1 /* 2 * Block driver for the QCOW version 2 format 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Fabrice Bellard 5 * 6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy 7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal 8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights 9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell 10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is 11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: 12 * 13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in 14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. 15 * 16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR 17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, 18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL 19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER 20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, 21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN 22 * THE SOFTWARE. 23 */ 24 25 #include "qemu/osdep.h" 26 27 #define ZLIB_CONST 28 #include <zlib.h> 29 30 #include "block/block_int.h" 31 #include "block/qdict.h" 32 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h" 33 #include "qemu/module.h" 34 #include "qcow2.h" 35 #include "qemu/error-report.h" 36 #include "qapi/error.h" 37 #include "qapi/qapi-events-block-core.h" 38 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h" 39 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h" 40 #include "trace.h" 41 #include "qemu/option_int.h" 42 #include "qemu/cutils.h" 43 #include "qemu/bswap.h" 44 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h" 45 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-block-core.h" 46 #include "crypto.h" 47 #include "block/thread-pool.h" 48 49 /* 50 Differences with QCOW: 51 52 - Support for multiple incremental snapshots. 53 - Memory management by reference counts. 54 - Clusters which have a reference count of one have the bit 55 QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED to optimize write performance. 56 - Size of compressed clusters is stored in sectors to reduce bit usage 57 in the cluster offsets. 58 - Support for storing additional data (such as the VM state) in the 59 snapshots. 60 - If a backing store is used, the cluster size is not constrained 61 (could be backported to QCOW). 62 - L2 tables have always a size of one cluster. 63 */ 64 65 66 typedef struct { 67 uint32_t magic; 68 uint32_t len; 69 } QEMU_PACKED QCowExtension; 70 71 #define QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_END 0 72 #define QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_BACKING_FORMAT 0xE2792ACA 73 #define QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_FEATURE_TABLE 0x6803f857 74 #define QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_CRYPTO_HEADER 0x0537be77 75 #define QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_BITMAPS 0x23852875 76 #define QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_DATA_FILE 0x44415441 77 78 static int coroutine_fn 79 qcow2_co_preadv_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs, 80 uint64_t file_cluster_offset, 81 uint64_t offset, 82 uint64_t bytes, 83 QEMUIOVector *qiov); 84 85 static int qcow2_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename) 86 { 87 const QCowHeader *cow_header = (const void *)buf; 88 89 if (buf_size >= sizeof(QCowHeader) && 90 be32_to_cpu(cow_header->magic) == QCOW_MAGIC && 91 be32_to_cpu(cow_header->version) >= 2) 92 return 100; 93 else 94 return 0; 95 } 96 97 98 static ssize_t qcow2_crypto_hdr_read_func(QCryptoBlock *block, size_t offset, 99 uint8_t *buf, size_t buflen, 100 void *opaque, Error **errp) 101 { 102 BlockDriverState *bs = opaque; 103 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 104 ssize_t ret; 105 106 if ((offset + buflen) > s->crypto_header.length) { 107 error_setg(errp, "Request for data outside of extension header"); 108 return -1; 109 } 110 111 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, 112 s->crypto_header.offset + offset, buf, buflen); 113 if (ret < 0) { 114 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read encryption header"); 115 return -1; 116 } 117 return ret; 118 } 119 120 121 static ssize_t qcow2_crypto_hdr_init_func(QCryptoBlock *block, size_t headerlen, 122 void *opaque, Error **errp) 123 { 124 BlockDriverState *bs = opaque; 125 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 126 int64_t ret; 127 int64_t clusterlen; 128 129 ret = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, headerlen); 130 if (ret < 0) { 131 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, 132 "Cannot allocate cluster for LUKS header size %zu", 133 headerlen); 134 return -1; 135 } 136 137 s->crypto_header.length = headerlen; 138 s->crypto_header.offset = ret; 139 140 /* Zero fill remaining space in cluster so it has predictable 141 * content in case of future spec changes */ 142 clusterlen = size_to_clusters(s, headerlen) * s->cluster_size; 143 assert(qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, ret, clusterlen, false) == 0); 144 ret = bdrv_pwrite_zeroes(bs->file, 145 ret + headerlen, 146 clusterlen - headerlen, 0); 147 if (ret < 0) { 148 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not zero fill encryption header"); 149 return -1; 150 } 151 152 return ret; 153 } 154 155 156 static ssize_t qcow2_crypto_hdr_write_func(QCryptoBlock *block, size_t offset, 157 const uint8_t *buf, size_t buflen, 158 void *opaque, Error **errp) 159 { 160 BlockDriverState *bs = opaque; 161 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 162 ssize_t ret; 163 164 if ((offset + buflen) > s->crypto_header.length) { 165 error_setg(errp, "Request for data outside of extension header"); 166 return -1; 167 } 168 169 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, 170 s->crypto_header.offset + offset, buf, buflen); 171 if (ret < 0) { 172 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read encryption header"); 173 return -1; 174 } 175 return ret; 176 } 177 178 179 /* 180 * read qcow2 extension and fill bs 181 * start reading from start_offset 182 * finish reading upon magic of value 0 or when end_offset reached 183 * unknown magic is skipped (future extension this version knows nothing about) 184 * return 0 upon success, non-0 otherwise 185 */ 186 static int qcow2_read_extensions(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t start_offset, 187 uint64_t end_offset, void **p_feature_table, 188 int flags, bool *need_update_header, 189 Error **errp) 190 { 191 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 192 QCowExtension ext; 193 uint64_t offset; 194 int ret; 195 Qcow2BitmapHeaderExt bitmaps_ext; 196 197 if (need_update_header != NULL) { 198 *need_update_header = false; 199 } 200 201 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT 202 printf("qcow2_read_extensions: start=%ld end=%ld\n", start_offset, end_offset); 203 #endif 204 offset = start_offset; 205 while (offset < end_offset) { 206 207 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT 208 /* Sanity check */ 209 if (offset > s->cluster_size) 210 printf("qcow2_read_extension: suspicious offset %lu\n", offset); 211 212 printf("attempting to read extended header in offset %lu\n", offset); 213 #endif 214 215 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, &ext, sizeof(ext)); 216 if (ret < 0) { 217 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "qcow2_read_extension: ERROR: " 218 "pread fail from offset %" PRIu64, offset); 219 return 1; 220 } 221 ext.magic = be32_to_cpu(ext.magic); 222 ext.len = be32_to_cpu(ext.len); 223 offset += sizeof(ext); 224 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT 225 printf("ext.magic = 0x%x\n", ext.magic); 226 #endif 227 if (offset > end_offset || ext.len > end_offset - offset) { 228 error_setg(errp, "Header extension too large"); 229 return -EINVAL; 230 } 231 232 switch (ext.magic) { 233 case QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_END: 234 return 0; 235 236 case QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_BACKING_FORMAT: 237 if (ext.len >= sizeof(bs->backing_format)) { 238 error_setg(errp, "ERROR: ext_backing_format: len=%" PRIu32 239 " too large (>=%zu)", ext.len, 240 sizeof(bs->backing_format)); 241 return 2; 242 } 243 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, bs->backing_format, ext.len); 244 if (ret < 0) { 245 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "ERROR: ext_backing_format: " 246 "Could not read format name"); 247 return 3; 248 } 249 bs->backing_format[ext.len] = '\0'; 250 s->image_backing_format = g_strdup(bs->backing_format); 251 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT 252 printf("Qcow2: Got format extension %s\n", bs->backing_format); 253 #endif 254 break; 255 256 case QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_FEATURE_TABLE: 257 if (p_feature_table != NULL) { 258 void* feature_table = g_malloc0(ext.len + 2 * sizeof(Qcow2Feature)); 259 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset , feature_table, ext.len); 260 if (ret < 0) { 261 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "ERROR: ext_feature_table: " 262 "Could not read table"); 263 return ret; 264 } 265 266 *p_feature_table = feature_table; 267 } 268 break; 269 270 case QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_CRYPTO_HEADER: { 271 unsigned int cflags = 0; 272 if (s->crypt_method_header != QCOW_CRYPT_LUKS) { 273 error_setg(errp, "CRYPTO header extension only " 274 "expected with LUKS encryption method"); 275 return -EINVAL; 276 } 277 if (ext.len != sizeof(Qcow2CryptoHeaderExtension)) { 278 error_setg(errp, "CRYPTO header extension size %u, " 279 "but expected size %zu", ext.len, 280 sizeof(Qcow2CryptoHeaderExtension)); 281 return -EINVAL; 282 } 283 284 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, &s->crypto_header, ext.len); 285 if (ret < 0) { 286 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, 287 "Unable to read CRYPTO header extension"); 288 return ret; 289 } 290 s->crypto_header.offset = be64_to_cpu(s->crypto_header.offset); 291 s->crypto_header.length = be64_to_cpu(s->crypto_header.length); 292 293 if ((s->crypto_header.offset % s->cluster_size) != 0) { 294 error_setg(errp, "Encryption header offset '%" PRIu64 "' is " 295 "not a multiple of cluster size '%u'", 296 s->crypto_header.offset, s->cluster_size); 297 return -EINVAL; 298 } 299 300 if (flags & BDRV_O_NO_IO) { 301 cflags |= QCRYPTO_BLOCK_OPEN_NO_IO; 302 } 303 s->crypto = qcrypto_block_open(s->crypto_opts, "encrypt.", 304 qcow2_crypto_hdr_read_func, 305 bs, cflags, 1, errp); 306 if (!s->crypto) { 307 return -EINVAL; 308 } 309 } break; 310 311 case QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_BITMAPS: 312 if (ext.len != sizeof(bitmaps_ext)) { 313 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "bitmaps_ext: " 314 "Invalid extension length"); 315 return -EINVAL; 316 } 317 318 if (!(s->autoclear_features & QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS)) { 319 if (s->qcow_version < 3) { 320 /* Let's be a bit more specific */ 321 warn_report("This qcow2 v2 image contains bitmaps, but " 322 "they may have been modified by a program " 323 "without persistent bitmap support; so now " 324 "they must all be considered inconsistent"); 325 } else { 326 warn_report("a program lacking bitmap support " 327 "modified this file, so all bitmaps are now " 328 "considered inconsistent"); 329 } 330 error_printf("Some clusters may be leaked, " 331 "run 'qemu-img check -r' on the image " 332 "file to fix."); 333 if (need_update_header != NULL) { 334 /* Updating is needed to drop invalid bitmap extension. */ 335 *need_update_header = true; 336 } 337 break; 338 } 339 340 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, &bitmaps_ext, ext.len); 341 if (ret < 0) { 342 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "bitmaps_ext: " 343 "Could not read ext header"); 344 return ret; 345 } 346 347 if (bitmaps_ext.reserved32 != 0) { 348 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "bitmaps_ext: " 349 "Reserved field is not zero"); 350 return -EINVAL; 351 } 352 353 bitmaps_ext.nb_bitmaps = be32_to_cpu(bitmaps_ext.nb_bitmaps); 354 bitmaps_ext.bitmap_directory_size = 355 be64_to_cpu(bitmaps_ext.bitmap_directory_size); 356 bitmaps_ext.bitmap_directory_offset = 357 be64_to_cpu(bitmaps_ext.bitmap_directory_offset); 358 359 if (bitmaps_ext.nb_bitmaps > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS) { 360 error_setg(errp, 361 "bitmaps_ext: Image has %" PRIu32 " bitmaps, " 362 "exceeding the QEMU supported maximum of %d", 363 bitmaps_ext.nb_bitmaps, QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS); 364 return -EINVAL; 365 } 366 367 if (bitmaps_ext.nb_bitmaps == 0) { 368 error_setg(errp, "found bitmaps extension with zero bitmaps"); 369 return -EINVAL; 370 } 371 372 if (bitmaps_ext.bitmap_directory_offset & (s->cluster_size - 1)) { 373 error_setg(errp, "bitmaps_ext: " 374 "invalid bitmap directory offset"); 375 return -EINVAL; 376 } 377 378 if (bitmaps_ext.bitmap_directory_size > 379 QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) { 380 error_setg(errp, "bitmaps_ext: " 381 "bitmap directory size (%" PRIu64 ") exceeds " 382 "the maximum supported size (%d)", 383 bitmaps_ext.bitmap_directory_size, 384 QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE); 385 return -EINVAL; 386 } 387 388 s->nb_bitmaps = bitmaps_ext.nb_bitmaps; 389 s->bitmap_directory_offset = 390 bitmaps_ext.bitmap_directory_offset; 391 s->bitmap_directory_size = 392 bitmaps_ext.bitmap_directory_size; 393 394 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT 395 printf("Qcow2: Got bitmaps extension: " 396 "offset=%" PRIu64 " nb_bitmaps=%" PRIu32 "\n", 397 s->bitmap_directory_offset, s->nb_bitmaps); 398 #endif 399 break; 400 401 case QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_DATA_FILE: 402 { 403 s->image_data_file = g_malloc0(ext.len + 1); 404 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, s->image_data_file, ext.len); 405 if (ret < 0) { 406 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, 407 "ERROR: Could not read data file name"); 408 return ret; 409 } 410 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT 411 printf("Qcow2: Got external data file %s\n", s->image_data_file); 412 #endif 413 break; 414 } 415 416 default: 417 /* unknown magic - save it in case we need to rewrite the header */ 418 /* If you add a new feature, make sure to also update the fast 419 * path of qcow2_make_empty() to deal with it. */ 420 { 421 Qcow2UnknownHeaderExtension *uext; 422 423 uext = g_malloc0(sizeof(*uext) + ext.len); 424 uext->magic = ext.magic; 425 uext->len = ext.len; 426 QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&s->unknown_header_ext, uext, next); 427 428 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset , uext->data, uext->len); 429 if (ret < 0) { 430 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "ERROR: unknown extension: " 431 "Could not read data"); 432 return ret; 433 } 434 } 435 break; 436 } 437 438 offset += ((ext.len + 7) & ~7); 439 } 440 441 return 0; 442 } 443 444 static void cleanup_unknown_header_ext(BlockDriverState *bs) 445 { 446 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 447 Qcow2UnknownHeaderExtension *uext, *next; 448 449 QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(uext, &s->unknown_header_ext, next, next) { 450 QLIST_REMOVE(uext, next); 451 g_free(uext); 452 } 453 } 454 455 static void report_unsupported_feature(Error **errp, Qcow2Feature *table, 456 uint64_t mask) 457 { 458 char *features = g_strdup(""); 459 char *old; 460 461 while (table && table->name[0] != '\0') { 462 if (table->type == QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE) { 463 if (mask & (1ULL << table->bit)) { 464 old = features; 465 features = g_strdup_printf("%s%s%.46s", old, *old ? ", " : "", 466 table->name); 467 g_free(old); 468 mask &= ~(1ULL << table->bit); 469 } 470 } 471 table++; 472 } 473 474 if (mask) { 475 old = features; 476 features = g_strdup_printf("%s%sUnknown incompatible feature: %" PRIx64, 477 old, *old ? ", " : "", mask); 478 g_free(old); 479 } 480 481 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported qcow2 feature(s): %s", features); 482 g_free(features); 483 } 484 485 /* 486 * Sets the dirty bit and flushes afterwards if necessary. 487 * 488 * The incompatible_features bit is only set if the image file header was 489 * updated successfully. Therefore it is not required to check the return 490 * value of this function. 491 */ 492 int qcow2_mark_dirty(BlockDriverState *bs) 493 { 494 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 495 uint64_t val; 496 int ret; 497 498 assert(s->qcow_version >= 3); 499 500 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY) { 501 return 0; /* already dirty */ 502 } 503 504 val = cpu_to_be64(s->incompatible_features | QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY); 505 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, offsetof(QCowHeader, incompatible_features), 506 &val, sizeof(val)); 507 if (ret < 0) { 508 return ret; 509 } 510 ret = bdrv_flush(bs->file->bs); 511 if (ret < 0) { 512 return ret; 513 } 514 515 /* Only treat image as dirty if the header was updated successfully */ 516 s->incompatible_features |= QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY; 517 return 0; 518 } 519 520 /* 521 * Clears the dirty bit and flushes before if necessary. Only call this 522 * function when there are no pending requests, it does not guard against 523 * concurrent requests dirtying the image. 524 */ 525 static int qcow2_mark_clean(BlockDriverState *bs) 526 { 527 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 528 529 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY) { 530 int ret; 531 532 s->incompatible_features &= ~QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY; 533 534 ret = qcow2_flush_caches(bs); 535 if (ret < 0) { 536 return ret; 537 } 538 539 return qcow2_update_header(bs); 540 } 541 return 0; 542 } 543 544 /* 545 * Marks the image as corrupt. 546 */ 547 int qcow2_mark_corrupt(BlockDriverState *bs) 548 { 549 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 550 551 s->incompatible_features |= QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT; 552 return qcow2_update_header(bs); 553 } 554 555 /* 556 * Marks the image as consistent, i.e., unsets the corrupt bit, and flushes 557 * before if necessary. 558 */ 559 int qcow2_mark_consistent(BlockDriverState *bs) 560 { 561 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 562 563 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT) { 564 int ret = qcow2_flush_caches(bs); 565 if (ret < 0) { 566 return ret; 567 } 568 569 s->incompatible_features &= ~QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT; 570 return qcow2_update_header(bs); 571 } 572 return 0; 573 } 574 575 static int coroutine_fn qcow2_co_check_locked(BlockDriverState *bs, 576 BdrvCheckResult *result, 577 BdrvCheckMode fix) 578 { 579 int ret = qcow2_check_refcounts(bs, result, fix); 580 if (ret < 0) { 581 return ret; 582 } 583 584 if (fix && result->check_errors == 0 && result->corruptions == 0) { 585 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(bs); 586 if (ret < 0) { 587 return ret; 588 } 589 return qcow2_mark_consistent(bs); 590 } 591 return ret; 592 } 593 594 static int coroutine_fn qcow2_co_check(BlockDriverState *bs, 595 BdrvCheckResult *result, 596 BdrvCheckMode fix) 597 { 598 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 599 int ret; 600 601 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 602 ret = qcow2_co_check_locked(bs, result, fix); 603 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 604 return ret; 605 } 606 607 int qcow2_validate_table(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, 608 uint64_t entries, size_t entry_len, 609 int64_t max_size_bytes, const char *table_name, 610 Error **errp) 611 { 612 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 613 614 if (entries > max_size_bytes / entry_len) { 615 error_setg(errp, "%s too large", table_name); 616 return -EFBIG; 617 } 618 619 /* Use signed INT64_MAX as the maximum even for uint64_t header fields, 620 * because values will be passed to qemu functions taking int64_t. */ 621 if ((INT64_MAX - entries * entry_len < offset) || 622 (offset_into_cluster(s, offset) != 0)) { 623 error_setg(errp, "%s offset invalid", table_name); 624 return -EINVAL; 625 } 626 627 return 0; 628 } 629 630 static const char *const mutable_opts[] = { 631 QCOW2_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS, 632 QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_REQUEST, 633 QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT, 634 QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_OTHER, 635 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP, 636 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE, 637 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_MAIN_HEADER, 638 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L1, 639 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L2, 640 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_TABLE, 641 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_BLOCK, 642 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_SNAPSHOT_TABLE, 643 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L1, 644 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L2, 645 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_BITMAP_DIRECTORY, 646 QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE, 647 QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE, 648 QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_ENTRY_SIZE, 649 QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE, 650 QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_CLEAN_INTERVAL, 651 NULL 652 }; 653 654 static QemuOptsList qcow2_runtime_opts = { 655 .name = "qcow2", 656 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qcow2_runtime_opts.head), 657 .desc = { 658 { 659 .name = QCOW2_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS, 660 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 661 .help = "Postpone refcount updates", 662 }, 663 { 664 .name = QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_REQUEST, 665 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 666 .help = "Pass guest discard requests to the layer below", 667 }, 668 { 669 .name = QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT, 670 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 671 .help = "Generate discard requests when snapshot related