xref: /openbmc/qemu/block/qcow2.h (revision 2345c77c)
1 /*
2  * Block driver for the QCOW version 2 format
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #ifndef BLOCK_QCOW2_H
26 #define BLOCK_QCOW2_H
27 
28 #include "aes.h"
29 
30 //#define DEBUG_ALLOC
31 //#define DEBUG_ALLOC2
32 //#define DEBUG_EXT
33 
34 #define QCOW_MAGIC (('Q' << 24) | ('F' << 16) | ('I' << 8) | 0xfb)
35 #define QCOW_VERSION 2
36 
37 #define QCOW_CRYPT_NONE 0
38 #define QCOW_CRYPT_AES  1
39 
40 #define QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS 32
41 
42 /* indicate that the refcount of the referenced cluster is exactly one. */
43 #define QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED     (1LL << 63)
44 /* indicate that the cluster is compressed (they never have the copied flag) */
45 #define QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED (1LL << 62)
46 
47 #define REFCOUNT_SHIFT 1 /* refcount size is 2 bytes */
48 
49 #define MIN_CLUSTER_BITS 9
50 #define MAX_CLUSTER_BITS 21
51 
52 #define L2_CACHE_SIZE 16
53 
54 /* Must be at least 4 to cover all cases of refcount table growth */
55 #define REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE 4
56 
57 #define DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE 65536
58 
59 typedef struct QCowHeader {
60     uint32_t magic;
61     uint32_t version;
62     uint64_t backing_file_offset;
63     uint32_t backing_file_size;
64     uint32_t cluster_bits;
65     uint64_t size; /* in bytes */
66     uint32_t crypt_method;
67     uint32_t l1_size; /* XXX: save number of clusters instead ? */
68     uint64_t l1_table_offset;
69     uint64_t refcount_table_offset;
70     uint32_t refcount_table_clusters;
71     uint32_t nb_snapshots;
72     uint64_t snapshots_offset;
73 } QCowHeader;
74 
75 typedef struct QCowSnapshot {
76     uint64_t l1_table_offset;
77     uint32_t l1_size;
78     char *id_str;
79     char *name;
80     uint32_t vm_state_size;
81     uint32_t date_sec;
82     uint32_t date_nsec;
83     uint64_t vm_clock_nsec;
84 } QCowSnapshot;
85 
86 struct Qcow2Cache;
87 typedef struct Qcow2Cache Qcow2Cache;
88 
89 typedef struct BDRVQcowState {
90     int cluster_bits;
91     int cluster_size;
92     int cluster_sectors;
93     int l2_bits;
94     int l2_size;
95     int l1_size;
96     int l1_vm_state_index;
97     int csize_shift;
98     int csize_mask;
99     uint64_t cluster_offset_mask;
100     uint64_t l1_table_offset;
101     uint64_t *l1_table;
102 
103     Qcow2Cache* l2_table_cache;
104     Qcow2Cache* refcount_block_cache;
105 
106     uint8_t *cluster_cache;
107     uint8_t *cluster_data;
108     uint64_t cluster_cache_offset;
109     QLIST_HEAD(QCowClusterAlloc, QCowL2Meta) cluster_allocs;
110 
111     uint64_t *refcount_table;
112     uint64_t refcount_table_offset;
113     uint32_t refcount_table_size;
114     int64_t free_cluster_index;
115     int64_t free_byte_offset;
116 
117     uint32_t crypt_method; /* current crypt method, 0 if no key yet */
118     uint32_t crypt_method_header;
119     AES_KEY aes_encrypt_key;
120     AES_KEY aes_decrypt_key;
121     uint64_t snapshots_offset;
122     int snapshots_size;
123     int nb_snapshots;
124     QCowSnapshot *snapshots;
125 } BDRVQcowState;
126 
127 /* XXX: use std qcow open function ? */
128 typedef struct QCowCreateState {
129     int cluster_size;
130     int cluster_bits;
131     uint16_t *refcount_block;
132     uint64_t *refcount_table;
133     int64_t l1_table_offset;
134     int64_t refcount_table_offset;
135     int64_t refcount_block_offset;
136 } QCowCreateState;
137 
138 struct QCowAIOCB;
139 
140 /* XXX This could be private for qcow2-cluster.c */
141 typedef struct QCowL2Meta
142 {
143     uint64_t offset;
144     uint64_t cluster_offset;
145     int n_start;
146     int nb_available;
147     int nb_clusters;
148     struct QCowL2Meta *depends_on;
149     QLIST_HEAD(QCowAioDependencies, QCowAIOCB) dependent_requests;
150 
151     QLIST_ENTRY(QCowL2Meta) next_in_flight;
152 } QCowL2Meta;
153 
154 static inline int size_to_clusters(BDRVQcowState *s, int64_t size)
155 {
156     return (size + (s->cluster_size - 1)) >> s->cluster_bits;
157 }
158 
159 static inline int size_to_l1(BDRVQcowState *s, int64_t size)
