xref: /openbmc/qemu/hw/arm/vexpress.c (revision db432672)
1 /*
2  * ARM Versatile Express emulation.
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2010 - 2011 B Labs Ltd.
5  * Copyright (c) 2011 Linaro Limited
6  * Written by Bahadir Balban, Amit Mahajan, Peter Maydell
7  *
8  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
10  *  published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
18  *  with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19  *
20  *  Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
21  *  GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
22  */
23 
24 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
25 #include "qapi/error.h"
26 #include "qemu-common.h"
27 #include "cpu.h"
28 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
29 #include "hw/arm/arm.h"
30 #include "hw/arm/primecell.h"
31 #include "hw/devices.h"
32 #include "net/net.h"
33 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
34 #include "hw/boards.h"
35 #include "hw/loader.h"
36 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
37 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
38 #include "hw/block/flash.h"
39 #include "sysemu/device_tree.h"
40 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
41 #include <libfdt.h>
42 #include "hw/char/pl011.h"
43 #include "hw/cpu/a9mpcore.h"
44 #include "hw/cpu/a15mpcore.h"
45 
46 #define VEXPRESS_BOARD_ID 0x8e0
47 #define VEXPRESS_FLASH_SIZE (64 * 1024 * 1024)
48 #define VEXPRESS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE (256 * 1024)
49 
50 /* Number of virtio transports to create (0..8; limited by
51  * number of available IRQ lines).
52  */
53 #define NUM_VIRTIO_TRANSPORTS 4
54 
55 /* Address maps for peripherals:
56  * the Versatile Express motherboard has two possible maps,
57  * the "legacy" one (used for A9) and the "Cortex-A Series"
58  * map (used for newer cores).
59  * Individual daughterboards can also have different maps for
60  * their peripherals.
61  */
62 
63 enum {
64     VE_SYSREGS,
65     VE_SP810,
66     VE_SERIALPCI,
67     VE_PL041,
68     VE_MMCI,
69     VE_KMI0,
70     VE_KMI1,
71     VE_UART0,
72     VE_UART1,
73     VE_UART2,
74     VE_UART3,
75     VE_WDT,
76     VE_TIMER01,
77     VE_TIMER23,
78     VE_SERIALDVI,
79     VE_RTC,
80     VE_COMPACTFLASH,
81     VE_CLCD,
82     VE_NORFLASH0,
83     VE_NORFLASH1,
84     VE_NORFLASHALIAS,
85     VE_SRAM,
86     VE_VIDEORAM,
87     VE_ETHERNET,
88     VE_USB,
89     VE_DAPROM,
90     VE_VIRTIO,
91 };
92 
93 static hwaddr motherboard_legacy_map[] = {
94     [VE_NORFLASHALIAS] = 0,
95     /* CS7: 0x10000000 .. 0x10020000 */
96     [VE_SYSREGS] = 0x10000000,
97     [VE_SP810] = 0x10001000,
98     [VE_SERIALPCI] = 0x10002000,
99     [VE_PL041] = 0x10004000,
100     [VE_MMCI] = 0x10005000,
101     [VE_KMI0] = 0x10006000,
102     [VE_KMI1] = 0x10007000,
103     [VE_UART0] = 0x10009000,
104     [VE_UART1] = 0x1000a000,
105     [VE_UART2] = 0x1000b000,
106     [VE_UART3] = 0x1000c000,
107     [VE_WDT] = 0x1000f000,
108     [VE_TIMER01] = 0x10011000,
109     [VE_TIMER23] = 0x10012000,
110     [VE_VIRTIO] = 0x10013000,
111     [VE_SERIALDVI] = 0x10016000,
112     [VE_RTC] = 0x10017000,
113     [VE_COMPACTFLASH] = 0x1001a000,
114     [VE_CLCD] = 0x1001f000,
115     /* CS0: 0x40000000 .. 0x44000000 */
116     [VE_NORFLASH0] = 0x40000000,
117     /* CS1: 0x44000000 .. 0x48000000 */
118     [VE_NORFLASH1] = 0x44000000,
119     /* CS2: 0x48000000 .. 0x4a000000 */
120     [VE_SRAM] = 0x48000000,
121     /* CS3: 0x4c000000 .. 0x50000000 */
122     [VE_VIDEORAM] = 0x4c000000,
123     [VE_ETHERNET] = 0x4e000000,
124     [VE_USB] = 0x4f000000,
125 };
126 
127 static hwaddr motherboard_aseries_map[] = {
128     [VE_NORFLASHALIAS] = 0,
129     /* CS0: 0x08000000 .. 0x0c000000 */