space " 672 "is freed", 673 }, 674 { 675 .name = QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_OTHER, 676 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 677 .help = "Generate discard requests when other clusters are freed", 678 }, 679 { 680 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP, 681 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, 682 .help = "Selects which overlap checks to perform from a range of " 683 "templates (none, constant, cached, all)", 684 }, 685 { 686 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE, 687 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, 688 .help = "Selects which overlap checks to perform from a range of " 689 "templates (none, constant, cached, all)", 690 }, 691 { 692 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_MAIN_HEADER, 693 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 694 .help = "Check for unintended writes into the main qcow2 header", 695 }, 696 { 697 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L1, 698 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 699 .help = "Check for unintended writes into the active L1 table", 700 }, 701 { 702 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L2, 703 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 704 .help = "Check for unintended writes into an active L2 table", 705 }, 706 { 707 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_TABLE, 708 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 709 .help = "Check for unintended writes into the refcount table", 710 }, 711 { 712 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_BLOCK, 713 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 714 .help = "Check for unintended writes into a refcount block", 715 }, 716 { 717 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_SNAPSHOT_TABLE, 718 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 719 .help = "Check for unintended writes into the snapshot table", 720 }, 721 { 722 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L1, 723 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 724 .help = "Check for unintended writes into an inactive L1 table", 725 }, 726 { 727 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L2, 728 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 729 .help = "Check for unintended writes into an inactive L2 table", 730 }, 731 { 732 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_BITMAP_DIRECTORY, 733 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 734 .help = "Check for unintended writes into the bitmap directory", 735 }, 736 { 737 .name = QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE, 738 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE, 739 .help = "Maximum combined metadata (L2 tables and refcount blocks) " 740 "cache size", 741 }, 742 { 743 .name = QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE, 744 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE, 745 .help = "Maximum L2 table cache size", 746 }, 747 { 748 .name = QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_ENTRY_SIZE, 749 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE, 750 .help = "Size of each entry in the L2 cache", 751 }, 752 { 753 .name = QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE, 754 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE, 755 .help = "Maximum refcount block cache size", 756 }, 757 { 758 .name = QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_CLEAN_INTERVAL, 759 .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, 760 .help = "Clean unused cache entries after this time (in seconds)", 761 }, 762 BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_KEY_SECRET("encrypt.", 763 "ID of secret providing qcow2 AES key or LUKS passphrase"), 764 { /* end of list */ } 765 }, 766 }; 767 768 static const char *overlap_bool_option_names[QCOW2_OL_MAX_BITNR] = { 769 [QCOW2_OL_MAIN_HEADER_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_MAIN_HEADER, 770 [QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L1_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L1, 771 [QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L2_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L2, 772 [QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_TABLE_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_TABLE, 773 [QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_BLOCK_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_BLOCK, 774 [QCOW2_OL_SNAPSHOT_TABLE_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_SNAPSHOT_TABLE, 775 [QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L1_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L1, 776 [QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L2_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L2, 777 [QCOW2_OL_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_BITMAP_DIRECTORY, 778 }; 779 780 static void cache_clean_timer_cb(void *opaque) 781 { 782 BlockDriverState *bs = opaque; 783 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 784 qcow2_cache_clean_unused(s->l2_table_cache); 785 qcow2_cache_clean_unused(s->refcount_block_cache); 786 timer_mod(s->cache_clean_timer, qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL) + 787 (int64_t) s->cache_clean_interval * 1000); 788 } 789 790 static void cache_clean_timer_init(BlockDriverState *bs, AioContext *context) 791 { 792 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 793 if (s->cache_clean_interval > 0) { 794 s->cache_clean_timer = aio_timer_new(context, QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL, 795 SCALE_MS, cache_clean_timer_cb, 796 bs); 797 timer_mod(s->cache_clean_timer, qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL) + 798 (int64_t) s->cache_clean_interval * 1000); 799 } 800 } 801 802 static void cache_clean_timer_del(BlockDriverState *bs) 803 { 804 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 805 if (s->cache_clean_timer) { 806 timer_del(s->cache_clean_timer); 807 timer_free(s->cache_clean_timer); 808 s->cache_clean_timer = NULL; 809 } 810 } 811 812 static void qcow2_detach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs) 813 { 814 cache_clean_timer_del(bs); 815 } 816 817 static void qcow2_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs, 818 AioContext *new_context) 819 { 820 cache_clean_timer_init(bs, new_context); 821 } 822 823 static void read_cache_sizes(BlockDriverState *bs, QemuOpts *opts, 824 uint64_t *l2_cache_size, 825 uint64_t *l2_cache_entry_size, 826 uint64_t *refcount_cache_size, Error **errp) 827 { 828 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 829 uint64_t combined_cache_size, l2_cache_max_setting; 830 bool l2_cache_size_set, refcount_cache_size_set, combined_cache_size_set; 831 bool l2_cache_entry_size_set; 832 int min_refcount_cache = MIN_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE * s->cluster_size; 833 uint64_t virtual_disk_size = bs->total_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE; 834 uint64_t max_l2_cache = virtual_disk_size / (s->cluster_size / 8); 835 836 combined_cache_size_set = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE); 837 l2_cache_size_set = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE); 838 refcount_cache_size_set = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE); 839 l2_cache_entry_size_set = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_ENTRY_SIZE); 840 841 combined_cache_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE, 0); 842 l2_cache_max_setting = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE, 843 DEFAULT_L2_CACHE_MAX_SIZE); 844 *refcount_cache_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, 845 QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE, 0); 846 847 *l2_cache_entry_size = qemu_opt_get_size( 848 opts, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_ENTRY_SIZE, s->cluster_size); 849 850 *l2_cache_size = MIN(max_l2_cache, l2_cache_max_setting); 851 852 if (combined_cache_size_set) { 853 if (l2_cache_size_set && refcount_cache_size_set) { 854 error_setg(errp, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE ", " QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE 855 " and " QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE " may not be set " 856 "at the same time"); 857 return; 858 } else if (l2_cache_size_set && 859 (l2_cache_max_setting > combined_cache_size)) { 860 error_setg(errp, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE " may not exceed " 861 QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE); 862 return; 863 } else if (*refcount_cache_size > combined_cache_size) { 864 error_setg(errp, QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE " may not exceed " 865 QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE); 866 return; 867 } 868 869 if (l2_cache_size_set) { 870 *refcount_cache_size = combined_cache_size - *l2_cache_size; 871 } else if (refcount_cache_size_set) { 872 *l2_cache_size = combined_cache_size - *refcount_cache_size; 873 } else { 874 /* Assign as much memory as possible to the L2 cache, and 875 * use the remainder for the refcount cache */ 876 if (combined_cache_size >= max_l2_cache + min_refcount_cache) { 877 *l2_cache_size = max_l2_cache; 878 *refcount_cache_size = combined_cache_size - *l2_cache_size; 879 } else { 880 *refcount_cache_size = 881 MIN(combined_cache_size, min_refcount_cache); 882 *l2_cache_size = combined_cache_size - *refcount_cache_size; 883 } 884 } 885 } 886 887 /* 888 * If the L2 cache is not enough to cover the whole disk then 889 * default to 4KB entries. Smaller entries reduce the cost of 890 * loads and evictions and increase I/O performance. 891 */ 892 if (*l2_cache_size < max_l2_cache && !l2_cache_entry_size_set) { 893 *l2_cache_entry_size = MIN(s->cluster_size, 4096); 894 } 895 896 /* l2_cache_size and refcount_cache_size are ensured to have at least 897 * their minimum values in qcow2_update_options_prepare() */ 898 899 if (*l2_cache_entry_size < (1 << MIN_CLUSTER_BITS) || 900 *l2_cache_entry_size > s->cluster_size || 901 !is_power_of_2(*l2_cache_entry_size)) { 902 error_setg(errp, "L2 cache entry size must be a power of two " 903 "between %d and the cluster size (%d)", 904 1 << MIN_CLUSTER_BITS, s->cluster_size); 905 return; 906 } 907 } 908 909 typedef struct Qcow2ReopenState { 910 Qcow2Cache *l2_table_cache; 911 Qcow2Cache *refcount_block_cache; 912 int l2_slice_size; /* Number of entries in a slice of the L2 table */ 913 bool use_lazy_refcounts; 914 int overlap_check; 915 bool discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_MAX]; 916 uint64_t cache_clean_interval; 917 QCryptoBlockOpenOptions *crypto_opts; /* Disk encryption runtime options */ 918 } Qcow2ReopenState; 919 920 static int qcow2_update_options_prepare(BlockDriverState *bs, 921 Qcow2ReopenState *r, 922 QDict *options, int flags, 923 Error **errp) 924 { 925 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 926 QemuOpts *opts = NULL; 927 const char *opt_overlap_check, *opt_overlap_check_template; 928 int overlap_check_template = 0; 929 uint64_t l2_cache_size, l2_cache_entry_size, refcount_cache_size; 930 int i; 931 const char *encryptfmt; 932 QDict *encryptopts = NULL; 933 Error *local_err = NULL; 934 int ret; 935 936 qdict_extract_subqdict(options, &encryptopts, "encrypt."); 937 encryptfmt = qdict_get_try_str(encryptopts, "format"); 938 939 opts = qemu_opts_create(&qcow2_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort); 940 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err); 941 if (local_err) { 942 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 943 ret = -EINVAL; 944 goto fail; 945 } 946 947 /* get L2 table/refcount block cache size from command line options */ 948 read_cache_sizes(bs, opts, &l2_cache_size, &l2_cache_entry_size, 949 &refcount_cache_size, &local_err); 950 if (local_err) { 951 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 952 ret = -EINVAL; 953 goto fail; 954 } 955 956 l2_cache_size /= l2_cache_entry_size; 957 if (l2_cache_size < MIN_L2_CACHE_SIZE) { 958 l2_cache_size = MIN_L2_CACHE_SIZE; 959 } 960 if (l2_cache_size > INT_MAX) { 961 error_setg(errp, "L2 cache size too big"); 962 ret = -EINVAL; 963 goto fail; 964 } 965 966 refcount_cache_size /= s->cluster_size; 967 if (refcount_cache_size < MIN_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE) { 968 refcount_cache_size = MIN_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE; 969 } 970 if (refcount_cache_size > INT_MAX) { 971 error_setg(errp, "Refcount cache size too big"); 972 ret = -EINVAL; 973 goto fail; 974 } 975 976 /* alloc new L2 table/refcount block cache, flush old one */ 977 if (s->l2_table_cache) { 978 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->l2_table_cache); 979 if (ret) { 980 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to flush the L2 table cache"); 981 goto fail; 982 } 983 } 984 985 if (s->refcount_block_cache) { 986 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->refcount_block_cache); 987 if (ret) { 988 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, 989 "Failed to flush the refcount block cache"); 990 goto fail; 991 } 992 } 993 994 r->l2_slice_size = l2_cache_entry_size / sizeof(uint64_t); 995 r->l2_table_cache = qcow2_cache_create(bs, l2_cache_size, 996 l2_cache_entry_size); 997 r->refcount_block_cache = qcow2_cache_create(bs, refcount_cache_size, 998 s->cluster_size); 999 if (r->l2_table_cache == NULL || r->refcount_block_cache == NULL) { 1000 error_setg(errp, "Could not allocate metadata caches"); 1001 ret = -ENOMEM; 1002 goto fail; 1003 } 1004 1005 /* New interval for cache cleanup timer */ 1006 r->cache_clean_interval = 1007 qemu_opt_get_number(opts, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_CLEAN_INTERVAL, 1008 DEFAULT_CACHE_CLEAN_INTERVAL); 1009 #ifndef CONFIG_LINUX 1010 if (r->cache_clean_interval != 0) { 1011 error_setg(errp, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_CLEAN_INTERVAL 1012 " not supported on this host"); 1013 ret = -EINVAL; 1014 goto fail; 1015 } 1016 #endif 1017 if (r->cache_clean_interval > UINT_MAX) { 1018 error_setg(errp, "Cache clean interval too big"); 1019 ret = -EINVAL; 1020 goto fail; 1021 } 1022 1023 /* lazy-refcounts; flush if going from enabled to disabled */ 1024 r->use_lazy_refcounts = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, QCOW2_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS, 1025 (s->compatible_features & QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS)); 1026 if (r->use_lazy_refcounts && s->qcow_version < 3) { 1027 error_setg(errp, "Lazy refcounts require a qcow2 image with at least " 1028 "qemu 1.1 compatibility level"); 1029 ret = -EINVAL; 1030 goto fail; 1031 } 1032 1033 if (s->use_lazy_refcounts && !r->use_lazy_refcounts) { 1034 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(bs); 1035 if (ret < 0) { 1036 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to disable lazy refcounts"); 1037 goto fail; 1038 } 1039 } 1040 1041 /* Overlap check options */ 1042 opt_overlap_check = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP); 1043 opt_overlap_check_template = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE); 1044 if (opt_overlap_check_template && opt_overlap_check && 1045 strcmp(opt_overlap_check_template, opt_overlap_check)) 1046 { 1047 error_setg(errp, "Conflicting values for qcow2 options '" 1048 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP "' ('%s') and '" QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE 1049 "' ('%s')", opt_overlap_check, opt_overlap_check_template); 1050 ret = -EINVAL; 1051 goto fail; 1052 } 1053 if (!opt_overlap_check) { 1054 opt_overlap_check = opt_overlap_check_template ?: "cached"; 1055 } 1056 1057 if (!strcmp(opt_overlap_check, "none")) { 1058 overlap_check_template = 0; 1059 } else if (!strcmp(opt_overlap_check, "constant")) { 1060 overlap_check_template = QCOW2_OL_CONSTANT; 1061 } else if (!strcmp(opt_overlap_check, "cached")) { 1062 overlap_check_template = QCOW2_OL_CACHED; 1063 } else if (!strcmp(opt_overlap_check, "all")) { 1064 overlap_check_template = QCOW2_OL_ALL; 1065 } else { 1066 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported value '%s' for qcow2 option " 1067 "'overlap-check'. Allowed are any of the following: " 1068 "none, constant, cached, all", opt_overlap_check); 1069 ret = -EINVAL; 1070 goto fail; 1071 } 1072 1073 r->overlap_check = 0; 1074 for (i = 0; i < QCOW2_OL_MAX_BITNR; i++) { 1075 /* overlap-check defines a template bitmask, but every flag may be 1076 * overwritten through the associated boolean option */ 1077 r->overlap_check |= 1078 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, overlap_bool_option_names[i], 1079 overlap_check_template & (1 << i)) << i; 1080 } 1081 1082 r->discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_NEVER] = false; 1083 r->discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_ALWAYS] = true; 1084 r->discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_REQUEST] = 1085 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_REQUEST, 1086 flags & BDRV_O_UNMAP); 1087 r->discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT] = 1088 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT, true); 1089 r->discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER] = 1090 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_OTHER, false); 1091 1092 switch (s->crypt_method_header) { 1093 case QCOW_CRYPT_NONE: 1094 if (encryptfmt) { 1095 error_setg(errp, "No encryption in image header, but options " 1096 "specified format '%s'", encryptfmt); 1097 ret = -EINVAL; 1098 goto fail; 1099 } 1100 break; 1101 1102 case QCOW_CRYPT_AES: 1103 if (encryptfmt && !g_str_equal(encryptfmt, "aes")) { 1104 error_setg(errp, 1105 "Header reported 'aes' encryption format but " 1106 "options specify '%s'", encryptfmt); 1107 ret = -EINVAL; 1108 goto fail; 1109 } 1110 qdict_put_str(encryptopts, "format", "qcow"); 1111 r->crypto_opts = block_crypto_open_opts_init(encryptopts, errp); 1112 break; 1113 1114 case QCOW_CRYPT_LUKS: 1115 if (encryptfmt && !g_str_equal(encryptfmt, "luks")) { 1116 error_setg(errp, 1117 "Header reported 'luks' encryption format but " 1118 "options specify '%s'", encryptfmt); 1119 ret = -EINVAL; 1120 goto fail; 1121 } 1122 qdict_put_str(encryptopts, "format", "luks"); 1123 r->crypto_opts = block_crypto_open_opts_init(encryptopts, errp); 1124 break; 1125 1126 default: 1127 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported encryption method %d", 1128 s->crypt_method_header); 1129 break; 1130 } 1131 if (s->crypt_method_header != QCOW_CRYPT_NONE && !r->crypto_opts) { 1132 ret = -EINVAL; 1133 goto fail; 1134 } 1135 1136 ret = 0; 1137 fail: 1138 qobject_unref(encryptopts); 1139 qemu_opts_del(opts); 1140 opts = NULL; 1141 return ret; 1142 } 1143 1144 static void qcow2_update_options_commit(BlockDriverState *bs, 1145 Qcow2ReopenState *r) 1146 { 1147 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 1148 int i; 1149 1150 if (s->l2_table_cache) { 1151 qcow2_cache_destroy(s->l2_table_cache); 1152 } 1153 if (s->refcount_block_cache) { 1154 qcow2_cache_destroy(s->refcount_block_cache); 1155 } 1156 s->l2_table_cache = r->l2_table_cache; 1157 s->refcount_block_cache = r->refcount_block_cache; 1158 s->l2_slice_size = r->l2_slice_size; 1159 1160 s->overlap_check = r->overlap_check; 1161 s->use_lazy_refcounts = r->use_lazy_refcounts; 1162 1163 for (i = 0; i < QCOW2_DISCARD_MAX; i++) { 1164 s->discard_passthrough[i] = r->discard_passthrough[i]; 1165 } 1166 1167 if (s->cache_clean_interval != r->cache_clean_interval) { 1168 cache_clean_timer_del(bs); 1169 s->cache_clean_interval = r->cache_clean_interval; 1170 cache_clean_timer_init(bs, bdrv_get_aio_context(bs)); 1171 } 1172 1173 qapi_free_QCryptoBlockOpenOptions(s->crypto_opts); 1174 s->crypto_opts = r->crypto_opts; 1175 } 1176 1177 static void qcow2_update_options_abort(BlockDriverState *bs, 1178 Qcow2ReopenState *r) 1179 { 1180 if (r->l2_table_cache) { 1181 qcow2_cache_destroy(r->l2_table_cache); 1182 } 1183 if (r->refcount_block_cache) { 1184 qcow2_cache_destroy(r->refcount_block_cache); 1185 } 1186 qapi_free_QCryptoBlockOpenOptions(r->crypto_opts); 1187 } 1188 1189 static int qcow2_update_options(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, 1190 int flags, Error **errp) 1191 { 1192 Qcow2ReopenState r = {}; 1193 int ret; 1194 1195 ret = qcow2_update_options_prepare(bs, &r, options, flags, errp); 1196 if (ret >= 0) { 1197 qcow2_update_options_commit(bs, &r); 1198 } else { 1199 qcow2_update_options_abort(bs, &r); 1200 } 1201 1202 return ret; 1203 } 1204 1205 /* Called with s->lock held. */ 1206 static int coroutine_fn qcow2_do_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, 1207 int flags, Error **errp) 1208 { 1209 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 1210 unsigned int len, i; 1211 int ret = 0; 1212 QCowHeader header; 1213 Error *local_err = NULL; 1214 uint64_t ext_end; 1215 uint64_t l1_vm_state_index; 1216 bool update_header = false; 1217 1218 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, 0, &header, sizeof(header)); 1219 if (ret < 0) { 1220 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read qcow2 header"); 1221 goto fail; 1222 } 1223 header.magic = be32_to_cpu(header.magic); 1224 header.version = be32_to_cpu(header.version); 1225 header.backing_file_offset = be64_to_cpu(header.backing_file_offset); 1226 header.backing_file_size = be32_to_cpu(header.backing_file_size); 1227 header.size = be64_to_cpu(header.size); 1228 header.cluster_bits = be32_to_cpu(header.cluster_bits); 1229 header.crypt_method = be32_to_cpu(header.crypt_method); 1230 header.l1_table_offset = be64_to_cpu(header.l1_table_offset); 1231 header.l1_size = be32_to_cpu(header.l1_size); 1232 header.refcount_table_offset = be64_to_cpu(header.refcount_table_offset); 1233 header.refcount_table_clusters = 1234 be32_to_cpu(header.refcount_table_clusters); 1235 header.snapshots_offset = be64_to_cpu(header.snapshots_offset); 1236 header.nb_snapshots = be32_to_cpu(header.nb_snapshots); 1237 1238 if (header.magic != QCOW_MAGIC) { 1239 error_setg(errp, "Image is not in qcow2 format"); 1240 ret = -EINVAL; 1241 goto fail; 1242 } 1243 if (header.version < 2 || header.version > 3) { 1244 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported qcow2 version %" PRIu32, header.version); 1245 ret = -ENOTSUP; 1246 goto fail; 1247 } 1248 1249 s->qcow_version = header.version; 1250 1251 /* Initialise cluster size */ 1252 if (header.cluster_bits < MIN_CLUSTER_BITS || 1253 header.cluster_bits > MAX_CLUSTER_BITS) { 1254 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported cluster size: 2^%" PRIu32, 1255 header.cluster_bits); 1256 ret = -EINVAL; 1257 goto fail; 1258 } 1259 1260 s->cluster_bits = header.cluster_bits; 1261 s->cluster_size = 1 << s->cluster_bits; 1262 s->cluster_sectors = 1 << (s->cluster_bits - BDRV_SECTOR_BITS); 1263 1264 /* Initialise version 3 header fields */ 1265 if (header.version == 2) { 1266 header.incompatible_features = 0; 1267 header.compatible_features = 0; 1268 header.autoclear_features = 0; 1269 header.refcount_order = 4; 1270 header.header_length = 72; 1271 } else { 1272 header.incompatible_features = 1273 be64_to_cpu(header.incompatible_features); 1274 header.compatible_features = be64_to_cpu(header.compatible_features); 1275 header.autoclear_features = be64_to_cpu(header.autoclear_features); 1276 header.refcount_order = be32_to_cpu(header.refcount_order); 1277 header.header_length = be32_to_cpu(header.header_length); 1278 1279 if (header.header_length < 104) { 1280 error_setg(errp, "qcow2 header too short"); 1281 ret = -EINVAL; 1282 goto fail; 1283 } 1284 } 1285 1286 if (header.header_length > s->cluster_size) { 1287 error_setg(errp, "qcow2 header exceeds cluster size"); 1288 ret = -EINVAL; 1289 goto fail; 1290 } 1291 1292 if (header.header_length > sizeof(header)) { 1293 s->unknown_header_fields_size = header.header_length - sizeof(header); 1294 s->unknown_header_fields = g_malloc(s->unknown_header_fields_size); 1295 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, sizeof(header), s->unknown_header_fields, 1296 s->unknown_header_fields_size); 1297 if (ret < 0) { 1298 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read unknown qcow2 header " 1299 "fields"); 1300 goto fail; 1301 } 1302 } 1303 1304 if (header.backing_file_offset > s->cluster_size) { 1305 error_setg(errp, "Invalid backing file offset"); 1306 ret = -EINVAL; 1307 goto fail; 1308 } 1309 1310 if (header.backing_file_offset) { 1311 ext_end = header.backing_file_offset; 1312 } else { 1313 ext_end = 1 << header.cluster_bits; 1314 } 1315 1316 /* Handle feature bits */ 1317 s->incompatible_features = header.incompatible_features; 1318 s->compatible_features = header.compatible_features; 1319 s->autoclear_features = header.autoclear_features; 1320 1321 if (s->incompatible_features & ~QCOW2_INCOMPAT_MASK) { 1322 void *feature_table = NULL; 1323 qcow2_read_extensions(bs, header.header_length, ext_end, 1324 &feature_table, flags, NULL, NULL); 1325 report_unsupported_feature(errp, feature_table, 1326 s->incompatible_features & 1327 ~QCOW2_INCOMPAT_MASK); 1328 ret = -ENOTSUP; 1329 g_free(feature_table); 1330 goto fail; 1331 } 1332 1333 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT) { 1334 /* Corrupt images may not be written to unless they are being repaired 1335 */ 1336 if ((flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) && !