xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/block/pflash_cfi01.c (revision b15e402f)
1 /*
2  *  CFI parallel flash with Intel command set emulation
3  *
4  *  Copyright (c) 2006 Thorsten Zitterell
5  *  Copyright (c) 2005 Jocelyn Mayer
6  *
7  * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10  * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11  *
12  * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
15  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18  * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19  */
20 
21 /*
22  * For now, this code can emulate flashes of 1, 2 or 4 bytes width.
23  * Supported commands/modes are:
24  * - flash read
25  * - flash write
26  * - flash ID read
27  * - sector erase
28  * - CFI queries
29  *
30  * It does not support timings
31  * It does not support flash interleaving
32  * It does not implement software data protection as found in many real chips
33  * It does not implement erase suspend/resume commands
34  * It does not implement multiple sectors erase
35  *
36  * It does not implement much more ...
37  */
38 
39 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
40 #include "hw/block/block.h"
41 #include "hw/block/flash.h"
42 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
43 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
44 #include "qapi/error.h"
45 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
46 #include "qemu/bitops.h"
47 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
48 #include "qemu/host-utils.h"
49 #include "qemu/log.h"
50 #include "qemu/module.h"
51 #include "qemu/option.h"
52 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
53 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
54 #include "sysemu/blockdev.h"
55 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
56 #include "trace.h"
57 
58 /* #define PFLASH_DEBUG */
59 #ifdef PFLASH_DEBUG
60 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...)                                   \
61 do {                                                        \
62     fprintf(stderr, "PFLASH: " fmt , ## __VA_ARGS__);       \
63 } while (0)
64 #else
65 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) do { } while (0)
66 #endif
67 
68 #define PFLASH_BE          0
69 #define PFLASH_SECURE      1
70 
71 struct PFlashCFI01 {
72     /*< private >*/
73     SysBusDevice parent_obj;
74     /*< public >*/
75 
76     BlockBackend *blk;
77     uint32_t nb_blocs;
78     uint64_t sector_len;
79     uint8_t bank_width;
80     uint8_t device_width; /* If 0, device width not specified. */
81     uint8_t max_device_width;  /* max device width in bytes */
82     uint32_t features;
83     uint8_t wcycle; /* if 0, the flash is read normally */
84     int ro;
85     uint8_t cmd;
86     uint8_t status;
87     uint16_t ident0;
88     uint16_t ident1;
89     uint16_t ident2;
90     uint16_t ident3;
91     uint8_t cfi_table[0x52];
92     uint64_t counter;
93     unsigned int writeblock_size;
94     MemoryRegion mem;
95     char *name;
96     void *storage;
97     VMChangeStateEntry *vmstate;
98     bool old_multiple_chip_handling;
99 };
100 
101 static int pflash_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id);
102 
103 static const VMStateDescription vmstate_pflash = {
104     .name = "pflash_cfi01",
105     .version_id = 1,
106     .minimum_version_id = 1,
107     .post_load = pflash_post_load,
108     .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
109         VMSTATE_UINT8(wcycle, PFlashCFI01),
110         VMSTATE_UINT8(cmd, PFlashCFI01),
111         VMSTATE_UINT8(status, PFlashCFI01),
112         VMSTATE_UINT64(counter, PFlashCFI01),
113         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
114     }
115 };
116 
117 /* Perform a CFI query based on the bank width of the flash.
118  * If this code is called we know we have a device_width set for
119  * this flash.
120  */
121 static uint32_t pflash_cfi_query(PFlashCFI01 *pfl, hwaddr offset)
122 {
123     int i;
124     uint32_t resp = 0;
125     hwaddr boff;
126 
127     /* Adjust incoming offset to match expected device-width
128      * addressing. CFI query addresses are always specified in terms of
129      * the maximum supported width of the device.  This means that x8
130      * devices and x8/x16 devices in x8 mode behave differently.  For
131      * devices that are not used at their max width, we will be
132      * provided with addresses that use higher address bits than
133      * expected (based on the max width), so we will shift them lower
134      * so that they will match the addresses used when
135      * device_width==max_device_width.
136      */
137     boff = offset >> (ctz32(pfl->bank_width) +
138                       ctz32(pfl->max_device_width) - ctz32(pfl->device_width));
139 
140     if (boff >= sizeof(pfl->cfi_table)) {
141         return 0;
142     }
143     /* Now we will construct the CFI response generated by a single
144      * device, then replicate that for all devices that make up the
145      * bus.  For wide parts used in x8 mode, CFI query responses
146      * are different than native byte-wide parts.
147      */
148     resp = pfl->cfi_table[boff];
149     if (pfl->device_width != pfl->max_device_width) {
150         /* The only case currently supported is x8 mode for a
151          * wider part.
