xref: /openbmc/qemu/block/qcow2-bitmap.c (revision 4f7689f0)
1 /*
2  * Bitmaps for the QCOW version 2 format
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2014-2017 Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy
5  *
6  * This file is derived from qcow2-snapshot.c, original copyright:
7  * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Fabrice Bellard
8  *
9  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
10  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
11  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
12  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
13  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
14  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
15  *
16  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
17  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
18  *
19  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
20  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
21  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
22  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
23  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
24  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
25  * THE SOFTWARE.
26  */
27 
28 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
29 #include "block/block-io.h"
30 #include "block/dirty-bitmap.h"
31 #include "qapi/error.h"
32 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
33 
34 #include "qcow2.h"
35 
36 /* NOTICE: BME here means Bitmaps Extension and used as a namespace for
37  * _internal_ constants. Please do not use this _internal_ abbreviation for
38  * other needs and/or outside of this file. */
39 
40 /* Bitmap directory entry constraints */
41 #define BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE 0x8000000
42 #define BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE 0x20000000 /* restrict BdrvDirtyBitmap size in RAM */
43 #define BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS 31
44 #define BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS 9
45 #define BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE 1023
46 
47 /* Size of bitmap table entries */
48 #define BME_TABLE_ENTRY_SIZE (sizeof(uint64_t))
49 
50 QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE != BDRV_BITMAP_MAX_NAME_SIZE);
51 
52 #if BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE * 8ULL > INT_MAX
53 #error In the code bitmap table physical size assumed to fit into int
54 #endif
55 
56 /* Bitmap directory entry flags */
57 #define BME_RESERVED_FLAGS 0xfffffffcU
58 #define BME_FLAG_IN_USE (1U << 0)
59 #define BME_FLAG_AUTO   (1U << 1)
60 
61 /* bits [1, 8] U [56, 63] are reserved */
62 #define BME_TABLE_ENTRY_RESERVED_MASK 0xff000000000001feULL
63 #define BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK 0x00fffffffffffe00ULL
64 #define BME_TABLE_ENTRY_FLAG_ALL_ONES (1ULL << 0)
65 
66 typedef struct QEMU_PACKED Qcow2BitmapDirEntry {
67     /* header is 8 byte aligned */
68     uint64_t bitmap_table_offset;
69 
70     uint32_t bitmap_table_size;
71     uint32_t flags;
72 
73     uint8_t type;
74     uint8_t granularity_bits;
75     uint16_t name_size;
76     uint32_t extra_data_size;
77     /* extra data follows  */
78     /* name follows  */
79 } Qcow2BitmapDirEntry;
80 
81 typedef struct Qcow2BitmapTable {
82     uint64_t offset;
83     uint32_t size; /* number of 64bit entries */
84     QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(Qcow2BitmapTable) entry;
85 } Qcow2BitmapTable;
86 
87 typedef struct Qcow2Bitmap {
88     Qcow2BitmapTable table;
89     uint32_t flags;
90     uint8_t granularity_bits;
91     char *name;
92 
93     BdrvDirtyBitmap *dirty_bitmap;
94 
95     QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(Qcow2Bitmap) entry;
96 } Qcow2Bitmap;
97 typedef QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(Qcow2BitmapList, Qcow2Bitmap) Qcow2BitmapList;
98 
99 typedef enum BitmapType {
100     BT_DIRTY_TRACKING_BITMAP = 1
101 } BitmapType;
102 
103 static inline bool can_write(BlockDriverState *bs)
104 {
105     return !bdrv_is_read_only(bs) && !(bdrv_get_flags(bs) & BDRV_O_INACTIVE);
106 }
107 
108 static int update_header_sync(BlockDriverState *bs)
109 {
110     int ret;
111 
112     ret = qcow2_update_header(bs);
113     if (ret < 0) {
114         return ret;
115     }
116 
117     return bdrv_flush(bs->file->bs);
118 }
119 
120 static inline void bitmap_table_bswap_be(uint64_t *bitmap_table, size_t size)
121 {
122     size_t i;
123 
124     for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
125         bitmap_table[i] = cpu_to_be64(bitmap_table[i]);
126     }
127 }
128 
129 static int check_table_entry(uint64_t entry, int cluster_size)
130 {
131     uint64_t offset;
132 
133     if (entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_RESERVED_MASK) {
134         return -EINVAL;
135     }
136 
137     offset = entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
138     if (offset != 0) {
139         /* if offset specified, bit 0 is reserved */
140         if (entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_FLAG_ALL_ONES) {
141             return -EINVAL;
142         }
143 
144         if (offset % cluster_size != 0) {
145             return -EINVAL;
146         }
147     }
148 
149     return 0;
150 }
151 
152 static int64_t get_bitmap_bytes_needed(int64_t len, uint32_t granularity)
153 {
154     int64_t num_bits = DIV_ROUND_UP(len, granularity);
155 
156     return DIV_ROUND_UP(num_bits, 8);
157 }
158 
159 static int check_constraints_on_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
160                                        const char *name,
161                                        uint32_t granularity,
162                                        Error **errp)
163 {
164     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
165     int granularity_bits = ctz32(granularity);
166     int64_t len = bdrv_getlength(bs);
167     int64_t bitmap_bytes;
168 
169     assert(granularity > 0);
170     assert((granularity & (granularity - 1)) == 0);
171 
172     if (len < 0) {
173         error_setg_errno(errp, -len, "Failed to get size of '%s'",
174                          bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
175         return len;
176     }
177 
178     if (granularity_bits > BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS) {
179         error_setg(errp, "Granularity exceeds maximum (%llu bytes)",
180                    1ULL << BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS);
181         return -EINVAL;
182     }
183     if (granularity_bits < BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS) {
184         error_setg(errp, "Granularity is under minimum (%llu bytes)",
185                    1ULL << BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS);
186         return -EINVAL;
187     }
188 
189     bitmap_bytes = get_bitmap_bytes_needed(len, granularity);
190     if ((bitmap_bytes > (uint64_t)BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE) ||
191         (bitmap_bytes > (uint64_t)BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE * s->cluster_size))
192     {
193         error_setg(errp, "Too much space will be occupied by the bitmap. "
194                    "Use larger granularity");
195         return -EINVAL;
196     }
197 
198     if (strlen(name) > BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE) {
199         error_setg(errp, "Name length exceeds maximum (%u characters)",
200                    BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE);
201         return -EINVAL;
202     }
203 
204     return 0;
205 }
206 
207 static void clear_bitmap_table(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t *bitmap_table,
208                                uint32_t bitmap_table_size)
209 {
210     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
211     int i;
212 
213     for (i = 0; i < bitmap_table_size; ++i) {
214         uint64_t addr = bitmap_table[i] & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
215         if (!addr) {
216             continue;
217         }
218 
219         qcow2_free_clusters(bs, addr, s->cluster_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_ALWAYS);
220         bitmap_table[i] = 0;
221     }
222 }
223 
224 static int bitmap_table_load(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapTable *tb,
225                              uint64_t **bitmap_table)
226 {
227     int ret;
228     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
229     uint32_t i;
230     uint64_t *table;
231 
232     assert(tb->size != 0);
233     table = g_try_new(uint64_t, tb->size);
234     if (table == NULL) {
235         return -ENOMEM;
236     }
237 
238     assert(tb->size <= BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE);
239     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, tb->offset, tb->size * BME_TABLE_ENTRY_SIZE,
240                      table, 0);
241     if (ret < 0) {
242         goto fail;
243     }
244 
245     for (i = 0; i < tb->size; ++i) {
246         table[i] = be64_to_cpu(table[i]);
247         ret = check_table_entry(table[i], s->cluster_size);
248         if (ret < 0) {
249             goto fail;
250         }
251     }
252 
253     *bitmap_table = table;
254     return 0;
255 
256 fail:
257     g_free(table);
258 
259     return ret;
260 }
261 
262 static int free_bitmap_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapTable *tb)
263 {
264     int ret;
265     uint64_t *bitmap_table;
266 
267     ret = bitmap_table_load(bs, tb, &bitmap_table);
268     if (ret < 0) {
269         return ret;
270     }
271 
272     clear_bitmap_table(bs, bitmap_table, tb->size);
273     qcow2_free_clusters(bs, tb->offset, tb->size * BME_TABLE_ENTRY_SIZE,
274                         QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
275     g_free(bitmap_table);
276 
277     tb->offset = 0;
278     tb->size = 0;
279 
280     return 0;
281 }
282 
283 /* load_bitmap_data
284  * @bitmap_table entries must satisfy specification constraints.
