xref: /openbmc/qemu/block/nbd.c (revision 38472890)
1 /*
2  * QEMU Block driver for  NBD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2019 Virtuozzo International GmbH.
5  * Copyright (C) 2016 Red Hat, Inc.
6  * Copyright (C) 2008 Bull S.A.S.
7  *     Author: Laurent Vivier <Laurent.Vivier@bull.net>
8  *
9  * Some parts:
10  *    Copyright (C) 2007 Anthony Liguori <anthony@codemonkey.ws>
11  *
12  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
13  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
14  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
15  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
16  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
17  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
18  *
19  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
20  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
21  *
22  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
23  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
24  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
25  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
26  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
27  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
28  * THE SOFTWARE.
29  */
30 
31 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
32 
33 #include "trace.h"
34 #include "qemu/uri.h"
35 #include "qemu/option.h"
36 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
37 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
38 
39 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-sockets.h"
40 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
41 
42 #include "block/qdict.h"
43 #include "block/nbd.h"
44 #include "block/block_int.h"
45 
46 #define EN_OPTSTR ":exportname="
47 #define MAX_NBD_REQUESTS    16
48 
49 #define HANDLE_TO_INDEX(bs, handle) ((handle) ^ (uint64_t)(intptr_t)(bs))
50 #define INDEX_TO_HANDLE(bs, index)  ((index)  ^ (uint64_t)(intptr_t)(bs))
51 
52 typedef struct {
53     Coroutine *coroutine;
54     uint64_t offset;        /* original offset of the request */
55     bool receiving;         /* waiting for connection_co? */
56 } NBDClientRequest;
57 
58 typedef enum NBDClientState {
59     NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTING_WAIT,
60     NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTING_NOWAIT,
61     NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED,
62     NBD_CLIENT_QUIT
63 } NBDClientState;
64 
65 typedef struct BDRVNBDState {
66     QIOChannelSocket *sioc; /* The master data channel */
67     QIOChannel *ioc; /* The current I/O channel which may differ (eg TLS) */
68     NBDExportInfo info;
69 
70     CoMutex send_mutex;
71     CoQueue free_sema;
72     Coroutine *connection_co;
73     Coroutine *teardown_co;
74     QemuCoSleepState *connection_co_sleep_ns_state;
75     bool drained;
76     bool wait_drained_end;
77     int in_flight;
78     NBDClientState state;
79     int connect_status;
80     Error *connect_err;
81     bool wait_in_flight;
82 
83     NBDClientRequest requests[MAX_NBD_REQUESTS];
84     NBDReply reply;
85     BlockDriverState *bs;
86 
87     /* Connection parameters */
88     uint32_t reconnect_delay;
89     SocketAddress *saddr;
90     char *export, *tlscredsid;
91     QCryptoTLSCreds *tlscreds;
92     const char *hostname;
93     char *x_dirty_bitmap;
94 } BDRVNBDState;
95 
96 static int nbd_client_connect(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp);
97 
98 static void nbd_clear_bdrvstate(BDRVNBDState *s)
99 {
100     object_unref(OBJECT(s->tlscreds));
101     qapi_free_SocketAddress(s->saddr);
102     s->saddr = NULL;
103     g_free(s->export);
104     s->export = NULL;
105     g_free(s->tlscredsid);
106     s->tlscredsid = NULL;
107     g_free(s->x_dirty_bitmap);
108     s->x_dirty_bitmap = NULL;
109 }
110 
111 static void nbd_channel_error(BDRVNBDState *s, int ret)
112 {
113     if (ret == -EIO) {
114         if (s->state == NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED) {
115             s->state = s->reconnect_delay ? NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTING_WAIT :
116                                             NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTING_NOWAIT;
117         }
118     } else {
119         if (s->state == NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED) {
120             qio_channel_shutdown(s->ioc, QIO_CHANNEL_SHUTDOWN_BOTH, NULL);
121         }
122         s->state = NBD_CLIENT_QUIT;
123     }
124 }
125 
126 static void nbd_recv_coroutines_wake_all(BDRVNBDState *s)
127 {
128     int i;
129 
130     for (i = 0; i < MAX_NBD_REQUESTS; i++) {
131         NBDClientRequest *req = &s->requests[i];
132 
133         if (req->coroutine && req->receiving) {
134             aio_co_wake(req->coroutine);
135         }
136     }
137 }
138 
139 static void nbd_client_detach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs)
140 {
141     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
142 
143     qio_channel_detach_aio_context(QIO_CHANNEL(s->ioc));
144 }
145 
146 static void nbd_client_attach_aio_context_bh(void *opaque)
147 {
148     BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
149     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
150 
151     /*
152      * The node is still drained, so we know the coroutine has yielded in
153      * nbd_read_eof(), the only place where bs->in_flight can reach 0, or it is
154      * entered for the first time. Both places are safe for entering the
155      * coroutine.
156      */
157     qemu_aio_coroutine_enter(bs->aio_context, s->connection_co);
158     bdrv_dec_in_flight(bs);
159 }
160 
161 static void nbd_client_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs,
162                                           AioContext *new_context)
163 {
164     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
165 
166     /*
167      * s->connection_co is either yielded from nbd_receive_reply or from
168      * nbd_co_reconnect_loop()
169      */
170     if (s->state == NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED) {
171         qio_channel_attach_aio_context(QIO_CHANNEL(s->ioc), new_context);
172     }
173 
174     bdrv_inc_in_flight(bs);
175 
176     /*
177      * Need to wait here for the BH to run because the BH must run while the
178      * node is still drained.
179      */
180     aio_wait_bh_oneshot(new_context, nbd_client_attach_aio_context_bh, bs);
181 }
182 
183 static void coroutine_fn nbd_client_co_drain_begin(BlockDriverState *bs)
184 {
185     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
186 
187     s->drained = true;
188     if (s->connection_co_sleep_ns_state) {
189         qemu_co_sleep_wake(s->connection_co_sleep_ns_state);
190     }
191 }
192 
193 static void coroutine_fn nbd_client_co_drain_end(BlockDriverState *bs)
194 {
195     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
196 
197     s->drained = false;
198     if (s->wait_drained_end) {
199         s->wait_drained_end = false;
200         aio_co_wake(s->connection_co);
201     }
202 }
203 
204 
205 static void nbd_teardown_connection(BlockDriverState *bs)
206 {
207     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
208 
209     if (s->state == NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED) {
210         /* finish any pending coroutines */
211         assert(s->ioc);
212         qio_channel_shutdown(s->ioc, QIO_CHANNEL_SHUTDOWN_BOTH, NULL);
213     }
214     s->state = NBD_CLIENT_QUIT;
215     if (s->connection_co) {
216         if (s->connection_co_sleep_ns_state) {
217             qemu_co_sleep_wake(s->connection_co_sleep_ns_state);
218         }
219     }
220     if (qemu_in_coroutine()) {
221         s->teardown_co = qemu_coroutine_self();
222         /* connection_co resumes us when it terminates */
223         qemu_coroutine_yield();
224         s->teardown_co = NULL;
225     } else {
226         BDRV_POLL_WHILE(bs, s->connection_co);
227     }
228     assert(!s->connection_co);
229 }
230 
231 static bool nbd_client_connecting(BDRVNBDState *s)
232 {
233     return s->state == NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTING_WAIT ||
234         s->state == NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTING_NOWAIT;
235 }
236 
237 static bool nbd_client_connecting_wait(BDRVNBDState *s)
238 {
239     return s->state == NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTING_WAIT;
240 }
241 
242 static coroutine_fn void nbd_reconnect_attempt(BDRVNBDState *s)
243 {
244     Error *local_err = NULL;
245 
246     if (!nbd_client_connecting(s)) {
247         return;
248     }
249 
250     /* Wait for completion of all in-flight requests */
251 
252     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->send_mutex);
253 
254     while (s->in_flight > 0) {
255         qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->send_mutex);
256         nbd_recv_coroutines_wake_all(s);
257         s->wait_in_flight = true;
258         qemu_coroutine_yield();
259         s->wait_in_flight = false;
260         qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->send_mutex);
261     }
262 
263     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->send_mutex);
264 
265     if (!nbd_client_connecting(s)) {
266         return;
267     }
268 
269     /*
270      * Now we are sure that nobody is accessing the channel, and no one will
271      * try until we set the state to CONNECTED.