130     [VE_NORFLASH0] = 0x08000000,
131     /* CS4: 0x0c000000 .. 0x10000000 */
132     [VE_NORFLASH1] = 0x0c000000,
133     /* CS5: 0x10000000 .. 0x14000000 */
134     /* CS1: 0x14000000 .. 0x18000000 */
135     [VE_SRAM] = 0x14000000,
136     /* CS2: 0x18000000 .. 0x1c000000 */
137     [VE_VIDEORAM] = 0x18000000,
138     [VE_ETHERNET] = 0x1a000000,
139     [VE_USB] = 0x1b000000,
140     /* CS3: 0x1c000000 .. 0x20000000 */
141     [VE_DAPROM] = 0x1c000000,
142     [VE_SYSREGS] = 0x1c010000,
143     [VE_SP810] = 0x1c020000,
144     [VE_SERIALPCI] = 0x1c030000,
145     [VE_PL041] = 0x1c040000,
146     [VE_MMCI] = 0x1c050000,
147     [VE_KMI0] = 0x1c060000,
148     [VE_KMI1] = 0x1c070000,
149     [VE_UART0] = 0x1c090000,
150     [VE_UART1] = 0x1c0a0000,
151     [VE_UART2] = 0x1c0b0000,
152     [VE_UART3] = 0x1c0c0000,
153     [VE_WDT] = 0x1c0f0000,
154     [VE_TIMER01] = 0x1c110000,
155     [VE_TIMER23] = 0x1c120000,
156     [VE_VIRTIO] = 0x1c130000,
157     [VE_SERIALDVI] = 0x1c160000,
158     [VE_RTC] = 0x1c170000,
159     [VE_COMPACTFLASH] = 0x1c1a0000,
160     [VE_CLCD] = 0x1c1f0000,
161 };
162 
163 /* Structure defining the peculiarities of a specific daughterboard */
164 
165 typedef struct VEDBoardInfo VEDBoardInfo;
166 
167 typedef struct {
168     MachineClass parent;
169     VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard;
170 } VexpressMachineClass;
171 
172 typedef struct {
173     MachineState parent;
174     bool secure;
175 } VexpressMachineState;
176 
177 #define TYPE_VEXPRESS_MACHINE   "vexpress"
178 #define TYPE_VEXPRESS_A9_MACHINE   MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("vexpress-a9")
179 #define TYPE_VEXPRESS_A15_MACHINE   MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("vexpress-a15")
180 #define VEXPRESS_MACHINE(obj) \
181     OBJECT_CHECK(VexpressMachineState, (obj), TYPE_VEXPRESS_MACHINE)
182 #define VEXPRESS_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(obj) \
183     OBJECT_GET_CLASS(VexpressMachineClass, obj, TYPE_VEXPRESS_MACHINE)
184 #define VEXPRESS_MACHINE_CLASS(klass) \
185     OBJECT_CLASS_CHECK(VexpressMachineClass, klass, TYPE_VEXPRESS_MACHINE)
186 
187 typedef void DBoardInitFn(const VexpressMachineState *machine,
188                           ram_addr_t ram_size,
189                           const char *cpu_type,
190                           qemu_irq *pic);
191 
192 struct VEDBoardInfo {
193     struct arm_boot_info bootinfo;
194     const hwaddr *motherboard_map;
195     hwaddr loader_start;
196     const hwaddr gic_cpu_if_addr;
197     uint32_t proc_id;
198     uint32_t num_voltage_sensors;
199     const uint32_t *voltages;
200     uint32_t num_clocks;
201     const uint32_t *clocks;
202     DBoardInitFn *init;
203 };
204 
205 static void init_cpus(const char *cpu_type, const char *privdev,
206                       hwaddr periphbase, qemu_irq *pic, bool secure)
207 {
208     DeviceState *dev;
209     SysBusDevice *busdev;
210     int n;
211 
212     /* Create the actual CPUs */
213     for (n = 0; n < smp_cpus; n++) {
214         Object *cpuobj = object_new(cpu_type);
215 
216         if (!secure) {
217             object_property_set_bool(cpuobj, false, "has_el3", NULL);
218         }
219 
220         if (object_property_find(cpuobj, "reset-cbar", NULL)) {
221             object_property_set_int(cpuobj, periphbase,
222                                     "reset-cbar", &error_abort);
223         }
224         object_property_set_bool(cpuobj, true, "realized", &error_fatal);
225     }
226 
227     /* Create the private peripheral devices (including the GIC);
228      * this must happen after the CPUs are created because a15mpcore_priv
229      * wires itself up to the CPU's generic_timer gpio out lines.