285  * @bitmap must be cleared */
286 static int coroutine_fn GRAPH_RDLOCK
287 load_bitmap_data(BlockDriverState *bs, const uint64_t *bitmap_table,
288                  uint32_t bitmap_table_size, BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap)
289 {
290     int ret = 0;
291     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
292     uint64_t offset, limit;
293     uint64_t bm_size = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_size(bitmap);
294     uint8_t *buf = NULL;
295     uint64_t i, tab_size =
296             size_to_clusters(s,
297                 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_size(bitmap, 0, bm_size));
298 
299     if (tab_size != bitmap_table_size || tab_size > BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE) {
300         return -EINVAL;
301     }
302 
303     buf = g_malloc(s->cluster_size);
304     limit = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_coverage(s->cluster_size, bitmap);
305     for (i = 0, offset = 0; i < tab_size; ++i, offset += limit) {
306         uint64_t count = MIN(bm_size - offset, limit);
307         uint64_t entry = bitmap_table[i];
308         uint64_t data_offset = entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
309 
310         assert(check_table_entry(entry, s->cluster_size) == 0);
311 
312         if (data_offset == 0) {
313             if (entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_FLAG_ALL_ONES) {
314                 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_deserialize_ones(bitmap, offset, count,
315                                                    false);
316             } else {
317                 /* No need to deserialize zeros because the dirty bitmap is
318                  * already cleared */
319             }
320         } else {
321             ret = bdrv_co_pread(bs->file, data_offset, s->cluster_size, buf, 0);
322             if (ret < 0) {
323                 goto finish;
324             }
325             bdrv_dirty_bitmap_deserialize_part(bitmap, buf, offset, count,
326                                                false);
327         }
328     }
329     ret = 0;
330 
331     bdrv_dirty_bitmap_deserialize_finish(bitmap);
332 
333 finish:
334     g_free(buf);
335 
336     return ret;
337 }
338 
339 static coroutine_fn GRAPH_RDLOCK
340 BdrvDirtyBitmap *load_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
341                              Qcow2Bitmap *bm, Error **errp)
342 {
343     int ret;
344     uint64_t *bitmap_table = NULL;
345     uint32_t granularity;
346     BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = NULL;
347 
348     granularity = 1U << bm->granularity_bits;
349     bitmap = bdrv_create_dirty_bitmap(bs, granularity, bm->name, errp);
350     if (bitmap == NULL) {
351         goto fail;
352     }
353 
354     if (bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE) {
355         /* Data is unusable, skip loading it */
356         return bitmap;
357     }
358 
359     ret = bitmap_table_load(bs, &bm->table, &bitmap_table);
360     if (ret < 0) {
361         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
362                          "Could not read bitmap_table table from image for "
363                          "bitmap '%s'", bm->name);
364         goto fail;
365     }
366 
367     ret = load_bitmap_data(bs, bitmap_table, bm->table.size, bitmap);
368     if (ret < 0) {
369         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read bitmap '%s' from image",
370                          bm->name);
371         goto fail;
372     }
373 
374     g_free(bitmap_table);
375     return bitmap;
376 
377 fail:
378     g_free(bitmap_table);
379     if (bitmap != NULL) {
380         bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bitmap);
381     }
382 
383     return NULL;
384 }
385 
386 /*
387  * Bitmap List
388  */
389 
390 /*
391  * Bitmap List private functions
392  * Only Bitmap List knows about bitmap directory structure in Qcow2.
393  */
394 
395 static inline void bitmap_dir_entry_to_cpu(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
396 {
397     entry->bitmap_table_offset = be64_to_cpu(entry->bitmap_table_offset);
398     entry->bitmap_table_size = be32_to_cpu(entry->bitmap_table_size);
399     entry->flags = be32_to_cpu(entry->flags);
400     entry->name_size = be16_to_cpu(entry->name_size);
401     entry->extra_data_size = be32_to_cpu(entry->extra_data_size);
402 }
403 
404 static inline void bitmap_dir_entry_to_be(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
405 {
406     entry->bitmap_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(entry->bitmap_table_offset);
407     entry->bitmap_table_size = cpu_to_be32(entry->bitmap_table_size);
408     entry->flags = cpu_to_be32(entry->flags);
409     entry->name_size = cpu_to_be16(entry->name_size);
410     entry->extra_data_size = cpu_to_be32(entry->extra_data_size);
411 }
412 
413 static inline int calc_dir_entry_size(size_t name_size, size_t extra_data_size)
414 {
415     int size = sizeof(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry) + name_size + extra_data_size;
416     return ROUND_UP(size, 8);
417 }
418 
419 static inline int dir_entry_size(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
420 {
421     return calc_dir_entry_size(entry->name_size, entry->extra_data_size);
422 }
423 
424 static inline const char *dir_entry_name_field(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
425 {
426     return (const char *)(entry + 1) + entry->extra_data_size;
427 }
428 
429 static inline char *dir_entry_copy_name(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
430 {
431     const char *name_field = dir_entry_name_field(entry);
432     return g_strndup(name_field, entry->name_size);
433 }
434 
435 static inline Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *next_dir_entry(Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
436 {
437     return (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)((uint8_t *)entry + dir_entry_size(entry));
438 }
439 
440 static int check_dir_entry(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *entry)
441 {
442     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
443     uint64_t phys_bitmap_bytes;
444     int64_t len;
445 
446     bool fail = (entry->bitmap_table_size == 0) ||
447                 (entry->bitmap_table_offset == 0) ||
448                 (entry->bitmap_table_offset % s->cluster_size) ||
449                 (entry->bitmap_table_size > BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE) ||
450                 (entry->granularity_bits > BME_MAX_GRANULARITY_BITS) ||
451                 (entry->granularity_bits < BME_MIN_GRANULARITY_BITS) ||
452                 (entry->flags & BME_RESERVED_FLAGS) ||
453                 (entry->name_size > BME_MAX_NAME_SIZE) ||
454                 (entry->type != BT_DIRTY_TRACKING_BITMAP);
455 
456     if (fail) {
457         return -EINVAL;
458     }
459 
460     phys_bitmap_bytes = (uint64_t)entry->bitmap_table_size * s->cluster_size;
461     len = bdrv_getlength(bs);
462 
463     if (len < 0) {
464         return len;
465     }
466 
467     if (phys_bitmap_bytes > BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE) {
468         return -EINVAL;
469     }
470 
471     if (!(entry->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE) &&
472         (len > ((phys_bitmap_bytes * 8) << entry->granularity_bits)))
473     {
474         /*
475          * We've loaded a valid bitmap (IN_USE not set) or we are going to
476          * store a valid bitmap, but the allocated bitmap table size is not
477          * enough to store this bitmap.