272      */
273 
274     /* Finalize previous connection if any */
275     if (s->ioc) {
276         nbd_client_detach_aio_context(s->bs);
277         object_unref(OBJECT(s->sioc));
278         s->sioc = NULL;
279         object_unref(OBJECT(s->ioc));
280         s->ioc = NULL;
281     }
282 
283     s->connect_status = nbd_client_connect(s->bs, &local_err);
284     error_free(s->connect_err);
285     s->connect_err = NULL;
286     error_propagate(&s->connect_err, local_err);
287 
288     if (s->connect_status < 0) {
289         /* failed attempt */
290         return;
291     }
292 
293     /* successfully connected */
294     s->state = NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED;
295     qemu_co_queue_restart_all(&s->free_sema);
296 }
297 
298 static coroutine_fn void nbd_co_reconnect_loop(BDRVNBDState *s)
299 {
300     uint64_t start_time_ns = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME);
301     uint64_t delay_ns = s->reconnect_delay * NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND;
302     uint64_t timeout = 1 * NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND;
303     uint64_t max_timeout = 16 * NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND;
304 
305     nbd_reconnect_attempt(s);
306 
307     while (nbd_client_connecting(s)) {
308         if (s->state == NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTING_WAIT &&
309             qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME) - start_time_ns > delay_ns)
310         {
311             s->state = NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTING_NOWAIT;
312             qemu_co_queue_restart_all(&s->free_sema);
313         }
314 
315         qemu_co_sleep_ns_wakeable(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME, timeout,
316                                   &s->connection_co_sleep_ns_state);
317         if (s->drained) {
318             bdrv_dec_in_flight(s->bs);
319             s->wait_drained_end = true;
320             while (s->drained) {
321                 /*
322                  * We may be entered once from nbd_client_attach_aio_context_bh
323                  * and then from nbd_client_co_drain_end. So here is a loop.
324                  */
325                 qemu_coroutine_yield();
326             }
327             bdrv_inc_in_flight(s->bs);
328         }
329         if (timeout < max_timeout) {
330             timeout *= 2;
331         }
332 
333         nbd_reconnect_attempt(s);
334     }
335 }
336 
337 static coroutine_fn void nbd_connection_entry(void *opaque)
338 {
339     BDRVNBDState *s = opaque;
340     uint64_t i;
341     int ret = 0;
342     Error *local_err = NULL;
343 
344     while (s->state != NBD_CLIENT_QUIT) {
345         /*
346          * The NBD client can only really be considered idle when it has
347          * yielded from qio_channel_readv_all_eof(), waiting for data. This is
348          * the point where the additional scheduled coroutine entry happens
349          * after nbd_client_attach_aio_context().
350          *
351          * Therefore we keep an additional in_flight reference all the time and
352          * only drop it temporarily here.
353          */
354 
355         if (nbd_client_connecting(s)) {
356             nbd_co_reconnect_loop(s);
357         }
358 
359         if (s->state != NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED) {
360             continue;
361         }
362 
363         assert(s->reply.handle == 0);
364         ret = nbd_receive_reply(s->bs, s->ioc, &s->reply, &local_err);
365 
366         if (local_err) {
367             trace_nbd_read_reply_entry_fail(ret, error_get_pretty(local_err));
368             error_free(local_err);
369             local_err = NULL;
370         }
371         if (ret <= 0) {
372             nbd_channel_error(s, ret ? ret : -EIO);
373             continue;
374         }
375 
376         /*
377          * There's no need for a mutex on the receive side, because the
378          * handler acts as a synchronization point and ensures that only
379          * one coroutine is called until the reply finishes.
380          */
381         i = HANDLE_TO_INDEX(s, s->reply.handle);
382         if (i >= MAX_NBD_REQUESTS ||
383             !s->requests[i].coroutine ||
384             !s->requests[i].receiving ||
385             (nbd_reply_is_structured(&s->reply) && !s->info.structured_reply))
386         {
387             nbd_channel_error(s, -EINVAL);
388             continue;
389         }
390 
391         /*
392          * We're woken up again by the request itself.  Note that there
393          * is no race between yielding and reentering connection_co.  This
394          * is because:
395          *
396          * - if the request runs on the same AioContext, it is only
397          *   entered after we yield
398          *
399          * - if the request runs on a different AioContext, reentering
400          *   connection_co happens through a bottom half, which can only
401          *   run after we yield.
402          */
403         aio_co_wake(s->requests[i].coroutine);
404         qemu_coroutine_yield();
405     }
406 
407     qemu_co_queue_restart_all(&s->free_sema);
408     nbd_recv_coroutines_wake_all(s);
409     bdrv_dec_in_flight(s->bs);
410 
411     s->connection_co = NULL;
412     if (s->ioc) {
413         nbd_client_detach_aio_context(s->bs);
414         object_unref(OBJECT(s->sioc));
415         s->sioc = NULL;
416         object_unref(OBJECT(s->ioc));
417         s->ioc = NULL;
418     }
419 
420     if (s->teardown_co) {
421         aio_co_wake(s->teardown_co);
422     }
423     aio_wait_kick();
424 }
425 
426 static int nbd_co_send_request(BlockDriverState *bs,
427                                NBDRequest *request,
428                                QEMUIOVector *qiov)
429 {
430     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
431     int rc, i = -1;
432 
433     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->send_mutex);
434     while (s->in_flight == MAX_NBD_REQUESTS || nbd_client_connecting_wait(s)) {
435         qemu_co_queue_wait(&s->free_sema, &s->send_mutex);
436     }
437 
438     if (s->state != NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED) {
439         rc = -EIO;
440         goto err;
441     }
442 
443     s->in_flight++;
444 
445     for (i = 0; i < MAX_NBD_REQUESTS; i++) {
446         if (s->requests[i].coroutine == NULL) {
447             break;
448         }
449     }
450 
451     g_assert(qemu_in_coroutine());
452     assert(i < MAX_NBD_REQUESTS);
453 
454     s->requests[i].coroutine = qemu_coroutine_self();
455     s->requests[i].offset = request->from;
456     s->requests[i].receiving = false;
457 
458     request->handle = INDEX_TO_HANDLE(s, i);
459 
460     assert(s->ioc);
461 
462     if (qiov) {
463         qio_channel_set_cork(s->ioc, true);
464         rc = nbd_send_request(s->ioc, request);
465         if (rc >= 0 && s->state == NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED) {
466             if (qio_channel_writev_all(s->ioc, qiov->iov, qiov->niov,
467                                        NULL) < 0) {
468                 rc = -EIO;
469             }
470         } else if (rc >= 0) {
471             rc = -EIO;
472         }
473         qio_channel_set_cork(s->ioc, false);
474     } else {
475         rc = nbd_send_request(s->ioc, request);
476     }
477 
478 err:
479     if (rc < 0) {
480         nbd_channel_error(s, rc);
481         if (i != -1) {
482             s->requests[i].coroutine = NULL;
483             s->in_flight--;
484         }
485         if (s->in_flight == 0 && s->wait_in_flight) {
486             aio_co_wake(s->connection_co);
487         } else {
488             qemu_co_queue_next(&s->free_sema);
489         }
490     }
491     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->send_mutex);
492     return rc;
493 }
494 
495 static inline uint16_t payload_advance16(uint8_t **payload)
496 {
497     *payload += 2;
498     return lduw_be_p(*payload - 2);
499 }
500 
501 static inline uint32_t payload_advance32(uint8_t **payload)
502 {
503     *payload += 4;
504     return ldl_be_p(*payload - 4);
505 }
506 
507 static inline uint64_t payload_advance64(uint8_t **payload)
508 {
509     *payload += 8;
510     return ldq_be_p(*payload - 8);
511 }
512 
513 static int nbd_parse_offset_hole_payload(BDRVNBDState *s,
514                                          NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk,
515                                          uint8_t *payload, uint64_t orig_offset,
516                                          QEMUIOVector *qiov, Error **errp)
517 {
518     uint64_t offset;
519     uint32_t hole_size;
520 
521     if (chunk->length != sizeof(offset) + sizeof(hole_size)) {
522         error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: invalid payload for "
523                          "NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE");
524         return -EINVAL;
525     }
526 
527     offset = payload_advance64(&payload);
528     hole_size = payload_advance32(&payload);
529 
530     if (!hole_size || offset < orig_offset || hole_size > qiov->size ||
531         offset > orig_offset + qiov->size - hole_size) {
532         error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: server sent chunk exceeding requested"
533                          " region");
534         return -EINVAL;
535     }
536     if (s->info.min_block &&
537         !QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(hole_size, s->info.min_block)) {
538         trace_nbd_structured_read_compliance("hole");
539     }
540 
541     qemu_iovec_memset(qiov, offset - orig_offset, 0, hole_size);
542 
543     return 0;
544 }
545 
546 /*
547  * nbd_parse_blockstatus_payload
548  * Based on our request, we expect only one extent in reply, for the
549  * base:allocation context.