(flags & BDRV_O_CHECK)) { 1337 error_setg(errp, "qcow2: Image is corrupt; cannot be opened " 1338 "read/write"); 1339 ret = -EACCES; 1340 goto fail; 1341 } 1342 } 1343 1344 /* Check support for various header values */ 1345 if (header.refcount_order > 6) { 1346 error_setg(errp, "Reference count entry width too large; may not " 1347 "exceed 64 bits"); 1348 ret = -EINVAL; 1349 goto fail; 1350 } 1351 s->refcount_order = header.refcount_order; 1352 s->refcount_bits = 1 << s->refcount_order; 1353 s->refcount_max = UINT64_C(1) << (s->refcount_bits - 1); 1354 s->refcount_max += s->refcount_max - 1; 1355 1356 s->crypt_method_header = header.crypt_method; 1357 if (s->crypt_method_header) { 1358 if (bdrv_uses_whitelist() && 1359 s->crypt_method_header == QCOW_CRYPT_AES) { 1360 error_setg(errp, 1361 "Use of AES-CBC encrypted qcow2 images is no longer " 1362 "supported in system emulators"); 1363 error_append_hint(errp, 1364 "You can use 'qemu-img convert' to convert your " 1365 "image to an alternative supported format, such " 1366 "as unencrypted qcow2, or raw with the LUKS " 1367 "format instead.\n"); 1368 ret = -ENOSYS; 1369 goto fail; 1370 } 1371 1372 if (s->crypt_method_header == QCOW_CRYPT_AES) { 1373 s->crypt_physical_offset = false; 1374 } else { 1375 /* Assuming LUKS and any future crypt methods we 1376 * add will all use physical offsets, due to the 1377 * fact that the alternative is insecure... */ 1378 s->crypt_physical_offset = true; 1379 } 1380 1381 bs->encrypted = true; 1382 } 1383 1384 s->l2_bits = s->cluster_bits - 3; /* L2 is always one cluster */ 1385 s->l2_size = 1 << s->l2_bits; 1386 /* 2^(s->refcount_order - 3) is the refcount width in bytes */ 1387 s->refcount_block_bits = s->cluster_bits - (s->refcount_order - 3); 1388 s->refcount_block_size = 1 << s->refcount_block_bits; 1389 bs->total_sectors = header.size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE; 1390 s->csize_shift = (62 - (s->cluster_bits - 8)); 1391 s->csize_mask = (1 << (s->cluster_bits - 8)) - 1; 1392 s->cluster_offset_mask = (1LL << s->csize_shift) - 1; 1393 1394 s->refcount_table_offset = header.refcount_table_offset; 1395 s->refcount_table_size = 1396 header.refcount_table_clusters << (s->cluster_bits - 3); 1397 1398 if (header.refcount_table_clusters == 0 && !(flags & BDRV_O_CHECK)) { 1399 error_setg(errp, "Image does not contain a reference count table"); 1400 ret = -EINVAL; 1401 goto fail; 1402 } 1403 1404 ret = qcow2_validate_table(bs, s->refcount_table_offset, 1405 header.refcount_table_clusters, 1406 s->cluster_size, QCOW_MAX_REFTABLE_SIZE, 1407 "Reference count table", errp); 1408 if (ret < 0) { 1409 goto fail; 1410 } 1411 1412 /* The total size in bytes of the snapshot table is checked in 1413 * qcow2_read_snapshots() because the size of each snapshot is 1414 * variable and we don't know it yet. 1415 * Here we only check the offset and number of snapshots. */ 1416 ret = qcow2_validate_table(bs, header.snapshots_offset, 1417 header.nb_snapshots, 1418 sizeof(QCowSnapshotHeader), 1419 sizeof(QCowSnapshotHeader) * QCOW_MAX_SNAPSHOTS, 1420 "Snapshot table", errp); 1421 if (ret < 0) { 1422 goto fail; 1423 } 1424 1425 /* read the level 1 table */ 1426 ret = qcow2_validate_table(bs, header.l1_table_offset, 1427 header.l1_size, sizeof(uint64_t), 1428 QCOW_MAX_L1_SIZE, "Active L1 table", errp); 1429 if (ret < 0) { 1430 goto fail; 1431 } 1432 s->l1_size = header.l1_size; 1433 s->l1_table_offset = header.l1_table_offset; 1434 1435 l1_vm_state_index = size_to_l1(s, header.size); 1436 if (l1_vm_state_index > INT_MAX) { 1437 error_setg(errp, "Image is too big"); 1438 ret = -EFBIG; 1439 goto fail; 1440 } 1441 s->l1_vm_state_index = l1_vm_state_index; 1442 1443 /* the L1 table must contain at least enough entries to put 1444 header.size bytes */ 1445 if (s->l1_size < s->l1_vm_state_index) { 1446 error_setg(errp, "L1 table is too small"); 1447 ret = -EINVAL; 1448 goto fail; 1449 } 1450 1451 if (s->l1_size > 0) { 1452 s->l1_table = qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs, 1453 ROUND_UP(s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t), 512)); 1454 if (s->l1_table == NULL) { 1455 error_setg(errp, "Could not allocate L1 table"); 1456 ret = -ENOMEM; 1457 goto fail; 1458 } 1459 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->l1_table_offset, s->l1_table, 1460 s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t)); 1461 if (ret < 0) { 1462 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read L1 table"); 1463 goto fail; 1464 } 1465 for(i = 0;i < s->l1_size; i++) { 1466 s->l1_table[i] = be64_to_cpu(s->l1_table[i]); 1467 } 1468 } 1469 1470 /* Parse driver-specific options */ 1471 ret = qcow2_update_options(bs, options, flags, errp); 1472 if (ret < 0) { 1473 goto fail; 1474 } 1475 1476 s->flags = flags; 1477 1478 ret = qcow2_refcount_init(bs); 1479 if (ret != 0) { 1480 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not initialize refcount handling"); 1481 goto fail; 1482 } 1483 1484 QLIST_INIT(&s->cluster_allocs); 1485 QTAILQ_INIT(&s->discards); 1486 1487 /* read qcow2 extensions */ 1488 if (qcow2_read_extensions(bs, header.header_length, ext_end, NULL, 1489 flags, &update_header, &local_err)) { 1490 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 1491 ret = -EINVAL; 1492 goto fail; 1493 } 1494 1495 /* Open external data file */ 1496 s->data_file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "data-file", bs, &child_file, 1497 true, &local_err); 1498 if (local_err) { 1499 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 1500 ret = -EINVAL; 1501 goto fail; 1502 } 1503 1504 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DATA_FILE) { 1505 if (!s->data_file && s->image_data_file) { 1506 s->data_file = bdrv_open_child(s->image_data_file, options, 1507 "data-file", bs, &child_file, 1508 false, errp); 1509 if (!s->data_file) { 1510 ret = -EINVAL; 1511 goto fail; 1512 } 1513 } 1514 if (!s->data_file) { 1515 error_setg(errp, "'data-file' is required for this image"); 1516 ret = -EINVAL; 1517 goto fail; 1518 } 1519 } else { 1520 if (s->data_file) { 1521 error_setg(errp, "'data-file' can only be set for images with an " 1522 "external data file"); 1523 ret = -EINVAL; 1524 goto fail; 1525 } 1526 1527 s->data_file = bs->file; 1528 1529 if (data_file_is_raw(bs)) { 1530 error_setg(errp, "data-file-raw requires a data file"); 1531 ret = -EINVAL; 1532 goto fail; 1533 } 1534 } 1535 1536 /* qcow2_read_extension may have set up the crypto context 1537 * if the crypt method needs a header region, some methods 1538 * don't need header extensions, so must check here 1539 */ 1540 if (s->crypt_method_header && !s->crypto) { 1541 if (s->crypt_method_header == QCOW_CRYPT_AES) { 1542 unsigned int cflags = 0; 1543 if (flags & BDRV_O_NO_IO) { 1544 cflags |= QCRYPTO_BLOCK_OPEN_NO_IO; 1545 } 1546 s->crypto = qcrypto_block_open(s->crypto_opts, "encrypt.", 1547 NULL, NULL, cflags, 1, errp); 1548 if (!s->crypto) { 1549 ret = -EINVAL; 1550 goto fail; 1551 } 1552 } else if (!(flags & BDRV_O_NO_IO)) { 1553 error_setg(errp, "Missing CRYPTO header for crypt method %d", 1554 s->crypt_method_header); 1555 ret = -EINVAL; 1556 goto fail; 1557 } 1558 } 1559 1560 /* read the backing file name */ 1561 if (header.backing_file_offset != 0) { 1562 len = header.backing_file_size; 1563 if (len > MIN(1023, s->cluster_size - header.backing_file_offset) || 1564 len >= sizeof(bs->backing_file)) { 1565 error_setg(errp, "Backing file name too long"); 1566 ret = -EINVAL; 1567 goto fail; 1568 } 1569 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, header.backing_file_offset, 1570 bs->auto_backing_file, len); 1571 if (ret < 0) { 1572 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read backing file name"); 1573 goto fail; 1574 } 1575 bs->auto_backing_file[len] = '\0'; 1576 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, sizeof(bs->backing_file), 1577 bs->auto_backing_file); 1578 s->image_backing_file = g_strdup(bs->auto_backing_file); 1579 } 1580 1581 /* Internal snapshots */ 1582 s->snapshots_offset = header.snapshots_offset; 1583 s->nb_snapshots = header.nb_snapshots; 1584 1585 ret = qcow2_read_snapshots(bs); 1586 if (ret < 0) { 1587 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read snapshots"); 1588 goto fail; 1589 } 1590 1591 /* Clear unknown autoclear feature bits */ 1592 update_header |= s->autoclear_features & ~QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_MASK; 1593 update_header = 1594 update_header && !bs->read_only && !(flags & BDRV_O_INACTIVE); 1595 if (update_header) { 1596 s->autoclear_features &= QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_MASK; 1597 } 1598 1599 /* == Handle persistent dirty bitmaps == 1600 * 1601 * We want load dirty bitmaps in three cases: 1602 * 1603 * 1. Normal open of the disk in active mode, not related to invalidation 1604 * after migration. 1605 * 1606 * 2. Invalidation of the target vm after pre-copy phase of migration, if 1607 * bitmaps are _not_ migrating through migration channel, i.e. 1608 * 'dirty-bitmaps' capability is disabled. 1609 * 1610 * 3. Invalidation of source vm after failed or canceled migration. 1611 * This is a very interesting case. There are two possible types of 1612 * bitmaps: 1613 * 1614 * A. Stored on inactivation and removed. They should be loaded from the 1615 * image. 1616 * 1617 * B. Not stored: not-persistent bitmaps and bitmaps, migrated through 1618 * the migration channel (with dirty-bitmaps capability). 1619 * 1620 * On the other hand, there are two possible sub-cases: 1621 * 1622 * 3.1 disk was changed by somebody else while were inactive. In this 1623 * case all in-RAM dirty bitmaps (both persistent and not) are 1624 * definitely invalid. And we don't have any method to determine 1625 * this. 1626 * 1627 * Simple and safe thing is to just drop all the bitmaps of type B on 1628 * inactivation. But in this case we lose bitmaps in valid 4.2 case. 1629 * 1630 * On the other hand, resuming source vm, if disk was already changed 1631 * is a bad thing anyway: not only bitmaps, the whole vm state is 1632 * out of sync with disk. 1633 * 1634 * This means, that user or management tool, who for some reason 1635 * decided to resume source vm, after disk was already changed by 1636 * target vm, should at least drop all dirty bitmaps by hand. 1637 * 1638 * So, we can ignore this case for now, but TODO: "generation" 1639 * extension for qcow2, to determine, that image was changed after 1640 * last inactivation. And if it is changed, we will drop (or at least 1641 * mark as 'invalid' all the bitmaps of type B, both persistent 1642 * and not). 1643 * 1644 * 3.2 disk was _not_ changed while were inactive. Bitmaps may be saved 1645 * to disk ('dirty-bitmaps' capability disabled), or not saved 1646 * ('dirty-bitmaps' capability enabled), but we don't need to care 1647 * of: let's load bitmaps as always: stored bitmaps will be loaded, 1648 * and not stored has flag IN_USE=1 in the image and will be skipped 1649 * on loading. 1650 * 1651 * One remaining possible case when we don't want load bitmaps: 1652 * 1653 * 4. Open disk in inactive mode in target vm (bitmaps are migrating or 1654 * will be loaded on invalidation, no needs try loading them before) 1655 */ 1656 1657 if (!(bdrv_get_flags(bs) & BDRV_O_INACTIVE)) { 1658 /* It's case 1, 2 or 3.2. Or 3.1 which is BUG in management layer. */ 1659 bool header_updated = qcow2_load_dirty_bitmaps(bs, &local_err); 1660 1661 update_header = update_header && !header_updated; 1662 } 1663 if (local_err != NULL) { 1664 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 1665 ret = -EINVAL; 1666 goto fail; 1667 } 1668 1669 if (update_header) { 1670 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs); 1671 if (ret < 0) { 1672 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not update qcow2 header"); 1673 goto fail; 1674 } 1675 } 1676 1677 bs->supported_zero_flags = header.version >= 3 ? BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP : 0; 1678 1679 /* Repair image if dirty */ 1680 if (!(flags & (BDRV_O_CHECK | BDRV_O_INACTIVE)) && !bs->read_only && 1681 (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY)) { 1682 BdrvCheckResult result = {0}; 1683 1684 ret = qcow2_co_check_locked(bs, &result, 1685 BDRV_FIX_ERRORS | BDRV_FIX_LEAKS); 1686 if (ret < 0 || result.check_errors) { 1687 if (ret >= 0) { 1688 ret = -EIO; 1689 } 1690 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not repair dirty image"); 1691 goto fail; 1692 } 1693 } 1694 1695 #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOC 1696 { 1697 BdrvCheckResult result = {0}; 1698 qcow2_check_refcounts(bs, &result, 0); 1699 } 1700 #endif 1701 1702 qemu_co_queue_init(&s->compress_wait_queue); 1703 1704 return ret; 1705 1706 fail: 1707 g_free(s->image_data_file); 1708 if (has_data_file(bs)) { 1709 bdrv_unref_child(bs, s->data_file); 1710 } 1711 g_free(s->unknown_header_fields); 1712 cleanup_unknown_header_ext(bs); 1713 qcow2_free_snapshots(bs); 1714 qcow2_refcount_close(bs); 1715 qemu_vfree(s->l1_table); 1716 /* else pre-write overlap checks in cache_destroy may crash */ 1717 s->l1_table = NULL; 1718 cache_clean_timer_del(bs); 1719 if (s->l2_table_cache) { 1720 qcow2_cache_destroy(s->l2_table_cache); 1721 } 1722 if (s->refcount_block_cache) { 1723 qcow2_cache_destroy(s->refcount_block_cache); 1724 } 1725 qcrypto_block_free(s->crypto); 1726 qapi_free_QCryptoBlockOpenOptions(s->crypto_opts); 1727 return ret; 1728 } 1729 1730 typedef struct QCow2OpenCo { 1731 BlockDriverState *bs; 1732 QDict *options; 1733 int flags; 1734 Error **errp; 1735 int ret; 1736 } QCow2OpenCo; 1737 1738 static void coroutine_fn qcow2_open_entry(void *opaque) 1739 { 1740 QCow2OpenCo *qoc = opaque; 1741 BDRVQcow2State *s = qoc->bs->opaque; 1742 1743 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 1744 qoc->ret = qcow2_do_open(qoc->bs, qoc->options, qoc->flags, qoc->errp); 1745 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 1746 } 1747 1748 static int qcow2_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags, 1749 Error **errp) 1750 { 1751 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 1752 QCow2OpenCo qoc = { 1753 .bs = bs, 1754 .options = options, 1755 .flags = flags, 1756 .errp = errp, 1757 .ret = -EINPROGRESS 1758 }; 1759 1760 bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 1761 false, errp); 1762 if (!bs->file) { 1763 return -EINVAL; 1764 } 1765 1766 /* Initialise locks */ 1767 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock); 1768 1769 if (qemu_in_coroutine()) { 1770 /* From bdrv_co_create. */ 1771 qcow2_open_entry(&qoc); 1772 } else { 1773 assert(qemu_get_current_aio_context() == qemu_get_aio_context()); 1774 qemu_coroutine_enter(qemu_coroutine_create(qcow2_open_entry, &qoc)); 1775 BDRV_POLL_WHILE(bs, qoc.ret == -EINPROGRESS); 1776 } 1777 return qoc.ret; 1778 } 1779 1780 static void qcow2_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp) 1781 { 1782 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 1783 1784 if (bs->encrypted) { 1785 /* Encryption works on a sector granularity */ 1786 bs->bl.request_alignment = qcrypto_block_get_sector_size(s->crypto); 1787 } 1788 bs->bl.pwrite_zeroes_alignment = s->cluster_size; 1789 bs->bl.pdiscard_alignment = s->cluster_size; 1790 } 1791 1792 static int qcow2_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state, 1793 BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp) 1794 { 1795 Qcow2ReopenState *r; 1796 int ret; 1797 1798 r = g_new0(Qcow2ReopenState, 1); 1799 state->opaque = r; 1800 1801 ret = qcow2_update_options_prepare(state->bs, r, state->options, 1802 state->flags, errp); 1803 if (ret < 0) { 1804 goto fail; 1805 } 1806 1807 /* We need to write out any unwritten data if we reopen read-only. */ 1808 if ((state->flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) == 0) { 1809 ret = qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_ro(state->bs, errp); 1810 if (ret < 0) { 1811 goto fail; 1812 } 1813 1814 ret = bdrv_flush(state->bs); 1815 if (ret < 0) { 1816 goto fail; 1817 } 1818 1819 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(state->bs); 1820 if (ret < 0) { 1821 goto fail; 1822 } 1823 } 1824 1825 return 0; 1826 1827 fail: 1828 qcow2_update_options_abort(state->bs, r); 1829 g_free(r); 1830 return ret; 1831 } 1832 1833 static void qcow2_reopen_commit(BDRVReopenState *state) 1834 { 1835 qcow2_update_options_commit(state->bs, state->opaque); 1836 g_free(state->opaque); 1837 } 1838 1839 static void qcow2_reopen_abort(BDRVReopenState *state) 1840 { 1841 qcow2_update_options_abort(state->bs, state->opaque); 1842 g_free(state->opaque); 1843 } 1844 1845 static void qcow2_join_options(QDict *options, QDict *old_options) 1846 { 1847 bool has_new_overlap_template = 1848 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP) || 1849 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE); 1850 bool has_new_total_cache_size = 1851 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE); 1852 bool has_all_cache_options; 1853 1854 /* New overlap template overrides all old overlap options */ 1855 if (has_new_overlap_template) { 1856 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP); 1857 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE); 1858 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_MAIN_HEADER); 1859 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L1); 1860 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L2); 1861 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_TABLE); 1862 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_BLOCK); 1863 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_SNAPSHOT_TABLE); 1864 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L1); 1865 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L2); 1866 } 1867 1868 /* New total cache size overrides all old options */ 1869 if (qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE)) { 1870 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE); 1871 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE); 1872 } 1873 1874 qdict_join(options, old_options, false); 1875 1876 /* 1877 * If after merging all cache size options are set, an old total size is 1878 * overwritten. Do keep all options, however, if all three are new. The 1879 * resulting error message is what we want to happen. 