xref: /openbmc/qemu/audio/audio.c (revision df22fbb7)
1 /*
2  * QEMU Audio subsystem
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Vassili Karpov (malc)
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "audio.h"
27 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
28 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
29 #include "qemu/timer.h"
30 #include "qapi/error.h"
31 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
32 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-audio.h"
33 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
34 #include "qemu/module.h"
35 #include "qemu/help_option.h"
36 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
37 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
38 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
39 #include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
40 #include "trace.h"
41 
42 #define AUDIO_CAP "audio"
43 #include "audio_int.h"
44 
45 /* #define DEBUG_LIVE */
46 /* #define DEBUG_OUT */
47 /* #define DEBUG_CAPTURE */
48 /* #define DEBUG_POLL */
49 
50 #define SW_NAME(sw) (sw)->name ? (sw)->name : "unknown"
51 
52 
53 /* Order of CONFIG_AUDIO_DRIVERS is import.
54    The 1st one is the one used by default, that is the reason
55     that we generate the list.
56 */
57 const char *audio_prio_list[] = {
58     "spice",
59     CONFIG_AUDIO_DRIVERS
60     "none",
61     "wav",
62     NULL
63 };
64 
65 static QLIST_HEAD(, audio_driver) audio_drivers;
66 static AudiodevListHead audiodevs = QSIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(audiodevs);
67 
68 void audio_driver_register(audio_driver *drv)
69 {
70     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&audio_drivers, drv, next);
71 }
72 
73 audio_driver *audio_driver_lookup(const char *name)
74 {
75     struct audio_driver *d;
76 
77     QLIST_FOREACH(d, &audio_drivers, next) {
78         if (strcmp(name, d->name) == 0) {
79             return d;
80         }
81     }
82 
83     audio_module_load_one(name);
84     QLIST_FOREACH(d, &audio_drivers, next) {
85         if (strcmp(name, d->name) == 0) {
86             return d;
87         }
88     }
89 
90     return NULL;
91 }
92 
93 static QTAILQ_HEAD(AudioStateHead, AudioState) audio_states =
94     QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(audio_states);
95 
96 const struct mixeng_volume nominal_volume = {
97     .mute = 0,
98 #ifdef FLOAT_MIXENG
99     .r = 1.0,
100     .l = 1.0,
101 #else
102     .r = 1ULL << 32,
103     .l = 1ULL << 32,
104 #endif
105 };
106 
107 static bool legacy_config = true;
108 
109 int audio_bug (const char *funcname, int cond)
110 {
111     if (cond) {
112         static int shown;
113 
114         AUD_log (NULL, "A bug was just triggered in %s\n", funcname);
115         if (!shown) {
116             shown = 1;
117             AUD_log (NULL, "Save all your work and restart without audio\n");
118             AUD_log (NULL, "I am sorry\n");
119         }
120         AUD_log (NULL, "Context:\n");
121     }
122 
123     return cond;
124 }
125 
126 static inline int audio_bits_to_index (int bits)
127 {
128     switch (bits) {
129     case 8:
130         return 0;
131 
132     case 16:
133         return 1;
134 
135     case 32:
136         return 2;
137 
138     default:
139         audio_bug ("bits_to_index", 1);
140         AUD_log (NULL, "invalid bits %d\n", bits);
141         abort();
142     }
143 }
144 
145 void *audio_calloc (const char *funcname, int nmemb, size_t size)
146 {
147     int cond;
148     size_t len;
149 
150     len = nmemb * size;
151     cond = !nmemb || !size;
152     cond |= nmemb < 0;
153     cond |= len < size;
154 
155     if (audio_bug ("audio_calloc", cond)) {
156         AUD_log (NULL, "%s passed invalid arguments to audio_calloc\n",
157                  funcname);
158         AUD_log (NULL, "nmemb=%d size=%zu (len=%zu)\n", nmemb, size, len);
159         abort();
160     }
161 
162     return g_malloc0 (len);
163 }
164 
165 void AUD_vlog (const char *cap, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
166 {
167     if (cap) {
168         fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", cap);
169     }
170 
171     vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
172 }
173 
174 void AUD_log (const char *cap, const char *fmt, ...)
175 {
176     va_list ap;
177 
178     va_start (ap, fmt);
179     AUD_vlog (cap, fmt, ap);
180     va_end (ap);
181 }
182 
183 static void audio_print_settings (struct audsettings *as)
184 {
185     dolog ("frequency=%d nchannels=%d fmt=", as->freq, as->nchannels);
186 
187     switch (as->fmt) {
188     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
189         AUD_log (NULL, "S8");
190         break;
191     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
192         AUD_log (NULL, "U8");
193         break;
194     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
195         AUD_log (NULL, "S16");
196         break;
197     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
198         AUD_log (NULL, "U16");
199         break;
200     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
201         AUD_log (NULL, "S32");
202         break;
203     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
204         AUD_log (NULL, "U32");
205         break;
206     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
207         AUD_log (NULL, "F32");
208         break;
209     default:
210         AUD_log (NULL, "invalid(%d)", as->fmt);
211         break;
212     }
213 
214     AUD_log (NULL, " endianness=");
215     switch (as->endianness) {
216     case 0:
217         AUD_log (NULL, "little");
218         break;
219     case 1:
220         AUD_log (NULL, "big");
221         break;
222     default:
223         AUD_log (NULL, "invalid");
224         break;
225     }
226     AUD_log (NULL, "\n");
227 }
228 
229 static int audio_validate_settings (struct audsettings *as)
230 {
231     int invalid;
232 
233     invalid = as->nchannels < 1;
234     invalid |= as->endianness != 0 && as->endianness != 1;
235 
236     switch (as->fmt) {
237     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
238     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
239     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
240     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
241     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
242     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