152          */
153         if (pfl->device_width != 1 || pfl->bank_width > 4) {
154             DPRINTF("%s: Unsupported device configuration: "
155                     "device_width=%d, max_device_width=%d\n",
156                     __func__, pfl->device_width,
157                     pfl->max_device_width);
158             return 0;
159         }
160         /* CFI query data is repeated, rather than zero padded for
161          * wide devices used in x8 mode.
162          */
163         for (i = 1; i < pfl->max_device_width; i++) {
164             resp = deposit32(resp, 8 * i, 8, pfl->cfi_table[boff]);
165         }
166     }
167     /* Replicate responses for each device in bank. */
168     if (pfl->device_width < pfl->bank_width) {
169         for (i = pfl->device_width;
170              i < pfl->bank_width; i += pfl->device_width) {
171             resp = deposit32(resp, 8 * i, 8 * pfl->device_width, resp);
172         }
173     }
174 
175     return resp;
176 }
177 
178 
179 
180 /* Perform a device id query based on the bank width of the flash. */
181 static uint32_t pflash_devid_query(PFlashCFI01 *pfl, hwaddr offset)
182 {
183     int i;
184     uint32_t resp;
185     hwaddr boff;
186 
187     /* Adjust incoming offset to match expected device-width
188      * addressing. Device ID read addresses are always specified in
189      * terms of the maximum supported width of the device.  This means
190      * that x8 devices and x8/x16 devices in x8 mode behave
191      * differently. For devices that are not used at their max width,
192      * we will be provided with addresses that use higher address bits
193      * than expected (based on the max width), so we will shift them
194      * lower so that they will match the addresses used when
195      * device_width==max_device_width.
196      */
197     boff = offset >> (ctz32(pfl->bank_width) +
198                       ctz32(pfl->max_device_width) - ctz32(pfl->device_width));
199 
200     /* Mask off upper bits which may be used in to query block
201      * or sector lock status at other addresses.
202      * Offsets 2/3 are block lock status, is not emulated.
203      */
204     switch (boff & 0xFF) {
205     case 0:
206         resp = pfl->ident0;
207         trace_pflash_manufacturer_id(resp);
208         break;
209     case 1:
210         resp = pfl->ident1;
211         trace_pflash_device_id(resp);
212         break;
213     default:
214         trace_pflash_device_info(offset);
215         return 0;
216     }
217     /* Replicate responses for each device in bank. */
218     if (pfl->device_width < pfl->bank_width) {
219         for (i = pfl->device_width;
220               i < pfl->bank_width; i += pfl->device_width) {
221             resp = deposit32(resp, 8 * i, 8 * pfl->device_width, resp);
222         }
223     }
224 
225     return resp;
226 }
227 
228 static uint32_t pflash_data_read(PFlashCFI01 *pfl, hwaddr offset,
229                                  int width, int be)
230 {
231     uint8_t *p;
232     uint32_t ret;
233 
234     p = pfl->storage;
235     switch (width) {
236     case 1:
237         ret = p[offset];
238         break;
239     case 2:
240         if (be) {
241             ret = p[offset] << 8;
242             ret |= p[offset + 1];
243         } else {
244             ret = p[offset];
245             ret |= p[offset + 1] << 8;
246         }
247         break;
248     case 4:
249         if (be) {
250             ret = p[offset] << 24;
251             ret |= p[offset + 1] << 16;
252             ret |= p[offset + 2] << 8;
253             ret |= p[offset + 3];
254         } else {
255             ret = p[offset];
256             ret |= p[offset + 1] << 8;
257             ret |= p[offset + 2] << 16;
258             ret |= p[offset + 3] << 24;
259         }
260         break;
261     default:
262         DPRINTF("BUG in %s\n", __func__);
263         abort();
264     }
265     trace_pflash_data_read(offset, width, ret);
266     return ret;
267 }
268 
269 static uint32_t pflash_read(PFlashCFI01 *pfl, hwaddr offset,
270                             int width, int be)
271 {
272     hwaddr boff;
273     uint32_t ret;
274 
275     ret = -1;
276     switch (pfl->cmd) {
277     default:
278         /* This should never happen : reset state & treat it as a read */
279         DPRINTF("%s: unknown command state: %x\n", __func__, pfl->cmd);
280         pfl->wcycle = 0;
281         /*
282          * The command 0x00 is not assigned by the CFI open standard,
283          * but QEMU historically uses it for the READ_ARRAY command (0xff).
