xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/i386/pc.c (revision 19ac7b29)
1 /*
2  * QEMU PC System Emulator
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qemu/units.h"
27 #include "hw/i386/x86.h"
28 #include "hw/i386/pc.h"
29 #include "hw/char/serial.h"
30 #include "hw/char/parallel.h"
31 #include "hw/i386/topology.h"
32 #include "hw/i386/fw_cfg.h"
33 #include "hw/i386/vmport.h"
34 #include "sysemu/cpus.h"
35 #include "hw/block/fdc.h"
36 #include "hw/ide/internal.h"
37 #include "hw/ide/isa.h"
38 #include "hw/pci/pci.h"
39 #include "hw/pci/pci_bus.h"
40 #include "hw/pci-bridge/pci_expander_bridge.h"
41 #include "hw/nvram/fw_cfg.h"
42 #include "hw/timer/hpet.h"
43 #include "hw/firmware/smbios.h"
44 #include "hw/loader.h"
45 #include "elf.h"
46 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
47 #include "multiboot.h"
48 #include "hw/rtc/mc146818rtc.h"
49 #include "hw/intc/i8259.h"
50 #include "hw/intc/ioapic.h"
51 #include "hw/timer/i8254.h"
52 #include "hw/input/i8042.h"
53 #include "hw/irq.h"
54 #include "hw/audio/pcspk.h"
55 #include "hw/pci/msi.h"
56 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
57 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
58 #include "sysemu/tcg.h"
59 #include "sysemu/numa.h"
60 #include "sysemu/kvm.h"
61 #include "sysemu/xen.h"
62 #include "sysemu/reset.h"
63 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
64 #include "kvm/kvm_i386.h"
65 #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
66 #include "hw/xen/start_info.h"
67 #include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
68 #include "exec/memory.h"
69 #include "qemu/bitmap.h"
70 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
71 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
72 #include "qemu/option.h"
73 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
74 #include "hw/acpi/acpi.h"
75 #include "hw/acpi/cpu_hotplug.h"
76 #include "acpi-build.h"
77 #include "hw/mem/pc-dimm.h"
78 #include "hw/mem/nvdimm.h"
79 #include "hw/cxl/cxl.h"
80 #include "hw/cxl/cxl_host.h"
81 #include "qapi/error.h"
82 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-common.h"
83 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-machine.h"
84 #include "qapi/visitor.h"
85 #include "hw/core/cpu.h"
86 #include "hw/usb.h"
87 #include "hw/i386/intel_iommu.h"
88 #include "hw/net/ne2000-isa.h"
89 #include "standard-headers/asm-x86/bootparam.h"
90 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-iommu.h"
91 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-md-pci.h"
92 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_overlay.h"
93 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_evtchn.h"
94 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_gnttab.h"
95 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_xenstore.h"
96 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
97 #include "target/i386/cpu.h"
98 #include "e820_memory_layout.h"
99 #include "fw_cfg.h"
100 #include "trace.h"
101 #include CONFIG_DEVICES
102 
103 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_EMU
104 #include "hw/xen/xen-legacy-backend.h"
105 #include "hw/xen/xen-bus.h"
106 #endif
107 
108 /*
109  * Helper for setting model-id for CPU models that changed model-id
110  * depending on QEMU versions up to QEMU 2.4.
111  */
112 #define PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS(v) \
113     { "qemu32-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model-id", "QEMU Virtual CPU version " v, },\
114     { "qemu64-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model-id", "QEMU Virtual CPU version " v, },\
115     { "athlon-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model-id", "QEMU Virtual CPU version " v, },
116 
117 GlobalProperty pc_compat_8_0[] = {
118     { "virtio-mem", "unplugged-inaccessible", "auto" },
119 };
120 const size_t pc_compat_8_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_8_0);
121 
122 GlobalProperty pc_compat_7_2[] = {
123     { "ICH9-LPC", "noreboot", "true" },
124 };
125 const size_t pc_compat_7_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_7_2);
126 
127 GlobalProperty pc_compat_7_1[] = {};
128 const size_t pc_compat_7_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_7_1);
129 
130 GlobalProperty pc_compat_7_0[] = {};
131 const size_t pc_compat_7_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_7_0);
132 
133 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_2[] = {
134     { "virtio-mem", "unplugged-inaccessible", "off" },
135 };
136 const size_t pc_compat_6_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_2);
137 
138 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_1[] = {
139     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-build", "0x1bbc" },
140     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-major", "0x0006" },
141     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-minor", "0x0001" },
142     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-keep-pci-slot-hpc", "false" },
143 };
144 const size_t pc_compat_6_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_1);
145 
146 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_0[] = {
147     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "6" },
148     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
149     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "3" },
150     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-vendor-cpuid-only", "off" },
151     { "ICH9-LPC", ACPI_PM_PROP_ACPI_PCIHP_BRIDGE, "off" },
152     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-keep-pci-slot-hpc", "true" },
153 };
154 const size_t pc_compat_6_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_0);
155 
156 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_2[] = {
157     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotunplug", "off" },
158 };
159 const size_t pc_compat_5_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_2);
160 
161 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_1[] = {
162     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotplug", "off" },
163     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-msi-ext-dest-id", "off" },
164 };
165 const size_t pc_compat_5_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_1);
166 
167 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_0[] = {
168 };
169 const size_t pc_compat_5_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_0);
170 
171 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_2[] = {
172     { "mch", "smbase-smram", "off" },
173 };
174 const size_t pc_compat_4_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_2);
175 
176 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_1[] = {};
177 const size_t pc_compat_4_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_1);
178 
179 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_0[] = {};
180 const size_t pc_compat_4_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_0);
181 
182 GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_1[] = {
183     { "intel-iommu", "dma-drain", "off" },
184     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
185     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
186     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
187     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
188     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
189     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
190     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
191     { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
192     { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
193     { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
194     { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
195     { "Skylake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
196     { "Skylake-Client-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
197     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
198     { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
199     { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,  "mpx", "on" },
200     { "Icelake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
201     { "Icelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
202     { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "5" },
203     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-intel-pt-auto-level", "off" },
204 };
205 const size_t pc_compat_3_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_1);
206 
207 GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_0[] = {
208     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-synic-kvm-only", "on" },
209     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
210     { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
211 };
212 const size_t pc_compat_3_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_0);
213 
214 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_12[] = {
215     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "legacy-cache", "on" },
216     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "topoext", "off" },
217     { "EPYC-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
218     { "EPYC-IBPB-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
219 };
220 const size_t pc_compat_2_12_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_12);
221 
222 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_11[] = {
223     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-migrate-smi-count", "off" },
224     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "clflushopt", "off" },
225 };
226 const size_t pc_compat_2_11_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_11);
227 
228 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_10[] = {
229     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-max-vps", "0x40" },
230     { "i440FX-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
231     { "q35-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
232 };
233 const size_t pc_compat_2_10_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_10);
234 
235 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_9[] = {
236     { "mch", "extended-tseg-mbytes", "0" },
237 };
238 const size_t pc_compat_2_9_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_9);
239 
240 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_8[] = {
241     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "tcg-cpuid", "off" },
242     { "kvmclock", "x-mach-use-reliable-get-clock", "off" },
243     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-broadcast", "off" },
244     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmware-cpuid-freq", "off" },
245     { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
246 };
247 const size_t pc_compat_2_8_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_8);
248 
249 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_7[] = {
250     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "l3-cache", "off" },
251     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "full-cpuid-auto-level", "off" },
252     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "15" },
253     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
254     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
255     { "isa-pcspk", "migrate", "off" },
256 };
257 const size_t pc_compat_2_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_7);
258 
259 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_6[] = {
260     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "cpuid-0xb", "off" },
261     { "vmxnet3", "romfile", "" },
262     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "fill-mtrr-mask", "off" },
263     { "apic-common", "legacy-instance-id", "on", }
264 };
265 const size_t pc_compat_2_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_6);
266 
267 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_5[] = {};
268 const size_t pc_compat_2_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_5);
269 
270 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_4[] = {
271     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.4.0")
272     { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
273     { "Haswell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
274     { "Broadwell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
275     { "Broadwell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
276     { "host" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "host-cache-info", "on" },
277     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "check", "off" },
278     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "sse4a", "on" },
279     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "on" },
280     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
281     { "qemu32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
282     { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
283     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
284     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
285     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on", }
286 };
287 const size_t pc_compat_2_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_4);
288 
289 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_3[] = {
290     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.3.0")
