xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/block/dataplane/xen-block.c (revision 51e47cf8)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2018  Citrix Systems Inc.
3  * (c) Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
4  *
5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7  * the Free Software Foundation; under version 2 of the License.
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
12  * GNU General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
15  * with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16  *
17  * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
18  * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
19  */
20 
21 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
22 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
23 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
24 #include "qemu/memalign.h"
25 #include "qapi/error.h"
26 #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
27 #include "hw/block/xen_blkif.h"
28 #include "hw/xen/interface/io/ring.h"
29 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
30 #include "sysemu/iothread.h"
31 #include "xen-block.h"
32 
33 typedef struct XenBlockRequest {
34     blkif_request_t req;
35     int16_t status;
36     off_t start;
37     QEMUIOVector v;
38     void *buf;
39     size_t size;
40     int presync;
41     int aio_inflight;
42     int aio_errors;
43     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane;
44     QLIST_ENTRY(XenBlockRequest) list;
45     BlockAcctCookie acct;
46 } XenBlockRequest;
47 
48 struct XenBlockDataPlane {
49     XenDevice *xendev;
50     XenEventChannel *event_channel;
51     unsigned int *ring_ref;
52     unsigned int nr_ring_ref;
53     void *sring;
54     int protocol;
55     blkif_back_rings_t rings;
56     int more_work;
57     QLIST_HEAD(inflight_head, XenBlockRequest) inflight;
58     QLIST_HEAD(freelist_head, XenBlockRequest) freelist;
59     int requests_total;
60     int requests_inflight;
61     unsigned int max_requests;
62     BlockBackend *blk;
63     unsigned int sector_size;
64     QEMUBH *bh;
65     IOThread *iothread;
66     AioContext *ctx;
67 };
68 
69 static int xen_block_send_response(XenBlockRequest *request);
70 
71 static void reset_request(XenBlockRequest *request)
72 {
73     memset(&request->req, 0, sizeof(request->req));
74     request->status = 0;
75     request->start = 0;
76     request->size = 0;
77     request->presync = 0;
78 
79     request->aio_inflight = 0;
80     request->aio_errors = 0;
81 
82     request->dataplane = NULL;
83     memset(&request->list, 0, sizeof(request->list));
84     memset(&request->acct, 0, sizeof(request->acct));
85 
86     qemu_iovec_reset(&request->v);
87 }
88 
89 static XenBlockRequest *xen_block_start_request(XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane)
90 {
91     XenBlockRequest *request = NULL;
92 
93     if (QLIST_EMPTY(&dataplane->freelist)) {
94         if (dataplane->requests_total >= dataplane->max_requests) {
95             goto out;
96         }
97         /* allocate new struct */
98         request = g_malloc0(sizeof(*request));
99         request->dataplane = dataplane;
100         /*
101          * We cannot need more pages per requests than this, and since we
102          * re-use requests, allocate the memory once here. It will be freed
103          * xen_block_dataplane_destroy() when the request list is freed.
104          */
105         request->buf = qemu_memalign(XEN_PAGE_SIZE,
106                                      BLKIF_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST *
107                                      XEN_PAGE_SIZE);
108         dataplane->requests_total++;
109         qemu_iovec_init(&request->v, 1);
110     } else {
111         /* get one from freelist */
112         request = QLIST_FIRST(&dataplane->freelist);
113         QLIST_REMOVE(request, list);
114     }
115     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&dataplane->inflight, request, list);
116     dataplane->requests_inflight++;
117 
118 out:
119     return request;
120 }
121 
122 static void xen_block_complete_request(XenBlockRequest *request)
123 {
124     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane = request->dataplane;
125 
126     if (xen_block_send_response(request)) {
127         Error *local_err = NULL;
128 
129         xen_device_notify_event_channel(dataplane->xendev,
130                                         dataplane->event_channel,
131                                         &local_err);
132         if (local_err) {
133             error_report_err(local_err);
