xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/arm/virt.c (revision c74138c6)
1 /*
2  * ARM mach-virt emulation
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2013 Linaro Limited
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
7  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
8  * version 2 or later, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
9  *
10  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
11  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
12  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
13  * more details.
14  *
15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
16  * this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
17  *
18  * Emulate a virtual board which works by passing Linux all the information
19  * it needs about what devices are present via the device tree.
20  * There are some restrictions about what we can do here:
21  *  + we can only present devices whose Linux drivers will work based
22  *    purely on the device tree with no platform data at all
23  *  + we want to present a very stripped-down minimalist platform,
24  *    both because this reduces the security attack surface from the guest
25  *    and also because it reduces our exposure to being broken when
26  *    the kernel updates its device tree bindings and requires further
27  *    information in a device binding that we aren't providing.
28  * This is essentially the same approach kvmtool uses.
29  */
30 
31 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
32 #include "qemu/datadir.h"
33 #include "qemu/units.h"
34 #include "qemu/option.h"
35 #include "monitor/qdev.h"
36 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
37 #include "hw/arm/boot.h"
38 #include "hw/arm/primecell.h"
39 #include "hw/arm/virt.h"
40 #include "hw/block/flash.h"
41 #include "hw/vfio/vfio-calxeda-xgmac.h"
42 #include "hw/vfio/vfio-amd-xgbe.h"
43 #include "hw/display/ramfb.h"
44 #include "net/net.h"
45 #include "sysemu/device_tree.h"
46 #include "sysemu/numa.h"
47 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
48 #include "sysemu/tpm.h"
49 #include "sysemu/tcg.h"
50 #include "sysemu/kvm.h"
51 #include "sysemu/hvf.h"
52 #include "sysemu/qtest.h"
53 #include "hw/loader.h"
54 #include "qapi/error.h"
55 #include "qemu/bitops.h"
56 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
57 #include "qemu/module.h"
58 #include "hw/pci-host/gpex.h"
59 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-pci.h"
60 #include "hw/core/sysbus-fdt.h"
61 #include "hw/platform-bus.h"
62 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
63 #include "hw/arm/fdt.h"
64 #include "hw/intc/arm_gic.h"
65 #include "hw/intc/arm_gicv3_common.h"
66 #include "hw/intc/arm_gicv3_its_common.h"
67 #include "hw/irq.h"
68 #include "kvm_arm.h"
69 #include "hw/firmware/smbios.h"
70 #include "qapi/visitor.h"
71 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-common.h"
72 #include "standard-headers/linux/input.h"
73 #include "hw/arm/smmuv3.h"
74 #include "hw/acpi/acpi.h"
75 #include "target/arm/internals.h"
76 #include "hw/mem/memory-device.h"
77 #include "hw/mem/pc-dimm.h"
78 #include "hw/mem/nvdimm.h"
79 #include "hw/acpi/generic_event_device.h"
80 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-mem-pci.h"
81 #include "hw/virtio/virtio-iommu.h"
82 #include "hw/char/pl011.h"
83 #include "qemu/guest-random.h"
84 
85 #define DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE_LATEST(major, minor, latest) \
86     static void virt_##major##_##minor##_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, \
87                                                     void *data) \
88     { \
89         MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc); \
90         virt_machine_##major##_##minor##_options(mc); \
91         mc->desc = "QEMU " # major "." # minor " ARM Virtual Machine"; \
92         if (latest) { \
93             mc->alias = "virt"; \
94         } \
95     } \
96     static const TypeInfo machvirt_##major##_##minor##_info = { \
97         .name = MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("virt-" # major "." # minor), \
98         .parent = TYPE_VIRT_MACHINE, \
99         .class_init = virt_##major##_##minor##_class_init, \
100     }; \
101     static void machvirt_machine_##major##_##minor##_init(void) \
102     { \
103         type_register_static(&machvirt_##major##_##minor##_info); \
104     } \
105     type_init(machvirt_machine_##major##_##minor##_init);
106 
107 #define DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE_AS_LATEST(major, minor) \
108     DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE_LATEST(major, minor, true)
109 #define DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(major, minor) \
110     DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE_LATEST(major, minor, false)
111 
112 
113 /* Number of external interrupt lines to configure the GIC with */
114 #define NUM_IRQS 256
115 
116 #define PLATFORM_BUS_NUM_IRQS 64
117 
118 /* Legacy RAM limit in GB (< version 4.0) */
119 #define LEGACY_RAMLIMIT_GB 255
120 #define LEGACY_RAMLIMIT_BYTES (LEGACY_RAMLIMIT_GB * GiB)
121 
122 /* Addresses and sizes of our components.
123  * 0..128MB is space for a flash device so we can run bootrom code such as UEFI.
124  * 128MB..256MB is used for miscellaneous device I/O.
125  * 256MB..1GB is reserved for possible future PCI support (ie where the
126  * PCI memory window will go if we add a PCI host controller).
127  * 1GB and up is RAM (which may happily spill over into the
128  * high memory region beyond 4GB).
129  * This represents a compromise between how much RAM can be given to
130  * a 32 bit VM and leaving space for expansion and in particular for PCI.
131  * Note that devices should generally be placed at multiples of 0x10000,
132  * to accommodate guests using 64K pages.
133  */
134 static const MemMapEntry base_memmap[] = {
135     /* Space up to 0x8000000 is reserved for a boot ROM */
136     [VIRT_FLASH] =              {          0, 0x08000000 },
137     [VIRT_CPUPERIPHS] =         { 0x08000000, 0x00020000 },
138     /* GIC distributor and CPU interfaces sit inside the CPU peripheral space */
139     [VIRT_GIC_DIST] =           { 0x08000000, 0x00010000 },
140     [VIRT_GIC_CPU] =            { 0x08010000, 0x00010000 },
141     [VIRT_GIC_V2M] =            { 0x08020000, 0x00001000 },
142     [VIRT_GIC_HYP] =            { 0x08030000, 0x00010000 },
143     [VIRT_GIC_VCPU] =           { 0x08040000, 0x00010000 },
144     /* The space in between here is reserved for GICv3 CPU/vCPU/HYP */
145     [VIRT_GIC_ITS] =            { 0x08080000, 0x00020000 },
146     /* This redistributor space allows up to 2*64kB*123 CPUs */
147     [VIRT_GIC_REDIST] =         { 0x080A0000, 0x00F60000 },
148     [VIRT_UART] =               { 0x09000000, 0x00001000 },
149     [VIRT_RTC] =                { 0x09010000, 0x00001000 },
150     [VIRT_FW_CFG] =             { 0x09020000, 0x00000018 },
151     [VIRT_GPIO] =               { 0x09030000, 0x00001000 },
152     [VIRT_SECURE_UART] =        { 0x09040000, 0x00001000 },
153     [VIRT_SMMU] =               { 0x09050000, 0x00020000 },
154     [VIRT_PCDIMM_ACPI] =        { 0x09070000, MEMORY_HOTPLUG_IO_LEN },
155     [VIRT_ACPI_GED] =           { 0x09080000, ACPI_GED_EVT_SEL_LEN },
156     [VIRT_NVDIMM_ACPI] =        { 0x09090000, NVDIMM_ACPI_IO_LEN},
157     [VIRT_PVTIME] =             { 0x090a0000, 0x00010000 },
158     [VIRT_SECURE_GPIO] =        { 0x090b0000, 0x00001000 },
159     [VIRT_MMIO] =               { 0x0a000000, 0x00000200 },
160     /* ...repeating for a total of NUM_VIRTIO_TRANSPORTS, each of that size */
161     [VIRT_PLATFORM_BUS] =       { 0x0c000000, 0x02000000 },
162     [VIRT_SECURE_MEM] =         { 0x0e000000, 0x01000000 },
163     [VIRT_PCIE_MMIO] =          { 0x10000000, 0x2eff0000 },
164     [VIRT_PCIE_PIO] =           { 0x3eff0000, 0x00010000 },
165     [VIRT_PCIE_ECAM] =          { 0x3f000000, 0x01000000 },
166     /* Actual RAM size depends on initial RAM and device memory settings */
167     [VIRT_MEM] =                { GiB, LEGACY_RAMLIMIT_BYTES },
168 };
169 
170 /*
171  * Highmem IO Regions: This memory map is floating, located after the RAM.
172  * Each MemMapEntry base (GPA) will be dynamically computed, depending on the
173  * top of the RAM, so that its base get the same alignment as the size,
174  * ie. a 512GiB entry will be aligned on a 512GiB boundary. If there is
175  * less than 256GiB of RAM, the floating area starts at the 256GiB mark.
176  * Note the extended_memmap is sized so that it eventually also includes the
177  * base_memmap entries (VIRT_HIGH_GIC_REDIST2 index is greater than the last
178  * index of base_memmap).
179  *
180  * The memory map for these Highmem IO Regions can be in legacy or compact
181  * layout, depending on 'compact-highmem' property. With legacy layout, the
182  * PA space for one specific region is always reserved, even if the region
183  * has been disabled or doesn't fit into the PA space. However, the PA space
184  * for the region won't be reserved in these circumstances with compact layout.
185  */
186 static MemMapEntry extended_memmap[] = {
187     /* Additional 64 MB redist region (can contain up to 512 redistributors) */
188     [VIRT_HIGH_GIC_REDIST2] =   { 0x0, 64 * MiB },
189     [VIRT_HIGH_PCIE_ECAM] =     { 0x0, 256 * MiB },
190     /* Second PCIe window */
191     [VIRT_HIGH_PCIE_MMIO] =     { 0x0, 512 * GiB },
192 };
193 
194 static const int a15irqmap[] = {
195     [VIRT_UART] = 1,
196     [VIRT_RTC] = 2,
197     [VIRT_PCIE] = 3, /* ... to 6 */
198     [VIRT_GPIO] = 7,
199     [VIRT_SECURE_UART] = 8,
200     [VIRT_ACPI_GED] = 9,
201     [VIRT_MMIO] = 16, /* ...to 16 + NUM_VIRTIO_TRANSPORTS - 1 */
202     [VIRT_GIC_V2M] = 48, /* ...to 48 + NUM_GICV2M_SPIS - 1 */
203     [VIRT_SMMU] = 74,    /* ...to 74 + NUM_SMMU_IRQS - 1 */
204     [VIRT_PLATFORM_BUS] = 112, /* ...to 112 + PLATFORM_BUS_NUM_IRQS -1 */
205 };
206 
207 static const char *valid_cpus[] = {
208 #ifdef CONFIG_TCG
209     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a7"),
210     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a15"),
211     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a35"),
212     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a55"),
213     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a72"),
214     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a76"),
215     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("a64fx"),
216     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("neoverse-n1"),
217     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("neoverse-v1"),
218 #endif
219     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a53"),
220     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a57"),
221     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("host"),
222     ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("max"),
223 };
224 
225 static bool cpu_type_valid(const char *cpu)
226 {
227     int i;
228 
229     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(valid_cpus); i++) {
230         if (strcmp(cpu, valid_cpus[i]) == 0) {
231             return true;
232         }
233     }
234     return false;
235 }
236 
237 static void create_randomness(MachineState *ms, const char *node)
238 {
239     struct {
240         uint64_t kaslr;
241         uint8_t rng[32];
242     } seed;
243 
244     if (qemu_guest_getrandom(&seed, sizeof(seed), NULL)) {
245         return;
246     }
247     qemu_fdt_setprop_u64(ms->fdt, node, "kaslr-seed", seed.kaslr);
248     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, node, "rng-seed", seed.rng, sizeof(seed.rng));
249 }
250 
251 static void create_fdt(VirtMachineState *vms)
252 {
253     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
254     int nb_numa_nodes = ms->numa_state->num_nodes;
255     void *fdt = create_device_tree(&vms->fdt_size);
256 
257     if (!fdt) {
258         error_report("create_device_tree() failed");
259         exit(1);
260     }
261 
262     ms->fdt = fdt;
263 
264     /* Header */
265     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/", "compatible", "linux,dummy-virt");
266     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells", 0x2);
267     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells", 0x2);
268     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/", "model", "linux,dummy-virt");
269 
270     /* /chosen must exist for load_dtb to fill in necessary properties later */
271     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/chosen");
272     if (vms->dtb_randomness) {
273         create_randomness(ms, "/chosen");
274     }
275 
276     if (vms->secure) {
277         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/secure-chosen");
278         if (vms->dtb_randomness) {
279             create_randomness(ms, "/secure-chosen");
280         }
281     }
282 
283     /* Clock node, for the benefit of the UART. The kernel device tree
284      * binding documentation claims the PL011 node clock properties are
285      * optional but in practice if you omit them the kernel refuses to
286      * probe for the device.
287      */
288     vms->clock_phandle = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(fdt);
289     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/apb-pclk");
290     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "compatible", "fixed-clock");
291     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "#clock-cells", 0x0);
292     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "clock-frequency", 24000000);
293     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "clock-output-names",
294                                 "clk24mhz");
295     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "phandle", vms->clock_phandle);
296 
297     if (nb_numa_nodes > 0 && ms->numa_state->have_numa_distance) {
298         int size = nb_numa_nodes * nb_numa_nodes * 3 * sizeof(uint32_t);
299         uint32_t *matrix = g_malloc0(size);
300         int idx, i, j;
301 
302         for (i = 0; i < nb_numa_nodes; i++) {
303             for (j = 0; j < nb_numa_nodes; j++) {
304                 idx = (i * nb_numa_nodes + j) * 3;
305                 matrix[idx + 0] = cpu_to_be32(i);
306                 matrix[idx + 1] = cpu_to_be32(j);
307                 matrix[idx + 2] =
308                     cpu_to_be32(ms->numa_state->nodes[i].distance[j]);
309             }
310         }
311 
312         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/distance-map");
313         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/distance-map", "compatible",
314                                 "numa-distance-map-v1");
315         qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/distance-map", "distance-matrix",
316                          matrix, size);
317         g_free(matrix);
318     }
319 }
320 
321 static void fdt_add_timer_nodes(const VirtMachineState *vms)
322 {
323     /* On real hardware these interrupts are level-triggered.
324      * On KVM they were edge-triggered before host kernel version 4.4,
325      * and level-triggered afterwards.
326      * On emulated QEMU they are level-triggered.
327      *
328      * Getting the DTB info about them wrong is awkward for some
329      * guest kernels:
330      *  pre-4.8 ignore the DT and leave the interrupt configured
331      *   with whatever the GIC reset value (or the bootloader) left it at
332      *  4.8 before rc6 honour the incorrect data by programming it back
333      *   into the GIC, causing problems
334      *  4.8rc6 and later ignore the DT and always write "level triggered"
335      *   into the GIC
336      *
337      * For backwards-compatibility, virt-2.8 and earlier will continue
338      * to say these are edge-triggered, but later machines will report
339      * the correct information.
340      */
341     ARMCPU *armcpu;
342     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(vms);
343     uint32_t irqflags = GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_LEVEL_HI;
344     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
345 
346     if (vmc->claim_edge_triggered_timers) {
347         irqflags = GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_EDGE_LO_HI;
348     }
349 
350     if (vms->gic_version == VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2) {
351         irqflags = deposit32(irqflags, GIC_FDT_IRQ_PPI_CPU_START,
352                              GIC_FDT_IRQ_PPI_CPU_WIDTH,
353                              (1 << MACHINE(vms)->smp.cpus) - 1);
354     }
355 
356     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, "/timer");
357 
358     armcpu = ARM_CPU(qemu_get_cpu(0));
359     if (arm_feature(&armcpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_V8)) {
360         const char compat[] = "arm,armv8-timer\0arm,armv7-timer";
361         qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, "/timer", "compatible",
362                          compat, sizeof(compat));
363     } else {
364         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, "/timer", "compatible",
365                                 "arm,armv7-timer");
366     }
367     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, "/timer", "always-on", NULL, 0);
368     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, "/timer", "interrupts",
369                        GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, ARCH_TIMER_S_EL1_IRQ, irqflags,
370                        GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, ARCH_TIMER_NS_EL1_IRQ, irqflags,
371                        GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, ARCH_TIMER_VIRT_IRQ, irqflags,
372                        GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, ARCH_TIMER_NS_EL2_IRQ, irqflags);
373 }
374 
375 static void fdt_add_cpu_nodes(const VirtMachineState *vms)
376 {
377     int cpu;
378     int addr_cells = 1;
379     const MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
380     const VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(vms);
381     int smp_cpus = ms->smp.cpus;
382 
383     /*
384      * See Linux Documentation/devicetree/bindings/arm/cpus.yaml
385      * On ARM v8 64-bit systems value should be set to 2,
386      * that corresponds to the MPIDR_EL1 register size.