291     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "arat", "off" },
292     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
293     { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
294     { "pentium3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
295     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
296     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
297     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
298     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
299     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
300     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
301     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
302     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
303     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
304     { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
305     { "IvyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
306     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
307     { "Haswell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
308     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
309     { "Broadwell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
310     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-no-smi-migration", "on" },
311 };
312 const size_t pc_compat_2_3_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_3);
313 
314 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_2[] = {
315     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.2.0")
316     { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
317     { "kvm32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
318     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
319     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
320     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
321     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
322     { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
323     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
324     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
325     { "Opteron_G1" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
326     { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
327     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
328     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
329     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
330     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
331     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
332     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
333     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
334 };
335 const size_t pc_compat_2_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_2);
336 
337 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_1[] = {
338     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.1.0")
339     { "coreduo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
340     { "core2duo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
341 };
342 const size_t pc_compat_2_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_1);
343 
344 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_0[] = {
345     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.0.0")
346     { "virtio-scsi-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
347     { "PIIX4_PM", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
348     { "apic", "version", "0x11" },
349     { "nec-usb-xhci", "superspeed-ports-first", "off" },
350     { "nec-usb-xhci", "force-pcie-endcap", "on" },
351     { "pci-serial", "prog_if", "0" },
352     { "pci-serial-2x", "prog_if", "0" },
353     { "pci-serial-4x", "prog_if", "0" },
354     { "virtio-net-pci", "guest_announce", "off" },
355     { "ICH9-LPC", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
356 };
357 const size_t pc_compat_2_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_0);
358 
359 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_7[] = {
360     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.7.0")
361     { TYPE_USB_DEVICE, "msos-desc", "no" },
362     { "PIIX4_PM", ACPI_PM_PROP_ACPI_PCIHP_BRIDGE, "off" },
363     { "hpet", HPET_INTCAP, "4" },
364 };
365 const size_t pc_compat_1_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_7);
366 
367 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_6[] = {
368     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.6.0")
369     { "e1000", "mitigation", "off" },
370     { "qemu64-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
371     { "qemu32-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "3" },
372     { "i440FX-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "1" },
373     { "q35-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "1" },
374 };
375 const size_t pc_compat_1_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_6);
376 
377 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_5[] = {
378     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.5.0")
379     { "Conroe-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
380     { "Conroe-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
381     { "Penryn-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
382     { "Penryn-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
383     { "Nehalem-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
384     { "Nehalem-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
385     { "virtio-net-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
386     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "pmu", "on" },
387     { "i440FX-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "0" },
388     { "q35-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "0" },
389 };
390 const size_t pc_compat_1_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_5);
391 
392 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_4[] = {
393     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.4.0")
394     { "scsi-hd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
395     { "scsi-cd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
396     { "ide-hd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
397     { "ide-cd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
398     { "virtio-blk-pci", "discard_granularity", "0" },
399     /* DEV_NVECTORS_UNSPECIFIED as a uint32_t string: */
400     { "virtio-serial-pci", "vectors", "0xFFFFFFFF" },
401     { "virtio-net-pci", "ctrl_guest_offloads", "off" },
402     { "e1000", "romfile", "pxe-e1000.rom" },
403     { "ne2k_pci", "romfile", "pxe-ne2k_pci.rom" },
404     { "pcnet", "romfile", "pxe-pcnet.rom" },
405     { "rtl8139", "romfile", "pxe-rtl8139.rom" },
406     { "virtio-net-pci", "romfile", "pxe-virtio.rom" },
407     { "486-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "0" },
408     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "movbe", "off" },
409     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pclmulqdq", "off" },
410 };
411 const size_t pc_compat_1_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_4);
412 
413 GSIState *pc_gsi_create(qemu_irq **irqs, bool pci_enabled)
414 {
415     GSIState *s;
416 
417     s = g_new0(GSIState, 1);
418     if (kvm_ioapic_in_kernel()) {
419         kvm_pc_setup_irq_routing(pci_enabled);
420     }
421     *irqs = qemu_allocate_irqs(gsi_handler, s, IOAPIC_NUM_PINS);
422 
423     return s;
424 }
425 
426 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
427                            unsigned size)
428 {
429 }
430 
431 static uint64_t ioport80_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
432 {
433     return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
434 }
435 
436 /* MSDOS compatibility mode FPU exception support */
437 static void ioportF0_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
438                            unsigned size)
439 {
440     if (tcg_enabled()) {
441         cpu_set_ignne();
442     }
443 }
444 
445 static uint64_t ioportF0_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
446 {
447     return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
448 }
449 
450 /* PC cmos mappings */
451 
452 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE          0x14
453 
454 static void cmos_init_hd(MC146818RtcState *s, int type_ofs, int info_ofs,
455                          int16_t cylinders, int8_t heads, int8_t sectors)
456 {
457     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, type_ofs, 47);
458     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs, cylinders);
459     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 1, cylinders >> 8);
460     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 2, heads);
461     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 3, 0xff);
462     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 4, 0xff);
463     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 5, 0xc0 | ((heads > 8) << 3));
464     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 6, cylinders);
465     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 7, cylinders >> 8);
466     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 8, sectors);
467 }
468 
469 /* convert boot_device letter to something recognizable by the bios */
470 static int boot_device2nibble(char boot_device)
471 {
472     switch(boot_device) {
473     case 'a':
474     case 'b':
475         return 0x01; /* floppy boot */
476     case 'c':
477         return 0x02; /* hard drive boot */
478     case 'd':
479         return 0x03; /* CD-ROM boot */
480     case 'n':
481         return 0x04; /* Network boot */
482     }
483     return 0;
484 }
485 
486 static void set_boot_dev(MC146818RtcState *s, const char *boot_device,
487                          Error **errp)
488 {
489 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
490     int nbds, bds[3] = { 0, };
491     int i;
492 
493     nbds = strlen(boot_device);
494     if (nbds > PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES) {
495         error_setg(errp, "Too many boot devices for PC");
496         return;
497     }
498     for (i = 0; i < nbds; i++) {
499         bds[i] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device[i]);
500         if (bds[i] == 0) {
501             error_setg(errp, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'",
502                        boot_device[i]);
503             return;
504         }
505     }
506     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x3d, (bds[1] << 4) | bds[0]);
507     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x38, (bds[2] << 4) | (fd_bootchk ? 0x0 : 0x1));
508 }
509 
510 static void pc_boot_set(void *opaque, const char *boot_device, Error **errp)
511 {
512     set_boot_dev(opaque, boot_device, errp);
513 }
514 
515 static void pc_cmos_init_floppy(MC146818RtcState *rtc_state, ISADevice *floppy)
516 {
517     int val, nb, i;
518     FloppyDriveType fd_type[2] = { FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE,
519                                    FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE };
520 
521     /* floppy type */
522     if (floppy) {
523         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
524             fd_type[i] = isa_fdc_get_drive_type(floppy, i);
525         }
526     }
527     val = (cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[0]) << 4) |
528         cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[1]);
529     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(rtc_state, 0x10, val);
530 
531     val = mc146818rtc_get_cmos_data(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE);
532     nb = 0;
533     if (fd_type[0] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
534         nb++;
535     }
536     if (fd_type[1] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
537         nb++;
538     }
539     switch (nb) {
540     case 0:
541         break;
542     case 1:
543         val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
544         break;
545     case 2:
546         val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
547         break;
548     }
549     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
550 }
551 
552 typedef struct pc_cmos_init_late_arg {
553     MC146818RtcState *rtc_state;
554     BusState *idebus[2];
555 } pc_cmos_init_late_arg;
556 
557 typedef struct check_fdc_state {
558     ISADevice *floppy;
559     bool multiple;
560 } CheckFdcState;
561 
562 static int check_fdc(Object *obj, void *opaque)
563 {
564     CheckFdcState *state = opaque;
565     Object *fdc;
566     uint32_t iobase;
567     Error *local_err = NULL;
568 
569     fdc = object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_ISA_FDC);
570     if (!fdc) {
571         return 0;
572     }
573 
574     iobase = object_property_get_uint(obj, "iobase", &local_err);
575     if (local_err || iobase != 0x3f0) {
576         error_free(local_err);
577         return 0;
578     }
579 
580     if (state->floppy) {
581         state->multiple = true;
582     } else {
583         state->floppy = ISA_DEVICE(obj);
584     }
585     return 0;
586 }
587 
588 static const char * const fdc_container_path[] = {
589     "/unattached", "/peripheral", "/peripheral-anon"
590 };
591 
592 /*
593  * Locate the FDC at IO address 0x3f0, in order to configure the CMOS registers
594  * and ACPI objects.