243     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
244         break;
245     default:
246         invalid = 1;
247         break;
248     }
249 
250     invalid |= as->freq <= 0;
251     return invalid ? -1 : 0;
252 }
253 
254 static int audio_pcm_info_eq (struct audio_pcm_info *info, struct audsettings *as)
255 {
256     int bits = 8;
257     bool is_signed = false, is_float = false;
258 
259     switch (as->fmt) {
260     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
261         is_signed = true;
262         /* fall through */
263     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
264         break;
265 
266     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
267         is_signed = true;
268         /* fall through */
269     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
270         bits = 16;
271         break;
272 
273     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
274         is_float = true;
275         /* fall through */
276     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
277         is_signed = true;
278         /* fall through */
279     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
280         bits = 32;
281         break;
282 
283     default:
284         abort();
285     }
286     return info->freq == as->freq
287         && info->nchannels == as->nchannels
288         && info->is_signed == is_signed
289         && info->is_float == is_float
290         && info->bits == bits
291         && info->swap_endianness == (as->endianness != AUDIO_HOST_ENDIANNESS);
292 }
293 
294 void audio_pcm_init_info (struct audio_pcm_info *info, struct audsettings *as)
295 {
296     int bits = 8, mul;
297     bool is_signed = false, is_float = false;
298 
299     switch (as->fmt) {
300     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
301         is_signed = true;
302         /* fall through */
303     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
304         mul = 1;
305         break;
306 
307     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
308         is_signed = true;
309         /* fall through */
310     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
311         bits = 16;
312         mul = 2;
313         break;
314 
315     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
316         is_float = true;
317         /* fall through */
318     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
319         is_signed = true;
320         /* fall through */
321     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
322         bits = 32;
323         mul = 4;
324         break;
325 
326     default:
327         abort();
328     }
329 
330     info->freq = as->freq;
331     info->bits = bits;
332     info->is_signed = is_signed;
333     info->is_float = is_float;
334     info->nchannels = as->nchannels;
335     info->bytes_per_frame = as->nchannels * mul;
336     info->bytes_per_second = info->freq * info->bytes_per_frame;
337     info->swap_endianness = (as->endianness != AUDIO_HOST_ENDIANNESS);
338 }
339 
340 void audio_pcm_info_clear_buf (struct audio_pcm_info *info, void *buf, int len)
341 {
342     if (!len) {
343         return;
344     }
345 
346     if (info->is_signed || info->is_float) {
347         memset(buf, 0x00, len * info->bytes_per_frame);
348     } else {
349         switch (info->bits) {
350         case 8:
351             memset(buf, 0x80, len * info->bytes_per_frame);
352             break;
353 
354         case 16:
355             {
356                 int i;
357                 uint16_t *p = buf;
358                 short s = INT16_MAX;
359 
360                 if (info->swap_endianness) {
361                     s = bswap16 (s);
362                 }
363 
364                 for (i = 0; i < len * info->nchannels; i++) {
365                     p[i] = s;
366                 }
367             }
368             break;
369 
370         case 32:
371             {
372                 int i;
373                 uint32_t *p = buf;
374                 int32_t s = INT32_MAX;
375 
376                 if (info->swap_endianness) {
377                     s = bswap32 (s);
378                 }
379 
380                 for (i = 0; i < len * info->nchannels; i++) {
381                     p[i] = s;
382                 }
383             }
384             break;
385 
386         default:
387             AUD_log (NULL, "audio_pcm_info_clear_buf: invalid bits %d\n",
388                      info->bits);
389             break;
390         }
391     }
392 }
393 
394 /*
395  * Capture
396  */
397 static void noop_conv (struct st_sample *dst, const void *src, int samples)
398 {
399     (void) src;
400     (void) dst;
401     (void) samples;
402 }
403 
404 static CaptureVoiceOut *audio_pcm_capture_find_specific(AudioState *s,
405                                                         struct audsettings *as)
406 {
407     CaptureVoiceOut *cap;
408 
409     for (cap = s->cap_head.lh_first; cap; cap = cap->entries.le_next) {
410         if (audio_pcm_info_eq (&cap->hw.info, as)) {
411             return cap;
412         }
413     }
414     return NULL;
415 }
416 
417 static void audio_notify_capture (CaptureVoiceOut *cap, audcnotification_e cmd)
418 {
419     struct capture_callback *cb;
420 
421 #ifdef DEBUG_CAPTURE
422     dolog ("notification %d sent\n", cmd);
423 #endif
424     for (cb = cap->cb_head.lh_first; cb; cb = cb->entries.le_next) {
425         cb->ops.notify (cb->opaque, cmd);
426     }
427 }
428 
429 static void audio_capture_maybe_changed (CaptureVoiceOut *cap, int enabled)
430 {
431     if (cap->hw.enabled != enabled) {
432         audcnotification_e cmd;
433         cap->hw.enabled = enabled;
434         cmd = enabled ? AUD_CNOTIFY_ENABLE : AUD_CNOTIFY_DISABLE;
435         audio_notify_capture (cap, cmd);
436     }
437 }
438 
439 static void audio_recalc_and_notify_capture (CaptureVoiceOut *cap)
440 {
441     HWVoiceOut *hw = &cap->hw;
442     SWVoiceOut *sw;
443     int enabled = 0;
444 
445     for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
446         if (sw->active) {
447             enabled = 1;
448             break;
449         }
450     }
451     audio_capture_maybe_changed (cap, enabled);
452 }
453 
454 static void audio_detach_capture (HWVoiceOut *hw)
455 {
456     SWVoiceCap *sc = hw->cap_head.lh_first;
457 
458     while (sc) {
459         SWVoiceCap *sc1 = sc->entries.le_next;