387      * If MPIDR_EL1[63:32] value is equal to 0 on all CPUs
388      * in the system, #address-cells can be set to 1, since
389      * MPIDR_EL1[63:32] bits are not used for CPUs
390      * identification.
391      *
392      * Here we actually don't know whether our system is 32- or 64-bit one.
393      * The simplest way to go is to examine affinity IDs of all our CPUs. If
394      * at least one of them has Aff3 populated, we set #address-cells to 2.
395      */
396     for (cpu = 0; cpu < smp_cpus; cpu++) {
397         ARMCPU *armcpu = ARM_CPU(qemu_get_cpu(cpu));
398 
399         if (armcpu->mp_affinity & ARM_AFF3_MASK) {
400             addr_cells = 2;
401             break;
402         }
403     }
404 
405     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, "/cpus");
406     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, "/cpus", "#address-cells", addr_cells);
407     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, "/cpus", "#size-cells", 0x0);
408 
409     for (cpu = smp_cpus - 1; cpu >= 0; cpu--) {
410         char *nodename = g_strdup_printf("/cpus/cpu@%d", cpu);
411         ARMCPU *armcpu = ARM_CPU(qemu_get_cpu(cpu));
412         CPUState *cs = CPU(armcpu);
413 
414         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
415         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "device_type", "cpu");
416         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible",
417                                     armcpu->dtb_compatible);
418 
419         if (vms->psci_conduit != QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_DISABLED && smp_cpus > 1) {
420             qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename,
421                                         "enable-method", "psci");
422         }
423 
424         if (addr_cells == 2) {
425             qemu_fdt_setprop_u64(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
426                                  armcpu->mp_affinity);
427         } else {
428             qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
429                                   armcpu->mp_affinity);
430         }
431 
432         if (ms->possible_cpus->cpus[cs->cpu_index].props.has_node_id) {
433             qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "numa-node-id",
434                 ms->possible_cpus->cpus[cs->cpu_index].props.node_id);
435         }
436 
437         if (!vmc->no_cpu_topology) {
438             qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "phandle",
439                                   qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(ms->fdt));
440         }
441 
442         g_free(nodename);
443     }
444 
445     if (!vmc->no_cpu_topology) {
446         /*
447          * Add vCPU topology description through fdt node cpu-map.
448          *
449          * See Linux Documentation/devicetree/bindings/cpu/cpu-topology.txt
450          * In a SMP system, the hierarchy of CPUs can be defined through
451          * four entities that are used to describe the layout of CPUs in
452          * the system: socket/cluster/core/thread.
453          *
454          * A socket node represents the boundary of system physical package
455          * and its child nodes must be one or more cluster nodes. A system
456          * can contain several layers of clustering within a single physical
457          * package and cluster nodes can be contained in parent cluster nodes.
458          *
459          * Note: currently we only support one layer of clustering within
460          * each physical package.
461          */
462         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, "/cpus/cpu-map");
463 
464         for (cpu = smp_cpus - 1; cpu >= 0; cpu--) {
465             char *cpu_path = g_strdup_printf("/cpus/cpu@%d", cpu);
466             char *map_path;
467 
468             if (ms->smp.threads > 1) {
469                 map_path = g_strdup_printf(
470                     "/cpus/cpu-map/socket%d/cluster%d/core%d/thread%d",
471                     cpu / (ms->smp.clusters * ms->smp.cores * ms->smp.threads),
472                     (cpu / (ms->smp.cores * ms->smp.threads)) % ms->smp.clusters,
473                     (cpu / ms->smp.threads) % ms->smp.cores,
474                     cpu % ms->smp.threads);
475             } else {
476                 map_path = g_strdup_printf(
477                     "/cpus/cpu-map/socket%d/cluster%d/core%d",
478                     cpu / (ms->smp.clusters * ms->smp.cores),
479                     (cpu / ms->smp.cores) % ms->smp.clusters,
480                     cpu % ms->smp.cores);
481             }
482             qemu_fdt_add_path(ms->fdt, map_path);
483             qemu_fdt_setprop_phandle(ms->fdt, map_path, "cpu", cpu_path);
484 
485             g_free(map_path);
486             g_free(cpu_path);
487         }
488     }
489 }
490 
491 static void fdt_add_its_gic_node(VirtMachineState *vms)
492 {
493     char *nodename;
494     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
495 
496     vms->msi_phandle = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(ms->fdt);
497     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/intc/its@%" PRIx64,
498                                vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_ITS].base);
499     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
500     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible",
501                             "arm,gic-v3-its");
502     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "msi-controller", NULL, 0);
503     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "#msi-cells", 1);
504     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
505                                  2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_ITS].base,
506                                  2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_ITS].size);
507     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "phandle", vms->msi_phandle);
508     g_free(nodename);
509 }
510 
511 static void fdt_add_v2m_gic_node(VirtMachineState *vms)
512 {
513     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
514     char *nodename;
515 
516     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/intc/v2m@%" PRIx64,
517                                vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_V2M].base);
518     vms->msi_phandle = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(ms->fdt);
519     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
520     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible",
521                             "arm,gic-v2m-frame");
522     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "msi-controller", NULL, 0);
523     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
524                                  2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_V2M].base,
525                                  2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_V2M].size);
526     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "phandle", vms->msi_phandle);
527     g_free(nodename);
528 }
529 
530 static void fdt_add_gic_node(VirtMachineState *vms)
531 {
532     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
533     char *nodename;
534 
535     vms->gic_phandle = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(ms->fdt);
536     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, "/", "interrupt-parent", vms->gic_phandle);
537 
538     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/intc@%" PRIx64,
539                                vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].base);
540     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
541     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "#interrupt-cells", 3);
542     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0);
543     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "#address-cells", 0x2);
544     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "#size-cells", 0x2);
545     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "ranges", NULL, 0);
546     if (vms->gic_version != VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2) {
547         int nb_redist_regions = virt_gicv3_redist_region_count(vms);
548 
549         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible",
550                                 "arm,gic-v3");
551 
552         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename,
553                               "#redistributor-regions", nb_redist_regions);
554 
555         if (nb_redist_regions == 1) {
556             qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
557                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].base,
558                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].size,
559                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_REDIST].base,
560                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_REDIST].size);
561         } else {
562             qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
563                                  2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].base,
564                                  2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].size,
565                                  2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_REDIST].base,
566                                  2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_REDIST].size,
567                                  2, vms->memmap[VIRT_HIGH_GIC_REDIST2].base,
568                                  2, vms->memmap[VIRT_HIGH_GIC_REDIST2].size);
569         }
570 
571         if (vms->virt) {
572             qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupts",
573                                    GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, ARCH_GIC_MAINT_IRQ,
574                                    GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_LEVEL_HI);
575         }
576     } else {
577         /* 'cortex-a15-gic' means 'GIC v2' */
578         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible",
579                                 "arm,cortex-a15-gic");
580         if (!vms->virt) {
581             qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
582                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].base,
583                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].size,
584                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_CPU].base,
585                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_CPU].size);
586         } else {
587             qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
588                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].base,
589                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].size,
590                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_CPU].base,
591                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_CPU].size,
592                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_HYP].base,
593                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_HYP].size,
594                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_VCPU].base,
595                                          2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_VCPU].size);
596             qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupts",
597                                    GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, ARCH_GIC_MAINT_IRQ,
598                                    GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_LEVEL_HI);
599         }
600     }
601 
602     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "phandle", vms->gic_phandle);
603     g_free(nodename);
604 }
605 
606 static void fdt_add_pmu_nodes(const VirtMachineState *vms)
607 {
608     ARMCPU *armcpu = ARM_CPU(first_cpu);
609     uint32_t irqflags = GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_LEVEL_HI;
610     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
611 
612     if (!arm_feature(&armcpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_PMU)) {
613         assert(!object_property_get_bool(OBJECT(armcpu), "pmu", NULL));
614         return;
615     }
616 
617     if (vms->gic_version == VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2) {
618         irqflags = deposit32(irqflags, GIC_FDT_IRQ_PPI_CPU_START,
619                              GIC_FDT_IRQ_PPI_CPU_WIDTH,
620                              (1 << MACHINE(vms)->smp.cpus) - 1);
621     }
622 
623     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, "/pmu");
624     if (arm_feature(&armcpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_V8)) {
625         const char compat[] = "arm,armv8-pmuv3";
626         qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, "/pmu", "compatible",
627                          compat, sizeof(compat));
628         qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, "/pmu", "interrupts",
629                                GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, VIRTUAL_PMU_IRQ, irqflags);
630     }
631 }
632 
633 static inline DeviceState *create_acpi_ged(VirtMachineState *vms)
634 {
635     DeviceState *dev;
636     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
637     int irq = vms->irqmap[VIRT_ACPI_GED];
638     uint32_t event = ACPI_GED_PWR_DOWN_EVT;
639 
640     if (ms->ram_slots) {
641         event |= ACPI_GED_MEM_HOTPLUG_EVT;
642     }
643 
644     if (ms->nvdimms_state->is_enabled) {
645         event |= ACPI_GED_NVDIMM_HOTPLUG_EVT;
646     }
647 
648     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_ACPI_GED);
649     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "ged-event", event);
650 
651     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, vms->memmap[VIRT_ACPI_GED].base);
652     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 1, vms->memmap[VIRT_PCDIMM_ACPI].base);
653     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
654 
655     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
656 
657     return dev;
658 }
659 
660 static void create_its(VirtMachineState *vms)
661 {
662     const char *itsclass = its_class_name();
663     DeviceState *dev;
664 
665     if (!strcmp(itsclass, "arm-gicv3-its")) {
666         if (!vms->tcg_its) {
667             itsclass = NULL;
668         }
669     }
670 
671     if (!itsclass) {
672         /* Do nothing if not supported */
673         return;
674     }
675 
676     dev = qdev_new(itsclass);
677 
678     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev), "parent-gicv3", OBJECT(vms->gic),
679                              &error_abort);
680     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
681     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_ITS].base);
682 
683     fdt_add_its_gic_node(vms);
684     vms->msi_controller = VIRT_MSI_CTRL_ITS;
685 }
686 
687 static void create_v2m(VirtMachineState *vms)
688 {
689     int i;
690     int irq = vms->irqmap[VIRT_GIC_V2M];
691     DeviceState *dev;
692 
693     dev = qdev_new("arm-gicv2m");
694     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_V2M].base);
695     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "base-spi", irq);
696     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-spi", NUM_GICV2M_SPIS);
697     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
698 
699     for (i = 0; i < NUM_GICV2M_SPIS; i++) {
700         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
701                            qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq + i));
702     }
703 
704     fdt_add_v2m_gic_node(vms);
705     vms->msi_controller = VIRT_MSI_CTRL_GICV2M;
706 }
707 
708 static void create_gic(VirtMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *mem)
709 {
710     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
711     /* We create a standalone GIC */
712     SysBusDevice *gicbusdev;
713     const char *gictype;
714     int i;
715     unsigned int smp_cpus = ms->smp.cpus;
716     uint32_t nb_redist_regions = 0;
717     int revision;
718 
719     if (vms->gic_version == VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2) {
720         gictype = gic_class_name();
721     } else {
722         gictype = gicv3_class_name();
723     }
724 
725     switch (vms->gic_version) {
726     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2:
727         revision = 2;
728         break;
729     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3:
730         revision = 3;
731         break;
732     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_4:
733         revision = 4;
734         break;
735     default:
736         g_assert_not_reached();
737     }
738     vms->gic = qdev_new(gictype);
739     qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "revision", revision);
740     qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "num-cpu", smp_cpus);
741     /* Note that the num-irq property counts both internal and external
742      * interrupts; there are always 32 of the former (mandated by GIC spec).
743      */
744     qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "num-irq", NUM_IRQS + 32);
745     if (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
746         qdev_prop_set_bit(vms->gic, "has-security-extensions", vms->secure);
747     }
748 
749     if (vms->gic_version != VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2) {
750         uint32_t redist0_capacity = virt_redist_capacity(vms, VIRT_GIC_REDIST);
751         uint32_t redist0_count = MIN(smp_cpus, redist0_capacity);
752 
753         nb_redist_regions = virt_gicv3_redist_region_count(vms);
754 
755         qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "len-redist-region-count",
756                              nb_redist_regions);
757         qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "redist-region-count[0]", redist0_count);
758 
759         if (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
760             if (vms->tcg_its) {
761                 object_property_set_link(OBJECT(vms->gic), "sysmem",
762                                          OBJECT(mem), &error_fatal);
763                 qdev_prop_set_bit(vms->gic, "has-lpi", true);
764             }
765         }
766 
767         if (nb_redist_regions == 2) {
768             uint32_t redist1_capacity =
769                 virt_redist_capacity(vms, VIRT_HIGH_GIC_REDIST2);
770 
771             qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "redist-region-count[1]",
772                 MIN(smp_cpus - redist0_count, redist1_capacity));
773         }
774     } else {
775         if (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
776             qdev_prop_set_bit(vms->gic, "has-virtualization-extensions",
777                               vms->virt);
778         }
779     }
780     gicbusdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(vms->gic);
781     sysbus_realize_and_unref(gicbusdev, &error_fatal);
782     sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 0, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].base);
783     if (vms->gic_version != VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2) {
784         sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 1, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_REDIST].base);
785         if (nb_redist_regions == 2) {
786             sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 2,
787                             vms->memmap[VIRT_HIGH_GIC_REDIST2].base);
788         }
789     } else {
790         sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 1, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_CPU].base);
791         if (vms->virt) {
792             sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 2, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_HYP].base);
793             sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 3, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_VCPU].base);
794         }
795     }
796 
797     /* Wire the outputs from each CPU's generic timer and the GICv3
798      * maintenance interrupt signal to the appropriate GIC PPI inputs,
799      * and the GIC's IRQ/FIQ/VIRQ/VFIQ interrupt outputs to the CPU's inputs.
800      */
801     for (i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {
802         DeviceState *cpudev = DEVICE(qemu_get_cpu(i));
803         int ppibase = NUM_IRQS + i * GIC_INTERNAL + GIC_NR_SGIS;
804         int irq;
805         /* Mapping from the output timer irq lines from the CPU to the
806          * GIC PPI inputs we use for the virt board.