595  */
596 static ISADevice *pc_find_fdc0(void)
597 {
598     int i;
599     Object *container;
600     CheckFdcState state = { 0 };
601 
602     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(fdc_container_path); i++) {
603         container = container_get(qdev_get_machine(), fdc_container_path[i]);
604         object_child_foreach(container, check_fdc, &state);
605     }
606 
607     if (state.multiple) {
608         warn_report("multiple floppy disk controllers with "
609                     "iobase=0x3f0 have been found");
610         error_printf("the one being picked for CMOS setup might not reflect "
611                      "your intent");
612     }
613 
614     return state.floppy;
615 }
616 
617 static void pc_cmos_init_late(void *opaque)
618 {
619     pc_cmos_init_late_arg *arg = opaque;
620     MC146818RtcState *s = arg->rtc_state;
621     int16_t cylinders;
622     int8_t heads, sectors;
623     int val;
624     int i, trans;
625 
626     val = 0;
627     if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 0,
628                                            &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
629         cmos_init_hd(s, 0x19, 0x1b, cylinders, heads, sectors);
630         val |= 0xf0;
631     }
632     if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 1,
633                                            &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
634         cmos_init_hd(s, 0x1a, 0x24, cylinders, heads, sectors);
635         val |= 0x0f;
636     }
637     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x12, val);
638 
639     val = 0;
640     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
641         /* NOTE: ide_get_geometry() returns the physical
642            geometry.  It is always such that: 1 <= sects <= 63, 1
643            <= heads <= 16, 1 <= cylinders <= 16383. The BIOS
644            geometry can be different if a translation is done. */
645         if (arg->idebus[i / 2] &&
646             ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2,
647                              &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
648             trans = ide_get_bios_chs_trans(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2) - 1;
649             assert((trans & ~3) == 0);
650             val |= trans << (i * 2);
651         }
652     }
653     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x39, val);
654 
655     pc_cmos_init_floppy(s, pc_find_fdc0());
656 
657     qemu_unregister_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, opaque);
658 }
659 
660 void pc_cmos_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
661                   BusState *idebus0, BusState *idebus1,
662                   ISADevice *rtc)
663 {
664     int val;
665     static pc_cmos_init_late_arg arg;
666     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
667     MC146818RtcState *s = MC146818_RTC(rtc);
668 
669     /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
670 
671     /* memory size */
672     /* base memory (first MiB) */
673     val = MIN(x86ms->below_4g_mem_size / KiB, 640);
674     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x15, val);
675     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
676     /* extended memory (next 64MiB) */
677     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 1 * MiB) {
678         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 1 * MiB) / KiB;
679     } else {
680         val = 0;
681     }
682     if (val > 65535)
683         val = 65535;
684     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x17, val);
685     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
686     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x30, val);
687     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
688     /* memory between 16MiB and 4GiB */
689     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 16 * MiB) {
690         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 16 * MiB) / (64 * KiB);
691     } else {
692         val = 0;
693     }
694     if (val > 65535)
695         val = 65535;
696     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x34, val);
697     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
698     /* memory above 4GiB */
699     val = x86ms->above_4g_mem_size / 65536;
700     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x5b, val);
701     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x5c, val >> 8);
702     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x5d, val >> 16);
703 
704     object_property_add_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state",
705                              TYPE_ISA_DEVICE,
706                              (Object **)&x86ms->rtc,
707                              object_property_allow_set_link,
708                              OBJ_PROP_LINK_STRONG);
709     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state", OBJECT(s),
710                              &error_abort);
711 
712     set_boot_dev(s, MACHINE(pcms)->boot_config.order, &error_fatal);
713 
714     val = 0;
715     val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
716     val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
717     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
718 
719     /* hard drives and FDC */
720     arg.rtc_state = s;
721     arg.idebus[0] = idebus0;
722     arg.idebus[1] = idebus1;
723     qemu_register_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, &arg);
724 }
725 
726 static void handle_a20_line_change(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
727 {
728     X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
729 
730     /* XXX: send to all CPUs ? */
731     /* XXX: add logic to handle multiple A20 line sources */
732     x86_cpu_set_a20(cpu, level);
733 }
734 
735 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
736 
737 static const int ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360,
738                                               0x280, 0x380 };
739 static const int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
740 
741 static void pc_init_ne2k_isa(ISABus *bus, NICInfo *nd)
742 {
743     static int nb_ne2k = 0;
744 
745     if (nb_ne2k == NE2000_NB_MAX)
746         return;
747     isa_ne2000_init(bus, ne2000_io[nb_ne2k],
748                     ne2000_irq[nb_ne2k], nd);
749     nb_ne2k++;
750 }
751 
752 void pc_acpi_smi_interrupt(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
753 {
754     X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
755 
756     if (level) {
757         cpu_interrupt(CPU(cpu), CPU_INTERRUPT_SMI);
758     }
759 }
760 
761 static
762 void pc_machine_done(Notifier *notifier, void *data)
763 {
764     PCMachineState *pcms = container_of(notifier,
765                                         PCMachineState, machine_done);
766     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
767 
768     cxl_hook_up_pxb_registers(pcms->bus, &pcms->cxl_devices_state,
769                               &error_fatal);
770 
771     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
772         cxl_fmws_link_targets(&pcms->cxl_devices_state, &error_fatal);
773     }
774 
775     /* set the number of CPUs */
776     x86_rtc_set_cpus_count(x86ms->rtc, x86ms->boot_cpus);
777 
778     fw_cfg_add_extra_pci_roots(pcms->bus, x86ms->fw_cfg);
779 
780     acpi_setup();
781     if (x86ms->fw_cfg) {
782         fw_cfg_build_smbios(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
783         fw_cfg_build_feature_control(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
784         /* update FW_CFG_NB_CPUS to account for -device added CPUs */
785         fw_cfg_modify_i16(x86ms->fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
786     }
787 }
788 
789 void pc_guest_info_init(PCMachineState *pcms)
790 {
791     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
792 
793     x86ms->apic_xrupt_override = true;
794     pcms->machine_done.notify = pc_machine_done;
795     qemu_add_machine_init_done_notifier(&pcms->machine_done);
796 }
797 
798 /* setup pci memory address space mapping into system address space */
799 void pc_pci_as_mapping_init(MemoryRegion *system_memory,
800                             MemoryRegion *pci_address_space)
801 {
802     /* Set to lower priority than RAM */
803     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(system_memory, 0x0,