1880 */ 1881 has_all_cache_options = 1882 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE) || 1883 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE) || 1884 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE); 1885 1886 if (has_all_cache_options && !has_new_total_cache_size) { 1887 qdict_del(options, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE); 1888 } 1889 } 1890 1891 static int coroutine_fn qcow2_co_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, 1892 bool want_zero, 1893 int64_t offset, int64_t count, 1894 int64_t *pnum, int64_t *map, 1895 BlockDriverState **file) 1896 { 1897 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 1898 uint64_t cluster_offset; 1899 int index_in_cluster, ret; 1900 unsigned int bytes; 1901 int status = 0; 1902 1903 bytes = MIN(INT_MAX, count); 1904 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 1905 ret = qcow2_get_cluster_offset(bs, offset, &bytes, &cluster_offset); 1906 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 1907 if (ret < 0) { 1908 return ret; 1909 } 1910 1911 *pnum = bytes; 1912 1913 if ((ret == QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL || ret == QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_ALLOC) && 1914 !s->crypto) { 1915 index_in_cluster = offset & (s->cluster_size - 1); 1916 *map = cluster_offset | index_in_cluster; 1917 *file = s->data_file->bs; 1918 status |= BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID; 1919 } 1920 if (ret == QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_PLAIN || ret == QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_ALLOC) { 1921 status |= BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO; 1922 } else if (ret != QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED) { 1923 status |= BDRV_BLOCK_DATA; 1924 } 1925 return status; 1926 } 1927 1928 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_handle_l2meta(BlockDriverState *bs, 1929 QCowL2Meta **pl2meta, 1930 bool link_l2) 1931 { 1932 int ret = 0; 1933 QCowL2Meta *l2meta = *pl2meta; 1934 1935 while (l2meta != NULL) { 1936 QCowL2Meta *next; 1937 1938 if (link_l2) { 1939 ret = qcow2_alloc_cluster_link_l2(bs, l2meta); 1940 if (ret) { 1941 goto out; 1942 } 1943 } else { 1944 qcow2_alloc_cluster_abort(bs, l2meta); 1945 } 1946 1947 /* Take the request off the list of running requests */ 1948 if (l2meta->nb_clusters != 0) { 1949 QLIST_REMOVE(l2meta, next_in_flight); 1950 } 1951 1952 qemu_co_queue_restart_all(&l2meta->dependent_requests); 1953 1954 next = l2meta->next; 1955 g_free(l2meta); 1956 l2meta = next; 1957 } 1958 out: 1959 *pl2meta = l2meta; 1960 return ret; 1961 } 1962 1963 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, 1964 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov, 1965 int flags) 1966 { 1967 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 1968 int offset_in_cluster; 1969 int ret; 1970 unsigned int cur_bytes; /* number of bytes in current iteration */ 1971 uint64_t cluster_offset = 0; 1972 uint64_t bytes_done = 0; 1973 QEMUIOVector hd_qiov; 1974 uint8_t *cluster_data = NULL; 1975 1976 qemu_iovec_init(&hd_qiov, qiov->niov); 1977 1978 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 1979 1980 while (bytes != 0) { 1981 1982 /* prepare next request */ 1983 cur_bytes = MIN(bytes, INT_MAX); 1984 if (s->crypto) { 1985 cur_bytes = MIN(cur_bytes, 1986 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS * s->cluster_size); 1987 } 1988 1989 ret = qcow2_get_cluster_offset(bs, offset, &cur_bytes, &cluster_offset); 1990 if (ret < 0) { 1991 goto fail; 1992 } 1993 1994 offset_in_cluster = offset_into_cluster(s, offset); 1995 1996 qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov); 1997 qemu_iovec_concat(&hd_qiov, qiov, bytes_done, cur_bytes); 1998 1999 switch (ret) { 2000 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED: 2001 2002 if (bs->backing) { 2003 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_READ_BACKING_AIO); 2004 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 2005 ret = bdrv_co_preadv(bs->backing, offset, cur_bytes, 2006 &hd_qiov, 0); 2007 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 2008 if (ret < 0) { 2009 goto fail; 2010 } 2011 } else { 2012 /* Note: in this case, no need to wait */ 2013 qemu_iovec_memset(&hd_qiov, 0, 0, cur_bytes); 2014 } 2015 break; 2016 2017 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_PLAIN: 2018 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_ALLOC: 2019 qemu_iovec_memset(&hd_qiov, 0, 0, cur_bytes); 2020 break; 2021 2022 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_COMPRESSED: 2023 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 2024 ret = qcow2_co_preadv_compressed(bs, cluster_offset, 2025 offset, cur_bytes, 2026 &hd_qiov); 2027 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 2028 if (ret < 0) { 2029 goto fail; 2030 } 2031 2032 break; 2033 2034 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL: 2035 if ((cluster_offset & 511) != 0) { 2036 ret = -EIO; 2037 goto fail; 2038 } 2039 2040 if (bs->encrypted) { 2041 assert(s->crypto); 2042 2043 /* 2044 * For encrypted images, read everything into a temporary 2045 * contiguous buffer on which the AES functions can work. 2046 */ 2047 if (!cluster_data) { 2048 cluster_data = 2049 qemu_try_blockalign(s->data_file->bs, 2050 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS 2051 * s->cluster_size); 2052 if (cluster_data == NULL) { 2053 ret = -ENOMEM; 2054 goto fail; 2055 } 2056 } 2057 2058 assert(cur_bytes <= QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS * s->cluster_size); 2059 qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov); 2060 qemu_iovec_add(&hd_qiov, cluster_data, cur_bytes); 2061 } 2062 2063 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_READ_AIO); 2064 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 2065 ret = bdrv_co_preadv(s->data_file, 2066 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster, 2067 cur_bytes, &hd_qiov, 0); 2068 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 2069 if (ret < 0) { 2070 goto fail; 2071 } 2072 if (bs->encrypted) { 2073 assert(s->crypto); 2074 assert((offset & (BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) == 0); 2075 assert((cur_bytes & (BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) == 0); 2076 if (qcrypto_block_decrypt(s->crypto, 2077 (s->crypt_physical_offset ? 2078 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster : 2079 offset), 2080 cluster_data, 2081 cur_bytes, 2082 NULL) < 0) { 2083 ret = -EIO; 2084 goto fail; 2085 } 2086 qemu_iovec_from_buf(qiov, bytes_done, cluster_data, cur_bytes); 2087 } 2088 break; 2089 2090 default: 2091 g_assert_not_reached(); 2092 ret = -EIO; 2093 goto fail; 2094 } 2095 2096 bytes -= cur_bytes; 2097 offset += cur_bytes; 2098 bytes_done += cur_bytes; 2099 } 2100 ret = 0; 2101 2102 fail: 2103 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 2104 2105 qemu_iovec_destroy(&hd_qiov); 2106 qemu_vfree(cluster_data); 2107 2108 return ret; 2109 } 2110 2111 /* Check if it's possible to merge a write request with the writing of 2112 * the data from the COW regions */ 2113 static bool merge_cow(uint64_t offset, unsigned bytes, 2114 QEMUIOVector *hd_qiov, QCowL2Meta *l2meta) 2115 { 2116 QCowL2Meta *m; 2117 2118 for (m = l2meta; m != NULL; m = m->next) { 2119 /* If both COW regions are empty then there's nothing to merge */ 2120 if (m->cow_start.nb_bytes == 0 && m->cow_end.nb_bytes == 0) { 2121 continue; 2122 } 2123 2124 /* The data (middle) region must be immediately after the 2125 * start region */ 2126 if (l2meta_cow_start(m) + m->cow_start.nb_bytes != offset) { 2127 continue; 2128 } 2129 2130 /* The end region must be immediately after the data (middle) 2131 * region */ 2132 if (m->offset + m->cow_end.offset != offset + bytes) { 2133 continue; 2134 } 2135 2136 /* Make sure that adding both COW regions to the QEMUIOVector 2137 * does not exceed IOV_MAX */ 2138 if (hd_qiov->niov > IOV_MAX - 2) { 2139 continue; 2140 } 2141 2142 m->data_qiov = hd_qiov; 2143 return true; 2144 } 2145 2146 return false; 2147 } 2148 2149 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_co_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, 2150 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov, 2151 int flags) 2152 { 2153 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 2154 int offset_in_cluster; 2155 int ret; 2156 unsigned int cur_bytes; /* number of sectors in current iteration */ 2157 uint64_t cluster_offset; 2158 QEMUIOVector hd_qiov; 2159 uint64_t bytes_done = 0; 2160 uint8_t *cluster_data = NULL; 2161 QCowL2Meta *l2meta = NULL; 2162 2163 trace_qcow2_writev_start_req(qemu_coroutine_self(), offset, bytes); 2164 2165 qemu_iovec_init(&hd_qiov, qiov->niov); 2166 2167 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 2168 2169 while (bytes != 0) { 2170 2171 l2meta = NULL; 2172 2173 trace_qcow2_writev_start_part(qemu_coroutine_self()); 2174 offset_in_cluster = offset_into_cluster(s, offset); 2175 cur_bytes = MIN(bytes, INT_MAX); 2176 if (bs->encrypted) { 2177 cur_bytes = MIN(cur_bytes, 2178 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS * s->cluster_size 2179 - offset_in_cluster); 2180 } 2181 2182 ret = qcow2_alloc_cluster_offset(bs, offset, &cur_bytes, 2183 &cluster_offset, &l2meta); 2184 if (ret < 0) { 2185 goto fail; 2186 } 2187 2188 assert((cluster_offset & 511) == 0); 2189 2190 qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov); 2191 qemu_iovec_concat(&hd_qiov, qiov, bytes_done, cur_bytes); 2192 2193 if (bs->encrypted) { 2194 assert(s->crypto); 2195 if (!cluster_data) { 2196 cluster_data = qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs, 2197 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS 2198 * s->cluster_size); 2199 if (cluster_data == NULL) { 2200 ret = -ENOMEM; 2201 goto fail; 2202 } 2203 } 2204 2205 assert(hd_qiov.size <= 2206 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS * s->cluster_size); 2207 qemu_iovec_to_buf(&hd_qiov, 0, cluster_data, hd_qiov.size); 2208 2209 if (qcrypto_block_encrypt(s->crypto, 2210 (s->crypt_physical_offset ? 2211 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster : 2212 offset), 2213 cluster_data, 2214 cur_bytes, NULL) < 0) { 2215 ret = -EIO; 2216 goto fail; 2217 } 2218 2219 qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov); 2220 qemu_iovec_add(&hd_qiov, cluster_data, cur_bytes); 2221 } 2222 2223 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, 2224 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster, cur_bytes, true); 2225 if (ret < 0) { 2226 goto fail; 2227 } 2228 2229 /* If we need to do COW, check if it's possible to merge the 2230 * writing of the guest data together with that of the COW regions. 2231 * If it's not possible (or not necessary) then write the 2232 * guest data now. */ 2233 if (!merge_cow(offset, cur_bytes, &hd_qiov, l2meta)) { 2234 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 2235 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_WRITE_AIO); 2236 trace_qcow2_writev_data(qemu_coroutine_self(), 2237 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster); 2238 ret = bdrv_co_pwritev(s->data_file, 2239 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster, 2240 cur_bytes, &hd_qiov, 0); 2241 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 2242 if (ret < 0) { 2243 goto fail; 2244 } 2245 } 2246 2247 ret = qcow2_handle_l2meta(bs, &l2meta, true); 2248 if (ret) { 2249 goto fail; 2250 } 2251 2252 bytes -= cur_bytes; 2253 offset += cur_bytes; 2254 bytes_done += cur_bytes; 2255 trace_qcow2_writev_done_part(qemu_coroutine_self(), cur_bytes); 2256 } 2257 ret = 0; 2258 2259 fail: 2260 qcow2_handle_l2meta(bs, &l2meta, false); 2261 2262 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 2263 2264 qemu_iovec_destroy(&hd_qiov); 2265 qemu_vfree(cluster_data); 2266 trace_qcow2_writev_done_req(qemu_coroutine_self(), ret); 2267 2268 return ret; 2269 } 2270 2271 static int qcow2_inactivate(BlockDriverState *bs) 2272 { 2273 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 2274 int ret, result = 0; 2275 Error *local_err = NULL; 2276 2277 qcow2_store_persistent_dirty_bitmaps(bs, &local_err); 2278 if (local_err != NULL) { 2279 result = -EINVAL; 2280 error_reportf_err(local_err, "Lost persistent bitmaps during " 2281 "inactivation of node '%s': ", 2282 bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs)); 2283 } 2284 2285 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->l2_table_cache); 2286 if (ret) { 2287 result = ret; 2288 error_report("Failed to flush the L2 table cache: %s", 2289 strerror(-ret)); 2290 } 2291 2292 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->refcount_block_cache); 2293 if (ret) { 2294 result = ret; 2295 error_report("Failed to flush the refcount block cache: %s", 2296 strerror(-ret)); 2297 } 2298 2299 if (result == 0) { 2300 qcow2_mark_clean(bs); 2301 } 2302 2303 return result; 2304 } 2305 2306 static void qcow2_close(BlockDriverState *bs) 2307 { 2308 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 2309 qemu_vfree(s->l1_table); 2310 /* else pre-write overlap checks in cache_destroy may crash */ 2311 s->l1_table = NULL; 2312 2313 if (!(s->flags & BDRV_O_INACTIVE)) { 2314 qcow2_inactivate(bs); 2315 } 2316 2317 cache_clean_timer_del(bs); 2318 qcow2_cache_destroy(s->l2_table_cache); 2319 qcow2_cache_destroy(s->refcount_block_cache); 2320 2321 qcrypto_block_free(s->crypto); 2322 s->crypto = NULL; 2323 2324 g_free(s->unknown_header_fields); 2325 cleanup_unknown_header_ext(bs); 2326 2327 g_free(s->image_data_file); 2328 g_free(s->image_backing_file); 2329 g_free(s->image_backing_format); 2330 2331 if (has_data_file(bs)) { 2332 bdrv_unref_child(bs, s->data_file); 2333 } 2334 2335 qcow2_refcount_close(bs); 2336 qcow2_free_snapshots(bs); 2337 } 2338 2339 static void coroutine_fn qcow2_co_invalidate_cache(BlockDriverState *bs, 2340 Error **errp) 2341 { 2342 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 2343 int flags = s->flags; 2344 QCryptoBlock *crypto = NULL; 2345 QDict *options; 2346 Error *local_err = NULL; 2347 int ret; 2348 2349 /* 2350 * Backing files are read-only which makes all of their metadata immutable, 2351 * that means we don't have to worry about reopening them here. 2352 */ 2353 2354 crypto = s->crypto; 2355 s->crypto = NULL; 2356 2357 qcow2_close(bs); 2358 2359 memset(s, 0, sizeof(BDRVQcow2State)); 2360 options = qdict_clone_shallow(bs->options); 2361 2362 flags &= ~BDRV_O_INACTIVE; 2363 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 2364 ret = qcow2_do_open(bs, options, flags, &local_err); 2365 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 2366 qobject_unref(options); 2367 if (local_err) { 2368 error_propagate_prepend(errp, local_err, 2369 "Could not reopen qcow2 layer: "); 2370 bs->drv = NULL; 2371 return; 2372 } else if (ret < 0) { 2373 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not reopen qcow2 layer"); 2374 bs->drv = NULL; 2375 return; 2376 } 2377 2378 s->crypto = crypto; 2379 } 2380 2381 static size_t header_ext_add(char *buf, uint32_t magic, const void *s, 2382 size_t len, size_t buflen) 2383 { 2384 QCowExtension *ext_backing_fmt = (QCowExtension*) buf; 2385 size_t ext_len = sizeof(QCowExtension) + ((len + 7) & ~7); 2386 2387 if (buflen < ext_len) { 2388 return -ENOSPC; 2389 } 2390 2391 *ext_backing_fmt = (QCowExtension) { 2392 .magic = cpu_to_be32(magic), 2393 .len = cpu_to_be32(len), 2394 }; 2395 2396 if (len) { 2397 memcpy(buf + sizeof(QCowExtension), s, len); 2398 } 2399 2400 return ext_len; 2401 } 2402 2403 /* 2404 * Updates the qcow2 header, including the variable length parts of it, i.e. 2405 * the backing file name and all extensions. qcow2 was not designed to allow 2406 * such changes, so if we run out of space (we can only use the first cluster) 2407 * this function may fail. 2408 * 2409 * Returns 0 on success, -errno in error cases. 2410 */ 2411 int qcow2_update_header(BlockDriverState *bs) 2412 { 2413 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 2414 QCowHeader *header; 2415 char *buf; 2416 size_t buflen = s->cluster_size; 2417 int ret; 2418 uint64_t total_size; 2419 uint32_t refcount_table_clusters; 2420 size_t header_length; 2421 Qcow2UnknownHeaderExtension *uext; 2422 2423 buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, buflen); 2424 2425 /* Header structure */ 2426 header = (QCowHeader*) buf; 2427 2428 if (buflen < sizeof(*header)) { 2429 ret = -ENOSPC; 2430 goto fail; 2431 } 2432 2433 header_length = sizeof(*header) + s->unknown_header_fields_size; 2434 total_size = bs->total_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE; 2435 refcount_table_clusters = s->refcount_table_size >> (s->cluster_bits - 3); 2436 2437 *header = (QCowHeader) { 2438 /* Version 2 fields */ 2439 .magic = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_MAGIC), 2440 .version = cpu_to_be32(s->qcow_version), 2441 .backing_file_offset = 0, 2442 .backing_file_size = 0, 2443 .cluster_bits = cpu_to_be32(s->cluster_bits), 2444 .size = cpu_to_be64(total_size), 2445 .crypt_method = cpu_to_be32(s->crypt_method_header), 2446 .l1_size = cpu_to_be32(s->l1_size), 2447 .l1_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(s->l1_table_offset), 2448 .refcount_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(s->refcount_table_offset), 2449 .refcount_table_clusters = cpu_to_be32(refcount_table_clusters), 2450 .nb_snapshots = cpu_to_be32(s->nb_snapshots), 2451 .snapshots_offset = cpu_to_be64(s->snapshots_offset), 2452 2453 /* Version 3 fields */ 2454 .incompatible_features = cpu_to_be64(s->incompatible_features), 2455 .compatible_features = cpu_to_be64(s->compatible_features), 2456 .autoclear_features = cpu_to_be64(s->autoclear_features), 2457 .refcount_order = cpu_to_be32(s->refcount_order), 2458 .header_length = cpu_to_be32(header_length), 2459 }; 2460 2461 /* For older versions, write a shorter header */ 2462 switch (s->qcow_version) { 2463 case 2: 2464 ret = offsetof(QCowHeader, incompatible_features); 2465 break; 2466 case 3: 2467 ret = sizeof(*header); 2468 break; 2469 default: 2470 ret = -EINVAL; 2471 goto fail; 2472 } 2473 2474 buf += ret; 2475 buflen -= ret; 2476 memset(buf, 0, buflen); 2477 2478 /* Preserve any unknown field in the header */ 2479 if (s->unknown_header_fields_size) { 2480 if (buflen < s->unknown_header_fields_size) { 2481 ret = -ENOSPC; 2482 goto fail; 2483 } 2484 2485 memcpy(buf, s->unknown_header_fields, s->unknown_header_fields_size); 2486 buf += s->unknown_header_fields_size; 2487 buflen -= s->unknown_header_fields_size; 2488 } 2489 2490 /* Backing file format header extension */ 2491 if (s->image_backing_format) { 2492 ret = header_ext_add(buf, QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_BACKING_FORMAT, 2493 s->image_backing_format, 2494 strlen(s->image_backing_format), 2495 buflen); 2496 if (ret < 0) { 2497 goto fail; 2498 } 2499 2500 buf += ret; 2501 buflen -= ret; 2502 } 2503 2504 /* External data file header extension */ 2505 if (has_data_file(bs) && s->image_data_file) { 2506 ret = header_ext_add(buf, QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_DATA_FILE, 2507 s->image_data_file, strlen(s->image_data_file), 2508 buflen); 2509 if (ret < 0) { 2510 goto fail; 2511 } 2512 2513 buf += ret; 2514 buflen -= ret; 2515 } 2516 2517 /* Full disk encryption header pointer extension */ 2518 if (s->crypto_header.offset != 0) { 2519 s->crypto_header.offset = cpu_to_be64(s->crypto_header.offset); 2520 s->crypto_header.length = cpu_to_be64(s->crypto_header.length); 2521 ret = header_ext_add(buf, QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_CRYPTO_HEADER, 2522 &s->crypto_header, sizeof(s->crypto_header), 2523 buflen); 2524 s->crypto_header.offset = be64_to_cpu(s->crypto_header.offset); 2525 s->crypto_header.length = be64_to_cpu(s->crypto_header.length); 2526 if (ret < 0) { 2527 goto fail; 2528 } 2529 buf += ret; 2530 buflen -= ret; 2531 } 2532 2533 /* Feature table */ 2534 if (s->qcow_version >= 3) { 2535 Qcow2Feature features[] = { 2536 { 2537 .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE, 2538 .bit = QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY_BITNR, 2539 .name = "dirty bit", 2540 }, 2541 { 2542 .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE, 2543 .bit = QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT_BITNR, 2544 .name = "corrupt bit", 2545 }, 2546 { 2547 .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE, 2548 .bit = QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DATA_FILE_BITNR, 2549 .name = "external data file", 2550 }, 2551 { 2552 .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_COMPATIBLE, 2553 .bit = QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS_BITNR, 2554 .name = "lazy refcounts", 2555 }, 2556 }; 2557 2558 ret = header_ext_add(buf, QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_FEATURE_TABLE, 2559 features, sizeof(features), buflen); 2560 if (ret < 0) { 2561 goto fail; 2562 } 2563 buf += ret; 2564 buflen -= ret; 2565 } 2566 2567 /* Bitmap extension */ 2568 if (s->nb_bitmaps > 0) { 2569 Qcow2BitmapHeaderExt bitmaps_header = { 2570 .nb_bitmaps = cpu_to_be32(s->nb_bitmaps), 2571 .bitmap_directory_size = 2572 cpu_to_be64(s->bitmap_directory_size), 2573 .bitmap_directory_offset = 2574 cpu_to_be64(s->bitmap_directory_offset) 2575 }; 2576 ret = header_ext_add(buf, QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_BITMAPS, 2577 &bitmaps_header, sizeof(bitmaps_header), 2578 buflen); 2579 if (ret < 0) { 2580 goto fail; 2581 } 2582 buf += ret; 2583 buflen -= ret; 2584 } 2585 2586 /* Keep unknown header extensions */ 2587 QLIST_FOREACH(uext, &s->unknown_header_ext, next) { 2588 ret = header_ext_add(buf, uext->magic, uext->data, uext->len, buflen); 2589 if (ret < 0) { 2590 goto fail; 2591 } 2592 2593 buf += ret; 2594 buflen -= ret; 2595 } 2596 2597 /* End of header extensions */ 2598 ret = header_ext_add(buf, QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_END, NULL, 0, buflen); 2599 if (ret < 0) { 2600 goto fail; 2601 } 2602 2603 buf += ret; 2604 buflen -= ret; 2605 2606 /* Backing file name */ 2607 if (s->image_backing_file) { 2608 size_t backing_file_len = strlen(s->image_backing_file); 2609 2610 if (buflen < backing_file_len) { 2611 ret = -ENOSPC; 2612 goto fail; 2613 } 2614 2615 /* Using strncpy is ok here, since buf is not NUL-terminated. */ 2616 strncpy(buf, s->image_backing_file, buflen); 2617 2618 header->backing_file_offset = cpu_to_be64(buf - ((char*) header)); 2619 header->backing_file_size = cpu_to_be32(backing_file_len); 2620 } 2621 2622 /* Write the new header */ 2623 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, 0, header, s->cluster_size); 2624 if (ret < 0) { 2625 goto fail; 2626 } 2627 2628 ret = 0; 2629 fail: 2630 qemu_vfree(header); 2631 return ret; 2632 } 2633 2634 static int qcow2_change_backing_file(BlockDriverState *bs, 2635 const char *backing_file, const char *backing_fmt) 2636 { 2637 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 2638 2639 /* Adding a backing file means that the external data file alone won't be 2640 * enough to make sense of the content */ 2641 if (backing_file && data_file_is_raw(bs)) { 2642 return -EINVAL; 2643 } 2644 2645 if (backing_file && strlen(backing_file) > 1023) { 2646 return -EINVAL; 2647 } 2648 2649 pstrcpy(bs->auto_backing_file, sizeof(bs->auto_backing_file), 2650 backing_file ?: ""); 2651 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, sizeof(bs->backing_file), backing_file ?: ""); 2652 pstrcpy(bs->backing_format, sizeof(bs->backing_format), backing_fmt ?: ""); 2653 2654 g_free(s->image_backing_file); 2655 g_free(s->image_backing_format); 2656 2657 s->image_backing_file = backing_file ? g_strdup(bs->backing_file) : NULL; 2658 s->image_backing_format = backing_fmt ? g_strdup(bs->backing_format) : NULL; 2659 2660 return qcow2_update_header(bs); 2661 } 2662 2663 static int qcow2_crypt_method_from_format(const char *encryptfmt) 2664 { 2665 if (g_str_equal(encryptfmt, "luks")) { 2666 return QCOW_CRYPT_LUKS; 2667 } else if (g_str_equal(encryptfmt, "aes")) { 2668 return QCOW_CRYPT_AES; 2669 } else { 2670 return -EINVAL; 2671 } 2672 } 2673 2674 static int qcow2_set_up_encryption(BlockDriverState *bs, 2675 QCryptoBlockCreateOptions *cryptoopts, 2676 Error **errp) 2677 { 2678 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 2679 QCryptoBlock *crypto = NULL; 2680 int fmt, ret; 2681 2682 switch (cryptoopts->format) { 2683 case Q_CRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_LUKS: 2684 fmt = QCOW_CRYPT_LUKS; 2685 break; 2686 case Q_CRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_QCOW: 2687 fmt = QCOW_CRYPT_AES; 2688 break; 2689 default: 2690 error_setg(errp, "Crypto format not supported in qcow2"); 2691 return -EINVAL; 2692 } 2693 2694 s->crypt_method_header = fmt; 2695 2696 crypto = qcrypto_block_create(cryptoopts, "encrypt.", 2697 qcow2_crypto_hdr_init_func, 2698 qcow2_crypto_hdr_write_func, 2699 bs, errp); 2700 if (!crypto) { 2701 return -EINVAL; 2702 } 2703 2704 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs); 2705 if (ret < 0) { 2706 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write encryption header"); 2707 goto out; 2708 } 2709 2710 ret = 0; 2711 out: 2712 qcrypto_block_free(crypto); 2713 return ret; 2714 } 2715 2716 /** 2717 * Preallocates metadata structures for data clusters between @offset (in the 2718 * guest disk) and @new_length (which is thus generally the new guest disk 2719 * size). 