807          */
808         const int timer_irq[] = {
809             [GTIMER_PHYS] = ARCH_TIMER_NS_EL1_IRQ,
810             [GTIMER_VIRT] = ARCH_TIMER_VIRT_IRQ,
811             [GTIMER_HYP]  = ARCH_TIMER_NS_EL2_IRQ,
812             [GTIMER_SEC]  = ARCH_TIMER_S_EL1_IRQ,
813         };
814 
815         for (irq = 0; irq < ARRAY_SIZE(timer_irq); irq++) {
816             qdev_connect_gpio_out(cpudev, irq,
817                                   qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic,
818                                                    ppibase + timer_irq[irq]));
819         }
820 
821         if (vms->gic_version != VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2) {
822             qemu_irq irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic,
823                                             ppibase + ARCH_GIC_MAINT_IRQ);
824             qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(cpudev, "gicv3-maintenance-interrupt",
825                                         0, irq);
826         } else if (vms->virt) {
827             qemu_irq irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic,
828                                             ppibase + ARCH_GIC_MAINT_IRQ);
829             sysbus_connect_irq(gicbusdev, i + 4 * smp_cpus, irq);
830         }
831 
832         qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(cpudev, "pmu-interrupt", 0,
833                                     qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, ppibase
834                                                      + VIRTUAL_PMU_IRQ));
835 
836         sysbus_connect_irq(gicbusdev, i, qdev_get_gpio_in(cpudev, ARM_CPU_IRQ));
837         sysbus_connect_irq(gicbusdev, i + smp_cpus,
838                            qdev_get_gpio_in(cpudev, ARM_CPU_FIQ));
839         sysbus_connect_irq(gicbusdev, i + 2 * smp_cpus,
840                            qdev_get_gpio_in(cpudev, ARM_CPU_VIRQ));
841         sysbus_connect_irq(gicbusdev, i + 3 * smp_cpus,
842                            qdev_get_gpio_in(cpudev, ARM_CPU_VFIQ));
843     }
844 
845     fdt_add_gic_node(vms);
846 
847     if (vms->gic_version != VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2 && vms->its) {
848         create_its(vms);
849     } else if (vms->gic_version == VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2) {
850         create_v2m(vms);
851     }
852 }
853 
854 static void create_uart(const VirtMachineState *vms, int uart,
855                         MemoryRegion *mem, Chardev *chr)
856 {
857     char *nodename;
858     hwaddr base = vms->memmap[uart].base;
859     hwaddr size = vms->memmap[uart].size;
860     int irq = vms->irqmap[uart];
861     const char compat[] = "arm,pl011\0arm,primecell";
862     const char clocknames[] = "uartclk\0apb_pclk";
863     DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PL011);
864     SysBusDevice *s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
865     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
866 
867     qdev_prop_set_chr(dev, "chardev", chr);
868     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
869     memory_region_add_subregion(mem, base,
870                                 sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 0));
871     sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
872 
873     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/pl011@%" PRIx64, base);
874     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
875     /* Note that we can't use setprop_string because of the embedded NUL */
876     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible",
877                          compat, sizeof(compat));
878     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
879                                      2, base, 2, size);
880     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupts",
881                                GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq,
882                                GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_LEVEL_HI);
883     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "clocks",
884                                vms->clock_phandle, vms->clock_phandle);
885     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "clock-names",
886                          clocknames, sizeof(clocknames));
887 
888     if (uart == VIRT_UART) {
889         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, "/chosen", "stdout-path", nodename);
890     } else {
891         /* Mark as not usable by the normal world */
892         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "status", "disabled");
893         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "secure-status", "okay");
894 
895         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, "/secure-chosen", "stdout-path",
896                                 nodename);
897     }
898 
899     g_free(nodename);
900 }
901 
902 static void create_rtc(const VirtMachineState *vms)
903 {
904     char *nodename;
905     hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VIRT_RTC].base;
906     hwaddr size = vms->memmap[VIRT_RTC].size;
907     int irq = vms->irqmap[VIRT_RTC];
908     const char compat[] = "arm,pl031\0arm,primecell";
909     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
910 
911     sysbus_create_simple("pl031", base, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
912 
913     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/pl031@%" PRIx64, base);
914     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
915     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible", compat, sizeof(compat));
916     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
917                                  2, base, 2, size);
918     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupts",
919                            GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq,
920                            GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_LEVEL_HI);
921     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "clocks", vms->clock_phandle);
922     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "clock-names", "apb_pclk");
923     g_free(nodename);
924 }
925 
926 static DeviceState *gpio_key_dev;
927 static void virt_powerdown_req(Notifier *n, void *opaque)
928 {
929     VirtMachineState *s = container_of(n, VirtMachineState, powerdown_notifier);
930 
931     if (s->acpi_dev) {
932         acpi_send_event(s->acpi_dev, ACPI_POWER_DOWN_STATUS);
933     } else {
934         /* use gpio Pin 3 for power button event */
935         qemu_set_irq(qdev_get_gpio_in(gpio_key_dev, 0), 1);
936     }
937 }
938 
939 static void create_gpio_keys(char *fdt, DeviceState *pl061_dev,
940                              uint32_t phandle)
941 {
942     gpio_key_dev = sysbus_create_simple("gpio-key", -1,
943                                         qdev_get_gpio_in(pl061_dev, 3));
944 
945     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/gpio-keys");
946     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/gpio-keys", "compatible", "gpio-keys");
947 
948     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/gpio-keys/poweroff");
949     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/gpio-keys/poweroff",
950                             "label", "GPIO Key Poweroff");
951     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/gpio-keys/poweroff", "linux,code",
952                           KEY_POWER);
953     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, "/gpio-keys/poweroff",
954                            "gpios", phandle, 3, 0);
955 }
956 
957 #define SECURE_GPIO_POWEROFF 0
958 #define SECURE_GPIO_RESET    1
959 
960 static void create_secure_gpio_pwr(char *fdt, DeviceState *pl061_dev,
961                                    uint32_t phandle)
962 {
963     DeviceState *gpio_pwr_dev;
964 
965     /* gpio-pwr */
966     gpio_pwr_dev = sysbus_create_simple("gpio-pwr", -1, NULL);
967 
968     /* connect secure pl061 to gpio-pwr */
969     qdev_connect_gpio_out(pl061_dev, SECURE_GPIO_RESET,
970                           qdev_get_gpio_in_named(gpio_pwr_dev, "reset", 0));
971     qdev_connect_gpio_out(pl061_dev, SECURE_GPIO_POWEROFF,
972                           qdev_get_gpio_in_named(gpio_pwr_dev, "shutdown", 0));
973 
974     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/gpio-poweroff");
975     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/gpio-poweroff", "compatible",
976                             "gpio-poweroff");
977     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, "/gpio-poweroff",
978                            "gpios", phandle, SECURE_GPIO_POWEROFF, 0);
979     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/gpio-poweroff", "status", "disabled");
980     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/gpio-poweroff", "secure-status",
981                             "okay");
982 
983     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/gpio-restart");
984     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/gpio-restart", "compatible",
985                             "gpio-restart");
986     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, "/gpio-restart",
987                            "gpios", phandle, SECURE_GPIO_RESET, 0);
988     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/gpio-restart", "status", "disabled");
989     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/gpio-restart", "secure-status",
990                             "okay");
991 }
992 
993 static void create_gpio_devices(const VirtMachineState *vms, int gpio,
994                                 MemoryRegion *mem)
995 {
996     char *nodename;
997     DeviceState *pl061_dev;
998     hwaddr base = vms->memmap[gpio].base;
999     hwaddr size = vms->memmap[gpio].size;
1000     int irq = vms->irqmap[gpio];
1001     const char compat[] = "arm,pl061\0arm,primecell";
1002     SysBusDevice *s;
1003     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1004 
1005     pl061_dev = qdev_new("pl061");
1006     /* Pull lines down to 0 if not driven by the PL061 */
1007     qdev_prop_set_uint32(pl061_dev, "pullups", 0);
1008     qdev_prop_set_uint32(pl061_dev, "pulldowns", 0xff);
1009     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl061_dev);
1010     sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
1011     memory_region_add_subregion(mem, base, sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 0));
1012     sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
1013 
1014     uint32_t phandle = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(ms->fdt);
1015     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/pl061@%" PRIx64, base);
1016     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
1017     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
1018                                  2, base, 2, size);
1019     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible", compat, sizeof(compat));
1020     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "#gpio-cells", 2);
1021     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "gpio-controller", NULL, 0);
1022     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupts",
1023                            GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq,
1024                            GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_LEVEL_HI);
1025     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "clocks", vms->clock_phandle);
1026     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "clock-names", "apb_pclk");
1027     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "phandle", phandle);
1028 
1029     if (gpio != VIRT_GPIO) {
1030         /* Mark as not usable by the normal world */
1031         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "status", "disabled");
1032         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "secure-status", "okay");
1033     }
1034     g_free(nodename);
1035 
1036     /* Child gpio devices */
1037     if (gpio == VIRT_GPIO) {
1038         create_gpio_keys(ms->fdt, pl061_dev, phandle);
1039     } else {
1040         create_secure_gpio_pwr(ms->fdt, pl061_dev, phandle);
1041     }
1042 }
1043 
1044 static void create_virtio_devices(const VirtMachineState *vms)
1045 {
1046     int i;
1047     hwaddr size = vms->memmap[VIRT_MMIO].size;
1048     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1049 
1050     /* We create the transports in forwards order. Since qbus_realize()
1051      * prepends (not appends) new child buses, the incrementing loop below will
1052      * create a list of virtio-mmio buses with decreasing base addresses.
1053      *
1054      * When a -device option is processed from the command line,
1055      * qbus_find_recursive() picks the next free virtio-mmio bus in forwards
1056      * order. The upshot is that -device options in increasing command line
1057      * order are mapped to virtio-mmio buses with decreasing base addresses.
1058      *
1059      * When this code was originally written, that arrangement ensured that the
1060      * guest Linux kernel would give the lowest "name" (/dev/vda, eth0, etc) to
1061      * the first -device on the command line. (The end-to-end order is a
1062      * function of this loop, qbus_realize(), qbus_find_recursive(), and the
1063      * guest kernel's name-to-address assignment strategy.)
1064      *
1065      * Meanwhile, the kernel's traversal seems to have been reversed; see eg.
1066      * the message, if not necessarily the code, of commit 70161ff336.
1067      * Therefore the loop now establishes the inverse of the original intent.
1068      *
1069      * Unfortunately, we can't counteract the kernel change by reversing the
1070      * loop; it would break existing command lines.
1071      *
1072      * In any case, the kernel makes no guarantee about the stability of
1073      * enumeration order of virtio devices (as demonstrated by it changing
1074      * between kernel versions). For reliable and stable identification
1075      * of disks users must use UUIDs or similar mechanisms.
1076      */
1077     for (i = 0; i < NUM_VIRTIO_TRANSPORTS; i++) {
1078         int irq = vms->irqmap[VIRT_MMIO] + i;
1079         hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VIRT_MMIO].base + i * size;
1080 
1081         sysbus_create_simple("virtio-mmio", base,
1082                              qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
1083     }
1084 
1085     /* We add dtb nodes in reverse order so that they appear in the finished
1086      * device tree lowest address first.
1087      *
1088      * Note that this mapping is independent of the loop above. The previous
1089      * loop influences virtio device to virtio transport assignment, whereas
1090      * this loop controls how virtio transports are laid out in the dtb.
1091      */
1092     for (i = NUM_VIRTIO_TRANSPORTS - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1093         char *nodename;
1094         int irq = vms->irqmap[VIRT_MMIO] + i;
1095         hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VIRT_MMIO].base + i * size;
1096 
1097         nodename = g_strdup_printf("/virtio_mmio@%" PRIx64, base);
1098         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
1099         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename,
1100                                 "compatible", "virtio,mmio");
1101         qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
1102                                      2, base, 2, size);
1103         qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupts",
1104                                GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq,
1105                                GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_EDGE_LO_HI);
1106         qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0);
1107         g_free(nodename);
1108     }
1109 }
1110 
1111 #define VIRT_FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE (256 * KiB)
1112 
1113 static PFlashCFI01 *virt_flash_create1(VirtMachineState *vms,
1114                                         const char *name,
1115                                         const char *alias_prop_name)
1116 {
1117     /*
1118      * Create a single flash device.  We use the same parameters as
1119      * the flash devices on the Versatile Express board.
1120      */
1121     DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PFLASH_CFI01);
1122 
1123     qdev_prop_set_uint64(dev, "sector-length", VIRT_FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE);
1124     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "width", 4);
1125     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "device-width", 2);
1126     qdev_prop_set_bit(dev, "big-endian", false);
1127     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id0", 0x89);
1128     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id1", 0x18);
1129     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id2", 0x00);
1130     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id3", 0x00);
1131     qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "name", name);
1132     object_property_add_child(OBJECT(vms), name, OBJECT(dev));
1133     object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(vms), alias_prop_name,
1134                               OBJECT(dev), "drive");
1135     return PFLASH_CFI01(dev);
1136 }
1137 
1138 static void virt_flash_create(VirtMachineState *vms)
1139 {
1140     vms->flash[0] = virt_flash_create1(vms, "virt.flash0", "pflash0");
1141     vms->flash[1] = virt_flash_create1(vms, "virt.flash1", "pflash1");
1142 }
1143 
1144 static void virt_flash_map1(PFlashCFI01 *flash,
1145                             hwaddr base, hwaddr size,
1146                             MemoryRegion *sysmem)
1147 {
1148     DeviceState *dev = DEVICE(flash);
1149 
1150     assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(size, VIRT_FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE));
1151     assert(size / VIRT_FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE <= UINT32_MAX);
1152     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-blocks", size / VIRT_FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE);
1153     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
1154 
1155     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base,
1156                                 sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev),
1157                                                        0));
1158 }
1159 
1160 static void virt_flash_map(VirtMachineState *vms,
1161                            MemoryRegion *sysmem,
1162                            MemoryRegion *secure_sysmem)
1163 {
1164     /*
1165      * Map two flash devices to fill the VIRT_FLASH space in the memmap.
1166      * sysmem is the system memory space. secure_sysmem is the secure view
1167      * of the system, and the first flash device should be made visible only
1168      * there. The second flash device is visible to both secure and nonsecure.
1169      * If sysmem == secure_sysmem this means there is no separate Secure
1170      * address space and both flash devices are generally visible.
1171      */
1172     hwaddr flashsize = vms->memmap[VIRT_FLASH].size / 2;
1173     hwaddr flashbase = vms->memmap[VIRT_FLASH].base;
1174 
1175     virt_flash_map1(vms->flash[0], flashbase, flashsize,
1176                     secure_sysmem);
1177     virt_flash_map1(vms->flash[1], flashbase + flashsize, flashsize,
1178                     sysmem);
1179 }
1180 
1181 static void virt_flash_fdt(VirtMachineState *vms,
1182                            MemoryRegion *sysmem,
1183                            MemoryRegion *secure_sysmem)
1184 {
1185     hwaddr flashsize = vms->memmap[VIRT_FLASH].size / 2;
1186     hwaddr flashbase = vms->memmap[VIRT_FLASH].base;
1187     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1188     char *nodename;
1189 
1190     if (sysmem == secure_sysmem) {
1191         /* Report both flash devices as a single node in the DT */
1192         nodename = g_strdup_printf("/flash@%" PRIx64, flashbase);
1193         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
1194         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible", "cfi-flash");
1195         qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
1196                                      2, flashbase, 2, flashsize,
1197                                      2, flashbase + flashsize, 2, flashsize);
1198         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "bank-width", 4);
1199         g_free(nodename);
1200     } else {
1201         /*
1202          * Report the devices as separate nodes so we can mark one as
1203          * only visible to the secure world.