804                                         pci_address_space, -1);
805 }
806 
807 void xen_load_linux(PCMachineState *pcms)
808 {
809     int i;
810     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
811     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
812     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
813 
814     assert(MACHINE(pcms)->kernel_filename != NULL);
815 
816     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init_io(FW_CFG_IO_BASE);
817     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
818     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
819 
820     x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
821                    pcmc->pvh_enabled);
822     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
823         assert(!strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot.bin") ||
824                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot_dma.bin") ||
825                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "pvh.bin") ||
826                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "multiboot.bin") ||
827                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "multiboot_dma.bin"));
828         rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
829     }
830     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
831 }
832 
833 #define PC_ROM_MIN_VGA     0xc0000
834 #define PC_ROM_MIN_OPTION  0xc8000
835 #define PC_ROM_MAX         0xe0000
836 #define PC_ROM_ALIGN       0x800
837 #define PC_ROM_SIZE        (PC_ROM_MAX - PC_ROM_MIN_VGA)
838 
839 static hwaddr pc_above_4g_end(PCMachineState *pcms)
840 {
841     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
842 
843     if (pcms->sgx_epc.size != 0) {
844         return sgx_epc_above_4g_end(&pcms->sgx_epc);
845     }
846 
847     return x86ms->above_4g_mem_start + x86ms->above_4g_mem_size;
848 }
849 
850 static void pc_get_device_memory_range(PCMachineState *pcms,
851                                        hwaddr *base,
852                                        ram_addr_t *device_mem_size)
853 {
854     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
855     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(pcms);
856     ram_addr_t size;
857     hwaddr addr;
858 
859     size = machine->maxram_size - machine->ram_size;
860     addr = ROUND_UP(pc_above_4g_end(pcms), 1 * GiB);
861 
862     if (pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm) {
863         /* size device region assuming 1G page max alignment per slot */
864         size += (1 * GiB) * machine->ram_slots;
865     }
866 
867     *base = addr;
868     *device_mem_size = size;
869 }
870 
871 static uint64_t pc_get_cxl_range_start(PCMachineState *pcms)
872 {
873     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
874     hwaddr cxl_base;
875     ram_addr_t size;
876 
877     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory) {
878         pc_get_device_memory_range(pcms, &cxl_base, &size);
879         cxl_base += size;
880     } else {
881         cxl_base = pc_above_4g_end(pcms);
882     }
883 
884     return cxl_base;
885 }
886 
887 static uint64_t pc_get_cxl_range_end(PCMachineState *pcms)
888 {
889     uint64_t start = pc_get_cxl_range_start(pcms) + MiB;
890 
891     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows) {
892         GList *it;
893 
894         start = ROUND_UP(start, 256 * MiB);
895         for (it = pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows; it; it = it->next) {
896             CXLFixedWindow *fw = it->data;
897             start += fw->size;
898         }
899     }
900 
901     return start;
902 }
903 
904 static hwaddr pc_max_used_gpa(PCMachineState *pcms, uint64_t pci_hole64_size)
905 {
906     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(first_cpu);
907 
908     /* 32-bit systems don't have hole64 thus return max CPU address */
909     if (cpu->phys_bits <= 32) {
910         return ((hwaddr)1 << cpu->phys_bits) - 1;
911     }
912 
913     return pc_pci_hole64_start() + pci_hole64_size - 1;
914 }
915 
916 /*
917  * AMD systems with an IOMMU have an additional hole close to the
918  * 1Tb, which are special GPAs that cannot be DMA mapped. Depending
919  * on kernel version, VFIO may or may not let you DMA map those ranges.
920  * Starting Linux v5.4 we validate it, and can't create guests on AMD machines
921  * with certain memory sizes. It's also wrong to use those IOVA ranges
922  * in detriment of leading to IOMMU INVALID_DEVICE_REQUEST or worse.
923  * The ranges reserved for Hyper-Transport are:
924  *
925  * FD_0000_0000h - FF_FFFF_FFFFh
926  *
927  * The ranges represent the following:
928  *
929  * Base Address   Top Address  Use
930  *
931  * FD_0000_0000h FD_F7FF_FFFFh Reserved interrupt address space
932  * FD_F800_0000h FD_F8FF_FFFFh Interrupt/EOI IntCtl
933  * FD_F900_0000h FD_F90F_FFFFh Legacy PIC IACK
934  * FD_F910_0000h FD_F91F_FFFFh System Management
935  * FD_F920_0000h FD_FAFF_FFFFh Reserved Page Tables
936  * FD_FB00_0000h FD_FBFF_FFFFh Address Translation
937  * FD_FC00_0000h FD_FDFF_FFFFh I/O Space
938  * FD_FE00_0000h FD_FFFF_FFFFh Configuration
939  * FE_0000_0000h FE_1FFF_FFFFh Extended Configuration/Device Messages
940  * FE_2000_0000h FF_FFFF_FFFFh Reserved
941  *
942  * See AMD IOMMU spec, section 2.1.2 "IOMMU Logical Topology",
943  * Table 3: Special Address Controls (GPA) for more information.
944  */
945 #define AMD_HT_START         0xfd00000000UL
946 #define AMD_HT_END           0xffffffffffUL
947 #define AMD_ABOVE_1TB_START  (AMD_HT_END + 1)
948 #define AMD_HT_SIZE          (AMD_ABOVE_1TB_START - AMD_HT_START)
949 
950 void pc_memory_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
951                     MemoryRegion *system_memory,
952                     MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
953                     uint64_t pci_hole64_size)
954 {
955     int linux_boot, i;
956     MemoryRegion *option_rom_mr;
957     MemoryRegion *ram_below_4g, *ram_above_4g;
958     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
959     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(pcms);
960     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
961     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
962     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
963     hwaddr maxphysaddr, maxusedaddr;
964     hwaddr cxl_base, cxl_resv_end = 0;
965     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(first_cpu);
966 
967     assert(machine->ram_size == x86ms->below_4g_mem_size +
968                                 x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
969 
970     linux_boot = (machine->kernel_filename != NULL);
971 
972     /*
973      * The HyperTransport range close to the 1T boundary is unique to AMD
974      * hosts with IOMMUs enabled. Restrict the ram-above-4g relocation
975      * to above 1T to AMD vCPUs only. @enforce_amd_1tb_hole is only false in
976      * older machine types (<= 7.0) for compatibility purposes.
977      */
978     if (IS_AMD_CPU(&cpu->env) && pcmc->enforce_amd_1tb_hole) {
979         /* Bail out if max possible address does not cross HT range */
980         if (pc_max_used_gpa(pcms, pci_hole64_size) >= AMD_HT_START) {
981             x86ms->above_4g_mem_start = AMD_ABOVE_1TB_START;
982         }
983 
984         /*
985          * Advertise the HT region if address space covers the reserved
986          * region or if we relocate.
987          */
988         if (cpu->phys_bits >= 40) {
989             e820_add_entry(AMD_HT_START, AMD_HT_SIZE, E820_RESERVED);
990         }
991     }
992 
993     /*
994      * phys-bits is required to be appropriately configured
995      * to make sure max used GPA is reachable.
996      */
997     maxusedaddr = pc_max_used_gpa(pcms, pci_hole64_size);
998     maxphysaddr = ((hwaddr)1 << cpu->phys_bits) - 1;
999     if (maxphysaddr < maxusedaddr) {
1000         error_report("Address space limit 0x%"PRIx64" < 0x%"PRIx64
1001                      " phys-bits too low (%u)",
1002                      maxphysaddr, maxusedaddr, cpu->phys_bits);
1003         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1004     }
1005 
1006     /*
1007      * Split single memory region and use aliases to address portions of it,
1008      * done for backwards compatibility with older qemus.