284          */
285         pfl->cmd = 0x00;
286         /* fall through to read code */
287     case 0x00: /* This model reset value for READ_ARRAY (not CFI compliant) */
288         /* Flash area read */
289         ret = pflash_data_read(pfl, offset, width, be);
290         break;
291     case 0x10: /* Single byte program */
292     case 0x20: /* Block erase */
293     case 0x28: /* Block erase */
294     case 0x40: /* single byte program */
295     case 0x50: /* Clear status register */
296     case 0x60: /* Block /un)lock */
297     case 0x70: /* Status Register */
298     case 0xe8: /* Write block */
299         /* Status register read.  Return status from each device in
300          * bank.
301          */
302         ret = pfl->status;
303         if (pfl->device_width && width > pfl->device_width) {
304             int shift = pfl->device_width * 8;
305             while (shift + pfl->device_width * 8 <= width * 8) {
306                 ret |= pfl->status << shift;
307                 shift += pfl->device_width * 8;
308             }
309         } else if (!pfl->device_width && width > 2) {
310             /* Handle 32 bit flash cases where device width is not
311              * set. (Existing behavior before device width added.)
312              */
313             ret |= pfl->status << 16;
314         }
315         DPRINTF("%s: status %x\n", __func__, ret);
316         break;
317     case 0x90:
318         if (!pfl->device_width) {
319             /* Preserve old behavior if device width not specified */
320             boff = offset & 0xFF;
321             if (pfl->bank_width == 2) {
322                 boff = boff >> 1;
323             } else if (pfl->bank_width == 4) {
324                 boff = boff >> 2;
325             }
326 
327             switch (boff) {
328             case 0:
329                 ret = pfl->ident0 << 8 | pfl->ident1;
330                 trace_pflash_manufacturer_id(ret);
331                 break;
332             case 1:
333                 ret = pfl->ident2 << 8 | pfl->ident3;
334                 trace_pflash_device_id(ret);
335                 break;
336             default:
337                 trace_pflash_device_info(boff);
338                 ret = 0;
339                 break;
340             }
341         } else {
342             /* If we have a read larger than the bank_width, combine multiple
343              * manufacturer/device ID queries into a single response.
344              */
345             int i;
346             for (i = 0; i < width; i += pfl->bank_width) {
347                 ret = deposit32(ret, i * 8, pfl->bank_width * 8,
348                                 pflash_devid_query(pfl,
349                                                  offset + i * pfl->bank_width));
350             }
351         }
352         break;
353     case 0x98: /* Query mode */
354         if (!pfl->device_width) {
355             /* Preserve old behavior if device width not specified */
356             boff = offset & 0xFF;
357             if (pfl->bank_width == 2) {
358                 boff = boff >> 1;
359             } else if (pfl->bank_width == 4) {
360                 boff = boff >> 2;
361             }
362 
363             if (boff < sizeof(pfl->cfi_table)) {
364                 ret = pfl->cfi_table[boff];
365             } else {
366                 ret = 0;
367             }
368         } else {
369             /* If we have a read larger than the bank_width, combine multiple
370              * CFI queries into a single response.
371              */
372             int i;
373             for (i = 0; i < width; i += pfl->bank_width) {
374                 ret = deposit32(ret, i * 8, pfl->bank_width * 8,
375                                 pflash_cfi_query(pfl,
376                                                  offset + i * pfl->bank_width));
377             }
378         }
379 
380         break;
381     }
382     trace_pflash_io_read(offset, width, ret, pfl->cmd, pfl->wcycle);
383 
384     return ret;
385 }
386 
387 /* update flash content on disk */
388 static void pflash_update(PFlashCFI01 *pfl, int offset,
389                           int size)
390 {
391     int offset_end;
392     int ret;
393     if (pfl->blk) {
394         offset_end = offset + size;
395         /* widen to sector boundaries */
396         offset = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(offset, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
397         offset_end = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(offset_end, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
398         ret = blk_pwrite(pfl->blk, offset, pfl->storage + offset,
399                    offset_end - offset, 0);
400         if (ret < 0) {
401             /* TODO set error bit in status */
402             error_report("Could not update PFLASH: %s", strerror(-ret));
403         }
404     }
405 }
406 
407 static inline void pflash_data_write(PFlashCFI01 *pfl, hwaddr offset,
408                                      uint32_t value, int width, int be)
409 {