550  */
551 static int nbd_parse_blockstatus_payload(BDRVNBDState *s,
552                                          NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk,
553                                          uint8_t *payload, uint64_t orig_length,
554                                          NBDExtent *extent, Error **errp)
555 {
556     uint32_t context_id;
557 
558     /* The server succeeded, so it must have sent [at least] one extent */
559     if (chunk->length < sizeof(context_id) + sizeof(*extent)) {
560         error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: invalid payload for "
561                          "NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS");
562         return -EINVAL;
563     }
564 
565     context_id = payload_advance32(&payload);
566     if (s->info.context_id != context_id) {
567         error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: unexpected context id %d for "
568                          "NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS, when negotiated context "
569                          "id is %d", context_id,
570                          s->info.context_id);
571         return -EINVAL;
572     }
573 
574     extent->length = payload_advance32(&payload);
575     extent->flags = payload_advance32(&payload);
576 
577     if (extent->length == 0) {
578         error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: server sent status chunk with "
579                    "zero length");
580         return -EINVAL;
581     }
582 
583     /*
584      * A server sending unaligned block status is in violation of the
585      * protocol, but as qemu-nbd 3.1 is such a server (at least for
586      * POSIX files that are not a multiple of 512 bytes, since qemu
587      * rounds files up to 512-byte multiples but lseek(SEEK_HOLE)
588      * still sees an implicit hole beyond the real EOF), it's nicer to
589      * work around the misbehaving server. If the request included
590      * more than the final unaligned block, truncate it back to an
591      * aligned result; if the request was only the final block, round
592      * up to the full block and change the status to fully-allocated
593      * (always a safe status, even if it loses information).
594      */
595     if (s->info.min_block && !QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(extent->length,
596                                                    s->info.min_block)) {
597         trace_nbd_parse_blockstatus_compliance("extent length is unaligned");
598         if (extent->length > s->info.min_block) {
599             extent->length = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(extent->length,
600                                              s->info.min_block);
601         } else {
602             extent->length = s->info.min_block;
603             extent->flags = 0;
604         }
605     }
606 
607     /*
608      * We used NBD_CMD_FLAG_REQ_ONE, so the server should not have
609      * sent us any more than one extent, nor should it have included
610      * status beyond our request in that extent. However, it's easy
611      * enough to ignore the server's noncompliance without killing the
612      * connection; just ignore trailing extents, and clamp things to
613      * the length of our request.
614      */
615     if (chunk->length > sizeof(context_id) + sizeof(*extent)) {
616         trace_nbd_parse_blockstatus_compliance("more than one extent");
617     }
618     if (extent->length > orig_length) {
619         extent->length = orig_length;
620         trace_nbd_parse_blockstatus_compliance("extent length too large");
621     }
622 
623     return 0;
624 }
625 
626 /*
627  * nbd_parse_error_payload
628  * on success @errp contains message describing nbd error reply
629  */
630 static int nbd_parse_error_payload(NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk,
631                                    uint8_t *payload, int *request_ret,
632                                    Error **errp)
633 {
634     uint32_t error;
635     uint16_t message_size;
636 
637     assert(chunk->type & (1 << 15));
638 
639     if (chunk->length < sizeof(error) + sizeof(message_size)) {
640         error_setg(errp,
641                    "Protocol error: invalid payload for structured error");
642         return -EINVAL;
643     }
644 
645     error = nbd_errno_to_system_errno(payload_advance32(&payload));
646     if (error == 0) {
647         error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: server sent structured error chunk "
648                          "with error = 0");
649         return -EINVAL;
650     }
651 
652     *request_ret = -error;
653     message_size = payload_advance16(&payload);
654 
655     if (message_size > chunk->length - sizeof(error) - sizeof(message_size)) {
656         error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: server sent structured error chunk "
657                          "with incorrect message size");
658         return -EINVAL;
659     }
660 
661     /* TODO: Add a trace point to mention the server complaint */
662 
663     /* TODO handle ERROR_OFFSET */
664 
665     return 0;
666 }
667 
668 static int nbd_co_receive_offset_data_payload(BDRVNBDState *s,
669                                               uint64_t orig_offset,
670                                               QEMUIOVector *qiov, Error **errp)
671 {
672     QEMUIOVector sub_qiov;
673     uint64_t offset;
674     size_t data_size;
675     int ret;
676     NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk = &s->reply.structured;
677 
678     assert(nbd_reply_is_structured(&s->reply));
679 
680     /* The NBD spec requires at least one byte of payload */
681     if (chunk->length <= sizeof(offset)) {
682         error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: invalid payload for "
683                          "NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA");
684         return -EINVAL;
685     }
686 
687     if (nbd_read64(s->ioc, &offset, "OFFSET_DATA offset", errp) < 0) {
688         return -EIO;
689     }
690 
691     data_size = chunk->length - sizeof(offset);
692     assert(data_size);
693     if (offset < orig_offset || data_size > qiov->size ||
694         offset > orig_offset + qiov->size - data_size) {
695         error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: server sent chunk exceeding requested"
696                          " region");
697         return -EINVAL;
698     }
699     if (s->info.min_block && !QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(data_size, s->info.min_block)) {
700         trace_nbd_structured_read_compliance("data");
701     }
702 
703     qemu_iovec_init(&sub_qiov, qiov->niov);
704     qemu_iovec_concat(&sub_qiov, qiov, offset - orig_offset, data_size);
705     ret = qio_channel_readv_all(s->ioc, sub_qiov.iov, sub_qiov.niov, errp);
706     qemu_iovec_destroy(&sub_qiov);
707 
708     return ret < 0 ? -EIO : 0;
709 }
710 
711 #define NBD_MAX_MALLOC_PAYLOAD 1000
712 static coroutine_fn int nbd_co_receive_structured_payload(
713         BDRVNBDState *s, void **payload, Error **errp)
714 {
715     int ret;
716     uint32_t len;
717 
718     assert(nbd_reply_is_structured(&s->reply));
719 
720     len = s->reply.structured.length;
721 
722     if (len == 0) {
723         return 0;
724     }
725 
726     if (payload == NULL) {
727         error_setg(errp, "Unexpected structured payload");
728         return -EINVAL;
729     }
730 
731     if (len > NBD_MAX_MALLOC_PAYLOAD) {
732         error_setg(errp, "Payload too large");
733         return -EINVAL;
734     }
735 
736     *payload = g_new(char, len);
737     ret = nbd_read(s->ioc, *payload, len, "structured payload", errp);
738     if (ret < 0) {
739         g_free(*payload);
740         *payload = NULL;
741         return ret;
742     }
743 
744     return 0;
745 }
746 
747 /*
748  * nbd_co_do_receive_one_chunk
749  * for simple reply:
750  *   set request_ret to received reply error
751  *   if qiov is not NULL: read payload to @qiov
752  * for structured reply chunk:
753  *   if error chunk: read payload, set @request_ret, do not set @payload
754  *   else if offset_data chunk: read payload data to @qiov, do not set @payload
755  *   else: read payload to @payload
756  *
757  * If function fails, @errp contains corresponding error message, and the
758  * connection with the server is suspect.  If it returns 0, then the
759  * transaction succeeded (although @request_ret may be a negative errno
760  * corresponding to the server's error reply), and errp is unchanged.
761  */
762 static coroutine_fn int nbd_co_do_receive_one_chunk(
763         BDRVNBDState *s, uint64_t handle, bool only_structured,
764         int *request_ret, QEMUIOVector *qiov, void **payload, Error **errp)
765 {
766     int ret;
767     int i = HANDLE_TO_INDEX(s, handle);
768     void *local_payload = NULL;
769     NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk;
770 
771     if (payload) {
772         *payload = NULL;
773     }
774     *request_ret = 0;
775 
776     /* Wait until we're woken up by nbd_connection_entry.  */
777     s->requests[i].receiving = true;
778     qemu_coroutine_yield();
779     s->requests[i].receiving = false;
780     if (s->state != NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED) {
781         error_setg(errp, "Connection closed");
782         return -EIO;
783     }
784     assert(s->ioc);
785 
786     assert(s->reply.handle == handle);
787 
788     if (nbd_reply_is_simple(&s->reply)) {
789         if (only_structured) {
790             error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: simple reply when structured "
791                              "reply chunk was expected");
792             return -EINVAL;
793         }
794 
795         *request_ret = -nbd_errno_to_system_errno(s->reply.simple.error);
796         if (*request_ret < 0 || !qiov) {
797             return 0;
798         }
799 
800         return qio_channel_readv_all(s->ioc, qiov->iov, qiov->niov,
801                                      errp) < 0 ? -EIO : 0;
802     }
803 
804     /* handle structured reply chunk */
805     assert(s->info.structured_reply);
806     chunk = &s->reply.structured;
807 
808     if (chunk->type == NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE) {
809         if (!(chunk->flags & NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE)) {
810             error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE chunk without"
811                        " NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE flag set");
812             return -EINVAL;
813         }
814         if (chunk->length) {
815             error_setg(errp, "Protocol error: NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE chunk with"
816                        " nonzero length");
817             return -EINVAL;
818         }
819         return 0;
820     }
821 
822     if (chunk->type == NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA) {
823         if (!qiov) {
824             error_setg(errp, "Unexpected NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA chunk");
825             return -EINVAL;
826         }
827 
828         return nbd_co_receive_offset_data_payload(s, s->requests[i].offset,
829                                                   qiov, errp);
830     }
831 
832     if (nbd_reply_type_is_error(chunk->type)) {
833         payload = &local_payload;
834     }
835 
836     ret = nbd_co_receive_structured_payload(s, payload, errp);
837     if (ret < 0) {
838         return ret;
839     }
840 
841     if (nbd_reply_type_is_error(chunk->type)) {
842         ret = nbd_parse_error_payload(chunk, local_payload, request_ret, errp);
843         g_free(local_payload);
844         return ret;
845     }
846 
847     return 0;
848 }
849 
850 /*
851  * nbd_co_receive_one_chunk
852  * Read reply, wake up connection_co and set s->quit if needed.