230      */
231     dev = qdev_create(NULL, privdev);
232     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-cpu", smp_cpus);
233     qdev_init_nofail(dev);
234     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
235     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, periphbase);
236 
237     /* Interrupts [42:0] are from the motherboard;
238      * [47:43] are reserved; [63:48] are daughterboard
239      * peripherals. Note that some documentation numbers
240      * external interrupts starting from 32 (because there
241      * are internal interrupts 0..31).
242      */
243     for (n = 0; n < 64; n++) {
244         pic[n] = qdev_get_gpio_in(dev, n);
245     }
246 
247     /* Connect the CPUs to the GIC */
248     for (n = 0; n < smp_cpus; n++) {
249         DeviceState *cpudev = DEVICE(qemu_get_cpu(n));
250 
251         sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, n, qdev_get_gpio_in(cpudev, ARM_CPU_IRQ));
252         sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, n + smp_cpus,
253                            qdev_get_gpio_in(cpudev, ARM_CPU_FIQ));
254     }
255 }
256 
257 static void a9_daughterboard_init(const VexpressMachineState *vms,
258                                   ram_addr_t ram_size,
259                                   const char *cpu_type,
260                                   qemu_irq *pic)
261 {
262     MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
263     MemoryRegion *ram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
264     MemoryRegion *lowram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
265     ram_addr_t low_ram_size;
266 
267     if (ram_size > 0x40000000) {
268         /* 1GB is the maximum the address space permits */
269         error_report("vexpress-a9: cannot model more than 1GB RAM");
270         exit(1);
271     }
272 
273     memory_region_allocate_system_memory(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem",
274                                          ram_size);
275     low_ram_size = ram_size;
276     if (low_ram_size > 0x4000000) {
277         low_ram_size = 0x4000000;
278     }
279     /* RAM is from 0x60000000 upwards. The bottom 64MB of the
280      * address space should in theory be remappable to various
281      * things including ROM or RAM; we always map the RAM there.
282      */
283     memory_region_init_alias(lowram, NULL, "vexpress.lowmem", ram, 0, low_ram_size);
284     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x0, lowram);
285     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x60000000, ram);
286 
287     /* 0x1e000000 A9MPCore (SCU) private memory region */
288     init_cpus(cpu_type, TYPE_A9MPCORE_PRIV, 0x1e000000, pic, vms->secure);
289 
290     /* Daughterboard peripherals : 0x10020000 .. 0x20000000 */
291 
292     /* 0x10020000 PL111 CLCD (daughterboard) */
293     sysbus_create_simple("pl111", 0x10020000, pic[44]);
294 
295     /* 0x10060000 AXI RAM */
296     /* 0x100e0000 PL341 Dynamic Memory Controller */
297     /* 0x100e1000 PL354 Static Memory Controller */
298     /* 0x100e2000 System Configuration Controller */
299 
300     sysbus_create_simple("sp804", 0x100e4000, pic[48]);
301     /* 0x100e5000 SP805 Watchdog module */
302     /* 0x100e6000 BP147 TrustZone Protection Controller */
303     /* 0x100e9000 PL301 'Fast' AXI matrix */
304     /* 0x100ea000 PL301 'Slow' AXI matrix */
305     /* 0x100ec000 TrustZone Address Space Controller */
306     /* 0x10200000 CoreSight debug APB */
307     /* 0x1e00a000 PL310 L2 Cache Controller */
308     sysbus_create_varargs("l2x0", 0x1e00a000, NULL);
309 }
310 
311 /* Voltage values for SYS_CFG_VOLT daughterboard registers;
312  * values are in microvolts.
