, &ioportF0_io_ops, NULL, "ioportF0", 1);
1219     memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0xf0, ioportF0_io);
1220 
1221     /*
1222      * Check if an HPET shall be created.
1223      */
1224     if (pcms->hpet_enabled) {
1225         qemu_irq rtc_irq;
1226 
1227         hpet = qdev_try_new(TYPE_HPET);
1228         if (!hpet) {
1229             error_report("couldn't create HPET device");
1230             exit(1);
1231         }
1232         /*
1233          * For pc-piix-*, hpet's intcap is always IRQ2. For pc-q35-*,
1234          * use IRQ16~23, IRQ8 and IRQ2.  If the user has already set
1235          * the property, use whatever mask they specified.
1236          */
1237         uint8_t compat = object_property_get_uint(OBJECT(hpet),
1238                 HPET_INTCAP, NULL);
1239         if (!compat) {
1240             qdev_prop_set_uint32(hpet, HPET_INTCAP, hpet_irqs);
1241         }
1242         sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), &error_fatal);
1243         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), 0, HPET_BASE);
1244 
1245         for (i = 0; i < IOAPIC_NUM_PINS; i++) {
1246             sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), i, gsi[i]);
1247         }
1248         pit_isa_irq = -1;
1249         pit_alt_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_PIT_INT);
1250         rtc_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_RTC_INT);
1251 
1252         /* overwrite connection created by south bridge */
1253         qdev_connect_gpio_out(DEVICE(rtc_state), 0, rtc_irq);
1254     }
1255 
1256     object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc-time", OBJECT(rtc_state),
1257                               "date");
1258 
1259 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_EMU
1260     if (xen_mode == XEN_EMULATE) {
1261         xen_overlay_create();
1262         xen_evtchn_create(IOAPIC_NUM_PINS, gsi);
1263         xen_gnttab_create();
1264         xen_xenstore_create();
1265         if (pcms->bus) {
1266             pci_create_simple(pcms->bus, -1, "xen-platform");
1267         }
1268         pcms->xenbus = xen_bus_init();
1269         xen_be_init();
1270     }
1271 #endif
1272 
1273     qemu_register_boot_set(pc_boot_set, rtc_state);
1274 
1275     if (!xen_enabled() &&
1276         (x86ms->pit == ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO || x86ms->pit == ON_OFF_AUTO_ON)) {
1277         if (kvm_pit_in_kernel()) {
1278             pit = kvm_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40);
1279         } else {
1280             pit = i8254_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40, pit_isa_irq, pit_alt_irq);
1281         }
1282         if (hpet) {
1283             /* connect PIT to output control line of the HPET */
1284             qdev_connect_gpio_out(hpet, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(pit), 0));
1285         }
1286         object_property_set_link(OBJECT(pcms->pcspk), "pit",
1287                                  OBJECT(pit), &error_fatal);
1288         isa_realize_and_unref(pcms->pcspk, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1289     }
1290 
1291     /* Super I/O */
1292     pc_superio_init(isa_bus, create_fdctrl, pcms->i8042_enabled,
1293                     pcms->vmport != ON_OFF_AUTO_ON);
1294 }
1295 
1296 void pc_nic_init(PCMachineClass *pcmc, ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus,
1297                  BusState *xen_bus)
1298 {
1299     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(pcmc);
1300     int i;
1301 
1302     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_NIC);
1303     for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
1304         NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
1305         const char *model = nd->model ? nd->model : mc->default_nic;
1306 
1307         if (xen_bus && (!nd->model || g_str_equal(model, "xen-net-device"))) {
1308             DeviceState *dev = qdev_new("xen-net-device");
1309             qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
1310             qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, xen_bus, &error_fatal);
1311         } else if (g_str_equal(model, "ne2k_isa")) {
1312             pc_init_ne2k_isa(isa_bus, nd);
1313         } else {
1314             pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, model, NULL);
1315         }
1316     }
1317     rom_reset_order_override();
1318 }
1319 
1320 void pc_i8259_create(ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *i8259_irqs)
1321 {
1322     qemu_irq *i8259;
1323 
1324     if (kvm_pic_in_kernel()) {
1325         i8259 = kvm_i8259_init(isa_bus);
1326     } else if (xen_enabled()) {
1327         i8259 = xen_interrupt_controller_init();
1328     } else {
1329         i8259 = i8259_init(isa_bus, x86_allocate_cpu_irq());
1330     }
1331 
1332     for (size_t i = 0; i < ISA_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
1333         i8259_irqs[i] = i8259[i];
1334     }
1335 
1336     g_free(i8259);
1337 }
1338 
1339 static void pc_memory_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev, DeviceState *dev,
1340                                Error **errp)
1341 {
1342     const PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1343     const X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1344     const PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1345     const MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1346     const bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1347     const uint64_t legacy_align = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
1348     Error *local_err = NULL;
1349 
1350     /*
1351      * When "acpi=off" is used with the Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1352      * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1353      * addition to cover this case.