460         SWVoiceOut *sw = &sc->sw;
461         CaptureVoiceOut *cap = sc->cap;
462         int was_active = sw->active;
463 
464         if (sw->rate) {
465             st_rate_stop (sw->rate);
466             sw->rate = NULL;
467         }
468 
469         QLIST_REMOVE (sw, entries);
470         QLIST_REMOVE (sc, entries);
471         g_free (sc);
472         if (was_active) {
473             /* We have removed soft voice from the capture:
474                this might have changed the overall status of the capture
475                since this might have been the only active voice */
476             audio_recalc_and_notify_capture (cap);
477         }
478         sc = sc1;
479     }
480 }
481 
482 static int audio_attach_capture (HWVoiceOut *hw)
483 {
484     AudioState *s = hw->s;
485     CaptureVoiceOut *cap;
486 
487     audio_detach_capture (hw);
488     for (cap = s->cap_head.lh_first; cap; cap = cap->entries.le_next) {
489         SWVoiceCap *sc;
490         SWVoiceOut *sw;
491         HWVoiceOut *hw_cap = &cap->hw;
492 
493         sc = g_malloc0(sizeof(*sc));
494 
495         sc->cap = cap;
496         sw = &sc->sw;
497         sw->hw = hw_cap;
498         sw->info = hw->info;
499         sw->empty = 1;
500         sw->active = hw->enabled;
501         sw->conv = noop_conv;
502         sw->ratio = ((int64_t) hw_cap->info.freq << 32) / sw->info.freq;
503         sw->vol = nominal_volume;
504         sw->rate = st_rate_start (sw->info.freq, hw_cap->info.freq);
505         if (!sw->rate) {
506             dolog ("Could not start rate conversion for `%s'\n", SW_NAME (sw));
507             g_free (sw);
508             return -1;
509         }
510         QLIST_INSERT_HEAD (&hw_cap->sw_head, sw, entries);
511         QLIST_INSERT_HEAD (&hw->cap_head, sc, entries);
512 #ifdef DEBUG_CAPTURE
513         sw->name = g_strdup_printf ("for %p %d,%d,%d",
514                                     hw, sw->info.freq, sw->info.bits,
515                                     sw->info.nchannels);
516         dolog ("Added %s active = %d\n", sw->name, sw->active);
517 #endif
518         if (sw->active) {
519             audio_capture_maybe_changed (cap, 1);
520         }
521     }
522     return 0;
523 }
524 
525 /*
526  * Hard voice (capture)
527  */
528 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_find_min_in (HWVoiceIn *hw)
529 {
530     SWVoiceIn *sw;
531     size_t m = hw->total_samples_captured;
532 
533     for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
534         if (sw->active) {
535             m = MIN (m, sw->total_hw_samples_acquired);
536         }
537     }
538     return m;
539 }
540 
541 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_get_live_in(HWVoiceIn *hw)
542 {
543     size_t live = hw->total_samples_captured - audio_pcm_hw_find_min_in (hw);
544     if (audio_bug(__func__, live > hw->conv_buf->size)) {
545         dolog("live=%zu hw->conv_buf->size=%zu\n", live, hw->conv_buf->size);
546         abort();
547     }
548     return live;
549 }
550 
551 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_conv_in(HWVoiceIn *hw, void *pcm_buf, size_t samples)
552 {
553     size_t conv = 0;
554     STSampleBuffer *conv_buf = hw->conv_buf;
555 
556     while (samples) {
557         uint8_t *src = advance(pcm_buf, conv * hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
558         size_t proc = MIN(samples, conv_buf->size - conv_buf->pos);
559 
560         hw->conv(conv_buf->samples + conv_buf->pos, src, proc);
561         conv_buf->pos = (conv_buf->pos + proc) % conv_buf->size;
562         samples -= proc;
563         conv += proc;
564     }
565 
566     return conv;
567 }
568 
569 /*
570  * Soft voice (capture)
571  */
572 static size_t audio_pcm_sw_read(SWVoiceIn *sw, void *buf, size_t size)
573 {
574     HWVoiceIn *hw = sw->hw;
575     size_t samples, live, ret = 0, swlim, isamp, osamp, rpos, total = 0;
576     struct st_sample *src, *dst = sw->buf;
577 
578     live = hw->total_samples_captured - sw->total_hw_samples_acquired;
579     if (!live) {
580         return 0;
581     }
582     if (audio_bug(__func__, live > hw->conv_buf->size)) {
583         dolog("live_in=%zu hw->conv_buf->size=%zu\n", live, hw->conv_buf->size);
584         abort();
585     }
586 
587     rpos = audio_ring_posb(hw->conv_buf->pos, live, hw->conv_buf->size);
588 
589     samples = size / sw->info.bytes_per_frame;
590 
591     swlim = (live * sw->ratio) >> 32;
592     swlim = MIN (swlim, samples);
593 
594     while (swlim) {
595         src = hw->conv_buf->samples + rpos;
596         if (hw->conv_buf->pos > rpos) {
597             isamp = hw->conv_buf->pos - rpos;
598         } else {
599             isamp = hw->conv_buf->size - rpos;
600         }
601 
602         if (!isamp) {
603             break;
604         }
605         osamp = swlim;
606 
607         st_rate_flow (sw->rate, src, dst, &isamp, &osamp);
608         swlim -= osamp;
609         rpos = (rpos + isamp) % hw->conv_buf->size;
610         dst += osamp;
611         ret += osamp;
612         total += isamp;
613     }
614 
615     if (!hw->pcm_ops->volume_in) {
616         mixeng_volume (sw->buf, ret, &sw->vol);
617     }
618 
619     sw->clip (buf, sw->buf, ret);
620     sw->total_hw_samples_acquired += total;
621     return ret * sw->info.bytes_per_frame;
622 }
623 
624 /*
625  * Hard voice (playback)
626  */
627 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_find_min_out (HWVoiceOut *hw, int *nb_livep)
628 {
629     SWVoiceOut *sw;
630     size_t m = SIZE_MAX;
631     int nb_live = 0;
632 
633     for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
634         if (sw->active || !sw->empty) {
635             m = MIN (m, sw->total_hw_samples_mixed);
636             nb_live += 1;
637         }
638     }
639 
640     *nb_livep = nb_live;
641     return m;
642 }
643 
644 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_get_live_out (HWVoiceOut *hw, int *nb_live)
645 {
646     size_t smin;
647     int nb_live1;
648 
649     smin = audio_pcm_hw_find_min_out (hw, &nb_live1);
650     if (nb_live) {
651         *nb_live = nb_live1;
652     }
653 
654     if (nb_live1) {
655         size_t live = smin;
656 
657         if (audio_bug(__func__, live > hw->mix_buf->size)) {
658             dolog("live=%zu hw->mix_buf->size=%zu\n", live, hw->mix_buf->size);
659             abort();
660         }
661         return live;
662     }
663     return 0;
664 }
665 