2720 * 2721 * Returns: 0 on success, -errno on failure. 2722 */ 2723 static int coroutine_fn preallocate_co(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, 2724 uint64_t new_length, PreallocMode mode, 2725 Error **errp) 2726 { 2727 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 2728 uint64_t bytes; 2729 uint64_t host_offset = 0; 2730 int64_t file_length; 2731 unsigned int cur_bytes; 2732 int ret; 2733 QCowL2Meta *meta; 2734 2735 assert(offset <= new_length); 2736 bytes = new_length - offset; 2737 2738 while (bytes) { 2739 cur_bytes = MIN(bytes, QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(INT_MAX, s->cluster_size)); 2740 ret = qcow2_alloc_cluster_offset(bs, offset, &cur_bytes, 2741 &host_offset, &meta); 2742 if (ret < 0) { 2743 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Allocating clusters failed"); 2744 return ret; 2745 } 2746 2747 while (meta) { 2748 QCowL2Meta *next = meta->next; 2749 2750 ret = qcow2_alloc_cluster_link_l2(bs, meta); 2751 if (ret < 0) { 2752 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Mapping clusters failed"); 2753 qcow2_free_any_clusters(bs, meta->alloc_offset, 2754 meta->nb_clusters, QCOW2_DISCARD_NEVER); 2755 return ret; 2756 } 2757 2758 /* There are no dependent requests, but we need to remove our 2759 * request from the list of in-flight requests */ 2760 QLIST_REMOVE(meta, next_in_flight); 2761 2762 g_free(meta); 2763 meta = next; 2764 } 2765 2766 /* TODO Preallocate data if requested */ 2767 2768 bytes -= cur_bytes; 2769 offset += cur_bytes; 2770 } 2771 2772 /* 2773 * It is expected that the image file is large enough to actually contain 2774 * all of the allocated clusters (otherwise we get failing reads after 2775 * EOF). Extend the image to the last allocated sector. 2776 */ 2777 file_length = bdrv_getlength(s->data_file->bs); 2778 if (file_length < 0) { 2779 error_setg_errno(errp, -file_length, "Could not get file size"); 2780 return file_length; 2781 } 2782 2783 if (host_offset + cur_bytes > file_length) { 2784 if (mode == PREALLOC_MODE_METADATA) { 2785 mode = PREALLOC_MODE_OFF; 2786 } 2787 ret = bdrv_co_truncate(s->data_file, host_offset + cur_bytes, mode, 2788 errp); 2789 if (ret < 0) { 2790 return ret; 2791 } 2792 } 2793 2794 return 0; 2795 } 2796 2797 /* qcow2_refcount_metadata_size: 2798 * @clusters: number of clusters to refcount (including data and L1/L2 tables) 2799 * @cluster_size: size of a cluster, in bytes 2800 * @refcount_order: refcount bits power-of-2 exponent 2801 * @generous_increase: allow for the refcount table to be 1.5x as large as it 2802 * needs to be 2803 * 2804 * Returns: Number of bytes required for refcount blocks and table metadata. 2805 */ 2806 int64_t qcow2_refcount_metadata_size(int64_t clusters, size_t cluster_size, 2807 int refcount_order, bool generous_increase, 2808 uint64_t *refblock_count) 2809 { 2810 /* 2811 * Every host cluster is reference-counted, including metadata (even 2812 * refcount metadata is recursively included). 2813 * 2814 * An accurate formula for the size of refcount metadata size is difficult 2815 * to derive. An easier method of calculation is finding the fixed point 2816 * where no further refcount blocks or table clusters are required to 2817 * reference count every cluster. 2818 */ 2819 int64_t blocks_per_table_cluster = cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t); 2820 int64_t refcounts_per_block = cluster_size * 8 / (1 << refcount_order); 2821 int64_t table = 0; /* number of refcount table clusters */ 2822 int64_t blocks = 0; /* number of refcount block clusters */ 2823 int64_t last; 2824 int64_t n = 0; 2825 2826 do { 2827 last = n; 2828 blocks = DIV_ROUND_UP(clusters + table + blocks, refcounts_per_block); 2829 table = DIV_ROUND_UP(blocks, blocks_per_table_cluster); 2830 n = clusters + blocks + table; 2831 2832 if (n == last && generous_increase) { 2833 clusters += DIV_ROUND_UP(table, 2); 2834 n = 0; /* force another loop */ 2835 generous_increase = false; 2836 } 2837 } while (n != last); 2838 2839 if (refblock_count) { 2840 *refblock_count = blocks; 2841 } 2842 2843 return (blocks + table) * cluster_size; 2844 } 2845 2846 /** 2847 * qcow2_calc_prealloc_size: 2848 * @total_size: virtual disk size in bytes 2849 * @cluster_size: cluster size in bytes 2850 * @refcount_order: refcount bits power-of-2 exponent 2851 * 2852 * Returns: Total number of bytes required for the fully allocated image 2853 * (including metadata). 2854 */ 2855 static int64_t qcow2_calc_prealloc_size(int64_t total_size, 2856 size_t cluster_size, 2857 int refcount_order) 2858 { 2859 int64_t meta_size = 0; 2860 uint64_t nl1e, nl2e; 2861 int64_t aligned_total_size = ROUND_UP(total_size, cluster_size); 2862 2863 /* header: 1 cluster */ 2864 meta_size += cluster_size; 2865 2866 /* total size of L2 tables */ 2867 nl2e = aligned_total_size / cluster_size; 2868 nl2e = ROUND_UP(nl2e, cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t)); 2869 meta_size += nl2e * sizeof(uint64_t); 2870 2871 /* total size of L1 tables */ 2872 nl1e = nl2e * sizeof(uint64_t) / cluster_size; 2873 nl1e = ROUND_UP(nl1e, cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t)); 2874 meta_size += nl1e * sizeof(uint64_t); 2875 2876 /* total size of refcount table and blocks */ 2877 meta_size += qcow2_refcount_metadata_size( 2878 (meta_size + aligned_total_size) / cluster_size, 2879 cluster_size, refcount_order, false, NULL); 2880 2881 return meta_size + aligned_total_size; 2882 } 2883 2884 static bool validate_cluster_size(size_t cluster_size, Error **errp) 2885 { 2886 int cluster_bits = ctz32(cluster_size); 2887 if (cluster_bits < MIN_CLUSTER_BITS || cluster_bits > MAX_CLUSTER_BITS || 2888 (1 << cluster_bits) != cluster_size) 2889 { 2890 error_setg(errp, "Cluster size must be a power of two between %d and " 2891 "%dk", 1 << MIN_CLUSTER_BITS, 1 << (MAX_CLUSTER_BITS - 10)); 2892 return false; 2893 } 2894 return true; 2895 } 2896 2897 static size_t qcow2_opt_get_cluster_size_del(QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp) 2898 { 2899 size_t cluster_size; 2900 2901 cluster_size = qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE, 2902 DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE); 2903 if (!validate_cluster_size(cluster_size, errp)) { 2904 return 0; 2905 } 2906 return cluster_size; 2907 } 2908 2909 static int qcow2_opt_get_version_del(QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp) 2910 { 2911 char *buf; 2912 int ret; 2913 2914 buf = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL); 2915 if (!buf) { 2916 ret = 3; /* default */ 2917 } else if (!strcmp(buf, "0.10")) { 2918 ret = 2; 2919 } else if (!strcmp(buf, "1.1")) { 2920 ret = 3; 2921 } else { 2922 error_setg(errp, "Invalid compatibility level: '%s'", buf); 2923 ret = -EINVAL; 2924 } 2925 g_free(buf); 2926 return ret; 2927 } 2928 2929 static uint64_t qcow2_opt_get_refcount_bits_del(QemuOpts *opts, int version, 2930 Error **errp) 2931 { 2932 uint64_t refcount_bits; 2933 2934 refcount_bits = qemu_opt_get_number_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_REFCOUNT_BITS, 16); 2935 if (refcount_bits > 64 || !is_power_of_2(refcount_bits)) { 2936 error_setg(errp, "Refcount width must be a power of two and may not " 2937 "exceed 64 bits"); 2938 return 0; 2939 } 2940 2941 if (version < 3 && refcount_bits != 16) { 2942 error_setg(errp, "Different refcount widths than 16 bits require " 2943 "compatibility level 1.1 or above (use compat=1.1 or " 2944 "greater)"); 2945 return 0; 2946 } 2947 2948 return refcount_bits; 2949 } 2950 2951 static int coroutine_fn 2952 qcow2_co_create(BlockdevCreateOptions *create_options, Error **errp) 2953 { 2954 BlockdevCreateOptionsQcow2 *qcow2_opts; 2955 QDict *options; 2956 2957 /* 2958 * Open the image file and write a minimal qcow2 header. 2959 * 2960 * We keep things simple and start with a zero-sized image. We also 2961 * do without refcount blocks or a L1 table for now. We'll fix the 2962 * inconsistency later. 2963 * 2964 * We do need a refcount table because growing the refcount table means 2965 * allocating two new refcount blocks - the seconds of which would be at 2966 * 2 GB for 64k clusters, and we don't want to have a 2 GB initial file 2967 * size for any qcow2 image. 2968 */ 2969 BlockBackend *blk = NULL; 2970 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL; 2971 BlockDriverState *data_bs = NULL; 2972 QCowHeader *header; 2973 size_t cluster_size; 2974 int version; 2975 int refcount_order; 2976 uint64_t* refcount_table; 2977 Error *local_err = NULL; 2978 int ret; 2979 2980 assert(create_options->driver == BLOCKDEV_DRIVER_QCOW2); 2981 qcow2_opts = &create_options->u.qcow2; 2982 2983 bs = bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(qcow2_opts->file, errp); 2984 if (bs == NULL) { 2985 return -EIO; 2986 } 2987 2988 /* Validate options and set default values */ 2989 if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(qcow2_opts->size, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)) { 2990 error_setg(errp, "Image size must be a multiple of 512 bytes"); 2991 ret = -EINVAL; 2992 goto out; 2993 } 2994 2995 if (qcow2_opts->has_version) { 2996 switch (qcow2_opts->version) { 2997 case BLOCKDEV_QCOW2_VERSION_V2: 2998 version = 2; 2999 break; 3000 case BLOCKDEV_QCOW2_VERSION_V3: 3001 version = 3; 3002 break; 3003 default: 3004 g_assert_not_reached(); 3005 } 3006 } else { 3007 version = 3; 3008 } 3009 3010 if (qcow2_opts->has_cluster_size) { 3011 cluster_size = qcow2_opts->cluster_size; 3012 } else { 3013 cluster_size = DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE; 3014 } 3015 3016 if (!validate_cluster_size(cluster_size, errp)) { 3017 ret = -EINVAL; 3018 goto out; 3019 } 3020 3021 if (!qcow2_opts->has_preallocation) { 3022 qcow2_opts->preallocation = PREALLOC_MODE_OFF; 3023 } 3024 if (qcow2_opts->has_backing_file && 3025 qcow2_opts->preallocation != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF) 3026 { 3027 error_setg(errp, "Backing file and preallocation cannot be used at " 3028 "the same time"); 3029 ret = -EINVAL; 3030 goto out; 3031 } 3032 if (qcow2_opts->has_backing_fmt && !qcow2_opts->has_backing_file) { 3033 error_setg(errp, "Backing format cannot be used without backing file"); 3034 ret = -EINVAL; 3035 goto out; 3036 } 3037 3038 if (!qcow2_opts->has_lazy_refcounts) { 3039 qcow2_opts->lazy_refcounts = false; 3040 } 3041 if (version < 3 && qcow2_opts->lazy_refcounts) { 3042 error_setg(errp, "Lazy refcounts only supported with compatibility " 3043 "level 1.1 and above (use version=v3 or greater)"); 3044 ret = -EINVAL; 3045 goto out; 3046 } 3047 3048 if (!qcow2_opts->has_refcount_bits) { 3049 qcow2_opts->refcount_bits = 16; 3050 } 3051 if (qcow2_opts->refcount_bits > 64 || 3052 !is_power_of_2(qcow2_opts->refcount_bits)) 3053 { 3054 error_setg(errp, "Refcount width must be a power of two and may not " 3055 "exceed 64 bits"); 3056 ret = -EINVAL; 3057 goto out; 3058 } 3059 if (version < 3 && qcow2_opts->refcount_bits != 16) { 3060 error_setg(errp, "Different refcount widths than 16 bits require " 3061 "compatibility level 1.1 or above (use version=v3 or " 3062 "greater)"); 3063 ret = -EINVAL; 3064 goto out; 3065 } 3066 refcount_order = ctz32(qcow2_opts->refcount_bits); 3067 3068 if (qcow2_opts->data_file_raw && !qcow2_opts->data_file) { 3069 error_setg(errp, "data-file-raw requires data-file"); 3070 ret = -EINVAL; 3071 goto out; 3072 } 3073 if (qcow2_opts->data_file_raw && qcow2_opts->has_backing_file) { 3074 error_setg(errp, "Backing file and data-file-raw cannot be used at " 3075 "the same time"); 3076 ret = -EINVAL; 3077 goto out; 3078 } 3079 3080 if (qcow2_opts->data_file) { 3081 if (version < 3) { 3082 error_setg(errp, "External data files are only supported with " 3083 "compatibility level 1.1 and above (use version=v3 or " 3084 "greater)"); 3085 ret = -EINVAL; 3086 goto out; 3087 } 3088 data_bs = bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(qcow2_opts->data_file, errp); 3089 if (data_bs == NULL) { 3090 ret = -EIO; 3091 goto out; 3092 } 3093 } 3094 3095 /* Create BlockBackend to write to the image */ 3096 blk = blk_new(BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE, BLK_PERM_ALL); 3097 ret = blk_insert_bs(blk, bs, errp); 3098 if (ret < 0) { 3099 goto out; 3100 } 3101 blk_set_allow_write_beyond_eof(blk, true); 3102 3103 /* Clear the protocol layer and preallocate it if necessary */ 3104 ret = blk_truncate(blk, 0, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, errp); 3105 if (ret < 0) { 3106 goto out; 3107 } 3108 3109 /* Write the header */ 3110 QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON((1 << MIN_CLUSTER_BITS) < sizeof(*header)); 3111 header = g_malloc0(cluster_size); 3112 *header = (QCowHeader) { 3113 .magic = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_MAGIC), 3114 .version = cpu_to_be32(version), 3115 .cluster_bits = cpu_to_be32(ctz32(cluster_size)), 3116 .size = cpu_to_be64(0), 3117 .l1_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(0), 3118 .l1_size = cpu_to_be32(0), 3119 .refcount_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(cluster_size), 3120 .refcount_table_clusters = cpu_to_be32(1), 3121 .refcount_order = cpu_to_be32(refcount_order), 3122 .header_length = cpu_to_be32(sizeof(*header)), 3123 }; 3124 3125 /* We'll update this to correct value later */ 3126 header->crypt_method = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_CRYPT_NONE); 3127 3128 if (qcow2_opts->lazy_refcounts) { 3129 header->compatible_features |= 3130 cpu_to_be64(QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS); 3131 } 3132 if (data_bs) { 3133 header->incompatible_features |= 3134 cpu_to_be64(QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DATA_FILE); 3135 } 3136 if (qcow2_opts->data_file_raw) { 3137 header->autoclear_features |= 3138 cpu_to_be64(QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_DATA_FILE_RAW); 3139 } 3140 3141 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, 0, header, cluster_size, 0); 3142 g_free(header); 3143 if (ret < 0) { 3144 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write qcow2 header"); 3145 goto out; 3146 } 3147 3148 /* Write a refcount table with one refcount block */ 3149 refcount_table = g_malloc0(2 * cluster_size); 3150 refcount_table[0] = cpu_to_be64(2 * cluster_size); 3151 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, cluster_size, refcount_table, 2 * cluster_size, 0); 3152 g_free(refcount_table); 3153 3154 if (ret < 0) { 3155 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write refcount table"); 3156 goto out; 3157 } 3158 3159 blk_unref(blk); 3160 blk = NULL; 3161 3162 /* 3163 * And now open the image and make it consistent first (i.e. increase the 3164 * refcount of the cluster that is occupied by the header and the refcount 3165 * table) 3166 */ 3167 options = qdict_new(); 3168 qdict_put_str(options, "driver", "qcow2"); 3169 qdict_put_str(options, "file", bs->node_name); 3170 if (data_bs) { 3171 qdict_put_str(options, "data-file", data_bs->node_name); 3172 } 3173 blk = blk_new_open(NULL, NULL, options, 3174 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_RESIZE | BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH, 3175 &local_err); 3176 if (blk == NULL) { 3177 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 3178 ret = -EIO; 3179 goto out; 3180 } 3181 3182 ret = qcow2_alloc_clusters(blk_bs(blk), 3 * cluster_size); 3183 if (ret < 0) { 3184 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not allocate clusters for qcow2 " 3185 "header and refcount table"); 3186 goto out; 3187 3188 } else if (ret != 0) { 3189 error_report("Huh, first cluster in empty image is already in use?"); 3190 abort(); 3191 } 3192 3193 /* Set the external data file if necessary */ 3194 if (data_bs) { 3195 BDRVQcow2State *s = blk_bs(blk)->opaque; 3196 s->image_data_file = g_strdup(data_bs->filename); 3197 } 3198 3199 /* Create a full header (including things like feature table) */ 3200 ret = qcow2_update_header(blk_bs(blk)); 3201 if (ret < 0) { 3202 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not update qcow2 header"); 3203 goto out; 3204 } 3205 3206 /* Okay, now that we have a valid image, let's give it the right size */ 3207 ret = blk_truncate(blk, qcow2_opts->size, qcow2_opts->preallocation, errp); 3208 if (ret < 0) { 3209 error_prepend(errp, "Could not resize image: "); 3210 goto out; 3211 } 3212 3213 /* Want a backing file? There you go.*/ 3214 if (qcow2_opts->has_backing_file) { 3215 const char *backing_format = NULL; 3216 3217 if (qcow2_opts->has_backing_fmt) { 3218 backing_format = BlockdevDriver_str(qcow2_opts->backing_fmt); 3219 } 3220 3221 ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(blk_bs(blk), qcow2_opts->backing_file, 3222 backing_format); 3223 if (ret < 0) { 3224 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not assign backing file '%s' " 3225 "with format '%s'", qcow2_opts->backing_file, 3226 backing_format); 3227 goto out; 3228 } 3229 } 3230 3231 /* Want encryption? There you go. */ 3232 if (qcow2_opts->has_encrypt) { 3233 ret = qcow2_set_up_encryption(blk_bs(blk), qcow2_opts->encrypt, errp); 3234 if (ret < 0) { 3235 goto out; 3236 } 3237 } 3238 3239 blk_unref(blk); 3240 blk = NULL; 3241 3242 /* Reopen the image without BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH to flush it before returning. 3243 * Using BDRV_O_NO_IO, since encryption is now setup we don't want to 3244 * have to setup decryption context. We're not doing any I/O on the top 3245 * level BlockDriverState, only lower layers, where BDRV_O_NO_IO does 3246 * not have effect. 3247 */ 3248 options = qdict_new(); 3249 qdict_put_str(options, "driver", "qcow2"); 3250 qdict_put_str(options, "file", bs->node_name); 3251 if (data_bs) { 3252 qdict_put_str(options, "data-file", data_bs->node_name); 3253 } 3254 blk = blk_new_open(NULL, NULL, options, 3255 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING | BDRV_O_NO_IO, 3256 &local_err); 3257 if (blk == NULL) { 3258 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 3259 ret = -EIO; 3260 goto out; 3261 } 3262 3263 ret = 0; 3264 out: 3265 blk_unref(blk); 3266 bdrv_unref(bs); 3267 bdrv_unref(data_bs); 3268 return ret; 3269 } 3270 3271 static int coroutine_fn qcow2_co_create_opts(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, 3272 Error **errp) 3273 { 3274 BlockdevCreateOptions *create_options = NULL; 3275 QDict *qdict; 3276 Visitor *v; 3277 BlockDriverState *bs = NULL; 3278 BlockDriverState *data_bs = NULL; 3279 Error *local_err = NULL; 3280 const char *val; 3281 int ret; 3282 3283 /* Only the keyval visitor supports the dotted syntax needed for 3284 * encryption, so go through a QDict before getting a QAPI type. Ignore 3285 * options meant for the protocol layer so that the visitor doesn't 3286 * complain. */ 3287 qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict_filtered(opts, NULL, bdrv_qcow2.create_opts, 3288 true); 3289 3290 /* Handle encryption options */ 3291 val = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT); 3292 if (val && !strcmp(val, "on")) { 3293 qdict_put_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, "qcow"); 3294 } else if (val && !strcmp(val, "off")) { 3295 qdict_del(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT); 3296 } 3297 3298 val = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT); 3299 if (val && !strcmp(val, "aes")) { 3300 qdict_put_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT, "qcow"); 3301 } 3302 3303 /* Convert compat=0.10/1.1 into compat=v2/v3, to be renamed into 3304 * version=v2/v3 below. */ 3305 val = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL); 3306 if (val && !strcmp(val, "0.10")) { 3307 qdict_put_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL, "v2"); 3308 } else if (val && !strcmp(val, "1.1")) { 3309 qdict_put_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL, "v3"); 3310 } 3311 3312 /* Change legacy command line options into QMP ones */ 3313 static const QDictRenames opt_renames[] = { 3314 { BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE, "backing-file" }, 3315 { BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT, "backing-fmt" }, 3316 { BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE, "cluster-size" }, 3317 { BLOCK_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS, "lazy-refcounts" }, 3318 { BLOCK_OPT_REFCOUNT_BITS, "refcount-bits" }, 3319 { BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT }, 3320 { BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL, "version" }, 3321 { BLOCK_OPT_DATA_FILE_RAW, "data-file-raw" }, 3322 { NULL, NULL }, 3323 }; 3324 3325 if (!qdict_rename_keys(qdict, opt_renames, errp)) { 3326 ret = -EINVAL; 3327 goto finish; 3328 } 3329 3330 /* Create and open the file (protocol layer) */ 3331 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, errp); 3332 if (ret < 0) { 3333 goto finish; 3334 } 3335 3336 bs = bdrv_open(filename, NULL, NULL, 3337 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_RESIZE | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL, errp); 3338 if (bs == NULL) { 3339 ret = -EIO; 3340 goto finish; 3341 } 3342 3343 /* Create and open an external data file (protocol layer) */ 3344 val = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_DATA_FILE); 3345 if (val) { 3346 ret = bdrv_create_file(val, opts, errp); 3347 if (ret < 0) { 3348 goto finish; 3349 } 3350 3351 data_bs = bdrv_open(val, NULL, NULL, 3352 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_RESIZE | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL, 3353 errp); 3354 if (data_bs == NULL) { 3355 ret = -EIO; 3356 goto finish; 3357 } 3358 3359 qdict_del(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_DATA_FILE); 3360 qdict_put_str(qdict, "data-file", data_bs->node_name); 3361 } 3362 3363 /* Set 'driver' and 'node' options */ 3364 qdict_put_str(qdict, "driver", "qcow2"); 3365 qdict_put_str(qdict, "file", bs->node_name); 3366 3367 /* Now get the QAPI type BlockdevCreateOptions */ 3368 v = qobject_input_visitor_new_flat_confused(qdict, errp); 3369 if (!v) { 3370 ret = -EINVAL; 3371 goto finish; 3372 } 3373 3374 visit_type_BlockdevCreateOptions(v, NULL, &create_options, &local_err); 3375 visit_free(v); 3376 3377 if (local_err) { 3378 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 3379 ret = -EINVAL; 3380 goto finish; 3381 } 3382 3383 /* Silently round up size */ 3384 create_options->u.qcow2.size = ROUND_UP(create_options->u.qcow2.size, 3385 BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE); 3386 3387 /* Create the qcow2 image (format layer) */ 3388 ret = qcow2_co_create(create_options, errp); 3389 if (ret < 0) { 3390 goto finish; 3391 } 3392 3393 ret = 0; 3394 finish: 3395 qobject_unref(qdict); 3396 bdrv_unref(bs); 3397 bdrv_unref(data_bs); 3398 qapi_free_BlockdevCreateOptions(create_options); 3399 return ret; 3400 } 3401 3402 3403 static bool is_zero(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset, int64_t bytes) 3404 { 3405 int64_t nr; 3406 int res; 3407 3408 /* Clamp to image length, before checking status of underlying sectors */ 3409 if (offset + bytes > bs->total_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) { 3410 bytes = bs->total_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - offset; 3411 } 3412 3413 if (!bytes) { 3414 return true; 3415 } 3416 res = bdrv_block_status_above(bs, NULL, offset, bytes, &nr, NULL, NULL); 3417 return res >= 0 && (res & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) && nr == bytes; 3418 } 3419 3420 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_co_pwrite_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs, 3421 int64_t offset, int bytes, BdrvRequestFlags flags) 3422 { 3423 int ret; 3424 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 3425 3426 uint32_t head = offset % s->cluster_size; 3427 uint32_t tail = (offset + bytes) % s->cluster_size; 3428 3429 trace_qcow2_pwrite_zeroes_start_req(qemu_coroutine_self(), offset, bytes); 3430 if (offset + bytes == bs->total_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) { 3431 tail = 0; 3432 } 3433 3434 if (head || tail) { 3435 uint64_t off; 3436 unsigned int nr; 3437 3438 assert(head + bytes <= s->cluster_size); 3439 3440 /* check whether remainder of cluster already reads as zero */ 3441 if (!