1354      */
1355     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1356         error_setg(errp,
1357                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1358         return;
1359     }
1360 
1361     if (is_nvdimm && !ms->nvdimms_state->is_enabled) {
1362         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm is not enabled: missing 'nvdimm' in '-M'");
1363         return;
1364     }
1365 
1366     hotplug_handler_pre_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1367     if (local_err) {
1368         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1369         return;
1370     }
1371 
1372     pc_dimm_pre_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev),
1373                      pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm ? NULL : &legacy_align, errp);
1374 }
1375 
1376 static void pc_memory_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1377                            DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1378 {
1379     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1380     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1381     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1382     bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1383 
1384     pc_dimm_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1385 
1386     if (is_nvdimm) {
1387         nvdimm_plug(ms->nvdimms_state);
1388     }
1389 
1390     hotplug_handler_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &error_abort);
1391 }
1392 
1393 static void pc_memory_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1394                                      DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1395 {
1396     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1397 
1398     /*
1399      * When "acpi=off" is used with the Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1400      * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1401      * addition to cover this case.
1402      */
1403     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1404         error_setg(errp,
1405                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1406         return;
1407     }
1408 
1409     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM)) {
1410         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm device hot unplug is not supported yet.");
1411         return;
1412     }
1413 
1414     hotplug_handler_unplug_request(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev,
1415                                    errp);
1416 }
1417 
1418 static void pc_memory_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1419                              DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1420 {
1421     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1422     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1423     Error *local_err = NULL;
1424 
1425     hotplug_handler_unplug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1426     if (local_err) {
1427         goto out;
1428     }
1429 
1430     pc_dimm_unplug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1431     qdev_unrealize(dev);
1432  out:
1433     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1434 }
1435 
1436 static void pc_hv_balloon_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1437                                    DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1438 {
1439     /* The vmbus handler has no hotplug handler; we should never end up here. */
1440     g_assert(!dev->hotplugged);
1441     memory_device_pre_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), NULL,
1442                            errp);
1443 }
1444 
1445 static void pc_hv_balloon_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1446                                DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1447 {
1448     memory_device_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
1449 }
1450 
1451 static void pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1452                                           DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1453 {
1454     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1455         pc_memory_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1456     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1457         x86_cpu_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1458     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MD_PCI)) {
1459         virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(VIRTIO_MD_PCI(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), errp);
1460     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
1461         /* Declare the APIC range as the reserved MSI region */
1462         char *resv_prop_str = g_strdup_printf("0xfee00000:0xfeefffff:%d",
1463                                               VIRTIO_IOMMU_RESV_MEM_T_MSI);
1464         QList *reserved_regions = qlist_new();
1465 
1466         qlist_append_str(reserved_regions, resv_prop_str);
1467         qdev_prop_set_array(dev, "reserved-regions", reserved_regions);
1468 
1469         g_free(resv_prop_str);
1470     }
1471 
1472     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_X86_IOMMU_DEVICE) ||
1473         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
1474         PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1475 
1476         if (pcms->iommu) {
1477             error_setg(errp, "QEMU does not support multiple vIOMMUs "
1478                        "for x86 yet.");
1479             return;
1480         }
1481         pcms->iommu = dev;
1482     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_HV_BALLOON)) {
1483         pc_hv_balloon_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1484     }
1485 }
1486 
1487 static void pc_machine_device_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1488                                       DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1489 {
1490     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1491         pc_memory_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1492     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1493         x86_cpu_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1494     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MD_PCI)) {
1495         virtio_md_pci_plug(VIRTIO_MD_PCI(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), errp);
1496     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_HV_BALLOON)) {
1497         pc_hv_balloon_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1498     }
1499 }
1500 
1501 static void pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1502                                                 DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1503 {
1504     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1505         pc_memory_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1506     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1507         x86_cpu_unplug_request_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1508     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MD_PCI)) {
1509         virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(VIRTIO_MD_PCI(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev),
1510                                      errp);
1511     } else {
1512         error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug request for not supported device"
1513                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1514     }
1515 }
1516 
1517 static void pc_machine_device_unplug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1518                                         DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1519 {