1009      */
1010     ram_below_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_below_4g));
1011     memory_region_init_alias(ram_below_4g, NULL, "ram-below-4g", machine->ram,
1012                              0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size);
1013     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram_below_4g);
1014     e820_add_entry(0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
1015     if (x86ms->above_4g_mem_size > 0) {
1016         ram_above_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_above_4g));
1017         memory_region_init_alias(ram_above_4g, NULL, "ram-above-4g",
1018                                  machine->ram,
1019                                  x86ms->below_4g_mem_size,
1020                                  x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
1021         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, x86ms->above_4g_mem_start,
1022                                     ram_above_4g);
1023         e820_add_entry(x86ms->above_4g_mem_start, x86ms->above_4g_mem_size,
1024                        E820_RAM);
1025     }
1026 
1027     if (pcms->sgx_epc.size != 0) {
1028         e820_add_entry(pcms->sgx_epc.base, pcms->sgx_epc.size, E820_RESERVED);
1029     }
1030 
1031     if (!pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
1032         (machine->ram_slots ||
1033          (machine->maxram_size > machine->ram_size))) {
1034 
1035         error_report("\"-memory 'slots|maxmem'\" is not supported by: %s",
1036                      mc->name);
1037         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1038     }
1039 
1040     /* initialize device memory address space */
1041     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
1042         (machine->ram_size < machine->maxram_size)) {
1043         ram_addr_t device_mem_size;
1044         hwaddr device_mem_base;
1045 
1046         if (machine->ram_slots > ACPI_MAX_RAM_SLOTS) {
1047             error_report("unsupported amount of memory slots: %"PRIu64,
1048                          machine->ram_slots);
1049             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1050         }
1051 
1052         if (QEMU_ALIGN_UP(machine->maxram_size,
1053                           TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) != machine->maxram_size) {
1054             error_report("maximum memory size must by aligned to multiple of "
1055                          "%d bytes", TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
1056             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1057         }
1058 
1059         pc_get_device_memory_range(pcms, &device_mem_base, &device_mem_size);
1060 
1061         if (device_mem_base + device_mem_size < device_mem_size) {
1062             error_report("unsupported amount of maximum memory: " RAM_ADDR_FMT,
1063                          machine->maxram_size);
1064             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1065         }
1066         machine_memory_devices_init(machine, device_mem_base, device_mem_size);
1067     }
1068 
1069     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
1070         MemoryRegion *mr = &pcms->cxl_devices_state.host_mr;
1071         hwaddr cxl_size = MiB;
1072 
1073         cxl_base = pc_get_cxl_range_start(pcms);
1074         memory_region_init(mr, OBJECT(machine), "cxl_host_reg", cxl_size);
1075         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, cxl_base, mr);
1076         cxl_resv_end = cxl_base + cxl_size;
1077         if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows) {
1078             hwaddr cxl_fmw_base;
1079             GList *it;
1080 
1081             cxl_fmw_base = ROUND_UP(cxl_base + cxl_size, 256 * MiB);
1082             for (it = pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows; it; it = it->next) {
1083                 CXLFixedWindow *fw = it->data;
1084 
1085                 fw->base = cxl_fmw_base;
1086                 memory_region_init_io(&fw->mr, OBJECT(machine), &cfmws_ops, fw,
1087                                       "cxl-fixed-memory-region", fw->size);
1088                 memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, fw->base, &fw->mr);
1089                 cxl_fmw_base += fw->size;
1090                 cxl_resv_end = cxl_fmw_base;
1091             }
1092         }
1093     }
1094 
1095     /* Initialize PC system firmware */
1096     pc_system_firmware_init(pcms, rom_memory);
1097 
1098     option_rom_mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*option_rom_mr));
1099     memory_region_init_ram(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE,
1100                            &error_fatal);
1101     if (pcmc->pci_enabled) {
1102         memory_region_set_readonly(option_rom_mr, true);
1103     }
1104     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
1105                                         PC_ROM_MIN_VGA,
1106                                         option_rom_mr,
1107                                         1);
1108 
1109     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_arch_create(machine,
1110                                 x86ms->boot_cpus, x86ms->apic_id_limit);
1111 
1112     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
1113 
1114     if (machine->device_memory) {
1115         uint64_t *val = g_malloc(sizeof(*val));
1116         PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1117         uint64_t res_mem_end = machine->device_memory->base;
1118 
1119         if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
1120             res_mem_end += memory_region_size(&machine->device_memory->mr);
1121         }
1122 
1123         if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
1124             res_mem_end = cxl_resv_end;
1125         }
1126         *val = cpu_to_le64(ROUND_UP(res_mem_end, 1 * GiB));
1127         fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, "etc/reserved-memory-end", val, sizeof(*val));
1128     }
1129 
1130     if (linux_boot) {
1131         x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
1132                        pcmc->pvh_enabled);
1133     }
1134 
1135     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
1136         rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
1137     }
1138     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
1139 
1140     /* Init default IOAPIC address space */
1141     x86ms->ioapic_as = &address_space_memory;
1142 
1143     /* Init ACPI memory hotplug IO base address */
1144     pcms->memhp_io_base = ACPI_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_BASE;
1145 }
1146 
1147 /*
1148  * The 64bit pci hole starts after "above 4G RAM" and
1149  * potentially the space reserved for memory hotplug.
