xref: /openbmc/qemu/docs/specs/fsi.rst (revision ab0c7fb2)
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2IBM's Flexible Service Interface (FSI)
3======================================
4
5The QEMU FSI emulation implements hardware interfaces between ASPEED SOC, FSI
6master/slave and the end engine.
7
8FSI is a point-to-point two wire interface which is capable of supporting
9distances of up to 4 meters. FSI interfaces have been used successfully for
10many years in IBM servers to attach IBM Flexible Support Processors(FSP) to
11CPUs and IBM ASICs.
12
13FSI allows a service processor access to the internal buses of a host POWER
14processor to perform configuration or debugging. FSI has long existed in POWER
15processes and so comes with some baggage, including how it has been integrated
16into the ASPEED SoC.
17
18Working backwards from the POWER processor, the fundamental pieces of interest
19for the implementation are: (see the `FSI specification`_ for more details)
20
211. The Common FRU Access Macro (CFAM), an address space containing various
22   "engines" that drive accesses on buses internal and external to the POWER
23   chip. Examples include the SBEFIFO and I2C masters. The engines hang off of
24   an internal Local Bus (LBUS) which is described by the CFAM configuration
25   block.
26
272. The FSI slave: The slave is the terminal point of the FSI bus for FSI
28   symbols addressed to it. Slaves can be cascaded off of one another. The
29   slave's configuration registers appear in address space of the CFAM to
30   which it is attached.
31
323. The FSI master: A controller in the platform service processor (e.g. BMC)
33   driving CFAM engine accesses into the POWER chip. At the hardware level
34   FSI is a bit-based protocol supporting synchronous and DMA-driven accesses
35   of engines in a CFAM.
36
374. The On-Chip Peripheral Bus (OPB): A low-speed bus typically found in POWER
38   processors. This now makes an appearance in the ASPEED SoC due to tight
39   integration of the FSI master IP with the OPB, mainly the existence of an
40   MMIO-mapping of the CFAM address straight onto a sub-region of the OPB
41   address space.
42
435. An APB-to-OPB bridge enabling access to the OPB from the ARM core in the
44   AST2600. Hardware limitations prevent the OPB from being directly mapped
45   into APB, so all accesses are indirect through the bridge.
46
47The LBUS is modelled to maintain the qdev bus hierarchy and to take advantages
48of the object model to automatically generate the CFAM configuration block.
49The configuration block presents engines in the order they are attached to the
50CFAM's LBUS. Engine implementations should subclass the LBusDevice and set the
51'config' member of LBusDeviceClass to match the engine's type.
52
53CFAM designs offer a lot of flexibility, for instance it is possible for a
54CFAM to be simultaneously driven from multiple FSI links. The modeling is not
55so complete; it's assumed that each CFAM is attached to a single FSI slave (as
56a consequence the CFAM subclasses the FSI slave).
57
58As for FSI, its symbols and wire-protocol are not modelled at all. This is not
59necessary to get FSI off the ground thanks to the mapping of the CFAM address
60space onto the OPB address space - the models follow this directly and map the
61CFAM memory region into the OPB's memory region.
62
63The following commands start the ``rainier-bmc`` machine with built-in FSI
64model. There are no model specific arguments. Please check this document to
65learn more about Aspeed ``rainier-bmc`` machine: (:doc:`../../system/arm/aspeed`)
66
67.. code-block:: console
68
69  qemu-system-arm -M rainier-bmc -nographic \
70  -kernel fitImage-linux.bin \
71  -dtb aspeed-bmc-ibm-rainier.dtb \
72  -initrd obmc-phosphor-initramfs.rootfs.cpio.xz \
73  -drive file=obmc-phosphor-image.rootfs.wic.qcow2,if=sd,index=2 \
74  -append "rootwait console=ttyS4,115200n8 root=PARTLABEL=rofs-a"
75
76The implementation appears as following in the qemu device tree:
77
78.. code-block:: console
79
80  (qemu) info qtree
81  bus: main-system-bus
82    type System
83    ...
84    dev: aspeed.apb2opb, id ""
85      gpio-out "sysbus-irq" 1
86      mmio 000000001e79b000/0000000000001000
87      bus: opb.1
88        type opb
89        dev: fsi.master, id ""
90          bus: fsi.bus.1
91            type fsi.bus
92            dev: cfam.config, id ""
93            dev: cfam, id ""
94              bus: lbus.1
95                type lbus
96                dev: scratchpad, id ""
97                  address = 0 (0x0)
98      bus: opb.0
99        type opb
100        dev: fsi.master, id ""
101          bus: fsi.bus.0
102            type fsi.bus
103            dev: cfam.config, id ""
104            dev: cfam, id ""
105              bus: lbus.0
106                type lbus
107                dev: scratchpad, id ""
108                  address = 0 (0x0)
109
110pdbg is a simple application to allow debugging of the host POWER processors
111from the BMC. (see the `pdbg source repository`_ for more details)
112
113.. code-block:: console
114
115  root@p10bmc:~# pdbg -a getcfam 0x0
116  p0: 0x0 = 0xc0022d15
117
118.. _FSI specification:
119   https://openpowerfoundation.org/specifications/fsi/
120
121.. _pdbg source repository:
122   https://github.com/open-power/pdbg
123