666 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_get_free(HWVoiceOut *hw)
667 {
668     return (hw->pcm_ops->buffer_get_free ? hw->pcm_ops->buffer_get_free(hw) :
669             INT_MAX) / hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
670 }
671 
672 static void audio_pcm_hw_clip_out(HWVoiceOut *hw, void *pcm_buf, size_t len)
673 {
674     size_t clipped = 0;
675     size_t pos = hw->mix_buf->pos;
676 
677     while (len) {
678         st_sample *src = hw->mix_buf->samples + pos;
679         uint8_t *dst = advance(pcm_buf, clipped * hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
680         size_t samples_till_end_of_buf = hw->mix_buf->size - pos;
681         size_t samples_to_clip = MIN(len, samples_till_end_of_buf);
682 
683         hw->clip(dst, src, samples_to_clip);
684 
685         pos = (pos + samples_to_clip) % hw->mix_buf->size;
686         len -= samples_to_clip;
687         clipped += samples_to_clip;
688     }
689 }
690 
691 /*
692  * Soft voice (playback)
693  */
694 static size_t audio_pcm_sw_write(SWVoiceOut *sw, void *buf, size_t size)
695 {
696     size_t hwsamples, samples, isamp, osamp, wpos, live, dead, left, blck;
697     size_t hw_free;
698     size_t ret = 0, pos = 0, total = 0;
699 
700     if (!sw) {
701         return size;
702     }
703 
704     hwsamples = sw->hw->mix_buf->size;
705 
706     live = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed;
707     if (audio_bug(__func__, live > hwsamples)) {
708         dolog("live=%zu hw->mix_buf->size=%zu\n", live, hwsamples);
709         abort();
710     }
711 
712     if (live == hwsamples) {
713 #ifdef DEBUG_OUT
714         dolog ("%s is full %zu\n", sw->name, live);
715 #endif
716         return 0;
717     }
718 
719     wpos = (sw->hw->mix_buf->pos + live) % hwsamples;
720 
721     dead = hwsamples - live;
722     hw_free = audio_pcm_hw_get_free(sw->hw);
723     hw_free = hw_free > live ? hw_free - live : 0;
724     samples = ((int64_t)MIN(dead, hw_free) << 32) / sw->ratio;
725     samples = MIN(samples, size / sw->info.bytes_per_frame);
726     if (samples) {
727         sw->conv(sw->buf, buf, samples);
728 
729         if (!sw->hw->pcm_ops->volume_out) {
730             mixeng_volume(sw->buf, samples, &sw->vol);
731         }
732     }
733 
734     while (samples) {
735         dead = hwsamples - live;
736         left = hwsamples - wpos;
737         blck = MIN (dead, left);
738         if (!blck) {
739             break;
740         }
741         isamp = samples;
742         osamp = blck;
743         st_rate_flow_mix (
744             sw->rate,
745             sw->buf + pos,
746             sw->hw->mix_buf->samples + wpos,
747             &isamp,
748             &osamp
749             );
750         ret += isamp;
751         samples -= isamp;
752         pos += isamp;
753         live += osamp;
754         wpos = (wpos + osamp) % hwsamples;
755         total += osamp;
756     }
757 
758     sw->total_hw_samples_mixed += total;
759     sw->empty = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed == 0;
760 
761 #ifdef DEBUG_OUT
762     dolog (
763         "%s: write size %zu ret %zu total sw %zu\n",
764         SW_NAME (sw),
765         size / sw->info.bytes_per_frame,
766         ret,
767         sw->total_hw_samples_mixed
768         );
769 #endif
770 
771     return ret * sw->info.bytes_per_frame;
772 }
773 
774 #ifdef DEBUG_AUDIO
775 static void audio_pcm_print_info (const char *cap, struct audio_pcm_info *info)
776 {
777     dolog("%s: bits %d, sign %d, float %d, freq %d, nchan %d\n",
778           cap, info->bits, info->is_signed, info->is_float, info->freq,
779           info->nchannels);
780 }
781 #endif
782 
783 #define DAC
784 #include "audio_template.h"
785 #undef DAC
786 #include "audio_template.h"
787 
788 /*
789  * Timer
790  */
791 static int audio_is_timer_needed(AudioState *s)
792 {
793     HWVoiceIn *hwi = NULL;
794     HWVoiceOut *hwo = NULL;
795 
796     while ((hwo = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_out(s, hwo))) {
797         if (!hwo->poll_mode) {
798             return 1;
799         }
800     }
801     while ((hwi = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_in(s, hwi))) {
802         if (!hwi->poll_mode) {
803             return 1;
804         }
805     }
806     return 0;
807 }
808 
809 static void audio_reset_timer (AudioState *s)
810 {
811     if (audio_is_timer_needed(s)) {
812         timer_mod_anticipate_ns(s->ts,
813             qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL) + s->period_ticks);
814         if (!s->timer_running) {
815             s->timer_running = true;
816             s->timer_last = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
817             trace_audio_timer_start(s->period_ticks / SCALE_MS);
818         }
819     } else {
820         timer_del(s->ts);
821         if (s->timer_running) {
822             s->timer_running = false;
823             trace_audio_timer_stop();
824         }
825     }
826 }
827 
828 static void audio_timer (void *opaque)
829 {
830     int64_t now, diff;
831     AudioState *s = opaque;
832 
833     now = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
834     diff = now - s->timer_last;
835     if (diff > s->period_ticks * 3 / 2) {
836         trace_audio_timer_delayed(diff / SCALE_MS);
837     }
838     s->timer_last = now;
839 
840     audio_run(s, "timer");
841     audio_reset_timer(s);
842 }
843 
844 /*
845  * Public API
846  */
847 size_t AUD_write(SWVoiceOut *sw, void *buf, size_t size)
848 {
849     HWVoiceOut *hw;
850 
851     if (!sw) {
852         /* XXX: Consider options */
853         return size;
854     }
855     hw = sw->hw;
856 
857     if (!hw->enabled) {
858         dolog ("Writing to disabled voice %s\n", SW_NAME (sw));
859         return 0;
860     }
861 
862     if (audio_get_pdo_out(hw->s->dev)->mixing_engine) {
863         return audio_pcm_sw_write(sw, buf, size);
864     } else {
865         return hw->pcm_ops->write(hw, buf, size);
866     }
867 }
868 
869 size_t AUD_read(SWVoiceIn *sw, void *buf, size_t size)
870 {
871     HWVoiceIn *hw;
872 
873     if (!sw) {
874         /* XXX: Consider options */
875         return size;
876     }
877     hw = sw->hw;
878 
879     if (!hw->enabled) {
880         dolog ("Reading from disabled voice %s\n", SW_NAME (sw));
881         return 0;
882     }
883 
884     if (audio_get_pdo_in(hw->s->dev)->mixing_engine) {
885         return audio_pcm_sw_read(sw, buf, size);