478          *
479          * Note, that it's OK to have an invalid bitmap with invalid size due
480          * to a bitmap that was not correctly saved after image resize.
481          */
482         return -EINVAL;
483     }
484 
485     return 0;
486 }
487 
488 static inline void bitmap_directory_to_be(uint8_t *dir, size_t size)
489 {
490     uint8_t *end = dir + size;
491     while (dir < end) {
492         Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *e = (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir;
493         dir += dir_entry_size(e);
494 
495         bitmap_dir_entry_to_be(e);
496     }
497 }
498 
499 /*
500  * Bitmap List public functions
501  */
502 
503 static void bitmap_free(Qcow2Bitmap *bm)
504 {
505     if (bm == NULL) {
506         return;
507     }
508 
509     g_free(bm->name);
510     g_free(bm);
511 }
512 
513 static void bitmap_list_free(Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
514 {
515     Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
516 
517     if (bm_list == NULL) {
518         return;
519     }
520 
521     while ((bm = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(bm_list)) != NULL) {
522         QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(bm_list, entry);
523         bitmap_free(bm);
524     }
525 
526     g_free(bm_list);
527 }
528 
529 static Qcow2BitmapList *bitmap_list_new(void)
530 {
531     Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list = g_new(Qcow2BitmapList, 1);
532     QSIMPLEQ_INIT(bm_list);
533 
534     return bm_list;
535 }
536 
537 static uint32_t bitmap_list_count(Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
538 {
539     Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
540     uint32_t nb_bitmaps = 0;
541 
542     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
543         nb_bitmaps++;
544     }
545 
546     return nb_bitmaps;
547 }
548 
549 /* bitmap_list_load
550  * Get bitmap list from qcow2 image. Actually reads bitmap directory,
551  * checks it and convert to bitmap list.
552  */
553 static Qcow2BitmapList *bitmap_list_load(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
554                                          uint64_t size, Error **errp)
555 {
556     int ret;
557     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
558     uint8_t *dir, *dir_end;
559     Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *e;
560     uint32_t nb_dir_entries = 0;
561     Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list = NULL;
562 
563     if (size == 0) {
564         error_setg(errp, "Requested bitmap directory size is zero");
565         return NULL;
566     }
567 
568     if (size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
569         error_setg(errp, "Requested bitmap directory size is too big");
570         return NULL;
571     }
572 
573     dir = g_try_malloc(size);
574     if (dir == NULL) {
575         error_setg(errp, "Failed to allocate space for bitmap directory");
576         return NULL;
577     }
578     dir_end = dir + size;
579 
580     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, size, dir, 0);
581     if (ret < 0) {
582         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to read bitmap directory");
583         goto fail;
584     }
585 
586     bm_list = bitmap_list_new();
587     for (e = (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir;
588          e < (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir_end;
589          e = next_dir_entry(e))
590     {
591         Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
592 
593         if ((uint8_t *)(e + 1) > dir_end) {
594             goto broken_dir;
595         }
596 
597         if (++nb_dir_entries > s->nb_bitmaps) {
598             error_setg(errp, "More bitmaps found than specified in header"
599                        " extension");
600             goto fail;
601         }
602         bitmap_dir_entry_to_cpu(e);
603 
604         if ((uint8_t *)next_dir_entry(e) > dir_end) {
605             goto broken_dir;
606         }
607 
608         if (e->extra_data_size != 0) {
609             error_setg(errp, "Bitmap extra data is not supported");
610             goto fail;
611         }
612 
613         ret = check_dir_entry(bs, e);
614         if (ret < 0) {
615             error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%.*s' doesn't satisfy the constraints",
616                        e->name_size, dir_entry_name_field(e));
617             goto fail;
618         }
619 
620         bm = g_new0(Qcow2Bitmap, 1);
621         bm->table.offset = e->bitmap_table_offset;
622         bm->table.size = e->bitmap_table_size;
623         bm->flags = e->flags;
624         bm->granularity_bits = e->granularity_bits;
625         bm->name = dir_entry_copy_name(e);
626         QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(bm_list, bm, entry);
627     }
628 
629     if (nb_dir_entries != s->nb_bitmaps) {
630         error_setg(errp, "Less bitmaps found than specified in header"
631                          " extension");
632         goto fail;
633     }
634 
635     if ((uint8_t *)e != dir_end) {
636         goto broken_dir;
637     }
638 
639     g_free(dir);
640     return bm_list;
641 
642 broken_dir:
643     error_setg(errp, "Broken bitmap directory");
644 
645 fail:
646     g_free(dir);
647     bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
648 
649     return NULL;
650 }
651 
652 int coroutine_fn
653 qcow2_check_bitmaps_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
654                               void **refcount_table,
655                               int64_t *refcount_table_size)
656 {
657     int ret;
658     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
659     Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
660     Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
661 
662     if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
663         return 0;
664     }
665 
666     ret = qcow2_inc_refcounts_imrt(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
667                                    s->bitmap_directory_offset,
668                                    s->bitmap_directory_size);
669     if (ret < 0) {
670         return ret;
671     }
672 
673     bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
674                                s->bitmap_directory_size, NULL);
675     if (bm_list == NULL) {
676         res->corruptions++;
677         return -EINVAL;
678     }
679 
680     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
681         uint64_t *bitmap_table = NULL;
682         int i;
683 
684         ret = qcow2_inc_refcounts_imrt(bs, res,
685                                        refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
686                                        bm->table.offset,
687                                        bm->table.size * BME_TABLE_ENTRY_SIZE);
688         if (ret < 0) {
689             goto out;
690         }
691 
692         ret = bitmap_table_load(bs, &bm->table, &bitmap_table);
693         if (ret < 0) {
694             res->corruptions++;
695             goto out;
696         }
697 
698         for (i = 0; i < bm->table.size; ++i) {
699             uint64_t entry = bitmap_table[i];
700             uint64_t offset = entry & BME_TABLE_ENTRY_OFFSET_MASK;
701 
702             if (check_table_entry(entry, s->cluster_size) < 0) {
703                 res->corruptions++;
704                 continue;
705             }
706 
707             if (offset == 0) {
708                 continue;
709             }
710 
711             ret = qcow2_inc_refcounts_imrt(bs, res,
712                                            refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
713                                            offset, s->cluster_size);
714             if (ret < 0) {
715                 g_free(bitmap_table);
716                 goto out;
717             }
718         }
719 
720         g_free(bitmap_table);
721     }
722 
723 out:
724     bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
725 
726     return ret;
727 }
728 
729 /* bitmap_list_store
730  * Store bitmap list to qcow2 image as a bitmap directory.