160 {
161     int shift = s->cluster_bits + s->l2_bits;
162     return (size + (1ULL << shift) - 1) >> shift;
163 }
164 
165 static inline int64_t align_offset(int64_t offset, int n)
166 {
167     offset = (offset + n - 1) & ~(n - 1);
168     return offset;
169 }
170 
171 
172 // FIXME Need qcow2_ prefix to global functions
173 
174 /* qcow2.c functions */
175 int qcow2_backing_read1(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
176                   int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors);
177 
178 /* qcow2-refcount.c functions */
179 int qcow2_refcount_init(BlockDriverState *bs);
180 void qcow2_refcount_close(BlockDriverState *bs);
181 
182 int64_t qcow2_alloc_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t size);
183 int64_t qcow2_alloc_bytes(BlockDriverState *bs, int size);
184 void qcow2_free_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs,
185     int64_t offset, int64_t size);
186 void qcow2_free_any_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs,
187     uint64_t cluster_offset, int nb_clusters);
188 
189 void qcow2_create_refcount_update(QCowCreateState *s, int64_t offset,
190     int64_t size);
191 int qcow2_update_snapshot_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs,
192     int64_t l1_table_offset, int l1_size, int addend);
193 
194 int qcow2_check_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res);
195 
196 /* qcow2-cluster.c functions */
197 int qcow2_grow_l1_table(BlockDriverState *bs, int min_size, bool exact_size);
198 void qcow2_l2_cache_reset(BlockDriverState *bs);
199 int qcow2_decompress_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t cluster_offset);
200 void qcow2_encrypt_sectors(BDRVQcowState *s, int64_t sector_num,
201                      uint8_t *out_buf, const uint8_t *in_buf,
202                      int nb_sectors, int enc,
203                      const AES_KEY *key);
204 
205 int qcow2_get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
206     int *num, uint64_t *cluster_offset);
207 int qcow2_alloc_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
208     int n_start, int n_end, int *num, QCowL2Meta *m);
209 uint64_t qcow2_alloc_compressed_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
210                                          uint64_t offset,
211                                          int compressed_size);
212 
213 int qcow2_alloc_cluster_link_l2(BlockDriverState *bs, QCowL2Meta *m);
214 int qcow2_discard_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
215     int nb_sectors);
216 
217 /* qcow2-snapshot.c functions */
218 int qcow2_snapshot_create(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_info);
219 int qcow2_snapshot_goto(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *snapshot_id);
220 int qcow2_snapshot_delete(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *snapshot_id);
221 int qcow2_snapshot_list(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUSnapshotInfo **psn_tab);
222 int qcow2_snapshot_load_tmp(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *snapshot_name);
223 
224 void qcow2_free_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs);
225 int qcow2_read_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs);
226 
227 /* qcow2-cache.c functions */
228 Qcow2Cache *qcow2_cache_create(BlockDriverState *bs, int num_tables,
229     bool writethrough);
230 int qcow2_cache_destroy(BlockDriverState* bs, Qcow2Cache *c);
231 
232 void qcow2_cache_entry_mark_dirty(Qcow2Cache *c, void *table);
233 int qcow2_cache_flush(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Cache *c);
234 int qcow2_cache_set_dependency(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Cache *c,
235     Qcow2Cache *dependency);
236 void qcow2_cache_depends_on_flush(Qcow2Cache *c);
237 
238 int qcow2_cache_get(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Cache *c, uint64_t offset,
239     void **table);
240 int qcow2_cache_get_empty(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Cache *c, uint64_t offset,
241     void **table);
242 int qcow2_cache_put(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Cache *c, void **table);
243 
244 #endif
245