1204          */
1205         nodename = g_strdup_printf("/secflash@%" PRIx64, flashbase);
1206         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
1207         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible", "cfi-flash");
1208         qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
1209                                      2, flashbase, 2, flashsize);
1210         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "bank-width", 4);
1211         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "status", "disabled");
1212         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "secure-status", "okay");
1213         g_free(nodename);
1214 
1215         nodename = g_strdup_printf("/flash@%" PRIx64, flashbase + flashsize);
1216         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
1217         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "compatible", "cfi-flash");
1218         qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
1219                                      2, flashbase + flashsize, 2, flashsize);
1220         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "bank-width", 4);
1221         g_free(nodename);
1222     }
1223 }
1224 
1225 static bool virt_firmware_init(VirtMachineState *vms,
1226                                MemoryRegion *sysmem,
1227                                MemoryRegion *secure_sysmem)
1228 {
1229     int i;
1230     const char *bios_name;
1231     BlockBackend *pflash_blk0;
1232 
1233     /* Map legacy -drive if=pflash to machine properties */
1234     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vms->flash); i++) {
1235         pflash_cfi01_legacy_drive(vms->flash[i],
1236                                   drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, i));
1237     }
1238 
1239     virt_flash_map(vms, sysmem, secure_sysmem);
1240 
1241     pflash_blk0 = pflash_cfi01_get_blk(vms->flash[0]);
1242 
1243     bios_name = MACHINE(vms)->firmware;
1244     if (bios_name) {
1245         char *fname;
1246         MemoryRegion *mr;
1247         int image_size;
1248 
1249         if (pflash_blk0) {
1250             error_report("The contents of the first flash device may be "
1251                          "specified with -bios or with -drive if=pflash... "
1252                          "but you cannot use both options at once");
1253             exit(1);
1254         }
1255 
1256         /* Fall back to -bios */
1257 
1258         fname = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
1259         if (!fname) {
1260             error_report("Could not find ROM image '%s'", bios_name);
1261             exit(1);
1262         }
1263         mr = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(vms->flash[0]), 0);
1264         image_size = load_image_mr(fname, mr);
1265         g_free(fname);
1266         if (image_size < 0) {
1267             error_report("Could not load ROM image '%s'", bios_name);
1268             exit(1);
1269         }
1270     }
1271 
1272     return pflash_blk0 || bios_name;
1273 }
1274 
1275 static FWCfgState *create_fw_cfg(const VirtMachineState *vms, AddressSpace *as)
1276 {
1277     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1278     hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VIRT_FW_CFG].base;
1279     hwaddr size = vms->memmap[VIRT_FW_CFG].size;
1280     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
1281     char *nodename;
1282 
1283     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init_mem_wide(base + 8, base, 8, base + 16, as);
1284     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, (uint16_t)ms->smp.cpus);
1285 
1286     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/fw-cfg@%" PRIx64, base);
1287     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
1288     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename,
1289                             "compatible", "qemu,fw-cfg-mmio");
1290     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
1291                                  2, base, 2, size);
1292     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0);
1293     g_free(nodename);
1294     return fw_cfg;
1295 }
1296 
1297 static void create_pcie_irq_map(const MachineState *ms,
1298                                 uint32_t gic_phandle,
1299                                 int first_irq, const char *nodename)
1300 {
1301     int devfn, pin;
1302     uint32_t full_irq_map[4 * 4 * 10] = { 0 };
1303     uint32_t *irq_map = full_irq_map;
1304 
1305     for (devfn = 0; devfn <= 0x18; devfn += 0x8) {
1306         for (pin = 0; pin < 4; pin++) {
1307             int irq_type = GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI;
1308             int irq_nr = first_irq + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % PCI_NUM_PINS);
1309             int irq_level = GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_LEVEL_HI;
1310             int i;
1311 
1312             uint32_t map[] = {
1313                 devfn << 8, 0, 0,                           /* devfn */
1314                 pin + 1,                                    /* PCI pin */
1315                 gic_phandle, 0, 0, irq_type, irq_nr, irq_level }; /* GIC irq */
1316 
1317             /* Convert map to big endian */
1318             for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
1319                 irq_map[i] = cpu_to_be32(map[i]);
1320             }
1321             irq_map += 10;
1322         }
1323     }
1324 
1325     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map",
1326                      full_irq_map, sizeof(full_irq_map));
1327 
1328     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map-mask",
1329                            cpu_to_be16(PCI_DEVFN(3, 0)), /* Slot 3 */
1330                            0, 0,
1331                            0x7           /* PCI irq */);
1332 }
1333 
1334 static void create_smmu(const VirtMachineState *vms,
1335                         PCIBus *bus)
1336 {
1337     char *node;
1338     const char compat[] = "arm,smmu-v3";
1339     int irq =  vms->irqmap[VIRT_SMMU];
1340     int i;
1341     hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VIRT_SMMU].base;
1342     hwaddr size = vms->memmap[VIRT_SMMU].size;
1343     const char irq_names[] = "eventq\0priq\0cmdq-sync\0gerror";
1344     DeviceState *dev;
1345     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1346 
1347     if (vms->iommu != VIRT_IOMMU_SMMUV3 || !vms->iommu_phandle) {
1348         return;
1349     }
1350 
1351     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_ARM_SMMUV3);
1352 
1353     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev), "primary-bus", OBJECT(bus),
1354                              &error_abort);
1355     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
1356     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, base);
1357     for (i = 0; i < NUM_SMMU_IRQS; i++) {
1358         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
1359                            qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq + i));
1360     }
1361 
1362     node = g_strdup_printf("/smmuv3@%" PRIx64, base);
1363     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, node);
1364     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, node, "compatible", compat, sizeof(compat));
1365     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, node, "reg", 2, base, 2, size);
1366 
1367     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, node, "interrupts",
1368             GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq    , GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_EDGE_LO_HI,
1369             GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq + 1, GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_EDGE_LO_HI,
1370             GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq + 2, GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_EDGE_LO_HI,
1371             GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq + 3, GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_EDGE_LO_HI);
1372 
1373     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, node, "interrupt-names", irq_names,
1374                      sizeof(irq_names));
1375 
1376     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, node, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0);
1377 
1378     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, node, "#iommu-cells", 1);
1379 
1380     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, node, "phandle", vms->iommu_phandle);
1381     g_free(node);
1382 }
1383 
1384 static void create_virtio_iommu_dt_bindings(VirtMachineState *vms)
1385 {
1386     const char compat[] = "virtio,pci-iommu\0pci1af4,1057";
1387     uint16_t bdf = vms->virtio_iommu_bdf;
1388     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1389     char *node;
1390 
1391     vms->iommu_phandle = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(ms->fdt);
1392 
1393     node = g_strdup_printf("%s/virtio_iommu@%x,%x", vms->pciehb_nodename,
1394                            PCI_SLOT(bdf), PCI_FUNC(bdf));
1395     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, node);
1396     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, node, "compatible", compat, sizeof(compat));
1397     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, node, "reg",
1398                                  1, bdf << 8, 1, 0, 1, 0,
1399                                  1, 0, 1, 0);
1400 
1401     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, node, "#iommu-cells", 1);
1402     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, node, "phandle", vms->iommu_phandle);
1403     g_free(node);
1404 
1405     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, vms->pciehb_nodename, "iommu-map",
1406                            0x0, vms->iommu_phandle, 0x0, bdf,
1407                            bdf + 1, vms->iommu_phandle, bdf + 1, 0xffff - bdf);
1408 }
1409 
1410 static void create_pcie(VirtMachineState *vms)
1411 {
1412     hwaddr base_mmio = vms->memmap[VIRT_PCIE_MMIO].base;
1413     hwaddr size_mmio = vms->memmap[VIRT_PCIE_MMIO].size;
1414     hwaddr base_mmio_high = vms->memmap[VIRT_HIGH_PCIE_MMIO].base;
1415     hwaddr size_mmio_high = vms->memmap[VIRT_HIGH_PCIE_MMIO].size;
1416     hwaddr base_pio = vms->memmap[VIRT_PCIE_PIO].base;
1417     hwaddr size_pio = vms->memmap[VIRT_PCIE_PIO].size;
1418     hwaddr base_ecam, size_ecam;
1419     hwaddr base = base_mmio;
1420     int nr_pcie_buses;
1421     int irq = vms->irqmap[VIRT_PCIE];
1422     MemoryRegion *mmio_alias;
1423     MemoryRegion *mmio_reg;
1424     MemoryRegion *ecam_alias;
1425     MemoryRegion *ecam_reg;
1426     DeviceState *dev;
1427     char *nodename;
1428     int i, ecam_id;
1429     PCIHostState *pci;
1430     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1431     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(ms);
1432 
1433     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_GPEX_HOST);
1434     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
1435 
1436     ecam_id = VIRT_ECAM_ID(vms->highmem_ecam);
1437     base_ecam = vms->memmap[ecam_id].base;
1438     size_ecam = vms->memmap[ecam_id].size;
1439     nr_pcie_buses = size_ecam / PCIE_MMCFG_SIZE_MIN;
1440     /* Map only the first size_ecam bytes of ECAM space */
1441     ecam_alias = g_new0(MemoryRegion, 1);
1442     ecam_reg = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0);
1443     memory_region_init_alias(ecam_alias, OBJECT(dev), "pcie-ecam",
1444                              ecam_reg, 0, size_ecam);
1445     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), base_ecam, ecam_alias);
1446 
1447     /* Map the MMIO window into system address space so as to expose
1448      * the section of PCI MMIO space which starts at the same base address
1449      * (ie 1:1 mapping for that part of PCI MMIO space visible through
1450      * the window).
1451      */
1452     mmio_alias = g_new0(MemoryRegion, 1);
1453     mmio_reg = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 1);
1454     memory_region_init_alias(mmio_alias, OBJECT(dev), "pcie-mmio",
1455                              mmio_reg, base_mmio, size_mmio);
1456     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), base_mmio, mmio_alias);
1457 
1458     if (vms->highmem_mmio) {
1459         /* Map high MMIO space */
1460         MemoryRegion *high_mmio_alias = g_new0(MemoryRegion, 1);
1461 
1462         memory_region_init_alias(high_mmio_alias, OBJECT(dev), "pcie-mmio-high",
1463                                  mmio_reg, base_mmio_high, size_mmio_high);
1464         memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), base_mmio_high,
1465                                     high_mmio_alias);
1466     }
1467 
1468     /* Map IO port space */
1469     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, base_pio);
1470 
1471     for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
1472         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
1473                            qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq + i));
1474         gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(dev), i, irq + i);
1475     }
1476 
1477     pci = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
1478     pci->bypass_iommu = vms->default_bus_bypass_iommu;
1479     vms->bus = pci->bus;
1480     if (vms->bus) {
1481         for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
1482             NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
1483 
1484             if (!nd->model) {
1485                 nd->model = g_strdup(mc->default_nic);
1486             }
1487 
1488             pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci->bus, nd->model, NULL);
1489         }
1490     }
1491 
1492     nodename = vms->pciehb_nodename = g_strdup_printf("/pcie@%" PRIx64, base);
1493     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
1494     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename,
1495                             "compatible", "pci-host-ecam-generic");
1496     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "device_type", "pci");
1497     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "#address-cells", 3);
1498     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "#size-cells", 2);
1499     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "linux,pci-domain", 0);
1500     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "bus-range", 0,
1501                            nr_pcie_buses - 1);
1502     qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0);
1503 
1504     if (vms->msi_phandle) {
1505         qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "msi-map",
1506                                0, vms->msi_phandle, 0, 0x10000);
1507     }
1508 
1509     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg",
1510                                  2, base_ecam, 2, size_ecam);
1511 
1512     if (vms->highmem_mmio) {
1513         qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "ranges",
1514                                      1, FDT_PCI_RANGE_IOPORT, 2, 0,
1515                                      2, base_pio, 2, size_pio,
1516                                      1, FDT_PCI_RANGE_MMIO, 2, base_mmio,
1517                                      2, base_mmio, 2, size_mmio,
1518                                      1, FDT_PCI_RANGE_MMIO_64BIT,
1519                                      2, base_mmio_high,
1520                                      2, base_mmio_high, 2, size_mmio_high);
1521     } else {
1522         qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "ranges",
1523                                      1, FDT_PCI_RANGE_IOPORT, 2, 0,
1524                                      2, base_pio, 2, size_pio,
1525                                      1, FDT_PCI_RANGE_MMIO, 2, base_mmio,
1526                                      2, base_mmio, 2, size_mmio);
1527     }
1528 
1529     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "#interrupt-cells", 1);
1530     create_pcie_irq_map(ms, vms->gic_phandle, irq, nodename);
1531 
1532     if (vms->iommu) {
1533         vms->iommu_phandle = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(ms->fdt);
1534 
1535         switch (vms->iommu) {
1536         case VIRT_IOMMU_SMMUV3:
1537             create_smmu(vms, vms->bus);
1538             qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "iommu-map",
1539                                    0x0, vms->iommu_phandle, 0x0, 0x10000);
1540             break;
1541         default:
1542             g_assert_not_reached();
1543         }
1544     }
1545 }
1546 
1547 static void create_platform_bus(VirtMachineState *vms)
1548 {
1549     DeviceState *dev;
1550     SysBusDevice *s;
1551     int i;
1552     MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
1553 
1554     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PLATFORM_BUS_DEVICE);
1555     dev->id = g_strdup(TYPE_PLATFORM_BUS_DEVICE);
1556     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num_irqs", PLATFORM_BUS_NUM_IRQS);
1557     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "mmio_size", vms->memmap[VIRT_PLATFORM_BUS].size);
1558     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
1559     vms->platform_bus_dev = dev;
1560 
1561     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
1562     for (i = 0; i < PLATFORM_BUS_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
1563         int irq = vms->irqmap[VIRT_PLATFORM_BUS] + i;
1564         sysbus_connect_irq(s, i, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
1565     }
1566 
1567     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem,
1568                                 vms->memmap[VIRT_PLATFORM_BUS].base,
1569                                 sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 0));
1570 }
1571 
1572 static void create_tag_ram(MemoryRegion *tag_sysmem,
1573                            hwaddr base, hwaddr size,
1574                            const char *name)
1575 {
1576     MemoryRegion *tagram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1577 
1578     memory_region_init_ram(tagram, NULL, name, size / 32, &error_fatal);
1579     memory_region_add_subregion(tag_sysmem, base / 32, tagram);
1580 }
1581 
1582 static void create_secure_ram(VirtMachineState *vms,
1583                               MemoryRegion *secure_sysmem,
1584                               MemoryRegion *secure_tag_sysmem)
1585 {
1586     MemoryRegion *secram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1587     char *nodename;
1588     hwaddr base = vms->memmap[VIRT_SECURE_MEM].base;
1589     hwaddr size = vms->memmap[VIRT_SECURE_MEM].size;
1590     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1591 
1592     memory_region_init_ram(secram, NULL, "virt.secure-ram", size,
1593                            &error_fatal);
1594     memory_region_add_subregion(secure_sysmem, base, secram);
1595 
1596     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/secram@%" PRIx64, base);
1597     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(ms->fdt, nodename);
1598     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "device_type", "memory");
1599     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(ms->fdt, nodename, "reg", 2, base, 2, size);
1600     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "status", "disabled");
1601     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "secure-status", "okay");
1602 
1603     if (secure_tag_sysmem) {
1604         create_tag_ram(secure_tag_sysmem, base, size, "mach-virt.secure-tag");
1605     }
1606 
1607     g_free(nodename);
1608 }
1609 
1610 static void *machvirt_dtb(const struct arm_boot_info *binfo, int *fdt_size)
1611 {
1612     const VirtMachineState *board = container_of(binfo, VirtMachineState,
1613                                                  bootinfo);
1614     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(board);
1615 
1616 
1617     *fdt_size = board->fdt_size;
1618     return ms->fdt;
1619 }
1620 
1621 static void virt_build_smbios(VirtMachineState *vms)
1622 {
1623     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(vms);
1624     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1625     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(vms);
1626     uint8_t *smbios_tables, *smbios_anchor;
1627     size_t smbios_tables_len, smbios_anchor_len;
1628     struct smbios_phys_mem_area mem_array;
1629     const char *product = "QEMU Virtual Machine";
1630 
1631     if (kvm_enabled()) {
1632         product = "KVM Virtual Machine";
1633     }
1634 
1635     smbios_set_defaults("QEMU", product,
1636                         vmc->smbios_old_sys_ver ? "1.0" : mc->name, false,
1637                         true, SMBIOS_ENTRY_POINT_TYPE_64);
1638 
1639     /* build the array of physical mem area from base_memmap */
1640     mem_array.address = vms->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base;
1641     mem_array.length = ms->ram_size;
1642 
1643     smbios_get_tables(ms, &mem_array, 1,
1644                       &smbios_tables, &smbios_tables_len,
1645                       &smbios_anchor, &smbios_anchor_len,
1646                       &error_fatal);
1647 
1648     if (smbios_anchor) {
1649         fw_cfg_add_file(vms->fw_cfg, "etc/smbios/smbios-tables",
1650                         smbios_tables, smbios_tables_len);
1651         fw_cfg_add_file(vms->fw_cfg, "etc/smbios/smbios-anchor",
1652                         smbios_anchor, smbios_anchor_len);
1653     }
1654 }
1655 
1656 static
1657 void virt_machine_done(Notifier *notifier, void *data)
1658 {
1659     VirtMachineState *vms = container_of(notifier, VirtMachineState,
1660                                          machine_done);
1661     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1662     ARMCPU *cpu = ARM_CPU(first_cpu);
1663     struct arm_boot_info *info = &vms->bootinfo;
1664     AddressSpace *as = arm_boot_address_space(cpu, info);
1665 
1666     /*
1667      * If the user provided a dtb, we assume the dynamic sysbus nodes
1668      * already are integrated there. This corresponds to a use case where
1669      * the dynamic sysbus nodes are complex and their generation is not yet
1670      * supported. In that case the user can take charge of the guest dt
1671      * while qemu takes charge of the qom stuff.