1520     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1521         pc_memory_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1522     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1523         x86_cpu_unplug_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1524     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MD_PCI)) {
1525         virtio_md_pci_unplug(VIRTIO_MD_PCI(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), errp);
1526     } else {
1527         error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug for not supported device"
1528                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1529     }
1530 }
1531 
1532 static HotplugHandler *pc_get_hotplug_handler(MachineState *machine,
1533                                              DeviceState *dev)
1534 {
1535     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM) ||
1536         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU) ||
1537         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MD_PCI) ||
1538         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI) ||
1539         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_HV_BALLOON) ||
1540         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_X86_IOMMU_DEVICE)) {
1541         return HOTPLUG_HANDLER(machine);
1542     }
1543 
1544     return NULL;
1545 }
1546 
1547 static void pc_machine_get_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1548                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
1549 {
1550     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1551     OnOffAuto vmport = pcms->vmport;
1552 
1553     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &vmport, errp);
1554 }
1555 
1556 static void pc_machine_set_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1557                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
1558 {
1559     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1560 
1561     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &pcms->vmport, errp);
1562 }
1563 
1564 static bool pc_machine_get_smbus(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1565 {
1566     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1567 
1568     return pcms->smbus_enabled;
1569 }
1570 
1571 static void pc_machine_set_smbus(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1572 {
1573     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1574 
1575     pcms->smbus_enabled = value;
1576 }
1577 
1578 static bool pc_machine_get_sata(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1579 {
1580     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1581 
1582     return pcms->sata_enabled;
1583 }
1584 
1585 static void pc_machine_set_sata(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1586 {
1587     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1588 
1589     pcms->sata_enabled = value;
1590 }
1591 
1592 static bool pc_machine_get_hpet(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1593 {
1594     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1595 
1596     return pcms->hpet_enabled;
1597 }
1598 
1599 static void pc_machine_set_hpet(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1600 {
1601     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1602 
1603     pcms->hpet_enabled = value;
1604 }
1605 
1606 static bool pc_machine_get_i8042(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1607 {
1608     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1609 
1610     return pcms->i8042_enabled;
1611 }
1612 
1613 static void pc_machine_set_i8042(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1614 {
1615     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1616 
1617     pcms->i8042_enabled = value;
1618 }
1619 
1620 static bool pc_machine_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1621 {
1622     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1623 
1624     return pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu;
1625 }
1626 
1627 static void pc_machine_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, bool value,
1628                                                     Error **errp)
1629 {
1630     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1631 
1632     pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = value;
1633 }
1634 
1635 static void pc_machine_get_smbios_ep(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1636                                      void *opaque, Error **errp)
1637 {
1638     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1639     SmbiosEntryPointType smbios_entry_point_type = pcms->smbios_entry_point_type;
1640 
1641     visit_type_SmbiosEntryPointType(v, name, &smbios_entry_point_type, errp);
1642 }
1643 
1644 static void pc_machine_set_smbios_ep(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1645                                      void *opaque, Error **errp)
1646 {
1647     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1648 
1649     visit_type_SmbiosEntryPointType(v, name, &pcms->smbios_entry_point_type, errp);
1650 }
1651 
1652 static void pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1653                                             const char *name, void *opaque,
1654                                             Error **errp)
1655 {
1656     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1657     uint64_t value = pcms->max_ram_below_4g;
1658 
1659     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1660 }
1661 
1662 static void pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1663                                             const char *name, void *opaque,
1664                                             Error **errp)
1665 {
1666     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1667     uint64_t value;
1668 
1669     if (!visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp)) {
1670         return;
1671     }
1672     if (value > 4 * GiB) {
1673         error_setg(errp,
1674                    "Machine option 'max-ram-below-4g=%"PRIu64
1675                    "' expects size less than or equal to 4G", value);
1676         return;
1677     }
1678 
1679     if (value < 1 * MiB) {
1680         warn_report("Only %" PRIu64 " bytes of RAM below the 4GiB boundary,"
1681                     "BIOS may not work with less than 1MiB", value);
1682     }
1683 
1684     pcms->max_ram_below_4g = value;
1685 }
1686 
1687 static void pc_machine_get_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1688                                        const char *name, void *opaque,
1689                                        Error **errp)
1690 {
1691     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1692     uint64_t value = pcms->max_fw_size;
1693 
1694     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1695 }
1696 
1697 static void pc_machine_set_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1698                                        const char *name, void *opaque,
1699                                        Error **errp)
1700 {
1701     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1702     uint64_t value;
1703 
1704     if (!visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp)) {
1705         return;
1706     }
1707 
1708     /*
1709      * We don't have a theoretically justifiable exact lower bound on the base
1710      * address of any flash mapping. In practice, the IO-APIC MMIO range is
1711      * [0xFEE00000..0xFEE01000] -- see IO_APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS --, leaving free
1712      * only 18MiB-4KiB below 4GiB. For now, restrict the cumulative mapping to
1713      * 16MiB in size.