313  */
314 static const uint32_t a9_voltages[] = {
315     1000000, /* VD10 : 1.0V : SoC internal logic voltage */
316     1000000, /* VD10_S2 : 1.0V : PL310, L2 cache, RAM, non-PL310 logic */
317     1000000, /* VD10_S3 : 1.0V : Cortex-A9, cores, MPEs, SCU, PL310 logic */
318     1800000, /* VCC1V8 : 1.8V : DDR2 SDRAM, test chip DDR2 I/O supply */
319     900000, /* DDR2VTT : 0.9V : DDR2 SDRAM VTT termination voltage */
320     3300000, /* VCC3V3 : 3.3V : local board supply for misc external logic */
321 };
322 
323 /* Reset values for daughterboard oscillators (in Hz) */
324 static const uint32_t a9_clocks[] = {
325     45000000, /* AMBA AXI ACLK: 45MHz */
326     23750000, /* daughterboard CLCD clock: 23.75MHz */
327     66670000, /* Test chip reference clock: 66.67MHz */
328 };
329 
330 static VEDBoardInfo a9_daughterboard = {
331     .motherboard_map = motherboard_legacy_map,
332     .loader_start = 0x60000000,
333     .gic_cpu_if_addr = 0x1e000100,
334     .proc_id = 0x0c000191,
335     .num_voltage_sensors = ARRAY_SIZE(a9_voltages),
336     .voltages = a9_voltages,
337     .num_clocks = ARRAY_SIZE(a9_clocks),
338     .clocks = a9_clocks,
339     .init = a9_daughterboard_init,
340 };
341 
342 static void a15_daughterboard_init(const VexpressMachineState *vms,
343                                    ram_addr_t ram_size,
344                                    const char *cpu_type,
345                                    qemu_irq *pic)
346 {
347     MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
348     MemoryRegion *ram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
349     MemoryRegion *sram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
350 
351     {
352         /* We have to use a separate 64 bit variable here to avoid the gcc
353          * "comparison is always false due to limited range of data type"
354          * warning if we are on a host where ram_addr_t is 32 bits.
355          */
356         uint64_t rsz = ram_size;
357         if (rsz > (30ULL * 1024 * 1024 * 1024)) {
358             error_report("vexpress-a15: cannot model more than 30GB RAM");
359             exit(1);
360         }
361     }
362 
363     memory_region_allocate_system_memory(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem",
364                                          ram_size);
365     /* RAM is from 0x80000000 upwards; there is no low-memory alias for it. */
366     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x80000000, ram);
367 
368     /* 0x2c000000 A15MPCore private memory region (GIC) */
369     init_cpus(cpu_type, TYPE_A15MPCORE_PRIV, 0x2c000000, pic, vms->secure);
370 
371     /* A15 daughterboard peripherals: */
372 
373     /* 0x20000000: CoreSight interfaces: not modelled */
374     /* 0x2a000000: PL301 AXI interconnect: not modelled */
375     /* 0x2a420000: SCC: not modelled */
376     /* 0x2a430000: system counter: not modelled */
377     /* 0x2b000000: HDLCD controller: not modelled */
378     /* 0x2b060000: SP805 watchdog: not modelled */
379     /* 0x2b0a0000: PL341 dynamic memory controller: not modelled */
380     /* 0x2e000000: system SRAM */
381     memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "vexpress.a15sram", 0x10000,
382                            &error_fatal);
383     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x2e000000, sram);
384 
385     /* 0x7ffb0000: DMA330 DMA controller: not modelled */
386     /* 0x7ffd0000: PL354 static memory controller: not modelled */
387 }
388 
389 static const uint32_t a15_voltages[] = {
390     900000, /* Vcore: 0.9V : CPU core voltage */
391 };
392 
393 static const uint32_t a15_clocks[] = {
394     60000000, /* OSCCLK0: 60MHz : CPU_CLK reference */
395     0, /* OSCCLK1: reserved */
396     0, /* OSCCLK2: reserved */
397     0, /* OSCCLK3: reserved */
398     40000000, /* OSCCLK4: 40MHz : external AXI master clock */
399     23750000, /* OSCCLK5: 23.75MHz : HDLCD PLL reference */