134         }
135     }
136 
137     QLIST_REMOVE(request, list);
138     dataplane->requests_inflight--;
139     reset_request(request);
140     request->dataplane = dataplane;
141     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&dataplane->freelist, request, list);
142 }
143 
144 /*
145  * translate request into iovec + start offset
146  * do sanity checks along the way
147  */
148 static int xen_block_parse_request(XenBlockRequest *request)
149 {
150     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane = request->dataplane;
151     size_t len;
152     int i;
153 
154     switch (request->req.operation) {
155     case BLKIF_OP_READ:
156         break;
157     case BLKIF_OP_FLUSH_DISKCACHE:
158         request->presync = 1;
159         if (!request->req.nr_segments) {
160             return 0;
161         }
162         /* fall through */
163     case BLKIF_OP_WRITE:
164         break;
165     case BLKIF_OP_DISCARD:
166         return 0;
167     default:
168         error_report("error: unknown operation (%d)", request->req.operation);
169         goto err;
170     };
171 
172     if (request->req.operation != BLKIF_OP_READ &&
173         !blk_is_writable(dataplane->blk)) {
174         error_report("error: write req for ro device");
175         goto err;
176     }
177 
178     request->start = request->req.sector_number * dataplane->sector_size;
179     for (i = 0; i < request->req.nr_segments; i++) {
180         if (i == BLKIF_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST) {
181             error_report("error: nr_segments too big");
182             goto err;
183         }
184         if (request->req.seg[i].first_sect > request->req.seg[i].last_sect) {
185             error_report("error: first > last sector");
186             goto err;
187         }
188         if (request->req.seg[i].last_sect * dataplane->sector_size >=
189             XEN_PAGE_SIZE) {
190             error_report("error: page crossing");
191             goto err;
192         }
193 
194         len = (request->req.seg[i].last_sect -
195                request->req.seg[i].first_sect + 1) * dataplane->sector_size;
196         request->size += len;
197     }
198     if (request->start + request->size > blk_getlength(dataplane->blk)) {
199         error_report("error: access beyond end of file");
200         goto err;
201     }
202     return 0;
203 
204 err:
205     request->status = BLKIF_RSP_ERROR;
206     return -1;
207 }
208 
209 static int xen_block_copy_request(XenBlockRequest *request)
210 {
211     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane = request->dataplane;
212     XenDevice *xendev = dataplane->xendev;
213     XenDeviceGrantCopySegment segs[BLKIF_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST];
214     int i, count;
215     bool to_domain = (request->req.operation == BLKIF_OP_READ);
216     void *virt = request->buf;
217     Error *local_err = NULL;
218 
219     if (request->req.nr_segments == 0) {
220         return 0;
221     }
222 
223     count = request->req.nr_segments;
224 
225     for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
226         if (to_domain) {
227             segs[i].dest.foreign.ref = request->req.seg[i].gref;
228             segs[i].dest.foreign.offset = request->req.seg[i].first_sect *
229                 dataplane->sector_size;
230             segs[i].source.virt = virt;
231         } else {
232             segs[i].source.foreign.ref = request->req.seg[i].gref;
233             segs[i].source.foreign.offset = request->req.seg[i].first_sect *
234                 dataplane->sector_size;
235             segs[i].dest.virt = virt;
236         }
237         segs[i].len = (request->req.seg[i].last_sect -
238                        request->req.seg[i].first_sect + 1) *
239                       dataplane->sector_size;
240         virt += segs[i].len;
241     }
242 
243     xen_device_copy_grant_refs(xendev, to_domain, segs, count, &local_err);
244 
245     if (local_err) {
246         error_reportf_err(local_err, "failed to copy data: ");
247 
248         request->aio_errors++;
249         return -1;
250     }
251 
252     return 0;
253 }
254 
255 static int xen_block_do_aio(XenBlockRequest *request);
256 
257 static void xen_block_complete_aio(void *opaque, int ret)
258 {
259     XenBlockRequest *request = opaque;
260     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane = request->dataplane;
261 
262     aio_context_acquire(dataplane->ctx);
263 
264     if (ret != 0) {
265         error_report("%s I/O error",
266                      request->req.operation == BLKIF_OP_READ ?
