1PCI SR/IOV EMULATION SUPPORT 2============================ 3 4Description 5=========== 6SR/IOV (Single Root I/O Virtualization) is an optional extended capability 7of a PCI Express device. It allows a single physical function (PF) to appear as multiple 8virtual functions (VFs) for the main purpose of eliminating software 9overhead in I/O from virtual machines. 10 11QEMU now implements the basic common functionality to enable an emulated device 12to support SR/IOV. Yet no fully implemented devices exists in QEMU, but a 13proof-of-concept hack of the Intel igb can be found here: 14 15git://github.com/knuto/qemu.git sriov_patches_v5 16 17Implementation 18============== 19Implementing emulation of an SR/IOV capable device typically consists of 20implementing support for two types of device classes; the "normal" physical device 21(PF) and the virtual device (VF). From QEMU's perspective, the VFs are just 22like other devices, except that some of their properties are derived from 23the PF. 24 25A virtual function is different from a physical function in that the BAR 26space for all VFs are defined by the BAR registers in the PFs SR/IOV 27capability. All VFs have the same BARs and BAR sizes. 28 29Accesses to these virtual BARs then is computed as 30 31 <VF BAR start> + <VF number> * <BAR sz> + <offset> 32 33From our emulation perspective this means that there is a separate call for 34setting up a BAR for a VF. 35 361) To enable SR/IOV support in the PF, it must be a PCI Express device so 37 you would need to add a PCI Express capability in the normal PCI 38 capability list. You might also want to add an ARI (Alternative 39 Routing-ID Interpretation) capability to indicate that your device 40 supports functions beyond it's "own" function space (0-7), 41 which is necessary to support more than 7 functions, or 42 if functions extends beyond offset 7 because they are placed at an 43 offset > 1 or have stride > 1. 44 45 ... 46 #include "hw/pci/pcie.h" 47 #include "hw/pci/pcie_sriov.h" 48 49 pci_your_pf_dev_realize( ... ) 50 { 51 ... 52 int ret = pcie_endpoint_cap_init(d, 0x70); 53 ... 54 pcie_ari_init(d, 0x100, 1); 55 ... 56 57 /* Add and initialize the SR/IOV capability */ 58 pcie_sriov_pf_init(d, 0x200, "your_virtual_dev", 59 vf_devid, initial_vfs, total_vfs, 60 fun_offset, stride); 61 62 /* Set up individual VF BARs (parameters as for normal BARs) */ 63 pcie_sriov_pf_init_vf_bar( ... ) 64 ... 65 } 66 67 For cleanup, you simply call: 68 69 pcie_sriov_pf_exit(device); 70 71 which will delete all the virtual functions and associated resources. 72 732) Similarly in the implementation of the virtual function, you need to 74 make it a PCI Express device and add a similar set of capabilities 75 except for the SR/IOV capability. Then you need to set up the VF BARs as 76 subregions of the PFs SR/IOV VF BARs by calling 77 pcie_sriov_vf_register_bar() instead of the normal pci_register_bar() call: 78 79 pci_your_vf_dev_realize( ... ) 80 { 81 ... 82 int ret = pcie_endpoint_cap_init(d, 0x60); 83 ... 84 pcie_ari_init(d, 0x100, 1); 85 ... 86 memory_region_init(mr, ... ) 87 pcie_sriov_vf_register_bar(d, bar_nr, mr); 88 ... 89 } 90 91Testing on Linux guest 92====================== 93The easiest is if your device driver supports sysfs based SR/IOV 94enabling. Support for this was added in kernel v.3.8, so not all drivers 95support it yet. 96 97To enable 4 VFs for a device at 01:00.0: 98 99 modprobe yourdriver 100 echo 4 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/sriov_numvfs 101 102You should now see 4 VFs with lspci. 103To turn SR/IOV off again - the standard requires you to turn it off before you can enable 104another VF count, and the emulation enforces this: 105 106 echo 0 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/sriov_numvfs 107 108Older drivers typically provide a max_vfs module parameter 109to enable it at load time: 110 111 modprobe yourdriver max_vfs=4 112 113To disable the VFs again then, you simply have to unload the driver: 114 115 rmmod yourdriver 116