xref: /openbmc/qemu/blockdev.c (revision 2993683b)
1 /*
2  * QEMU host block devices
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or
7  * later.  See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
8  *
9  * This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and
10  * permission notice:
11  *
12  * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
13  *
14  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
15  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
16  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
17  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
18  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
19  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
20  *
21  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
22  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
23  *
24  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
25  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
26  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
27  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
28  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
29  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
30  * THE SOFTWARE.
31  */
32 
33 #include "sysemu/blockdev.h"
34 #include "hw/block/block.h"
35 #include "block/blockjob.h"
36 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
37 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
38 #include "qemu/option.h"
39 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
40 #include "qapi/qmp/types.h"
41 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
42 #include "block/block_int.h"
43 #include "qmp-commands.h"
44 #include "trace.h"
45 #include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
46 
47 static QTAILQ_HEAD(drivelist, DriveInfo) drives = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(drives);
48 extern QemuOptsList qemu_common_drive_opts;
49 
50 static const char *const if_name[IF_COUNT] = {
51     [IF_NONE] = "none",
52     [IF_IDE] = "ide",
53     [IF_SCSI] = "scsi",
54     [IF_FLOPPY] = "floppy",
55     [IF_PFLASH] = "pflash",
56     [IF_MTD] = "mtd",
57     [IF_SD] = "sd",
58     [IF_VIRTIO] = "virtio",
59     [IF_XEN] = "xen",
60 };
61 
62 static const int if_max_devs[IF_COUNT] = {
63     /*
64      * Do not change these numbers!  They govern how drive option
65      * index maps to unit and bus.  That mapping is ABI.
66      *
67      * All controllers used to imlement if=T drives need to support
68      * if_max_devs[T] units, for any T with if_max_devs[T] != 0.
69      * Otherwise, some index values map to "impossible" bus, unit
70      * values.
71      *
72      * For instance, if you change [IF_SCSI] to 255, -drive
73      * if=scsi,index=12 no longer means bus=1,unit=5, but
74      * bus=0,unit=12.  With an lsi53c895a controller (7 units max),
75      * the drive can't be set up.  Regression.
76      */
77     [IF_IDE] = 2,
78     [IF_SCSI] = 7,
79 };
80 
81 /*
82  * We automatically delete the drive when a device using it gets
83  * unplugged.  Questionable feature, but we can't just drop it.
84  * Device models call blockdev_mark_auto_del() to schedule the
85  * automatic deletion, and generic qdev code calls blockdev_auto_del()
86  * when deletion is actually safe.
87  */
88 void blockdev_mark_auto_del(BlockDriverState *bs)
89 {
90     DriveInfo *dinfo = drive_get_by_blockdev(bs);
91 
92     if (bs->job) {
93         block_job_cancel(bs->job);
94     }
95     if (dinfo) {
96         dinfo->auto_del = 1;
97     }
98 }
99 
100 void blockdev_auto_del(BlockDriverState *bs)
101 {
102     DriveInfo *dinfo = drive_get_by_blockdev(bs);
103 
104     if (dinfo && dinfo->auto_del) {
105         drive_put_ref(dinfo);
106     }
107 }
108 
109 static int drive_index_to_bus_id(BlockInterfaceType type, int index)
110 {
111     int max_devs = if_max_devs[type];
112     return max_devs ? index / max_devs : 0;
113 }
114 
115 static int drive_index_to_unit_id(BlockInterfaceType type, int index)
116 {
117     int max_devs = if_max_devs[type];
118     return max_devs ? index % max_devs : index;
119 }
120 
121 QemuOpts *drive_def(const char *optstr)
122 {
123     return qemu_opts_parse(qemu_find_opts("drive"), optstr, 0);
124 }
125 
126 QemuOpts *drive_add(BlockInterfaceType type, int index, const char *file,
127                     const char *optstr)
128 {
129     QemuOpts *opts;
130     char buf[32];
131 
132     opts = drive_def(optstr);
133     if (!opts) {
134         return NULL;
135     }
136     if (type != IF_DEFAULT) {
137         qemu_opt_set(opts, "if", if_name[type]);
138     }
139     if (index >= 0) {
140         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", index);
141         qemu_opt_set(opts, "index", buf);
142     }
143     if (file)
144         qemu_opt_set(opts, "file", file);
145     return opts;
146 }
147 
148 DriveInfo *drive_get(BlockInterfaceType type, int bus, int unit)
149 {
150     DriveInfo *dinfo;
151 
152     /* seek interface, bus and unit */
153 
154     QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) {
155         if (dinfo->type == type &&
156 	    dinfo->bus == bus &&
157 	    dinfo->unit == unit)
158             return dinfo;
159     }
160 
161     return NULL;
162 }
163 
164 DriveInfo *drive_get_by_index(BlockInterfaceType type, int index)
165 {
166     return drive_get(type,
167                      drive_index_to_bus_id(type, index),
168                      drive_index_to_unit_id(type, index));
169 }
170 
171 int drive_get_max_bus(BlockInterfaceType type)
172 {
173     int max_bus;
174     DriveInfo *dinfo;
175 
176     max_bus = -1;
177     QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) {
178         if(dinfo->type == type &&
179            dinfo->bus > max_bus)
180             max_bus = dinfo->bus;
181     }
182     return max_bus;
183 }
184 
185 /* Get a block device.  This should only be used for single-drive devices
186    (e.g. SD/Floppy/MTD).  Multi-disk devices (scsi/ide) should use the
187    appropriate bus.  */
188 DriveInfo *drive_get_next(BlockInterfaceType type)
189 {
190     static int next_block_unit[IF_COUNT];
191 
192     return drive_get(type, 0, next_block_unit[type]++);
193 }
194 
195 DriveInfo *drive_get_by_blockdev(BlockDriverState *bs)
196 {
197     DriveInfo *dinfo;
198 
199     QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) {
200         if (dinfo->bdrv == bs) {
201             return dinfo;
202         }
203     }
204     return NULL;
205 }
206 
207 static void bdrv_format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
208 {
209     error_printf(" %s", name);
210 }
211 
212 static void drive_uninit(DriveInfo *dinfo)
213 {
214     qemu_opts_del(dinfo->opts);
215     bdrv_delete(dinfo->bdrv);
216     g_free(dinfo->id);
217     QTAILQ_REMOVE(&drives, dinfo, next);
218     g_free(dinfo->serial);
219     g_free(dinfo);
220 }
221 
222 void drive_put_ref(DriveInfo *dinfo)
223 {
224     assert(dinfo->refcount);
225     if (--dinfo->refcount == 0) {
226         drive_uninit(dinfo);
227     }
228 }
229 
230 void drive_get_ref(DriveInfo *dinfo)
231 {
232     dinfo->refcount++;
233 }
234 
235 typedef struct {
236     QEMUBH *bh;
237     DriveInfo *dinfo;
238 } DrivePutRefBH;
239 
240 static void drive_put_ref_bh(void *opaque)
241 {
242     DrivePutRefBH *s = opaque;
243 
244     drive_put_ref(s->dinfo);
245     qemu_bh_delete(s->bh);
246     g_free(s);
247 }
248 
249 /*
250  * Release a drive reference in a BH
251  *
252  * It is not possible to use drive_put_ref() from a callback function when the
253  * callers still need the drive.  In such cases we schedule a BH to release the
254  * reference.
