xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/i386/pc.c (revision 197a1372)
1 /*
2  * QEMU PC System Emulator
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qemu/units.h"
27 #include "hw/i386/x86.h"
28 #include "hw/i386/pc.h"
29 #include "hw/char/serial.h"
30 #include "hw/char/parallel.h"
31 #include "hw/i386/topology.h"
32 #include "hw/i386/fw_cfg.h"
33 #include "hw/i386/vmport.h"
34 #include "sysemu/cpus.h"
35 #include "hw/block/fdc.h"
36 #include "hw/ide/internal.h"
37 #include "hw/ide/isa.h"
38 #include "hw/pci/pci.h"
39 #include "hw/pci/pci_bus.h"
40 #include "hw/pci-bridge/pci_expander_bridge.h"
41 #include "hw/nvram/fw_cfg.h"
42 #include "hw/timer/hpet.h"
43 #include "hw/firmware/smbios.h"
44 #include "hw/loader.h"
45 #include "elf.h"
46 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
47 #include "multiboot.h"
48 #include "hw/rtc/mc146818rtc.h"
49 #include "hw/intc/i8259.h"
50 #include "hw/intc/ioapic.h"
51 #include "hw/timer/i8254.h"
52 #include "hw/input/i8042.h"
53 #include "hw/irq.h"
54 #include "hw/audio/pcspk.h"
55 #include "hw/pci/msi.h"
56 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
57 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
58 #include "sysemu/tcg.h"
59 #include "sysemu/numa.h"
60 #include "sysemu/kvm.h"
61 #include "sysemu/xen.h"
62 #include "sysemu/reset.h"
63 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
64 #include "kvm/kvm_i386.h"
65 #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
66 #include "hw/xen/start_info.h"
67 #include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
68 #include "exec/memory.h"
69 #include "qemu/bitmap.h"
70 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
71 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
72 #include "qemu/option.h"
73 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
74 #include "hw/acpi/acpi.h"
75 #include "hw/acpi/cpu_hotplug.h"
76 #include "acpi-build.h"
77 #include "hw/mem/pc-dimm.h"
78 #include "hw/mem/nvdimm.h"
79 #include "hw/cxl/cxl.h"
80 #include "hw/cxl/cxl_host.h"
81 #include "qapi/error.h"
82 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-common.h"
83 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-machine.h"
84 #include "qapi/visitor.h"
85 #include "hw/core/cpu.h"
86 #include "hw/usb.h"
87 #include "hw/i386/intel_iommu.h"
88 #include "hw/net/ne2000-isa.h"
89 #include "standard-headers/asm-x86/bootparam.h"
90 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-iommu.h"
91 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-pmem-pci.h"
92 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-mem-pci.h"
93 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_overlay.h"
94 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_evtchn.h"
95 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_gnttab.h"
96 #include "hw/i386/kvm/xen_xenstore.h"
97 #include "hw/mem/memory-device.h"
98 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
99 #include "target/i386/cpu.h"
100 #include "e820_memory_layout.h"
101 #include "fw_cfg.h"
102 #include "trace.h"
103 #include CONFIG_DEVICES
104 
105 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_EMU
106 #include "hw/xen/xen-legacy-backend.h"
107 #include "hw/xen/xen-bus.h"
108 #endif
109 
110 /*
111  * Helper for setting model-id for CPU models that changed model-id
112  * depending on QEMU versions up to QEMU 2.4.
113  */
114 #define PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS(v) \
115     { "qemu32-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model-id", "QEMU Virtual CPU version " v, },\
116     { "qemu64-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model-id", "QEMU Virtual CPU version " v, },\
117     { "athlon-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model-id", "QEMU Virtual CPU version " v, },
118 
119 GlobalProperty pc_compat_7_2[] = {
120     { "ICH9-LPC", "noreboot", "true" },
121 };
122 const size_t pc_compat_7_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_7_2);
123 
124 GlobalProperty pc_compat_7_1[] = {};
125 const size_t pc_compat_7_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_7_1);
126 
127 GlobalProperty pc_compat_7_0[] = {};
128 const size_t pc_compat_7_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_7_0);
129 
130 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_2[] = {
131     { "virtio-mem", "unplugged-inaccessible", "off" },
132 };
133 const size_t pc_compat_6_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_2);
134 
135 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_1[] = {
136     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-build", "0x1bbc" },
137     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-major", "0x0006" },
138     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "hv-version-id-minor", "0x0001" },
139     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-keep-pci-slot-hpc", "false" },
140 };
141 const size_t pc_compat_6_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_1);
142 
143 GlobalProperty pc_compat_6_0[] = {
144     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "6" },
145     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
146     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "3" },
147     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-vendor-cpuid-only", "off" },
148     { "ICH9-LPC", ACPI_PM_PROP_ACPI_PCIHP_BRIDGE, "off" },
149     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-keep-pci-slot-hpc", "true" },
150 };
151 const size_t pc_compat_6_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_6_0);
152 
153 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_2[] = {
154     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotunplug", "off" },
155 };
156 const size_t pc_compat_5_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_2);
157 
158 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_1[] = {
159     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-cpu-hotplug", "off" },
160     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-msi-ext-dest-id", "off" },
161 };
162 const size_t pc_compat_5_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_1);
163 
164 GlobalProperty pc_compat_5_0[] = {
165 };
166 const size_t pc_compat_5_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_5_0);
167 
168 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_2[] = {
169     { "mch", "smbase-smram", "off" },
170 };
171 const size_t pc_compat_4_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_2);
172 
173 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_1[] = {};
174 const size_t pc_compat_4_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_1);
175 
176 GlobalProperty pc_compat_4_0[] = {};
177 const size_t pc_compat_4_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_4_0);
178 
179 GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_1[] = {
180     { "intel-iommu", "dma-drain", "off" },
181     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
182     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
183     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
184     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
185     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "off" },
186     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
187     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
188     { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
189     { "EPYC" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
190     { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "npt", "off" },
191     { "EPYC-IBPB" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "nrip-save", "off" },
192     { "Skylake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
193     { "Skylake-Client-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
194     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
195     { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "mpx", "on" },
196     { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,  "mpx", "on" },
197     { "Icelake-Client" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
198     { "Icelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU,      "mpx", "on" },
199     { "Cascadelake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "5" },
200     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-intel-pt-auto-level", "off" },
201 };
202 const size_t pc_compat_3_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_1);
203 
204 GlobalProperty pc_compat_3_0[] = {
205     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-synic-kvm-only", "on" },
206     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
207     { "Skylake-Server-IBRS" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pku", "off" },
208 };
209 const size_t pc_compat_3_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_3_0);
210 
211 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_12[] = {
212     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "legacy-cache", "on" },
213     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "topoext", "off" },
214     { "EPYC-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
215     { "EPYC-IBPB-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
216 };
217 const size_t pc_compat_2_12_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_12);
218 
219 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_11[] = {
220     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-migrate-smi-count", "off" },
221     { "Skylake-Server" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "clflushopt", "off" },
222 };
223 const size_t pc_compat_2_11_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_11);
224 
225 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_10[] = {
226     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "x-hv-max-vps", "0x40" },
227     { "i440FX-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
228     { "q35-pcihost", "x-pci-hole64-fix", "off" },
229 };
230 const size_t pc_compat_2_10_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_10);
231 
232 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_9[] = {
233     { "mch", "extended-tseg-mbytes", "0" },
234 };
235 const size_t pc_compat_2_9_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_9);
236 
237 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_8[] = {
238     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "tcg-cpuid", "off" },
239     { "kvmclock", "x-mach-use-reliable-get-clock", "off" },
240     { "ICH9-LPC", "x-smi-broadcast", "off" },
241     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmware-cpuid-freq", "off" },
242     { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
243 };
244 const size_t pc_compat_2_8_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_8);
245 
246 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_7[] = {
247     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "l3-cache", "off" },
248     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "full-cpuid-auto-level", "off" },
249     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "family", "15" },
250     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "6" },
251     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "stepping", "1" },
252     { "isa-pcspk", "migrate", "off" },
253 };
254 const size_t pc_compat_2_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_7);
255 
256 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_6[] = {
257     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "cpuid-0xb", "off" },
258     { "vmxnet3", "romfile", "" },
259     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "fill-mtrr-mask", "off" },
260     { "apic-common", "legacy-instance-id", "on", }
261 };
262 const size_t pc_compat_2_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_6);
263 
264 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_5[] = {};
265 const size_t pc_compat_2_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_5);
266 
267 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_4[] = {
268     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.4.0")
269     { "Haswell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
270     { "Haswell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
271     { "Broadwell-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
272     { "Broadwell-noTSX-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "off" },
273     { "host" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "host-cache-info", "on" },
274     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "check", "off" },
275     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "sse4a", "on" },
276     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "abm", "on" },
277     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
278     { "qemu32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "popcnt", "on" },
279     { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
280     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
281     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on" },
282     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdtscp", "on", }
283 };
284 const size_t pc_compat_2_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_4);
285 
286 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_3[] = {
287     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.3.0")
288     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "arat", "off" },
