xref: /openbmc/qemu/block/qcow2.h (revision d901eff3)
1 /*
2  * Block driver for the QCOW version 2 format
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #ifndef BLOCK_QCOW2_H
26 #define BLOCK_QCOW2_H
27 
28 #include "aes.h"
29 #include "qemu-coroutine.h"
30 
31 //#define DEBUG_ALLOC
32 //#define DEBUG_ALLOC2
33 //#define DEBUG_EXT
34 
35 #define QCOW_MAGIC (('Q' << 24) | ('F' << 16) | ('I' << 8) | 0xfb)
36 
37 #define QCOW_CRYPT_NONE 0
38 #define QCOW_CRYPT_AES  1
39 
40 #define QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS 32
41 
42 /* indicate that the refcount of the referenced cluster is exactly one. */
43 #define QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED     (1LL << 63)
44 /* indicate that the cluster is compressed (they never have the copied flag) */
45 #define QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED (1LL << 62)
46 /* The cluster reads as all zeros */
47 #define QCOW_OFLAG_ZERO (1LL << 0)
48 
49 #define REFCOUNT_SHIFT 1 /* refcount size is 2 bytes */
50 
51 #define MIN_CLUSTER_BITS 9
52 #define MAX_CLUSTER_BITS 21
53 
54 #define L2_CACHE_SIZE 16
55 
56 /* Must be at least 4 to cover all cases of refcount table growth */
57 #define REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE 4
58 
59 #define DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE 65536
60 
61 typedef struct QCowHeader {
62     uint32_t magic;
63     uint32_t version;
64     uint64_t backing_file_offset;
65     uint32_t backing_file_size;
66     uint32_t cluster_bits;
67     uint64_t size; /* in bytes */
68     uint32_t crypt_method;
69     uint32_t l1_size; /* XXX: save number of clusters instead ? */
70     uint64_t l1_table_offset;
71     uint64_t refcount_table_offset;
72     uint32_t refcount_table_clusters;
73     uint32_t nb_snapshots;
74     uint64_t snapshots_offset;
75 
76     /* The following fields are only valid for version >= 3 */
77     uint64_t incompatible_features;
78     uint64_t compatible_features;
79     uint64_t autoclear_features;
80 
81     uint32_t refcount_order;
82     uint32_t header_length;
83 } QCowHeader;
84 
85 typedef struct QCowSnapshot {
86     uint64_t l1_table_offset;
87     uint32_t l1_size;
88     char *id_str;
89     char *name;
90     uint64_t disk_size;
91     uint64_t vm_state_size;
92     uint32_t date_sec;
93     uint32_t date_nsec;
94     uint64_t vm_clock_nsec;
95 } QCowSnapshot;
96 
97 struct Qcow2Cache;
98 typedef struct Qcow2Cache Qcow2Cache;
99 
100 typedef struct Qcow2UnknownHeaderExtension {
101     uint32_t magic;
102     uint32_t len;
103     QLIST_ENTRY(Qcow2UnknownHeaderExtension) next;
104     uint8_t data[];
105 } Qcow2UnknownHeaderExtension;
106 
107 enum {
108     QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE    = 0,
109     QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_COMPATIBLE      = 1,
110     QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_AUTOCLEAR       = 2,
111 };
112 
113 typedef struct Qcow2Feature {
114     uint8_t type;
115     uint8_t bit;
116     char    name[46];
117 } QEMU_PACKED Qcow2Feature;
118 
119 typedef struct BDRVQcowState {
120     int cluster_bits;
121     int cluster_size;
122     int cluster_sectors;
123     int l2_bits;
124     int l2_size;
125     int l1_size;
126     int l1_vm_state_index;
127     int csize_shift;
128     int csize_mask;
129     uint64_t cluster_offset_mask;
130     uint64_t l1_table_offset;
131     uint64_t *l1_table;
132 
133     Qcow2Cache* l2_table_cache;
134     Qcow2Cache* refcount_block_cache;
135 
136     uint8_t *cluster_cache;
137     uint8_t *cluster_data;
138     uint64_t cluster_cache_offset;
139     QLIST_HEAD(QCowClusterAlloc, QCowL2Meta) cluster_allocs;
140 
141     uint64_t *refcount_table;
142     uint64_t refcount_table_offset;
143     uint32_t refcount_table_size;
144     int64_t free_cluster_index;
145     int64_t free_byte_offset;
146 
147     CoMutex lock;
148 
149     uint32_t crypt_method; /* current crypt method, 0 if no key yet */
150     uint32_t crypt_method_header;
151     AES_KEY aes_encrypt_key;
152     AES_KEY aes_decrypt_key;
153     uint64_t snapshots_offset;
154     int snapshots_size;
155     int nb_snapshots;
156     QCowSnapshot *snapshots;
157 
158     int flags;
159     int qcow_version;
160 
161     uint64_t incompatible_features;
162     uint64_t compatible_features;
163     uint64_t autoclear_features;
164 
165     size_t unknown_header_fields_size;
166     void* unknown_header_fields;
167     QLIST_HEAD(, Qcow2UnknownHeaderExtension) unknown_header_ext;
168 } BDRVQcowState;
169 
170 /* XXX: use std qcow open function ? */
171 typedef struct QCowCreateState {
172     int cluster_size;
173     int cluster_bits;
174     uint16_t *refcount_block;
175     uint64_t *refcount_table;
176     int64_t l1_table_offset;
177     int64_t refcount_table_offset;
178     int64_t refcount_block_offset;
179 } QCowCreateState;
180 
181 struct QCowAIOCB;
182 
183 /* XXX This could be private for qcow2-cluster.c */
184 typedef struct QCowL2Meta
185 {
186     uint64_t offset;
187     uint64_t cluster_offset;
188     uint64_t alloc_offset;
189     int n_start;
190     int nb_available;
191     int nb_clusters;
192     CoQueue dependent_requests;
193 
194     QLIST_ENTRY(QCowL2Meta) next_in_flight;
195 } QCowL2Meta;
196 
197 enum {
198     QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED,
199     QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL,
200     QCOW2_CLUSTER_COMPRESSED,