255  */
256 static void drive_put_ref_bh_schedule(DriveInfo *dinfo)
257 {
258     DrivePutRefBH *s;
259 
260     s = g_new(DrivePutRefBH, 1);
261     s->bh = qemu_bh_new(drive_put_ref_bh, s);
262     s->dinfo = dinfo;
263     qemu_bh_schedule(s->bh);
264 }
265 
266 static int parse_block_error_action(const char *buf, bool is_read)
267 {
268     if (!strcmp(buf, "ignore")) {
269         return BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_IGNORE;
270     } else if (!is_read && !strcmp(buf, "enospc")) {
271         return BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_ENOSPC;
272     } else if (!strcmp(buf, "stop")) {
273         return BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_STOP;
274     } else if (!strcmp(buf, "report")) {
275         return BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT;
276     } else {
277         error_report("'%s' invalid %s error action",
278                      buf, is_read ? "read" : "write");
279         return -1;
280     }
281 }
282 
283 static bool do_check_io_limits(BlockIOLimit *io_limits, Error **errp)
284 {
285     bool bps_flag;
286     bool iops_flag;
287 
288     assert(io_limits);
289 
290     bps_flag  = (io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] != 0)
291                  && ((io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] != 0)
292                  || (io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] != 0));
293     iops_flag = (io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] != 0)
294                  && ((io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] != 0)
295                  || (io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] != 0));
296     if (bps_flag || iops_flag) {
297         error_setg(errp, "bps(iops) and bps_rd/bps_wr(iops_rd/iops_wr) "
298                          "cannot be used at the same time");
299         return false;
300     }
301 
302     if (io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] < 0 ||
303         io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] < 0 ||
304         io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] < 0 ||
305         io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] < 0 ||
306         io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] < 0 ||
307         io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] < 0) {
308         error_setg(errp, "bps and iops values must be 0 or greater");
309         return false;
310     }
311 
312     return true;
313 }
314 
315 DriveInfo *drive_init(QemuOpts *all_opts, BlockInterfaceType block_default_type)
316 {
317     const char *buf;
318     const char *file = NULL;
319     const char *serial;
320     const char *mediastr = "";
321     BlockInterfaceType type;
322     enum { MEDIA_DISK, MEDIA_CDROM } media;
323     int bus_id, unit_id;
324     int cyls, heads, secs, translation;
325     BlockDriver *drv = NULL;
326     int max_devs;
327     int index;
328     int ro = 0;
329     int bdrv_flags = 0;
330     int on_read_error, on_write_error;
331     const char *devaddr;
332     DriveInfo *dinfo;
333     BlockIOLimit io_limits;
334     int snapshot = 0;
335     bool copy_on_read;
336     int ret;
337     Error *error = NULL;
338     QemuOpts *opts;
339     QDict *bs_opts;
340     const char *id;
341 
342     translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO;
343     media = MEDIA_DISK;
344 
345     /* Check common options by copying from all_opts to opts, all other options
346      * are stored in bs_opts. */
347     id = qemu_opts_id(all_opts);
348     opts = qemu_opts_create(&qemu_common_drive_opts, id, 1, &error);
349     if (error_is_set(&error)) {
350         qerror_report_err(error);
351         error_free(error);
352         return NULL;
353     }
354 
355     bs_opts = qdict_new();
356     qemu_opts_to_qdict(all_opts, bs_opts);
357     qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, bs_opts, &error);
358     if (error_is_set(&error)) {
359         qerror_report_err(error);
360         error_free(error);
361         return NULL;
362     }
363 
364     if (id) {
365         qdict_del(bs_opts, "id");
366     }
367 
368     /* extract parameters */
369     bus_id  = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bus", 0);
370     unit_id = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "unit", -1);
371     index   = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "index", -1);
372 
373     cyls  = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "cyls", 0);
374     heads = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "heads", 0);
375     secs  = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "secs", 0);
376 
377     snapshot = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "snapshot", 0);
378     ro = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "readonly", 0);
379     copy_on_read = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "copy-on-read", false);
380 
381     file = qemu_opt_get(opts, "file");
382     serial = qemu_opt_get(opts, "serial");
383 
384     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "if")) != NULL) {
385         for (type = 0; type < IF_COUNT && strcmp(buf, if_name[type]); type++)
386             ;
387         if (type == IF_COUNT) {
388             error_report("unsupported bus type '%s'", buf);
389             return NULL;
390 	}
391     } else {
392         type = block_default_type;
393     }
394 
395     max_devs = if_max_devs[type];
396 
397     if (cyls || heads || secs) {
398         if (cyls < 1) {
399             error_report("invalid physical cyls number");
400 	    return NULL;
401 	}
402         if (heads < 1) {
403             error_report("invalid physical heads number");
404 	    return NULL;
405 	}
406         if (secs < 1) {
407             error_report("invalid physical secs number");
408 	    return NULL;
409 	}
410     }
411 
412     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "trans")) != NULL) {
413         if (!cyls) {
414             error_report("'%s' trans must be used with cyls, heads and secs",
415                          buf);
416             return NULL;
417         }
418         if (!strcmp(buf, "none"))
419             translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_NONE;
420         else if (!strcmp(buf, "lba"))
421             translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_LBA;
422         else if (!strcmp(buf, "auto"))
423             translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO;
424 	else {
425             error_report("'%s' invalid translation type", buf);
426 	    return NULL;
427 	}
428     }
429 
430     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "media")) != NULL) {
431         if (!strcmp(buf, "disk")) {
432 	    media = MEDIA_DISK;
433 	} else if (!strcmp(buf, "cdrom")) {
434             if (cyls || secs || heads) {
435                 error_report("CHS can't be set with media=%s", buf);
436 	        return NULL;
437             }
438 	    media = MEDIA_CDROM;
439 	} else {
440 	    error_report("'%s' invalid media", buf);
441 	    return NULL;
442 	}
443     }
444 
445     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "discard")) != NULL) {
446         if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(buf, &bdrv_flags) != 0) {
447             error_report("invalid discard option");
448             return NULL;
449         }
450     }
451 
452     bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
453     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "cache")) != NULL) {
454         if (bdrv_parse_cache_flags(buf, &bdrv_flags) != 0) {
455             error_report("invalid cache option");
456             return NULL;
457         }
458     }
459 
460 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
461     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "aio")) != NULL) {
462         if (!strcmp(buf, "native")) {
463             bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