400     50000000, /* OSCCLK6: 50MHz : static memory controller clock */
401     60000000, /* OSCCLK7: 60MHz : SYSCLK reference */
402     40000000, /* OSCCLK8: 40MHz : DDR2 PLL reference */
403 };
404 
405 static VEDBoardInfo a15_daughterboard = {
406     .motherboard_map = motherboard_aseries_map,
407     .loader_start = 0x80000000,
408     .gic_cpu_if_addr = 0x2c002000,
409     .proc_id = 0x14000237,
410     .num_voltage_sensors = ARRAY_SIZE(a15_voltages),
411     .voltages = a15_voltages,
412     .num_clocks = ARRAY_SIZE(a15_clocks),
413     .clocks = a15_clocks,
414     .init = a15_daughterboard_init,
415 };
416 
417 static int add_virtio_mmio_node(void *fdt, uint32_t acells, uint32_t scells,
418                                 hwaddr addr, hwaddr size, uint32_t intc,
419                                 int irq)
420 {
421     /* Add a virtio_mmio node to the device tree blob:
422      *   virtio_mmio@ADDRESS {
423      *       compatible = "virtio,mmio";
424      *       reg = <ADDRESS, SIZE>;
425      *       interrupt-parent = <&intc>;
426      *       interrupts = <0, irq, 1>;
427      *   }
428      * (Note that the format of the interrupts property is dependent on the
429      * interrupt controller that interrupt-parent points to; these are for
430      * the ARM GIC and indicate an SPI interrupt, rising-edge-triggered.)
431      */
432     int rc;
433     char *nodename = g_strdup_printf("/virtio_mmio@%" PRIx64, addr);
434 
435     rc = qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
436     rc |= qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename,
437                                   "compatible", "virtio,mmio");
438     rc |= qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(fdt, nodename, "reg",
439                                        acells, addr, scells, size);
440     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-parent", intc);
441     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupts", 0, irq, 1);
442     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, nodename, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0);
443     g_free(nodename);
444     if (rc) {
445         return -1;
446     }
447     return 0;
448 }
449 
450 static uint32_t find_int_controller(void *fdt)
451 {
452     /* Find the FDT node corresponding to the interrupt controller
453      * for virtio-mmio devices. We do this by scanning the fdt for
454      * a node with the right compatibility, since we know there is
455      * only one GIC on a vexpress board.
456      * We return the phandle of the node, or 0 if none was found.
457      */
458     const char *compat = "arm,cortex-a9-gic";
459     int offset;
460 
461     offset = fdt_node_offset_by_compatible(fdt, -1, compat);
462     if (offset >= 0) {
463         return fdt_get_phandle(fdt, offset);
464     }
465     return 0;
466 }
467 
468 static void vexpress_modify_dtb(const struct arm_boot_info *info, void *fdt)
469 {
470     uint32_t acells, scells, intc;
471     const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard = (const VEDBoardInfo *)info;
472 
473     acells = qemu_fdt_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells",
474                                    NULL, &error_fatal);
475     scells = qemu_fdt_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells",
476                                    NULL, &error_fatal);
477     intc = find_int_controller(fdt);
478     if (!intc) {
479         /* Not fatal, we just won't provide virtio. This will
480          * happen with older device tree blobs.
481          */
482         warn_report("couldn't find interrupt controller in "
483                     "dtb; will not include virtio-mmio devices in the dtb");
484     } else {
485         int i;
486         const hwaddr *map = daughterboard->motherboard_map;
487 
488         /* We iterate backwards here because adding nodes
489          * to the dtb puts them in last-first.