289     { "qemu64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
290     { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
291     { "pentium3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
292     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "5" },
293     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
294     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
295     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "4" },
296     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
297     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
298     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
299     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
300     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
301     { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
302     { "IvyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
303     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
304     { "Haswell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
305     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
306     { "Broadwell-noTSX" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-xlevel", "0x8000000a" },
307     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "kvm-no-smi-migration", "on" },
308 };
309 const size_t pc_compat_2_3_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_3);
310 
311 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_2[] = {
312     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.2.0")
313     { "kvm64" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
314     { "kvm32" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
315     { "Conroe" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
316     { "Penryn" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
317     { "Nehalem" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
318     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
319     { "SandyBridge" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
320     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
321     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
322     { "Opteron_G1" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
323     { "Opteron_G2" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
324     { "Opteron_G3" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
325     { "Opteron_G4" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
326     { "Opteron_G5" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vme", "off" },
327     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
328     { "Haswell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
329     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "f16c", "off" },
330     { "Broadwell" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "rdrand", "off" },
331 };
332 const size_t pc_compat_2_2_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_2);
333 
334 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_1[] = {
335     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.1.0")
336     { "coreduo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
337     { "core2duo" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "vmx", "on" },
338 };
339 const size_t pc_compat_2_1_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_1);
340 
341 GlobalProperty pc_compat_2_0[] = {
342     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("2.0.0")
343     { "virtio-scsi-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
344     { "PIIX4_PM", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
345     { "apic", "version", "0x11" },
346     { "nec-usb-xhci", "superspeed-ports-first", "off" },
347     { "nec-usb-xhci", "force-pcie-endcap", "on" },
348     { "pci-serial", "prog_if", "0" },
349     { "pci-serial-2x", "prog_if", "0" },
350     { "pci-serial-4x", "prog_if", "0" },
351     { "virtio-net-pci", "guest_announce", "off" },
352     { "ICH9-LPC", "memory-hotplug-support", "off" },
353 };
354 const size_t pc_compat_2_0_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_2_0);
355 
356 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_7[] = {
357     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.7.0")
358     { TYPE_USB_DEVICE, "msos-desc", "no" },
359     { "PIIX4_PM", ACPI_PM_PROP_ACPI_PCIHP_BRIDGE, "off" },
360     { "hpet", HPET_INTCAP, "4" },
361 };
362 const size_t pc_compat_1_7_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_7);
363 
364 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_6[] = {
365     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.6.0")
366     { "e1000", "mitigation", "off" },
367     { "qemu64-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
368     { "qemu32-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "3" },
369     { "i440FX-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "1" },
370     { "q35-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "1" },
371 };
372 const size_t pc_compat_1_6_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_6);
373 
374 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_5[] = {
375     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.5.0")
376     { "Conroe-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
377     { "Conroe-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
378     { "Penryn-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
379     { "Penryn-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
380     { "Nehalem-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "2" },
381     { "Nehalem-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "min-level", "2" },
382     { "virtio-net-pci", "any_layout", "off" },
383     { TYPE_X86_CPU, "pmu", "on" },
384     { "i440FX-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "0" },
385     { "q35-pcihost", "short_root_bus", "0" },
386 };
387 const size_t pc_compat_1_5_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_5);
388 
389 GlobalProperty pc_compat_1_4[] = {
390     PC_CPU_MODEL_IDS("1.4.0")
391     { "scsi-hd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
392     { "scsi-cd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
393     { "ide-hd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
394     { "ide-cd", "discard_granularity", "0" },
395     { "virtio-blk-pci", "discard_granularity", "0" },
396     /* DEV_NVECTORS_UNSPECIFIED as a uint32_t string: */
397     { "virtio-serial-pci", "vectors", "0xFFFFFFFF" },
398     { "virtio-net-pci", "ctrl_guest_offloads", "off" },
399     { "e1000", "romfile", "pxe-e1000.rom" },
400     { "ne2k_pci", "romfile", "pxe-ne2k_pci.rom" },
401     { "pcnet", "romfile", "pxe-pcnet.rom" },
402     { "rtl8139", "romfile", "pxe-rtl8139.rom" },
403     { "virtio-net-pci", "romfile", "pxe-virtio.rom" },
404     { "486-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "model", "0" },
405     { "n270" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "movbe", "off" },
406     { "Westmere" "-" TYPE_X86_CPU, "pclmulqdq", "off" },
407 };
408 const size_t pc_compat_1_4_len = G_N_ELEMENTS(pc_compat_1_4);
409 
410 GSIState *pc_gsi_create(qemu_irq **irqs, bool pci_enabled)
411 {
412     GSIState *s;
413 
414     s = g_new0(GSIState, 1);
415     if (kvm_ioapic_in_kernel()) {
416         kvm_pc_setup_irq_routing(pci_enabled);
417     }
418     *irqs = qemu_allocate_irqs(gsi_handler, s, IOAPIC_NUM_PINS);
419 
420     return s;
421 }
422 
423 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
424                            unsigned size)
425 {
426 }
427 
428 static uint64_t ioport80_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
429 {
430     return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
431 }
432 
433 /* MSDOS compatibility mode FPU exception support */
434 static void ioportF0_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
435                            unsigned size)
436 {
437     if (tcg_enabled()) {
438         cpu_set_ignne();
439     }
440 }
441 
442 static uint64_t ioportF0_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
443 {
444     return 0xffffffffffffffffULL;
445 }
446 
447 /* PC cmos mappings */
448 
449 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE          0x14
450 
451 static void cmos_init_hd(MC146818RtcState *s, int type_ofs, int info_ofs,
452                          int16_t cylinders, int8_t heads, int8_t sectors)
453 {
454     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, type_ofs, 47);
455     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs, cylinders);
456     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 1, cylinders >> 8);
457     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 2, heads);
458     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 3, 0xff);
459     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 4, 0xff);
460     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 5, 0xc0 | ((heads > 8) << 3));
461     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 6, cylinders);
462     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 7, cylinders >> 8);
463     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, info_ofs + 8, sectors);
464 }
465 
466 /* convert boot_device letter to something recognizable by the bios */
467 static int boot_device2nibble(char boot_device)
468 {
469     switch(boot_device) {
470     case 'a':
471     case 'b':
472         return 0x01; /* floppy boot */
473     case 'c':
474         return 0x02; /* hard drive boot */
475     case 'd':
476         return 0x03; /* CD-ROM boot */
477     case 'n':
478         return 0x04; /* Network boot */
479     }
480     return 0;
481 }
482 
483 static void set_boot_dev(MC146818RtcState *s, const char *boot_device,
484                          Error **errp)
485 {
486 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
487     int nbds, bds[3] = { 0, };
488     int i;
489 
490     nbds = strlen(boot_device);
491     if (nbds > PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES) {
492         error_setg(errp, "Too many boot devices for PC");
493         return;
494     }
495     for (i = 0; i < nbds; i++) {
496         bds[i] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device[i]);
497         if (bds[i] == 0) {
498             error_setg(errp, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'",
499                        boot_device[i]);
500             return;
501         }
502     }
503     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x3d, (bds[1] << 4) | bds[0]);
504     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x38, (bds[2] << 4) | (fd_bootchk ? 0x0 : 0x1));
505 }
506 
507 static void pc_boot_set(void *opaque, const char *boot_device, Error **errp)
508 {
509     set_boot_dev(opaque, boot_device, errp);
510 }
511 
512 static void pc_cmos_init_floppy(MC146818RtcState *rtc_state, ISADevice *floppy)
513 {
514     int val, nb, i;
515     FloppyDriveType fd_type[2] = { FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE,
516                                    FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE };
517 
518     /* floppy type */
519     if (floppy) {
520         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
521             fd_type[i] = isa_fdc_get_drive_type(floppy, i);
522         }
523     }
524     val = (cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[0]) << 4) |
525         cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd_type[1]);
526     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(rtc_state, 0x10, val);
527 
528     val = mc146818rtc_get_cmos_data(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE);
529     nb = 0;
530     if (fd_type[0] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
531         nb++;
532     }
533     if (fd_type[1] != FLOPPY_DRIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
534         nb++;
535     }
536     switch (nb) {
537     case 0:
538         break;
539     case 1:
540         val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
541         break;
542     case 2:
543         val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
544         break;
545     }
546     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(rtc_state, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
547 }
548 
549 typedef struct pc_cmos_init_late_arg {
550     MC146818RtcState *rtc_state;
551     BusState *idebus[2];
552 } pc_cmos_init_late_arg;
553 
554 typedef struct check_fdc_state {
555     ISADevice *floppy;
556     bool multiple;
557 } CheckFdcState;
558 
559 static int check_fdc(Object *obj, void *opaque)
560 {
561     CheckFdcState *state = opaque;
562     Object *fdc;
563     uint32_t iobase;
564     Error *local_err = NULL;
565 
566     fdc = object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_ISA_FDC);
567     if (!fdc) {
568         return 0;
569     }
570 
571     iobase = object_property_get_uint(obj, "iobase", &local_err);
572     if (local_err || iobase != 0x3f0) {
573         error_free(local_err);
574         return 0;
575     }
576 
577     if (state->floppy) {
578         state->multiple = true;
579     } else {
580         state->floppy = ISA_DEVICE(obj);
581     }
582     return 0;
583 }
584 
585 static const char * const fdc_container_path[] = {
586     "/unattached", "/peripheral", "/peripheral-anon"
587 };
588 
589 /*
590  * Locate the FDC at IO address 0x3f0, in order to configure the CMOS registers
591  * and ACPI objects.