267                      "read" : "write");
268         request->aio_errors++;
269     }
270 
271     request->aio_inflight--;
272     if (request->presync) {
273         request->presync = 0;
274         xen_block_do_aio(request);
275         goto done;
276     }
277     if (request->aio_inflight > 0) {
278         goto done;
279     }
280 
281     switch (request->req.operation) {
282     case BLKIF_OP_READ:
283         /* in case of failure request->aio_errors is increased */
284         if (ret == 0) {
285             xen_block_copy_request(request);
286         }
287         break;
288     case BLKIF_OP_WRITE:
289     case BLKIF_OP_FLUSH_DISKCACHE:
290     default:
291         break;
292     }
293 
294     request->status = request->aio_errors ? BLKIF_RSP_ERROR : BLKIF_RSP_OKAY;
295 
296     switch (request->req.operation) {
297     case BLKIF_OP_WRITE:
298     case BLKIF_OP_FLUSH_DISKCACHE:
299         if (!request->req.nr_segments) {
300             break;
301         }
302         /* fall through */
303     case BLKIF_OP_READ:
304         if (request->status == BLKIF_RSP_OKAY) {
305             block_acct_done(blk_get_stats(dataplane->blk), &request->acct);
306         } else {
307             block_acct_failed(blk_get_stats(dataplane->blk), &request->acct);
308         }
309         break;
310     case BLKIF_OP_DISCARD:
311     default:
312         break;
313     }
314 
315     xen_block_complete_request(request);
316 
317     if (dataplane->more_work) {
318         qemu_bh_schedule(dataplane->bh);
319     }
320 
321 done:
322     aio_context_release(dataplane->ctx);
323 }
324 
325 static bool xen_block_split_discard(XenBlockRequest *request,
326                                     blkif_sector_t sector_number,
327                                     uint64_t nr_sectors)
328 {
329     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane = request->dataplane;
330     int64_t byte_offset;
331     int byte_chunk;
332     uint64_t byte_remaining;
333     uint64_t sec_start = sector_number;
334     uint64_t sec_count = nr_sectors;
335 
336     /* Wrap around, or overflowing byte limit? */
337     if (sec_start + sec_count < sec_count ||
338         sec_start + sec_count > INT64_MAX / dataplane->sector_size) {
339         return false;
340     }
341 
342     byte_offset = sec_start * dataplane->sector_size;
343     byte_remaining = sec_count * dataplane->sector_size;
344 
345     do {
346         byte_chunk = byte_remaining > BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES ?
347             BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_BYTES : byte_remaining;
348         request->aio_inflight++;
349         blk_aio_pdiscard(dataplane->blk, byte_offset, byte_chunk,
350                          xen_block_complete_aio, request);
351         byte_remaining -= byte_chunk;
352         byte_offset += byte_chunk;
353     } while (byte_remaining > 0);
354 
355     return true;
356 }
357 
358 static int xen_block_do_aio(XenBlockRequest *request)
359 {
360     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane = request->dataplane;
361 
362     if (request->req.nr_segments &&
363         (request->req.operation == BLKIF_OP_WRITE ||
364          request->req.operation == BLKIF_OP_FLUSH_DISKCACHE) &&
365         xen_block_copy_request(request)) {
366         goto err;
367     }
368 
369     request->aio_inflight++;
370     if (request->presync) {
371         blk_aio_flush(request->dataplane->blk, xen_block_complete_aio,
372                       request);
373         return 0;
374     }
375 
376     switch (request->req.operation) {
377     case BLKIF_OP_READ:
378         qemu_iovec_add(&request->v, request->buf, request->size);
379         block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(dataplane->blk), &request->acct,
380                          request->v.size, BLOCK_ACCT_READ);
381         request->aio_inflight++;
382         blk_aio_preadv(dataplane->blk, request->start, &request->v, 0,
383                        xen_block_complete_aio, request);
384         break;
385     case BLKIF_OP_WRITE:
386     case BLKIF_OP_FLUSH_DISKCACHE:
387         if (!request->req.nr_segments) {
388             break;
389         }
390 
391         qemu_iovec_add(&request->v, request->buf, request->size);
392         block_acct_start(blk_get_stats(dataplane->blk), &request->acct,
393                          request->v.size,
394                          request->req.operation == BLKIF_OP_WRITE ?