1672      */
1673     if (info->dtb_filename == NULL) {
1674         platform_bus_add_all_fdt_nodes(ms->fdt, "/intc",
1675                                        vms->memmap[VIRT_PLATFORM_BUS].base,
1676                                        vms->memmap[VIRT_PLATFORM_BUS].size,
1677                                        vms->irqmap[VIRT_PLATFORM_BUS]);
1678     }
1679     if (arm_load_dtb(info->dtb_start, info, info->dtb_limit, as, ms) < 0) {
1680         exit(1);
1681     }
1682 
1683     fw_cfg_add_extra_pci_roots(vms->bus, vms->fw_cfg);
1684 
1685     virt_acpi_setup(vms);
1686     virt_build_smbios(vms);
1687 }
1688 
1689 static uint64_t virt_cpu_mp_affinity(VirtMachineState *vms, int idx)
1690 {
1691     uint8_t clustersz = ARM_DEFAULT_CPUS_PER_CLUSTER;
1692     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(vms);
1693 
1694     if (!vmc->disallow_affinity_adjustment) {
1695         /* Adjust MPIDR like 64-bit KVM hosts, which incorporate the
1696          * GIC's target-list limitations. 32-bit KVM hosts currently
1697          * always create clusters of 4 CPUs, but that is expected to
1698          * change when they gain support for gicv3. When KVM is enabled
1699          * it will override the changes we make here, therefore our
1700          * purposes are to make TCG consistent (with 64-bit KVM hosts)
1701          * and to improve SGI efficiency.
1702          */
1703         if (vms->gic_version == VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2) {
1704             clustersz = GIC_TARGETLIST_BITS;
1705         } else {
1706             clustersz = GICV3_TARGETLIST_BITS;
1707         }
1708     }
1709     return arm_cpu_mp_affinity(idx, clustersz);
1710 }
1711 
1712 static inline bool *virt_get_high_memmap_enabled(VirtMachineState *vms,
1713                                                  int index)
1714 {
1715     bool *enabled_array[] = {
1716         &vms->highmem_redists,
1717         &vms->highmem_ecam,
1718         &vms->highmem_mmio,
1719     };
1720 
1721     assert(ARRAY_SIZE(extended_memmap) - VIRT_LOWMEMMAP_LAST ==
1722            ARRAY_SIZE(enabled_array));
1723     assert(index - VIRT_LOWMEMMAP_LAST < ARRAY_SIZE(enabled_array));
1724 
1725     return enabled_array[index - VIRT_LOWMEMMAP_LAST];
1726 }
1727 
1728 static void virt_set_high_memmap(VirtMachineState *vms,
1729                                  hwaddr base, int pa_bits)
1730 {
1731     hwaddr region_base, region_size;
1732     bool *region_enabled, fits;
1733     int i;
1734 
1735     for (i = VIRT_LOWMEMMAP_LAST; i < ARRAY_SIZE(extended_memmap); i++) {
1736         region_enabled = virt_get_high_memmap_enabled(vms, i);
1737         region_base = ROUND_UP(base, extended_memmap[i].size);
1738         region_size = extended_memmap[i].size;
1739 
1740         vms->memmap[i].base = region_base;
1741         vms->memmap[i].size = region_size;
1742 
1743         /*
1744          * Check each device to see if it fits in the PA space,
1745          * moving highest_gpa as we go. For compatibility, move
1746          * highest_gpa for disabled fitting devices as well, if
1747          * the compact layout has been disabled.
1748          *
1749          * For each device that doesn't fit, disable it.
1750          */
1751         fits = (region_base + region_size) <= BIT_ULL(pa_bits);
1752         *region_enabled &= fits;
1753         if (vms->highmem_compact && !*region_enabled) {
1754             continue;
1755         }
1756 
1757         base = region_base + region_size;
1758         if (fits) {
1759             vms->highest_gpa = base - 1;
1760         }
1761     }
1762 }
1763 
1764 static void virt_set_memmap(VirtMachineState *vms, int pa_bits)
1765 {
1766     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(vms);
1767     hwaddr base, device_memory_base, device_memory_size, memtop;
1768     int i;
1769 
1770     vms->memmap = extended_memmap;
1771 
1772     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(base_memmap); i++) {
1773         vms->memmap[i] = base_memmap[i];
1774     }
1775 
1776     if (ms->ram_slots > ACPI_MAX_RAM_SLOTS) {
1777         error_report("unsupported number of memory slots: %"PRIu64,
1778                      ms->ram_slots);
1779         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1780     }
1781 
1782     /*
1783      * !highmem is exactly the same as limiting the PA space to 32bit,
1784      * irrespective of the underlying capabilities of the HW.
1785      */
1786     if (!vms->highmem) {
1787         pa_bits = 32;
1788     }
1789 
1790     /*
1791      * We compute the base of the high IO region depending on the
1792      * amount of initial and device memory. The device memory start/size
1793      * is aligned on 1GiB. We never put the high IO region below 256GiB
1794      * so that if maxram_size is < 255GiB we keep the legacy memory map.
1795      * The device region size assumes 1GiB page max alignment per slot.
1796      */
1797     device_memory_base =
1798         ROUND_UP(vms->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base + ms->ram_size, GiB);
1799     device_memory_size = ms->maxram_size - ms->ram_size + ms->ram_slots * GiB;
1800 
1801     /* Base address of the high IO region */
1802     memtop = base = device_memory_base + ROUND_UP(device_memory_size, GiB);
1803     if (memtop > BIT_ULL(pa_bits)) {
1804 	    error_report("Addressing limited to %d bits, but memory exceeds it by %llu bytes\n",
1805 			 pa_bits, memtop - BIT_ULL(pa_bits));
1806         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1807     }
1808     if (base < device_memory_base) {
1809         error_report("maxmem/slots too huge");
1810         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1811     }
1812     if (base < vms->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base + LEGACY_RAMLIMIT_BYTES) {
1813         base = vms->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base + LEGACY_RAMLIMIT_BYTES;
1814     }
1815 
1816     /* We know for sure that at least the memory fits in the PA space */
1817     vms->highest_gpa = memtop - 1;
1818 
1819     virt_set_high_memmap(vms, base, pa_bits);
1820 
1821     if (device_memory_size > 0) {
1822         ms->device_memory = g_malloc0(sizeof(*ms->device_memory));
1823         ms->device_memory->base = device_memory_base;
1824         memory_region_init(&ms->device_memory->mr, OBJECT(vms),
1825                            "device-memory", device_memory_size);
1826     }
1827 }
1828 
1829 static VirtGICType finalize_gic_version_do(const char *accel_name,
1830                                            VirtGICType gic_version,
1831                                            int gics_supported,
1832                                            unsigned int max_cpus)
1833 {
1834     /* Convert host/max/nosel to GIC version number */
1835     switch (gic_version) {
1836     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_HOST:
1837         if (!kvm_enabled()) {
1838             error_report("gic-version=host requires KVM");
1839             exit(1);
1840         }
1841 
1842         /* For KVM, gic-version=host means gic-version=max */
1843         return finalize_gic_version_do(accel_name, VIRT_GIC_VERSION_MAX,
1844                                        gics_supported, max_cpus);
1845     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_MAX:
1846         if (gics_supported & VIRT_GIC_VERSION_4_MASK) {
1847             gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_4;
1848         } else if (gics_supported & VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3_MASK) {
1849             gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3;
1850         } else {
1851             gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2;
1852         }
1853         break;
1854     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_NOSEL:
1855         if ((gics_supported & VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2_MASK) &&
1856             max_cpus <= GIC_NCPU) {
1857             gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2;
1858         } else if (gics_supported & VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3_MASK) {
1859             /*
1860              * in case the host does not support v2 emulation or
1861              * the end-user requested more than 8 VCPUs we now default
1862              * to v3. In any case defaulting to v2 would be broken.
1863              */
1864             gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3;
1865         } else if (max_cpus > GIC_NCPU) {
1866             error_report("%s only supports GICv2 emulation but more than 8 "
1867                          "vcpus are requested", accel_name);
1868             exit(1);
1869         }
1870         break;
1871     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2:
1872     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3:
1873     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_4:
1874         break;
1875     }
1876 
1877     /* Check chosen version is effectively supported */
1878     switch (gic_version) {
1879     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2:
1880         if (!(gics_supported & VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2_MASK)) {
1881             error_report("%s does not support GICv2 emulation", accel_name);
1882             exit(1);
1883         }
1884         break;
1885     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3:
1886         if (!(gics_supported & VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3_MASK)) {
1887             error_report("%s does not support GICv3 emulation", accel_name);
1888             exit(1);
1889         }
1890         break;
1891     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_4:
1892         if (!(gics_supported & VIRT_GIC_VERSION_4_MASK)) {
1893             error_report("%s does not support GICv4 emulation, is virtualization=on?",
1894                          accel_name);
1895             exit(1);
1896         }
1897         break;
1898     default:
1899         error_report("logic error in finalize_gic_version");
1900         exit(1);
1901         break;
1902     }
1903 
1904     return gic_version;
1905 }
1906 
1907 /*
1908  * finalize_gic_version - Determines the final gic_version
1909  * according to the gic-version property
1910  *
1911  * Default GIC type is v2
1912  */
1913 static void finalize_gic_version(VirtMachineState *vms)
1914 {
1915     const char *accel_name = current_accel_name();
1916     unsigned int max_cpus = MACHINE(vms)->smp.max_cpus;
1917     int gics_supported = 0;
1918 
1919     /* Determine which GIC versions the current environment supports */
1920     if (kvm_enabled() && kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
1921         int probe_bitmap = kvm_arm_vgic_probe();
1922 
1923         if (!probe_bitmap) {
1924             error_report("Unable to determine GIC version supported by host");
1925             exit(1);
1926         }
1927 
1928         if (probe_bitmap & KVM_ARM_VGIC_V2) {
1929             gics_supported |= VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2_MASK;
1930         }
1931         if (probe_bitmap & KVM_ARM_VGIC_V3) {
1932             gics_supported |= VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3_MASK;
1933         }
1934     } else if (kvm_enabled() && !kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
1935         /* KVM w/o kernel irqchip can only deal with GICv2 */
1936         gics_supported |= VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2_MASK;
1937         accel_name = "KVM with kernel-irqchip=off";
1938     } else if (tcg_enabled() || hvf_enabled() || qtest_enabled())  {
1939         gics_supported |= VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2_MASK;
1940         if (module_object_class_by_name("arm-gicv3")) {
1941             gics_supported |= VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3_MASK;
1942             if (vms->virt) {
1943                 /* GICv4 only makes sense if CPU has EL2 */
1944                 gics_supported |= VIRT_GIC_VERSION_4_MASK;
1945             }
1946         }
1947     } else {
1948         error_report("Unsupported accelerator, can not determine GIC support");
1949         exit(1);
1950     }
1951 
1952     /*
1953      * Then convert helpers like host/max to concrete GIC versions and ensure
1954      * the desired version is supported
1955      */
1956     vms->gic_version = finalize_gic_version_do(accel_name, vms->gic_version,
1957                                                gics_supported, max_cpus);
1958 }
1959 
1960 /*
1961  * virt_cpu_post_init() must be called after the CPUs have
1962  * been realized and the GIC has been created.
1963  */
1964 static void virt_cpu_post_init(VirtMachineState *vms, MemoryRegion *sysmem)
1965 {
1966     int max_cpus = MACHINE(vms)->smp.max_cpus;
1967     bool aarch64, pmu, steal_time;
1968     CPUState *cpu;
1969 
1970     aarch64 = object_property_get_bool(OBJECT(first_cpu), "aarch64", NULL);
1971     pmu = object_property_get_bool(OBJECT(first_cpu), "pmu", NULL);
1972     steal_time = object_property_get_bool(OBJECT(first_cpu),
1973                                           "kvm-steal-time", NULL);
1974 
1975     if (kvm_enabled()) {
1976         hwaddr pvtime_reg_base = vms->memmap[VIRT_PVTIME].base;
1977         hwaddr pvtime_reg_size = vms->memmap[VIRT_PVTIME].size;
1978 
1979         if (steal_time) {
1980             MemoryRegion *pvtime = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
1981             hwaddr pvtime_size = max_cpus * PVTIME_SIZE_PER_CPU;
1982 
1983             /* The memory region size must be a multiple of host page size. */
1984             pvtime_size = REAL_HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(pvtime_size);
1985 
1986             if (pvtime_size > pvtime_reg_size) {
1987                 error_report("pvtime requires a %" HWADDR_PRId
1988                              " byte memory region for %d CPUs,"
1989                              " but only %" HWADDR_PRId " has been reserved",
1990                              pvtime_size, max_cpus, pvtime_reg_size);
1991                 exit(1);
1992             }
1993 
1994             memory_region_init_ram(pvtime, NULL, "pvtime", pvtime_size, NULL);
1995             memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, pvtime_reg_base, pvtime);
1996         }
1997 
1998         CPU_FOREACH(cpu) {
1999             if (pmu) {
2000                 assert(arm_feature(&ARM_CPU(cpu)->env, ARM_FEATURE_PMU));
2001                 if (kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
2002                     kvm_arm_pmu_set_irq(cpu, PPI(VIRTUAL_PMU_IRQ));
2003                 }
2004                 kvm_arm_pmu_init(cpu);
2005             }
2006             if (steal_time) {
2007                 kvm_arm_pvtime_init(cpu, pvtime_reg_base +
2008                                          cpu->cpu_index * PVTIME_SIZE_PER_CPU);
2009             }
2010         }
2011     } else {
2012         if (aarch64 && vms->highmem) {
2013             int requested_pa_size = 64 - clz64(vms->highest_gpa);
2014             int pamax = arm_pamax(ARM_CPU(first_cpu));
2015 
2016             if (pamax < requested_pa_size) {
2017                 error_report("VCPU supports less PA bits (%d) than "
2018                              "requested by the memory map (%d)",
2019                              pamax, requested_pa_size);
2020                 exit(1);
2021             }
2022         }
2023     }
2024 }
2025 
2026 static void machvirt_init(MachineState *machine)
2027 {
2028     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(machine);
2029     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
2030     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
2031     const CPUArchIdList *possible_cpus;
2032     MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
2033     MemoryRegion *secure_sysmem = NULL;
2034     MemoryRegion *tag_sysmem = NULL;
2035     MemoryRegion *secure_tag_sysmem = NULL;
2036     int n, virt_max_cpus;
2037     bool firmware_loaded;
2038     bool aarch64 = true;
2039     bool has_ged = !vmc->no_ged;
2040     unsigned int smp_cpus = machine->smp.cpus;
2041     unsigned int max_cpus = machine->smp.max_cpus;
2042 
2043     if (!cpu_type_valid(machine->cpu_type)) {
2044         error_report("mach-virt: CPU type %s not supported", machine->cpu_type);
2045         exit(1);
2046     }
2047 
2048     possible_cpus = mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids(machine);
2049 
2050     /*
2051      * In accelerated mode, the memory map is computed earlier in kvm_type()
2052      * to create a VM with the right number of IPA bits.