410     uint8_t *p = pfl->storage;
411 
412     trace_pflash_data_write(offset, width, value, pfl->counter);
413     switch (width) {
414     case 1:
415         p[offset] = value;
416         break;
417     case 2:
418         if (be) {
419             p[offset] = value >> 8;
420             p[offset + 1] = value;
421         } else {
422             p[offset] = value;
423             p[offset + 1] = value >> 8;
424         }
425         break;
426     case 4:
427         if (be) {
428             p[offset] = value >> 24;
429             p[offset + 1] = value >> 16;
430             p[offset + 2] = value >> 8;
431             p[offset + 3] = value;
432         } else {
433             p[offset] = value;
434             p[offset + 1] = value >> 8;
435             p[offset + 2] = value >> 16;
436             p[offset + 3] = value >> 24;
437         }
438         break;
439     }
440 
441 }
442 
443 static void pflash_write(PFlashCFI01 *pfl, hwaddr offset,
444                          uint32_t value, int width, int be)
445 {
446     uint8_t *p;
447     uint8_t cmd;
448 
449     cmd = value;
450 
451     trace_pflash_io_write(offset, width, value, pfl->wcycle);
452     if (!pfl->wcycle) {
453         /* Set the device in I/O access mode */
454         memory_region_rom_device_set_romd(&pfl->mem, false);
455     }
456 
457     switch (pfl->wcycle) {
458     case 0:
459         /* read mode */
460         switch (cmd) {
461         case 0x00: /* This model reset value for READ_ARRAY (not CFI) */
462             goto mode_read_array;
463         case 0x10: /* Single Byte Program */
464         case 0x40: /* Single Byte Program */
465             DPRINTF("%s: Single Byte Program\n", __func__);
466             break;
467         case 0x20: /* Block erase */
468             p = pfl->storage;
469             offset &= ~(pfl->sector_len - 1);
470 
471             DPRINTF("%s: block erase at " TARGET_FMT_plx " bytes %x\n",
472                     __func__, offset, (unsigned)pfl->sector_len);
473 
474             if (!pfl->ro) {
475                 memset(p + offset, 0xff, pfl->sector_len);
476                 pflash_update(pfl, offset, pfl->sector_len);
477             } else {
478                 pfl->status |= 0x20; /* Block erase error */
479             }
480             pfl->status |= 0x80; /* Ready! */
481             break;
482         case 0x50: /* Clear status bits */
483             DPRINTF("%s: Clear status bits\n", __func__);
484             pfl->status = 0x0;
485             goto mode_read_array;
486         case 0x60: /* Block (un)lock */
487             DPRINTF("%s: Block unlock\n", __func__);
488             break;
489         case 0x70: /* Status Register */
490             DPRINTF("%s: Read status register\n", __func__);
491             pfl->cmd = cmd;
492             return;
493         case 0x90: /* Read Device ID */
494             DPRINTF("%s: Read Device information\n", __func__);
495             pfl->cmd = cmd;
496             return;
497         case 0x98: /* CFI query */
498             DPRINTF("%s: CFI query\n", __func__);
499             break;
500         case 0xe8: /* Write to buffer */
501             DPRINTF("%s: Write to buffer\n", __func__);
502             /* FIXME should save @offset, @width for case 1+ */
503             qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP,
504                           "%s: Write to buffer emulation is flawed\n",
505                           __func__);
506             pfl->status |= 0x80; /* Ready! */
507             break;
508         case 0xf0: /* Probe for AMD flash */
509             DPRINTF("%s: Probe for AMD flash\n", __func__);
510             goto mode_read_array;
511         case 0xff: /* Read Array */
512             DPRINTF("%s: Read array mode\n", __func__);
513             goto mode_read_array;
514         default:
515             goto error_flash;
516         }
517         pfl->wcycle++;
518         pfl->cmd = cmd;
519         break;
520     case 1:
521         switch (pfl->cmd) {
522         case 0x10: /* Single Byte Program */
523         case 0x40: /* Single Byte Program */
524             DPRINTF("%s: Single Byte Program\n", __func__);
525             if (!pfl->ro) {
526                 pflash_data_write(pfl, offset, value, width, be);
527                 pflash_update(pfl, offset, width);
528             } else {
529                 pfl->status |= 0x10; /* Programming error */
530             }
531             pfl->status |= 0x80; /* Ready! */
532             pfl->wcycle = 0;
533         break;
534         case 0x20: /* Block erase */
535         case 0x28:
536             if (cmd == 0xd0) { /* confirm */
537                 pfl->wcycle = 0;
538                 pfl->status |= 0x80;
539             } else if (cmd == 0xff) { /* Read Array */
540                 goto mode_read_array;
541             } else
542                 goto error_flash;
543 
544             break;
545         case 0xe8:
546             /* Mask writeblock size based on device width, or bank width if
547              * device width not specified.