1150  */
1151 uint64_t pc_pci_hole64_start(void)
1152 {
1153     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
1154     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1155     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(pcms);
1156     uint64_t hole64_start = 0;
1157     ram_addr_t size = 0;
1158 
1159     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
1160         hole64_start = pc_get_cxl_range_end(pcms);
1161     } else if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory && (ms->ram_size < ms->maxram_size)) {
1162         pc_get_device_memory_range(pcms, &hole64_start, &size);
1163         if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
1164             hole64_start += size;
1165         }
1166     } else {
1167         hole64_start = pc_above_4g_end(pcms);
1168     }
1169 
1170     return ROUND_UP(hole64_start, 1 * GiB);
1171 }
1172 
1173 DeviceState *pc_vga_init(ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
1174 {
1175     DeviceState *dev = NULL;
1176 
1177     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_VGA);
1178     if (pci_bus) {
1179         PCIDevice *pcidev = pci_vga_init(pci_bus);
1180         dev = pcidev ? &pcidev->qdev : NULL;
1181     } else if (isa_bus) {
1182         ISADevice *isadev = isa_vga_init(isa_bus);
1183         dev = isadev ? DEVICE(isadev) : NULL;
1184     }
1185     rom_reset_order_override();
1186     return dev;
1187 }
1188 
1189 static const MemoryRegionOps ioport80_io_ops = {
1190     .write = ioport80_write,
1191     .read = ioport80_read,
1192     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1193     .impl = {
1194         .min_access_size = 1,
1195         .max_access_size = 1,
1196     },
1197 };
1198 
1199 static const MemoryRegionOps ioportF0_io_ops = {
1200     .write = ioportF0_write,
1201     .read = ioportF0_read,
1202     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1203     .impl = {
1204         .min_access_size = 1,
1205         .max_access_size = 1,
1206     },
1207 };
1208 
1209 static void pc_superio_init(ISABus *isa_bus, bool create_fdctrl,
1210                             bool create_i8042, bool no_vmport)
1211 {
1212     int i;
1213     DriveInfo *fd[MAX_FD];
1214     qemu_irq *a20_line;
1215     ISADevice *fdc, *i8042, *port92, *vmmouse;
1216 
1217     serial_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, 0, MAX_ISA_SERIAL_PORTS);
1218     parallel_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS);
1219 
1220     for (i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++) {
1221         fd[i] = drive_get(IF_FLOPPY, 0, i);
1222         create_fdctrl |= !!fd[i];
1223     }
1224     if (create_fdctrl) {
1225         fdc = isa_new(TYPE_ISA_FDC);
1226         if (fdc) {
1227             isa_realize_and_unref(fdc, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1228             isa_fdc_init_drives(fdc, fd);
1229         }
1230     }
1231 
1232     if (!create_i8042) {
1233         return;
1234     }
1235 
1236     i8042 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_I8042);
1237     if (!no_vmport) {
1238         isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_VMPORT);
1239         vmmouse = isa_try_new("vmmouse");
1240     } else {
1241         vmmouse = NULL;
1242     }
1243     if (vmmouse) {
1244         object_property_set_link(OBJECT(vmmouse), TYPE_I8042, OBJECT(i8042),
1245                                  &error_abort);
1246         isa_realize_and_unref(vmmouse, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1247     }
1248     port92 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_PORT92);
1249 
1250     a20_line = qemu_allocate_irqs(handle_a20_line_change, first_cpu, 2);
1251     i8042_setup_a20_line(i8042, a20_line[0]);
1252     qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(DEVICE(port92),
1253                                 PORT92_A20_LINE, 0, a20_line[1]);
1254     g_free(a20_line);
1255 }
1256 
1257 void pc_basic_device_init(struct PCMachineState *pcms,
1258                           ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *gsi,
1259                           ISADevice *rtc_state,
1260                           bool create_fdctrl,
1261                           uint32_t hpet_irqs)
1262 {
1263     int i;
1264     DeviceState *hpet = NULL;
1265     int pit_isa_irq = 0;
1266     qemu_irq pit_alt_irq = NULL;
1267     qemu_irq rtc_irq = NULL;
1268     ISADevice *pit = NULL;
1269     MemoryRegion *ioport80_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1270     MemoryRegion *ioportF0_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1271     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
1272 
1273     memory_region_init_io(ioport80_io, NULL, &ioport80_io_ops, NULL, "ioport80", 1);
1274     memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0x80, ioport80_io);
1275 
1276     memory_region_init_io(ioportF0_io, NULL, &ioportF0_io_ops, NULL, "ioportF0", 1);
1277     memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0xf0, ioportF0_io);
1278 
1279     /*
1280      * Check if an HPET shall be created.
1281      *
1282      * Without KVM_CAP_PIT_STATE2, we cannot switch off the in-kernel PIT
1283      * when the HPET wants to take over. Thus we have to disable the latter.
1284      */
1285     if (pcms->hpet_enabled && (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel() ||
1286                                kvm_has_pit_state2())) {
1287         hpet = qdev_try_new(TYPE_HPET);
1288         if (!hpet) {
1289             error_report("couldn't create HPET device");
1290             exit(1);
1291         }
1292         /*
1293          * For pc-piix-*, hpet's intcap is always IRQ2. For pc-q35-1.7 and
1294          * earlier, use IRQ2 for compat. Otherwise, use IRQ16~23, IRQ8 and
1295          * IRQ2.
1296          */
1297         uint8_t compat = object_property_get_uint(OBJECT(hpet),
1298                 HPET_INTCAP, NULL);
1299         if (!compat) {
1300             qdev_prop_set_uint32(hpet, HPET_INTCAP, hpet_irqs);
1301         }
1302         sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), &error_fatal);
1303         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), 0, HPET_BASE);
1304 
1305         for (i = 0; i < IOAPIC_NUM_PINS; i++) {
1306             sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), i, gsi[i]);
1307         }
1308         pit_isa_irq = -1;
1309         pit_alt_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_PIT_INT);
1310         rtc_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_RTC_INT);
1311     }
1312 
1313     if (rtc_irq) {
1314         qdev_connect_gpio_out(DEVICE(rtc_state), 0, rtc_irq);
1315     } else {
1316         uint32_t irq = object_property_get_uint(OBJECT(rtc_state),
1317                                                 "irq",
1318                                                 &error_fatal);
1319         isa_connect_gpio_out(rtc_state, 0, irq);
1320     }
1321     object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc-time", OBJECT(rtc_state),
1322                               "date");
1323 
1324 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_EMU
1325     if (xen_mode == XEN_EMULATE) {
1326         xen_overlay_create();
1327         xen_evtchn_create(IOAPIC_NUM_PINS, gsi);
1328         xen_gnttab_create();
1329         xen_xenstore_create();
1330         if (pcms->bus) {
1331             pci_create_simple(pcms->bus, -1, "xen-platform");
1332         }
1333         xen_bus_init();
1334         xen_be_init();
1335     }
1336 #endif
1337 
1338     qemu_register_boot_set(pc_boot_set, rtc_state);
1339 
1340     if (!xen_enabled() &&
1341         (x86ms->pit == ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO || x86ms->pit == ON_OFF_AUTO_ON)) {
1342         if (kvm_pit_in_kernel()) {
1343             pit = kvm_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40);
1344         } else {
1345             pit = i8254_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40, pit_isa_irq, pit_alt_irq);
1346         }
1347         if (hpet) {
1348             /* connect PIT to output control line of the HPET */
1349             qdev_connect_gpio_out(hpet, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(pit), 0));
1350         }
1351         pcspk_init(pcms->pcspk, isa_bus, pit);
1352     }
1353 
1354     /* Super I/O */
1355     pc_superio_init(isa_bus, create_fdctrl, pcms->i8042_enabled,
1356                     pcms->vmport != ON_OFF_AUTO_ON);
1357 }
1358 
1359 void pc_nic_init(PCMachineClass *pcmc, ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
1360 {
1361     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(pcmc);
1362     int i;
1363 
1364     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_NIC);
1365     for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
1366         NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
1367         const char *model = nd->model ? nd->model : mc->default_nic;
1368 
1369         if (g_str_equal(model, "ne2k_isa")) {
1370             pc_init_ne2k_isa(isa_bus, nd);
1371         } else {
1372             pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, model, NULL);
1373         }
1374     }
1375     rom_reset_order_override();
1376 }
1377 
1378 void pc_i8259_create(ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *i8259_irqs)
1379 {
1380     qemu_irq *i8259;
1381 
1382     if (kvm_pic_in_kernel()) {
1383         i8259 = kvm_i8259_init(isa_bus);
1384     } else if (xen_enabled()) {
1385         i8259 = xen_interrupt_controller_init();
1386     } else {
1387         i8259 = i8259_init(isa_bus, x86_allocate_cpu_irq());
1388     }
1389 
1390     for (size_t i = 0; i < ISA_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
1391         i8259_irqs[i] = i8259[i];
1392     }
1393 
1394     g_free(i8259);
1395 }
1396 
1397 static void pc_memory_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev, DeviceState *dev,
1398                                Error **errp)
1399 {
1400     const PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1401     const X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1402     const PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1403     const MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1404     const bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1405     const uint64_t legacy_align = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
1406     Error *local_err = NULL;
1407 
1408     /*
1409      * When -no-acpi is used with Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1410      * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1411      * addition to cover this case.
1412      */
1413     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1414         error_setg(errp,
1415                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1416         return;
1417     }
1418 
1419     if (is_nvdimm && !ms->nvdimms_state->is_enabled) {
1420         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm is not enabled: missing 'nvdimm' in '-M'");
1421         return;
1422     }
1423 
1424     hotplug_handler_pre_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1425     if (local_err) {
1426         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1427         return;
1428     }
1429 
1430     pc_dimm_pre_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev),
1431                      pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm ? NULL : &legacy_align, errp);
1432 }
1433 
1434 static void pc_memory_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1435                            DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1436 {
1437     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1438     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1439     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1440     bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1441 
1442     pc_dimm_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1443 
1444     if (is_nvdimm) {
1445         nvdimm_plug(ms->nvdimms_state);
1446     }
1447 
1448     hotplug_handler_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &error_abort);
1449 }
1450 
1451 static void pc_memory_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1452                                      DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1453 {
1454     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1455 
1456     /*
1457      * When -no-acpi is used with Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1458      * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1459      * addition to cover this case.