592  */
593 static ISADevice *pc_find_fdc0(void)
594 {
595     int i;
596     Object *container;
597     CheckFdcState state = { 0 };
598 
599     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(fdc_container_path); i++) {
600         container = container_get(qdev_get_machine(), fdc_container_path[i]);
601         object_child_foreach(container, check_fdc, &state);
602     }
603 
604     if (state.multiple) {
605         warn_report("multiple floppy disk controllers with "
606                     "iobase=0x3f0 have been found");
607         error_printf("the one being picked for CMOS setup might not reflect "
608                      "your intent");
609     }
610 
611     return state.floppy;
612 }
613 
614 static void pc_cmos_init_late(void *opaque)
615 {
616     pc_cmos_init_late_arg *arg = opaque;
617     MC146818RtcState *s = arg->rtc_state;
618     int16_t cylinders;
619     int8_t heads, sectors;
620     int val;
621     int i, trans;
622 
623     val = 0;
624     if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 0,
625                                            &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
626         cmos_init_hd(s, 0x19, 0x1b, cylinders, heads, sectors);
627         val |= 0xf0;
628     }
629     if (arg->idebus[0] && ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[0], 1,
630                                            &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
631         cmos_init_hd(s, 0x1a, 0x24, cylinders, heads, sectors);
632         val |= 0x0f;
633     }
634     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x12, val);
635 
636     val = 0;
637     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
638         /* NOTE: ide_get_geometry() returns the physical
639            geometry.  It is always such that: 1 <= sects <= 63, 1
640            <= heads <= 16, 1 <= cylinders <= 16383. The BIOS
641            geometry can be different if a translation is done. */
642         if (arg->idebus[i / 2] &&
643             ide_get_geometry(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2,
644                              &cylinders, &heads, &sectors) >= 0) {
645             trans = ide_get_bios_chs_trans(arg->idebus[i / 2], i % 2) - 1;
646             assert((trans & ~3) == 0);
647             val |= trans << (i * 2);
648         }
649     }
650     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x39, val);
651 
652     pc_cmos_init_floppy(s, pc_find_fdc0());
653 
654     qemu_unregister_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, opaque);
655 }
656 
657 void pc_cmos_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
658                   BusState *idebus0, BusState *idebus1,
659                   ISADevice *rtc)
660 {
661     int val;
662     static pc_cmos_init_late_arg arg;
663     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
664     MC146818RtcState *s = MC146818_RTC(rtc);
665 
666     /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
667 
668     /* memory size */
669     /* base memory (first MiB) */
670     val = MIN(x86ms->below_4g_mem_size / KiB, 640);
671     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x15, val);
672     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
673     /* extended memory (next 64MiB) */
674     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 1 * MiB) {
675         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 1 * MiB) / KiB;
676     } else {
677         val = 0;
678     }
679     if (val > 65535)
680         val = 65535;
681     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x17, val);
682     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
683     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x30, val);
684     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
685     /* memory between 16MiB and 4GiB */
686     if (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size > 16 * MiB) {
687         val = (x86ms->below_4g_mem_size - 16 * MiB) / (64 * KiB);
688     } else {
689         val = 0;
690     }
691     if (val > 65535)
692         val = 65535;
693     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x34, val);
694     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
695     /* memory above 4GiB */
696     val = x86ms->above_4g_mem_size / 65536;
697     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x5b, val);
698     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x5c, val >> 8);
699     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, 0x5d, val >> 16);
700 
701     object_property_add_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state",
702                              TYPE_ISA_DEVICE,
703                              (Object **)&x86ms->rtc,
704                              object_property_allow_set_link,
705                              OBJ_PROP_LINK_STRONG);
706     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(pcms), "rtc_state", OBJECT(s),
707                              &error_abort);
708 
709     set_boot_dev(s, MACHINE(pcms)->boot_config.order, &error_fatal);
710 
711     val = 0;
712     val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
713     val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
714     mc146818rtc_set_cmos_data(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
715 
716     /* hard drives and FDC */
717     arg.rtc_state = s;
718     arg.idebus[0] = idebus0;
719     arg.idebus[1] = idebus1;
720     qemu_register_reset(pc_cmos_init_late, &arg);
721 }
722 
723 static void handle_a20_line_change(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
724 {
725     X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
726 
727     /* XXX: send to all CPUs ? */
728     /* XXX: add logic to handle multiple A20 line sources */
729     x86_cpu_set_a20(cpu, level);
730 }
731 
732 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
733 
734 static const int ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360,
735                                               0x280, 0x380 };
736 static const int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
737 
738 static void pc_init_ne2k_isa(ISABus *bus, NICInfo *nd)
739 {
740     static int nb_ne2k = 0;
741 
742     if (nb_ne2k == NE2000_NB_MAX)
743         return;
744     isa_ne2000_init(bus, ne2000_io[nb_ne2k],
745                     ne2000_irq[nb_ne2k], nd);
746     nb_ne2k++;
747 }
748 
749 void pc_acpi_smi_interrupt(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
750 {
751     X86CPU *cpu = opaque;
752 
753     if (level) {
754         cpu_interrupt(CPU(cpu), CPU_INTERRUPT_SMI);
755     }
756 }
757 
758 static
759 void pc_machine_done(Notifier *notifier, void *data)
760 {
761     PCMachineState *pcms = container_of(notifier,
762                                         PCMachineState, machine_done);
763     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
764 
765     cxl_hook_up_pxb_registers(pcms->bus, &pcms->cxl_devices_state,
766                               &error_fatal);
767 
768     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
769         cxl_fmws_link_targets(&pcms->cxl_devices_state, &error_fatal);
770     }
771 
772     /* set the number of CPUs */
773     x86_rtc_set_cpus_count(x86ms->rtc, x86ms->boot_cpus);
774 
775     fw_cfg_add_extra_pci_roots(pcms->bus, x86ms->fw_cfg);
776 
777     acpi_setup();
778     if (x86ms->fw_cfg) {
779         fw_cfg_build_smbios(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
780         fw_cfg_build_feature_control(MACHINE(pcms), x86ms->fw_cfg);
781         /* update FW_CFG_NB_CPUS to account for -device added CPUs */
782         fw_cfg_modify_i16(x86ms->fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
783     }
784 }
785 
786 void pc_guest_info_init(PCMachineState *pcms)
787 {
788     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
789 
790     x86ms->apic_xrupt_override = true;
791     pcms->machine_done.notify = pc_machine_done;
792     qemu_add_machine_init_done_notifier(&pcms->machine_done);
793 }
794 
795 /* setup pci memory address space mapping into system address space */
796 void pc_pci_as_mapping_init(MemoryRegion *system_memory,
797                             MemoryRegion *pci_address_space)
798 {
799     /* Set to lower priority than RAM */
800     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(system_memory, 0x0,