464         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "threads")) {
465             /* this is the default */
466         } else {
467            error_report("invalid aio option");
468            return NULL;
469         }
470     }
471 #endif
472 
473     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "format")) != NULL) {
474         if (is_help_option(buf)) {
475             error_printf("Supported formats:");
476             bdrv_iterate_format(bdrv_format_print, NULL);
477             error_printf("\n");
478             return NULL;
479         }
480         drv = bdrv_find_whitelisted_format(buf);
481         if (!drv) {
482             error_report("'%s' invalid format", buf);
483             return NULL;
484         }
485     }
486 
487     /* disk I/O throttling */
488     io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]  =
489                            qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bps", 0);
490     io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]   =
491                            qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bps_rd", 0);
492     io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE]  =
493                            qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bps_wr", 0);
494     io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] =
495                            qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "iops", 0);
496     io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]  =
497                            qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "iops_rd", 0);
498     io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] =
499                            qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "iops_wr", 0);
500 
501     if (!do_check_io_limits(&io_limits, &error)) {
502         error_report("%s", error_get_pretty(error));
503         error_free(error);
504         return NULL;
505     }
506 
507     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "boot") != NULL) {
508         fprintf(stderr, "qemu-kvm: boot=on|off is deprecated and will be "
509                 "ignored. Future versions will reject this parameter. Please "
510                 "update your scripts.\n");
511     }
512 
513     on_write_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_ENOSPC;
514     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "werror")) != NULL) {
515         if (type != IF_IDE && type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_NONE) {
516             error_report("werror is not supported by this bus type");
517             return NULL;
518         }
519 
520         on_write_error = parse_block_error_action(buf, 0);
521         if (on_write_error < 0) {
522             return NULL;
523         }
524     }
525 
526     on_read_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT;
527     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "rerror")) != NULL) {
528         if (type != IF_IDE && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_NONE) {
529             error_report("rerror is not supported by this bus type");
530             return NULL;
531         }
532 
533         on_read_error = parse_block_error_action(buf, 1);
534         if (on_read_error < 0) {
535             return NULL;
536         }
537     }
538 
539     if ((devaddr = qemu_opt_get(opts, "addr")) != NULL) {
540         if (type != IF_VIRTIO) {
541             error_report("addr is not supported by this bus type");
542             return NULL;
543         }
544     }
545 
546     /* compute bus and unit according index */
547 
548     if (index != -1) {
549         if (bus_id != 0 || unit_id != -1) {
550             error_report("index cannot be used with bus and unit");
551             return NULL;
552         }
553         bus_id = drive_index_to_bus_id(type, index);
554         unit_id = drive_index_to_unit_id(type, index);
555     }
556 
557     /* if user doesn't specify a unit_id,
558      * try to find the first free
559      */
560 
561     if (unit_id == -1) {
562        unit_id = 0;
563        while (drive_get(type, bus_id, unit_id) != NULL) {
564            unit_id++;
565            if (max_devs && unit_id >= max_devs) {
566                unit_id -= max_devs;
567                bus_id++;
568            }
569        }
570     }
571 
572     /* check unit id */
573 
574     if (max_devs && unit_id >= max_devs) {
575         error_report("unit %d too big (max is %d)",
576                      unit_id, max_devs - 1);
577         return NULL;
578     }
579 
580     /*
581      * catch multiple definitions
582      */
583 
584     if (drive_get(type, bus_id, unit_id) != NULL) {
585         error_report("drive with bus=%d, unit=%d (index=%d) exists",
586                      bus_id, unit_id, index);
587         return NULL;
588     }
589 
590     /* init */
591 
592     dinfo = g_malloc0(sizeof(*dinfo));
593     if ((buf = qemu_opts_id(opts)) != NULL) {
594         dinfo->id = g_strdup(buf);
595     } else {
596         /* no id supplied -> create one */
597         dinfo->id = g_malloc0(32);
598         if (type == IF_IDE || type == IF_SCSI)
599             mediastr = (media == MEDIA_CDROM) ? "-cd" : "-hd";
600         if (max_devs)
601             snprintf(dinfo->id, 32, "%s%i%s%i",
602                      if_name[type], bus_id, mediastr, unit_id);
603         else
604             snprintf(dinfo->id, 32, "%s%s%i",
605                      if_name[type], mediastr, unit_id);
606     }
607     dinfo->bdrv = bdrv_new(dinfo->id);
608     dinfo->bdrv->open_flags = snapshot ? BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT : 0;
609     dinfo->bdrv->read_only = ro;
610     dinfo->devaddr = devaddr;
611     dinfo->type = type;
612     dinfo->bus = bus_id;
613     dinfo->unit = unit_id;
614     dinfo->cyls = cyls;
615     dinfo->heads = heads;
616     dinfo->secs = secs;
617     dinfo->trans = translation;
618     dinfo->opts = all_opts;
619     dinfo->refcount = 1;
620     if (serial != NULL) {
621         dinfo->serial = g_strdup(serial);
622     }
623     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&drives, dinfo, next);
624 
625     bdrv_set_on_error(dinfo->bdrv, on_read_error, on_write_error);
626 
627     /* disk I/O throttling */
628     bdrv_set_io_limits(dinfo->bdrv, &io_limits);
629 
630     switch(type) {
631     case IF_IDE:
632     case IF_SCSI:
633     case IF_XEN:
634     case IF_NONE:
635         dinfo->media_cd = media == MEDIA_CDROM;
636         break;
637     case IF_SD:
638     case IF_FLOPPY:
639     case IF_PFLASH:
640     case IF_MTD:
641         break;
642     case IF_VIRTIO:
643     {
644         /* add virtio block device */
645         QemuOpts *devopts;
646         devopts = qemu_opts_create_nofail(qemu_find_opts("device"));
647         if (arch_type == QEMU_ARCH_S390X) {
648             qemu_opt_set(devopts, "driver", "virtio-blk-s390");
649         } else {
650             qemu_opt_set(devopts, "driver", "virtio-blk-pci");
651         }
652         qemu_opt_set(devopts, "drive", dinfo->id);
653         if (devaddr)
654             qemu_opt_set(devopts, "addr", devaddr);
655         break;
656     }
657     default:
658         abort();
659     }
660     if (!file || !*file) {
661         if (qdict_size(bs_opts)) {
662             file = NULL;
663         } else {
664             return dinfo;
665         }
666     }
667     if (snapshot) {
668         /* always use cache=unsafe with snapshot */
669         bdrv_flags &= ~BDRV_O_CACHE_MASK;
670         bdrv_flags |= (BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT|BDRV_O_CACHE_WB|BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH);
671     }
672 
673     if (copy_on_read) {
674         bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_COPY_ON_READ;
675     }
676 
677     if (runstate_check(RUN_STATE_INMIGRATE)) {