490          */
491         for (i = NUM_VIRTIO_TRANSPORTS - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
492             add_virtio_mmio_node(fdt, acells, scells,
493                                  map[VE_VIRTIO] + 0x200 * i,
494                                  0x200, intc, 40 + i);
495         }
496     }
497 }
498 
499 
500 /* Open code a private version of pflash registration since we
501  * need to set non-default device width for VExpress platform.
502  */
503 static pflash_t *ve_pflash_cfi01_register(hwaddr base, const char *name,
504                                           DriveInfo *di)
505 {
506     DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(NULL, "cfi.pflash01");
507 
508     if (di) {
509         qdev_prop_set_drive(dev, "drive", blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di),
510                             &error_abort);
511     }
512 
513     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-blocks",
514                          VEXPRESS_FLASH_SIZE / VEXPRESS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE);
515     qdev_prop_set_uint64(dev, "sector-length", VEXPRESS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE);
516     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "width", 4);
517     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "device-width", 2);
518     qdev_prop_set_bit(dev, "big-endian", false);
519     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id0", 0x89);
520     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id1", 0x18);
521     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id2", 0x00);
522     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id3", 0x00);
523     qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "name", name);
524     qdev_init_nofail(dev);
525 
526     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, base);
527     return OBJECT_CHECK(pflash_t, (dev), "cfi.pflash01");
528 }
529 
530 static void vexpress_common_init(MachineState *machine)
531 {
532     VexpressMachineState *vms = VEXPRESS_MACHINE(machine);
533     VexpressMachineClass *vmc = VEXPRESS_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
534     VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard = vmc->daughterboard;
535     DeviceState *dev, *sysctl, *pl041;
536     qemu_irq pic[64];
537     uint32_t sys_id;
538     DriveInfo *dinfo;
539     pflash_t *pflash0;
540     ram_addr_t vram_size, sram_size;
541     MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
542     MemoryRegion *vram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
543     MemoryRegion *sram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
544     MemoryRegion *flashalias = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
545     MemoryRegion *flash0mem;
546     const hwaddr *map = daughterboard->motherboard_map;
547     int i;
548 
549     daughterboard->init(vms, machine->ram_size, machine->cpu_type, pic);
550 
551     /*
552      * If a bios file was provided, attempt to map it into memory
553      */
554     if (bios_name) {
555         char *fn;
556         int image_size;
557 
558         if (drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, 0)) {
559             error_report("The contents of the first flash device may be "
560                          "specified with -bios or with -drive if=pflash... "
561                          "but you cannot use both options at once");
562             exit(1);
563         }
564         fn = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
565         if (!fn) {
566             error_report("Could not find ROM image '%s'", bios_name);
567             exit(1);
568         }
569         image_size = load_image_targphys(fn, map[VE_NORFLASH0],
570                                          VEXPRESS_FLASH_SIZE);
571         g_free(fn);
572         if (image_size < 0) {
573             error_report("Could not load ROM image '%s'", bios_name);
574             exit(1);
575         }
576     }
577 
578     /* Motherboard peripherals: the wiring is the same but the
579      * addresses vary between the legacy and A-Series memory maps.