1714      */
1715     if (value > 16 * MiB) {
1716         error_setg(errp,
1717                    "User specified max allowed firmware size %" PRIu64 " is "
1718                    "greater than 16MiB. If combined firmware size exceeds "
1719                    "16MiB the system may not boot, or experience intermittent"
1720                    "stability issues.",
1721                    value);
1722         return;
1723     }
1724 
1725     pcms->max_fw_size = value;
1726 }
1727 
1728 
1729 static void pc_machine_initfn(Object *obj)
1730 {
1731     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1732     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1733 
1734 #ifdef CONFIG_VMPORT
1735     pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
1736 #else
1737     pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF;
1738 #endif /* CONFIG_VMPORT */
1739     pcms->max_ram_below_4g = 0; /* use default */
1740     pcms->smbios_entry_point_type = pcmc->default_smbios_ep_type;
1741     pcms->south_bridge = pcmc->default_south_bridge;
1742 
1743     /* acpi build is enabled by default if machine supports it */
1744     pcms->acpi_build_enabled = pcmc->has_acpi_build;
1745     pcms->smbus_enabled = true;
1746     pcms->sata_enabled = true;
1747     pcms->i8042_enabled = true;
1748     pcms->max_fw_size = 8 * MiB;
1749 #ifdef CONFIG_HPET
1750     pcms->hpet_enabled = true;
1751 #endif
1752     pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = false;
1753 
1754     pc_system_flash_create(pcms);
1755     pcms->pcspk = isa_new(TYPE_PC_SPEAKER);
1756     object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(pcms), "pcspk-audiodev",
1757                               OBJECT(pcms->pcspk), "audiodev");
1758     cxl_machine_init(obj, &pcms->cxl_devices_state);
1759 }
1760 
1761 int pc_machine_kvm_type(MachineState *machine, const char *kvm_type)
1762 {
1763     return 0;
1764 }
1765 
1766 static void pc_machine_reset(MachineState *machine, ShutdownCause reason)
1767 {
1768     CPUState *cs;
1769     X86CPU *cpu;
1770 
1771     qemu_devices_reset(reason);
1772 
1773     /* Reset APIC after devices have been reset to cancel
1774      * any changes that qemu_devices_reset() might have done.
1775      */
1776     CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
1777         cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
1778 
1779         x86_cpu_after_reset(cpu);
1780     }
1781 }
1782 
1783 static void pc_machine_wakeup(MachineState *machine)
1784 {
1785     cpu_synchronize_all_states();
1786     pc_machine_reset(machine, SHUTDOWN_CAUSE_NONE);
1787     cpu_synchronize_all_post_reset();
1788 }
1789 
1790 static bool pc_hotplug_allowed(MachineState *ms, DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1791 {
1792     X86IOMMUState *iommu = x86_iommu_get_default();
1793     IntelIOMMUState *intel_iommu;
1794 
1795     if (iommu &&
1796         object_dynamic_cast((Object *)iommu, TYPE_INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE) &&
1797         object_dynamic_cast((Object *)dev, "vfio-pci")) {
1798         intel_iommu = INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE(iommu);
1799         if (!intel_iommu->caching_mode) {
1800             error_setg(errp, "Device assignment is not allowed without "
1801                        "enabling caching-mode=on for Intel IOMMU.");
1802             return false;
1803         }
1804     }
1805 
1806     return true;
1807 }
1808 
1809 static void pc_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
1810 {
1811     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1812     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1813     HotplugHandlerClass *hc = HOTPLUG_HANDLER_CLASS(oc);
1814 
1815     pcmc->pci_enabled = true;
1816     pcmc->has_acpi_build = true;
1817     pcmc->rsdp_in_ram = true;
1818     pcmc->smbios_defaults = true;
1819     pcmc->smbios_uuid_encoded = true;
1820     pcmc->gigabyte_align = true;
1821     pcmc->has_reserved_memory = true;
1822     pcmc->kvmclock_enabled = true;
1823     pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm = true;
1824     pcmc->enforce_amd_1tb_hole = true;
1825     /* BIOS ACPI tables: 128K. Other BIOS datastructures: less than 4K reported
1826      * to be used at the moment, 32K should be enough for a while.  */
1827     pcmc->acpi_data_size = 0x20000 + 0x8000;
1828     pcmc->pvh_enabled = true;
1829     pcmc->kvmclock_create_always = true;