886     } else {
887         return hw->pcm_ops->read(hw, buf, size);
888     }
889 }
890 
891 int AUD_get_buffer_size_out(SWVoiceOut *sw)
892 {
893     return sw->hw->samples * sw->hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
894 }
895 
896 void AUD_set_active_out (SWVoiceOut *sw, int on)
897 {
898     HWVoiceOut *hw;
899 
900     if (!sw) {
901         return;
902     }
903 
904     hw = sw->hw;
905     if (sw->active != on) {
906         AudioState *s = sw->s;
907         SWVoiceOut *temp_sw;
908         SWVoiceCap *sc;
909 
910         if (on) {
911             hw->pending_disable = 0;
912             if (!hw->enabled) {
913                 hw->enabled = 1;
914                 if (s->vm_running) {
915                     if (hw->pcm_ops->enable_out) {
916                         hw->pcm_ops->enable_out(hw, true);
917                     }
918                     audio_reset_timer (s);
919                 }
920             }
921         } else {
922             if (hw->enabled) {
923                 int nb_active = 0;
924 
925                 for (temp_sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; temp_sw;
926                      temp_sw = temp_sw->entries.le_next) {
927                     nb_active += temp_sw->active != 0;
928                 }
929 
930                 hw->pending_disable = nb_active == 1;
931             }
932         }
933 
934         for (sc = hw->cap_head.lh_first; sc; sc = sc->entries.le_next) {
935             sc->sw.active = hw->enabled;
936             if (hw->enabled) {
937                 audio_capture_maybe_changed (sc->cap, 1);
938             }
939         }
940         sw->active = on;
941     }
942 }
943 
944 void AUD_set_active_in (SWVoiceIn *sw, int on)
945 {
946     HWVoiceIn *hw;
947 
948     if (!sw) {
949         return;
950     }
951 
952     hw = sw->hw;
953     if (sw->active != on) {
954         AudioState *s = sw->s;
955         SWVoiceIn *temp_sw;
956 
957         if (on) {
958             if (!hw->enabled) {
959                 hw->enabled = 1;
960                 if (s->vm_running) {
961                     if (hw->pcm_ops->enable_in) {
962                         hw->pcm_ops->enable_in(hw, true);
963                     }
964                     audio_reset_timer (s);
965                 }
966             }
967             sw->total_hw_samples_acquired = hw->total_samples_captured;
968         } else {
969             if (hw->enabled) {
970                 int nb_active = 0;
971 
972                 for (temp_sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; temp_sw;
973                      temp_sw = temp_sw->entries.le_next) {
974                     nb_active += temp_sw->active != 0;
975                 }
976 
977                 if (nb_active == 1) {
978                     hw->enabled = 0;
979                     if (hw->pcm_ops->enable_in) {
980                         hw->pcm_ops->enable_in(hw, false);
981                     }
982                 }
983             }
984         }
985         sw->active = on;
986     }
987 }
988 
989 static size_t audio_get_avail (SWVoiceIn *sw)
990 {
991     size_t live;
992 
993     if (!sw) {
994         return 0;
995     }
996 
997     live = sw->hw->total_samples_captured - sw->total_hw_samples_acquired;
998     if (audio_bug(__func__, live > sw->hw->conv_buf->size)) {
999         dolog("live=%zu sw->hw->conv_buf->size=%zu\n", live,
1000               sw->hw->conv_buf->size);
1001         abort();
1002     }
1003 
1004     ldebug (
1005         "%s: get_avail live %zu ret %" PRId64 "\n",
1006         SW_NAME (sw),
1007         live, (((int64_t) live << 32) / sw->ratio) * sw->info.bytes_per_frame
1008         );
1009 
1010     return (((int64_t) live << 32) / sw->ratio) * sw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1011 }
1012 
1013 static size_t audio_sw_bytes_free(SWVoiceOut *sw, size_t free)
1014 {
1015     return (((int64_t)free << 32) / sw->ratio) * sw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1016 }
1017 
1018 static size_t audio_get_free(SWVoiceOut *sw)
1019 {
1020     size_t live, dead;
1021 
1022     if (!sw) {
1023         return 0;
1024     }
1025 
1026     live = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed;
1027 
1028     if (audio_bug(__func__, live > sw->hw->mix_buf->size)) {
1029         dolog("live=%zu sw->hw->mix_buf->size=%zu\n", live,
1030               sw->hw->mix_buf->size);
1031         abort();
1032     }
1033 
1034     dead = sw->hw->mix_buf->size - live;
1035 
1036 #ifdef DEBUG_OUT
1037     dolog("%s: get_free live %zu dead %zu sw_bytes %zu\n",
1038           SW_NAME(sw), live, dead, audio_sw_bytes_free(sw, dead));
1039 #endif
1040 
1041     return dead;
1042 }
1043 
1044 static void audio_capture_mix_and_clear(HWVoiceOut *hw, size_t rpos,
1045                                         size_t samples)
1046 {
1047     size_t n;
1048 
1049     if (hw->enabled) {
1050         SWVoiceCap *sc;
1051 
1052         for (sc = hw->cap_head.lh_first; sc; sc = sc->entries.le_next) {
1053             SWVoiceOut *sw = &sc->sw;
1054             int rpos2 = rpos;
1055 
1056             n = samples;
1057             while (n) {
1058                 size_t till_end_of_hw = hw->mix_buf->size - rpos2;
1059                 size_t to_write = MIN(till_end_of_hw, n);
1060                 size_t bytes = to_write * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1061                 size_t written;
1062 
1063                 sw->buf = hw->mix_buf->samples + rpos2;
1064                 written = audio_pcm_sw_write (sw, NULL, bytes);
1065                 if (written - bytes) {
1066                     dolog("Could not mix %zu bytes into a capture "
1067                           "buffer, mixed %zu\n",
1068                           bytes, written);
1069                     break;
1070                 }
1071                 n -= to_write;
1072                 rpos2 = (rpos2 + to_write) % hw->mix_buf->size;
1073             }
1074         }
1075     }
1076 
1077     n = MIN(samples, hw->mix_buf->size - rpos);
1078     mixeng_clear(hw->mix_buf->samples + rpos, n);
1079     mixeng_clear(hw->mix_buf->samples, samples - n);
1080 }
1081 
1082 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_run_out(HWVoiceOut *hw, size_t live)
1083 {
1084     size_t clipped = 0;
1085 
1086     while (live) {
1087         size_t size = live * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1088         size_t decr, proc;