395                          BLOCK_ACCT_WRITE : BLOCK_ACCT_FLUSH);
396         request->aio_inflight++;
397         blk_aio_pwritev(dataplane->blk, request->start, &request->v, 0,
398                         xen_block_complete_aio, request);
399         break;
400     case BLKIF_OP_DISCARD:
401     {
402         struct blkif_request_discard *req = (void *)&request->req;
403         if (!xen_block_split_discard(request, req->sector_number,
404                                      req->nr_sectors)) {
405             goto err;
406         }
407         break;
408     }
409     default:
410         /* unknown operation (shouldn't happen -- parse catches this) */
411         goto err;
412     }
413 
414     xen_block_complete_aio(request, 0);
415 
416     return 0;
417 
418 err:
419     request->status = BLKIF_RSP_ERROR;
420     xen_block_complete_request(request);
421     return -1;
422 }
423 
424 static int xen_block_send_response(XenBlockRequest *request)
425 {
426     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane = request->dataplane;
427     int send_notify = 0;
428     int have_requests = 0;
429     blkif_response_t *resp;
430 
431     /* Place on the response ring for the relevant domain. */
432     switch (dataplane->protocol) {
433     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_NATIVE:
434         resp = (blkif_response_t *)RING_GET_RESPONSE(
435             &dataplane->rings.native,
436             dataplane->rings.native.rsp_prod_pvt);
437         break;
438     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_32:
439         resp = (blkif_response_t *)RING_GET_RESPONSE(
440             &dataplane->rings.x86_32_part,
441             dataplane->rings.x86_32_part.rsp_prod_pvt);
442         break;
443     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_64:
444         resp = (blkif_response_t *)RING_GET_RESPONSE(
445             &dataplane->rings.x86_64_part,
446             dataplane->rings.x86_64_part.rsp_prod_pvt);
447         break;
448     default:
449         return 0;
450     }
451 
452     resp->id = request->req.id;
453     resp->operation = request->req.operation;
454     resp->status = request->status;
455 
456     dataplane->rings.common.rsp_prod_pvt++;
457 
458     RING_PUSH_RESPONSES_AND_CHECK_NOTIFY(&dataplane->rings.common,
459                                          send_notify);
460     if (dataplane->rings.common.rsp_prod_pvt ==
461         dataplane->rings.common.req_cons) {
462         /*
463          * Tail check for pending requests. Allows frontend to avoid
464          * notifications if requests are already in flight (lower
465          * overheads and promotes batching).
466          */
467         RING_FINAL_CHECK_FOR_REQUESTS(&dataplane->rings.common,
468                                       have_requests);
469     } else if (RING_HAS_UNCONSUMED_REQUESTS(&dataplane->rings.common)) {
470         have_requests = 1;
471     }
472 
473     if (have_requests) {
474         dataplane->more_work++;
475     }
476     return send_notify;
477 }
478 
479 static int xen_block_get_request(XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane,
480                                  XenBlockRequest *request, RING_IDX rc)
481 {
482     switch (dataplane->protocol) {
483     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_NATIVE: {
484         blkif_request_t *req =
485             RING_GET_REQUEST(&dataplane->rings.native, rc);
486 
487         memcpy(&request->req, req, sizeof(request->req));
488         break;
489     }
490     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_32: {
491         blkif_x86_32_request_t *req =
492             RING_GET_REQUEST(&dataplane->rings.x86_32_part, rc);
493 
494         blkif_get_x86_32_req(&request->req, req);
495         break;
496     }
497     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_64: {
498         blkif_x86_64_request_t *req =
499             RING_GET_REQUEST(&dataplane->rings.x86_64_part, rc);
500 
501         blkif_get_x86_64_req(&request->req, req);
502         break;
503     }
504     }
505     /* Prevent the compiler from accessing the on-ring fields instead. */
506     barrier();
507     return 0;
508 }
509 
510 /*
511  * Threshold of in-flight requests above which we will start using
512  * blk_io_plug()/blk_io_unplug() to batch requests.
513  */
514 #define IO_PLUG_THRESHOLD 1
515 
516 static bool xen_block_handle_requests(XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane)
517 {
518     RING_IDX rc, rp;
519     XenBlockRequest *request;
520     int inflight_atstart = dataplane->requests_inflight;
521     int batched = 0;
522     bool done_something = false;
523 
524     dataplane->more_work = 0;
525 
526     rc = dataplane->rings.common.req_cons;
527     rp = dataplane->rings.common.sring->req_prod;
528     xen_rmb(); /* Ensure we see queued requests up to 'rp'. */
529 
530     /*
531      * If there was more than IO_PLUG_THRESHOLD requests in flight
532      * when we got here, this is an indication that there the bottleneck
533      * is below us, so it's worth beginning to batch up I/O requests
534      * rather than submitting them immediately. The maximum number
535      * of requests we're willing to batch is the number already in
536      * flight, so it can grow up to max_requests when the bottleneck
537      * is below us.