548              */
549             /* FIXME check @offset, @width */
550             if (pfl->device_width) {
551                 value = extract32(value, 0, pfl->device_width * 8);
552             } else {
553                 value = extract32(value, 0, pfl->bank_width * 8);
554             }
555             DPRINTF("%s: block write of %x bytes\n", __func__, value);
556             pfl->counter = value;
557             pfl->wcycle++;
558             break;
559         case 0x60:
560             if (cmd == 0xd0) {
561                 pfl->wcycle = 0;
562                 pfl->status |= 0x80;
563             } else if (cmd == 0x01) {
564                 pfl->wcycle = 0;
565                 pfl->status |= 0x80;
566             } else if (cmd == 0xff) { /* Read Array */
567                 goto mode_read_array;
568             } else {
569                 DPRINTF("%s: Unknown (un)locking command\n", __func__);
570                 goto mode_read_array;
571             }
572             break;
573         case 0x98:
574             if (cmd == 0xff) { /* Read Array */
575                 goto mode_read_array;
576             } else {
577                 DPRINTF("%s: leaving query mode\n", __func__);
578             }
579             break;
580         default:
581             goto error_flash;
582         }
583         break;
584     case 2:
585         switch (pfl->cmd) {
586         case 0xe8: /* Block write */
587             /* FIXME check @offset, @width */
588             if (!pfl->ro) {
589                 /*
590                  * FIXME writing straight to memory is *wrong*.  We
591                  * should write to a buffer, and flush it to memory
592                  * only on confirm command (see below).
593                  */
594                 pflash_data_write(pfl, offset, value, width, be);
595             } else {
596                 pfl->status |= 0x10; /* Programming error */
597             }
598 
599             pfl->status |= 0x80;
600 
601             if (!pfl->counter) {
602                 hwaddr mask = pfl->writeblock_size - 1;
603                 mask = ~mask;
604 
605                 DPRINTF("%s: block write finished\n", __func__);
606                 pfl->wcycle++;
607                 if (!pfl->ro) {
608                     /* Flush the entire write buffer onto backing storage.  */
609                     /* FIXME premature! */
610                     pflash_update(pfl, offset & mask, pfl->writeblock_size);
611                 } else {
612                     pfl->status |= 0x10; /* Programming error */
613                 }
614             }
615 
616             pfl->counter--;
617             break;
618         default:
619             goto error_flash;
620         }
621         break;
622     case 3: /* Confirm mode */
623         switch (pfl->cmd) {
624         case 0xe8: /* Block write */
625             if (cmd == 0xd0) {
626                 /* FIXME this is where we should write out the buffer */
627                 pfl->wcycle = 0;
628                 pfl->status |= 0x80;
629             } else {
630                 qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP,
631                     "%s: Aborting write to buffer not implemented,"
632                     " the data is already written to storage!\n"
633                     "Flash device reset into READ mode.\n",
634                     __func__);
635                 goto mode_read_array;
636             }
637             break;
638         default:
639             goto error_flash;
640         }
641         break;
642     default:
643         /* Should never happen */
644         DPRINTF("%s: invalid write state\n",  __func__);
645         goto mode_read_array;
646     }
647     return;
648 
649  error_flash:
650     qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP, "%s: Unimplemented flash cmd sequence "
651                   "(offset " TARGET_FMT_plx ", wcycle 0x%x cmd 0x%x value 0x%x)"
652                   "\n", __func__, offset, pfl->wcycle, pfl->cmd, value);
653 
654  mode_read_array:
655     trace_pflash_reset();
656     memory_region_rom_device_set_romd(&pfl->mem, true);
657     pfl->wcycle = 0;
658     pfl->cmd = 0x00; /* This model reset value for READ_ARRAY (not CFI) */
659 }
660 
661 
662 static MemTxResult pflash_mem_read_with_attrs(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t *value,
663                                               unsigned len, MemTxAttrs attrs)
664 {
665     PFlashCFI01 *pfl = opaque;
666     bool be = !!(pfl->features & (1 << PFLASH_BE));
667 
668     if ((pfl->features & (1 << PFLASH_SECURE)) && !attrs.secure) {
669         *value = pflash_data_read(opaque, addr, len, be);
670     } else {
671         *value = pflash_read(opaque, addr, len, be);
672     }
673     return MEMTX_OK;
674 }
675 
676 static MemTxResult pflash_mem_write_with_attrs(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t value,
677                                                unsigned len, MemTxAttrs attrs)
678 {
679     PFlashCFI01 *pfl = opaque;
680     bool be = !!(pfl->features & (1 << PFLASH_BE));
681 
682     if ((pfl->features & (1 << PFLASH_SECURE)) && !attrs.secure) {
683         return MEMTX_ERROR;
684     } else {
685         pflash_write(opaque, addr, value, len, be);
686         return MEMTX_OK;
687     }
688 }
689 
690 static const MemoryRegionOps pflash_cfi01_ops = {
691     .read_with_attrs = pflash_mem_read_with_attrs,
692     .write_with_attrs = pflash_mem_write_with_attrs,
693     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
694 };
695 
696 static void pflash_cfi01_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
697 {
698     ERRP_GUARD();
699     PFlashCFI01 *pfl = PFLASH_CFI01(dev);
700     uint64_t total_len;
701     int ret;
702     uint64_t blocks_per_device, sector_len_per_device, device_len;
703     int num_devices;
704 
705     if (pfl->sector_len == 0) {
706         error_setg(errp, "attribute \"sector-length\" not specified or zero.");
707         return;
708     }
709     if (pfl->nb_blocs == 0) {
710         error_setg(errp, "attribute \"num-blocks\" not specified or zero.");
711         return;
712     }
713     if (pfl->name == NULL) {
714         error_setg(errp, "attribute \"name\" not specified.");
715         return;
716     }
717 
718     total_len = pfl->sector_len * pfl->nb_blocs;
719 
720     /* These are only used to expose the parameters of each device
721      * in the cfi_table[].