731  * Everything is checked.
732  */
733 static int bitmap_list_store(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list,
734                              uint64_t *offset, uint64_t *size, bool in_place)
735 {
736     int ret;
737     uint8_t *dir;
738     int64_t dir_offset = 0;
739     uint64_t dir_size = 0;
740     Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
741     Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *e;
742 
743     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
744         dir_size += calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(bm->name), 0);
745     }
746 
747     if (dir_size == 0 || dir_size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
748         return -EINVAL;
749     }
750 
751     if (in_place) {
752         if (*size != dir_size || *offset == 0) {
753             return -EINVAL;
754         }
755 
756         dir_offset = *offset;
757     }
758 
759     dir = g_try_malloc0(dir_size);
760     if (dir == NULL) {
761         return -ENOMEM;
762     }
763 
764     e = (Qcow2BitmapDirEntry *)dir;
765     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
766         e->bitmap_table_offset = bm->table.offset;
767         e->bitmap_table_size = bm->table.size;
768         e->flags = bm->flags;
769         e->type = BT_DIRTY_TRACKING_BITMAP;
770         e->granularity_bits = bm->granularity_bits;
771         e->name_size = strlen(bm->name);
772         e->extra_data_size = 0;
773         memcpy(e + 1, bm->name, e->name_size);
774 
775         if (check_dir_entry(bs, e) < 0) {
776             ret = -EINVAL;
777             goto fail;
778         }
779 
780         e = next_dir_entry(e);
781     }
782 
783     bitmap_directory_to_be(dir, dir_size);
784 
785     if (!in_place) {
786         dir_offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, dir_size);
787         if (dir_offset < 0) {
788             ret = dir_offset;
789             goto fail;
790         }
791     }
792 
793     /* Actually, even in the in-place case ignoring QCOW2_OL_BITMAP_DIRECTORY
794      * is not necessary, because we drop QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS when updating
795      * bitmap directory in-place (actually, turn-off the extension), which is
796      * checked in qcow2_check_metadata_overlap() */
797     ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(
798             bs, in_place ? QCOW2_OL_BITMAP_DIRECTORY : 0, dir_offset, dir_size,
799             false);
800     if (ret < 0) {
801         goto fail;
802     }
803 
804     ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, dir_offset, dir_size, dir, 0);
805     if (ret < 0) {
806         goto fail;
807     }
808 
809     g_free(dir);
810 
811     if (!in_place) {
812         *size = dir_size;
813         *offset = dir_offset;
814     }
815 
816     return 0;
817 
818 fail:
819     g_free(dir);
820 
821     if (!in_place && dir_offset > 0) {
822         qcow2_free_clusters(bs, dir_offset, dir_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
823     }
824 
825     return ret;
826 }
827 
828 /*
829  * Bitmap List end
830  */
831 
832 static int update_ext_header_and_dir_in_place(BlockDriverState *bs,
833                                               Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
834 {
835     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
836     int ret;
837 
838     if (!(s->autoclear_features & QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS) ||
839         bm_list == NULL || QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(bm_list) ||
840         bitmap_list_count(bm_list) != s->nb_bitmaps)
841     {
842         return -EINVAL;
843     }
844 
845     s->autoclear_features &= ~(uint64_t)QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
846     ret = update_header_sync(bs);
847     if (ret < 0) {
848         /* Two variants are possible here:
849          * 1. Autoclear flag is dropped, all bitmaps will be lost.
850          * 2. Autoclear flag is not dropped, old state is left.
851          */
852         return ret;
853     }
854 
855     /* autoclear bit is not set, so we can safely update bitmap directory */
856 
857     ret = bitmap_list_store(bs, bm_list, &s->bitmap_directory_offset,
858                             &s->bitmap_directory_size, true);
859     if (ret < 0) {
860         /* autoclear bit is cleared, so all leaked clusters would be removed on
861          * qemu-img check */
862         return ret;
863     }
864 
865     ret = update_header_sync(bs);
866     if (ret < 0) {
867         /* autoclear bit is cleared, so all leaked clusters would be removed on
868          * qemu-img check */
869         return ret;
870     }
871 
872     s->autoclear_features |= QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
873     return update_header_sync(bs);
874     /* If final update_header_sync() fails, two variants are possible:
875      * 1. Autoclear flag is not set, all bitmaps will be lost.
876      * 2. Autoclear flag is set, header and directory are successfully updated.
877      */
878 }
879 
880 static int update_ext_header_and_dir(BlockDriverState *bs,
881                                      Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list)
882 {
883     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
884     int ret;
885     uint64_t new_offset = 0;
886     uint64_t new_size = 0;
887     uint32_t new_nb_bitmaps = 0;
888     uint64_t old_offset = s->bitmap_directory_offset;
889     uint64_t old_size = s->bitmap_directory_size;
890     uint32_t old_nb_bitmaps = s->nb_bitmaps;
891     uint64_t old_autocl = s->autoclear_features;
892 
893     if (bm_list != NULL && !QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(bm_list)) {
894         new_nb_bitmaps = bitmap_list_count(bm_list);
895 
896         if (new_nb_bitmaps > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS) {
897             return -EINVAL;
898         }
899 
900         ret = bitmap_list_store(bs, bm_list, &new_offset, &new_size, false);
901         if (ret < 0) {
902             return ret;
903         }
904 
905         ret = qcow2_flush_caches(bs);
906         if (ret < 0) {
907             goto fail;
908         }
909 
910         s->autoclear_features |= QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
911     } else {
912         s->autoclear_features &= ~(uint64_t)QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS;
913     }
914 
915     s->bitmap_directory_offset = new_offset;
916     s->bitmap_directory_size = new_size;
917     s->nb_bitmaps = new_nb_bitmaps;
918 
919     ret = update_header_sync(bs);
920     if (ret < 0) {
921         goto fail;
922     }
923 
924     if (old_size > 0) {
925         qcow2_free_clusters(bs, old_offset, old_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
926     }
927 
928     return 0;
929 
930 fail:
931     if (new_offset > 0) {
932         qcow2_free_clusters(bs, new_offset, new_size, QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
933     }
934 
935     s->bitmap_directory_offset = old_offset;
936     s->bitmap_directory_size = old_size;
937     s->nb_bitmaps = old_nb_bitmaps;
938     s->autoclear_features = old_autocl;
939 
940     return ret;
941 }
942 
943 /* for g_slist_foreach for GSList of BdrvDirtyBitmap* elements */
944 static void release_dirty_bitmap_helper(gpointer bitmap,
945                                         gpointer bs)
946 {
947     bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bitmap);
948 }
949 
950 /* for g_slist_foreach for GSList of BdrvDirtyBitmap* elements */
951 static void set_readonly_helper(gpointer bitmap, gpointer value)
952 {
953     bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_readonly(bitmap, (bool)value);
954 }
955 
956 /*
957  * Return true on success, false on failure.