201     QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO
202 };
203 
204 #define L1E_OFFSET_MASK 0x00ffffffffffff00ULL
205 #define L2E_OFFSET_MASK 0x00ffffffffffff00ULL
206 #define L2E_COMPRESSED_OFFSET_SIZE_MASK 0x3fffffffffffffffULL
207 
208 #define REFT_OFFSET_MASK 0xffffffffffffff00ULL
209 
210 static inline int size_to_clusters(BDRVQcowState *s, int64_t size)
211 {
212     return (size + (s->cluster_size - 1)) >> s->cluster_bits;
213 }
214 
215 static inline int size_to_l1(BDRVQcowState *s, int64_t size)
216 {
217     int shift = s->cluster_bits + s->l2_bits;
218     return (size + (1ULL << shift) - 1) >> shift;
219 }
220 
221 static inline int64_t align_offset(int64_t offset, int n)
222 {
223     offset = (offset + n - 1) & ~(n - 1);
224     return offset;
225 }
226 
227 static inline int qcow2_get_cluster_type(uint64_t l2_entry)
228 {
229     if (l2_entry & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) {
230         return QCOW2_CLUSTER_COMPRESSED;
231     } else if (l2_entry & QCOW_OFLAG_ZERO) {
232         return QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO;
233     } else if (!(l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK)) {
234         return QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED;
235     } else {
236         return QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL;
237     }
238 }
239 
240 
241 // FIXME Need qcow2_ prefix to global functions
242 
243 /* qcow2.c functions */
244 int qcow2_backing_read1(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
245                   int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors);
246 int qcow2_update_header(BlockDriverState *bs);
247 
248 /* qcow2-refcount.c functions */
249 int qcow2_refcount_init(BlockDriverState *bs);
250 void qcow2_refcount_close(BlockDriverState *bs);
251 
252 int64_t qcow2_alloc_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t size);
253 int qcow2_alloc_clusters_at(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
254     int nb_clusters);
255 int64_t qcow2_alloc_bytes(BlockDriverState *bs, int size);
256 void qcow2_free_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs,
257     int64_t offset, int64_t size);
258 void qcow2_free_any_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs,
259     uint64_t cluster_offset, int nb_clusters);
260 
261 int qcow2_update_snapshot_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs,
262     int64_t l1_table_offset, int l1_size, int addend);
263 
264 int qcow2_check_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
265                           BdrvCheckMode fix);
266 
267 /* qcow2-cluster.c functions */
268 int qcow2_grow_l1_table(BlockDriverState *bs, int min_size, bool exact_size);
269 void qcow2_l2_cache_reset(BlockDriverState *bs);
270 int qcow2_decompress_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t cluster_offset);
271 void qcow2_encrypt_sectors(BDRVQcowState *s, int64_t sector_num,
272                      uint8_t *out_buf, const uint8_t *in_buf,
273                      int nb_sectors, int enc,
274                      const AES_KEY *key);
275 
276 int qcow2_get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
277     int *num, uint64_t *cluster_offset);
278 int qcow2_alloc_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
279     int n_start, int n_end, int *num, QCowL2Meta *m);
280 uint64_t qcow2_alloc_compressed_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
281                                          uint64_t offset,
282                                          int compressed_size);
283 
284 int qcow2_alloc_cluster_link_l2(BlockDriverState *bs, QCowL2Meta *m);
285 int qcow2_discard_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
286     int nb_sectors);
287 int qcow2_zero_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, int nb_sectors);
288 
289 /* qcow2-snapshot.c functions */
290 int qcow2_snapshot_create(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_info);
291 int qcow2_snapshot_goto(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *snapshot_id);
292 int qcow2_snapshot_delete(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *snapshot_id);
293 int qcow2_snapshot_list(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUSnapshotInfo **psn_tab);
294 int qcow2_snapshot_load_tmp(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *snapshot_name);
295 
296 void qcow2_free_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs);
297 int qcow2_read_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs);
298 
299 /* qcow2-cache.c functions */
300 Qcow2Cache *qcow2_cache_create(BlockDriverState *bs, int num_tables);
301 int qcow2_cache_destroy(BlockDriverState* bs, Qcow2Cache *c);
302 
303 void qcow2_cache_entry_mark_dirty(Qcow2Cache *c, void *table);
304 int qcow2_cache_flush(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Cache *c);
305 int qcow2_cache_set_dependency(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Cache *c,
306     Qcow2Cache *dependency);
307 void qcow2_cache_depends_on_flush(Qcow2Cache *c);
308 
309 int qcow2_cache_get(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Cache *c, uint64_t offset,
310     void **table);
311 int qcow2_cache_get_empty(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Cache *c, uint64_t offset,
312     void **table);
313 int qcow2_cache_put(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Cache *c, void **table);
314 
315 #endif
316