538      */
539     if (inflight_atstart > IO_PLUG_THRESHOLD) {
540         blk_io_plug(dataplane->blk);
541     }
542     while (rc != rp) {
543         /* pull request from ring */
544         if (RING_REQUEST_CONS_OVERFLOW(&dataplane->rings.common, rc)) {
545             break;
546         }
547         request = xen_block_start_request(dataplane);
548         if (request == NULL) {
549             dataplane->more_work++;
550             break;
551         }
552         xen_block_get_request(dataplane, request, rc);
553         dataplane->rings.common.req_cons = ++rc;
554         done_something = true;
555 
556         /* parse them */
557         if (xen_block_parse_request(request) != 0) {
558             switch (request->req.operation) {
559             case BLKIF_OP_READ:
560                 block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(dataplane->blk),
561                                    BLOCK_ACCT_READ);
562                 break;
563             case BLKIF_OP_WRITE:
564                 block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(dataplane->blk),
565                                    BLOCK_ACCT_WRITE);
566                 break;
567             case BLKIF_OP_FLUSH_DISKCACHE:
568                 block_acct_invalid(blk_get_stats(dataplane->blk),
569                                    BLOCK_ACCT_FLUSH);
570             default:
571                 break;
572             };
573 
574             xen_block_complete_request(request);
575             continue;
576         }
577 
578         if (inflight_atstart > IO_PLUG_THRESHOLD &&
579             batched >= inflight_atstart) {
580             blk_io_unplug(dataplane->blk);
581         }
582         xen_block_do_aio(request);
583         if (inflight_atstart > IO_PLUG_THRESHOLD) {
584             if (batched >= inflight_atstart) {
585                 blk_io_plug(dataplane->blk);
586                 batched = 0;
587             } else {
588                 batched++;
589             }
590         }
591     }
592     if (inflight_atstart > IO_PLUG_THRESHOLD) {
593         blk_io_unplug(dataplane->blk);
594     }
595 
596     return done_something;
597 }
598 
599 static void xen_block_dataplane_bh(void *opaque)
600 {
601     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane = opaque;
602 
603     aio_context_acquire(dataplane->ctx);
604     xen_block_handle_requests(dataplane);
605     aio_context_release(dataplane->ctx);
606 }
607 
608 static bool xen_block_dataplane_event(void *opaque)
609 {
610     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane = opaque;
611 
612     return xen_block_handle_requests(dataplane);
613 }
614 
615 XenBlockDataPlane *xen_block_dataplane_create(XenDevice *xendev,
616                                               BlockBackend *blk,
617                                               unsigned int sector_size,
618                                               IOThread *iothread)
619 {
620     XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane = g_new0(XenBlockDataPlane, 1);
621 
622     dataplane->xendev = xendev;
623     dataplane->blk = blk;
624     dataplane->sector_size = sector_size;
625 
626     QLIST_INIT(&dataplane->inflight);
627     QLIST_INIT(&dataplane->freelist);
628 
629     if (iothread) {
630         dataplane->iothread = iothread;
631         object_ref(OBJECT(dataplane->iothread));
632         dataplane->ctx = iothread_get_aio_context(dataplane->iothread);
633     } else {
634         dataplane->ctx = qemu_get_aio_context();
635     }
636     dataplane->bh = aio_bh_new_guarded(dataplane->ctx, xen_block_dataplane_bh,
637                                        dataplane,
638                                        &DEVICE(xendev)->mem_reentrancy_guard);
639 
640     return dataplane;
641 }
642 
643 void xen_block_dataplane_destroy(XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane)
644 {
645     XenBlockRequest *request;
646 
647     if (!dataplane) {
648         return;
649     }
650 
651     while (!QLIST_EMPTY(&dataplane->freelist)) {
652         request = QLIST_FIRST(&dataplane->freelist);
653         QLIST_REMOVE(request, list);
654         qemu_iovec_destroy(&request->v);
655         qemu_vfree(request->buf);
656         g_free(request);
657     }
658 
659     qemu_bh_delete(dataplane->bh);
660     if (dataplane->iothread) {
661         object_unref(OBJECT(dataplane->iothread));
662     }
663 
664     g_free(dataplane);
665 }
666 
667 void xen_block_dataplane_stop(XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane)
668 {
669     XenDevice *xendev;
670 
671     if (!dataplane) {
672         return;
673     }
674 
675     xendev = dataplane->xendev;
676 
677     aio_context_acquire(dataplane->ctx);
678     if (dataplane->event_channel) {
679         /* Only reason for failure is a NULL channel */
680         xen_device_set_event_channel_context(xendev, dataplane->event_channel,
681                                              qemu_get_aio_context(),
682                                              &error_abort);
683     }
684     /* Xen doesn't have multiple users for nodes, so this can't fail */
685     blk_set_aio_context(dataplane->blk, qemu_get_aio_context(), &error_abort);
686     aio_context_release(dataplane->ctx);
687 
688     /*
689      * Now that the context has been moved onto the main thread, cancel
690      * further processing.