958  * If header_updated is not NULL then it is set appropriately regardless of
959  * the return value.
960  */
961 bool coroutine_fn GRAPH_RDLOCK
962 qcow2_load_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs,
963                          bool *header_updated, Error **errp)
964 {
965     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
966     Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
967     Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
968     GSList *created_dirty_bitmaps = NULL;
969     bool needs_update = false;
970 
971     if (header_updated) {
972         *header_updated = false;
973     }
974 
975     if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
976         /* No bitmaps - nothing to do */
977         return true;
978     }
979 
980     bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
981                                s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
982     if (bm_list == NULL) {
983         return false;
984     }
985 
986     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
987         BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
988 
989         if ((bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE) &&
990             bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, bm->name))
991         {
992             /*
993              * We already have corresponding BdrvDirtyBitmap, and bitmap in the
994              * image is marked IN_USE. Firstly, this state is valid, no reason
995              * to consider existing BdrvDirtyBitmap to be bad. Secondly it's
996              * absolutely possible, when we do migration with shared storage
997              * with dirty-bitmaps capability enabled: if the bitmap was loaded
998              * from this storage before migration start, the storage will
999              * of-course contain IN_USE outdated version of the bitmap, and we
1000              * should not load it on migration target, as we already have this
1001              * bitmap, being migrated.
1002              */
1003             continue;
1004         }
1005 
1006         bitmap = load_bitmap(bs, bm, errp);
1007         if (bitmap == NULL) {
1008             goto fail;
1009         }
1010 
1011         bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_persistence(bitmap, true);
1012         if (bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE) {
1013             bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_inconsistent(bitmap);
1014         } else {
1015             /* NB: updated flags only get written if can_write(bs) is true. */
1016             bm->flags |= BME_FLAG_IN_USE;
1017             needs_update = true;
1018         }
1019         if (!(bm->flags & BME_FLAG_AUTO)) {
1020             bdrv_disable_dirty_bitmap(bitmap);
1021         }
1022         created_dirty_bitmaps =
1023             g_slist_append(created_dirty_bitmaps, bitmap);
1024     }
1025 
1026     if (needs_update && can_write(bs)) {
1027         /* in_use flags must be updated */
1028         int ret = update_ext_header_and_dir_in_place(bs, bm_list);
1029         if (ret < 0) {
1030             error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Can't update bitmap directory");
1031             goto fail;
1032         }
1033         if (header_updated) {
1034             *header_updated = true;
1035         }
1036     }
1037 
1038     if (!can_write(bs)) {
1039         g_slist_foreach(created_dirty_bitmaps, set_readonly_helper,
1040                         (gpointer)true);
1041     }
1042 
1043     g_slist_free(created_dirty_bitmaps);
1044     bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1045 
1046     return true;
1047 
1048 fail:
1049     g_slist_foreach(created_dirty_bitmaps, release_dirty_bitmap_helper, bs);
1050     g_slist_free(created_dirty_bitmaps);
1051     bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1052 
1053     return false;
1054 }
1055 
1056 
1057 static Qcow2BitmapInfoFlagsList *get_bitmap_info_flags(uint32_t flags)
1058 {
1059     Qcow2BitmapInfoFlagsList *list = NULL;
1060     Qcow2BitmapInfoFlagsList **tail = &list;
1061     int i;
1062 
1063     static const struct {
1064         int bme;  /* Bitmap directory entry flags */
1065         int info; /* The flags to report to the user */
1066     } map[] = {
1067         { BME_FLAG_IN_USE, QCOW2_BITMAP_INFO_FLAGS_IN_USE },
1068         { BME_FLAG_AUTO,   QCOW2_BITMAP_INFO_FLAGS_AUTO },
1069     };
1070 
1071     int map_size = ARRAY_SIZE(map);
1072 
1073     for (i = 0; i < map_size; ++i) {
1074         if (flags & map[i].bme) {
1075             QAPI_LIST_APPEND(tail, map[i].info);
1076             flags &= ~map[i].bme;
1077         }
1078     }
1079     /* Check if the BME_* mapping above is complete */
1080     assert(!flags);
1081 
1082     return list;
1083 }
1084 
1085 /*
1086  * qcow2_get_bitmap_info_list()
1087  * Returns a list of QCOW2 bitmap details.
1088  * On success return true with info_list set (note, that if there are no
1089  * bitmaps, info_list is set to NULL).
1090  * On failure return false with errp set.
1091  */
1092 bool qcow2_get_bitmap_info_list(BlockDriverState *bs,
1093                                 Qcow2BitmapInfoList **info_list, Error **errp)
1094 {
1095     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1096     Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1097     Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
1098     Qcow2BitmapInfoList **tail;
1099 
1100     if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1101         *info_list = NULL;
1102         return true;
1103     }
1104 
1105     bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1106                                s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1107     if (!bm_list) {
1108         return false;
1109     }
1110 
1111     *info_list = NULL;
1112     tail = info_list;
1113 
1114     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1115         Qcow2BitmapInfo *info = g_new0(Qcow2BitmapInfo, 1);
1116         info->granularity = 1U << bm->granularity_bits;
1117         info->name = g_strdup(bm->name);
1118         info->flags = get_bitmap_info_flags(bm->flags & ~BME_RESERVED_FLAGS);
1119         QAPI_LIST_APPEND(tail, info);
1120     }
1121 
1122     bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1123 
1124     return true;
1125 }
1126 
1127 int qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_rw(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1128 {
1129     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1130     Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1131     Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
1132     GSList *ro_dirty_bitmaps = NULL;
1133     int ret = -EINVAL;
1134     bool need_header_update = false;
1135 
1136     if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1137         /* No bitmaps - nothing to do */
1138         return 0;
1139     }
1140 
1141     bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1142                                s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1143     if (bm_list == NULL) {
1144         return -EINVAL;
1145     }
1146 
1147     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1148         BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, bm->name);
1149 
1150         if (!bitmap) {
1151             error_setg(errp, "Unexpected bitmap '%s' in image '%s'",
1152                        bm->name, bs->filename);
1153             goto out;
1154         }
1155 
1156         if (!(bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE)) {
1157             if (!bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap)) {
1158                 error_setg(errp, "Corruption: bitmap '%s' is not marked IN_USE "
1159                            "in the image '%s' and not marked readonly in RAM",
1160                            bm->name, bs->filename);
1161                 goto out;
1162             }
1163             if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_inconsistent(bitmap)) {
1164                 error_setg(errp, "Corruption: bitmap '%s' is inconsistent but "
1165                            "is not marked IN_USE in the image '%s'", bm->name,
1166                            bs->filename);
1167                 goto out;
1168             }
1169 
1170             bm->flags |= BME_FLAG_IN_USE;
1171             need_header_update = true;
1172         } else {
1173             /*
1174              * What if flags already has BME_FLAG_IN_USE ?