2053      */
2054     if (!vms->memmap) {
2055         Object *cpuobj;
2056         ARMCPU *armcpu;
2057         int pa_bits;
2058 
2059         /*
2060          * Instantiate a temporary CPU object to find out about what
2061          * we are about to deal with. Once this is done, get rid of
2062          * the object.
2063          */
2064         cpuobj = object_new(possible_cpus->cpus[0].type);
2065         armcpu = ARM_CPU(cpuobj);
2066 
2067         pa_bits = arm_pamax(armcpu);
2068 
2069         object_unref(cpuobj);
2070 
2071         virt_set_memmap(vms, pa_bits);
2072     }
2073 
2074     /* We can probe only here because during property set
2075      * KVM is not available yet
2076      */
2077     finalize_gic_version(vms);
2078 
2079     if (vms->secure) {
2080         /*
2081          * The Secure view of the world is the same as the NonSecure,
2082          * but with a few extra devices. Create it as a container region
2083          * containing the system memory at low priority; any secure-only
2084          * devices go in at higher priority and take precedence.
2085          */
2086         secure_sysmem = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
2087         memory_region_init(secure_sysmem, OBJECT(machine), "secure-memory",
2088                            UINT64_MAX);
2089         memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(secure_sysmem, 0, sysmem, -1);
2090     }
2091 
2092     firmware_loaded = virt_firmware_init(vms, sysmem,
2093                                          secure_sysmem ?: sysmem);
2094 
2095     /* If we have an EL3 boot ROM then the assumption is that it will
2096      * implement PSCI itself, so disable QEMU's internal implementation
2097      * so it doesn't get in the way. Instead of starting secondary
2098      * CPUs in PSCI powerdown state we will start them all running and
2099      * let the boot ROM sort them out.
2100      * The usual case is that we do use QEMU's PSCI implementation;
2101      * if the guest has EL2 then we will use SMC as the conduit,
2102      * and otherwise we will use HVC (for backwards compatibility and
2103      * because if we're using KVM then we must use HVC).
2104      */
2105     if (vms->secure && firmware_loaded) {
2106         vms->psci_conduit = QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_DISABLED;
2107     } else if (vms->virt) {
2108         vms->psci_conduit = QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_SMC;
2109     } else {
2110         vms->psci_conduit = QEMU_PSCI_CONDUIT_HVC;
2111     }
2112 
2113     /*
2114      * The maximum number of CPUs depends on the GIC version, or on how
2115      * many redistributors we can fit into the memory map (which in turn
2116      * depends on whether this is a GICv3 or v4).
2117      */
2118     if (vms->gic_version == VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2) {
2119         virt_max_cpus = GIC_NCPU;
2120     } else {
2121         virt_max_cpus = virt_redist_capacity(vms, VIRT_GIC_REDIST);
2122         if (vms->highmem_redists) {
2123             virt_max_cpus += virt_redist_capacity(vms, VIRT_HIGH_GIC_REDIST2);
2124         }
2125     }
2126 
2127     if (max_cpus > virt_max_cpus) {
2128         error_report("Number of SMP CPUs requested (%d) exceeds max CPUs "
2129                      "supported by machine 'mach-virt' (%d)",
2130                      max_cpus, virt_max_cpus);
2131         if (vms->gic_version != VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2 && !vms->highmem_redists) {
2132             error_printf("Try 'highmem-redists=on' for more CPUs\n");
2133         }
2134 
2135         exit(1);
2136     }
2137 
2138     if (vms->secure && (kvm_enabled() || hvf_enabled())) {
2139         error_report("mach-virt: %s does not support providing "
2140                      "Security extensions (TrustZone) to the guest CPU",
2141                      current_accel_name());
2142         exit(1);
2143     }
2144 
2145     if (vms->virt && (kvm_enabled() || hvf_enabled())) {
2146         error_report("mach-virt: %s does not support providing "
2147                      "Virtualization extensions to the guest CPU",
2148                      current_accel_name());
2149         exit(1);
2150     }
2151 
2152     if (vms->mte && (kvm_enabled() || hvf_enabled())) {
2153         error_report("mach-virt: %s does not support providing "
2154                      "MTE to the guest CPU",
2155                      current_accel_name());
2156         exit(1);
2157     }
2158 
2159     create_fdt(vms);
2160 
2161     assert(possible_cpus->len == max_cpus);
2162     for (n = 0; n < possible_cpus->len; n++) {
2163         Object *cpuobj;
2164         CPUState *cs;
2165 
2166         if (n >= smp_cpus) {
2167             break;
2168         }
2169 
2170         cpuobj = object_new(possible_cpus->cpus[n].type);
2171         object_property_set_int(cpuobj, "mp-affinity",
2172                                 possible_cpus->cpus[n].arch_id, NULL);
2173 
2174         cs = CPU(cpuobj);
2175         cs->cpu_index = n;
2176 
2177         numa_cpu_pre_plug(&possible_cpus->cpus[cs->cpu_index], DEVICE(cpuobj),
2178                           &error_fatal);
2179 
2180         aarch64 &= object_property_get_bool(cpuobj, "aarch64", NULL);
2181 
2182         if (!vms->secure) {
2183             object_property_set_bool(cpuobj, "has_el3", false, NULL);
2184         }
2185 
2186         if (!vms->virt && object_property_find(cpuobj, "has_el2")) {
2187             object_property_set_bool(cpuobj, "has_el2", false, NULL);
2188         }
2189 
2190         if (vmc->kvm_no_adjvtime &&
2191             object_property_find(cpuobj, "kvm-no-adjvtime")) {
2192             object_property_set_bool(cpuobj, "kvm-no-adjvtime", true, NULL);
2193         }
2194 
2195         if (vmc->no_kvm_steal_time &&
2196             object_property_find(cpuobj, "kvm-steal-time")) {
2197             object_property_set_bool(cpuobj, "kvm-steal-time", false, NULL);
2198         }
2199 
2200         if (vmc->no_pmu && object_property_find(cpuobj, "pmu")) {
2201             object_property_set_bool(cpuobj, "pmu", false, NULL);
2202         }
2203 
2204         if (vmc->no_tcg_lpa2 && object_property_find(cpuobj, "lpa2")) {
2205             object_property_set_bool(cpuobj, "lpa2", false, NULL);
2206         }
2207 
2208         if (object_property_find(cpuobj, "reset-cbar")) {
2209             object_property_set_int(cpuobj, "reset-cbar",
2210                                     vms->memmap[VIRT_CPUPERIPHS].base,
2211                                     &error_abort);
2212         }
2213 
2214         object_property_set_link(cpuobj, "memory", OBJECT(sysmem),
2215                                  &error_abort);
2216         if (vms->secure) {
2217             object_property_set_link(cpuobj, "secure-memory",
2218                                      OBJECT(secure_sysmem), &error_abort);
2219         }
2220 
2221         if (vms->mte) {
2222             /* Create the memory region only once, but link to all cpus. */
2223             if (!tag_sysmem) {
2224                 /*
2225                  * The property exists only if MemTag is supported.
2226                  * If it is, we must allocate the ram to back that up.
2227                  */
2228                 if (!object_property_find(cpuobj, "tag-memory")) {
2229                     error_report("MTE requested, but not supported "
2230                                  "by the guest CPU");
2231                     exit(1);
2232                 }
2233 
2234                 tag_sysmem = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
2235                 memory_region_init(tag_sysmem, OBJECT(machine),
2236                                    "tag-memory", UINT64_MAX / 32);
2237 
2238                 if (vms->secure) {
2239                     secure_tag_sysmem = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
2240                     memory_region_init(secure_tag_sysmem, OBJECT(machine),
2241                                        "secure-tag-memory", UINT64_MAX / 32);
2242 
2243                     /* As with ram, secure-tag takes precedence over tag.  */
2244                     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(secure_tag_sysmem, 0,
2245                                                         tag_sysmem, -1);
2246                 }
2247             }
2248 
2249             object_property_set_link(cpuobj, "tag-memory", OBJECT(tag_sysmem),
2250                                      &error_abort);
2251             if (vms->secure) {
2252                 object_property_set_link(cpuobj, "secure-tag-memory",
2253                                          OBJECT(secure_tag_sysmem),
2254                                          &error_abort);
2255             }
2256         }
2257 
2258         qdev_realize(DEVICE(cpuobj), NULL, &error_fatal);
2259         object_unref(cpuobj);
2260     }
2261     fdt_add_timer_nodes(vms);
2262     fdt_add_cpu_nodes(vms);
2263 
2264     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, vms->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base,
2265                                 machine->ram);
2266     if (machine->device_memory) {
2267         memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, machine->device_memory->base,
2268                                     &machine->device_memory->mr);
2269     }
2270 
2271     virt_flash_fdt(vms, sysmem, secure_sysmem ?: sysmem);
2272 
2273     create_gic(vms, sysmem);
2274 
2275     virt_cpu_post_init(vms, sysmem);
2276 
2277     fdt_add_pmu_nodes(vms);
2278 
2279     create_uart(vms, VIRT_UART, sysmem, serial_hd(0));
2280 
2281     if (vms->secure) {
2282         create_secure_ram(vms, secure_sysmem, secure_tag_sysmem);
2283         create_uart(vms, VIRT_SECURE_UART, secure_sysmem, serial_hd(1));
2284     }
2285 
2286     if (tag_sysmem) {
2287         create_tag_ram(tag_sysmem, vms->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base,
2288                        machine->ram_size, "mach-virt.tag");
2289     }
2290 
2291     vms->highmem_ecam &= (!firmware_loaded || aarch64);
2292 
2293     create_rtc(vms);
2294 
2295     create_pcie(vms);
2296 
2297     if (has_ged && aarch64 && firmware_loaded && virt_is_acpi_enabled(vms)) {
2298         vms->acpi_dev = create_acpi_ged(vms);
2299     } else {
2300         create_gpio_devices(vms, VIRT_GPIO, sysmem);
2301     }
2302 
2303     if (vms->secure && !vmc->no_secure_gpio) {
2304         create_gpio_devices(vms, VIRT_SECURE_GPIO, secure_sysmem);
2305     }
2306 
2307      /* connect powerdown request */
2308      vms->powerdown_notifier.notify = virt_powerdown_req;
2309      qemu_register_powerdown_notifier(&vms->powerdown_notifier);
2310 
2311     /* Create mmio transports, so the user can create virtio backends
2312      * (which will be automatically plugged in to the transports). If
2313      * no backend is created the transport will just sit harmlessly idle.
2314      */
2315     create_virtio_devices(vms);
2316 
2317     vms->fw_cfg = create_fw_cfg(vms, &address_space_memory);
2318     rom_set_fw(vms->fw_cfg);
2319 
2320     create_platform_bus(vms);
2321 
2322     if (machine->nvdimms_state->is_enabled) {
2323         const struct AcpiGenericAddress arm_virt_nvdimm_acpi_dsmio = {
2324             .space_id = AML_AS_SYSTEM_MEMORY,
2325             .address = vms->memmap[VIRT_NVDIMM_ACPI].base,
2326             .bit_width = NVDIMM_ACPI_IO_LEN << 3
2327         };
2328 
2329         nvdimm_init_acpi_state(machine->nvdimms_state, sysmem,
2330                                arm_virt_nvdimm_acpi_dsmio,
2331                                vms->fw_cfg, OBJECT(vms));
2332     }
2333 
2334     vms->bootinfo.ram_size = machine->ram_size;
2335     vms->bootinfo.board_id = -1;
2336     vms->bootinfo.loader_start = vms->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base;
2337     vms->bootinfo.get_dtb = machvirt_dtb;
2338     vms->bootinfo.skip_dtb_autoload = true;
2339     vms->bootinfo.firmware_loaded = firmware_loaded;
2340     vms->bootinfo.psci_conduit = vms->psci_conduit;
2341     arm_load_kernel(ARM_CPU(first_cpu), machine, &vms->bootinfo);
2342 
2343     vms->machine_done.notify = virt_machine_done;
2344     qemu_add_machine_init_done_notifier(&vms->machine_done);
2345 }
2346 
2347 static bool virt_get_secure(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2348 {
2349     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2350 
2351     return vms->secure;
2352 }
2353 
2354 static void virt_set_secure(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2355 {
2356     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2357 
2358     vms->secure = value;
2359 }
2360 
2361 static bool virt_get_virt(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2362 {
2363     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2364 
2365     return vms->virt;
2366 }
2367 
2368 static void virt_set_virt(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2369 {
2370     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2371 
2372     vms->virt = value;
2373 }
2374 
2375 static bool virt_get_highmem(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2376 {
2377     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2378 
2379     return vms->highmem;
2380 }
2381 
2382 static void virt_set_highmem(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2383 {
2384     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2385 
2386     vms->highmem = value;
2387 }
2388 
2389 static bool virt_get_compact_highmem(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2390 {
2391     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2392 
2393     return vms->highmem_compact;
2394 }
2395 
2396 static void virt_set_compact_highmem(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2397 {
2398     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2399 
2400     vms->highmem_compact = value;
2401 }
2402 
2403 static bool virt_get_highmem_redists(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2404 {
2405     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2406 
2407     return vms->highmem_redists;
2408 }
2409 
2410 static void virt_set_highmem_redists(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2411 {
2412     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2413 
2414     vms->highmem_redists = value;
2415 }
2416 
2417 static bool virt_get_highmem_ecam(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2418 {
2419     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2420 
2421     return vms->highmem_ecam;
2422 }
2423 
2424 static void virt_set_highmem_ecam(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2425 {
2426     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2427 
2428     vms->highmem_ecam = value;
2429 }
2430 
2431 static bool virt_get_highmem_mmio(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2432 {
2433     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2434 
2435     return vms->highmem_mmio;
2436 }
2437 
2438 static void virt_set_highmem_mmio(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2439 {
2440     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2441 
2442     vms->highmem_mmio = value;
2443 }
2444 
2445 
2446 static bool virt_get_its(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2447 {
2448     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2449 
2450     return vms->its;
2451 }
2452 
2453 static void virt_set_its(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2454 {
2455     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2456 
2457     vms->its = value;
2458 }
2459 
2460 static bool virt_get_dtb_randomness(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2461 {
2462     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2463 
2464     return vms->dtb_randomness;
2465 }
2466 
2467 static void virt_set_dtb_randomness(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2468 {
2469     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2470 
2471     vms->dtb_randomness = value;
2472 }
2473 
2474 static char *virt_get_oem_id(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2475 {
2476     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2477 
2478     return g_strdup(vms->oem_id);
2479 }
2480 
2481 static void virt_set_oem_id(Object *obj, const char *value, Error **errp)
2482 {
2483     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2484     size_t len = strlen(value);
2485 
2486     if (len > 6) {
2487         error_setg(errp,
2488                    "User specified oem-id value is bigger than 6 bytes in size");
2489         return;
2490     }
2491 
2492     strncpy(vms->oem_id, value, 6);
2493 }
2494 
2495 static char *virt_get_oem_table_id(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2496 {
2497     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2498 
2499     return g_strdup(vms->oem_table_id);
2500 }
2501 
2502 static void virt_set_oem_table_id(Object *obj, const char *value,
2503                                   Error **errp)
2504 {
2505     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2506     size_t len = strlen(value);
2507 
2508     if (len > 8) {
2509         error_setg(errp,
2510                    "User specified oem-table-id value is bigger than 8 bytes in size");
2511         return;
2512     }
2513     strncpy(vms->oem_table_id, value, 8);
2514 }
2515 
2516 
2517 bool virt_is_acpi_enabled(VirtMachineState *vms)
2518 {
2519     if (vms->acpi == ON_OFF_AUTO_OFF) {
2520         return false;
2521     }
2522     return true;
2523 }
2524 
2525 static void virt_get_acpi(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
2526                           void *opaque, Error **errp)
2527 {
2528     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2529     OnOffAuto acpi = vms->acpi;
2530 
2531     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &acpi, errp);
2532 }
2533 
2534 static void virt_set_acpi(Object *obj, Visitor *v, const char *name,
2535                           void *opaque, Error **errp)
2536 {
2537     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2538 
2539     visit_type_OnOffAuto(v, name, &vms->acpi, errp);
2540 }
2541 
2542 static bool virt_get_ras(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2543 {
2544     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2545 
2546     return vms->ras;
2547 }
2548 
2549 static void virt_set_ras(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2550 {
2551     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2552 
2553     vms->ras = value;
2554 }
2555 
2556 static bool virt_get_mte(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2557 {