691      */
692     qemu_bh_cancel(dataplane->bh);
693 
694     if (dataplane->event_channel) {
695         Error *local_err = NULL;
696 
697         xen_device_unbind_event_channel(xendev, dataplane->event_channel,
698                                         &local_err);
699         dataplane->event_channel = NULL;
700 
701         if (local_err) {
702             error_report_err(local_err);
703         }
704     }
705 
706     if (dataplane->sring) {
707         Error *local_err = NULL;
708 
709         xen_device_unmap_grant_refs(xendev, dataplane->sring,
710                                     dataplane->ring_ref,
711                                     dataplane->nr_ring_ref, &local_err);
712         dataplane->sring = NULL;
713 
714         if (local_err) {
715             error_report_err(local_err);
716         }
717     }
718 
719     g_free(dataplane->ring_ref);
720     dataplane->ring_ref = NULL;
721 }
722 
723 void xen_block_dataplane_start(XenBlockDataPlane *dataplane,
724                                const unsigned int ring_ref[],
725                                unsigned int nr_ring_ref,
726                                unsigned int event_channel,
727                                unsigned int protocol,
728                                Error **errp)
729 {
730     ERRP_GUARD();
731     XenDevice *xendev = dataplane->xendev;
732     AioContext *old_context;
733     unsigned int ring_size;
734     unsigned int i;
735 
736     dataplane->nr_ring_ref = nr_ring_ref;
737     dataplane->ring_ref = g_new(unsigned int, nr_ring_ref);
738 
739     for (i = 0; i < nr_ring_ref; i++) {
740         dataplane->ring_ref[i] = ring_ref[i];
741     }
742 
743     dataplane->protocol = protocol;
744 
745     ring_size = XEN_PAGE_SIZE * dataplane->nr_ring_ref;
746     switch (dataplane->protocol) {
747     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_NATIVE:
748     {
749         dataplane->max_requests = __CONST_RING_SIZE(blkif, ring_size);
750         break;
751     }
752     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_32:
753     {
754         dataplane->max_requests = __CONST_RING_SIZE(blkif_x86_32, ring_size);
755         break;
756     }
757     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_64:
758     {
759         dataplane->max_requests = __CONST_RING_SIZE(blkif_x86_64, ring_size);
760         break;
761     }
762     default:
763         error_setg(errp, "unknown protocol %u", dataplane->protocol);
764         return;
765     }
766 
767     xen_device_set_max_grant_refs(xendev, dataplane->nr_ring_ref,
768                                   errp);
769     if (*errp) {
770         goto stop;
771     }
772 
773     dataplane->sring = xen_device_map_grant_refs(xendev,
774                                               dataplane->ring_ref,
775                                               dataplane->nr_ring_ref,
776                                               PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
777                                               errp);
778     if (*errp) {
779         goto stop;
780     }
781 
782     switch (dataplane->protocol) {
783     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_NATIVE:
784     {
785         blkif_sring_t *sring_native = dataplane->sring;
786 
787         BACK_RING_INIT(&dataplane->rings.native, sring_native, ring_size);
788         break;
789     }
790     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_32:
791     {
792         blkif_x86_32_sring_t *sring_x86_32 = dataplane->sring;
793 
794         BACK_RING_INIT(&dataplane->rings.x86_32_part, sring_x86_32,
795                        ring_size);
796         break;
797     }
798     case BLKIF_PROTOCOL_X86_64:
799     {
800         blkif_x86_64_sring_t *sring_x86_64 = dataplane->sring;
801 
802         BACK_RING_INIT(&dataplane->rings.x86_64_part, sring_x86_64,
803                        ring_size);
804         break;
805     }
806     }
807 
808     dataplane->event_channel =
809         xen_device_bind_event_channel(xendev, event_channel,
810                                       xen_block_dataplane_event, dataplane,
811                                       errp);
812     if (*errp) {
813         goto stop;
814     }
815 
816     old_context = blk_get_aio_context(dataplane->blk);
817     aio_context_acquire(old_context);
818     /* If other users keep the BlockBackend in the iothread, that's ok */
819     blk_set_aio_context(dataplane->blk, dataplane->ctx, NULL);
820     aio_context_release(old_context);
821 
822     /* Only reason for failure is a NULL channel */
823     aio_context_acquire(dataplane->ctx);
824     xen_device_set_event_channel_context(xendev, dataplane->event_channel,
825                                          dataplane->ctx, &error_abort);
826     aio_context_release(dataplane->ctx);
827 
828     return;
829 
830 stop:
831     xen_block_dataplane_stop(dataplane);
832 }
833