678         bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_INCOMING;
679     }
680 
681     if (media == MEDIA_CDROM) {
682         /* CDROM is fine for any interface, don't check.  */
683         ro = 1;
684     } else if (ro == 1) {
685         if (type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_FLOPPY &&
686             type != IF_NONE && type != IF_PFLASH) {
687             error_report("readonly not supported by this bus type");
688             goto err;
689         }
690     }
691 
692     bdrv_flags |= ro ? 0 : BDRV_O_RDWR;
693 
694     if (ro && copy_on_read) {
695         error_report("warning: disabling copy_on_read on readonly drive");
696     }
697 
698     ret = bdrv_open(dinfo->bdrv, file, bs_opts, bdrv_flags, drv);
699     bs_opts = NULL;
700 
701     if (ret < 0) {
702         if (ret == -EMEDIUMTYPE) {
703             error_report("could not open disk image %s: not in %s format",
704                          file ?: dinfo->id, drv->format_name);
705         } else {
706             error_report("could not open disk image %s: %s",
707                          file ?: dinfo->id, strerror(-ret));
708         }
709         goto err;
710     }
711 
712     if (bdrv_key_required(dinfo->bdrv))
713         autostart = 0;
714 
715     qemu_opts_del(opts);
716 
717     return dinfo;
718 
719 err:
720     qemu_opts_del(opts);
721     QDECREF(bs_opts);
722     bdrv_delete(dinfo->bdrv);
723     g_free(dinfo->id);
724     QTAILQ_REMOVE(&drives, dinfo, next);
725     g_free(dinfo);
726     return NULL;
727 }
728 
729 void do_commit(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
730 {
731     const char *device = qdict_get_str(qdict, "device");
732     BlockDriverState *bs;
733     int ret;
734 
735     if (!strcmp(device, "all")) {
736         ret = bdrv_commit_all();
737     } else {
738         bs = bdrv_find(device);
739         if (!bs) {
740             monitor_printf(mon, "Device '%s' not found\n", device);
741             return;
742         }
743         ret = bdrv_commit(bs);
744     }
745     if (ret < 0) {
746         monitor_printf(mon, "'commit' error for '%s': %s\n", device,
747                        strerror(-ret));
748     }
749 }
750 
751 static void blockdev_do_action(int kind, void *data, Error **errp)
752 {
753     BlockdevAction action;
754     BlockdevActionList list;
755 
756     action.kind = kind;
757     action.data = data;
758     list.value = &action;
759     list.next = NULL;
760     qmp_transaction(&list, errp);
761 }
762 
763 void qmp_blockdev_snapshot_sync(const char *device, const char *snapshot_file,
764                                 bool has_format, const char *format,
765                                 bool has_mode, enum NewImageMode mode,
766                                 Error **errp)
767 {
768     BlockdevSnapshot snapshot = {
769         .device = (char *) device,
770         .snapshot_file = (char *) snapshot_file,
771         .has_format = has_format,
772         .format = (char *) format,
773         .has_mode = has_mode,
774         .mode = mode,
775     };
776     blockdev_do_action(BLOCKDEV_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_SYNC, &snapshot,
777                        errp);
778 }
779 
780 
781 /* New and old BlockDriverState structs for group snapshots */
782 typedef struct BlkTransactionStates {
783     BlockDriverState *old_bs;
784     BlockDriverState *new_bs;
785     QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(BlkTransactionStates) entry;
786 } BlkTransactionStates;
787 
788 /*
789  * 'Atomic' group snapshots.  The snapshots are taken as a set, and if any fail
790  *  then we do not pivot any of the devices in the group, and abandon the
791  *  snapshots
792  */
793 void qmp_transaction(BlockdevActionList *dev_list, Error **errp)
794 {
795     int ret = 0;
796     BlockdevActionList *dev_entry = dev_list;
797     BlkTransactionStates *states, *next;
798     Error *local_err = NULL;
799 
800     QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(snap_bdrv_states, BlkTransactionStates) snap_bdrv_states;
801     QSIMPLEQ_INIT(&snap_bdrv_states);
802 
803     /* drain all i/o before any snapshots */
804     bdrv_drain_all();
805 
806     /* We don't do anything in this loop that commits us to the snapshot */
807     while (NULL != dev_entry) {
808         BlockdevAction *dev_info = NULL;
809         BlockDriver *proto_drv;
810         BlockDriver *drv;
811         int flags;
812         enum NewImageMode mode;
813         const char *new_image_file;
814         const char *device;
815         const char *format = "qcow2";
816 
817         dev_info = dev_entry->value;
818         dev_entry = dev_entry->next;
819 
820         states = g_malloc0(sizeof(BlkTransactionStates));
821         QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&snap_bdrv_states, states, entry);
822 
823         switch (dev_info->kind) {
824         case BLOCKDEV_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_SYNC:
825             device = dev_info->blockdev_snapshot_sync->device;
826             if (!dev_info->blockdev_snapshot_sync->has_mode) {
827                 dev_info->blockdev_snapshot_sync->mode = NEW_IMAGE_MODE_ABSOLUTE_PATHS;
828             }
829             new_image_file = dev_info->blockdev_snapshot_sync->snapshot_file;
830             if (dev_info->blockdev_snapshot_sync->has_format) {
831                 format = dev_info->blockdev_snapshot_sync->format;
832             }
833             mode = dev_info->blockdev_snapshot_sync->mode;
834             break;
835         default:
836             abort();
837         }
838 
839         drv = bdrv_find_format(format);
840         if (!drv) {
841             error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format);
842             goto delete_and_fail;
843         }
844 
845         states->old_bs = bdrv_find(device);
846         if (!states->old_bs) {
847             error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
848             goto delete_and_fail;
849         }
850 
851         if (!bdrv_is_inserted(states->old_bs)) {
852             error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_HAS_NO_MEDIUM, device);
853             goto delete_and_fail;
854         }
855 
856         if (bdrv_in_use(states->old_bs)) {
857             error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, device);
858             goto delete_and_fail;
859         }
860 
861         if (!bdrv_is_read_only(states->old_bs)) {
862             if (bdrv_flush(states->old_bs)) {
863                 error_set(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR);
864                 goto delete_and_fail;
865             }
866         }
867 
868         flags = states->old_bs->open_flags;
869 
870         proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(new_image_file);
871         if (!proto_drv) {
872             error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format);
873             goto delete_and_fail;
874         }
875 
876         /* create new image w/backing file */
877         if (mode != NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING) {
878             bdrv_img_create(new_image_file, format,
879                             states->old_bs->filename,
880                             states->old_bs->drv->format_name,
881                             NULL, -1, flags, &local_err, false);
882             if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
883                 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
884                 goto delete_and_fail;
885             }
886         }
887 
888         /* We will manually add the backing_hd field to the bs later */
889         states->new_bs = bdrv_new("");
890         /* TODO Inherit bs->options or only take explicit options with an
891          * extended QMP command? */
892         ret = bdrv_open(states->new_bs, new_image_file, NULL,
893                         flags | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING, drv);