1175              *
1176              * 1. if we are reopening RW -> RW it's OK, of course.
1177              * 2. if we are reopening RO -> RW:
1178              *   2.1 if @bitmap is inconsistent, it's OK. It means that it was
1179              *       inconsistent (IN_USE) when we loaded it
1180              *   2.2 if @bitmap is not inconsistent. This seems to be impossible
1181              *       and implies third party interaction. Let's error-out for
1182              *       safety.
1183              */
1184             if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap) &&
1185                 !bdrv_dirty_bitmap_inconsistent(bitmap))
1186             {
1187                 error_setg(errp, "Corruption: bitmap '%s' is marked IN_USE "
1188                            "in the image '%s' but it is readonly and "
1189                            "consistent in RAM",
1190                            bm->name, bs->filename);
1191                 goto out;
1192             }
1193         }
1194 
1195         if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap)) {
1196             ro_dirty_bitmaps = g_slist_append(ro_dirty_bitmaps, bitmap);
1197         }
1198     }
1199 
1200     if (need_header_update) {
1201         if (!can_write(bs->file->bs) || !(bs->file->perm & BLK_PERM_WRITE)) {
1202             error_setg(errp, "Failed to reopen bitmaps rw: no write access "
1203                        "the protocol file");
1204             goto out;
1205         }
1206 
1207         /* in_use flags must be updated */
1208         ret = update_ext_header_and_dir_in_place(bs, bm_list);
1209         if (ret < 0) {
1210             error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Cannot update bitmap directory");
1211             goto out;
1212         }
1213     }
1214 
1215     g_slist_foreach(ro_dirty_bitmaps, set_readonly_helper, (gpointer)false);
1216     ret = 0;
1217 
1218 out:
1219     g_slist_free(ro_dirty_bitmaps);
1220     bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1221 
1222     return ret;
1223 }
1224 
1225 /* Checks to see if it's safe to resize bitmaps */
1226 int coroutine_fn qcow2_truncate_bitmaps_check(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1227 {
1228     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1229     Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1230     Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
1231     int ret = 0;
1232 
1233     if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1234         return 0;
1235     }
1236 
1237     bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1238                                s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1239     if (bm_list == NULL) {
1240         return -EINVAL;
1241     }
1242 
1243     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1244         BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, bm->name);
1245         if (bitmap == NULL) {
1246             /*
1247              * We rely on all bitmaps being in-memory to be able to resize them,
1248              * Otherwise, we'd need to resize them on disk explicitly
1249              */
1250             error_setg(errp, "Cannot resize qcow2 with persistent bitmaps that "
1251                        "were not loaded into memory");
1252             ret = -ENOTSUP;
1253             goto out;
1254         }
1255 
1256         /*
1257          * The checks against readonly and busy are redundant, but certainly
1258          * do no harm. checks against inconsistent are crucial:
1259          */
1260         if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_check(bitmap, BDRV_BITMAP_DEFAULT, errp)) {
1261             ret = -ENOTSUP;
1262             goto out;
1263         }
1264     }
1265 
1266 out:
1267     bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1268     return ret;
1269 }
1270 
1271 /* store_bitmap_data()
1272  * Store bitmap to image, filling bitmap table accordingly.
1273  */
1274 static uint64_t *store_bitmap_data(BlockDriverState *bs,
1275                                    BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap,
1276                                    uint32_t *bitmap_table_size, Error **errp)
1277 {
1278     int ret;
1279     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1280     int64_t offset;
1281     uint64_t limit;
1282     uint64_t bm_size = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_size(bitmap);
1283     const char *bm_name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap);
1284     uint8_t *buf = NULL;
1285     uint64_t *tb;
1286     uint64_t tb_size =
1287             size_to_clusters(s,
1288                 bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_size(bitmap, 0, bm_size));
1289 
1290     if (tb_size > BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE ||
1291         tb_size * s->cluster_size > BME_MAX_PHYS_SIZE)
1292     {
1293         error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' is too big", bm_name);
1294         return NULL;
1295     }
1296 
1297     tb = g_try_new0(uint64_t, tb_size);
1298     if (tb == NULL) {
1299         error_setg(errp, "No memory");
1300         return NULL;
1301     }
1302 
1303     buf = g_malloc(s->cluster_size);
1304     limit = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_coverage(s->cluster_size, bitmap);
1305     assert(DIV_ROUND_UP(bm_size, limit) == tb_size);
1306 
1307     offset = 0;
1308     while ((offset = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_next_dirty(bitmap, offset, INT64_MAX))
1309            >= 0)
1310     {
1311         uint64_t cluster = offset / limit;
1312         uint64_t end, write_size;
1313         int64_t off;
1314 
1315         /*
1316          * We found the first dirty offset, but want to write out the
1317          * entire cluster of the bitmap that includes that offset,
1318          * including any leading zero bits.
1319          */
1320         offset = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(offset, limit);
1321         end = MIN(bm_size, offset + limit);
1322         write_size = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialization_size(bitmap, offset,
1323                                                           end - offset);
1324         assert(write_size <= s->cluster_size);
1325 
1326         off = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, s->cluster_size);
1327         if (off < 0) {
1328             error_setg_errno(errp, -off,
1329                              "Failed to allocate clusters for bitmap '%s'",
1330                              bm_name);
1331             goto fail;
1332         }
1333         tb[cluster] = off;
1334 
1335         bdrv_dirty_bitmap_serialize_part(bitmap, buf, offset, end - offset);
1336         if (write_size < s->cluster_size) {
1337             memset(buf + write_size, 0, s->cluster_size - write_size);
1338         }
1339 
1340         ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, off, s->cluster_size, false);
1341         if (ret < 0) {
1342             error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Qcow2 overlap check failed");
1343             goto fail;
1344         }
1345 
1346         ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, off, s->cluster_size, buf, 0);
1347         if (ret < 0) {
1348             error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to write bitmap '%s' to file",
1349                              bm_name);
1350             goto fail;
1351         }
1352 
1353         offset = end;
1354     }
1355 
1356     *bitmap_table_size = tb_size;
1357     g_free(buf);
1358 
1359     return tb;
1360 
1361 fail:
1362     clear_bitmap_table(bs, tb, tb_size);
1363     g_free(buf);
1364     g_free(tb);
1365 
1366     return NULL;
1367 }
1368 
1369 /* store_bitmap()
1370  * Store bm->dirty_bitmap to qcow2.
1371  * Set bm->table_offset and bm->table_size accordingly.