580      */
581 
582     sys_id = 0x1190f500;
583 
584     sysctl = qdev_create(NULL, "realview_sysctl");
585     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "sys_id", sys_id);
586     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "proc_id", daughterboard->proc_id);
587     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "len-db-voltage",
588                          daughterboard->num_voltage_sensors);
589     for (i = 0; i < daughterboard->num_voltage_sensors; i++) {
590         char *propname = g_strdup_printf("db-voltage[%d]", i);
591         qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, propname, daughterboard->voltages[i]);
592         g_free(propname);
593     }
594     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "len-db-clock",
595                          daughterboard->num_clocks);
596     for (i = 0; i < daughterboard->num_clocks; i++) {
597         char *propname = g_strdup_printf("db-clock[%d]", i);
598         qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, propname, daughterboard->clocks[i]);
599         g_free(propname);
600     }
601     qdev_init_nofail(sysctl);
602     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(sysctl), 0, map[VE_SYSREGS]);
603 
604     /* VE_SP810: not modelled */
605     /* VE_SERIALPCI: not modelled */
606 
607     pl041 = qdev_create(NULL, "pl041");
608     qdev_prop_set_uint32(pl041, "nc_fifo_depth", 512);
609     qdev_init_nofail(pl041);
610     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl041), 0, map[VE_PL041]);
611     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl041), 0, pic[11]);
612 
613     dev = sysbus_create_varargs("pl181", map[VE_MMCI], pic[9], pic[10], NULL);
614     /* Wire up MMC card detect and read-only signals */
615     qdev_connect_gpio_out(dev, 0,
616                           qdev_get_gpio_in(sysctl, ARM_SYSCTL_GPIO_MMC_WPROT));
617     qdev_connect_gpio_out(dev, 1,
618                           qdev_get_gpio_in(sysctl, ARM_SYSCTL_GPIO_MMC_CARDIN));
619 
620     sysbus_create_simple("pl050_keyboard", map[VE_KMI0], pic[12]);
621     sysbus_create_simple("pl050_mouse", map[VE_KMI1], pic[13]);
622 
623     pl011_create(map[VE_UART0], pic[5], serial_hds[0]);
624     pl011_create(map[VE_UART1], pic[6], serial_hds[1]);
625     pl011_create(map[VE_UART2], pic[7], serial_hds[2]);
626     pl011_create(map[VE_UART3], pic[8], serial_hds[3]);
627 
628     sysbus_create_simple("sp804", map[VE_TIMER01], pic[2]);
629     sysbus_create_simple("sp804", map[VE_TIMER23], pic[3]);
630 
631     /* VE_SERIALDVI: not modelled */
632 
633     sysbus_create_simple("pl031", map[VE_RTC], pic[4]); /* RTC */
634 
635     /* VE_COMPACTFLASH: not modelled */
636 
637     sysbus_create_simple("pl111", map[VE_CLCD], pic[14]);
638 
639     dinfo = drive_get_next(IF_PFLASH);
640     pflash0 = ve_pflash_cfi01_register(map[VE_NORFLASH0], "vexpress.flash0",
641                                        dinfo);
642     if (!pflash0) {
643         error_report("vexpress: error registering flash 0");
644         exit(1);
645     }
646 
647     if (map[VE_NORFLASHALIAS] != -1) {
648         /* Map flash 0 as an alias into low memory */
649         flash0mem = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pflash0), 0);
650         memory_region_init_alias(flashalias, NULL, "vexpress.flashalias",
651                                  flash0mem, 0, VEXPRESS_FLASH_SIZE);
652         memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_NORFLASHALIAS], flashalias);
653     }
654 
655     dinfo = drive_get_next(IF_PFLASH);
656     if (!ve_pflash_cfi01_register(map[VE_NORFLASH1], "vexpress.flash1",
657                                   dinfo)) {
658         error_report("vexpress: error registering flash 1");
659         exit(1);
660     }
661 
662     sram_size = 0x2000000;
663     memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "vexpress.sram", sram_size,
664                            &error_fatal);
665     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_SRAM], sram);
666 
667     vram_size = 0x800000;
668     memory_region_init_ram(vram, NULL, "vexpress.vram", vram_size,
669                            &error_fatal);
670     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_VIDEORAM], vram);
671 
672     /* 0x4e000000 LAN9118 Ethernet */
673     if (nd_table[0].used) {
674         lan9118_init(&nd_table[0], map[VE_ETHERNET], pic[15]);
675     }
676 
677     /* VE_USB: not modelled */
678 
679     /* VE_DAPROM: not modelled */
680 
681     /* Create mmio transports, so the user can create virtio backends
682      * (which will be automatically plugged in to the transports). If
683      * no backend is created the transport will just sit harmlessly idle.