722      */
723     num_devices = pfl->device_width ? (pfl->bank_width / pfl->device_width) : 1;
724     if (pfl->old_multiple_chip_handling) {
725         blocks_per_device = pfl->nb_blocs / num_devices;
726         sector_len_per_device = pfl->sector_len;
727     } else {
728         blocks_per_device = pfl->nb_blocs;
729         sector_len_per_device = pfl->sector_len / num_devices;
730     }
731     device_len = sector_len_per_device * blocks_per_device;
732 
733     memory_region_init_rom_device(
734         &pfl->mem, OBJECT(dev),
735         &pflash_cfi01_ops,
736         pfl,
737         pfl->name, total_len, errp);
738     if (*errp) {
739         return;
740     }
741 
742     pfl->storage = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&pfl->mem);
743     sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &pfl->mem);
744 
745     if (pfl->blk) {
746         uint64_t perm;
747         pfl->ro = blk_is_read_only(pfl->blk);
748         perm = BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ | (pfl->ro ? 0 : BLK_PERM_WRITE);
749         ret = blk_set_perm(pfl->blk, perm, BLK_PERM_ALL, errp);
750         if (ret < 0) {
751             return;
752         }
753     } else {
754         pfl->ro = 0;
755     }
756 
757     if (pfl->blk) {
758         if (!blk_check_size_and_read_all(pfl->blk, pfl->storage, total_len,
759                                          errp)) {
760             vmstate_unregister_ram(&pfl->mem, DEVICE(pfl));
761             return;
762         }
763     }
764 
765     /* Default to devices being used at their maximum device width. This was
766      * assumed before the device_width support was added.
767      */
768     if (!pfl->max_device_width) {
769         pfl->max_device_width = pfl->device_width;
770     }
771 
772     pfl->wcycle = 0;
773     /*
774      * The command 0x00 is not assigned by the CFI open standard,
775      * but QEMU historically uses it for the READ_ARRAY command (0xff).
776      */
777     pfl->cmd = 0x00;
778     pfl->status = 0x80; /* WSM ready */
779     /* Hardcoded CFI table */
780     /* Standard "QRY" string */
781     pfl->cfi_table[0x10] = 'Q';
782     pfl->cfi_table[0x11] = 'R';
783     pfl->cfi_table[0x12] = 'Y';
784     /* Command set (Intel) */
785     pfl->cfi_table[0x13] = 0x01;
786     pfl->cfi_table[0x14] = 0x00;
787     /* Primary extended table address (none) */
788     pfl->cfi_table[0x15] = 0x31;
789     pfl->cfi_table[0x16] = 0x00;
790     /* Alternate command set (none) */
791     pfl->cfi_table[0x17] = 0x00;
792     pfl->cfi_table[0x18] = 0x00;
793     /* Alternate extended table (none) */
794     pfl->cfi_table[0x19] = 0x00;
795     pfl->cfi_table[0x1A] = 0x00;
796     /* Vcc min */
797     pfl->cfi_table[0x1B] = 0x45;
798     /* Vcc max */
799     pfl->cfi_table[0x1C] = 0x55;
800     /* Vpp min (no Vpp pin) */
801     pfl->cfi_table[0x1D] = 0x00;
802     /* Vpp max (no Vpp pin) */
803     pfl->cfi_table[0x1E] = 0x00;
804     /* Reserved */
805     pfl->cfi_table[0x1F] = 0x07;
806     /* Timeout for min size buffer write */
807     pfl->cfi_table[0x20] = 0x07;
808     /* Typical timeout for block erase */
809     pfl->cfi_table[0x21] = 0x0a;
810     /* Typical timeout for full chip erase (4096 ms) */
811     pfl->cfi_table[0x22] = 0x00;
812     /* Reserved */
813     pfl->cfi_table[0x23] = 0x04;
814     /* Max timeout for buffer write */
815     pfl->cfi_table[0x24] = 0x04;
816     /* Max timeout for block erase */
817     pfl->cfi_table[0x25] = 0x04;
818     /* Max timeout for chip erase */
819     pfl->cfi_table[0x26] = 0x00;
820     /* Device size */
821     pfl->cfi_table[0x27] = ctz32(device_len); /* + 1; */