894         if (ret != 0) {
895             error_set(errp, QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, new_image_file);
896             goto delete_and_fail;
897         }
898     }
899 
900 
901     /* Now we are going to do the actual pivot.  Everything up to this point
902      * is reversible, but we are committed at this point */
903     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(states, &snap_bdrv_states, entry) {
904         /* This removes our old bs from the bdrv_states, and adds the new bs */
905         bdrv_append(states->new_bs, states->old_bs);
906         /* We don't need (or want) to use the transactional
907          * bdrv_reopen_multiple() across all the entries at once, because we
908          * don't want to abort all of them if one of them fails the reopen */
909         bdrv_reopen(states->new_bs, states->new_bs->open_flags & ~BDRV_O_RDWR,
910                     NULL);
911     }
912 
913     /* success */
914     goto exit;
915 
916 delete_and_fail:
917     /*
918     * failure, and it is all-or-none; abandon each new bs, and keep using
919     * the original bs for all images
920     */
921     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(states, &snap_bdrv_states, entry) {
922         if (states->new_bs) {
923              bdrv_delete(states->new_bs);
924         }
925     }
926 exit:
927     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(states, &snap_bdrv_states, entry, next) {
928         g_free(states);
929     }
930 }
931 
932 
933 static void eject_device(BlockDriverState *bs, int force, Error **errp)
934 {
935     if (bdrv_in_use(bs)) {
936         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
937         return;
938     }
939     if (!bdrv_dev_has_removable_media(bs)) {
940         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_REMOVABLE, bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
941         return;
942     }
943 
944     if (bdrv_dev_is_medium_locked(bs) && !bdrv_dev_is_tray_open(bs)) {
945         bdrv_dev_eject_request(bs, force);
946         if (!force) {
947             error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_LOCKED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
948             return;
949         }
950     }
951 
952     bdrv_close(bs);
953 }
954 
955 void qmp_eject(const char *device, bool has_force, bool force, Error **errp)
956 {
957     BlockDriverState *bs;
958 
959     bs = bdrv_find(device);
960     if (!bs) {
961         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
962         return;
963     }
964 
965     eject_device(bs, force, errp);
966 }
967 
968 void qmp_block_passwd(const char *device, const char *password, Error **errp)
969 {
970     BlockDriverState *bs;
971     int err;
972 
973     bs = bdrv_find(device);
974     if (!bs) {
975         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
976         return;
977     }
978 
979     err = bdrv_set_key(bs, password);
980     if (err == -EINVAL) {
981         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_ENCRYPTED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
982         return;
983     } else if (err < 0) {
984         error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PASSWORD);
985         return;
986     }
987 }
988 
989 static void qmp_bdrv_open_encrypted(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *filename,
990                                     int bdrv_flags, BlockDriver *drv,
991                                     const char *password, Error **errp)
992 {
993     if (bdrv_open(bs, filename, NULL, bdrv_flags, drv) < 0) {
994         error_set(errp, QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, filename);
995         return;
996     }
997 
998     if (bdrv_key_required(bs)) {
999         if (password) {
1000             if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0) {
1001                 error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PASSWORD);
1002             }
1003         } else {
1004             error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_ENCRYPTED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs),
1005                       bdrv_get_encrypted_filename(bs));
1006         }
1007     } else if (password) {
1008         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_ENCRYPTED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
1009     }
1010 }
1011 
1012 void qmp_change_blockdev(const char *device, const char *filename,
1013                          bool has_format, const char *format, Error **errp)
1014 {
1015     BlockDriverState *bs;
1016     BlockDriver *drv = NULL;
1017     int bdrv_flags;
1018     Error *err = NULL;
1019 
1020     bs = bdrv_find(device);
1021     if (!bs) {
1022         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
1023         return;
1024     }
1025 
1026     if (format) {
1027         drv = bdrv_find_whitelisted_format(format);
1028         if (!drv) {
1029             error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format);
1030             return;
1031         }
1032     }
1033 
1034     eject_device(bs, 0, &err);
1035     if (error_is_set(&err)) {
1036         error_propagate(errp, err);
1037         return;
1038     }
1039 
1040     bdrv_flags = bdrv_is_read_only(bs) ? 0 : BDRV_O_RDWR;
1041     bdrv_flags |= bdrv_is_snapshot(bs) ? BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT : 0;
1042 
1043     qmp_bdrv_open_encrypted(bs, filename, bdrv_flags, drv, NULL, errp);
1044 }
1045 
1046 /* throttling disk I/O limits */
1047 void qmp_block_set_io_throttle(const char *device, int64_t bps, int64_t bps_rd,
1048                                int64_t bps_wr, int64_t iops, int64_t iops_rd,
1049                                int64_t iops_wr, Error **errp)
1050 {
1051     BlockIOLimit io_limits;
1052     BlockDriverState *bs;
1053 
1054     bs = bdrv_find(device);
1055     if (!bs) {
1056         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
1057         return;
1058     }
1059 
1060     io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] = bps;
1061     io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]  = bps_rd;
1062     io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] = bps_wr;
1063     io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]= iops;
1064     io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] = iops_rd;
1065     io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE]= iops_wr;
1066 
1067     if (!do_check_io_limits(&io_limits, errp)) {
1068         return;
1069     }
1070 
1071     bs->io_limits = io_limits;
1072 
1073     if (!bs->io_limits_enabled && bdrv_io_limits_enabled(bs)) {
1074         bdrv_io_limits_enable(bs);
1075     } else if (bs->io_limits_enabled && !bdrv_io_limits_enabled(bs)) {
1076         bdrv_io_limits_disable(bs);
1077     } else {
1078         if (bs->block_timer) {
1079             qemu_mod_timer(bs->block_timer, qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock));
1080         }
1081     }
1082 }
1083 
1084 int do_drive_del(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data)
1085 {
1086     const char *id = qdict_get_str(qdict, "id");
1087     BlockDriverState *bs;
1088 
1089     bs = bdrv_find(id);
1090     if (!bs) {
1091         qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, id);
1092         return -1;
1093     }
1094     if (bdrv_in_use(bs)) {
1095         qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, id);
1096         return -1;
1097     }
1098 
1099     /* quiesce block driver; prevent further io */
1100     bdrv_drain_all();
1101     bdrv_flush(bs);
1102     bdrv_close(bs);
1103 
1104     /* if we have a device attached to this BlockDriverState
1105      * then we need to make the drive anonymous until the device
1106      * can be removed.  If this is a drive with no device backing
1107      * then we can just get rid of the block driver state right here.