1372  */
1373 static int store_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, Qcow2Bitmap *bm, Error **errp)
1374 {
1375     int ret;
1376     uint64_t *tb;
1377     int64_t tb_offset;
1378     uint32_t tb_size;
1379     BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap = bm->dirty_bitmap;
1380     const char *bm_name;
1381 
1382     assert(bitmap != NULL);
1383 
1384     bm_name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap);
1385 
1386     tb = store_bitmap_data(bs, bitmap, &tb_size, errp);
1387     if (tb == NULL) {
1388         return -EINVAL;
1389     }
1390 
1391     assert(tb_size <= BME_MAX_TABLE_SIZE);
1392     tb_offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]));
1393     if (tb_offset < 0) {
1394         error_setg_errno(errp, -tb_offset,
1395                          "Failed to allocate clusters for bitmap '%s'",
1396                          bm_name);
1397         ret = tb_offset;
1398         goto fail;
1399     }
1400 
1401     ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, tb_offset,
1402                                         tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]), false);
1403     if (ret < 0) {
1404         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Qcow2 overlap check failed");
1405         goto fail;
1406     }
1407 
1408     bitmap_table_bswap_be(tb, tb_size);
1409     ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, tb_offset, tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]), tb, 0);
1410     if (ret < 0) {
1411         bitmap_table_bswap_be(tb, tb_size);
1412         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to write bitmap '%s' to file",
1413                          bm_name);
1414         goto fail;
1415     }
1416 
1417     g_free(tb);
1418 
1419     bm->table.offset = tb_offset;
1420     bm->table.size = tb_size;
1421 
1422     return 0;
1423 
1424 fail:
1425     clear_bitmap_table(bs, tb, tb_size);
1426 
1427     if (tb_offset > 0) {
1428         qcow2_free_clusters(bs, tb_offset, tb_size * sizeof(tb[0]),
1429                             QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
1430     }
1431 
1432     g_free(tb);
1433 
1434     return ret;
1435 }
1436 
1437 static Qcow2Bitmap *find_bitmap_by_name(Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list,
1438                                         const char *name)
1439 {
1440     Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
1441 
1442     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1443         if (strcmp(name, bm->name) == 0) {
1444             return bm;
1445         }
1446     }
1447 
1448     return NULL;
1449 }
1450 
1451 int coroutine_fn qcow2_co_remove_persistent_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
1452                                                          const char *name,
1453                                                          Error **errp)
1454 {
1455     int ret;
1456     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1457     Qcow2Bitmap *bm = NULL;
1458     Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1459 
1460     if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1461         /*
1462          * Absence of the bitmap is not an error: see explanation above
1463          * bdrv_co_remove_persistent_dirty_bitmap() definition.
1464          */
1465         return 0;
1466     }
1467 
1468     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1469 
1470     bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1471                                s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1472     if (bm_list == NULL) {
1473         ret = -EIO;
1474         goto out;
1475     }
1476 
1477     bm = find_bitmap_by_name(bm_list, name);
1478     if (bm == NULL) {
1479         /* Absence of the bitmap is not an error, see above. */
1480         ret = 0;
1481         goto out;
1482     }
1483 
1484     QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE(bm_list, bm, Qcow2Bitmap, entry);
1485 
1486     ret = update_ext_header_and_dir(bs, bm_list);
1487     if (ret < 0) {
1488         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update bitmap extension");
1489         goto out;
1490     }
1491 
1492     free_bitmap_clusters(bs, &bm->table);
1493 
1494 out:
1495     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1496 
1497     bitmap_free(bm);
1498     bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1499 
1500     return ret;
1501 }
1502 
1503 /*
1504  * qcow2_store_persistent_dirty_bitmaps
1505  *
1506  * Stores persistent BdrvDirtyBitmap objects.
1507  *
1508  * @release_stored: if true, release BdrvDirtyBitmap's after storing to the
1509  * image. This is used in two cases, both via qcow2_inactivate:
1510  * 1. bdrv_close: It's correct to remove bitmaps on close.
1511  * 2. migration: If bitmaps are migrated through migration channel via
1512  *    'dirty-bitmaps' migration capability they are not handled by this code.
1513  *    Otherwise, it's OK to drop BdrvDirtyBitmap's and reload them on
1514  *    invalidation.
1515  *
1516  * Anyway, it's correct to remove BdrvDirtyBitmap's on inactivation, as
1517  * inactivation means that we lose control on disk, and therefore on bitmaps,
1518  * we should sync them and do not touch more.
1519  *
1520  * Contrariwise, we don't want to release any bitmaps on just reopen-to-ro,
1521  * when we need to store them, as image is still under our control, and it's
1522  * good to keep all the bitmaps in read-only mode. Moreover, keeping them
1523  * read-only is correct because this is what would happen if we opened the node
1524  * readonly to begin with, and whether we opened directly or reopened to that
1525  * state shouldn't matter for the state we get afterward.
1526  */
1527 bool qcow2_store_persistent_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs,
1528                                           bool release_stored, Error **errp)
1529 {
1530     ERRP_GUARD();
1531     BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
1532     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1533     uint32_t new_nb_bitmaps = s->nb_bitmaps;
1534     uint64_t new_dir_size = s->bitmap_directory_size;
1535     int ret;
1536     Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
1537     Qcow2Bitmap *bm;
1538     QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(, Qcow2BitmapTable) drop_tables;
1539     Qcow2BitmapTable *tb, *tb_next;
1540     bool need_write = false;
1541 
1542     QSIMPLEQ_INIT(&drop_tables);
1543 
1544     if (s->nb_bitmaps == 0) {
1545         bm_list = bitmap_list_new();
1546     } else {
1547         bm_list = bitmap_list_load(bs, s->bitmap_directory_offset,
1548                                    s->bitmap_directory_size, errp);
1549         if (bm_list == NULL) {
1550             return false;
1551         }
1552     }
1553 
1554     /* check constraints and names */
1555     FOR_EACH_DIRTY_BITMAP(bs, bitmap) {
1556         const char *name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap);
1557         uint32_t granularity = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bitmap);
1558 
1559         if (!bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistence(bitmap) ||
1560             bdrv_dirty_bitmap_inconsistent(bitmap)) {
1561             continue;
1562         }
1563 
1564         if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap)) {
1565             /*
1566              * Store the bitmap in the associated Qcow2Bitmap so it
1567              * can be released later
1568              */
1569             bm = find_bitmap_by_name(bm_list, name);
1570             if (bm) {
1571                 bm->dirty_bitmap = bitmap;
1572             }
1573             continue;
1574         }
1575 
1576         need_write = true;
1577 
1578         if (check_constraints_on_bitmap(bs, name, granularity, errp) < 0) {
1579             error_prepend(errp, "Bitmap '%s' doesn't satisfy the constraints: ",
1580                           name);
1581             goto fail;
1582         }
1583 
1584         bm = find_bitmap_by_name(bm_list, name);
1585         if (bm == NULL) {
1586             if (++new_nb_bitmaps > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS) {
1587                 error_setg(errp, "Too many persistent bitmaps");
1588                 goto fail;
1589             }
1590 
1591             new_dir_size += calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(name), 0);
1592             if (new_dir_size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
1593                 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap directory is too large");
1594                 goto fail;
1595             }
1596 
1597             bm = g_new0(Qcow2Bitmap, 1);
1598             bm->name = g_strdup(name);
1599             QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(bm_list, bm, entry);
1600         } else {
1601             if (!(bm->flags & BME_FLAG_IN_USE)) {
1602                 error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' already exists in the image",
1603                            name);
1604                 goto fail;
1605             }
1606             tb = g_memdup(&bm->table, sizeof(bm->table));
1607             bm->table.offset = 0;
1608             bm->table.size = 0;
1609             QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&drop_tables, tb, entry);
1610         }
1611         bm->flags = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_enabled(bitmap) ? BME_FLAG_AUTO : 0;
1612         bm->granularity_bits = ctz32(bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bitmap));
1613         bm->dirty_bitmap = bitmap;
1614     }
1615 
1616     if (!need_write) {
1617         goto success;
1618     }
1619 
1620     if (!can_write(bs)) {
1621         error_setg(errp, "No write access");
1622         goto fail;
1623     }
1624 
1625     /* allocate clusters and store bitmaps */
1626     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1627         bitmap = bm->dirty_bitmap;
1628 
1629         if (bitmap == NULL || bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bitmap)) {
1630             continue;
1631         }
1632 
1633         ret = store_bitmap(bs, bm, errp);
1634         if (ret < 0) {
1635             goto fail;
1636         }
1637     }
1638 
1639     ret = update_ext_header_and_dir(bs, bm_list);
1640     if (ret < 0) {
1641         error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update bitmap extension");
1642         goto fail;
1643     }
1644 
1645     /* Bitmap directory was successfully updated, so, old data can be dropped.