853  * Return value is a fatal error code or normal nbd reply error code
854  */
855 static coroutine_fn int nbd_co_receive_one_chunk(
856         BDRVNBDState *s, uint64_t handle, bool only_structured,
857         int *request_ret, QEMUIOVector *qiov, NBDReply *reply, void **payload,
858         Error **errp)
859 {
860     int ret = nbd_co_do_receive_one_chunk(s, handle, only_structured,
861                                           request_ret, qiov, payload, errp);
862 
863     if (ret < 0) {
864         memset(reply, 0, sizeof(*reply));
865         nbd_channel_error(s, ret);
866     } else {
867         /* For assert at loop start in nbd_connection_entry */
868         *reply = s->reply;
869     }
870     s->reply.handle = 0;
871 
872     if (s->connection_co && !s->wait_in_flight) {
873         /*
874          * We must check s->wait_in_flight, because we may entered by
875          * nbd_recv_coroutines_wake_all(), in this case we should not
876          * wake connection_co here, it will woken by last request.
877          */
878         aio_co_wake(s->connection_co);
879     }
880 
881     return ret;
882 }
883 
884 typedef struct NBDReplyChunkIter {
885     int ret;
886     int request_ret;
887     Error *err;
888     bool done, only_structured;
889 } NBDReplyChunkIter;
890 
891 static void nbd_iter_channel_error(NBDReplyChunkIter *iter,
892                                    int ret, Error **local_err)
893 {
894     assert(local_err && *local_err);
895     assert(ret < 0);
896 
897     if (!iter->ret) {
898         iter->ret = ret;
899         error_propagate(&iter->err, *local_err);
900     } else {
901         error_free(*local_err);
902     }
903 
904     *local_err = NULL;
905 }
906 
907 static void nbd_iter_request_error(NBDReplyChunkIter *iter, int ret)
908 {
909     assert(ret < 0);
910 
911     if (!iter->request_ret) {
912         iter->request_ret = ret;
913     }
914 }
915 
916 /*
917  * NBD_FOREACH_REPLY_CHUNK
918  * The pointer stored in @payload requires g_free() to free it.
919  */
920 #define NBD_FOREACH_REPLY_CHUNK(s, iter, handle, structured, \
921                                 qiov, reply, payload) \
922     for (iter = (NBDReplyChunkIter) { .only_structured = structured }; \
923          nbd_reply_chunk_iter_receive(s, &iter, handle, qiov, reply, payload);)
924 
925 /*
926  * nbd_reply_chunk_iter_receive
927  * The pointer stored in @payload requires g_free() to free it.
928  */
929 static bool nbd_reply_chunk_iter_receive(BDRVNBDState *s,
930                                          NBDReplyChunkIter *iter,
931                                          uint64_t handle,
932                                          QEMUIOVector *qiov, NBDReply *reply,
933                                          void **payload)
934 {
935     int ret, request_ret;
936     NBDReply local_reply;
937     NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk;
938     Error *local_err = NULL;
939     if (s->state != NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED) {
940         error_setg(&local_err, "Connection closed");
941         nbd_iter_channel_error(iter, -EIO, &local_err);
942         goto break_loop;
943     }
944 
945     if (iter->done) {
946         /* Previous iteration was last. */
947         goto break_loop;
948     }
949 
950     if (reply == NULL) {
951         reply = &local_reply;
952     }
953 
954     ret = nbd_co_receive_one_chunk(s, handle, iter->only_structured,
955                                    &request_ret, qiov, reply, payload,
956                                    &local_err);
957     if (ret < 0) {
958         nbd_iter_channel_error(iter, ret, &local_err);
959     } else if (request_ret < 0) {
960         nbd_iter_request_error(iter, request_ret);
961     }
962 
963     /* Do not execute the body of NBD_FOREACH_REPLY_CHUNK for simple reply. */
964     if (nbd_reply_is_simple(reply) || s->state != NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED) {
965         goto break_loop;
966     }
967 
968     chunk = &reply->structured;
969     iter->only_structured = true;
970 
971     if (chunk->type == NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE) {
972         /* NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE is already checked in nbd_co_receive_one_chunk */
973         assert(chunk->flags & NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE);
974         goto break_loop;
975     }
976 
977     if (chunk->flags & NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE) {
978         /* This iteration is last. */
979         iter->done = true;
980     }
981 
982     /* Execute the loop body */
983     return true;
984 
985 break_loop:
986     s->requests[HANDLE_TO_INDEX(s, handle)].coroutine = NULL;
987 
988     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->send_mutex);
989     s->in_flight--;
990     if (s->in_flight == 0 && s->wait_in_flight) {
991         aio_co_wake(s->connection_co);
992     } else {
993         qemu_co_queue_next(&s->free_sema);
994     }
995     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->send_mutex);
996 
997     return false;
998 }
999 
1000 static int nbd_co_receive_return_code(BDRVNBDState *s, uint64_t handle,
1001                                       int *request_ret, Error **errp)
1002 {
1003     NBDReplyChunkIter iter;
1004 
1005     NBD_FOREACH_REPLY_CHUNK(s, iter, handle, false, NULL, NULL, NULL) {
1006         /* nbd_reply_chunk_iter_receive does all the work */
1007     }
1008 
1009     error_propagate(errp, iter.err);
1010     *request_ret = iter.request_ret;
1011     return iter.ret;
1012 }
1013 
1014 static int nbd_co_receive_cmdread_reply(BDRVNBDState *s, uint64_t handle,
1015                                         uint64_t offset, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1016                                         int *request_ret, Error **errp)
1017 {
1018     NBDReplyChunkIter iter;
1019     NBDReply reply;
1020     void *payload = NULL;
1021     Error *local_err = NULL;
1022 
1023     NBD_FOREACH_REPLY_CHUNK(s, iter, handle, s->info.structured_reply,
1024                             qiov, &reply, &payload)
1025     {
1026         int ret;
1027         NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk = &reply.structured;
1028 
1029         assert(nbd_reply_is_structured(&reply));
1030 
1031         switch (chunk->type) {
1032         case NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA:
1033             /*
1034              * special cased in nbd_co_receive_one_chunk, data is already
1035              * in qiov
1036              */
1037             break;
1038         case NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE:
1039             ret = nbd_parse_offset_hole_payload(s, &reply.structured, payload,
1040                                                 offset, qiov, &local_err);
1041             if (ret < 0) {
1042                 nbd_channel_error(s, ret);
1043                 nbd_iter_channel_error(&iter, ret, &local_err);
1044             }
1045             break;
1046         default:
1047             if (!nbd_reply_type_is_error(chunk->type)) {
1048                 /* not allowed reply type */
1049                 nbd_channel_error(s, -EINVAL);
1050                 error_setg(&local_err,
1051                            "Unexpected reply type: %d (%s) for CMD_READ",
1052                            chunk->type, nbd_reply_type_lookup(chunk->type));
1053                 nbd_iter_channel_error(&iter, -EINVAL, &local_err);
1054             }
1055         }
1056 
1057         g_free(payload);
1058         payload = NULL;
1059     }
1060 
1061     error_propagate(errp, iter.err);
1062     *request_ret = iter.request_ret;
1063     return iter.ret;
1064 }
1065 
1066 static int nbd_co_receive_blockstatus_reply(BDRVNBDState *s,
1067                                             uint64_t handle, uint64_t length,
1068                                             NBDExtent *extent,
1069                                             int *request_ret, Error **errp)
1070 {
1071     NBDReplyChunkIter iter;
1072     NBDReply reply;
1073     void *payload = NULL;
1074     Error *local_err = NULL;
1075     bool received = false;
1076 
1077     assert(!extent->length);
1078     NBD_FOREACH_REPLY_CHUNK(s, iter, handle, false, NULL, &reply, &payload) {
1079         int ret;
1080         NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk = &reply.structured;
1081 
1082         assert(nbd_reply_is_structured(&reply));
1083 
1084         switch (chunk->type) {
1085         case NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS:
1086             if (received) {
1087                 nbd_channel_error(s, -EINVAL);
1088                 error_setg(&local_err, "Several BLOCK_STATUS chunks in reply");
1089                 nbd_iter_channel_error(&iter, -EINVAL, &local_err);
1090             }
1091             received = true;
1092 
1093             ret = nbd_parse_blockstatus_payload(s, &reply.structured,
1094                                                 payload, length, extent,
1095                                                 &local_err);
1096             if (ret < 0) {
1097                 nbd_channel_error(s, ret);
1098                 nbd_iter_channel_error(&iter, ret, &local_err);
1099             }
1100             break;
1101         default:
1102             if (!nbd_reply_type_is_error(chunk->type)) {
1103                 nbd_channel_error(s, -EINVAL);
1104                 error_setg(&local_err,
1105                            "Unexpected reply type: %d (%s) "
1106                            "for CMD_BLOCK_STATUS",
1107                            chunk->type, nbd_reply_type_lookup(chunk->type));
1108                 nbd_iter_channel_error(&iter, -EINVAL, &local_err);
1109             }
1110         }
1111 
1112         g_free(payload);
1113         payload = NULL;
1114     }
1115 
1116     if (!extent->length && !iter.request_ret) {
1117         error_setg(&local_err, "Server did not reply with any status extents");
1118         nbd_iter_channel_error(&iter, -EIO, &local_err);
1119     }
1120 
1121     error_propagate(errp, iter.err);
1122     *request_ret = iter.request_ret;
1123     return iter.ret;
1124 }
1125 
1126 static int nbd_co_request(BlockDriverState *bs, NBDRequest *request,
1127                           QEMUIOVector *write_qiov)
1128 {
1129     int ret, request_ret;
1130     Error *local_err = NULL;
1131     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1132 
1133     assert(request->type != NBD_CMD_READ);
1134     if (write_qiov) {
1135         assert(request->type == NBD_CMD_WRITE);
1136         assert(request->len == iov_size(write_qiov->iov, write_qiov->niov));
1137     } else {
1138         assert(request->type != NBD_CMD_WRITE);
1139     }
1140 
1141     do {
1142         ret = nbd_co_send_request(bs, request, write_qiov);
1143         if (ret < 0) {
1144             continue;
1145         }
1146 
1147         ret = nbd_co_receive_return_code(s, request->handle,
1148                                          &request_ret, &local_err);
1149         if (local_err) {
1150             trace_nbd_co_request_fail(request->from, request->len,
1151                                       request->handle, request->flags,
1152                                       request->type,
1153                                       nbd_cmd_lookup(request->type),
1154                                       ret, error_get_pretty(local_err));
1155             error_free(local_err);
1156             local_err = NULL;
1157         }
1158     } while (ret < 0 && nbd_client_connecting_wait(s));
1159 
1160     return ret ? ret : request_ret;
1161 }
1162 
1163 static int nbd_client_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1164                                 uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
1165 {
1166     int ret, request_ret;
1167     Error *local_err = NULL;
1168     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1169     NBDRequest request = {
1170         .type = NBD_CMD_READ,
1171         .from = offset,
1172         .len = bytes,
1173     };
1174 
1175     assert(bytes <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
1176     assert(!flags);
1177 
1178     if (!bytes) {
1179         return 0;
1180     }
1181     /*
1182      * Work around the fact that the block layer doesn't do
1183      * byte-accurate sizing yet - if the read exceeds the server's
1184      * advertised size because the block layer rounded size up, then
1185      * truncate the request to the server and tail-pad with zero.
1186      */
1187     if (offset >= s->info.size) {
1188         assert(bytes < BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1189         qemu_iovec_memset(qiov, 0, 0, bytes);
1190         return 0;
1191     }
1192     if (offset + bytes > s->info.size) {
1193         uint64_t slop = offset + bytes - s->info.size;
1194 
1195         assert(slop < BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1196         qemu_iovec_memset(qiov, bytes - slop, 0, slop);
1197         request.len -= slop;
1198     }
1199 
1200     do {
1201         ret = nbd_co_send_request(bs, &request, NULL);
1202         if (ret < 0) {
1203             continue;
1204         }
1205 
1206         ret = nbd_co_receive_cmdread_reply(s, request.handle, offset, qiov,
1207                                            &request_ret, &local_err);
1208         if (local_err) {
1209             trace_nbd_co_request_fail(request.from, request.len, request.handle,
1210                                       request.flags, request.type,
1211                                       nbd_cmd_lookup(request.type),
1212                                       ret, error_get_pretty(local_err));
1213             error_free(local_err);
1214             local_err = NULL;
1215         }
1216     } while (ret < 0 && nbd_client_connecting_wait(s));
1217 
1218     return ret ? ret : request_ret;
1219 }
1220 
1221 static int nbd_client_co_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
1222                                  uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
1223 {
1224     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1225     NBDRequest request = {
1226         .type = NBD_CMD_WRITE,
1227         .from = offset,
1228         .len = bytes,
1229     };
1230 
1231     assert(!(s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY));
1232     if (flags & BDRV_REQ_FUA) {
1233         assert(s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA);
1234         request.flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA;
1235     }
1236 
1237     assert(bytes <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
1238 
1239     if (!bytes) {
1240         return 0;
1241     }
1242     return nbd_co_request(bs, &request, qiov);
1243 }
1244 
1245 static int nbd_client_co_pwrite_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
1246                                        int bytes, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
1247 {
1248     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1249     NBDRequest request = {
1250         .type = NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES,
1251         .from = offset,
1252         .len = bytes,
1253     };
1254 
1255     assert(!(s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY));
1256     if (!(s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES)) {
1257         return -ENOTSUP;
1258     }
1259 
1260     if (flags & BDRV_REQ_FUA) {
1261         assert(s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA);
1262         request.flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA;
1263     }
1264     if (!(flags & BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP)) {
1265         request.flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_NO_HOLE;
1266     }
1267     if (flags & BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK) {
1268         assert(s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_FAST_ZERO);
1269         request.flags |= NBD_CMD_FLAG_FAST_ZERO;
1270     }
1271 
1272     if (!bytes) {
1273         return 0;
1274     }
1275     return nbd_co_request(bs, &request, NULL);
1276 }
1277 
1278 static int nbd_client_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
1279 {
1280     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1281     NBDRequest request = { .type = NBD_CMD_FLUSH };
1282 
1283     if (!(s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH)) {
1284         return 0;
1285     }
1286 
1287     request.from = 0;
1288     request.len = 0;
1289 
1290     return nbd_co_request(bs, &request, NULL);
1291 }
1292 
1293 static int nbd_client_co_pdiscard(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
1294                                   int bytes)
1295 {
1296     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1297     NBDRequest request = {
1298         .type = NBD_CMD_TRIM,
1299         .from = offset,
1300         .len = bytes,
1301     };
1302 
1303     assert(!(s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY));
1304     if (!(s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_TRIM) || !bytes) {
1305         return 0;
1306     }
1307 
1308     return nbd_co_request(bs, &request, NULL);
1309 }
1310 
1311 static int coroutine_fn nbd_client_co_block_status(
1312         BlockDriverState *bs, bool want_zero, int64_t offset, int64_t bytes,
1313         int64_t *pnum, int64_t *map, BlockDriverState **file)
1314 {
1315     int ret, request_ret;
1316     NBDExtent extent = { 0 };
1317     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1318     Error *local_err = NULL;
1319 
1320     NBDRequest request = {
1321         .type = NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS,
1322         .from = offset,
1323         .len = MIN(MIN_NON_ZERO(QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(INT_MAX,
1324                                                 bs->bl.request_alignment),
1325                                 s->info.max_block),
1326                    MIN(bytes, s->info.size - offset)),
1327         .flags = NBD_CMD_FLAG_REQ_ONE,
1328     };
1329 
1330     if (!s->info.base_allocation) {
1331         *pnum = bytes;
1332         *map = offset;
1333         *file = bs;
1334         return BDRV_BLOCK_DATA | BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID;
1335     }
1336 
1337     /*
1338      * Work around the fact that the block layer doesn't do
1339      * byte-accurate sizing yet - if the status request exceeds the
1340      * server's advertised size because the block layer rounded size
1341      * up, we truncated the request to the server (above), or are
1342      * called on just the hole.