(is_zero(bs, offset - head, head) && 3442 is_zero(bs, offset + bytes, 3443 tail ? s->cluster_size - tail : 0))) { 3444 return -ENOTSUP; 3445 } 3446 3447 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 3448 /* We can have new write after previous check */ 3449 offset = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(offset, s->cluster_size); 3450 bytes = s->cluster_size; 3451 nr = s->cluster_size; 3452 ret = qcow2_get_cluster_offset(bs, offset, &nr, &off); 3453 if (ret != QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED && 3454 ret != QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_PLAIN && 3455 ret != QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_ALLOC) { 3456 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 3457 return -ENOTSUP; 3458 } 3459 } else { 3460 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 3461 } 3462 3463 trace_qcow2_pwrite_zeroes(qemu_coroutine_self(), offset, bytes); 3464 3465 /* Whatever is left can use real zero clusters */ 3466 ret = qcow2_cluster_zeroize(bs, offset, bytes, flags); 3467 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 3468 3469 return ret; 3470 } 3471 3472 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_co_pdiscard(BlockDriverState *bs, 3473 int64_t offset, int bytes) 3474 { 3475 int ret; 3476 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 3477 3478 if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset | bytes, s->cluster_size)) { 3479 assert(bytes < s->cluster_size); 3480 /* Ignore partial clusters, except for the special case of the 3481 * complete partial cluster at the end of an unaligned file */ 3482 if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(offset, s->cluster_size) || 3483 offset + bytes != bs->total_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) { 3484 return -ENOTSUP; 3485 } 3486 } 3487 3488 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 3489 ret = qcow2_cluster_discard(bs, offset, bytes, QCOW2_DISCARD_REQUEST, 3490 false); 3491 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 3492 return ret; 3493 } 3494 3495 static int coroutine_fn 3496 qcow2_co_copy_range_from(BlockDriverState *bs, 3497 BdrvChild *src, uint64_t src_offset, 3498 BdrvChild *dst, uint64_t dst_offset, 3499 uint64_t bytes, BdrvRequestFlags read_flags, 3500 BdrvRequestFlags write_flags) 3501 { 3502 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 3503 int ret; 3504 unsigned int cur_bytes; /* number of bytes in current iteration */ 3505 BdrvChild *child = NULL; 3506 BdrvRequestFlags cur_write_flags; 3507 3508 assert(!bs->encrypted); 3509 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 3510 3511 while (bytes != 0) { 3512 uint64_t copy_offset = 0; 3513 /* prepare next request */ 3514 cur_bytes = MIN(bytes, INT_MAX); 3515 cur_write_flags = write_flags; 3516 3517 ret = qcow2_get_cluster_offset(bs, src_offset, &cur_bytes, ©_offset); 3518 if (ret < 0) { 3519 goto out; 3520 } 3521 3522 switch (ret) { 3523 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED: 3524 if (bs->backing && bs->backing->bs) { 3525 int64_t backing_length = bdrv_getlength(bs->backing->bs); 3526 if (src_offset >= backing_length) { 3527 cur_write_flags |= BDRV_REQ_ZERO_WRITE; 3528 } else { 3529 child = bs->backing; 3530 cur_bytes = MIN(cur_bytes, backing_length - src_offset); 3531 copy_offset = src_offset; 3532 } 3533 } else { 3534 cur_write_flags |= BDRV_REQ_ZERO_WRITE; 3535 } 3536 break; 3537 3538 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_PLAIN: 3539 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO_ALLOC: 3540 cur_write_flags |= BDRV_REQ_ZERO_WRITE; 3541 break; 3542 3543 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_COMPRESSED: 3544 ret = -ENOTSUP; 3545 goto out; 3546 3547 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL: 3548 child = s->data_file; 3549 copy_offset += offset_into_cluster(s, src_offset); 3550 if ((copy_offset & 511) != 0) { 3551 ret = -EIO; 3552 goto out; 3553 } 3554 break; 3555 3556 default: 3557 abort(); 3558 } 3559 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 3560 ret = bdrv_co_copy_range_from(child, 3561 copy_offset, 3562 dst, dst_offset, 3563 cur_bytes, read_flags, cur_write_flags); 3564 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 3565 if (ret < 0) { 3566 goto out; 3567 } 3568 3569 bytes -= cur_bytes; 3570 src_offset += cur_bytes; 3571 dst_offset += cur_bytes; 3572 } 3573 ret = 0; 3574 3575 out: 3576 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 3577 return ret; 3578 } 3579 3580 static int coroutine_fn 3581 qcow2_co_copy_range_to(BlockDriverState *bs, 3582 BdrvChild *src, uint64_t src_offset, 3583 BdrvChild *dst, uint64_t dst_offset, 3584 uint64_t bytes, BdrvRequestFlags read_flags, 3585 BdrvRequestFlags write_flags) 3586 { 3587 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 3588 int offset_in_cluster; 3589 int ret; 3590 unsigned int cur_bytes; /* number of sectors in current iteration */ 3591 uint64_t cluster_offset; 3592 QCowL2Meta *l2meta = NULL; 3593 3594 assert(!bs->encrypted); 3595 3596 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 3597 3598 while (bytes != 0) { 3599 3600 l2meta = NULL; 3601 3602 offset_in_cluster = offset_into_cluster(s, dst_offset); 3603 cur_bytes = MIN(bytes, INT_MAX); 3604 3605 /* TODO: 3606 * If src->bs == dst->bs, we could simply copy by incrementing 3607 * the refcnt, without copying user data. 3608 * Or if src->bs == dst->bs->backing->bs, we could copy by discarding. */ 3609 ret = qcow2_alloc_cluster_offset(bs, dst_offset, &cur_bytes, 3610 &cluster_offset, &l2meta); 3611 if (ret < 0) { 3612 goto fail; 3613 } 3614 3615 assert((cluster_offset & 511) == 0); 3616 3617 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, 3618 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster, cur_bytes, true); 3619 if (ret < 0) { 3620 goto fail; 3621 } 3622 3623 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 3624 ret = bdrv_co_copy_range_to(src, src_offset, 3625 s->data_file, 3626 cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster, 3627 cur_bytes, read_flags, write_flags); 3628 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 3629 if (ret < 0) { 3630 goto fail; 3631 } 3632 3633 ret = qcow2_handle_l2meta(bs, &l2meta, true); 3634 if (ret) { 3635 goto fail; 3636 } 3637 3638 bytes -= cur_bytes; 3639 src_offset += cur_bytes; 3640 dst_offset += cur_bytes; 3641 } 3642 ret = 0; 3643 3644 fail: 3645 qcow2_handle_l2meta(bs, &l2meta, false); 3646 3647 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 3648 3649 trace_qcow2_writev_done_req(qemu_coroutine_self(), ret); 3650 3651 return ret; 3652 } 3653 3654 static int coroutine_fn qcow2_co_truncate(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset, 3655 PreallocMode prealloc, Error **errp) 3656 { 3657 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 3658 uint64_t old_length; 3659 int64_t new_l1_size; 3660 int ret; 3661 QDict *options; 3662 3663 if (prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF && prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_METADATA && 3664 prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_FALLOC && prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_FULL) 3665 { 3666 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported preallocation mode '%s'", 3667 PreallocMode_str(prealloc)); 3668 return -ENOTSUP; 3669 } 3670 3671 if (offset & 511) { 3672 error_setg(errp, "The new size must be a multiple of 512"); 3673 return -EINVAL; 3674 } 3675 3676 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 3677 3678 /* cannot proceed if image has snapshots */ 3679 if (s->nb_snapshots) { 3680 error_setg(errp, "Can't resize an image which has snapshots"); 3681 ret = -ENOTSUP; 3682 goto fail; 3683 } 3684 3685 /* cannot proceed if image has bitmaps */ 3686 if (qcow2_truncate_bitmaps_check(bs, errp)) { 3687 ret = -ENOTSUP; 3688 goto fail; 3689 } 3690 3691 old_length = bs->total_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE; 3692 new_l1_size = size_to_l1(s, offset); 3693 3694 if (offset < old_length) { 3695 int64_t last_cluster, old_file_size; 3696 if (prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF) { 3697 error_setg(errp, 3698 "Preallocation can't be used for shrinking an image"); 3699 ret = -EINVAL; 3700 goto fail; 3701 } 3702 3703 ret = qcow2_cluster_discard(bs, ROUND_UP(offset, s->cluster_size), 3704 old_length - ROUND_UP(offset, 3705 s->cluster_size), 3706 QCOW2_DISCARD_ALWAYS, true); 3707 if (ret < 0) { 3708 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to discard cropped clusters"); 3709 goto fail; 3710 } 3711 3712 ret = qcow2_shrink_l1_table(bs, new_l1_size); 3713 if (ret < 0) { 3714 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, 3715 "Failed to reduce the number of L2 tables"); 3716 goto fail; 3717 } 3718 3719 ret = qcow2_shrink_reftable(bs); 3720 if (ret < 0) { 3721 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, 3722 "Failed to discard unused refblocks"); 3723 goto fail; 3724 } 3725 3726 old_file_size = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs); 3727 if (old_file_size < 0) { 3728 error_setg_errno(errp, -old_file_size, 3729 "Failed to inquire current file length"); 3730 ret = old_file_size; 3731 goto fail; 3732 } 3733 last_cluster = qcow2_get_last_cluster(bs, old_file_size); 3734 if (last_cluster < 0) { 3735 error_setg_errno(errp, -last_cluster, 3736 "Failed to find the last cluster"); 3737 ret = last_cluster; 3738 goto fail; 3739 } 3740 if ((last_cluster + 1) * s->cluster_size < old_file_size) { 3741 Error *local_err = NULL; 3742 3743 bdrv_co_truncate(bs->file, (last_cluster + 1) * s->cluster_size, 3744 PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, &local_err); 3745 if (local_err) { 3746 warn_reportf_err(local_err, 3747 "Failed to truncate the tail of the image: "); 3748 } 3749 } 3750 } else { 3751 ret = qcow2_grow_l1_table(bs, new_l1_size, true); 3752 if (ret < 0) { 3753 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to grow the L1 table"); 3754 goto fail; 3755 } 3756 } 3757 3758 switch (prealloc) { 3759 case PREALLOC_MODE_OFF: 3760 if (has_data_file(bs)) { 3761 ret = bdrv_co_truncate(s->data_file, offset, prealloc, errp); 3762 if (ret < 0) { 3763 goto fail; 3764 } 3765 } 3766 break; 3767 3768 case PREALLOC_MODE_METADATA: 3769 ret = preallocate_co(bs, old_length, offset, prealloc, errp); 3770 if (ret < 0) { 3771 goto fail; 3772 } 3773 break; 3774 3775 case PREALLOC_MODE_FALLOC: 3776 case PREALLOC_MODE_FULL: 3777 { 3778 int64_t allocation_start, host_offset, guest_offset; 3779 int64_t clusters_allocated; 3780 int64_t old_file_size, new_file_size; 3781 uint64_t nb_new_data_clusters, nb_new_l2_tables; 3782 3783 /* With a data file, preallocation means just allocating the metadata 3784 * and forwarding the truncate request to the data file */ 3785 if (has_data_file(bs)) { 3786 ret = preallocate_co(bs, old_length, offset, prealloc, errp); 3787 if (ret < 0) { 3788 goto fail; 3789 } 3790 break; 3791 } 3792 3793 old_file_size = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs); 3794 if (old_file_size < 0) { 3795 error_setg_errno(errp, -old_file_size, 3796 "Failed to inquire current file length"); 3797 ret = old_file_size; 3798 goto fail; 3799 } 3800 old_file_size = ROUND_UP(old_file_size, s->cluster_size); 3801 3802 nb_new_data_clusters = DIV_ROUND_UP(offset - old_length, 3803 s->cluster_size); 3804 3805 /* This is an overestimation; we will not actually allocate space for 3806 * these in the file but just make sure the new refcount structures are 3807 * able to cover them so we will not have to allocate new refblocks 3808 * while entering the data blocks in the potentially new L2 tables. 3809 * (We do not actually care where the L2 tables are placed. Maybe they 3810 * are already allocated or they can be placed somewhere before 3811 * @old_file_size. It does not matter because they will be fully 3812 * allocated automatically, so they do not need to be covered by the 3813 * preallocation. All that matters is that we will not have to allocate 3814 * new refcount structures for them.) */ 3815 nb_new_l2_tables = DIV_ROUND_UP(nb_new_data_clusters, 3816 s->cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t)); 3817 /* The cluster range may not be aligned to L2 boundaries, so add one L2 3818 * table for a potential head/tail */ 3819 nb_new_l2_tables++; 3820 3821 allocation_start = qcow2_refcount_area(bs, old_file_size, 3822 nb_new_data_clusters + 3823 nb_new_l2_tables, 3824 true, 0, 0); 3825 if (allocation_start < 0) { 3826 error_setg_errno(errp, -allocation_start, 3827 "Failed to resize refcount structures"); 3828 ret = allocation_start; 3829 goto fail; 3830 } 3831 3832 clusters_allocated = qcow2_alloc_clusters_at(bs, allocation_start, 3833 nb_new_data_clusters); 3834 if (clusters_allocated < 0) { 3835 error_setg_errno(errp, -clusters_allocated, 3836 "Failed to allocate data clusters"); 3837 ret = clusters_allocated; 3838 goto fail; 3839 } 3840 3841 assert(clusters_allocated == nb_new_data_clusters); 3842 3843 /* Allocate the data area */ 3844 new_file_size = allocation_start + 3845 nb_new_data_clusters * s->cluster_size; 3846 ret = bdrv_co_truncate(bs->file, new_file_size, prealloc, errp); 3847 if (ret < 0) { 3848 error_prepend(errp, "Failed to resize underlying file: "); 3849 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, allocation_start, 3850 nb_new_data_clusters * s->cluster_size, 3851 QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER); 3852 goto fail; 3853 } 3854 3855 /* Create the necessary L2 entries */ 3856 host_offset = allocation_start; 3857 guest_offset = old_length; 3858 while (nb_new_data_clusters) { 3859 int64_t nb_clusters = MIN( 3860 nb_new_data_clusters, 3861 s->l2_slice_size - offset_to_l2_slice_index(s, guest_offset)); 3862 QCowL2Meta allocation = { 3863 .offset = guest_offset, 3864 .alloc_offset = host_offset, 3865 .nb_clusters = nb_clusters, 3866 }; 3867 qemu_co_queue_init(&allocation.dependent_requests); 3868 3869 ret = qcow2_alloc_cluster_link_l2(bs, &allocation); 3870 if (ret < 0) { 3871 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update L2 tables"); 3872 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, host_offset, 3873 nb_new_data_clusters * s->cluster_size, 3874 QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER); 3875 goto fail; 3876 } 3877 3878 guest_offset += nb_clusters * s->cluster_size; 3879 host_offset += nb_clusters * s->cluster_size; 3880 nb_new_data_clusters -= nb_clusters; 3881 } 3882 break; 3883 } 3884 3885 default: 3886 g_assert_not_reached(); 3887 } 3888 3889 if (prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF) { 3890 /* Flush metadata before actually changing the image size */ 3891 ret = qcow2_write_caches(bs); 3892 if (ret < 0) { 3893 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, 3894 "Failed to flush the preallocated area to disk"); 3895 goto fail; 3896 } 3897 } 3898 3899 bs->total_sectors = offset / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE; 3900 3901 /* write updated header.size */ 3902 offset = cpu_to_be64(offset); 3903 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, offsetof(QCowHeader, size), 3904 &offset, sizeof(uint64_t)); 3905 if (ret < 0) { 3906 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update the image size"); 3907 goto fail; 3908 } 3909 3910 s->l1_vm_state_index = new_l1_size; 3911 3912 /* Update cache sizes */ 3913 options = qdict_clone_shallow(bs->options); 3914 ret = qcow2_update_options(bs, options, s->flags, errp); 3915 qobject_unref(options); 3916 if (ret < 0) { 3917 goto fail; 3918 } 3919 ret = 0; 3920 fail: 3921 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 3922 return ret; 3923 } 3924 3925 /* 3926 * qcow2_compress() 3927 * 3928 * @dest - destination buffer, @dest_size bytes 3929 * @src - source buffer, @src_size bytes 3930 * 3931 * Returns: compressed size on success 3932 * -ENOMEM destination buffer is not enough to store compressed data 3933 * -EIO on any other error 3934 */ 3935 static ssize_t qcow2_compress(void *dest, size_t dest_size, 3936 const void *src, size_t src_size) 3937 { 3938 ssize_t ret; 3939 z_stream strm; 3940 3941 /* best compression, small window, no zlib header */ 3942 memset(&strm, 0, sizeof(strm)); 3943 ret = deflateInit2(&strm, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, Z_DEFLATED, 3944 -12, 9, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY); 3945 if (ret != Z_OK) { 3946 return -EIO; 3947 } 3948 3949 /* strm.next_in is not const in old zlib versions, such as those used on 3950 * OpenBSD/NetBSD, so cast the const away */ 3951 strm.avail_in = src_size; 3952 strm.next_in = (void *) src; 3953 strm.avail_out = dest_size; 3954 strm.next_out = dest; 3955 3956 ret = deflate(&strm, Z_FINISH); 3957 if (ret == Z_STREAM_END) { 3958 ret = dest_size - strm.avail_out; 3959 } else { 3960 ret = (ret == Z_OK ? -ENOMEM : -EIO); 3961 } 3962 3963 deflateEnd(&strm); 3964 3965 return ret; 3966 } 3967 3968 /* 3969 * qcow2_decompress() 3970 * 3971 * Decompress some data (not more than @src_size bytes) to produce exactly 3972 * @dest_size bytes. 