684      */
685     for (i = 0; i < NUM_VIRTIO_TRANSPORTS; i++) {
686         sysbus_create_simple("virtio-mmio", map[VE_VIRTIO] + 0x200 * i,
687                              pic[40 + i]);
688     }
689 
690     daughterboard->bootinfo.ram_size = machine->ram_size;
691     daughterboard->bootinfo.kernel_filename = machine->kernel_filename;
692     daughterboard->bootinfo.kernel_cmdline = machine->kernel_cmdline;
693     daughterboard->bootinfo.initrd_filename = machine->initrd_filename;
694     daughterboard->bootinfo.nb_cpus = smp_cpus;
695     daughterboard->bootinfo.board_id = VEXPRESS_BOARD_ID;
696     daughterboard->bootinfo.loader_start = daughterboard->loader_start;
697     daughterboard->bootinfo.smp_loader_start = map[VE_SRAM];
698     daughterboard->bootinfo.smp_bootreg_addr = map[VE_SYSREGS] + 0x30;
699     daughterboard->bootinfo.gic_cpu_if_addr = daughterboard->gic_cpu_if_addr;
700     daughterboard->bootinfo.modify_dtb = vexpress_modify_dtb;
701     /* Indicate that when booting Linux we should be in secure state */
702     daughterboard->bootinfo.secure_boot = true;
703     arm_load_kernel(ARM_CPU(first_cpu), &daughterboard->bootinfo);
704 }
705 
706 static bool vexpress_get_secure(Object *obj, Error **errp)
707 {
708     VexpressMachineState *vms = VEXPRESS_MACHINE(obj);
709 
710     return vms->secure;
711 }
712 
713 static void vexpress_set_secure(Object *obj, bool value, Error **errp)
714 {
715     VexpressMachineState *vms = VEXPRESS_MACHINE(obj);
716 
717     vms->secure = value;
718 }
719 
720 static void vexpress_instance_init(Object *obj)
721 {
722     VexpressMachineState *vms = VEXPRESS_MACHINE(obj);
723 
724     /* EL3 is enabled by default on vexpress */
725     vms->secure = true;
726     object_property_add_bool(obj, "secure", vexpress_get_secure,
727                              vexpress_set_secure, NULL);
728     object_property_set_description(obj, "secure",
729                                     "Set on/off to enable/disable the ARM "
730                                     "Security Extensions (TrustZone)",
731                                     NULL);
732 }
733 
734 static void vexpress_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
735 {
736     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
737 
738     mc->desc = "ARM Versatile Express";
739     mc->init = vexpress_common_init;
740     mc->max_cpus = 4;
741     mc->ignore_memory_transaction_failures = true;
742 }
743 
744 static void vexpress_a9_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
745 {
746     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
747     VexpressMachineClass *vmc = VEXPRESS_MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
748 
749     mc->desc = "ARM Versatile Express for Cortex-A9";
750     mc->default_cpu_type = ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a9");
751 
752     vmc->daughterboard = &a9_daughterboard;
753 }
754 
755 static void vexpress_a15_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
756 {
757     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
758     VexpressMachineClass *vmc = VEXPRESS_MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
759 
760     mc->desc = "ARM Versatile Express for Cortex-A15";
761     mc->default_cpu_type = ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-a15");
762 
763     vmc->daughterboard = &a15_daughterboard;
764 }
765 
766 static const TypeInfo vexpress_info = {
767     .name = TYPE_VEXPRESS_MACHINE,
768     .parent = TYPE_MACHINE,
769     .abstract = true,
770     .instance_size = sizeof(VexpressMachineState),
771     .instance_init = vexpress_instance_init,
772     .class_size = sizeof(VexpressMachineClass),
773     .class_init = vexpress_class_init,
774 };
775 
776 static const TypeInfo vexpress_a9_info = {
777     .name = TYPE_VEXPRESS_A9_MACHINE,
778     .parent = TYPE_VEXPRESS_MACHINE,
779     .class_init = vexpress_a9_class_init,
780 };
781 
782 static const TypeInfo vexpress_a15_info = {
783     .name = TYPE_VEXPRESS_A15_MACHINE,
784     .parent = TYPE_VEXPRESS_MACHINE,
785     .class_init = vexpress_a15_class_init,
786 };
787 
788 static void vexpress_machine_init(void)
789 {
790     type_register_static(&vexpress_info);
791     type_register_static(&vexpress_a9_info);
792     type_register_static(&vexpress_a15_info);
793 }
794 
795 type_init(vexpress_machine_init);
796