1343      */
1344     if (offset >= s->info.size) {
1345         *pnum = bytes;
1346         assert(bytes < BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1347         /* Intentionally don't report offset_valid for the hole */
1348         return BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
1349     }
1350 
1351     if (s->info.min_block) {
1352         assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(request.len, s->info.min_block));
1353     }
1354     do {
1355         ret = nbd_co_send_request(bs, &request, NULL);
1356         if (ret < 0) {
1357             continue;
1358         }
1359 
1360         ret = nbd_co_receive_blockstatus_reply(s, request.handle, bytes,
1361                                                &extent, &request_ret,
1362                                                &local_err);
1363         if (local_err) {
1364             trace_nbd_co_request_fail(request.from, request.len, request.handle,
1365                                       request.flags, request.type,
1366                                       nbd_cmd_lookup(request.type),
1367                                       ret, error_get_pretty(local_err));
1368             error_free(local_err);
1369             local_err = NULL;
1370         }
1371     } while (ret < 0 && nbd_client_connecting_wait(s));
1372 
1373     if (ret < 0 || request_ret < 0) {
1374         return ret ? ret : request_ret;
1375     }
1376 
1377     assert(extent.length);
1378     *pnum = extent.length;
1379     *map = offset;
1380     *file = bs;
1381     return (extent.flags & NBD_STATE_HOLE ? 0 : BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) |
1382         (extent.flags & NBD_STATE_ZERO ? BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO : 0) |
1383         BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID;
1384 }
1385 
1386 static int nbd_client_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
1387                                      BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
1388 {
1389     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)state->bs->opaque;
1390 
1391     if ((state->flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) && (s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY)) {
1392         error_setg(errp, "Can't reopen read-only NBD mount as read/write");
1393         return -EACCES;
1394     }
1395     return 0;
1396 }
1397 
1398 static void nbd_client_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
1399 {
1400     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1401     NBDRequest request = { .type = NBD_CMD_DISC };
1402 
1403     if (s->ioc) {
1404         nbd_send_request(s->ioc, &request);
1405     }
1406 
1407     nbd_teardown_connection(bs);
1408 }
1409 
1410 static QIOChannelSocket *nbd_establish_connection(SocketAddress *saddr,
1411                                                   Error **errp)
1412 {
1413     QIOChannelSocket *sioc;
1414     Error *local_err = NULL;
1415 
1416     sioc = qio_channel_socket_new();
1417     qio_channel_set_name(QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), "nbd-client");
1418 
1419     qio_channel_socket_connect_sync(sioc, saddr, &local_err);
1420     if (local_err) {
1421         object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
1422         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1423         return NULL;
1424     }
1425 
1426     qio_channel_set_delay(QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), false);
1427 
1428     return sioc;
1429 }
1430 
1431 static int nbd_client_connect(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1432 {
1433     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1434     AioContext *aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
1435     int ret;
1436 
1437     /*
1438      * establish TCP connection, return error if it fails
1439      * TODO: Configurable retry-until-timeout behaviour.
1440      */
1441     QIOChannelSocket *sioc = nbd_establish_connection(s->saddr, errp);
1442 
1443     if (!sioc) {
1444         return -ECONNREFUSED;
1445     }
1446 
1447     /* NBD handshake */
1448     trace_nbd_client_connect(s->export);
1449     qio_channel_set_blocking(QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), false, NULL);
1450     qio_channel_attach_aio_context(QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), aio_context);
1451 
1452     s->info.request_sizes = true;
1453     s->info.structured_reply = true;
1454     s->info.base_allocation = true;
1455     s->info.x_dirty_bitmap = g_strdup(s->x_dirty_bitmap);
1456     s->info.name = g_strdup(s->export ?: "");
1457     ret = nbd_receive_negotiate(aio_context, QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), s->tlscreds,
1458                                 s->hostname, &s->ioc, &s->info, errp);
1459     g_free(s->info.x_dirty_bitmap);
1460     g_free(s->info.name);
1461     if (ret < 0) {
1462         object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
1463         return ret;
1464     }
1465     if (s->x_dirty_bitmap && !s->info.base_allocation) {
1466         error_setg(errp, "requested x-dirty-bitmap %s not found",
1467                    s->x_dirty_bitmap);
1468         ret = -EINVAL;
1469         goto fail;
1470     }
1471     if (s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY) {
1472         ret = bdrv_apply_auto_read_only(bs, "NBD export is read-only", errp);
1473         if (ret < 0) {
1474             goto fail;
1475         }
1476     }
1477     if (s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_FUA) {
1478         bs->supported_write_flags = BDRV_REQ_FUA;
1479         bs->supported_zero_flags |= BDRV_REQ_FUA;
1480     }
1481     if (s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_WRITE_ZEROES) {
1482         bs->supported_zero_flags |= BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP;
1483         if (s->info.flags & NBD_FLAG_SEND_FAST_ZERO) {
1484             bs->supported_zero_flags |= BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK;
1485         }
1486     }
1487 
1488     s->sioc = sioc;
1489 
1490     if (!s->ioc) {
1491         s->ioc = QIO_CHANNEL(sioc);
1492         object_ref(OBJECT(s->ioc));
1493     }
1494 
1495     trace_nbd_client_connect_success(s->export);
1496 
1497     return 0;
1498 
1499  fail:
1500     /*
1501      * We have connected, but must fail for other reasons.
1502      * Send NBD_CMD_DISC as a courtesy to the server.
1503      */
1504     {
1505         NBDRequest request = { .type = NBD_CMD_DISC };
1506 
1507         nbd_send_request(s->ioc ?: QIO_CHANNEL(sioc), &request);
1508 
1509         object_unref(OBJECT(sioc));
1510 
1511         return ret;
1512     }
1513 }
1514 
1515 /*
1516  * Parse nbd_open options
1517  */
1518 
1519 static int nbd_parse_uri(const char *filename, QDict *options)
1520 {
1521     URI *uri;
1522     const char *p;
1523     QueryParams *qp = NULL;
1524     int ret = 0;
1525     bool is_unix;
1526 
1527     uri = uri_parse(filename);
1528     if (!uri) {
1529         return -EINVAL;
1530     }
1531 
1532     /* transport */
1533     if (!g_strcmp0(uri->scheme, "nbd")) {
1534         is_unix = false;
1535     } else if (!g_strcmp0(uri->scheme, "nbd+tcp")) {
1536         is_unix = false;
1537     } else if (!g_strcmp0(uri->scheme, "nbd+unix")) {
1538         is_unix = true;
1539     } else {
1540         ret = -EINVAL;
1541         goto out;
1542     }
1543 
1544     p = uri->path ? uri->path : "";
1545     if (p[0] == '/') {
1546         p++;
1547     }
1548     if (p[0]) {
1549         qdict_put_str(options, "export", p);
1550     }
1551 
1552     qp = query_params_parse(uri->query);
1553     if (qp->n > 1 || (is_unix && !qp->n) || (!is_unix && qp->n)) {
1554         ret = -EINVAL;
1555         goto out;
1556     }
1557 
1558     if (is_unix) {
1559         /* nbd+unix:///export?socket=path */
1560         if (uri->server || uri->port || strcmp(qp->p[0].name, "socket")) {
1561             ret = -EINVAL;
1562             goto out;
1563         }
1564         qdict_put_str(options, "server.type", "unix");
1565         qdict_put_str(options, "server.path", qp->p[0].value);
1566     } else {
1567         QString *host;
1568         char *port_str;
1569 
1570         /* nbd[+tcp]://host[:port]/export */
1571         if (!uri->server) {
1572             ret = -EINVAL;
1573             goto out;
1574         }
1575 
1576         /* strip braces from literal IPv6 address */
1577         if (uri->server[0] == '[') {
1578             host = qstring_from_substr(uri->server, 1,
1579                                        strlen(uri->server) - 1);
1580         } else {
1581             host = qstring_from_str(uri->server);
1582         }
1583 
1584         qdict_put_str(options, "server.type", "inet");
1585         qdict_put(options, "server.host", host);
1586 
1587         port_str = g_strdup_printf("%d", uri->port ?: NBD_DEFAULT_PORT);
1588         qdict_put_str(options, "server.port", port_str);
1589         g_free(port_str);
1590     }
1591 
1592 out:
1593     if (qp) {
1594         query_params_free(qp);
1595     }
1596     uri_free(uri);
1597     return ret;
1598 }
1599 
1600 static bool nbd_has_filename_options_conflict(QDict *options, Error **errp)
1601 {
1602     const QDictEntry *e;
1603 
1604     for (e = qdict_first(options); e; e = qdict_next(options, e)) {
1605         if (!strcmp(e->key, "host") ||
1606             !strcmp(e->key, "port") ||
1607             !strcmp(e->key, "path") ||
1608             !strcmp(e->key, "export") ||
1609             strstart(e->key, "server.", NULL))
1610         {
1611             error_setg(errp, "Option '%s' cannot be used with a file name",
1612                        e->key);
1613             return true;
1614         }
1615     }
1616 
1617     return false;
1618 }
1619 
1620 static void nbd_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
1621                                Error **errp)