801                                         pci_address_space, -1);
802 }
803 
804 void xen_load_linux(PCMachineState *pcms)
805 {
806     int i;
807     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
808     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
809     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
810 
811     assert(MACHINE(pcms)->kernel_filename != NULL);
812 
813     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init_io(FW_CFG_IO_BASE);
814     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, x86ms->boot_cpus);
815     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
816 
817     x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
818                    pcmc->pvh_enabled);
819     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
820         assert(!strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot.bin") ||
821                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "linuxboot_dma.bin") ||
822                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "pvh.bin") ||
823                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "multiboot.bin") ||
824                !strcmp(option_rom[i].name, "multiboot_dma.bin"));
825         rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
826     }
827     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
828 }
829 
830 #define PC_ROM_MIN_VGA     0xc0000
831 #define PC_ROM_MIN_OPTION  0xc8000
832 #define PC_ROM_MAX         0xe0000
833 #define PC_ROM_ALIGN       0x800
834 #define PC_ROM_SIZE        (PC_ROM_MAX - PC_ROM_MIN_VGA)
835 
836 static hwaddr pc_above_4g_end(PCMachineState *pcms)
837 {
838     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
839 
840     if (pcms->sgx_epc.size != 0) {
841         return sgx_epc_above_4g_end(&pcms->sgx_epc);
842     }
843 
844     return x86ms->above_4g_mem_start + x86ms->above_4g_mem_size;
845 }
846 
847 static void pc_get_device_memory_range(PCMachineState *pcms,
848                                        hwaddr *base,
849                                        ram_addr_t *device_mem_size)
850 {
851     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
852     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(pcms);
853     ram_addr_t size;
854     hwaddr addr;
855 
856     size = machine->maxram_size - machine->ram_size;
857     addr = ROUND_UP(pc_above_4g_end(pcms), 1 * GiB);
858 
859     if (pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm) {
860         /* size device region assuming 1G page max alignment per slot */
861         size += (1 * GiB) * machine->ram_slots;
862     }
863 
864     *base = addr;
865     *device_mem_size = size;
866 }
867 
868 static uint64_t pc_get_cxl_range_start(PCMachineState *pcms)
869 {
870     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
871     hwaddr cxl_base;
872     ram_addr_t size;
873 
874     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory) {
875         pc_get_device_memory_range(pcms, &cxl_base, &size);
876         cxl_base += size;
877     } else {
878         cxl_base = pc_above_4g_end(pcms);
879     }
880 
881     return cxl_base;
882 }
883 
884 static uint64_t pc_get_cxl_range_end(PCMachineState *pcms)
885 {
886     uint64_t start = pc_get_cxl_range_start(pcms) + MiB;
887 
888     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows) {
889         GList *it;
890 
891         start = ROUND_UP(start, 256 * MiB);
892         for (it = pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows; it; it = it->next) {
893             CXLFixedWindow *fw = it->data;
894             start += fw->size;
895         }
896     }
897 
898     return start;
899 }
900 
901 static hwaddr pc_max_used_gpa(PCMachineState *pcms, uint64_t pci_hole64_size)
902 {
903     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(first_cpu);
904 
905     /* 32-bit systems don't have hole64 thus return max CPU address */
906     if (cpu->phys_bits <= 32) {
907         return ((hwaddr)1 << cpu->phys_bits) - 1;
908     }
909 
910     return pc_pci_hole64_start() + pci_hole64_size - 1;
911 }
912 
913 /*
914  * AMD systems with an IOMMU have an additional hole close to the
915  * 1Tb, which are special GPAs that cannot be DMA mapped. Depending
916  * on kernel version, VFIO may or may not let you DMA map those ranges.
917  * Starting Linux v5.4 we validate it, and can't create guests on AMD machines
918  * with certain memory sizes. It's also wrong to use those IOVA ranges
919  * in detriment of leading to IOMMU INVALID_DEVICE_REQUEST or worse.
920  * The ranges reserved for Hyper-Transport are:
921  *
922  * FD_0000_0000h - FF_FFFF_FFFFh
923  *
924  * The ranges represent the following:
925  *
926  * Base Address   Top Address  Use
927  *
928  * FD_0000_0000h FD_F7FF_FFFFh Reserved interrupt address space
929  * FD_F800_0000h FD_F8FF_FFFFh Interrupt/EOI IntCtl
930  * FD_F900_0000h FD_F90F_FFFFh Legacy PIC IACK
931  * FD_F910_0000h FD_F91F_FFFFh System Management
932  * FD_F920_0000h FD_FAFF_FFFFh Reserved Page Tables
933  * FD_FB00_0000h FD_FBFF_FFFFh Address Translation
934  * FD_FC00_0000h FD_FDFF_FFFFh I/O Space
935  * FD_FE00_0000h FD_FFFF_FFFFh Configuration
936  * FE_0000_0000h FE_1FFF_FFFFh Extended Configuration/Device Messages
937  * FE_2000_0000h FF_FFFF_FFFFh Reserved
938  *
939  * See AMD IOMMU spec, section 2.1.2 "IOMMU Logical Topology",
940  * Table 3: Special Address Controls (GPA) for more information.
941  */
942 #define AMD_HT_START         0xfd00000000UL
943 #define AMD_HT_END           0xffffffffffUL
944 #define AMD_ABOVE_1TB_START  (AMD_HT_END + 1)
945 #define AMD_HT_SIZE          (AMD_ABOVE_1TB_START - AMD_HT_START)
946 
947 void pc_memory_init(PCMachineState *pcms,
948                     MemoryRegion *system_memory,
949                     MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
950                     MemoryRegion **ram_memory,
951                     uint64_t pci_hole64_size)
952 {
953     int linux_boot, i;
954     MemoryRegion *option_rom_mr;
955     MemoryRegion *ram_below_4g, *ram_above_4g;
956     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
957     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(pcms);
958     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
959     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
960     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
961     hwaddr maxphysaddr, maxusedaddr;
962     hwaddr cxl_base, cxl_resv_end = 0;
963     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(first_cpu);
964 
965     assert(machine->ram_size == x86ms->below_4g_mem_size +
966                                 x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
967 
968     linux_boot = (machine->kernel_filename != NULL);
969 
970     /*
971      * The HyperTransport range close to the 1T boundary is unique to AMD
972      * hosts with IOMMUs enabled. Restrict the ram-above-4g relocation
973      * to above 1T to AMD vCPUs only. @enforce_amd_1tb_hole is only false in
974      * older machine types (<= 7.0) for compatibility purposes.
975      */
976     if (IS_AMD_CPU(&cpu->env) && pcmc->enforce_amd_1tb_hole) {
977         /* Bail out if max possible address does not cross HT range */
978         if (pc_max_used_gpa(pcms, pci_hole64_size) >= AMD_HT_START) {
979             x86ms->above_4g_mem_start = AMD_ABOVE_1TB_START;
980         }
981 
982         /*
983          * Advertise the HT region if address space covers the reserved
984          * region or if we relocate.
985          */
986         if (cpu->phys_bits >= 40) {
987             e820_add_entry(AMD_HT_START, AMD_HT_SIZE, E820_RESERVED);
988         }
989     }
990 
991     /*
992      * phys-bits is required to be appropriately configured
993      * to make sure max used GPA is reachable.
994      */
995     maxusedaddr = pc_max_used_gpa(pcms, pci_hole64_size);
996     maxphysaddr = ((hwaddr)1 << cpu->phys_bits) - 1;
997     if (maxphysaddr < maxusedaddr) {
998         error_report("Address space limit 0x%"PRIx64" < 0x%"PRIx64
999                      " phys-bits too low (%u)",
1000                      maxphysaddr, maxusedaddr, cpu->phys_bits);
1001         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1002     }
1003 
1004     /*
1005      * Split single memory region and use aliases to address portions of it,
1006      * done for backwards compatibility with older qemus.