1089         void *buf = hw->pcm_ops->get_buffer_out(hw, &size);
1090 
1091         if (size == 0) {
1092             break;
1093         }
1094 
1095         decr = MIN(size / hw->info.bytes_per_frame, live);
1096         if (buf) {
1097             audio_pcm_hw_clip_out(hw, buf, decr);
1098         }
1099         proc = hw->pcm_ops->put_buffer_out(hw, buf,
1100                                            decr * hw->info.bytes_per_frame) /
1101             hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1102 
1103         live -= proc;
1104         clipped += proc;
1105         hw->mix_buf->pos = (hw->mix_buf->pos + proc) % hw->mix_buf->size;
1106 
1107         if (proc == 0 || proc < decr) {
1108             break;
1109         }
1110     }
1111 
1112     if (hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out) {
1113         hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out(hw);
1114     }
1115 
1116     return clipped;
1117 }
1118 
1119 static void audio_run_out (AudioState *s)
1120 {
1121     HWVoiceOut *hw = NULL;
1122     SWVoiceOut *sw;
1123 
1124     if (!audio_get_pdo_out(s->dev)->mixing_engine) {
1125         while ((hw = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_out(s, hw))) {
1126             /* there is exactly 1 sw for each hw with no mixeng */
1127             sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first;
1128 
1129             if (hw->pending_disable) {
1130                 hw->enabled = 0;
1131                 hw->pending_disable = 0;
1132                 if (hw->pcm_ops->enable_out) {
1133                     hw->pcm_ops->enable_out(hw, false);
1134                 }
1135             }
1136 
1137             if (sw->active) {
1138                 sw->callback.fn(sw->callback.opaque, INT_MAX);
1139             }
1140         }
1141         return;
1142     }
1143 
1144     while ((hw = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_out(s, hw))) {
1145         size_t played, live, prev_rpos;
1146         size_t hw_free = audio_pcm_hw_get_free(hw);
1147         int nb_live;
1148 
1149         for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
1150             if (sw->active) {
1151                 size_t sw_free = audio_get_free(sw);
1152                 size_t free;
1153 
1154                 if (hw_free > sw->total_hw_samples_mixed) {
1155                     free = audio_sw_bytes_free(sw,
1156                         MIN(sw_free, hw_free - sw->total_hw_samples_mixed));
1157                 } else {
1158                     free = 0;
1159                 }
1160                 if (free > 0) {
1161                     sw->callback.fn(sw->callback.opaque, free);
1162                 }
1163             }
1164         }
1165 
1166         live = audio_pcm_hw_get_live_out (hw, &nb_live);
1167         if (!nb_live) {
1168             live = 0;
1169         }
1170 
1171         if (audio_bug(__func__, live > hw->mix_buf->size)) {
1172             dolog("live=%zu hw->mix_buf->size=%zu\n", live, hw->mix_buf->size);
1173             abort();
1174         }
1175 
1176         if (hw->pending_disable && !nb_live) {
1177             SWVoiceCap *sc;
1178 #ifdef DEBUG_OUT
1179             dolog ("Disabling voice\n");
1180 #endif
1181             hw->enabled = 0;
1182             hw->pending_disable = 0;
1183             if (hw->pcm_ops->enable_out) {
1184                 hw->pcm_ops->enable_out(hw, false);
1185             }
1186             for (sc = hw->cap_head.lh_first; sc; sc = sc->entries.le_next) {
1187                 sc->sw.active = 0;
1188                 audio_recalc_and_notify_capture (sc->cap);
1189             }
1190             continue;
1191         }
1192 
1193         if (!live) {
1194             if (hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out) {
1195                 hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out(hw);
1196             }
1197             continue;
1198         }
1199 
1200         prev_rpos = hw->mix_buf->pos;
1201         played = audio_pcm_hw_run_out(hw, live);
1202         replay_audio_out(&played);
1203         if (audio_bug(__func__, hw->mix_buf->pos >= hw->mix_buf->size)) {
1204             dolog("hw->mix_buf->pos=%zu hw->mix_buf->size=%zu played=%zu\n",
1205                   hw->mix_buf->pos, hw->mix_buf->size, played);
1206             abort();
1207         }
1208 
1209 #ifdef DEBUG_OUT
1210         dolog("played=%zu\n", played);
1211 #endif
1212 
1213         if (played) {
1214             hw->ts_helper += played;
1215             audio_capture_mix_and_clear (hw, prev_rpos, played);
1216         }
1217 
1218         for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
1219             if (!sw->active && sw->empty) {
1220                 continue;
1221             }
1222 
1223             if (audio_bug(__func__, played > sw->total_hw_samples_mixed)) {
1224                 dolog("played=%zu sw->total_hw_samples_mixed=%zu\n",
1225                       played, sw->total_hw_samples_mixed);
1226                 abort();
1227             }
1228 
1229             sw->total_hw_samples_mixed -= played;
1230 
1231             if (!sw->total_hw_samples_mixed) {
1232                 sw->empty = 1;
1233             }
1234         }
1235     }
1236 }
1237 
1238 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_run_in(HWVoiceIn *hw, size_t samples)
1239 {
1240     size_t conv = 0;
1241 
1242     if (hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_in) {
1243         hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_in(hw);
1244     }
1245 
1246     while (samples) {
1247         size_t proc;
1248         size_t size = samples * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1249         void *buf = hw->pcm_ops->get_buffer_in(hw, &size);
1250 
1251         assert(size % hw->info.bytes_per_frame == 0);
1252         if (size == 0) {
1253             break;
1254         }
1255 
1256         proc = audio_pcm_hw_conv_in(hw, buf, size / hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1257 
1258         samples -= proc;
1259         conv += proc;
1260         hw->pcm_ops->put_buffer_in(hw, buf, proc * hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1261     }
1262 
1263     return conv;
1264 }
1265 
1266 static void audio_run_in (AudioState *s)
1267 {
1268     HWVoiceIn *hw = NULL;
1269 
1270     if (!audio_get_pdo_in(s->dev)->mixing_engine) {
