1# q35 - VirtIO guest (serial console)
2# =========================================================
3#
4# Usage:
5#
6#   $ qemu-system-x86_64 \
7#     -nodefaults \
8#     -readconfig q35-virtio-serial.cfg \
9#     -display none -serial mon:stdio
10#
11# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as
12# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!
13#
14# The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices
15# tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,
16# and will be accessed through the serial console.
17#
18# ---------------------------------------------------------
19#
20# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over
21# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will
22# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals
23# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and
24# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add
25# further devices.
26#
27# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as:
28#
29#   00:00.0 Host bridge
30#   00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC
31#   00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller
32#   00:1f.3 SMBus controller
33#
34# This configuration file adds a number of other useful
35# devices, more specifically:
36#
37#   00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
38#   01:00.0 SCSI storage controller
39#   02:00.0 Ethernet controller
40#
41# More information about these devices is available below.
42#
43# We use '-display none' to prevent QEMU from creating a
44# graphical display window, which would serve no use in
45# this specific configuration, and '-serial mon:stdio' to
46# multiplex the guest's serial console and the QEMU monitor
47# to the host's stdio; use 'Ctrl+A h' to learn how to
48# switch between the two and more.
49
50
51# Machine options
52# =========================================================
53#
54# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration
55# for better performance.
56#
57# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to
58# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead
59# to obscure boot issues in some cases.
60
61[machine]
62  type = "q35"
63  accel = "kvm"
64
65[memory]
66  size = "1024"
67
68
69# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
70# =========================================================
71#
72# We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them
73# all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of
74# them will be used by devices, the rest will remain
75# available for hotplug.
76
77[device "pcie.1"]
78  driver = "pcie-root-port"
79  bus = "pcie.0"
80  addr = "1c.0"
81  port = "1"
82  chassis = "1"
83  multifunction = "on"
84
85[device "pcie.2"]
86  driver = "pcie-root-port"
87  bus = "pcie.0"
88  addr = "1c.1"
89  port = "2"
90  chassis = "2"
91
92[device "pcie.3"]
93  driver = "pcie-root-port"
94  bus = "pcie.0"
95  addr = "1c.2"
96  port = "3"
97  chassis = "3"
98
99[device "pcie.4"]
100  driver = "pcie-root-port"
101  bus = "pcie.0"
102  addr = "1c.3"
103  port = "4"
104  chassis = "4"
105
106[device "pcie.5"]
107  driver = "pcie-root-port"
108  bus = "pcie.0"
109  addr = "1c.4"
110  port = "5"
111  chassis = "5"
112
113[device "pcie.6"]
114  driver = "pcie-root-port"
115  bus = "pcie.0"
116  addr = "1c.5"
117  port = "6"
118  chassis = "6"
119
120[device "pcie.7"]
121  driver = "pcie-root-port"
122  bus = "pcie.0"
123  addr = "1c.6"
124  port = "7"
125  chassis = "7"
126
127[device "pcie.8"]
128  driver = "pcie-root-port"
129  bus = "pcie.0"
130  addr = "1c.7"
131  port = "8"
132  chassis = "8"
133
134
135# SCSI storage controller (and storage)
136# =========================================================
137#
138# We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large
139# number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,
140# backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is
141# attached to it.
142#
143# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation
144# purposes: once the guest OS has been successfully
145# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical
146# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an
147# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out
148# all relevant sections below.
149
150[device "scsi"]
151  driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"
152  bus = "pcie.1"
153  addr = "00.0"
154
155[device "scsi-disk"]
156  driver = "scsi-hd"
157  bus = "scsi.0"
158  drive = "disk"
159  bootindex = "1"
160
161[drive "disk"]
162  file = "guest.qcow2"                          # CHANGE ME
163  format = "qcow2"
164  if = "none"
165
166[device "scsi-optical-disk"]
167  driver = "scsi-cd"
168  bus = "scsi.0"
169  drive = "optical-disk"
170  bootindex = "2"
171
172[drive "optical-disk"]
173  file = "install.iso"                          # CHANGE ME
174  format = "raw"
175  if = "none"
176
177
178# Ethernet controller
179# =========================================================
180#
181# We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated
182# hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user
183# networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any
184# additional privileges.
185
186[netdev "hostnet"]
187  type = "user"
188
189[device "net"]
190  driver = "virtio-net-pci"
191  netdev = "hostnet"
192  bus = "pcie.2"
193  addr = "00.0"
194