1007      */
1008     *ram_memory = machine->ram;
1009     ram_below_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_below_4g));
1010     memory_region_init_alias(ram_below_4g, NULL, "ram-below-4g", machine->ram,
1011                              0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size);
1012     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram_below_4g);
1013     e820_add_entry(0, x86ms->below_4g_mem_size, E820_RAM);
1014     if (x86ms->above_4g_mem_size > 0) {
1015         ram_above_4g = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram_above_4g));
1016         memory_region_init_alias(ram_above_4g, NULL, "ram-above-4g",
1017                                  machine->ram,
1018                                  x86ms->below_4g_mem_size,
1019                                  x86ms->above_4g_mem_size);
1020         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, x86ms->above_4g_mem_start,
1021                                     ram_above_4g);
1022         e820_add_entry(x86ms->above_4g_mem_start, x86ms->above_4g_mem_size,
1023                        E820_RAM);
1024     }
1025 
1026     if (pcms->sgx_epc.size != 0) {
1027         e820_add_entry(pcms->sgx_epc.base, pcms->sgx_epc.size, E820_RESERVED);
1028     }
1029 
1030     if (!pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
1031         (machine->ram_slots ||
1032          (machine->maxram_size > machine->ram_size))) {
1033 
1034         error_report("\"-memory 'slots|maxmem'\" is not supported by: %s",
1035                      mc->name);
1036         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1037     }
1038 
1039     /* always allocate the device memory information */
1040     machine->device_memory = g_malloc0(sizeof(*machine->device_memory));
1041 
1042     /* initialize device memory address space */
1043     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory &&
1044         (machine->ram_size < machine->maxram_size)) {
1045         ram_addr_t device_mem_size;
1046 
1047         if (machine->ram_slots > ACPI_MAX_RAM_SLOTS) {
1048             error_report("unsupported amount of memory slots: %"PRIu64,
1049                          machine->ram_slots);
1050             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1051         }
1052 
1053         if (QEMU_ALIGN_UP(machine->maxram_size,
1054                           TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) != machine->maxram_size) {
1055             error_report("maximum memory size must by aligned to multiple of "
1056                          "%d bytes", TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
1057             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1058         }
1059 
1060         pc_get_device_memory_range(pcms, &machine->device_memory->base, &device_mem_size);
1061 
1062         if ((machine->device_memory->base + device_mem_size) <
1063             device_mem_size) {
1064             error_report("unsupported amount of maximum memory: " RAM_ADDR_FMT,
1065                          machine->maxram_size);
1066             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1067         }
1068 
1069         memory_region_init(&machine->device_memory->mr, OBJECT(pcms),
1070                            "device-memory", device_mem_size);
1071         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, machine->device_memory->base,
1072                                     &machine->device_memory->mr);
1073     }
1074 
1075     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
1076         MemoryRegion *mr = &pcms->cxl_devices_state.host_mr;
1077         hwaddr cxl_size = MiB;
1078 
1079         cxl_base = pc_get_cxl_range_start(pcms);
1080         memory_region_init(mr, OBJECT(machine), "cxl_host_reg", cxl_size);
1081         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, cxl_base, mr);
1082         cxl_resv_end = cxl_base + cxl_size;
1083         if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows) {
1084             hwaddr cxl_fmw_base;
1085             GList *it;
1086 
1087             cxl_fmw_base = ROUND_UP(cxl_base + cxl_size, 256 * MiB);
1088             for (it = pcms->cxl_devices_state.fixed_windows; it; it = it->next) {
1089                 CXLFixedWindow *fw = it->data;
1090 
1091                 fw->base = cxl_fmw_base;
1092                 memory_region_init_io(&fw->mr, OBJECT(machine), &cfmws_ops, fw,
1093                                       "cxl-fixed-memory-region", fw->size);
1094                 memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, fw->base, &fw->mr);
1095                 cxl_fmw_base += fw->size;
1096                 cxl_resv_end = cxl_fmw_base;
1097             }
1098         }
1099     }
1100 
1101     /* Initialize PC system firmware */
1102     pc_system_firmware_init(pcms, rom_memory);
1103 
1104     option_rom_mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*option_rom_mr));
1105     memory_region_init_ram(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE,
1106                            &error_fatal);
1107     if (pcmc->pci_enabled) {
1108         memory_region_set_readonly(option_rom_mr, true);
1109     }
1110     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
1111                                         PC_ROM_MIN_VGA,
1112                                         option_rom_mr,
1113                                         1);
1114 
1115     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_arch_create(machine,
1116                                 x86ms->boot_cpus, x86ms->apic_id_limit);
1117 
1118     rom_set_fw(fw_cfg);
1119 
1120     if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory && machine->device_memory->base) {
1121         uint64_t *val = g_malloc(sizeof(*val));
1122         PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1123         uint64_t res_mem_end = machine->device_memory->base;
1124 
1125         if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
1126             res_mem_end += memory_region_size(&machine->device_memory->mr);
1127         }
1128 
1129         if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
1130             res_mem_end = cxl_resv_end;
1131         }
1132         *val = cpu_to_le64(ROUND_UP(res_mem_end, 1 * GiB));
1133         fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, "etc/reserved-memory-end", val, sizeof(*val));
1134     }
1135 
1136     if (linux_boot) {
1137         x86_load_linux(x86ms, fw_cfg, pcmc->acpi_data_size,
1138                        pcmc->pvh_enabled);
1139     }
1140 
1141     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
1142         rom_add_option(option_rom[i].name, option_rom[i].bootindex);
1143     }
1144     x86ms->fw_cfg = fw_cfg;
1145 
1146     /* Init default IOAPIC address space */
1147     x86ms->ioapic_as = &address_space_memory;
1148 
1149     /* Init ACPI memory hotplug IO base address */
1150     pcms->memhp_io_base = ACPI_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_BASE;
1151 }
1152 
1153 /*
1154  * The 64bit pci hole starts after "above 4G RAM" and
1155  * potentially the space reserved for memory hotplug.
1156  */
1157 uint64_t pc_pci_hole64_start(void)
1158 {
1159     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
1160     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1161     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(pcms);
1162     uint64_t hole64_start = 0;
1163     ram_addr_t size = 0;
1164 
1165     if (pcms->cxl_devices_state.is_enabled) {
1166         hole64_start = pc_get_cxl_range_end(pcms);
1167     } else if (pcmc->has_reserved_memory && (ms->ram_size < ms->maxram_size)) {
1168         pc_get_device_memory_range(pcms, &hole64_start, &size);
1169         if (!pcmc->broken_reserved_end) {
1170             hole64_start += size;
1171         }
1172     } else {
1173         hole64_start = pc_above_4g_end(pcms);
1174     }
1175 
1176     return ROUND_UP(hole64_start, 1 * GiB);
1177 }
1178 
1179 DeviceState *pc_vga_init(ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
1180 {
1181     DeviceState *dev = NULL;
1182 
1183     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_VGA);
1184     if (pci_bus) {
1185         PCIDevice *pcidev = pci_vga_init(pci_bus);
1186         dev = pcidev ? &pcidev->qdev : NULL;
1187     } else if (isa_bus) {
1188         ISADevice *isadev = isa_vga_init(isa_bus);
1189         dev = isadev ? DEVICE(isadev) : NULL;
1190     }
1191     rom_reset_order_override();
1192     return dev;
1193 }
1194 
1195 static const MemoryRegionOps ioport80_io_ops = {
1196     .write = ioport80_write,
1197     .read = ioport80_read,
1198     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1199     .impl = {
1200         .min_access_size = 1,
1201         .max_access_size = 1,
1202     },
1203 };
1204 
1205 static const MemoryRegionOps ioportF0_io_ops = {
1206     .write = ioportF0_write,
1207     .read = ioportF0_read,
1208     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
1209     .impl = {
1210         .min_access_size = 1,
1211         .max_access_size = 1,
1212     },
1213 };
1214 
1215 static void pc_superio_init(ISABus *isa_bus, bool create_fdctrl,
1216                             bool create_i8042, bool no_vmport)
1217 {
1218     int i;
1219     DriveInfo *fd[MAX_FD];
1220     qemu_irq *a20_line;
1221     ISADevice *fdc, *i8042, *port92, *vmmouse;
1222 
1223     serial_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, 0, MAX_ISA_SERIAL_PORTS);
1224     parallel_hds_isa_init(isa_bus, MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS);
1225 
1226     for (i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++) {
1227         fd[i] = drive_get(IF_FLOPPY, 0, i);
1228         create_fdctrl |= !!fd[i];
1229     }
1230     if (create_fdctrl) {
1231         fdc = isa_new(TYPE_ISA_FDC);
1232         if (fdc) {
1233             isa_realize_and_unref(fdc, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1234             isa_fdc_init_drives(fdc, fd);
1235         }
1236     }
1237 
1238     if (!create_i8042) {
1239         return;
1240     }
1241 
1242     i8042 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_I8042);
1243     if (!no_vmport) {
1244         isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_VMPORT);
1245         vmmouse = isa_try_new("vmmouse");
1246     } else {
1247         vmmouse = NULL;
1248     }
1249     if (vmmouse) {
1250         object_property_set_link(OBJECT(vmmouse), TYPE_I8042, OBJECT(i8042),
1251                                  &error_abort);
1252         isa_realize_and_unref(vmmouse, isa_bus, &error_fatal);
1253     }
1254     port92 = isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_PORT92);
1255 
1256     a20_line = qemu_allocate_irqs(handle_a20_line_change, first_cpu, 2);
1257     i8042_setup_a20_line(i8042, a20_line[0]);
1258     qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(DEVICE(port92),
1259                                 PORT92_A20_LINE, 0, a20_line[1]);
1260     g_free(a20_line);
1261 }
1262 
1263 void pc_basic_device_init(struct PCMachineState *pcms,
1264                           ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *gsi,
1265                           ISADevice **rtc_state,
1266                           bool create_fdctrl,
1267                           uint32_t hpet_irqs)
1268 {
1269     int i;
1270     DeviceState *hpet = NULL;
1271     int pit_isa_irq = 0;
1272     qemu_irq pit_alt_irq = NULL;
1273     qemu_irq rtc_irq = NULL;
1274     ISADevice *pit = NULL;
1275     MemoryRegion *ioport80_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1276     MemoryRegion *ioportF0_io = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1277     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(pcms);
1278 
1279     memory_region_init_io(ioport80_io, NULL, &ioport80_io_ops, NULL, "ioport80", 1);
1280     memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0x80, ioport80_io);
1281 
1282     memory_region_init_io(ioportF0_io, NULL, &ioportF0_io_ops, NULL, "ioportF0", 1);
1283     memory_region_add_subregion(isa_bus->address_space_io, 0xf0, ioportF0_io);
1284 
1285     /*
1286      * Check if an HPET shall be created.