1271         while ((hw = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_in(s, hw))) {
1272             /* there is exactly 1 sw for each hw with no mixeng */
1273             SWVoiceIn *sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first;
1274             if (sw->active) {
1275                 sw->callback.fn(sw->callback.opaque, INT_MAX);
1276             }
1277         }
1278         return;
1279     }
1280 
1281     while ((hw = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_in(s, hw))) {
1282         SWVoiceIn *sw;
1283         size_t captured = 0, min;
1284 
1285         if (replay_mode != REPLAY_MODE_PLAY) {
1286             captured = audio_pcm_hw_run_in(
1287                 hw, hw->conv_buf->size - audio_pcm_hw_get_live_in(hw));
1288         }
1289         replay_audio_in(&captured, hw->conv_buf->samples, &hw->conv_buf->pos,
1290                         hw->conv_buf->size);
1291 
1292         min = audio_pcm_hw_find_min_in (hw);
1293         hw->total_samples_captured += captured - min;
1294         hw->ts_helper += captured;
1295 
1296         for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
1297             sw->total_hw_samples_acquired -= min;
1298 
1299             if (sw->active) {
1300                 size_t avail;
1301 
1302                 avail = audio_get_avail (sw);
1303                 if (avail > 0) {
1304                     sw->callback.fn (sw->callback.opaque, avail);
1305                 }
1306             }
1307         }
1308     }
1309 }
1310 
1311 static void audio_run_capture (AudioState *s)
1312 {
1313     CaptureVoiceOut *cap;
1314 
1315     for (cap = s->cap_head.lh_first; cap; cap = cap->entries.le_next) {
1316         size_t live, rpos, captured;
1317         HWVoiceOut *hw = &cap->hw;
1318         SWVoiceOut *sw;
1319 
1320         captured = live = audio_pcm_hw_get_live_out (hw, NULL);
1321         rpos = hw->mix_buf->pos;
1322         while (live) {
1323             size_t left = hw->mix_buf->size - rpos;
1324             size_t to_capture = MIN(live, left);
1325             struct st_sample *src;
1326             struct capture_callback *cb;
1327 
1328             src = hw->mix_buf->samples + rpos;
1329             hw->clip (cap->buf, src, to_capture);
1330             mixeng_clear (src, to_capture);
1331 
1332             for (cb = cap->cb_head.lh_first; cb; cb = cb->entries.le_next) {
1333                 cb->ops.capture (cb->opaque, cap->buf,
1334                                  to_capture * hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1335             }
1336             rpos = (rpos + to_capture) % hw->mix_buf->size;
1337             live -= to_capture;
1338         }
1339         hw->mix_buf->pos = rpos;
1340 
1341         for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
1342             if (!sw->active && sw->empty) {
1343                 continue;
1344             }
1345 
1346             if (audio_bug(__func__, captured > sw->total_hw_samples_mixed)) {
1347                 dolog("captured=%zu sw->total_hw_samples_mixed=%zu\n",
1348                       captured, sw->total_hw_samples_mixed);
1349                 abort();
1350             }
1351 
1352             sw->total_hw_samples_mixed -= captured;
1353             sw->empty = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed == 0;
1354         }
1355     }
1356 }
1357 
1358 void audio_run(AudioState *s, const char *msg)
1359 {
1360     audio_run_out(s);
1361     audio_run_in(s);
1362     audio_run_capture(s);
1363 
1364 #ifdef DEBUG_POLL
1365     {
1366         static double prevtime;
1367         double currtime;
1368         struct timeval tv;
1369 
1370         if (gettimeofday (&tv, NULL)) {
1371             perror ("audio_run: gettimeofday");
1372             return;
1373         }
1374 
1375         currtime = tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_usec * 1e-6;
1376         dolog ("Elapsed since last %s: %f\n", msg, currtime - prevtime);
1377         prevtime = currtime;
1378     }
1379 #endif
1380 }
1381 
1382 void audio_generic_run_buffer_in(HWVoiceIn *hw)
1383 {
1384     if (unlikely(!hw->buf_emul)) {
1385         hw->size_emul = hw->samples * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1386         hw->buf_emul = g_malloc(hw->size_emul);
1387         hw->pos_emul = hw->pending_emul = 0;
1388     }
1389 
1390     while (hw->pending_emul < hw->size_emul) {
1391         size_t read_len = MIN(hw->size_emul - hw->pos_emul,
1392                               hw->size_emul - hw->pending_emul);
1393         size_t read = hw->pcm_ops->read(hw, hw->buf_emul + hw->pos_emul,
1394                                         read_len);
1395         hw->pending_emul += read;
1396         hw->pos_emul = (hw->pos_emul + read) % hw->size_emul;
1397         if (read < read_len) {
1398             break;
1399         }
1400     }
1401 }
1402 
1403 void *audio_generic_get_buffer_in(HWVoiceIn *hw, size_t *size)
1404 {
1405     size_t start;
1406 
1407     start = audio_ring_posb(hw->pos_emul, hw->pending_emul, hw->size_emul);
1408     assert(start < hw->size_emul);
1409 
1410     *size = MIN(*size, hw->pending_emul);
1411     *size = MIN(*size, hw->size_emul - start);
1412     return hw->buf_emul + start;
1413 }
1414 
1415 void audio_generic_put_buffer_in(HWVoiceIn *hw, void *buf, size_t size)
1416 {
1417     assert(size <= hw->pending_emul);
1418     hw->pending_emul -= size;
1419 }
1420 
1421 size_t audio_generic_buffer_get_free(HWVoiceOut *hw)
1422 {
1423     if (hw->buf_emul) {
1424         return hw->size_emul - hw->pending_emul;
1425     } else {
1426         return hw->samples * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1427     }
1428 }
1429 
1430 void audio_generic_run_buffer_out(HWVoiceOut *hw)
1431 {
1432     while (hw->pending_emul) {
1433         size_t write_len, written, start;
1434 
1435         start = audio_ring_posb(hw->pos_emul, hw->pending_emul, hw->size_emul);
1436         assert(start < hw->size_emul);
1437 
1438         write_len = MIN(hw->pending_emul, hw->size_emul - start);
1439 
1440         written = hw->pcm_ops->write(hw, hw->buf_emul + start, write_len);
1441         hw->pending_emul -= written;
1442 
1443         if (written < write_len) {
1444             break;
1445         }
1446     }
1447 }
1448 
1449 void *audio_generic_get_buffer_out(HWVoiceOut *hw, size_t *size)
1450 {
1451     if (unlikely(!hw->buf_emul)) {