1646      * TODO it is better to reuse these clusters */
1647     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(tb, &drop_tables, entry, tb_next) {
1648         free_bitmap_clusters(bs, tb);
1649         g_free(tb);
1650     }
1651 
1652 success:
1653     if (release_stored) {
1654         QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1655             if (bm->dirty_bitmap == NULL) {
1656                 continue;
1657             }
1658 
1659             bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(bm->dirty_bitmap);
1660         }
1661     }
1662 
1663     bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1664     return true;
1665 
1666 fail:
1667     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bm, bm_list, entry) {
1668         if (bm->dirty_bitmap == NULL || bm->table.offset == 0 ||
1669             bdrv_dirty_bitmap_readonly(bm->dirty_bitmap))
1670         {
1671             continue;
1672         }
1673 
1674         free_bitmap_clusters(bs, &bm->table);
1675     }
1676 
1677     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(tb, &drop_tables, entry, tb_next) {
1678         g_free(tb);
1679     }
1680 
1681     bitmap_list_free(bm_list);
1682     return false;
1683 }
1684 
1685 int qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_ro(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1686 {
1687     BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
1688 
1689     if (!qcow2_store_persistent_dirty_bitmaps(bs, false, errp)) {
1690         return -EINVAL;
1691     }
1692 
1693     FOR_EACH_DIRTY_BITMAP(bs, bitmap) {
1694         if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistence(bitmap)) {
1695             bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_readonly(bitmap, true);
1696         }
1697     }
1698 
1699     return 0;
1700 }
1701 
1702 bool coroutine_fn qcow2_co_can_store_new_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs,
1703                                                       const char *name,
1704                                                       uint32_t granularity,
1705                                                       Error **errp)
1706 {
1707     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1708     BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
1709     uint64_t bitmap_directory_size = 0;
1710     uint32_t nb_bitmaps = 0;
1711 
1712     if (bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, name)) {
1713         error_setg(errp, "Bitmap already exists: %s", name);
1714         return false;
1715     }
1716 
1717     if (s->qcow_version < 3) {
1718         /* Without autoclear_features, we would always have to assume
1719          * that a program without persistent dirty bitmap support has
1720          * accessed this qcow2 file when opening it, and would thus
1721          * have to drop all dirty bitmaps (defeating their purpose).
1722          */
1723         error_setg(errp, "Cannot store dirty bitmaps in qcow2 v2 files");
1724         goto fail;
1725     }
1726 
1727     if (check_constraints_on_bitmap(bs, name, granularity, errp) != 0) {
1728         goto fail;
1729     }
1730 
1731     FOR_EACH_DIRTY_BITMAP(bs, bitmap) {
1732         if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistence(bitmap)) {
1733             nb_bitmaps++;
1734             bitmap_directory_size +=
1735                 calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bitmap)), 0);
1736         }
1737     }
1738     nb_bitmaps++;
1739     bitmap_directory_size += calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(name), 0);
1740 
1741     if (nb_bitmaps > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAPS) {
1742         error_setg(errp,
1743                    "Maximum number of persistent bitmaps is already reached");
1744         goto fail;
1745     }
1746 
1747     if (bitmap_directory_size > QCOW2_MAX_BITMAP_DIRECTORY_SIZE) {
1748         error_setg(errp, "Not enough space in the bitmap directory");
1749         goto fail;
1750     }
1751 
1752     return true;
1753 
1754 fail:
1755     error_prepend(errp, "Can't make bitmap '%s' persistent in '%s': ",
1756                   name, bdrv_get_device_or_node_name(bs));
1757     return false;
1758 }
1759 
1760 bool qcow2_supports_persistent_dirty_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs)
1761 {
1762     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1763 
1764     return s->qcow_version >= 3;
1765 }
1766 
1767 /*
1768  * Compute the space required to copy bitmaps from @in_bs.
1769  *
1770  * The computation is based as if copying to a new image with the
1771  * given @cluster_size, which may differ from the cluster size in
1772  * @in_bs; in fact, @in_bs might be something other than qcow2.
1773  */
1774 uint64_t qcow2_get_persistent_dirty_bitmap_size(BlockDriverState *in_bs,
1775                                                 uint32_t cluster_size)
1776 {
1777     uint64_t bitmaps_size = 0;
1778     BdrvDirtyBitmap *bm;
1779     size_t bitmap_dir_size = 0;
1780 
1781     FOR_EACH_DIRTY_BITMAP(in_bs, bm) {
1782         if (bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistence(bm)) {
1783             const char *name = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bm);
1784             uint32_t granularity = bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bm);
1785             uint64_t bmbytes =
1786                 get_bitmap_bytes_needed(bdrv_dirty_bitmap_size(bm),
1787                                         granularity);
1788             uint64_t bmclusters = DIV_ROUND_UP(bmbytes, cluster_size);
1789 
1790             /* Assume the entire bitmap is allocated */
1791             bitmaps_size += bmclusters * cluster_size;
1792             /* Also reserve space for the bitmap table entries */
1793             bitmaps_size += ROUND_UP(bmclusters * BME_TABLE_ENTRY_SIZE,
1794                                      cluster_size);
1795             /* And space for contribution to bitmap directory size */
1796             bitmap_dir_size += calc_dir_entry_size(strlen(name), 0);
1797         }
1798     }
1799     bitmaps_size += ROUND_UP(bitmap_dir_size, cluster_size);
1800 
1801     return bitmaps_size;
1802 }
1803