1287      *
1288      * Without KVM_CAP_PIT_STATE2, we cannot switch off the in-kernel PIT
1289      * when the HPET wants to take over. Thus we have to disable the latter.
1290      */
1291     if (pcms->hpet_enabled && (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel() ||
1292                                kvm_has_pit_state2())) {
1293         hpet = qdev_try_new(TYPE_HPET);
1294         if (!hpet) {
1295             error_report("couldn't create HPET device");
1296             exit(1);
1297         }
1298         /*
1299          * For pc-piix-*, hpet's intcap is always IRQ2. For pc-q35-1.7 and
1300          * earlier, use IRQ2 for compat. Otherwise, use IRQ16~23, IRQ8 and
1301          * IRQ2.
1302          */
1303         uint8_t compat = object_property_get_uint(OBJECT(hpet),
1304                 HPET_INTCAP, NULL);
1305         if (!compat) {
1306             qdev_prop_set_uint32(hpet, HPET_INTCAP, hpet_irqs);
1307         }
1308         sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), &error_fatal);
1309         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), 0, HPET_BASE);
1310 
1311         for (i = 0; i < IOAPIC_NUM_PINS; i++) {
1312             sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), i, gsi[i]);
1313         }
1314         pit_isa_irq = -1;
1315         pit_alt_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_PIT_INT);
1316         rtc_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(hpet, HPET_LEGACY_RTC_INT);
1317     }
1318     *rtc_state = ISA_DEVICE(mc146818_rtc_init(isa_bus, 2000, rtc_irq));
1319 
1320 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_EMU
1321     if (xen_mode == XEN_EMULATE) {
1322         xen_evtchn_connect_gsis(gsi);
1323         if (pcms->bus) {
1324             pci_create_simple(pcms->bus, -1, "xen-platform");
1325         }
1326         xen_bus_init();
1327         xen_be_init();
1328     }
1329 #endif
1330 
1331     qemu_register_boot_set(pc_boot_set, *rtc_state);
1332 
1333     if (!xen_enabled() &&
1334         (x86ms->pit == ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO || x86ms->pit == ON_OFF_AUTO_ON)) {
1335         if (kvm_pit_in_kernel()) {
1336             pit = kvm_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40);
1337         } else {
1338             pit = i8254_pit_init(isa_bus, 0x40, pit_isa_irq, pit_alt_irq);
1339         }
1340         if (hpet) {
1341             /* connect PIT to output control line of the HPET */
1342             qdev_connect_gpio_out(hpet, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(pit), 0));
1343         }
1344         pcspk_init(pcms->pcspk, isa_bus, pit);
1345     }
1346 
1347     /* Super I/O */
1348     pc_superio_init(isa_bus, create_fdctrl, pcms->i8042_enabled,
1349                     pcms->vmport != ON_OFF_AUTO_ON);
1350 }
1351 
1352 void pc_nic_init(PCMachineClass *pcmc, ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
1353 {
1354     int i;
1355 
1356     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_NIC);
1357     for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
1358         NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
1359         const char *model = nd->model ? nd->model : pcmc->default_nic_model;
1360 
1361         if (g_str_equal(model, "ne2k_isa")) {
1362             pc_init_ne2k_isa(isa_bus, nd);
1363         } else {
1364             pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, model, NULL);
1365         }
1366     }
1367     rom_reset_order_override();
1368 }
1369 
1370 void pc_i8259_create(ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *i8259_irqs)
1371 {
1372     qemu_irq *i8259;
1373 
1374     if (kvm_pic_in_kernel()) {
1375         i8259 = kvm_i8259_init(isa_bus);
1376     } else if (xen_enabled()) {
1377         i8259 = xen_interrupt_controller_init();
1378     } else {
1379         i8259 = i8259_init(isa_bus, x86_allocate_cpu_irq());
1380     }
1381 
1382     for (size_t i = 0; i < ISA_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
1383         i8259_irqs[i] = i8259[i];
1384     }
1385 
1386     g_free(i8259);
1387 }
1388 
1389 static void pc_memory_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev, DeviceState *dev,
1390                                Error **errp)
1391 {
1392     const PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1393     const X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1394     const PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms);
1395     const MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1396     const bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1397     const uint64_t legacy_align = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
1398     Error *local_err = NULL;
1399 
1400     /*
1401      * When -no-acpi is used with Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1402      * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1403      * addition to cover this case.
1404      */
1405     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1406         error_setg(errp,
1407                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1408         return;
1409     }
1410 
1411     if (is_nvdimm && !ms->nvdimms_state->is_enabled) {
1412         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm is not enabled: missing 'nvdimm' in '-M'");
1413         return;
1414     }
1415 
1416     hotplug_handler_pre_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1417     if (local_err) {
1418         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1419         return;
1420     }
1421 
1422     pc_dimm_pre_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev),
1423                      pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm ? NULL : &legacy_align, errp);
1424 }
1425 
1426 static void pc_memory_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1427                            DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1428 {
1429     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1430     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1431     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1432     bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
1433 
1434     pc_dimm_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1435 
1436     if (is_nvdimm) {
1437         nvdimm_plug(ms->nvdimms_state);
1438     }
1439 
1440     hotplug_handler_plug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &error_abort);
1441 }
1442 
1443 static void pc_memory_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1444                                      DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1445 {
1446     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1447 
1448     /*
1449      * When -no-acpi is used with Q35 machine type, no ACPI is built,
1450      * but pcms->acpi_dev is still created. Check !acpi_enabled in
1451      * addition to cover this case.
1452      */
1453     if (!x86ms->acpi_dev || !x86_machine_is_acpi_enabled(x86ms)) {
1454         error_setg(errp,
1455                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi device or acpi disabled");
1456         return;
1457     }
1458 
1459     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM)) {
1460         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm device hot unplug is not supported yet.");
1461         return;
1462     }
1463 
1464     hotplug_handler_unplug_request(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev,
1465                                    errp);
1466 }
1467 
1468 static void pc_memory_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1469                              DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1470 {
1471     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1472     X86MachineState *x86ms = X86_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1473     Error *local_err = NULL;
1474 
1475     hotplug_handler_unplug(x86ms->acpi_dev, dev, &local_err);
1476     if (local_err) {
1477         goto out;
1478     }
1479 
1480     pc_dimm_unplug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(pcms));
1481     qdev_unrealize(dev);
1482  out:
1483     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1484 }
1485 
1486 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1487                                       DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1488 {
1489     HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev2 = qdev_get_bus_hotplug_handler(dev);
1490     Error *local_err = NULL;
1491 
1492     if (!hotplug_dev2 && dev->hotplugged) {
1493         /*
1494          * Without a bus hotplug handler, we cannot control the plug/unplug
1495          * order. We should never reach this point when hotplugging on x86,
1496          * however, better add a safety net.