1830     pcmc->resizable_acpi_blob = true;
1831     assert(!mc->get_hotplug_handler);
1832     mc->get_hotplug_handler = pc_get_hotplug_handler;
1833     mc->hotplug_allowed = pc_hotplug_allowed;
1834     mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = x86_cpu_index_to_props;
1835     mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = x86_get_default_cpu_node_id;
1836     mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = x86_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
1837     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memhp = true;
1838     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memdev = true;
1839     mc->has_hotpluggable_cpus = true;
1840     mc->default_boot_order = "cad";
1841     mc->block_default_type = IF_IDE;
1842     mc->max_cpus = 255;
1843     mc->reset = pc_machine_reset;
1844     mc->wakeup = pc_machine_wakeup;
1845     hc->pre_plug = pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb;
1846     hc->plug = pc_machine_device_plug_cb;
1847     hc->unplug_request = pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb;
1848     hc->unplug = pc_machine_device_unplug_cb;
1849     mc->default_cpu_type = TARGET_DEFAULT_CPU_TYPE;
1850     mc->nvdimm_supported = true;
1851     mc->smp_props.dies_supported = true;
1852     mc->default_ram_id = "pc.ram";
1853     pcmc->default_smbios_ep_type = SMBIOS_ENTRY_POINT_TYPE_64;
1854 
1855     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G, "size",
1856         pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g, pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g,
1857         NULL, NULL);
1858     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G,
1859         "Maximum ram below the 4G boundary (32bit boundary)");
1860 
1861     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT, "OnOffAuto",
1862         pc_machine_get_vmport, pc_machine_set_vmport,
1863         NULL, NULL);
1864     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT,
1865         "Enable vmport (pc & q35)");
1866 
1867     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBUS,
1868         pc_machine_get_smbus, pc_machine_set_smbus);
1869     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBUS,
1870         "Enable/disable system management bus");
1871 
1872     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SATA,
1873         pc_machine_get_sata, pc_machine_set_sata);
1874     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_SATA,
1875         "Enable/disable Serial ATA bus");
1876 
1877     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "hpet",
1878         pc_machine_get_hpet, pc_machine_set_hpet);
1879     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "hpet",
1880         "Enable/disable high precision event timer emulation");
1881 
1882     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_I8042,
1883         pc_machine_get_i8042, pc_machine_set_i8042);
1884 
1885     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "default-bus-bypass-iommu",
1886         pc_machine_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu,
1887         pc_machine_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu);
1888 
1889     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE, "size",
1890         pc_machine_get_max_fw_size, pc_machine_set_max_fw_size,
1891         NULL, NULL);
1892     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE,
1893         "Maximum combined firmware size");
1894 
1895     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBIOS_EP, "str",
1896         pc_machine_get_smbios_ep, pc_machine_set_smbios_ep,
1897         NULL, NULL);
1898     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBIOS_EP,
1899         "SMBIOS Entry Point type [32, 64]");
1900 }
1901 
1902 static const TypeInfo pc_machine_info = {
1903     .name = TYPE_PC_MACHINE,
1904     .parent = TYPE_X86_MACHINE,
1905     .abstract = true,
1906     .instance_size = sizeof(PCMachineState),
1907     .instance_init = pc_machine_initfn,
1908     .class_size = sizeof(PCMachineClass),
1909     .class_init = pc_machine_class_init,
1910     .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
1911          { TYPE_HOTPLUG_HANDLER },
1912          { }
1913     },
1914 };
1915 
1916 static void pc_machine_register_types(void)
1917 {
1918     type_register_static(&pc_machine_info);
1919 }
1920 
1921 type_init(pc_machine_register_types)
1922