1ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# q35 - VirtIO guest (graphical console) 2ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# ========================================================= 3ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 4ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# Usage: 5ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 6ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# $ qemu-system-x86_64 \ 7ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# -nodefaults \ 8ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# -readconfig q35-virtio-graphical.cfg 9ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 10ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as 11ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration! 12ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 13ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices 14ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests, 15ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# and will be accessed through a graphical console. 16ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 17ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# --------------------------------------------------------- 18ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 19ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over 20ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will 21ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals 22ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and 23ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add 24ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# further devices. 25ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 26ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as: 27ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 28ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 00:00.0 Host bridge 29ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC 30ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller 31ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 00:1f.3 SMBus controller 32ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 33ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# This configuration file adds a number of other useful 34ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# devices, more specifically: 35ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 36ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 00:01.0 VGA compatible controller 37ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 00:1b.0 Audio device 38ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports) 39ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 01:00.0 SCSI storage controller 40ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 02:00.0 Ethernet controller 41ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 03:00.0 USB controller 42ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 43ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# More information about these devices is available below. 44ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 45ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 46ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# Machine options 47ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# ========================================================= 48ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 49ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration 50ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# for better performance. 51ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 52ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to 53ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead 54ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# to obscure boot issues in some cases. 55ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 56ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[machine] 57ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini type = "q35" 58*4477035eSThomas Huth 59*4477035eSThomas Huth[accel] 60ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini accel = "kvm" 61ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 62ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[memory] 63ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini size = "1024" 64ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 65ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 66ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports) 67ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# ========================================================= 68ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 69ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them 70ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of 71ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# them will be used by devices, the rest will remain 72ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# available for hotplug. 73ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 74ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "pcie.1"] 75ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "pcie-root-port" 76ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.0" 77ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "1c.0" 78ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini port = "1" 79ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini chassis = "1" 80ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini multifunction = "on" 81ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 82ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "pcie.2"] 83ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "pcie-root-port" 84ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.0" 85ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "1c.1" 86ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini port = "2" 87ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini chassis = "2" 88ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 89ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "pcie.3"] 90ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "pcie-root-port" 91ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.0" 92ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "1c.2" 93ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini port = "3" 94ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini chassis = "3" 95ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 96ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "pcie.4"] 97ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "pcie-root-port" 98ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.0" 99ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "1c.3" 100ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini port = "4" 101ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini chassis = "4" 102ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 103ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "pcie.5"] 104ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "pcie-root-port" 105ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.0" 106ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "1c.4" 107ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini port = "5" 108ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini chassis = "5" 109ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 110ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "pcie.6"] 111ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "pcie-root-port" 112ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.0" 113ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "1c.5" 114ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini port = "6" 115ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini chassis = "6" 116ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 117ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "pcie.7"] 118ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "pcie-root-port" 119ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.0" 120ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "1c.6" 121ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini port = "7" 122ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini chassis = "7" 123ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 124ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "pcie.8"] 125ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "pcie-root-port" 126ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.0" 127ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "1c.7" 128ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini port = "8" 129ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini chassis = "8" 130ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 131ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 132ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# SCSI storage controller (and storage) 133ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# ========================================================= 134ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 135ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large 136ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk, 137ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is 138ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# attached to it. 139ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 140ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation 1419277d81fSVille Skyttä# purposes: once the guest OS has been successfully 142ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical 143ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an 144ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out 145ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# all relevant sections below. 146ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 147ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "scsi"] 148ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "virtio-scsi-pci" 149ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.1" 150ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "00.0" 151ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 152ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "scsi-disk"] 153ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "scsi-hd" 154ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "scsi.0" 155ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini drive = "disk" 156ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bootindex = "1" 157ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 158ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[drive "disk"] 159ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini file = "guest.qcow2" # CHANGE ME 160ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini format = "qcow2" 161ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini if = "none" 162ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 163ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "scsi-optical-disk"] 164ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "scsi-cd" 165ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "scsi.0" 166ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini drive = "optical-disk" 167ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bootindex = "2" 168ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 169ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[drive "optical-disk"] 170ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini file = "install.iso" # CHANGE ME 171ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini format = "raw" 172ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini if = "none" 173ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 174ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 175ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# Ethernet controller 176ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# ========================================================= 177ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 178ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated 179ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user 180ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any 181ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# additional privileges. 182ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 183ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[netdev "hostnet"] 184ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini type = "user" 185ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 186ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "net"] 187ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "virtio-net-pci" 188ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini netdev = "hostnet" 189ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.2" 190ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "00.0" 191ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 192ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 193ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# USB controller (and input devices) 194ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# ========================================================= 195ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 196ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# We add a virtualization-friendly USB 3.0 controller and 197ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# a USB tablet so that graphical guests can be controlled 198ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# appropriately. A USB keyboard is not needed, as q35 199ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# guests get a PS/2 one added automatically. 200ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 201ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "usb"] 202ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "nec-usb-xhci" 203ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.3" 204ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "00.0" 205ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 206ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "tablet"] 207ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "usb-tablet" 208ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "usb.0" 209ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 210ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 211ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# VGA compatible controller 212ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# ========================================================= 213ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 214ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# We plug the QXL video card directly into the PCI Express 215ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# Root Bus as it is a legacy PCI device; this way, we can 216ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# reduce the number of PCI Express controllers in the 217ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# guest. 218ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 219ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially 220ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# headless host, you will probably want to append something 221ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# like 222ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 223ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0 224ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 225ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from 226ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# creating a graphical display window on the host and 227ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# enable remote access instead. 228ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 229ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "video"] 230ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "qxl-vga" 231ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.0" 232ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "01.0" 233ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 234ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 235ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# Audio device 236ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# ========================================================= 237ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# 238ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# Like the video card, the sound card is a legacy PCI 239ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# device and as such can be plugged directly into the PCI 240ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini# Express Root Bus. 241ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 242ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "sound"] 243ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "ich9-intel-hda" 244ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "pcie.0" 245ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini addr = "1b.0" 246ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini 247ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini[device "duplex"] 248ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini driver = "hda-duplex" 249ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini bus = "sound.0" 250ac06724aSPaolo Bonzini cad = "0" 251