1460      */
1461     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1462         error_setg(errp,
1463                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1464         return;
1465     }
1466 
1467     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM)) {
1468         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm device hot unplug is not supported yet.");
1469         return;
1470     }
1471 
1472     hotplug_handler_unplug_request(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev,
1473                                    errp);
1474 }
1475 
1476 static void pc_memory_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1477                              DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1478 {
1479     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1480     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1481     Error *local_err = NULL;
1482 
1483     hotplug_handler_unplug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1484     if (local_err) {
1485         goto out;
1486     }
1487 
1488     pc_dimm_unplug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1489     qdev_unrealize(dev);
1490  out:
1491     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1492 }
1493 
1494 static void pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1495                                           DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1496 {
1497     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1498         pc_memory_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1499     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1500         x86_cpu_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1501     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MD_PCI)) {
1502         virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(VIRTIO_MD_PCI(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), errp);
1503     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
1504         /* Declare the APIC range as the reserved MSI region */
1505         char *resv_prop_str = g_strdup_printf("0xfee00000:0xfeefffff:%d",
1506                                               VIRTIO_IOMMU_RESV_MEM_T_MSI);
1507 
1508         object_property_set_uint(OBJECT(dev), "len-reserved-regions", 1, errp);
1509         object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev), "reserved-regions[0]",
1510                                 resv_prop_str, errp);
1511         g_free(resv_prop_str);
1512     }
1513 
1514     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_X86_IOMMU_DEVICE) ||
1515         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
1516         PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1517 
1518         if (pcms->iommu) {
1519             error_setg(errp, "QEMU does not support multiple vIOMMUs "
1520                        "for x86 yet.");
1521             return;
1522         }
1523         pcms->iommu = dev;
1524     }
1525 }
1526 
1527 static void pc_machine_device_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1528                                       DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1529 {
1530     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1531         pc_memory_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1532     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1533         x86_cpu_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1534     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MD_PCI)) {
1535         virtio_md_pci_plug(VIRTIO_MD_PCI(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), errp);
1536     }
1537 }
1538 
1539 static void pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1540                                                 DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1541 {
1542     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1543         pc_memory_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1544     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1545         x86_cpu_unplug_request_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1546     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MD_PCI)) {
1547         virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(VIRTIO_MD_PCI(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev),
1548                                      errp);
1549     } else {
1550         error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug request for not supported device"
1551                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1552     }
1553 }
1554 
1555 static void pc_machine_device_unplug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1556                                         DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1557 {
1558     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1559         pc_memory_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1560     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1561         x86_cpu_unplug_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1562     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MD_PCI)) {
1563         virtio_md_pci_unplug(VIRTIO_MD_PCI(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), errp);
1564     } else {
1565         error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug for not supported device"
1566                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1567     }
1568 }
1569 
1570 static HotplugHandler *pc_get_hotplug_handler(MachineState *machine,
1571                                              DeviceState *dev)
1572 {
1573     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM) ||
1574         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU) ||
1575         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MD_PCI) ||
1576         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI) ||
1577         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_X86_IOMMU_DEVICE)) {
1578         return HOTPLUG_HANDLER(machine);
1579     }
1580 
1581     return NULL;
1582 }
1583 
1584 static void pc_machine_get_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1585                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
1586 {
1587     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1588     OnOffAuto vmport = pcms->vmport;
1589 
1590     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &vmport, errp);
1591 }
1592 
1593 static void pc_machine_set_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1594                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
1595 {
1596     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1597 
1598     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &pcms->vmport, errp);
1599 }
1600 
1601 static bool pc_machine_get_smbus(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1602 {
1603     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1604 
1605     return pcms->smbus_enabled;
1606 }
1607 
1608 static void pc_machine_set_smbus(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1609 {
1610     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1611 
1612     pcms->smbus_enabled = value;
1613 }
1614 
1615 static bool pc_machine_get_sata(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1616 {
1617     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1618 
1619     return pcms->sata_enabled;
1620 }
1621 
1622 static void pc_machine_set_sata(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1623 {
1624     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1625 
1626     pcms->sata_enabled = value;
1627 }
1628 
1629 static bool pc_machine_get_hpet(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1630 {
1631     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1632 
1633     return pcms->hpet_enabled;
1634 }
1635 
1636 static void pc_machine_set_hpet(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1637 {
1638     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1639 
1640     pcms->hpet_enabled = value;
1641 }
1642 
1643 static bool pc_machine_get_i8042(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1644 {
1645     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1646 
1647     return pcms->i8042_enabled;
1648 }
1649 
1650 static void pc_machine_set_i8042(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1651 {
1652     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1653 
1654     pcms->i8042_enabled = value;
1655 }
1656 
1657 static bool pc_machine_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1658 {
1659     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1660 
1661     return pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu;
1662 }
1663 
1664 static void pc_machine_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, bool value,
1665                                                     Error **errp)
1666 {
1667     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1668 
1669     pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = value;
1670 }
1671 
1672 static void pc_machine_get_smbios_ep(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1673                                      void *opaque, Error **errp)
1674 {
1675     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1676     SmbiosEntryPointType smbios_entry_point_type = pcms->smbios_entry_point_type;
1677 
1678     visit_type_SmbiosEntryPointType(v, name, &smbios_entry_point_type, errp);
1679 }
1680 
1681 static void pc_machine_set_smbios_ep(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1682                                      void *opaque, Error **errp)
1683 {
1684     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1685 
1686     visit_type_SmbiosEntryPointType(v, name, &pcms->smbios_entry_point_type, errp);
1687 }
1688 
1689 static void pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1690                                             const char *name, void *opaque,
1691                                             Error **errp)
1692 {
1693     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1694     uint64_t value = pcms->max_ram_below_4g;
1695 
1696     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1697 }
1698 
1699 static void pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1700                                             const char *name, void *opaque,
1701                                             Error **errp)
1702 {
1703     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1704     uint64_t value;
1705 
1706     if (!visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp)) {
1707         return;
1708     }
1709     if (value > 4 * GiB) {
1710         error_setg(errp,
1711                    "Machine option 'max-ram-below-4g=%"PRIu64
1712                    "' expects size less than or equal to 4G", value);
1713         return;
1714     }
1715 
1716     if (value < 1 * MiB) {
1717         warn_report("Only %" PRIu64 " bytes of RAM below the 4GiB boundary,"
1718                     "BIOS may not work with less than 1MiB", value);
1719     }
1720 
1721     pcms->max_ram_below_4g = value;
1722 }
1723 
1724 static void pc_machine_get_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1725                                        const char *name, void *opaque,
1726                                        Error **errp)
1727 {
1728     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1729     uint64_t value = pcms->max_fw_size;
1730 
1731     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1732 }
1733 
1734 static void pc_machine_set_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1735                                        const char *name, void *opaque,
1736                                        Error **errp)
1737 {
1738     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1739     uint64_t value;
1740 
1741     if (!visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp)) {
1742         return;
1743     }
1744 
1745     /*
1746     * We don't have a theoretically justifiable exact lower bound on the base
1747     * address of any flash mapping. In practice, the IO-APIC MMIO range is
1748     * [0xFEE00000..0xFEE01000] -- see IO_APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS --, leaving free
1749     * only 18MB-4KB below 4G. For now, restrict the cumulative mapping to 8MB in
1750     * size.