1497          */
1498         error_setg(errp, "hotplug of virtio based memory devices not supported"
1499                    " on this bus.");
1500         return;
1501     }
1502     /*
1503      * First, see if we can plug this memory device at all. If that
1504      * succeeds, branch of to the actual hotplug handler.
1505      */
1506     memory_device_pre_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), NULL,
1507                            &local_err);
1508     if (!local_err && hotplug_dev2) {
1509         hotplug_handler_pre_plug(hotplug_dev2, dev, &local_err);
1510     }
1511     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1512 }
1513 
1514 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1515                                   DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1516 {
1517     HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev2 = qdev_get_bus_hotplug_handler(dev);
1518     Error *local_err = NULL;
1519 
1520     /*
1521      * Plug the memory device first and then branch off to the actual
1522      * hotplug handler. If that one fails, we can easily undo the memory
1523      * device bits.
1524      */
1525     memory_device_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
1526     if (hotplug_dev2) {
1527         hotplug_handler_plug(hotplug_dev2, dev, &local_err);
1528         if (local_err) {
1529             memory_device_unplug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
1530         }
1531     }
1532     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1533 }
1534 
1535 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1536                                             DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1537 {
1538     /* We don't support hot unplug of virtio based memory devices */
1539     error_setg(errp, "virtio based memory devices cannot be unplugged.");
1540 }
1541 
1542 static void pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1543                                     DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1544 {
1545     /* We don't support hot unplug of virtio based memory devices */
1546 }
1547 
1548 static void pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1549                                           DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1550 {
1551     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1552         pc_memory_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1553     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1554         x86_cpu_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1555     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1556                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1557         pc_virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1558     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
1559         /* Declare the APIC range as the reserved MSI region */
1560         char *resv_prop_str = g_strdup_printf("0xfee00000:0xfeefffff:%d",
1561                                               VIRTIO_IOMMU_RESV_MEM_T_MSI);
1562 
1563         object_property_set_uint(OBJECT(dev), "len-reserved-regions", 1, errp);
1564         object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev), "reserved-regions[0]",
1565                                 resv_prop_str, errp);
1566         g_free(resv_prop_str);
1567     }
1568 
1569     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_X86_IOMMU_DEVICE) ||
1570         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
1571         PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
1572 
1573         if (pcms->iommu) {
1574             error_setg(errp, "QEMU does not support multiple vIOMMUs "
1575                        "for x86 yet.");
1576             return;
1577         }
1578         pcms->iommu = dev;
1579     }
1580 }
1581 
1582 static void pc_machine_device_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1583                                       DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1584 {
1585     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1586         pc_memory_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1587     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1588         x86_cpu_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1589     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1590                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1591         pc_virtio_md_pci_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1592     }
1593 }
1594 
1595 static void pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1596                                                 DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1597 {
1598     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1599         pc_memory_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1600     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1601         x86_cpu_unplug_request_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1602     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1603                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1604         pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1605     } else {
1606         error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug request for not supported device"
1607                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1608     }
1609 }
1610 
1611 static void pc_machine_device_unplug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
1612                                         DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1613 {
1614     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
1615         pc_memory_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1616     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU)) {
1617         x86_cpu_unplug_cb(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1618     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1619                object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
1620         pc_virtio_md_pci_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
1621     } else {
1622         error_setg(errp, "acpi: device unplug for not supported device"
1623                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
1624     }
1625 }
1626 
1627 static HotplugHandler *pc_get_hotplug_handler(MachineState *machine,
1628                                              DeviceState *dev)
1629 {
1630     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM) ||
1631         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_CPU) ||
1632         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_PMEM_PCI) ||
1633         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI) ||
1634         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI) ||
1635         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_X86_IOMMU_DEVICE)) {
1636         return HOTPLUG_HANDLER(machine);
1637     }
1638 
1639     return NULL;
1640 }
1641 
1642 static void
1643 pc_machine_get_device_memory_region_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1644                                          const char *name, void *opaque,
1645                                          Error **errp)
1646 {
1647     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(obj);
1648     int64_t value = 0;
1649 
1650     if (ms->device_memory) {
1651         value = memory_region_size(&ms->device_memory->mr);
1652     }
1653 
1654     visit_type_int(v, name, &value, errp);
1655 }
1656 
1657 static void pc_machine_get_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1658                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
1659 {
1660     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1661     OnOffAuto vmport = pcms->vmport;
1662 
1663     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &vmport, errp);
1664 }
1665 
1666 static void pc_machine_set_vmport(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1667                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
1668 {
1669     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1670 
1671     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &pcms->vmport, errp);
1672 }
1673 
1674 static bool pc_machine_get_smbus(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1675 {
1676     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1677 
1678     return pcms->smbus_enabled;
1679 }
1680 
1681 static void pc_machine_set_smbus(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1682 {
1683     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1684 
1685     pcms->smbus_enabled = value;
1686 }
1687 
1688 static bool pc_machine_get_sata(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1689 {
1690     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1691 
1692     return pcms->sata_enabled;
1693 }
1694 
1695 static void pc_machine_set_sata(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1696 {
1697     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1698 
1699     pcms->sata_enabled = value;
1700 }
1701 
1702 static bool pc_machine_get_hpet(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1703 {
1704     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1705 
1706     return pcms->hpet_enabled;
1707 }
1708 
1709 static void pc_machine_set_hpet(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1710 {
1711     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1712 
1713     pcms->hpet_enabled = value;
1714 }
1715 
1716 static bool pc_machine_get_i8042(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1717 {
1718     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1719 
1720     return pcms->i8042_enabled;
1721 }
1722 
1723 static void pc_machine_set_i8042(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
1724 {
1725     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1726 
1727     pcms->i8042_enabled = value;
1728 }
1729 
1730 static bool pc_machine_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, Error **errp)
1731 {
1732     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1733 
1734     return pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu;
1735 }
1736 
1737 static void pc_machine_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, bool value,
1738                                                     Error **errp)
1739 {
1740     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1741 
1742     pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = value;
1743 }
1744 
1745 static void pc_machine_get_smbios_ep(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1746                                      void *opaque, Error **errp)
1747 {
1748     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1749     SmbiosEntryPointType smbios_entry_point_type = pcms->smbios_entry_point_type;
1750 
1751     visit_type_SmbiosEntryPointType(v, name, &smbios_entry_point_type, errp);
1752 }
1753 
1754 static void pc_machine_set_smbios_ep(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
1755                                      void *opaque, Error **errp)
1756 {
1757     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1758 
1759     visit_type_SmbiosEntryPointType(v, name, &pcms->smbios_entry_point_type, errp);
1760 }
1761 
1762 static void pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1763                                             const char *name, void *opaque,
1764                                             Error **errp)
1765 {
1766     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1767     uint64_t value = pcms->max_ram_below_4g;
1768 
1769     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1770 }
1771 
1772 static void pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1773                                             const char *name, void *opaque,
1774                                             Error **errp)
1775 {
1776     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1777     uint64_t value;
1778 
1779     if (!visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp)) {
1780         return;
1781     }
1782     if (value > 4 * GiB) {
1783         error_setg(errp,
1784                    "Machine option 'max-ram-below-4g=%"PRIu64
1785                    "' expects size less than or equal to 4G", value);
1786         return;
1787     }
1788 
1789     if (value < 1 * MiB) {
1790         warn_report("Only %" PRIu64 " bytes of RAM below the 4GiB boundary,"
1791                     "BIOS may not work with less than 1MiB", value);
1792     }
1793 
1794     pcms->max_ram_below_4g = value;
1795 }
1796 
1797 static void pc_machine_get_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1798                                        const char *name, void *opaque,
1799                                        Error **errp)
1800 {
1801     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1802     uint64_t value = pcms->max_fw_size;
1803 
1804     visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp);
1805 }
1806 
1807 static void pc_machine_set_max_fw_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v,
1808                                        const char *name, void *opaque,
1809                                        Error **errp)
1810 {
1811     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1812     uint64_t value;
1813 
1814     if (!visit_type_size(v, name, &value, errp)) {
1815         return;
1816     }
1817 
1818     /*
1819     * We don't have a theoretically justifiable exact lower bound on the base
1820     * address of any flash mapping. In practice, the IO-APIC MMIO range is
1821     * [0xFEE00000..0xFEE01000] -- see IO_APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS --, leaving free
1822     * only 18MB-4KB below 4G. For now, restrict the cumulative mapping to 8MB in
1823     * size.