1108      */
1109     if (bdrv_get_attached_dev(bs)) {
1110         bdrv_make_anon(bs);
1111     } else {
1112         drive_uninit(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs));
1113     }
1114 
1115     return 0;
1116 }
1117 
1118 void qmp_block_resize(const char *device, int64_t size, Error **errp)
1119 {
1120     BlockDriverState *bs;
1121 
1122     bs = bdrv_find(device);
1123     if (!bs) {
1124         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
1125         return;
1126     }
1127 
1128     if (size < 0) {
1129         error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "size", "a >0 size");
1130         return;
1131     }
1132 
1133     /* complete all in-flight operations before resizing the device */
1134     bdrv_drain_all();
1135 
1136     switch (bdrv_truncate(bs, size)) {
1137     case 0:
1138         break;
1139     case -ENOMEDIUM:
1140         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_HAS_NO_MEDIUM, device);
1141         break;
1142     case -ENOTSUP:
1143         error_set(errp, QERR_UNSUPPORTED);
1144         break;
1145     case -EACCES:
1146         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IS_READ_ONLY, device);
1147         break;
1148     case -EBUSY:
1149         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, device);
1150         break;
1151     default:
1152         error_set(errp, QERR_UNDEFINED_ERROR);
1153         break;
1154     }
1155 }
1156 
1157 static void block_job_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
1158 {
1159     BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
1160     QObject *obj;
1161 
1162     trace_block_job_cb(bs, bs->job, ret);
1163 
1164     assert(bs->job);
1165     obj = qobject_from_block_job(bs->job);
1166     if (ret < 0) {
1167         QDict *dict = qobject_to_qdict(obj);
1168         qdict_put(dict, "error", qstring_from_str(strerror(-ret)));
1169     }
1170 
1171     if (block_job_is_cancelled(bs->job)) {
1172         monitor_protocol_event(QEVENT_BLOCK_JOB_CANCELLED, obj);
1173     } else {
1174         monitor_protocol_event(QEVENT_BLOCK_JOB_COMPLETED, obj);
1175     }
1176     qobject_decref(obj);
1177 
1178     drive_put_ref_bh_schedule(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs));
1179 }
1180 
1181 void qmp_block_stream(const char *device, bool has_base,
1182                       const char *base, bool has_speed, int64_t speed,
1183                       bool has_on_error, BlockdevOnError on_error,
1184                       Error **errp)
1185 {
1186     BlockDriverState *bs;
1187     BlockDriverState *base_bs = NULL;
1188     Error *local_err = NULL;
1189 
1190     if (!has_on_error) {
1191         on_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT;
1192     }
1193 
1194     bs = bdrv_find(device);
1195     if (!bs) {
1196         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
1197         return;
1198     }
1199 
1200     if (base) {
1201         base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, base);
1202         if (base_bs == NULL) {
1203             error_set(errp, QERR_BASE_NOT_FOUND, base);
1204             return;
1205         }
1206     }
1207 
1208     stream_start(bs, base_bs, base, has_speed ? speed : 0,
1209                  on_error, block_job_cb, bs, &local_err);
1210     if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
1211         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1212         return;
1213     }
1214 
1215     /* Grab a reference so hotplug does not delete the BlockDriverState from
1216      * underneath us.
1217      */
1218     drive_get_ref(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs));
1219 
1220     trace_qmp_block_stream(bs, bs->job);
1221 }
1222 
1223 void qmp_block_commit(const char *device,
1224                       bool has_base, const char *base, const char *top,
1225                       bool has_speed, int64_t speed,
1226                       Error **errp)
1227 {
1228     BlockDriverState *bs;
1229     BlockDriverState *base_bs, *top_bs;
1230     Error *local_err = NULL;
1231     /* This will be part of the QMP command, if/when the
1232      * BlockdevOnError change for blkmirror makes it in
1233      */
1234     BlockdevOnError on_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT;
1235 
1236     /* drain all i/o before commits */
1237     bdrv_drain_all();
1238 
1239     bs = bdrv_find(device);
1240     if (!bs) {
1241         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
1242         return;
1243     }
1244 
1245     /* default top_bs is the active layer */
1246     top_bs = bs;
1247 
1248     if (top) {
1249         if (strcmp(bs->filename, top) != 0) {
1250             top_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, top);
1251         }
1252     }
1253 
1254     if (top_bs == NULL) {
1255         error_setg(errp, "Top image file %s not found", top ? top : "NULL");
1256         return;
1257     }
1258 
1259     if (has_base && base) {
1260         base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(top_bs, base);
1261     } else {
1262         base_bs = bdrv_find_base(top_bs);
1263     }
1264 
1265     if (base_bs == NULL) {
1266         error_set(errp, QERR_BASE_NOT_FOUND, base ? base : "NULL");
1267         return;
1268     }
1269 
1270     commit_start(bs, base_bs, top_bs, speed, on_error, block_job_cb, bs,
1271                 &local_err);
1272     if (local_err != NULL) {
1273         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1274         return;
1275     }
1276     /* Grab a reference so hotplug does not delete the BlockDriverState from
1277      * underneath us.