2558     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2559 
2560     return vms->mte;
2561 }
2562 
2563 static void virt_set_mte(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
2564 {
2565     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2566 
2567     vms->mte = value;
2568 }
2569 
2570 static char *virt_get_gic_version(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2571 {
2572     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2573     const char *val;
2574 
2575     switch (vms->gic_version) {
2576     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_4:
2577         val = "4";
2578         break;
2579     case VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3:
2580         val = "3";
2581         break;
2582     default:
2583         val = "2";
2584         break;
2585     }
2586     return g_strdup(val);
2587 }
2588 
2589 static void virt_set_gic_version(Object *obj, const char *value, Error **errp)
2590 {
2591     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2592 
2593     if (!strcmp(value, "4")) {
2594         vms->gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_4;
2595     } else if (!strcmp(value, "3")) {
2596         vms->gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_3;
2597     } else if (!strcmp(value, "2")) {
2598         vms->gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_2;
2599     } else if (!strcmp(value, "host")) {
2600         vms->gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_HOST; /* Will probe later */
2601     } else if (!strcmp(value, "max")) {
2602         vms->gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_MAX; /* Will probe later */
2603     } else {
2604         error_setg(errp, "Invalid gic-version value");
2605         error_append_hint(errp, "Valid values are 3, 2, host, max.\n");
2606     }
2607 }
2608 
2609 static char *virt_get_iommu(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2610 {
2611     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2612 
2613     switch (vms->iommu) {
2614     case VIRT_IOMMU_NONE:
2615         return g_strdup("none");
2616     case VIRT_IOMMU_SMMUV3:
2617         return g_strdup("smmuv3");
2618     default:
2619         g_assert_not_reached();
2620     }
2621 }
2622 
2623 static void virt_set_iommu(Object *obj, const char *value, Error **errp)
2624 {
2625     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2626 
2627     if (!strcmp(value, "smmuv3")) {
2628         vms->iommu = VIRT_IOMMU_SMMUV3;
2629     } else if (!strcmp(value, "none")) {
2630         vms->iommu = VIRT_IOMMU_NONE;
2631     } else {
2632         error_setg(errp, "Invalid iommu value");
2633         error_append_hint(errp, "Valid values are none, smmuv3.\n");
2634     }
2635 }
2636 
2637 static bool virt_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, Error **errp)
2638 {
2639     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2640 
2641     return vms->default_bus_bypass_iommu;
2642 }
2643 
2644 static void virt_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu(Object *obj, bool value,
2645                                               Error **errp)
2646 {
2647     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
2648 
2649     vms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = value;
2650 }
2651 
2652 static CpuInstanceProperties
2653 virt_cpu_index_to_props(MachineState *ms, unsigned cpu_index)
2654 {
2655     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(ms);
2656     const CPUArchIdList *possible_cpus = mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids(ms);
2657 
2658     assert(cpu_index < possible_cpus->len);
2659     return possible_cpus->cpus[cpu_index].props;
2660 }
2661 
2662 static int64_t virt_get_default_cpu_node_id(const MachineState *ms, int idx)
2663 {
2664     int64_t socket_id = ms->possible_cpus->cpus[idx].props.socket_id;
2665 
2666     return socket_id % ms->numa_state->num_nodes;
2667 }
2668 
2669 static const CPUArchIdList *virt_possible_cpu_arch_ids(MachineState *ms)
2670 {
2671     int n;
2672     unsigned int max_cpus = ms->smp.max_cpus;
2673     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(ms);
2674     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(vms);
2675 
2676     if (ms->possible_cpus) {
2677         assert(ms->possible_cpus->len == max_cpus);
2678         return ms->possible_cpus;
2679     }
2680 
2681     ms->possible_cpus = g_malloc0(sizeof(CPUArchIdList) +
2682                                   sizeof(CPUArchId) * max_cpus);
2683     ms->possible_cpus->len = max_cpus;
2684     for (n = 0; n < ms->possible_cpus->len; n++) {
2685         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].type = ms->cpu_type;
2686         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].arch_id =
2687             virt_cpu_mp_affinity(vms, n);
2688 
2689         assert(!mc->smp_props.dies_supported);
2690         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.has_socket_id = true;
2691         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.socket_id =
2692             n / (ms->smp.clusters * ms->smp.cores * ms->smp.threads);
2693         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.has_cluster_id = true;
2694         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.cluster_id =
2695             (n / (ms->smp.cores * ms->smp.threads)) % ms->smp.clusters;
2696         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.has_core_id = true;
2697         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.core_id =
2698             (n / ms->smp.threads) % ms->smp.cores;
2699         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.has_thread_id = true;
2700         ms->possible_cpus->cpus[n].props.thread_id =
2701             n % ms->smp.threads;
2702     }
2703     return ms->possible_cpus;
2704 }
2705 
2706 static void virt_memory_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev, DeviceState *dev,
2707                                  Error **errp)
2708 {
2709     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
2710     const MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
2711     const bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
2712 
2713     if (!vms->acpi_dev) {
2714         error_setg(errp,
2715                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi-ged device");
2716         return;
2717     }
2718 
2719     if (vms->mte) {
2720         error_setg(errp, "memory hotplug is not enabled: MTE is enabled");
2721         return;
2722     }
2723 
2724     if (is_nvdimm && !ms->nvdimms_state->is_enabled) {
2725         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm is not enabled: add 'nvdimm=on' to '-M'");
2726         return;
2727     }
2728 
2729     pc_dimm_pre_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), NULL, errp);
2730 }
2731 
2732 static void virt_memory_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
2733                              DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
2734 {
2735     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
2736     MachineState *ms = MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
2737     bool is_nvdimm = object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM);
2738 
2739     pc_dimm_plug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(vms));
2740 
2741     if (is_nvdimm) {
2742         nvdimm_plug(ms->nvdimms_state);
2743     }
2744 
2745     hotplug_handler_plug(HOTPLUG_HANDLER(vms->acpi_dev),
2746                          dev, &error_abort);
2747 }
2748 
2749 static void virt_virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
2750                                         DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
2751 {
2752     HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev2 = qdev_get_bus_hotplug_handler(dev);
2753     Error *local_err = NULL;
2754 
2755     if (!hotplug_dev2 && dev->hotplugged) {
2756         /*
2757          * Without a bus hotplug handler, we cannot control the plug/unplug
2758          * order. We should never reach this point when hotplugging on ARM.
2759          * However, it's nice to add a safety net, similar to what we have
2760          * on x86.
2761          */
2762         error_setg(errp, "hotplug of virtio based memory devices not supported"
2763                    " on this bus.");
2764         return;
2765     }
2766     /*
2767      * First, see if we can plug this memory device at all. If that
2768      * succeeds, branch of to the actual hotplug handler.
2769      */
2770     memory_device_pre_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev), NULL,
2771                            &local_err);
2772     if (!local_err && hotplug_dev2) {
2773         hotplug_handler_pre_plug(hotplug_dev2, dev, &local_err);
2774     }
2775     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2776 }
2777 
2778 static void virt_virtio_md_pci_plug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
2779                                     DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
2780 {
2781     HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev2 = qdev_get_bus_hotplug_handler(dev);
2782     Error *local_err = NULL;
2783 
2784     /*
2785      * Plug the memory device first and then branch off to the actual
2786      * hotplug handler. If that one fails, we can easily undo the memory
2787      * device bits.
2788      */
2789     memory_device_plug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
2790     if (hotplug_dev2) {
2791         hotplug_handler_plug(hotplug_dev2, dev, &local_err);
2792         if (local_err) {
2793             memory_device_unplug(MEMORY_DEVICE(dev), MACHINE(hotplug_dev));
2794         }
2795     }
2796     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2797 }
2798 
2799 static void virt_virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
2800                                               DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
2801 {
2802     /* We don't support hot unplug of virtio based memory devices */
2803     error_setg(errp, "virtio based memory devices cannot be unplugged.");
2804 }
2805 
2806 
2807 static void virt_machine_device_pre_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
2808                                             DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
2809 {
2810     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
2811 
2812     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
2813         virt_memory_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
2814     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
2815         virt_virtio_md_pci_pre_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
2816     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
2817         hwaddr db_start = 0, db_end = 0;
2818         char *resv_prop_str;
2819 
2820         if (vms->iommu != VIRT_IOMMU_NONE) {
2821             error_setg(errp, "virt machine does not support multiple IOMMUs");
2822             return;
2823         }
2824 
2825         switch (vms->msi_controller) {
2826         case VIRT_MSI_CTRL_NONE:
2827             return;
2828         case VIRT_MSI_CTRL_ITS:
2829             /* GITS_TRANSLATER page */
2830             db_start = base_memmap[VIRT_GIC_ITS].base + 0x10000;
2831             db_end = base_memmap[VIRT_GIC_ITS].base +
2832                      base_memmap[VIRT_GIC_ITS].size - 1;
2833             break;
2834         case VIRT_MSI_CTRL_GICV2M:
2835             /* MSI_SETSPI_NS page */
2836             db_start = base_memmap[VIRT_GIC_V2M].base;
2837             db_end = db_start + base_memmap[VIRT_GIC_V2M].size - 1;
2838             break;
2839         }
2840         resv_prop_str = g_strdup_printf("0x%"PRIx64":0x%"PRIx64":%u",
2841                                         db_start, db_end,
2842                                         VIRTIO_IOMMU_RESV_MEM_T_MSI);
2843 
2844         object_property_set_uint(OBJECT(dev), "len-reserved-regions", 1, errp);
2845         object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev), "reserved-regions[0]",
2846                                 resv_prop_str, errp);
2847         g_free(resv_prop_str);
2848     }
2849 }
2850 
2851 static void virt_machine_device_plug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
2852                                         DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
2853 {
2854     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
2855 
2856     if (vms->platform_bus_dev) {
2857         MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(vms);
2858 
2859         if (device_is_dynamic_sysbus(mc, dev)) {
2860             platform_bus_link_device(PLATFORM_BUS_DEVICE(vms->platform_bus_dev),
2861                                      SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev));
2862         }
2863     }
2864     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
2865         virt_memory_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
2866     }
2867 
2868     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
2869         virt_virtio_md_pci_plug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
2870     }
2871 
2872     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
2873         PCIDevice *pdev = PCI_DEVICE(dev);
2874 
2875         vms->iommu = VIRT_IOMMU_VIRTIO;
2876         vms->virtio_iommu_bdf = pci_get_bdf(pdev);
2877         create_virtio_iommu_dt_bindings(vms);
2878     }
2879 }
2880 
2881 static void virt_dimm_unplug_request(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
2882                                      DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
2883 {
2884     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
2885 
2886     if (!vms->acpi_dev) {
2887         error_setg(errp,
2888                    "memory hotplug is not enabled: missing acpi-ged device");
2889         return;
2890     }
2891 
2892     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_NVDIMM)) {
2893         error_setg(errp, "nvdimm device hot unplug is not supported yet.");
2894         return;
2895     }
2896 
2897     hotplug_handler_unplug_request(HOTPLUG_HANDLER(vms->acpi_dev), dev,
2898                                    errp);
2899 }
2900 
2901 static void virt_dimm_unplug(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
2902                              DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
2903 {
2904     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(hotplug_dev);
2905     Error *local_err = NULL;
2906 
2907     hotplug_handler_unplug(HOTPLUG_HANDLER(vms->acpi_dev), dev, &local_err);
2908     if (local_err) {
2909         goto out;
2910     }
2911 
2912     pc_dimm_unplug(PC_DIMM(dev), MACHINE(vms));
2913     qdev_unrealize(dev);
2914 
2915 out:
2916     error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2917 }
2918 
2919 static void virt_machine_device_unplug_request_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
2920                                           DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
2921 {
2922     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
2923         virt_dimm_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
2924     } else if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI)) {
2925         virt_virtio_md_pci_unplug_request(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
2926     } else {
2927         error_setg(errp, "device unplug request for unsupported device"
2928                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
2929     }
2930 }
2931 
2932 static void virt_machine_device_unplug_cb(HotplugHandler *hotplug_dev,
2933                                           DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
2934 {
2935     if (object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM)) {
2936         virt_dimm_unplug(hotplug_dev, dev, errp);
2937     } else {
2938         error_setg(errp, "virt: device unplug for unsupported device"
2939                    " type: %s", object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
2940     }
2941 }
2942 
2943 static HotplugHandler *virt_machine_get_hotplug_handler(MachineState *machine,
2944                                                         DeviceState *dev)
2945 {
2946     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
2947 
2948     if (device_is_dynamic_sysbus(mc, dev) ||
2949         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_PC_DIMM) ||
2950         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_MEM_PCI) ||
2951         object_dynamic_cast(OBJECT(dev), TYPE_VIRTIO_IOMMU_PCI)) {
2952         return HOTPLUG_HANDLER(machine);
2953     }
2954     return NULL;
2955 }
2956 
2957 /*
2958  * for arm64 kvm_type [7-0] encodes the requested number of bits
2959  * in the IPA address space
2960  */
2961 static int virt_kvm_type(MachineState *ms, const char *type_str)
2962 {
2963     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(ms);
2964     int max_vm_pa_size, requested_pa_size;
2965     bool fixed_ipa;
2966 
2967     max_vm_pa_size = kvm_arm_get_max_vm_ipa_size(ms, &fixed_ipa);
2968 
2969     /* we freeze the memory map to compute the highest gpa */
2970     virt_set_memmap(vms, max_vm_pa_size);
2971 
2972     requested_pa_size = 64 - clz64(vms->highest_gpa);
2973 
2974     /*
2975      * KVM requires the IPA size to be at least 32 bits.
2976      */
2977     if (requested_pa_size < 32) {
2978         requested_pa_size = 32;
2979     }
2980 
2981     if (requested_pa_size > max_vm_pa_size) {
2982         error_report("-m and ,maxmem option values "
2983                      "require an IPA range (%d bits) larger than "
2984                      "the one supported by the host (%d bits)",
2985                      requested_pa_size, max_vm_pa_size);
2986         exit(1);
2987     }
2988     /*
2989      * We return the requested PA log size, unless KVM only supports
2990      * the implicit legacy 40b IPA setting, in which case the kvm_type
2991      * must be 0.
2992      */
2993     return fixed_ipa ? 0 : requested_pa_size;
2994 }
2995 
2996 static void virt_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
2997 {
2998     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
2999     HotplugHandlerClass *hc = HOTPLUG_HANDLER_CLASS(oc);
3000 
3001     mc->init = machvirt_init;
3002     /* Start with max_cpus set to 512, which is the maximum supported by KVM.
3003      * The value may be reduced later when we have more information about the
3004      * configuration of the particular instance.