1824     */
1825     if (value > 16 * MiB) {
1826         error_setg(errp,
1827                    "User specified max allowed firmware size %" PRIu64 " is "
1828                    "greater than 16MiB. If combined firwmare size exceeds "
1829                    "16MiB the system may not boot, or experience intermittent"
1830                    "stability issues.",
1831                    value);
1832         return;
1833     }
1834 
1835     pcms->max_fw_size = value;
1836 }
1837 
1838 
1839 static void pc_machine_initfn(Object *obj)
1840 {
1841     PCMachineState *pcms = PC_MACHINE(obj);
1842 
1843 #ifdef CONFIG_VMPORT
1844     pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_AUTO;
1845 #else
1846     pcms->vmport = ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF;
1847 #endif /* CONFIG_VMPORT */
1848     pcms->max_ram_below_4g = 0; /* use default */
1849     pcms->smbios_entry_point_type = SMBIOS_ENTRY_POINT_TYPE_32;
1850 
1851     /* acpi build is enabled by default if machine supports it */
1852     pcms->acpi_build_enabled = PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms)->has_acpi_build;
1853     pcms->smbus_enabled = true;
1854     pcms->sata_enabled = true;
1855     pcms->i8042_enabled = true;
1856     pcms->max_fw_size = 8 * MiB;
1857 #ifdef CONFIG_HPET
1858     pcms->hpet_enabled = true;
1859 #endif
1860     pcms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = false;
1861 
1862     pc_system_flash_create(pcms);
1863     pcms->pcspk = isa_new(TYPE_PC_SPEAKER);
1864     object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(pcms), "pcspk-audiodev",
1865                               OBJECT(pcms->pcspk), "audiodev");
1866     cxl_machine_init(obj, &pcms->cxl_devices_state);
1867 }
1868 
1869 int pc_machine_kvm_type(MachineState *machine, const char *kvm_type)
1870 {
1871 #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_EMU
1872     if (xen_mode == XEN_EMULATE) {
1873         xen_overlay_create();
1874         xen_evtchn_create();
1875         xen_gnttab_create();
1876         xen_xenstore_create();
1877     }
1878 #endif
1879     return 0;
1880 }
1881 
1882 static void pc_machine_reset(MachineState *machine, ShutdownCause reason)
1883 {
1884     CPUState *cs;
1885     X86CPU *cpu;
1886 
1887     qemu_devices_reset(reason);
1888 
1889     /* Reset APIC after devices have been reset to cancel
1890      * any changes that qemu_devices_reset() might have done.
1891      */
1892     CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
1893         cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
1894 
1895         x86_cpu_after_reset(cpu);
1896     }
1897 }
1898 
1899 static void pc_machine_wakeup(MachineState *machine)
1900 {
1901     cpu_synchronize_all_states();
1902     pc_machine_reset(machine, SHUTDOWN_CAUSE_NONE);
1903     cpu_synchronize_all_post_reset();
1904 }
1905 
1906 static bool pc_hotplug_allowed(MachineState *ms, DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
1907 {
1908     X86IOMMUState *iommu = x86_iommu_get_default();
1909     IntelIOMMUState *intel_iommu;
1910 
1911     if (iommu &&
1912         object_dynamic_cast((Object *)iommu, TYPE_INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE) &&
1913         object_dynamic_cast((Object *)dev, "vfio-pci")) {
1914         intel_iommu = INTEL_IOMMU_DEVICE(iommu);
1915         if (!intel_iommu->caching_mode) {
1916             error_setg(errp, "Device assignment is not allowed without "
1917                        "enabling caching-mode=on for Intel IOMMU.");
1918             return false;
1919         }
1920     }
1921 
1922     return true;
1923 }
1924 
1925 static void pc_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
1926 {
1927     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1928     PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
1929     HotplugHandlerClass *hc = HOTPLUG_HANDLER_CLASS(oc);
1930 
1931     pcmc->pci_enabled = true;
1932     pcmc->has_acpi_build = true;
1933     pcmc->rsdp_in_ram = true;
1934     pcmc->smbios_defaults = true;
1935     pcmc->smbios_uuid_encoded = true;
1936     pcmc->gigabyte_align = true;
1937     pcmc->has_reserved_memory = true;
1938     pcmc->kvmclock_enabled = true;
1939     pcmc->enforce_aligned_dimm = true;
1940     pcmc->enforce_amd_1tb_hole = true;
1941     /* BIOS ACPI tables: 128K. Other BIOS datastructures: less than 4K reported
1942      * to be used at the moment, 32K should be enough for a while.  */
1943     pcmc->acpi_data_size = 0x20000 + 0x8000;
1944     pcmc->pvh_enabled = true;
1945     pcmc->kvmclock_create_always = true;
1946     assert(!mc->get_hotplug_handler);
1947     mc->get_hotplug_handler = pc_get_hotplug_handler;
1948     mc->hotplug_allowed = pc_hotplug_allowed;
1949     mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = x86_cpu_index_to_props;
1950     mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = x86_get_default_cpu_node_id;
1951     mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = x86_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
1952     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memhp = true;
1953     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memdev = true;
1954     mc->has_hotpluggable_cpus = true;
1955     mc->default_boot_order = "cad";
1956     mc->block_default_type = IF_IDE;
1957     mc->max_cpus = 255;
1958     mc->reset = pc_machine_reset;
1959     mc->wakeup = pc_machine_wakeup;
1960     hc->pre_plug = pc_machine_device_pre_plug_cb;
1961     hc->plug = pc_machine_device_plug_cb;
1962     hc->unplug_request = pc_machine_device_unplug_request_cb;
1963     hc->unplug = pc_machine_device_unplug_cb;
1964     mc->default_cpu_type = TARGET_DEFAULT_CPU_TYPE;
1965     mc->nvdimm_supported = true;
1966     mc->smp_props.dies_supported = true;
1967     mc->default_ram_id = "pc.ram";
1968 
1969     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G, "size",
1970         pc_machine_get_max_ram_below_4g, pc_machine_set_max_ram_below_4g,
1971         NULL, NULL);
1972     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_RAM_BELOW_4G,
1973         "Maximum ram below the 4G boundary (32bit boundary)");
1974 
1975     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_DEVMEM_REGION_SIZE, "int",
1976         pc_machine_get_device_memory_region_size, NULL,
1977         NULL, NULL);
1978 
1979     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT, "OnOffAuto",
1980         pc_machine_get_vmport, pc_machine_set_vmport,
1981         NULL, NULL);
1982     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_VMPORT,
1983         "Enable vmport (pc & q35)");
1984 
1985     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBUS,
1986         pc_machine_get_smbus, pc_machine_set_smbus);
1987     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBUS,
1988         "Enable/disable system management bus");
1989 
1990     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_SATA,
1991         pc_machine_get_sata, pc_machine_set_sata);
1992     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_SATA,
1993         "Enable/disable Serial ATA bus");
1994 
1995     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "hpet",
1996         pc_machine_get_hpet, pc_machine_set_hpet);
1997     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "hpet",
1998         "Enable/disable high precision event timer emulation");
1999 
2000     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, PC_MACHINE_I8042,
2001         pc_machine_get_i8042, pc_machine_set_i8042);
2002 
2003     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "default-bus-bypass-iommu",
2004         pc_machine_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu,
2005         pc_machine_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu);
2006 
2007     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE, "size",
2008         pc_machine_get_max_fw_size, pc_machine_set_max_fw_size,
2009         NULL, NULL);
2010     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_MAX_FW_SIZE,
2011         "Maximum combined firmware size");
2012 
2013     object_class_property_add(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBIOS_EP, "str",
2014         pc_machine_get_smbios_ep, pc_machine_set_smbios_ep,
2015         NULL, NULL);
2016     object_class_property_set_description(oc, PC_MACHINE_SMBIOS_EP,
2017         "SMBIOS Entry Point type [32, 64]");
2018 }
2019 
2020 static const TypeInfo pc_machine_info = {
2021     .name = TYPE_PC_MACHINE,
2022     .parent = TYPE_X86_MACHINE,
2023     .abstract = true,
2024     .instance_size = sizeof(PCMachineState),
2025     .instance_init = pc_machine_initfn,
2026     .class_size = sizeof(PCMachineClass),
2027     .class_init = pc_machine_class_init,
2028     .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
2029          { TYPE_HOTPLUG_HANDLER },
2030          { }
2031     },
2032 };
2033 
2034 static void pc_machine_register_types(void)
2035 {
2036     type_register_static(&pc_machine_info);
2037 }
2038 
2039 type_init(pc_machine_register_types)
2040