822     /* Flash device interface (8 & 16 bits) */
823     pfl->cfi_table[0x28] = 0x02;
824     pfl->cfi_table[0x29] = 0x00;
825     /* Max number of bytes in multi-bytes write */
826     if (pfl->bank_width == 1) {
827         pfl->cfi_table[0x2A] = 0x08;
828     } else {
829         pfl->cfi_table[0x2A] = 0x0B;
830     }
831     pfl->writeblock_size = 1 << pfl->cfi_table[0x2A];
832     if (!pfl->old_multiple_chip_handling && num_devices > 1) {
833         pfl->writeblock_size *= num_devices;
834     }
835 
836     pfl->cfi_table[0x2B] = 0x00;
837     /* Number of erase block regions (uniform) */
838     pfl->cfi_table[0x2C] = 0x01;
839     /* Erase block region 1 */
840     pfl->cfi_table[0x2D] = blocks_per_device - 1;
841     pfl->cfi_table[0x2E] = (blocks_per_device - 1) >> 8;
842     pfl->cfi_table[0x2F] = sector_len_per_device >> 8;
843     pfl->cfi_table[0x30] = sector_len_per_device >> 16;
844 
845     /* Extended */
846     pfl->cfi_table[0x31] = 'P';
847     pfl->cfi_table[0x32] = 'R';
848     pfl->cfi_table[0x33] = 'I';
849 
850     pfl->cfi_table[0x34] = '1';
851     pfl->cfi_table[0x35] = '0';
852 
853     pfl->cfi_table[0x36] = 0x00;
854     pfl->cfi_table[0x37] = 0x00;
855     pfl->cfi_table[0x38] = 0x00;
856     pfl->cfi_table[0x39] = 0x00;
857 
858     pfl->cfi_table[0x3a] = 0x00;
859 
860     pfl->cfi_table[0x3b] = 0x00;
861     pfl->cfi_table[0x3c] = 0x00;
862 
863     pfl->cfi_table[0x3f] = 0x01; /* Number of protection fields */
864 }
865 
866 static void pflash_cfi01_system_reset(DeviceState *dev)
867 {
868     PFlashCFI01 *pfl = PFLASH_CFI01(dev);
869 
870     /*
871      * The command 0x00 is not assigned by the CFI open standard,
872      * but QEMU historically uses it for the READ_ARRAY command (0xff).
873      */
874     pfl->cmd = 0x00;
875     pfl->wcycle = 0;
876     memory_region_rom_device_set_romd(&pfl->mem, true);
877     /*
878      * The WSM ready timer occurs at most 150ns after system reset.
879      * This model deliberately ignores this delay.
880      */
881     pfl->status = 0x80;
882 }
883 
884 static Property pflash_cfi01_properties[] = {
885     DEFINE_PROP_DRIVE("drive", PFlashCFI01, blk),
886     /* num-blocks is the number of blocks actually visible to the guest,
887      * ie the total size of the device divided by the sector length.
888      * If we're emulating flash devices wired in parallel the actual
889      * number of blocks per indvidual device will differ.
890      */
891     DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("num-blocks", PFlashCFI01, nb_blocs, 0),
892     DEFINE_PROP_UINT64("sector-length", PFlashCFI01, sector_len, 0),
893     /* width here is the overall width of this QEMU device in bytes.
894      * The QEMU device may be emulating a number of flash devices
895      * wired up in parallel; the width of each individual flash
896      * device should be specified via device-width. If the individual
897      * devices have a maximum width which is greater than the width
898      * they are being used for, this maximum width should be set via
899      * max-device-width (which otherwise defaults to device-width).
900      * So for instance a 32-bit wide QEMU flash device made from four
901      * 16-bit flash devices used in 8-bit wide mode would be configured
902      * with width = 4, device-width = 1, max-device-width = 2.
903      *
904      * If device-width is not specified we default to backwards
905      * compatible behaviour which is a bad emulation of two
906      * 16 bit devices making up a 32 bit wide QEMU device. This
907      * is deprecated for new uses of this device.