1278      */
1279     drive_get_ref(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs));
1280 }
1281 
1282 #define DEFAULT_MIRROR_BUF_SIZE   (10 << 20)
1283 
1284 void qmp_drive_mirror(const char *device, const char *target,
1285                       bool has_format, const char *format,
1286                       enum MirrorSyncMode sync,
1287                       bool has_mode, enum NewImageMode mode,
1288                       bool has_speed, int64_t speed,
1289                       bool has_granularity, uint32_t granularity,
1290                       bool has_buf_size, int64_t buf_size,
1291                       bool has_on_source_error, BlockdevOnError on_source_error,
1292                       bool has_on_target_error, BlockdevOnError on_target_error,
1293                       Error **errp)
1294 {
1295     BlockDriverState *bs;
1296     BlockDriverState *source, *target_bs;
1297     BlockDriver *proto_drv;
1298     BlockDriver *drv = NULL;
1299     Error *local_err = NULL;
1300     int flags;
1301     uint64_t size;
1302     int ret;
1303 
1304     if (!has_speed) {
1305         speed = 0;
1306     }
1307     if (!has_on_source_error) {
1308         on_source_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT;
1309     }
1310     if (!has_on_target_error) {
1311         on_target_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT;
1312     }
1313     if (!has_mode) {
1314         mode = NEW_IMAGE_MODE_ABSOLUTE_PATHS;
1315     }
1316     if (!has_granularity) {
1317         granularity = 0;
1318     }
1319     if (!has_buf_size) {
1320         buf_size = DEFAULT_MIRROR_BUF_SIZE;
1321     }
1322 
1323     if (granularity != 0 && (granularity < 512 || granularity > 1048576 * 64)) {
1324         error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, device);
1325         return;
1326     }
1327     if (granularity & (granularity - 1)) {
1328         error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, device);
1329         return;
1330     }
1331 
1332     bs = bdrv_find(device);
1333     if (!bs) {
1334         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
1335         return;
1336     }
1337 
1338     if (!bdrv_is_inserted(bs)) {
1339         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_HAS_NO_MEDIUM, device);
1340         return;
1341     }
1342 
1343     if (!has_format) {
1344         format = mode == NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING ? NULL : bs->drv->format_name;
1345     }
1346     if (format) {
1347         drv = bdrv_find_format(format);
1348         if (!drv) {
1349             error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format);
1350             return;
1351         }
1352     }
1353 
1354     if (bdrv_in_use(bs)) {
1355         error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, device);
1356         return;
1357     }
1358 
1359     flags = bs->open_flags | BDRV_O_RDWR;
1360     source = bs->backing_hd;
1361     if (!source && sync == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_TOP) {
1362         sync = MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_FULL;
1363     }
1364 
1365     proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(target);
1366     if (!proto_drv) {
1367         error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format);
1368         return;
1369     }
1370 
1371     bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &size);
1372     size *= 512;
1373     if (sync == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_FULL && mode != NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING) {
1374         /* create new image w/o backing file */
1375         assert(format && drv);
1376         bdrv_img_create(target, format,
1377                         NULL, NULL, NULL, size, flags, &local_err, false);
1378     } else {
1379         switch (mode) {
1380         case NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING:
1381             ret = 0;
1382             break;
1383         case NEW_IMAGE_MODE_ABSOLUTE_PATHS:
1384             /* create new image with backing file */
1385             bdrv_img_create(target, format,
1386                             source->filename,
1387                             source->drv->format_name,
1388                             NULL, size, flags, &local_err, false);
1389             break;
1390         default:
1391             abort();
1392         }
1393     }
1394 
1395     if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
1396         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1397         return;
1398     }
1399 
1400     /* Mirroring takes care of copy-on-write using the source's backing
1401      * file.
1402      */
1403     target_bs = bdrv_new("");
1404     ret = bdrv_open(target_bs, target, NULL, flags | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING, drv);
1405 
1406     if (ret < 0) {
1407         bdrv_delete(target_bs);
1408         error_set(errp, QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, target);
1409         return;
1410     }
1411 
1412     mirror_start(bs, target_bs, speed, granularity, buf_size, sync,
1413                  on_source_error, on_target_error,
1414                  block_job_cb, bs, &local_err);
1415     if (local_err != NULL) {
1416         bdrv_delete(target_bs);
1417         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1418         return;
1419     }
1420 
1421     /* Grab a reference so hotplug does not delete the BlockDriverState from
1422      * underneath us.
1423      */
1424     drive_get_ref(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs));
1425 }
1426 
1427 static BlockJob *find_block_job(const char *device)
1428 {
1429     BlockDriverState *bs;
1430 
1431     bs = bdrv_find(device);
1432     if (!bs || !bs->job) {
1433         return NULL;
1434     }
1435     return bs->job;
1436 }
1437 
1438 void qmp_block_job_set_speed(const char *device, int64_t speed, Error **errp)
1439 {
1440     BlockJob *job = find_block_job(device);
1441 
1442     if (!job) {
1443         error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_NOT_ACTIVE, device);
1444         return;
1445     }
1446 
1447     block_job_set_speed(job, speed, errp);
1448 }
1449 
1450 void qmp_block_job_cancel(const char *device,
1451                           bool has_force, bool force, Error **errp)
1452 {
1453     BlockJob *job = find_block_job(device);
1454 
1455     if (!has_force) {
1456         force = false;
1457     }
1458 
1459     if (!job) {
1460         error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_NOT_ACTIVE, device);
1461         return;
1462     }
1463     if (job->paused && !force) {
1464         error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_PAUSED, device);
1465         return;
1466     }
1467 
1468     trace_qmp_block_job_cancel(job);
1469     block_job_cancel(job);
1470 }
1471 
1472 void qmp_block_job_pause(const char *device, Error **errp)
1473 {
1474     BlockJob *job = find_block_job(device);
1475 
1476     if (!job) {
1477         error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_NOT_ACTIVE, device);
1478         return;
1479     }
1480 
1481     trace_qmp_block_job_pause(job);
1482     block_job_pause(job);
1483 }
1484 
1485 void qmp_block_job_resume(const char *device, Error **errp)
1486 {
1487     BlockJob *job = find_block_job(device);
1488 
1489     if (!job) {
1490         error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_NOT_ACTIVE, device);
1491         return;
1492     }
1493 
1494     trace_qmp_block_job_resume(job);
1495     block_job_resume(job);
1496 }
1497 
1498 void qmp_block_job_complete(const char *device, Error **errp)
1499 {
1500     BlockJob *job = find_block_job(device);
1501 
1502     if (!job) {
1503         error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_NOT_ACTIVE, device);
1504         return;
1505     }
1506 
1507     trace_qmp_block_job_complete(job);
1508     block_job_complete(job, errp);
1509 }
1510 
1511 static void do_qmp_query_block_jobs_one(void *opaque, BlockDriverState *bs)
1512 {
1513     BlockJobInfoList **prev = opaque;
1514     BlockJob *job = bs->job;
1515 
1516     if (job) {
1517         BlockJobInfoList *elem = g_new0(BlockJobInfoList, 1);
1518         elem->value = block_job_query(bs->job);
1519         (*prev)->next = elem;
1520         *prev = elem;
1521     }
1522 }
1523 
1524 BlockJobInfoList *qmp_query_block_jobs(Error **errp)
1525 {
1526     /* Dummy is a fake list element for holding the head pointer */
1527     BlockJobInfoList dummy = {};
1528     BlockJobInfoList *prev = &dummy;
1529     bdrv_iterate(do_qmp_query_block_jobs_one, &prev);
1530     return dummy.next;
1531 }
1532 
1533 QemuOptsList qemu_common_drive_opts = {
1534     .name = "drive",
1535     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_common_drive_opts.head),
1536     .desc = {
1537         {
1538             .name = "bus",
1539             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1540             .help = "bus number",
1541         },{
1542             .name = "unit",
1543             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1544             .help = "unit number (i.e. lun for scsi)",
1545         },{
1546             .name = "if",
1547             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1548             .help = "interface (ide, scsi, sd, mtd, floppy, pflash, virtio)",
1549         },{
1550             .name = "index",
1551             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1552             .help = "index number",
1553         },{
1554             .name = "cyls",