1751     */
1752     if (value > 16 * MiB) {
1753         error_setg(errp,
1754                    "User specified max allowed firmware size %" PRIu64 " is "
1755                    "greater than 16MiB. If combined firwmare size exceeds "
1756                    "16MiB the system may not boot, or experience intermittent"
1757                    "stability issues.",
1758                    value);
1759         return;
1760     }
1761 
1762     pcms->max_fw_size = value;
1763 }
1764 
1765 
1766 static void pc_machine_initfn(Object *obj)
1767 {
1768     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1769     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1770 
1771 #ifdef CONFIG_VMPORT
1772     pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
1773 #else
1774     pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF;
1775 #endif /* CONFIG_VMPORT */
1776     pcms->max_ram_below_4g = 0; /* use default */
1777     pcms->smbios_entry_point_type = pcmc->default_smbios_ep_type;
1778 
1779     /* acpi build is enabled by default if machine supports it */
1780     pcms->acpi_build_enabled = pcmc->has_acpi_build;
1781     pcms->smbus_enabled = true;
1782     pcms->sata_enabled = true;
1783     pcms->i8042_enabled = true;
1784     pcms->max_fw_size = 8 * MiB;
1785 #ifdef CONFIG_HPET
1786     pcms->hpet_enabled = true;
1787 #endif
1788     pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = false;
1789 
1790     pc_system_flash_create(pcms);
1791     pcms->pcspk = isa_new(TYPE_PC_SPEAKER);
1792     object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(pcms), "pcspk-audiodev",
1793                               OBJECT(pcms->pcspk), "audiodev");
1794     cxl_machine_init(obj, &pcms->cxl_devices_state);
1795 }
1796 
1797 int pc_machine_kvm_type(MachineState *machine, const char *kvm_type)
1798 {
1799     return 0;
1800 }
1801 
1802 static void pc_machine_reset(MachineState *machine, ShutdownCause reason)
1803 {
1804     CPUState *cs;
1805     X86CPU *cpu;
1806 
1807     qemu_devices_reset(reason);
1808 
1809     /* Reset APIC after devices have been reset to cancel
1810      * any changes that qemu_devices_reset() might have done.
1811      */
1812     CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
1813         cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
1814 
1815         x86_cpu_after_reset(cpu);
1816     }
1817 }
1818 
1819 static void pc_machine_wakeup(MachineState *machine)
1820 {
1821     cpu_synchronize_all_states();
1822     pc_machine_reset(machine, SHUTDOWN_CAUSE_NONE);
1823     cpu_synchronize_all_post_reset();
1824 }
1825 
1826 static bool pc_hotplug_allowed(MachineState *ms, DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1827 {
1828     X86IOMMUState *iommu = x86_iommu_get_default();
1829     IntelIOMMUState *intel_iommu;
1830 
1831     if (iommu &&
1832         object_dynamic_cast((Object *)iommu, TYPE_INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE) &&
1833         object_dynamic_cast((Object *)dev, "vfio-pci")) {
1834         intel_iommu = INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE(iommu);
1835         if (!intel_iommu->caching_mode) {
1836             error_setg(errp, "Device assignment is not allowed without "
1837                        "enabling caching-mode=on for Intel IOMMU.");
1838             return false;
1839         }
1840     }
1841 
1842     return true;
1843 }
1844 
1845 static void pc_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
1846 {
1847     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1848     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1849     HotplugHandlerClass *hc = HOTPLUG_HANDLER_CLASS(oc);
1850 
1851     pcmc->pci_enabled = true;
1852     pcmc->has_acpi_build = true;
1853     pcmc->rsdp_in_ram = true;
1854     pcmc->smbios_defaults = true;
1855     pcmc->smbios_uuid_encoded = true;
1856     pcmc->gigabyte_align = true;
1857     pcmc->has_reserved_memory = true;
1858     pcmc->kvmclock_enabled = true;
1859     pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm = true;
1860     pcmc->enforce_amd_1tb_hole = true;
1861     /* BIOS ACPI tables: 128K. Other BIOS datastructures: less than 4K reported
1862      * to be used at the moment, 32K should be enough for a while.  */
1863     pcmc->acpi_data_size = 0x20000 + 0x8000;
1864     pcmc->pvh_enabled = true;
1865     pcmc->kvmclock_create_always = true;
1866     pcmc->resizable_acpi_blob = true;
1867     assert(!mc->get_hotplug_handler);
1868     mc->get_hotplug_handler = pc_get_hotplug_handler;
1869     mc->hotplug_allowed = pc_hotplug_allowed;
1870     mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = x86_cpu_index_to_props;
1871     mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = x86_get_default_cpu_node_id;
1872     mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = x86_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
1873     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memhp = true;
1874     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memdev = true;
1875     mc->has_hotpluggable_cpus = true;
1876     mc->default_boot_order = "cad";
1877     mc->block_default_type = IF_IDE;
1878     mc->max_cpus = 255;
1879     mc->reset = pc_machine_reset;
1880     mc->wakeup = pc_machine_wakeup;
1881     hc->pre_plug = pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb;
1882     hc->plug = pc_machine_device_plug_cb;
1883     hc->unplug_request = pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb;
1884     hc->unplug = pc_machine_device_unplug_cb;
1885     mc->default_cpu_type = TARGET_DEFAULT_CPU_TYPE;
1886     mc->nvdimm_supported = true;
1887     mc->smp_props.dies_supported = true;
1888     mc->default_ram_id = "pc.ram";
1889     pcmc->default_smbios_ep_type = SMBIOS_ENTRY_POINT_TYPE_64;
1890 
1891     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G, "size",
1892         pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g, pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g,
1893         NULL, NULL);
1894     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G,
1895         "Maximum ram below the 4G boundary (32bit boundary)");
1896 
1897     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT, "OnOffAuto",
1898         pc_machine_get_vmport, pc_machine_set_vmport,
1899         NULL, NULL);
1900     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT,
1901         "Enable vmport (pc & q35)");
1902 
1903     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBUS,
1904         pc_machine_get_smbus, pc_machine_set_smbus);
1905     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBUS,
1906         "Enable/disable system management bus");
1907 
1908     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SATA,
1909         pc_machine_get_sata, pc_machine_set_sata);
1910     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_SATA,
1911         "Enable/disable Serial ATA bus");
1912 
1913     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "hpet",
1914         pc_machine_get_hpet, pc_machine_set_hpet);
1915     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "hpet",
1916         "Enable/disable high precision event timer emulation");
1917 
1918     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_I8042,
1919         pc_machine_get_i8042, pc_machine_set_i8042);
1920 
1921     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "default-bus-bypass-iommu",
1922         pc_machine_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu,
1923         pc_machine_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu);
1924 
1925     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE, "size",
1926         pc_machine_get_max_fw_size, pc_machine_set_max_fw_size,
1927         NULL, NULL);
1928     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE,
1929         "Maximum combined firmware size");
1930 
1931     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBIOS_EP, "str",
1932         pc_machine_get_smbios_ep, pc_machine_set_smbios_ep,
1933         NULL, NULL);
1934     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBIOS_EP,
1935         "SMBIOS Entry Point type [32, 64]");
1936 }
1937 
1938 static const TypeInfo pc_machine_info = {
1939     .name = TYPE_PC_MACHINE,
1940     .parent = TYPE_X86_MACHINE,
1941     .abstract = true,
1942     .instance_size = sizeof(PCMachineState),
1943     .instance_init = pc_machine_initfn,
1944     .class_size = sizeof(PCMachineClass),
1945     .class_init = pc_machine_class_init,
1946     .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
1947          { TYPE_HOTPLUG_HANDLER },
1948          { }
1949     },
1950 };
1951 
1952 static void pc_machine_register_types(void)
1953 {
1954     type_register_static(&pc_machine_info);
1955 }
1956 
1957 type_init(pc_machine_register_types)
1958