1622 {
1623     g_autofree char *file = NULL;
1624     char *export_name;
1625     const char *host_spec;
1626     const char *unixpath;
1627 
1628     if (nbd_has_filename_options_conflict(options, errp)) {
1629         return;
1630     }
1631 
1632     if (strstr(filename, "://")) {
1633         int ret = nbd_parse_uri(filename, options);
1634         if (ret < 0) {
1635             error_setg(errp, "No valid URL specified");
1636         }
1637         return;
1638     }
1639 
1640     file = g_strdup(filename);
1641 
1642     export_name = strstr(file, EN_OPTSTR);
1643     if (export_name) {
1644         if (export_name[strlen(EN_OPTSTR)] == 0) {
1645             return;
1646         }
1647         export_name[0] = 0; /* truncate 'file' */
1648         export_name += strlen(EN_OPTSTR);
1649 
1650         qdict_put_str(options, "export", export_name);
1651     }
1652 
1653     /* extract the host_spec - fail if it's not nbd:... */
1654     if (!strstart(file, "nbd:", &host_spec)) {
1655         error_setg(errp, "File name string for NBD must start with 'nbd:'");
1656         return;
1657     }
1658 
1659     if (!*host_spec) {
1660         return;
1661     }
1662 
1663     /* are we a UNIX or TCP socket? */
1664     if (strstart(host_spec, "unix:", &unixpath)) {
1665         qdict_put_str(options, "server.type", "unix");
1666         qdict_put_str(options, "server.path", unixpath);
1667     } else {
1668         InetSocketAddress *addr = g_new(InetSocketAddress, 1);
1669 
1670         if (inet_parse(addr, host_spec, errp)) {
1671             goto out_inet;
1672         }
1673 
1674         qdict_put_str(options, "server.type", "inet");
1675         qdict_put_str(options, "server.host", addr->host);
1676         qdict_put_str(options, "server.port", addr->port);
1677     out_inet:
1678         qapi_free_InetSocketAddress(addr);
1679     }
1680 }
1681 
1682 static bool nbd_process_legacy_socket_options(QDict *output_options,
1683                                               QemuOpts *legacy_opts,
1684                                               Error **errp)
1685 {
1686     const char *path = qemu_opt_get(legacy_opts, "path");
1687     const char *host = qemu_opt_get(legacy_opts, "host");
1688     const char *port = qemu_opt_get(legacy_opts, "port");
1689     const QDictEntry *e;
1690 
1691     if (!path && !host && !port) {
1692         return true;
1693     }
1694 
1695     for (e = qdict_first(output_options); e; e = qdict_next(output_options, e))
1696     {
1697         if (strstart(e->key, "server.", NULL)) {
1698             error_setg(errp, "Cannot use 'server' and path/host/port at the "
1699                        "same time");
1700             return false;
1701         }
1702     }
1703 
1704     if (path && host) {
1705         error_setg(errp, "path and host may not be used at the same time");
1706         return false;
1707     } else if (path) {
1708         if (port) {
1709             error_setg(errp, "port may not be used without host");
1710             return false;
1711         }
1712 
1713         qdict_put_str(output_options, "server.type", "unix");
1714         qdict_put_str(output_options, "server.path", path);
1715     } else if (host) {
1716         qdict_put_str(output_options, "server.type", "inet");
1717         qdict_put_str(output_options, "server.host", host);
1718         qdict_put_str(output_options, "server.port",
1719                       port ?: stringify(NBD_DEFAULT_PORT));
1720     }
1721 
1722     return true;
1723 }
1724 
1725 static SocketAddress *nbd_config(BDRVNBDState *s, QDict *options,
1726                                  Error **errp)
1727 {
1728     SocketAddress *saddr = NULL;
1729     QDict *addr = NULL;
1730     Visitor *iv = NULL;
1731     Error *local_err = NULL;
1732 
1733     qdict_extract_subqdict(options, &addr, "server.");
1734     if (!qdict_size(addr)) {
1735         error_setg(errp, "NBD server address missing");
1736         goto done;
1737     }
1738 
1739     iv = qobject_input_visitor_new_flat_confused(addr, errp);
1740     if (!iv) {
1741         goto done;
1742     }
1743 
1744     visit_type_SocketAddress(iv, NULL, &saddr, &local_err);
1745     if (local_err) {
1746         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1747         goto done;
1748     }
1749 
1750 done:
1751     qobject_unref(addr);
1752     visit_free(iv);
1753     return saddr;
1754 }
1755 
1756 static QCryptoTLSCreds *nbd_get_tls_creds(const char *id, Error **errp)
1757 {
1758     Object *obj;
1759     QCryptoTLSCreds *creds;
1760 
1761     obj = object_resolve_path_component(
1762         object_get_objects_root(), id);
1763     if (!obj) {
1764         error_setg(errp, "No TLS credentials with id '%s'",
1765                    id);
1766         return NULL;
1767     }
1768     creds = (QCryptoTLSCreds *)
1769         object_dynamic_cast(obj, TYPE_QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS);
1770     if (!creds) {
1771         error_setg(errp, "Object with id '%s' is not TLS credentials",
1772                    id);
1773         return NULL;
1774     }
1775 
1776     if (creds->endpoint != QCRYPTO_TLS_CREDS_ENDPOINT_CLIENT) {
1777         error_setg(errp,
1778                    "Expecting TLS credentials with a client endpoint");
1779         return NULL;
1780     }
1781     object_ref(obj);
1782     return creds;
1783 }
1784 
1785 
1786 static QemuOptsList nbd_runtime_opts = {
1787     .name = "nbd",
1788     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(nbd_runtime_opts.head),
1789     .desc = {
1790         {
1791             .name = "host",
1792             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1793             .help = "TCP host to connect to",
1794         },
1795         {
1796             .name = "port",
1797             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1798             .help = "TCP port to connect to",
1799         },
1800         {
1801             .name = "path",
1802             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1803             .help = "Unix socket path to connect to",
1804         },
1805         {
1806             .name = "export",
1807             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1808             .help = "Name of the NBD export to open",
1809         },
1810         {
1811             .name = "tls-creds",
1812             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1813             .help = "ID of the TLS credentials to use",
1814         },
1815         {
1816             .name = "x-dirty-bitmap",
1817             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
1818             .help = "experimental: expose named dirty bitmap in place of "
1819                     "block status",
1820         },
1821         {
1822             .name = "reconnect-delay",
1823             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
1824             .help = "On an unexpected disconnect, the nbd client tries to "
1825                     "connect again until succeeding or encountering a serious "
1826                     "error.  During the first @reconnect-delay seconds, all "
1827                     "requests are paused and will be rerun on a successful "
1828                     "reconnect. After that time, any delayed requests and all "
1829                     "future requests before a successful reconnect will "
1830                     "immediately fail. Default 0",
1831         },
1832         { /* end of list */ }
1833     },
1834 };
1835 
1836 static int nbd_process_options(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options,
1837                                Error **errp)
1838 {
1839     BDRVNBDState *s = bs->opaque;
1840     QemuOpts *opts;
1841     Error *local_err = NULL;
1842     int ret = -EINVAL;
1843 
1844     opts = qemu_opts_create(&nbd_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
1845     qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
1846     if (local_err) {
1847         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1848         goto error;
1849     }
1850 
1851     /* Translate @host, @port, and @path to a SocketAddress */
1852     if (!nbd_process_legacy_socket_options(options, opts, errp)) {
1853         goto error;
1854     }
1855 
1856     /* Pop the config into our state object. Exit if invalid. */
1857     s->saddr = nbd_config(s, options, errp);
1858     if (!s->saddr) {
1859         goto error;
1860     }
1861 
1862     s->export = g_strdup(qemu_opt_get(opts, "export"));
1863     if (s->export && strlen(s->export) > NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE) {
1864         error_setg(errp, "export name too long to send to server");
1865         goto error;
1866     }
1867 
1868     s->tlscredsid = g_strdup(qemu_opt_get(opts, "tls-creds"));
1869     if (s->tlscredsid) {
1870         s->tlscreds = nbd_get_tls_creds(s->tlscredsid, errp);
1871         if (!s->tlscreds) {
1872             goto error;
1873         }
1874 
1875         /* TODO SOCKET_ADDRESS_KIND_FD where fd has AF_INET or AF_INET6 */
1876         if (s->saddr->type != SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET) {
1877             error_setg(errp, "TLS only supported over IP sockets");
1878             goto error;
1879         }
1880         s->hostname = s->saddr->u.inet.host;
1881     }
1882 
1883     s->x_dirty_bitmap = g_strdup(qemu_opt_get(opts, "x-dirty-bitmap"));
1884     if (s->x_dirty_bitmap && strlen(s->x_dirty_bitmap) > NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE) {
1885         error_setg(errp, "x-dirty-bitmap query too long to send to server");
1886         goto error;
1887     }
1888 
1889     s->reconnect_delay = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "reconnect-delay", 0);
1890 
1891     ret = 0;
1892 
1893  error:
1894     if (ret < 0) {
1895         nbd_clear_bdrvstate(s);
1896     }
1897     qemu_opts_del(opts);