1555             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1556             .help = "number of cylinders (ide disk geometry)",
1557         },{
1558             .name = "heads",
1559             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1560             .help = "number of heads (ide disk geometry)",
1561         },{
1562             .name = "secs",
1563             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1564             .help = "number of sectors (ide disk geometry)",
1565         },{
1566             .name = "trans",
1567             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1568             .help = "chs translation (auto, lba. none)",
1569         },{
1570             .name = "media",
1571             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1572             .help = "media type (disk, cdrom)",
1573         },{
1574             .name = "snapshot",
1575             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1576             .help = "enable/disable snapshot mode",
1577         },{
1578             .name = "file",
1579             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1580             .help = "disk image",
1581         },{
1582             .name = "discard",
1583             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1584             .help = "discard operation (ignore/off, unmap/on)",
1585         },{
1586             .name = "cache",
1587             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1588             .help = "host cache usage (none, writeback, writethrough, "
1589                     "directsync, unsafe)",
1590         },{
1591             .name = "aio",
1592             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1593             .help = "host AIO implementation (threads, native)",
1594         },{
1595             .name = "format",
1596             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1597             .help = "disk format (raw, qcow2, ...)",
1598         },{
1599             .name = "serial",
1600             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1601             .help = "disk serial number",
1602         },{
1603             .name = "rerror",
1604             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1605             .help = "read error action",
1606         },{
1607             .name = "werror",
1608             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1609             .help = "write error action",
1610         },{
1611             .name = "addr",
1612             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1613             .help = "pci address (virtio only)",
1614         },{
1615             .name = "readonly",
1616             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1617             .help = "open drive file as read-only",
1618         },{
1619             .name = "iops",
1620             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1621             .help = "limit total I/O operations per second",
1622         },{
1623             .name = "iops_rd",
1624             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1625             .help = "limit read operations per second",
1626         },{
1627             .name = "iops_wr",
1628             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1629             .help = "limit write operations per second",
1630         },{
1631             .name = "bps",
1632             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1633             .help = "limit total bytes per second",
1634         },{
1635             .name = "bps_rd",
1636             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1637             .help = "limit read bytes per second",
1638         },{
1639             .name = "bps_wr",
1640             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1641             .help = "limit write bytes per second",
1642         },{
1643             .name = "copy-on-read",
1644             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1645             .help = "copy read data from backing file into image file",
1646         },{
1647             .name = "boot",
1648             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1649             .help = "(deprecated, ignored)",
1650         },
1651         { /* end of list */ }
1652     },
1653 };
1654 
1655 QemuOptsList qemu_drive_opts = {
1656     .name = "drive",
1657     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_drive_opts.head),
1658     .desc = {
1659         {
1660             .name = "bus",
1661             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1662             .help = "bus number",
1663         },{
1664             .name = "unit",
1665             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1666             .help = "unit number (i.e. lun for scsi)",
1667         },{
1668             .name = "if",
1669             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1670             .help = "interface (ide, scsi, sd, mtd, floppy, pflash, virtio)",
1671         },{
1672             .name = "index",
1673             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1674             .help = "index number",
1675         },{
1676             .name = "cyls",
1677             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1678             .help = "number of cylinders (ide disk geometry)",
1679         },{
1680             .name = "heads",
1681             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1682             .help = "number of heads (ide disk geometry)",
1683         },{
1684             .name = "secs",
1685             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1686             .help = "number of sectors (ide disk geometry)",
1687         },{
1688             .name = "trans",
1689             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1690             .help = "chs translation (auto, lba. none)",
1691         },{
1692             .name = "media",
1693             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1694             .help = "media type (disk, cdrom)",
1695         },{
1696             .name = "snapshot",
1697             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1698             .help = "enable/disable snapshot mode",
1699         },{
1700             .name = "file",
1701             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1702             .help = "disk image",
1703         },{
1704             .name = "discard",
1705             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1706             .help = "discard operation (ignore/off, unmap/on)",
1707         },{
1708             .name = "cache",
1709             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1710             .help = "host cache usage (none, writeback, writethrough, "
1711                     "directsync, unsafe)",
1712         },{
1713             .name = "aio",
1714             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1715             .help = "host AIO implementation (threads, native)",
1716         },{
1717             .name = "format",
1718             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1719             .help = "disk format (raw, qcow2, ...)",
1720         },{
1721             .name = "serial",
1722             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1723             .help = "disk serial number",
1724         },{
1725             .name = "rerror",
1726             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1727             .help = "read error action",
1728         },{
1729             .name = "werror",
1730             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1731             .help = "write error action",
1732         },{
1733             .name = "addr",
1734             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1735             .help = "pci address (virtio only)",
1736         },{
1737             .name = "readonly",
1738             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1739             .help = "open drive file as read-only",
1740         },{
1741             .name = "iops",
1742             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1743             .help = "limit total I/O operations per second",
1744         },{
1745             .name = "iops_rd",
1746             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1747             .help = "limit read operations per second",
1748         },{
1749             .name = "iops_wr",
1750             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1751             .help = "limit write operations per second",
1752         },{
1753             .name = "bps",
1754             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1755             .help = "limit total bytes per second",
1756         },{
1757             .name = "bps_rd",
1758             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1759             .help = "limit read bytes per second",
1760         },{
1761             .name = "bps_wr",
1762             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1763             .help = "limit write bytes per second",
1764         },{
1765             .name = "copy-on-read",
1766             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1767             .help = "copy read data from backing file into image file",
1768         },{
1769             .name = "boot",
1770             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
1771             .help = "(deprecated, ignored)",
1772         },
1773         { /* end of list */ }
1774     },
1775 };
1776