908      */
909     DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("width", PFlashCFI01, bank_width, 0),
910     DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("device-width", PFlashCFI01, device_width, 0),
911     DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("max-device-width", PFlashCFI01, max_device_width, 0),
912     DEFINE_PROP_BIT("big-endian", PFlashCFI01, features, PFLASH_BE, 0),
913     DEFINE_PROP_BIT("secure", PFlashCFI01, features, PFLASH_SECURE, 0),
914     DEFINE_PROP_UINT16("id0", PFlashCFI01, ident0, 0),
915     DEFINE_PROP_UINT16("id1", PFlashCFI01, ident1, 0),
916     DEFINE_PROP_UINT16("id2", PFlashCFI01, ident2, 0),
917     DEFINE_PROP_UINT16("id3", PFlashCFI01, ident3, 0),
918     DEFINE_PROP_STRING("name", PFlashCFI01, name),
919     DEFINE_PROP_BOOL("old-multiple-chip-handling", PFlashCFI01,
920                      old_multiple_chip_handling, false),
921     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
922 };
923 
924 static void pflash_cfi01_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
925 {
926     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
927 
928     dc->reset = pflash_cfi01_system_reset;
929     dc->realize = pflash_cfi01_realize;
930     device_class_set_props(dc, pflash_cfi01_properties);
931     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_pflash;
932     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
933 }
934 
935 
936 static const TypeInfo pflash_cfi01_info = {
937     .name           = TYPE_PFLASH_CFI01,
938     .parent         = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
939     .instance_size  = sizeof(PFlashCFI01),
940     .class_init     = pflash_cfi01_class_init,
941 };
942 
943 static void pflash_cfi01_register_types(void)
944 {
945     type_register_static(&pflash_cfi01_info);
946 }
947 
948 type_init(pflash_cfi01_register_types)
949 
950 PFlashCFI01 *pflash_cfi01_register(hwaddr base,
951                                    const char *name,
952                                    hwaddr size,
953                                    BlockBackend *blk,
954                                    uint32_t sector_len,
955                                    int bank_width,
956                                    uint16_t id0, uint16_t id1,
957                                    uint16_t id2, uint16_t id3,
958                                    int be)
959 {
960     DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PFLASH_CFI01);
961 
962     if (blk) {
963         qdev_prop_set_drive(dev, "drive", blk);
964     }
965     assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(size, sector_len));
966     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-blocks", size / sector_len);
967     qdev_prop_set_uint64(dev, "sector-length", sector_len);
968     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "width", bank_width);
969     qdev_prop_set_bit(dev, "big-endian", !!be);
970     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id0", id0);
971     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id1", id1);
972     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id2", id2);
973     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id3", id3);
974     qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "name", name);
975     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
976 
977     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, base);
978     return PFLASH_CFI01(dev);
979 }
980 
981 BlockBackend *pflash_cfi01_get_blk(PFlashCFI01 *fl)
982 {
983     return fl->blk;
984 }
985 
986 MemoryRegion *pflash_cfi01_get_memory(PFlashCFI01 *fl)
987 {
988     return &fl->mem;
989 }
990 
991 /*
992  * Handle -drive if=pflash for machines that use properties.
993  * If @dinfo is null, do nothing.
994  * Else if @fl's property "drive" is already set, fatal error.
995  * Else set it to the BlockBackend with @dinfo.
996  */
997 void pflash_cfi01_legacy_drive(PFlashCFI01 *fl, DriveInfo *dinfo)
998 {
999     Location loc;
1000 
1001     if (!dinfo) {
1002         return;
1003     }
1004 
1005     loc_push_none(&loc);
1006     qemu_opts_loc_restore(dinfo->opts);
1007     if (fl->blk) {
1008         error_report("clashes with -machine");
1009         exit(1);
1010     }
1011     qdev_prop_set_drive_err(DEVICE(fl), "drive", blk_by_legacy_dinfo(dinfo),
1012                             &error_fatal);
1013     loc_pop(&loc);
1014 }
1015 
1016 static void postload_update_cb(void *opaque, int running, RunState state)
1017 {
1018     PFlashCFI01 *pfl = opaque;
1019 
1020     /* This is called after bdrv_invalidate_cache_all.  */
1021     qemu_del_vm_change_state_handler(pfl->vmstate);
1022     pfl->vmstate = NULL;
1023 
1024     DPRINTF("%s: updating bdrv for %s\n", __func__, pfl->name);
1025     pflash_update(pfl, 0, pfl->sector_len * pfl->nb_blocs);
1026 }
1027 
1028 static int pflash_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
1029 {
1030     PFlashCFI01 *pfl = opaque;
1031 
1032     if (!pfl->ro) {
1033         pfl->vmstate = qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler(postload_update_cb,
1034                                                         pfl);
1035     }
1036     return 0;
1037 }
1038