1898     return ret;
1899 }
1900 
1901 static int nbd_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
1902                     Error **errp)
1903 {
1904     int ret;
1905     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1906 
1907     ret = nbd_process_options(bs, options, errp);
1908     if (ret < 0) {
1909         return ret;
1910     }
1911 
1912     s->bs = bs;
1913     qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->send_mutex);
1914     qemu_co_queue_init(&s->free_sema);
1915 
1916     ret = nbd_client_connect(bs, errp);
1917     if (ret < 0) {
1918         nbd_clear_bdrvstate(s);
1919         return ret;
1920     }
1921     /* successfully connected */
1922     s->state = NBD_CLIENT_CONNECTED;
1923 
1924     s->connection_co = qemu_coroutine_create(nbd_connection_entry, s);
1925     bdrv_inc_in_flight(bs);
1926     aio_co_schedule(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), s->connection_co);
1927 
1928     return 0;
1929 }
1930 
1931 static int nbd_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
1932 {
1933     return nbd_client_co_flush(bs);
1934 }
1935 
1936 static void nbd_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1937 {
1938     BDRVNBDState *s = (BDRVNBDState *)bs->opaque;
1939     uint32_t min = s->info.min_block;
1940     uint32_t max = MIN_NON_ZERO(NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE, s->info.max_block);
1941 
1942     /*
1943      * If the server did not advertise an alignment:
1944      * - a size that is not sector-aligned implies that an alignment
1945      *   of 1 can be used to access those tail bytes
1946      * - advertisement of block status requires an alignment of 1, so
1947      *   that we don't violate block layer constraints that block
1948      *   status is always aligned (as we can't control whether the
1949      *   server will report sub-sector extents, such as a hole at EOF
1950      *   on an unaligned POSIX file)
1951      * - otherwise, assume the server is so old that we are safer avoiding
1952      *   sub-sector requests
1953      */
1954     if (!min) {
1955         min = (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(s->info.size, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) ||
1956                s->info.base_allocation) ? 1 : BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1957     }
1958 
1959     bs->bl.request_alignment = min;
1960     bs->bl.max_pdiscard = max;
1961     bs->bl.max_pwrite_zeroes = max;
1962     bs->bl.max_transfer = max;
1963 
1964     if (s->info.opt_block &&
1965         s->info.opt_block > bs->bl.opt_transfer) {
1966         bs->bl.opt_transfer = s->info.opt_block;
1967     }
1968 }
1969 
1970 static void nbd_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
1971 {
1972     BDRVNBDState *s = bs->opaque;
1973 
1974     nbd_client_close(bs);
1975     nbd_clear_bdrvstate(s);
1976 }
1977 
1978 static int64_t nbd_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
1979 {
1980     BDRVNBDState *s = bs->opaque;
1981 
1982     return s->info.size;
1983 }
1984 
1985 static void nbd_refresh_filename(BlockDriverState *bs)
1986 {
1987     BDRVNBDState *s = bs->opaque;
1988     const char *host = NULL, *port = NULL, *path = NULL;
1989 
1990     if (s->saddr->type == SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_INET) {
1991         const InetSocketAddress *inet = &s->saddr->u.inet;
1992         if (!inet->has_ipv4 && !inet->has_ipv6 && !inet->has_to) {
1993             host = inet->host;
1994             port = inet->port;
1995         }
1996     } else if (s->saddr->type == SOCKET_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNIX) {
1997         path = s->saddr->u.q_unix.path;
1998     } /* else can't represent as pseudo-filename */
1999 
2000     if (path && s->export) {
2001         snprintf(bs->exact_filename, sizeof(bs->exact_filename),
2002                  "nbd+unix:///%s?socket=%s", s->export, path);
2003     } else if (path && !s->export) {
2004         snprintf(bs->exact_filename, sizeof(bs->exact_filename),
2005                  "nbd+unix://?socket=%s", path);
2006     } else if (host && s->export) {
2007         snprintf(bs->exact_filename, sizeof(bs->exact_filename),
2008                  "nbd://%s:%s/%s", host, port, s->export);
2009     } else if (host && !s->export) {
2010         snprintf(bs->exact_filename, sizeof(bs->exact_filename),
2011                  "nbd://%s:%s", host, port);
2012     }
2013 }
2014 
2015 static char *nbd_dirname(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
2016 {
2017     /* The generic bdrv_dirname() implementation is able to work out some
2018      * directory name for NBD nodes, but that would be wrong. So far there is no
2019      * specification for how "export paths" would work, so NBD does not have
2020      * directory names. */
2021     error_setg(errp, "Cannot generate a base directory for NBD nodes");
2022     return NULL;
2023 }
2024 
2025 static const char *const nbd_strong_runtime_opts[] = {
2026     "path",
2027     "host",
2028     "port",
2029     "export",
2030     "tls-creds",
2031     "server.",
2032 
2033     NULL
2034 };
2035 
2036 static BlockDriver bdrv_nbd = {
2037     .format_name                = "nbd",
2038     .protocol_name              = "nbd",
2039     .instance_size              = sizeof(BDRVNBDState),
2040     .bdrv_parse_filename        = nbd_parse_filename,
2041     .bdrv_co_create_opts        = bdrv_co_create_opts_simple,
2042     .create_opts                = &bdrv_create_opts_simple,
2043     .bdrv_file_open             = nbd_open,
2044     .bdrv_reopen_prepare        = nbd_client_reopen_prepare,
2045     .bdrv_co_preadv             = nbd_client_co_preadv,
2046     .bdrv_co_pwritev            = nbd_client_co_pwritev,
2047     .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes      = nbd_client_co_pwrite_zeroes,
2048     .bdrv_close                 = nbd_close,
2049     .bdrv_co_flush_to_os        = nbd_co_flush,
2050     .bdrv_co_pdiscard           = nbd_client_co_pdiscard,
2051     .bdrv_refresh_limits        = nbd_refresh_limits,
2052     .bdrv_getlength             = nbd_getlength,
2053     .bdrv_detach_aio_context    = nbd_client_detach_aio_context,
2054     .bdrv_attach_aio_context    = nbd_client_attach_aio_context,
2055     .bdrv_co_drain_begin        = nbd_client_co_drain_begin,
2056     .bdrv_co_drain_end          = nbd_client_co_drain_end,
2057     .bdrv_refresh_filename      = nbd_refresh_filename,
2058     .bdrv_co_block_status       = nbd_client_co_block_status,
2059     .bdrv_dirname               = nbd_dirname,
2060     .strong_runtime_opts        = nbd_strong_runtime_opts,
2061 };
2062 
2063 static BlockDriver bdrv_nbd_tcp = {
2064     .format_name                = "nbd",
2065     .protocol_name              = "nbd+tcp",
2066     .instance_size              = sizeof(BDRVNBDState),
2067     .bdrv_parse_filename        = nbd_parse_filename,
2068     .bdrv_co_create_opts        = bdrv_co_create_opts_simple,
2069     .create_opts                = &bdrv_create_opts_simple,
2070     .bdrv_file_open             = nbd_open,
2071     .bdrv_reopen_prepare        = nbd_client_reopen_prepare,
2072     .bdrv_co_preadv             = nbd_client_co_preadv,
2073     .bdrv_co_pwritev            = nbd_client_co_pwritev,
2074     .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes      = nbd_client_co_pwrite_zeroes,
2075     .bdrv_close                 = nbd_close,
2076     .bdrv_co_flush_to_os        = nbd_co_flush,
2077     .bdrv_co_pdiscard           = nbd_client_co_pdiscard,
2078     .bdrv_refresh_limits        = nbd_refresh_limits,
2079     .bdrv_getlength             = nbd_getlength,
2080     .bdrv_detach_aio_context    = nbd_client_detach_aio_context,
2081     .bdrv_attach_aio_context    = nbd_client_attach_aio_context,
2082     .bdrv_co_drain_begin        = nbd_client_co_drain_begin,
2083     .bdrv_co_drain_end          = nbd_client_co_drain_end,
2084     .bdrv_refresh_filename      = nbd_refresh_filename,
2085     .bdrv_co_block_status       = nbd_client_co_block_status,
2086     .bdrv_dirname               = nbd_dirname,
2087     .strong_runtime_opts        = nbd_strong_runtime_opts,
2088 };
2089 
2090 static BlockDriver bdrv_nbd_unix = {
2091     .format_name                = "nbd",
2092     .protocol_name              = "nbd+unix",
2093     .instance_size              = sizeof(BDRVNBDState),
2094     .bdrv_parse_filename        = nbd_parse_filename,
2095     .bdrv_co_create_opts        = bdrv_co_create_opts_simple,
2096     .create_opts                = &bdrv_create_opts_simple,
2097     .bdrv_file_open             = nbd_open,
2098     .bdrv_reopen_prepare        = nbd_client_reopen_prepare,
2099     .bdrv_co_preadv             = nbd_client_co_preadv,
2100     .bdrv_co_pwritev            = nbd_client_co_pwritev,
2101     .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes      = nbd_client_co_pwrite_zeroes,
2102     .bdrv_close                 = nbd_close,
2103     .bdrv_co_flush_to_os        = nbd_co_flush,
2104     .bdrv_co_pdiscard           = nbd_client_co_pdiscard,
2105     .bdrv_refresh_limits        = nbd_refresh_limits,
2106     .bdrv_getlength             = nbd_getlength,
2107     .bdrv_detach_aio_context    = nbd_client_detach_aio_context,
2108     .bdrv_attach_aio_context    = nbd_client_attach_aio_context,
2109     .bdrv_co_drain_begin        = nbd_client_co_drain_begin,
2110     .bdrv_co_drain_end          = nbd_client_co_drain_end,
2111     .bdrv_refresh_filename      = nbd_refresh_filename,
2112     .bdrv_co_block_status       = nbd_client_co_block_status,
2113     .bdrv_dirname               = nbd_dirname,
2114     .strong_runtime_opts        = nbd_strong_runtime_opts,
2115 };
2116 
2117 static void bdrv_nbd_init(void)
2118 {
2119     bdrv_register(&bdrv_nbd);
2120     bdrv_register(&bdrv_nbd_tcp);
2121     bdrv_register(&bdrv_nbd_unix);
2122 }
2123 
2124 block_init(bdrv_nbd_init);
2125