3973 * 3974 * @dest - destination buffer, @dest_size bytes 3975 * @src - source buffer, @src_size bytes 3976 * 3977 * Returns: 0 on success 3978 * -1 on fail 3979 */ 3980 static ssize_t qcow2_decompress(void *dest, size_t dest_size, 3981 const void *src, size_t src_size) 3982 { 3983 int ret = 0; 3984 z_stream strm; 3985 3986 memset(&strm, 0, sizeof(strm)); 3987 strm.avail_in = src_size; 3988 strm.next_in = (void *) src; 3989 strm.avail_out = dest_size; 3990 strm.next_out = dest; 3991 3992 ret = inflateInit2(&strm, -12); 3993 if (ret != Z_OK) { 3994 return -1; 3995 } 3996 3997 ret = inflate(&strm, Z_FINISH); 3998 if ((ret != Z_STREAM_END && ret != Z_BUF_ERROR) || strm.avail_out != 0) { 3999 /* We approve Z_BUF_ERROR because we need @dest buffer to be filled, but 4000 * @src buffer may be processed partly (because in qcow2 we know size of 4001 * compressed data with precision of one sector) */ 4002 ret = -1; 4003 } 4004 4005 inflateEnd(&strm); 4006 4007 return ret; 4008 } 4009 4010 #define MAX_COMPRESS_THREADS 4 4011 4012 typedef ssize_t (*Qcow2CompressFunc)(void *dest, size_t dest_size, 4013 const void *src, size_t src_size); 4014 typedef struct Qcow2CompressData { 4015 void *dest; 4016 size_t dest_size; 4017 const void *src; 4018 size_t src_size; 4019 ssize_t ret; 4020 4021 Qcow2CompressFunc func; 4022 } Qcow2CompressData; 4023 4024 static int qcow2_compress_pool_func(void *opaque) 4025 { 4026 Qcow2CompressData *data = opaque; 4027 4028 data->ret = data->func(data->dest, data->dest_size, 4029 data->src, data->src_size); 4030 4031 return 0; 4032 } 4033 4034 static void qcow2_compress_complete(void *opaque, int ret) 4035 { 4036 qemu_coroutine_enter(opaque); 4037 } 4038 4039 static ssize_t coroutine_fn 4040 qcow2_co_do_compress(BlockDriverState *bs, void *dest, size_t dest_size, 4041 const void *src, size_t src_size, Qcow2CompressFunc func) 4042 { 4043 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4044 BlockAIOCB *acb; 4045 ThreadPool *pool = aio_get_thread_pool(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs)); 4046 Qcow2CompressData arg = { 4047 .dest = dest, 4048 .dest_size = dest_size, 4049 .src = src, 4050 .src_size = src_size, 4051 .func = func, 4052 }; 4053 4054 while (s->nb_compress_threads >= MAX_COMPRESS_THREADS) { 4055 qemu_co_queue_wait(&s->compress_wait_queue, NULL); 4056 } 4057 4058 s->nb_compress_threads++; 4059 acb = thread_pool_submit_aio(pool, qcow2_compress_pool_func, &arg, 4060 qcow2_compress_complete, 4061 qemu_coroutine_self()); 4062 4063 if (!acb) { 4064 s->nb_compress_threads--; 4065 return -EINVAL; 4066 } 4067 qemu_coroutine_yield(); 4068 s->nb_compress_threads--; 4069 qemu_co_queue_next(&s->compress_wait_queue); 4070 4071 return arg.ret; 4072 } 4073 4074 static ssize_t coroutine_fn 4075 qcow2_co_compress(BlockDriverState *bs, void *dest, size_t dest_size, 4076 const void *src, size_t src_size) 4077 { 4078 return qcow2_co_do_compress(bs, dest, dest_size, src, src_size, 4079 qcow2_compress); 4080 } 4081 4082 static ssize_t coroutine_fn 4083 qcow2_co_decompress(BlockDriverState *bs, void *dest, size_t dest_size, 4084 const void *src, size_t src_size) 4085 { 4086 return qcow2_co_do_compress(bs, dest, dest_size, src, src_size, 4087 qcow2_decompress); 4088 } 4089 4090 /* XXX: put compressed sectors first, then all the cluster aligned 4091 tables to avoid losing bytes in alignment */ 4092 static coroutine_fn int 4093 qcow2_co_pwritev_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, 4094 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov) 4095 { 4096 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4097 int ret; 4098 ssize_t out_len; 4099 uint8_t *buf, *out_buf; 4100 uint64_t cluster_offset; 4101 4102 if (has_data_file(bs)) { 4103 return -ENOTSUP; 4104 } 4105 4106 if (bytes == 0) { 4107 /* align end of file to a sector boundary to ease reading with 4108 sector based I/Os */ 4109 int64_t len = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs); 4110 if (len < 0) { 4111 return len; 4112 } 4113 return bdrv_co_truncate(bs->file, len, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, NULL); 4114 } 4115 4116 if (offset_into_cluster(s, offset)) { 4117 return -EINVAL; 4118 } 4119 4120 buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, s->cluster_size); 4121 if (bytes != s->cluster_size) { 4122 if (bytes > s->cluster_size || 4123 offset + bytes != bs->total_sectors << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS) 4124 { 4125 qemu_vfree(buf); 4126 return -EINVAL; 4127 } 4128 /* Zero-pad last write if image size is not cluster aligned */ 4129 memset(buf + bytes, 0, s->cluster_size - bytes); 4130 } 4131 qemu_iovec_to_buf(qiov, 0, buf, bytes); 4132 4133 out_buf = g_malloc(s->cluster_size); 4134 4135 out_len = qcow2_co_compress(bs, out_buf, s->cluster_size - 1, 4136 buf, s->cluster_size); 4137 if (out_len == -ENOMEM) { 4138 /* could not compress: write normal cluster */ 4139 ret = qcow2_co_pwritev(bs, offset, bytes, qiov, 0); 4140 if (ret < 0) { 4141 goto fail; 4142 } 4143 goto success; 4144 } else if (out_len < 0) { 4145 ret = -EINVAL; 4146 goto fail; 4147 } 4148 4149 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 4150 ret = qcow2_alloc_compressed_cluster_offset(bs, offset, out_len, 4151 &cluster_offset); 4152 if (ret < 0) { 4153 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 4154 goto fail; 4155 } 4156 4157 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, cluster_offset, out_len, true); 4158 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 4159 if (ret < 0) { 4160 goto fail; 4161 } 4162 4163 BLKDBG_EVENT(s->data_file, BLKDBG_WRITE_COMPRESSED); 4164 ret = bdrv_co_pwrite(s->data_file, cluster_offset, out_len, out_buf, 0); 4165 if (ret < 0) { 4166 goto fail; 4167 } 4168 success: 4169 ret = 0; 4170 fail: 4171 qemu_vfree(buf); 4172 g_free(out_buf); 4173 return ret; 4174 } 4175 4176 static int coroutine_fn 4177 qcow2_co_preadv_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs, 4178 uint64_t file_cluster_offset, 4179 uint64_t offset, 4180 uint64_t bytes, 4181 QEMUIOVector *qiov) 4182 { 4183 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4184 int ret = 0, csize, nb_csectors; 4185 uint64_t coffset; 4186 uint8_t *buf, *out_buf; 4187 int offset_in_cluster = offset_into_cluster(s, offset); 4188 4189 coffset = file_cluster_offset & s->cluster_offset_mask; 4190 nb_csectors = ((file_cluster_offset >> s->csize_shift) & s->csize_mask) + 1; 4191 csize = nb_csectors * 512 - (coffset & 511); 4192 4193 buf = g_try_malloc(csize); 4194 if (!buf) { 4195 return -ENOMEM; 4196 } 4197 4198 out_buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, s->cluster_size); 4199 4200 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_READ_COMPRESSED); 4201 ret = bdrv_co_pread(bs->file, coffset, csize, buf, 0); 4202 if (ret < 0) { 4203 goto fail; 4204 } 4205 4206 if (qcow2_co_decompress(bs, out_buf, s->cluster_size, buf, csize) < 0) { 4207 ret = -EIO; 4208 goto fail; 4209 } 4210 4211 qemu_iovec_from_buf(qiov, 0, out_buf + offset_in_cluster, bytes); 4212 4213 fail: 4214 qemu_vfree(out_buf); 4215 g_free(buf); 4216 4217 return ret; 4218 } 4219 4220 static int make_completely_empty(BlockDriverState *bs) 4221 { 4222 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4223 Error *local_err = NULL; 4224 int ret, l1_clusters; 4225 int64_t offset; 4226 uint64_t *new_reftable = NULL; 4227 uint64_t rt_entry, l1_size2; 4228 struct { 4229 uint64_t l1_offset; 4230 uint64_t reftable_offset; 4231 uint32_t reftable_clusters; 4232 } QEMU_PACKED l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls; 4233 4234 ret = qcow2_cache_empty(bs, s->l2_table_cache); 4235 if (ret < 0) { 4236 goto fail; 4237 } 4238 4239 ret = qcow2_cache_empty(bs, s->refcount_block_cache); 4240 if (ret < 0) { 4241 goto fail; 4242 } 4243 4244 /* Refcounts will be broken utterly */ 4245 ret = qcow2_mark_dirty(bs); 4246 if (ret < 0) { 4247 goto fail; 4248 } 4249 4250 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_L1_UPDATE); 4251 4252 l1_clusters = DIV_ROUND_UP(s->l1_size, s->cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t)); 4253 l1_size2 = (uint64_t)s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t); 4254 4255 /* After this call, neither the in-memory nor the on-disk refcount 4256 * information accurately describe the actual references */ 4257 4258 ret = bdrv_pwrite_zeroes(bs->file, s->l1_table_offset, 4259 l1_clusters * s->cluster_size, 0); 4260 if (ret < 0) { 4261 goto fail_broken_refcounts; 4262 } 4263 memset(s->l1_table, 0, l1_size2); 4264 4265 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_EMPTY_IMAGE_PREPARE); 4266 4267 /* Overwrite enough clusters at the beginning of the sectors to place 4268 * the refcount table, a refcount block and the L1 table in; this may 4269 * overwrite parts of the existing refcount and L1 table, which is not 4270 * an issue because the dirty flag is set, complete data loss is in fact 4271 * desired and partial data loss is consequently fine as well */ 4272 ret = bdrv_pwrite_zeroes(bs->file, s->cluster_size, 4273 (2 + l1_clusters) * s->cluster_size, 0); 4274 /* This call (even if it failed overall) may have overwritten on-disk 4275 * refcount structures; in that case, the in-memory refcount information 4276 * will probably differ from the on-disk information which makes the BDS 4277 * unusable */ 4278 if (ret < 0) { 4279 goto fail_broken_refcounts; 4280 } 4281 4282 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_L1_UPDATE); 4283 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFTABLE_UPDATE); 4284 4285 /* "Create" an empty reftable (one cluster) directly after the image 4286 * header and an empty L1 table three clusters after the image header; 4287 * the cluster between those two will be used as the first refblock */ 4288 l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls.l1_offset = cpu_to_be64(3 * s->cluster_size); 4289 l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls.reftable_offset = cpu_to_be64(s->cluster_size); 4290 l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls.reftable_clusters = cpu_to_be32(1); 4291 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, offsetof(QCowHeader, l1_table_offset), 4292 &l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls, sizeof(l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls)); 4293 if (ret < 0) { 4294 goto fail_broken_refcounts; 4295 } 4296 4297 s->l1_table_offset = 3 * s->cluster_size; 4298 4299 new_reftable = g_try_new0(uint64_t, s->cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t)); 4300 if (!new_reftable) { 4301 ret = -ENOMEM; 4302 goto fail_broken_refcounts; 4303 } 4304 4305 s->refcount_table_offset = s->cluster_size; 4306 s->refcount_table_size = s->cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t); 4307 s->max_refcount_table_index = 0; 4308 4309 g_free(s->refcount_table); 4310 s->refcount_table = new_reftable; 4311 new_reftable = NULL; 4312 4313 /* Now the in-memory refcount information again corresponds to the on-disk 4314 * information (reftable is empty and no refblocks (the refblock cache is 4315 * empty)); however, this means some clusters (e.g. the image header) are 4316 * referenced, but not refcounted, but the normal qcow2 code assumes that 4317 * the in-memory information is always correct */ 4318 4319 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC); 4320 4321 /* Enter the first refblock into the reftable */ 4322 rt_entry = cpu_to_be64(2 * s->cluster_size); 4323 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, s->cluster_size, 4324 &rt_entry, sizeof(rt_entry)); 4325 if (ret < 0) { 4326 goto fail_broken_refcounts; 4327 } 4328 s->refcount_table[0] = 2 * s->cluster_size; 4329 4330 s->free_cluster_index = 0; 4331 assert(3 + l1_clusters <= s->refcount_block_size); 4332 offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, 3 * s->cluster_size + l1_size2); 4333 if (offset < 0) { 4334 ret = offset; 4335 goto fail_broken_refcounts; 4336 } else if (offset > 0) { 4337 error_report("First cluster in emptied image is in use"); 4338 abort(); 4339 } 4340 4341 /* Now finally the in-memory information corresponds to the on-disk 4342 * structures and is correct */ 4343 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(bs); 4344 if (ret < 0) { 4345 goto fail; 4346 } 4347 4348 ret = bdrv_truncate(bs->file, (3 + l1_clusters) * s->cluster_size, 4349 PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, &local_err); 4350 if (ret < 0) { 4351 error_report_err(local_err); 4352 goto fail; 4353 } 4354 4355 return 0; 4356 4357 fail_broken_refcounts: 4358 /* The BDS is unusable at this point. If we wanted to make it usable, we 4359 * would have to call qcow2_refcount_close(), qcow2_refcount_init(), 4360 * qcow2_check_refcounts(), qcow2_refcount_close() and qcow2_refcount_init() 4361 * again. However, because the functions which could have caused this error 4362 * path to be taken are used by those functions as well, it's very likely 4363 * that that sequence will fail as well. Therefore, just eject the BDS. */ 4364 bs->drv = NULL; 4365 4366 fail: 4367 g_free(new_reftable); 4368 return ret; 4369 } 4370 4371 static int qcow2_make_empty(BlockDriverState *bs) 4372 { 4373 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4374 uint64_t offset, end_offset; 4375 int step = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(INT_MAX, s->cluster_size); 4376 int l1_clusters, ret = 0; 4377 4378 l1_clusters = DIV_ROUND_UP(s->l1_size, s->cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t)); 4379 4380 if (s->qcow_version >= 3 && !s->snapshots && !s->nb_bitmaps && 4381 3 + l1_clusters <= s->refcount_block_size && 4382 s->crypt_method_header != QCOW_CRYPT_LUKS && 4383 !has_data_file(bs)) { 4384 /* The following function only works for qcow2 v3 images (it 4385 * requires the dirty flag) and only as long as there are no 4386 * features that reserve extra clusters (such as snapshots, 4387 * LUKS header, or persistent bitmaps), because it completely 4388 * empties the image. Furthermore, the L1 table and three 4389 * additional clusters (image header, refcount table, one 4390 * refcount block) have to fit inside one refcount block. It 4391 * only resets the image file, i.e. does not work with an 4392 * external data file. */ 4393 return make_completely_empty(bs); 4394 } 4395 4396 /* This fallback code simply discards every active cluster; this is slow, 4397 * but works in all cases */ 4398 end_offset = bs->total_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE; 4399 for (offset = 0; offset < end_offset; offset += step) { 4400 /* As this function is generally used after committing an external 4401 * snapshot, QCOW2_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT seems appropriate. Also, the 4402 * default action for this kind of discard is to pass the discard, 4403 * which will ideally result in an actually smaller image file, as 4404 * is probably desired. */ 4405 ret = qcow2_cluster_discard(bs, offset, MIN(step, end_offset - offset), 4406 QCOW2_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT, true); 4407 if (ret < 0) { 4408 break; 4409 } 4410 } 4411 4412 return ret; 4413 } 4414 4415 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_co_flush_to_os(BlockDriverState *bs) 4416 { 4417 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4418 int ret; 4419 4420 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock); 4421 ret = qcow2_write_caches(bs); 4422 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock); 4423 4424 return ret; 4425 } 4426 4427 static ssize_t qcow2_measure_crypto_hdr_init_func(QCryptoBlock *block, 4428 size_t headerlen, void *opaque, Error **errp) 4429 { 4430 size_t *headerlenp = opaque; 4431 4432 /* Stash away the payload size */ 4433 *headerlenp = headerlen; 4434 return 0; 4435 } 4436 4437 static ssize_t qcow2_measure_crypto_hdr_write_func(QCryptoBlock *block, 4438 size_t offset, const uint8_t *buf, size_t buflen, 4439 void *opaque, Error **errp) 4440 { 4441 /* Discard the bytes, we're not actually writing to an image */ 4442 return buflen; 4443 } 4444 4445 /* Determine the number of bytes for the LUKS payload */ 4446 static bool qcow2_measure_luks_headerlen(QemuOpts *opts, size_t *len, 4447 Error **errp) 4448 { 4449 QDict *opts_qdict; 4450 QDict *cryptoopts_qdict; 4451 QCryptoBlockCreateOptions *cryptoopts; 4452 QCryptoBlock *crypto; 4453 4454 /* Extract "encrypt." options into a qdict */ 4455 opts_qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL); 4456 qdict_extract_subqdict(opts_qdict, &cryptoopts_qdict, "encrypt."); 4457 qobject_unref(opts_qdict); 4458 4459 /* Build QCryptoBlockCreateOptions object from qdict */ 4460 qdict_put_str(cryptoopts_qdict, "format", "luks"); 4461 cryptoopts = block_crypto_create_opts_init(cryptoopts_qdict, errp); 4462 qobject_unref(cryptoopts_qdict); 4463 if (!cryptoopts) { 4464 return false; 4465 } 4466 4467 /* Fake LUKS creation in order to determine the payload size */ 4468 crypto = qcrypto_block_create(cryptoopts, "encrypt.", 4469 qcow2_measure_crypto_hdr_init_func, 4470 qcow2_measure_crypto_hdr_write_func, 4471 len, errp); 4472 qapi_free_QCryptoBlockCreateOptions(cryptoopts); 4473 if (!crypto) { 4474 return false; 4475 } 4476 4477 qcrypto_block_free(crypto); 4478 return true; 4479 } 4480 4481 static BlockMeasureInfo *qcow2_measure(QemuOpts *opts, BlockDriverState *in_bs, 4482 Error **errp) 4483 { 4484 Error *local_err = NULL; 4485 BlockMeasureInfo *info; 4486 uint64_t required = 0; /* bytes that contribute to required size */ 4487 uint64_t virtual_size; /* disk size as seen by guest */ 4488 uint64_t refcount_bits; 4489 uint64_t l2_tables; 4490 uint64_t luks_payload_size = 0; 4491 size_t cluster_size; 4492 int version; 4493 char *optstr; 4494 PreallocMode prealloc; 4495 bool has_backing_file; 4496 bool has_luks; 4497 4498 /* Parse image creation options */ 4499 cluster_size = qcow2_opt_get_cluster_size_del(opts, &local_err); 4500 if (local_err) { 4501 goto err; 4502 } 4503 4504 version = qcow2_opt_get_version_del(opts, &local_err); 4505 if (local_err) { 4506 goto err; 4507 } 4508 4509 refcount_bits = qcow2_opt_get_refcount_bits_del(opts, version, &local_err); 4510 if (local_err) { 4511 goto err; 4512 } 4513 4514 optstr = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC); 4515 prealloc = qapi_enum_parse(&PreallocMode_lookup, optstr, 4516 PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, &local_err); 4517 g_free(optstr); 4518 if (local_err) { 4519 goto err; 4520 } 4521 4522 optstr = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE); 4523 has_backing_file = !!optstr; 4524 g_free(optstr); 4525 4526 optstr = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT); 4527 has_luks = optstr && strcmp(optstr, "luks") == 0; 4528 g_free(optstr); 4529 4530 if (has_luks) { 4531 size_t headerlen; 4532 4533 if (!qcow2_measure_luks_headerlen(opts, &headerlen, &local_err)) { 4534 goto err; 4535 } 4536 4537 luks_payload_size = ROUND_UP(headerlen, cluster_size); 4538 } 4539 4540 virtual_size = qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0); 4541 virtual_size = ROUND_UP(virtual_size, cluster_size); 4542 4543 /* Check that virtual disk size is valid */ 4544 l2_tables = DIV_ROUND_UP(virtual_size / cluster_size, 4545 cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t)); 4546 if (l2_tables * sizeof(uint64_t) > QCOW_MAX_L1_SIZE) { 4547 error_setg(&local_err, "The image size is too large " 4548 "(try using a larger cluster size)"); 4549 goto err; 4550 } 4551 4552 /* Account for input image */ 4553 if (in_bs) { 4554 int64_t ssize = bdrv_getlength(in_bs); 4555 if (ssize < 0) { 4556 error_setg_errno(&local_err, -ssize, 4557 "Unable to get image virtual_size"); 4558 goto err; 4559 } 4560 4561 virtual_size = ROUND_UP(ssize, cluster_size); 4562 4563 if (has_backing_file) { 4564 /* We don't how much of the backing chain is shared by the input 4565 * image and the new image file. In the worst case the new image's 4566 * backing file has nothing in common with the input image. Be 4567 * conservative and assume all clusters need to be written. 4568 */ 4569 required = virtual_size; 4570 } else { 4571 int64_t offset; 4572 int64_t pnum = 0; 4573 4574 for (offset = 0; offset < ssize; offset += pnum) { 4575 int ret; 4576 4577 ret = bdrv_block_status_above(in_bs, NULL, offset, 4578 ssize - offset, &pnum, NULL, 4579 NULL); 4580 if (ret < 0) { 4581 error_setg_errno(&local_err, -ret, 4582 "Unable to get block status"); 4583 goto err; 4584 } 4585 4586 if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) { 4587 /* Skip zero regions (safe with no backing file) */ 4588 } else if ((ret & (BDRV_BLOCK_DATA | BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED)) == 4589 (BDRV_BLOCK_DATA | BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED)) { 4590 /* Extend pnum to end of cluster for next iteration */ 4591 pnum = ROUND_UP(offset + pnum, cluster_size) - offset; 4592 4593 /* Count clusters we've seen */ 4594 required += offset % cluster_size + pnum; 4595 } 4596 } 4597 } 4598 } 4599 4600 /* Take into account preallocation. Nothing special is needed for 4601 * PREALLOC_MODE_METADATA since metadata is always counted. 4602 */ 4603 if (prealloc == PREALLOC_MODE_FULL || prealloc == PREALLOC_MODE_FALLOC) { 4604 required = virtual_size; 4605 } 4606 4607 info = g_new(BlockMeasureInfo, 1); 4608 info->fully_allocated = 4609 qcow2_calc_prealloc_size(virtual_size, cluster_size, 4610 ctz32(refcount_bits)) + luks_payload_size; 4611 4612 /* Remove data clusters that are not required. This overestimates the 4613 * required size because metadata needed for the fully allocated file is 4614 * still counted. 4615 */ 4616 info->required = info->fully_allocated - virtual_size + required; 4617 return info; 4618 4619 err: 4620 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 4621 return NULL; 4622 } 4623 4624 static int qcow2_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi) 4625 { 4626 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4627 bdi->unallocated_blocks_are_zero = true; 4628 bdi->cluster_size = s->cluster_size; 4629 bdi->vm_state_offset = qcow2_vm_state_offset(s); 4630 return 0; 4631 } 4632 4633 static ImageInfoSpecific *qcow2_get_specific_info(BlockDriverState *bs, 4634 Error **errp) 4635 { 4636 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4637 ImageInfoSpecific *spec_info; 4638 QCryptoBlockInfo *encrypt_info = NULL; 4639 Error *local_err = NULL; 4640 4641 if (s->crypto != NULL) { 4642 encrypt_info = qcrypto_block_get_info(s->crypto, &local_err); 4643 if (local_err) { 4644 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 4645 return NULL; 4646 } 4647 } 4648 4649 spec_info = g_new(ImageInfoSpecific, 1); 4650 *spec_info = (ImageInfoSpecific){ 4651 .type = IMAGE_INFO_SPECIFIC_KIND_QCOW2, 4652 .u.qcow2.data = g_new0(ImageInfoSpecificQCow2, 1), 4653 }; 4654 if (s->qcow_version == 2) { 4655 *spec_info->u.qcow2.data = (ImageInfoSpecificQCow2){ 4656 .compat = g_strdup("0.10"), 4657 .refcount_bits = s->refcount_bits, 4658 }; 4659 } else if (s->qcow_version == 3) { 4660 Qcow2BitmapInfoList *bitmaps; 4661 bitmaps = qcow2_get_bitmap_info_list(bs, &local_err); 4662 if (local_err) { 4663 error_propagate(errp, local_err); 4664 qapi_free_ImageInfoSpecific(spec_info); 4665 return NULL; 4666 } 4667 *spec_info->u.qcow2.data = (ImageInfoSpecificQCow2){ 4668 .compat = g_strdup("1.1"), 4669 .lazy_refcounts = s->compatible_features & 4670 QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS, 4671 .has_lazy_refcounts = true, 4672 .corrupt = s->incompatible_features & 4673 QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT, 4674 .has_corrupt = true, 4675 .refcount_bits = s->refcount_bits, 4676 .has_bitmaps = !!bitmaps, 4677 .bitmaps = bitmaps, 4678 .has_data_file = !!s->image_data_file, 4679 .data_file = g_strdup(s->image_data_file), 4680 .has_data_file_raw = has_data_file(bs), 4681 .data_file_raw = data_file_is_raw(bs), 4682 }; 4683 } else { 4684 /* if this assertion fails, this probably means a new version was 4685 * added without having it covered here */ 4686 assert(false); 4687 } 4688 4689 if (encrypt_info) { 4690 ImageInfoSpecificQCow2Encryption *qencrypt = 4691 g_new(ImageInfoSpecificQCow2Encryption, 1); 4692 switch (encrypt_info->format) { 4693 case Q_CRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_QCOW: 4694 qencrypt->format = BLOCKDEV_QCOW2_ENCRYPTION_FORMAT_AES; 4695 break; 4696 case Q_CRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_LUKS: 4697 qencrypt->format = BLOCKDEV_QCOW2_ENCRYPTION_FORMAT_LUKS; 4698 qencrypt->u.luks = encrypt_info->u.luks; 4699 break; 4700 default: 4701 abort(); 4702 } 4703 /* Since we did shallow copy above, erase any pointers 4704 * in the original info */ 4705 memset(&encrypt_info->u, 0, sizeof(encrypt_info->u)); 4706 qapi_free_QCryptoBlockInfo(encrypt_info); 4707 4708 spec_info->u.qcow2.data->has_encrypt = true; 4709 spec_info->u.qcow2.data->encrypt = qencrypt; 4710 } 4711 4712 return spec_info; 4713 } 4714 4715 static int qcow2_save_vmstate(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov, 4716 int64_t pos) 4717 { 4718 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4719 4720 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_VMSTATE_SAVE); 4721 return bs->drv->bdrv_co_pwritev(bs, qcow2_vm_state_offset(s) + pos, 4722 qiov->size, qiov, 0); 4723 } 4724 4725 static int qcow2_load_vmstate(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov, 4726 int64_t pos) 4727 { 4728 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4729 4730 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_VMSTATE_LOAD); 4731 return bs->drv->bdrv_co_preadv(bs, qcow2_vm_state_offset(s) + pos, 4732 qiov->size, qiov, 0); 4733 } 4734 4735 /* 4736 * Downgrades an image's version. To achieve this, any incompatible features 4737 * have to be removed. 