3005      */
3006     mc->max_cpus = 512;
3007     machine_class_allow_dynamic_sysbus_dev(mc, TYPE_VFIO_CALXEDA_XGMAC);
3008     machine_class_allow_dynamic_sysbus_dev(mc, TYPE_VFIO_AMD_XGBE);
3009     machine_class_allow_dynamic_sysbus_dev(mc, TYPE_RAMFB_DEVICE);
3010     machine_class_allow_dynamic_sysbus_dev(mc, TYPE_VFIO_PLATFORM);
3011 #ifdef CONFIG_TPM
3012     machine_class_allow_dynamic_sysbus_dev(mc, TYPE_TPM_TIS_SYSBUS);
3013 #endif
3014     mc->block_default_type = IF_VIRTIO;
3015     mc->no_cdrom = 1;
3016     mc->pci_allow_0_address = true;
3017     /* We know we will never create a pre-ARMv7 CPU which needs 1K pages */
3018     mc->minimum_page_bits = 12;
3019     mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = virt_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
3020     mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = virt_cpu_index_to_props;
3021 #ifdef CONFIG_TCG
3022     mc->default_cpu_type = ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a15");
3023 #else
3024     mc->default_cpu_type = ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("max");
3025 #endif
3026     mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = virt_get_default_cpu_node_id;
3027     mc->kvm_type = virt_kvm_type;
3028     assert(!mc->get_hotplug_handler);
3029     mc->get_hotplug_handler = virt_machine_get_hotplug_handler;
3030     hc->pre_plug = virt_machine_device_pre_plug_cb;
3031     hc->plug = virt_machine_device_plug_cb;
3032     hc->unplug_request = virt_machine_device_unplug_request_cb;
3033     hc->unplug = virt_machine_device_unplug_cb;
3034     mc->nvdimm_supported = true;
3035     mc->smp_props.clusters_supported = true;
3036     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memhp = true;
3037     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memdev = true;
3038     /* platform instead of architectural choice */
3039     mc->cpu_cluster_has_numa_boundary = true;
3040     mc->default_ram_id = "mach-virt.ram";
3041     mc->default_nic = "virtio-net-pci";
3042 
3043     object_class_property_add(oc, "acpi", "OnOffAuto",
3044         virt_get_acpi, virt_set_acpi,
3045         NULL, NULL);
3046     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "acpi",
3047         "Enable ACPI");
3048     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "secure", virt_get_secure,
3049                                    virt_set_secure);
3050     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "secure",
3051                                                 "Set on/off to enable/disable the ARM "
3052                                                 "Security Extensions (TrustZone)");
3053 
3054     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "virtualization", virt_get_virt,
3055                                    virt_set_virt);
3056     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "virtualization",
3057                                           "Set on/off to enable/disable emulating a "
3058                                           "guest CPU which implements the ARM "
3059                                           "Virtualization Extensions");
3060 
3061     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "highmem", virt_get_highmem,
3062                                    virt_set_highmem);
3063     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "highmem",
3064                                           "Set on/off to enable/disable using "
3065                                           "physical address space above 32 bits");
3066 
3067     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "compact-highmem",
3068                                    virt_get_compact_highmem,
3069                                    virt_set_compact_highmem);
3070     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "compact-highmem",
3071                                           "Set on/off to enable/disable compact "
3072                                           "layout for high memory regions");
3073 
3074     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "highmem-redists",
3075                                    virt_get_highmem_redists,
3076                                    virt_set_highmem_redists);
3077     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "highmem-redists",
3078                                           "Set on/off to enable/disable high "
3079                                           "memory region for GICv3 or GICv4 "
3080                                           "redistributor");
3081 
3082     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "highmem-ecam",
3083                                    virt_get_highmem_ecam,
3084                                    virt_set_highmem_ecam);
3085     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "highmem-ecam",
3086                                           "Set on/off to enable/disable high "
3087                                           "memory region for PCI ECAM");
3088 
3089     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "highmem-mmio",
3090                                    virt_get_highmem_mmio,
3091                                    virt_set_highmem_mmio);
3092     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "highmem-mmio",
3093                                           "Set on/off to enable/disable high "
3094                                           "memory region for PCI MMIO");
3095 
3096     object_class_property_add_str(oc, "gic-version", virt_get_gic_version,
3097                                   virt_set_gic_version);
3098     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "gic-version",
3099                                           "Set GIC version. "
3100                                           "Valid values are 2, 3, 4, host and max");
3101 
3102     object_class_property_add_str(oc, "iommu", virt_get_iommu, virt_set_iommu);
3103     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "iommu",
3104                                           "Set the IOMMU type. "
3105                                           "Valid values are none and smmuv3");
3106 
3107     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "default-bus-bypass-iommu",
3108                                    virt_get_default_bus_bypass_iommu,
3109                                    virt_set_default_bus_bypass_iommu);
3110     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "default-bus-bypass-iommu",
3111                                           "Set on/off to enable/disable "
3112                                           "bypass_iommu for default root bus");
3113 
3114     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "ras", virt_get_ras,
3115                                    virt_set_ras);
3116     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "ras",
3117                                           "Set on/off to enable/disable reporting host memory errors "
3118                                           "to a KVM guest using ACPI and guest external abort exceptions");
3119 
3120     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "mte", virt_get_mte, virt_set_mte);
3121     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "mte",
3122                                           "Set on/off to enable/disable emulating a "
3123                                           "guest CPU which implements the ARM "
3124                                           "Memory Tagging Extension");
3125 
3126     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "its", virt_get_its,
3127                                    virt_set_its);
3128     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "its",
3129                                           "Set on/off to enable/disable "
3130                                           "ITS instantiation");
3131 
3132     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "dtb-randomness",
3133                                    virt_get_dtb_randomness,
3134                                    virt_set_dtb_randomness);
3135     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "dtb-randomness",
3136                                           "Set off to disable passing random or "
3137                                           "non-deterministic dtb nodes to guest");
3138 
3139     object_class_property_add_bool(oc, "dtb-kaslr-seed",
3140                                    virt_get_dtb_randomness,
3141                                    virt_set_dtb_randomness);
3142     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "dtb-kaslr-seed",
3143                                           "Deprecated synonym of dtb-randomness");
3144 
3145     object_class_property_add_str(oc, "x-oem-id",
3146                                   virt_get_oem_id,
3147                                   virt_set_oem_id);
3148     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "x-oem-id",
3149                                           "Override the default value of field OEMID "
3150                                           "in ACPI table header."
3151                                           "The string may be up to 6 bytes in size");
3152 
3153 
3154     object_class_property_add_str(oc, "x-oem-table-id",
3155                                   virt_get_oem_table_id,
3156                                   virt_set_oem_table_id);
3157     object_class_property_set_description(oc, "x-oem-table-id",
3158                                           "Override the default value of field OEM Table ID "
3159                                           "in ACPI table header."
3160                                           "The string may be up to 8 bytes in size");
3161 
3162 }
3163 
3164 static void virt_instance_init(Object *obj)
3165 {
3166     VirtMachineState *vms = VIRT_MACHINE(obj);
3167     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(vms);
3168 
3169     /* EL3 is disabled by default on virt: this makes us consistent
3170      * between KVM and TCG for this board, and it also allows us to
3171      * boot UEFI blobs which assume no TrustZone support.
3172      */
3173     vms->secure = false;
3174 
3175     /* EL2 is also disabled by default, for similar reasons */
3176     vms->virt = false;
3177 
3178     /* High memory is enabled by default */
3179     vms->highmem = true;
3180     vms->highmem_compact = !vmc->no_highmem_compact;
3181     vms->gic_version = VIRT_GIC_VERSION_NOSEL;
3182 
3183     vms->highmem_ecam = !vmc->no_highmem_ecam;
3184     vms->highmem_mmio = true;
3185     vms->highmem_redists = true;
3186 
3187     if (vmc->no_its) {
3188         vms->its = false;
3189     } else {
3190         /* Default allows ITS instantiation */
3191         vms->its = true;
3192 
3193         if (vmc->no_tcg_its) {
3194             vms->tcg_its = false;
3195         } else {
3196             vms->tcg_its = true;
3197         }
3198     }
3199 
3200     /* Default disallows iommu instantiation */
3201     vms->iommu = VIRT_IOMMU_NONE;
3202 
3203     /* The default root bus is attached to iommu by default */
3204     vms->default_bus_bypass_iommu = false;
3205 
3206     /* Default disallows RAS instantiation */
3207     vms->ras = false;
3208 
3209     /* MTE is disabled by default.  */
3210     vms->mte = false;
3211 
3212     /* Supply kaslr-seed and rng-seed by default */
3213     vms->dtb_randomness = true;
3214 
3215     vms->irqmap = a15irqmap;
3216 
3217     virt_flash_create(vms);
3218 
3219     vms->oem_id = g_strndup(ACPI_BUILD_APPNAME6, 6);
3220     vms->oem_table_id = g_strndup(ACPI_BUILD_APPNAME8, 8);
3221 }
3222 
3223 static const TypeInfo virt_machine_info = {
3224     .name          = TYPE_VIRT_MACHINE,
3225     .parent        = TYPE_MACHINE,
3226     .abstract      = true,
3227     .instance_size = sizeof(VirtMachineState),
3228     .class_size    = sizeof(VirtMachineClass),
3229     .class_init    = virt_machine_class_init,
3230     .instance_init = virt_instance_init,
3231     .interfaces = (InterfaceInfo[]) {
3232          { TYPE_HOTPLUG_HANDLER },
3233          { }
3234     },
3235 };
3236 
3237 static void machvirt_machine_init(void)
3238 {
3239     type_register_static(&virt_machine_info);
3240 }
3241 type_init(machvirt_machine_init);
3242 
3243 static void virt_machine_8_1_options(MachineClass *mc)
3244 {
3245 }
3246 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE_AS_LATEST(8, 1)
3247 
3248 static void virt_machine_8_0_options(MachineClass *mc)
3249 {
3250     virt_machine_8_1_options(mc);
3251     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_8_0, hw_compat_8_0_len);
3252 }
3253 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(8, 0)
3254 
3255 static void virt_machine_7_2_options(MachineClass *mc)
3256 {
3257     virt_machine_8_0_options(mc);
3258     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_7_2, hw_compat_7_2_len);
3259 }
3260 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(7, 2)
3261 
3262 static void virt_machine_7_1_options(MachineClass *mc)
3263 {
3264     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3265 
3266     virt_machine_7_2_options(mc);
3267     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_7_1, hw_compat_7_1_len);
3268     /* Compact layout for high memory regions was introduced with 7.2 */
3269     vmc->no_highmem_compact = true;
3270 }
3271 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(7, 1)
3272 
3273 static void virt_machine_7_0_options(MachineClass *mc)
3274 {
3275     virt_machine_7_1_options(mc);
3276     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_7_0, hw_compat_7_0_len);
3277 }
3278 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(7, 0)
3279 
3280 static void virt_machine_6_2_options(MachineClass *mc)
3281 {
3282     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3283 
3284     virt_machine_7_0_options(mc);
3285     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_6_2, hw_compat_6_2_len);
3286     vmc->no_tcg_lpa2 = true;
3287 }
3288 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(6, 2)
3289 
3290 static void virt_machine_6_1_options(MachineClass *mc)
3291 {
3292     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3293 
3294     virt_machine_6_2_options(mc);
3295     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_6_1, hw_compat_6_1_len);
3296     mc->smp_props.prefer_sockets = true;
3297     vmc->no_cpu_topology = true;
3298 
3299     /* qemu ITS was introduced with 6.2 */
3300     vmc->no_tcg_its = true;
3301 }
3302 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(6, 1)
3303 
3304 static void virt_machine_6_0_options(MachineClass *mc)
3305 {
3306     virt_machine_6_1_options(mc);
3307     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_6_0, hw_compat_6_0_len);
3308 }
3309 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(6, 0)
3310 
3311 static void virt_machine_5_2_options(MachineClass *mc)
3312 {
3313     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3314 
3315     virt_machine_6_0_options(mc);
3316     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_5_2, hw_compat_5_2_len);
3317     vmc->no_secure_gpio = true;
3318 }
3319 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(5, 2)
3320 
3321 static void virt_machine_5_1_options(MachineClass *mc)
3322 {
3323     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3324 
3325     virt_machine_5_2_options(mc);
3326     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_5_1, hw_compat_5_1_len);
3327     vmc->no_kvm_steal_time = true;
3328 }
3329 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(5, 1)
3330 
3331 static void virt_machine_5_0_options(MachineClass *mc)
3332 {
3333     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3334 
3335     virt_machine_5_1_options(mc);
3336     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_5_0, hw_compat_5_0_len);
3337     mc->numa_mem_supported = true;
3338     vmc->acpi_expose_flash = true;
3339     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memdev = false;
3340 }
3341 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(5, 0)
3342 
3343 static void virt_machine_4_2_options(MachineClass *mc)
3344 {
3345     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3346 
3347     virt_machine_5_0_options(mc);
3348     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_4_2, hw_compat_4_2_len);
3349     vmc->kvm_no_adjvtime = true;
3350 }
3351 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(4, 2)
3352 
3353 static void virt_machine_4_1_options(MachineClass *mc)
3354 {
3355     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3356 
3357     virt_machine_4_2_options(mc);
3358     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_4_1, hw_compat_4_1_len);
3359     vmc->no_ged = true;
3360     mc->auto_enable_numa_with_memhp = false;
3361 }
3362 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(4, 1)
3363 
3364 static void virt_machine_4_0_options(MachineClass *mc)
3365 {
3366     virt_machine_4_1_options(mc);
3367     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_4_0, hw_compat_4_0_len);
3368 }
3369 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(4, 0)
3370 
3371 static void virt_machine_3_1_options(MachineClass *mc)
3372 {
3373     virt_machine_4_0_options(mc);
3374     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_3_1, hw_compat_3_1_len);
3375 }
3376 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(3, 1)
3377 
3378 static void virt_machine_3_0_options(MachineClass *mc)
3379 {
3380     virt_machine_3_1_options(mc);
3381     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_3_0, hw_compat_3_0_len);
3382 }
3383 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(3, 0)
3384 
3385 static void virt_machine_2_12_options(MachineClass *mc)
3386 {
3387     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3388 
3389     virt_machine_3_0_options(mc);
3390     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_2_12, hw_compat_2_12_len);
3391     vmc->no_highmem_ecam = true;
3392     mc->max_cpus = 255;
3393 }
3394 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(2, 12)
3395 
3396 static void virt_machine_2_11_options(MachineClass *mc)
3397 {
3398     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3399 
3400     virt_machine_2_12_options(mc);
3401     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_2_11, hw_compat_2_11_len);
3402     vmc->smbios_old_sys_ver = true;
3403 }
3404 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(2, 11)
3405 
3406 static void virt_machine_2_10_options(MachineClass *mc)
3407 {
3408     virt_machine_2_11_options(mc);
3409     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_2_10, hw_compat_2_10_len);
3410     /* before 2.11 we never faulted accesses to bad addresses */
3411     mc->ignore_memory_transaction_failures = true;
3412 }
3413 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(2, 10)
3414 
3415 static void virt_machine_2_9_options(MachineClass *mc)
3416 {
3417     virt_machine_2_10_options(mc);
3418     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_2_9, hw_compat_2_9_len);
3419 }
3420 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(2, 9)
3421 
3422 static void virt_machine_2_8_options(MachineClass *mc)
3423 {
3424     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3425 
3426     virt_machine_2_9_options(mc);
3427     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_2_8, hw_compat_2_8_len);
3428     /* For 2.8 and earlier we falsely claimed in the DT that
3429      * our timers were edge-triggered, not level-triggered.
3430      */
3431     vmc->claim_edge_triggered_timers = true;
3432 }
3433 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(2, 8)
3434 
3435 static void virt_machine_2_7_options(MachineClass *mc)
3436 {
3437     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3438 
3439     virt_machine_2_8_options(mc);
3440     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_2_7, hw_compat_2_7_len);
3441     /* ITS was introduced with 2.8 */
3442     vmc->no_its = true;
3443     /* Stick with 1K pages for migration compatibility */
3444     mc->minimum_page_bits = 0;
3445 }
3446 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(2, 7)
3447 
3448 static void virt_machine_2_6_options(MachineClass *mc)
3449 {
3450     VirtMachineClass *vmc = VIRT_MACHINE_CLASS(OBJECT_CLASS(mc));
3451 
3452     virt_machine_2_7_options(mc);
3453     compat_props_add(mc->compat_props, hw_compat_2_6, hw_compat_2_6_len);
3454     vmc->disallow_affinity_adjustment = true;
3455     /* Disable PMU for 2.6 as PMU support was first introduced in 2.7 */
3456     vmc->no_pmu = true;
3457 }
3458 DEFINE_VIRT_MACHINE(2, 6)
3459