4738 */ 4739 static int qcow2_downgrade(BlockDriverState *bs, int target_version, 4740 BlockDriverAmendStatusCB *status_cb, void *cb_opaque, 4741 Error **errp) 4742 { 4743 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4744 int current_version = s->qcow_version; 4745 int ret; 4746 4747 /* This is qcow2_downgrade(), not qcow2_upgrade() */ 4748 assert(target_version < current_version); 4749 4750 /* There are no other versions (now) that you can downgrade to */ 4751 assert(target_version == 2); 4752 4753 if (s->refcount_order != 4) { 4754 error_setg(errp, "compat=0.10 requires refcount_bits=16"); 4755 return -ENOTSUP; 4756 } 4757 4758 if (has_data_file(bs)) { 4759 error_setg(errp, "Cannot downgrade an image with a data file"); 4760 return -ENOTSUP; 4761 } 4762 4763 /* clear incompatible features */ 4764 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY) { 4765 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(bs); 4766 if (ret < 0) { 4767 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to make the image clean"); 4768 return ret; 4769 } 4770 } 4771 4772 /* with QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT, it is pretty much impossible to get here in 4773 * the first place; if that happens nonetheless, returning -ENOTSUP is the 4774 * best thing to do anyway */ 4775 4776 if (s->incompatible_features) { 4777 error_setg(errp, "Cannot downgrade an image with incompatible features " 4778 "%#" PRIx64 " set", s->incompatible_features); 4779 return -ENOTSUP; 4780 } 4781 4782 /* since we can ignore compatible features, we can set them to 0 as well */ 4783 s->compatible_features = 0; 4784 /* if lazy refcounts have been used, they have already been fixed through 4785 * clearing the dirty flag */ 4786 4787 /* clearing autoclear features is trivial */ 4788 s->autoclear_features = 0; 4789 4790 ret = qcow2_expand_zero_clusters(bs, status_cb, cb_opaque); 4791 if (ret < 0) { 4792 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to turn zero into data clusters"); 4793 return ret; 4794 } 4795 4796 s->qcow_version = target_version; 4797 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs); 4798 if (ret < 0) { 4799 s->qcow_version = current_version; 4800 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update the image header"); 4801 return ret; 4802 } 4803 return 0; 4804 } 4805 4806 typedef enum Qcow2AmendOperation { 4807 /* This is the value Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo::last_operation will be 4808 * statically initialized to so that the helper CB can discern the first 4809 * invocation from an operation change */ 4810 QCOW2_NO_OPERATION = 0, 4811 4812 QCOW2_CHANGING_REFCOUNT_ORDER, 4813 QCOW2_DOWNGRADING, 4814 } Qcow2AmendOperation; 4815 4816 typedef struct Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo { 4817 /* The code coordinating the amend operations should only modify 4818 * these four fields; the rest will be managed by the CB */ 4819 BlockDriverAmendStatusCB *original_status_cb; 4820 void *original_cb_opaque; 4821 4822 Qcow2AmendOperation current_operation; 4823 4824 /* Total number of operations to perform (only set once) */ 4825 int total_operations; 4826 4827 /* The following fields are managed by the CB */ 4828 4829 /* Number of operations completed */ 4830 int operations_completed; 4831 4832 /* Cumulative offset of all completed operations */ 4833 int64_t offset_completed; 4834 4835 Qcow2AmendOperation last_operation; 4836 int64_t last_work_size; 4837 } Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo; 4838 4839 static void qcow2_amend_helper_cb(BlockDriverState *bs, 4840 int64_t operation_offset, 4841 int64_t operation_work_size, void *opaque) 4842 { 4843 Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo *info = opaque; 4844 int64_t current_work_size; 4845 int64_t projected_work_size; 4846 4847 if (info->current_operation != info->last_operation) { 4848 if (info->last_operation != QCOW2_NO_OPERATION) { 4849 info->offset_completed += info->last_work_size; 4850 info->operations_completed++; 4851 } 4852 4853 info->last_operation = info->current_operation; 4854 } 4855 4856 assert(info->total_operations > 0); 4857 assert(info->operations_completed < info->total_operations); 4858 4859 info->last_work_size = operation_work_size; 4860 4861 current_work_size = info->offset_completed + operation_work_size; 4862 4863 /* current_work_size is the total work size for (operations_completed + 1) 4864 * operations (which includes this one), so multiply it by the number of 4865 * operations not covered and divide it by the number of operations 4866 * covered to get a projection for the operations not covered */ 4867 projected_work_size = current_work_size * (info->total_operations - 4868 info->operations_completed - 1) 4869 / (info->operations_completed + 1); 4870 4871 info->original_status_cb(bs, info->offset_completed + operation_offset, 4872 current_work_size + projected_work_size, 4873 info->original_cb_opaque); 4874 } 4875 4876 static int qcow2_amend_options(BlockDriverState *bs, QemuOpts *opts, 4877 BlockDriverAmendStatusCB *status_cb, 4878 void *cb_opaque, 4879 Error **errp) 4880 { 4881 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 4882 int old_version = s->qcow_version, new_version = old_version; 4883 uint64_t new_size = 0; 4884 const char *backing_file = NULL, *backing_format = NULL, *data_file = NULL; 4885 bool lazy_refcounts = s->use_lazy_refcounts; 4886 bool data_file_raw = data_file_is_raw(bs); 4887 const char *compat = NULL; 4888 uint64_t cluster_size = s->cluster_size; 4889 bool encrypt; 4890 int encformat; 4891 int refcount_bits = s->refcount_bits; 4892 int ret; 4893 QemuOptDesc *desc = opts->list->desc; 4894 Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo helper_cb_info; 4895 4896 while (desc && desc->name) { 4897 if (!qemu_opt_find(opts, desc->name)) { 4898 /* only change explicitly defined options */ 4899 desc++; 4900 continue; 4901 } 4902 4903 if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL)) { 4904 compat = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL); 4905 if (!compat) { 4906 /* preserve default */ 4907 } else if (!strcmp(compat, "0.10")) { 4908 new_version = 2; 4909 } else if (!strcmp(compat, "1.1")) { 4910 new_version = 3; 4911 } else { 4912 error_setg(errp, "Unknown compatibility level %s", compat); 4913 return -EINVAL; 4914 } 4915 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC)) { 4916 error_setg(errp, "Cannot change preallocation mode"); 4917 return -ENOTSUP; 4918 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE)) { 4919 new_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0); 4920 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE)) { 4921 backing_file = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE); 4922 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT)) { 4923 backing_format = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT); 4924 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT)) { 4925 encrypt = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, 4926 !!s->crypto); 4927 4928 if (encrypt != !!s->crypto) { 4929 error_setg(errp, 4930 "Changing the encryption flag is not supported"); 4931 return -ENOTSUP; 4932 } 4933 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT)) { 4934 encformat = qcow2_crypt_method_from_format( 4935 qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT)); 4936 4937 if (encformat != s->crypt_method_header) { 4938 error_setg(errp, 4939 "Changing the encryption format is not supported"); 4940 return -ENOTSUP; 4941 } 4942 } else if (g_str_has_prefix(desc->name, "encrypt.")) { 4943 error_setg(errp, 4944 "Changing the encryption parameters is not supported"); 4945 return -ENOTSUP; 4946 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE)) { 4947 cluster_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE, 4948 cluster_size); 4949 if (cluster_size != s->cluster_size) { 4950 error_setg(errp, "Changing the cluster size is not supported"); 4951 return -ENOTSUP; 4952 } 4953 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS)) { 4954 lazy_refcounts = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS, 4955 lazy_refcounts); 4956 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_REFCOUNT_BITS)) { 4957 refcount_bits = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_REFCOUNT_BITS, 4958 refcount_bits); 4959 4960 if (refcount_bits <= 0 || refcount_bits > 64 || 4961 !is_power_of_2(refcount_bits)) 4962 { 4963 error_setg(errp, "Refcount width must be a power of two and " 4964 "may not exceed 64 bits"); 4965 return -EINVAL; 4966 } 4967 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_DATA_FILE)) { 4968 data_file = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_DATA_FILE); 4969 if (data_file && !has_data_file(bs)) { 4970 error_setg(errp, "data-file can only be set for images that " 4971 "use an external data file"); 4972 return -EINVAL; 4973 } 4974 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_DATA_FILE_RAW)) { 4975 data_file_raw = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_DATA_FILE_RAW, 4976 data_file_raw); 4977 if (data_file_raw && !data_file_is_raw(bs)) { 4978 error_setg(errp, "data-file-raw cannot be set on existing " 4979 "images"); 4980 return -EINVAL; 4981 } 4982 } else { 4983 /* if this point is reached, this probably means a new option was 4984 * added without having it covered here */ 4985 abort(); 4986 } 4987 4988 desc++; 4989 } 4990 4991 helper_cb_info = (Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo){ 4992 .original_status_cb = status_cb, 4993 .original_cb_opaque = cb_opaque, 4994 .total_operations = (new_version < old_version) 4995 + (s->refcount_bits != refcount_bits) 4996 }; 4997 4998 /* Upgrade first (some features may require compat=1.1) */ 4999 if (new_version > old_version) { 5000 s->qcow_version = new_version; 5001 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs); 5002 if (ret < 0) { 5003 s->qcow_version = old_version; 5004 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update the image header"); 5005 return ret; 5006 } 5007 } 5008 5009 if (s->refcount_bits != refcount_bits) { 5010 int refcount_order = ctz32(refcount_bits); 5011 5012 if (new_version < 3 && refcount_bits != 16) { 5013 error_setg(errp, "Refcount widths other than 16 bits require " 5014 "compatibility level 1.1 or above (use compat=1.1 or " 5015 "greater)"); 5016 return -EINVAL; 5017 } 5018 5019 helper_cb_info.current_operation = QCOW2_CHANGING_REFCOUNT_ORDER; 5020 ret = qcow2_change_refcount_order(bs, refcount_order, 5021 &qcow2_amend_helper_cb, 5022 &helper_cb_info, errp); 5023 if (ret < 0) { 5024 return ret; 5025 } 5026 } 5027 5028 /* data-file-raw blocks backing files, so clear it first if requested */ 5029 if (data_file_raw) { 5030 s->autoclear_features |= QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_DATA_FILE_RAW; 5031 } else { 5032 s->autoclear_features &= ~QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_DATA_FILE_RAW; 5033 } 5034 5035 if (data_file) { 5036 g_free(s->image_data_file); 5037 s->image_data_file = *data_file ? g_strdup(data_file) : NULL; 5038 } 5039 5040 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs); 5041 if (ret < 0) { 5042 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update the image header"); 5043 return ret; 5044 } 5045 5046 if (backing_file || backing_format) { 5047 ret = qcow2_change_backing_file(bs, 5048 backing_file ?: s->image_backing_file, 5049 backing_format ?: s->image_backing_format); 5050 if (ret < 0) { 5051 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to change the backing file"); 5052 return ret; 5053 } 5054 } 5055 5056 if (s->use_lazy_refcounts != lazy_refcounts) { 5057 if (lazy_refcounts) { 5058 if (new_version < 3) { 5059 error_setg(errp, "Lazy refcounts only supported with " 5060 "compatibility level 1.1 and above (use compat=1.1 " 5061 "or greater)"); 5062 return -EINVAL; 5063 } 5064 s->compatible_features |= QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS; 5065 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs); 5066 if (ret < 0) { 5067 s->compatible_features &= ~QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS; 5068 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update the image header"); 5069 return ret; 5070 } 5071 s->use_lazy_refcounts = true; 5072 } else { 5073 /* make image clean first */ 5074 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(bs); 5075 if (ret < 0) { 5076 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to make the image clean"); 5077 return ret; 5078 } 5079 /* now disallow lazy refcounts */ 5080 s->compatible_features &= ~QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS; 5081 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs); 5082 if (ret < 0) { 5083 s->compatible_features |= QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS; 5084 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update the image header"); 5085 return ret; 5086 } 5087 s->use_lazy_refcounts = false; 5088 } 5089 } 5090 5091 if (new_size) { 5092 BlockBackend *blk = blk_new(BLK_PERM_RESIZE, BLK_PERM_ALL); 5093 ret = blk_insert_bs(blk, bs, errp); 5094 if (ret < 0) { 5095 blk_unref(blk); 5096 return ret; 5097 } 5098 5099 ret = blk_truncate(blk, new_size, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, errp); 5100 blk_unref(blk); 5101 if (ret < 0) { 5102 return ret; 5103 } 5104 } 5105 5106 /* Downgrade last (so unsupported features can be removed before) */ 5107 if (new_version < old_version) { 5108 helper_cb_info.current_operation = QCOW2_DOWNGRADING; 5109 ret = qcow2_downgrade(bs, new_version, &qcow2_amend_helper_cb, 5110 &helper_cb_info, errp); 5111 if (ret < 0) { 5112 return ret; 5113 } 5114 } 5115 5116 return 0; 5117 } 5118 5119 /* 5120 * If offset or size are negative, respectively, they will not be included in 5121 * the BLOCK_IMAGE_CORRUPTED event emitted. 5122 * fatal will be ignored for read-only BDS; corruptions found there will always 5123 * be considered non-fatal. 5124 */ 5125 void qcow2_signal_corruption(BlockDriverState *bs, bool fatal, int64_t offset, 5126 int64_t size, const char *message_format, ...) 5127 { 5128 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque; 5129 const char *node_name; 5130 char *message; 5131 va_list ap; 5132 5133 fatal = fatal && bdrv_is_writable(bs); 5134 5135 if (s->signaled_corruption && 5136 (!fatal || (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT))) 5137 { 5138 return; 5139 } 5140 5141 va_start(ap, message_format); 5142 message = g_strdup_vprintf(message_format, ap); 5143 va_end(ap); 5144 5145 if (fatal) { 5146 fprintf(stderr, "qcow2: Marking image as corrupt: %s; further " 5147 "corruption events will be suppressed\n", message); 5148 } else { 5149 fprintf(stderr, "qcow2: Image is corrupt: %s; further non-fatal " 5150 "corruption events will be suppressed\n", message); 5151 } 5152 5153 node_name = bdrv_get_node_name(bs); 5154 qapi_event_send_block_image_corrupted(bdrv_get_device_name(bs), 5155 *node_name != '\0', node_name, 5156 message, offset >= 0, offset, 5157 size >= 0, size, 5158 fatal); 5159 g_free(message); 5160 5161 if (fatal) { 5162 qcow2_mark_corrupt(bs); 5163 bs->drv = NULL; /* make BDS unusable */ 5164 } 5165 5166 s->signaled_corruption = true; 5167 } 5168 5169 static QemuOptsList qcow2_create_opts = { 5170 .name = "qcow2-create-opts", 5171 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qcow2_create_opts.head), 5172 .desc = { 5173 { 5174 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 5175 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE, 5176 .help = "Virtual disk size" 5177 }, 5178 { 5179 .name = BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL, 5180 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, 5181 .help = "Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)" 5182 }, 5183 { 5184 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE, 5185 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, 5186 .help = "File name of a base image" 5187 }, 5188 { 5189 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT, 5190 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, 5191 .help = "Image format of the base image" 5192 }, 5193 { 5194 .name = BLOCK_OPT_DATA_FILE, 5195 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, 5196 .help = "File name of an external data file" 5197 }, 5198 { 5199 .name = BLOCK_OPT_DATA_FILE_RAW, 5200 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 5201 .help = "The external data file must stay valid as a raw image" 5202 }, 5203 { 5204 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, 5205 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 5206 .help = "Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated " 5207 "in favor of " BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT "=aes)", 5208 }, 5209 { 5210 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT, 5211 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, 5212 .help = "Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'", 5213 }, 5214 BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_KEY_SECRET("encrypt.", 5215 "ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase"), 5216 BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_CIPHER_ALG("encrypt."), 5217 BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_CIPHER_MODE("encrypt."), 5218 BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_IVGEN_ALG("encrypt."), 5219 BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_IVGEN_HASH_ALG("encrypt."), 5220 BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_HASH_ALG("encrypt."), 5221 BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_LUKS_ITER_TIME("encrypt."), 5222 { 5223 .name = BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE, 5224 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE, 5225 .help = "qcow2 cluster size", 5226 .def_value_str = stringify(DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE) 5227 }, 5228 { 5229 .name = BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC, 5230 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, 5231 .help = "Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, " 5232 "falloc, full)" 5233 }, 5234 { 5235 .name = BLOCK_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS, 5236 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, 5237 .help = "Postpone refcount updates", 5238 .def_value_str = "off" 5239 }, 5240 { 5241 .name = BLOCK_OPT_REFCOUNT_BITS, 5242 .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, 5243 .help = "Width of a reference count entry in bits", 5244 .def_value_str = "16" 5245 }, 5246 { /* end of list */ } 5247 } 5248 }; 5249 5250 static const char *const qcow2_strong_runtime_opts[] = { 5251 "encrypt." BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_QCOW_KEY_SECRET, 5252 5253 NULL 5254 }; 5255 5256 BlockDriver bdrv_qcow2 = { 5257 .format_name = "qcow2", 5258 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVQcow2State), 5259 .bdrv_probe = qcow2_probe, 5260 .bdrv_open = qcow2_open, 5261 .bdrv_close = qcow2_close, 5262 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = qcow2_reopen_prepare, 5263 .bdrv_reopen_commit = qcow2_reopen_commit, 5264 .bdrv_reopen_abort = qcow2_reopen_abort, 5265 .bdrv_join_options = qcow2_join_options, 5266 .bdrv_child_perm = bdrv_format_default_perms, 5267 .bdrv_co_create_opts = qcow2_co_create_opts, 5268 .bdrv_co_create = qcow2_co_create, 5269 .bdrv_has_zero_init = bdrv_has_zero_init_1, 5270 .bdrv_co_block_status = qcow2_co_block_status, 5271 5272 .bdrv_co_preadv = qcow2_co_preadv, 5273 .bdrv_co_pwritev = qcow2_co_pwritev, 5274 .bdrv_co_flush_to_os = qcow2_co_flush_to_os, 5275 5276 .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes = qcow2_co_pwrite_zeroes, 5277 .bdrv_co_pdiscard = qcow2_co_pdiscard, 5278 .bdrv_co_copy_range_from = qcow2_co_copy_range_from, 5279 .bdrv_co_copy_range_to = qcow2_co_copy_range_to, 5280 .bdrv_co_truncate = qcow2_co_truncate, 5281 .bdrv_co_pwritev_compressed = qcow2_co_pwritev_compressed, 5282 .bdrv_make_empty = qcow2_make_empty, 5283 5284 .bdrv_snapshot_create = qcow2_snapshot_create, 5285 .bdrv_snapshot_goto = qcow2_snapshot_goto, 5286 .bdrv_snapshot_delete = qcow2_snapshot_delete, 5287 .bdrv_snapshot_list = qcow2_snapshot_list, 5288 .bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp = qcow2_snapshot_load_tmp, 5289 .bdrv_measure = qcow2_measure, 5290 .bdrv_get_info = qcow2_get_info, 5291 .bdrv_get_specific_info = qcow2_get_specific_info, 5292 5293 .bdrv_save_vmstate = qcow2_save_vmstate, 5294 .bdrv_load_vmstate = qcow2_load_vmstate, 5295 5296 .supports_backing = true, 5297 .bdrv_change_backing_file = qcow2_change_backing_file, 5298 5299 .bdrv_refresh_limits = qcow2_refresh_limits, 5300 .bdrv_co_invalidate_cache = qcow2_co_invalidate_cache, 5301 .bdrv_inactivate = qcow2_inactivate, 5302 5303 .create_opts = &qcow2_create_opts, 5304 .strong_runtime_opts = qcow2_strong_runtime_opts, 5305 .mutable_opts = mutable_opts, 5306 .bdrv_co_check = qcow2_co_check, 5307 .bdrv_amend_options = qcow2_amend_options, 5308 5309 .bdrv_detach_aio_context = qcow2_detach_aio_context, 5310 .bdrv_attach_aio_context = qcow2_attach_aio_context, 5311 5312 .bdrv_reopen_bitmaps_rw = qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_rw, 5313 .bdrv_can_store_new_dirty_bitmap = qcow2_can_store_new_dirty_bitmap, 5314 .bdrv_remove_persistent_dirty_bitmap = qcow2_remove_persistent_dirty_bitmap, 5315 }; 5316 5317 static void bdrv_qcow2_init(void) 5318 { 5319 bdrv_register(&bdrv_qcow2); 5320 } 5321 5322 block_init(bdrv_qcow2_init); 5323