1452         hw->size_emul = hw->samples * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1453         hw->buf_emul = g_malloc(hw->size_emul);
1454         hw->pos_emul = hw->pending_emul = 0;
1455     }
1456 
1457     *size = MIN(hw->size_emul - hw->pending_emul,
1458                 hw->size_emul - hw->pos_emul);
1459     return hw->buf_emul + hw->pos_emul;
1460 }
1461 
1462 size_t audio_generic_put_buffer_out(HWVoiceOut *hw, void *buf, size_t size)
1463 {
1464     assert(buf == hw->buf_emul + hw->pos_emul &&
1465            size + hw->pending_emul <= hw->size_emul);
1466 
1467     hw->pending_emul += size;
1468     hw->pos_emul = (hw->pos_emul + size) % hw->size_emul;
1469 
1470     return size;
1471 }
1472 
1473 size_t audio_generic_write(HWVoiceOut *hw, void *buf, size_t size)
1474 {
1475     size_t total = 0;
1476 
1477     if (hw->pcm_ops->buffer_get_free) {
1478         size_t free = hw->pcm_ops->buffer_get_free(hw);
1479 
1480         size = MIN(size, free);
1481     }
1482 
1483     while (total < size) {
1484         size_t dst_size = size - total;
1485         size_t copy_size, proc;
1486         void *dst = hw->pcm_ops->get_buffer_out(hw, &dst_size);
1487 
1488         if (dst_size == 0) {
1489             break;
1490         }
1491 
1492         copy_size = MIN(size - total, dst_size);
1493         if (dst) {
1494             memcpy(dst, (char *)buf + total, copy_size);
1495         }
1496         proc = hw->pcm_ops->put_buffer_out(hw, dst, copy_size);
1497         total += proc;
1498 
1499         if (proc == 0 || proc < copy_size) {
1500             break;
1501         }
1502     }
1503 
1504     if (hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out) {
1505         hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out(hw);
1506     }
1507 
1508     return total;
1509 }
1510 
1511 size_t audio_generic_read(HWVoiceIn *hw, void *buf, size_t size)
1512 {
1513     size_t total = 0;
1514 
1515     if (hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_in) {
1516         hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_in(hw);
1517     }
1518 
1519     while (total < size) {
1520         size_t src_size = size - total;
1521         void *src = hw->pcm_ops->get_buffer_in(hw, &src_size);
1522 
1523         if (src_size == 0) {
1524             break;
1525         }
1526 
1527         memcpy((char *)buf + total, src, src_size);
1528         hw->pcm_ops->put_buffer_in(hw, src, src_size);
1529         total += src_size;
1530     }
1531 
1532     return total;
1533 }
1534 
1535 static int audio_driver_init(AudioState *s, struct audio_driver *drv,
1536                              bool msg, Audiodev *dev)
1537 {
1538     s->drv_opaque = drv->init(dev);
1539 
1540     if (s->drv_opaque) {
1541         if (!drv->pcm_ops->get_buffer_in) {
1542             drv->pcm_ops->get_buffer_in = audio_generic_get_buffer_in;
1543             drv->pcm_ops->put_buffer_in = audio_generic_put_buffer_in;
1544         }
1545         if (!drv->pcm_ops->get_buffer_out) {
1546             drv->pcm_ops->get_buffer_out = audio_generic_get_buffer_out;
1547             drv->pcm_ops->put_buffer_out = audio_generic_put_buffer_out;
1548         }
1549 
1550         audio_init_nb_voices_out(s, drv);
1551         audio_init_nb_voices_in(s, drv);
1552         s->drv = drv;
1553         return 0;
1554     } else {
1555         if (msg) {
1556             dolog("Could not init `%s' audio driver\n", drv->name);
1557         }
1558         return -1;
1559     }
1560 }
1561 
1562 static void audio_vm_change_state_handler (void *opaque, bool running,
1563                                            RunState state)
1564 {
1565     AudioState *s = opaque;
1566     HWVoiceOut *hwo = NULL;
1567     HWVoiceIn *hwi = NULL;
1568 
1569     s->vm_running = running;
1570     while ((hwo = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_out(s, hwo))) {
1571         if (hwo->pcm_ops->enable_out) {
1572             hwo->pcm_ops->enable_out(hwo, running);
1573         }
1574     }
1575 
1576     while ((hwi = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_in(s, hwi))) {
1577         if (hwi->pcm_ops->enable_in) {
1578             hwi->pcm_ops->enable_in(hwi, running);
1579         }
1580     }
1581     audio_reset_timer (s);
1582 }
1583 
1584 static void free_audio_state(AudioState *s)
1585 {
1586     HWVoiceOut *hwo, *hwon;
1587     HWVoiceIn *hwi, *hwin;
1588 
1589     QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(hwo, &s->hw_head_out, entries, hwon) {
1590         SWVoiceCap *sc;
1591 
1592         if (hwo->enabled && hwo->pcm_ops->enable_out) {
1593             hwo->pcm_ops->enable_out(hwo, false);
1594         }
1595         hwo->pcm_ops->fini_out (hwo);
1596 
1597         for (sc = hwo->cap_head.lh_first; sc; sc = sc->entries.le_next) {
1598             CaptureVoiceOut *cap = sc->cap;
1599             struct capture_callback *cb;
1600 
1601             for (cb = cap->cb_head.lh_first; cb; cb = cb->entries.le_next) {
1602                 cb->ops.destroy (cb->opaque);
1603             }
1604         }
1605         QLIST_REMOVE(hwo, entries);
1606     }
1607 
1608     QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(hwi, &s->hw_head_in, entries, hwin) {
1609         if (hwi->enabled && hwi->pcm_ops->enable_in) {
1610             hwi->pcm_ops->enable_in(hwi, false);
1611         }
1612         hwi->pcm_ops->fini_in (hwi);
1613         QLIST_REMOVE(hwi, entries);
1614     }
1615 
1616     if (s->drv) {
1617         s->drv->fini (s->drv_opaque);
1618         s->drv = NULL;
1619     }
1620 
1621     if (s->dev) {
1622         qapi_free_Audiodev(s->dev);
1623         s->dev = NULL;
1624     }
1625 
1626     if (s->ts) {
1627         timer_free(s->ts);
1628         s->ts = NULL;
1629     }
1630 
1631     g_free(s);
1632 }
1633 
1634 void audio_cleanup(void)
1635 {
1636     while (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&audio_states)) {
1637         AudioState *s = QTAILQ_FIRST(&audio_states);
1638         QTAILQ_REMOVE(&audio_states, s, list);
1639         free_audio_state(s);
1640     }
1641 }
1642 
1643 static bool vmstate_audio_needed(void *opaque)
1644 {
1645     /*
1646      * Never needed, this vmstate only exists in case
1647      * an old qemu sends it to us.
1648      */
1649     return false;
1650 }
1651 
1652 static const VMStateDescription vmstate_audio = {
1653     .name = "audio",
1654     .version_id = 1,
1655     .minimum_version_id = 1,
1656     .needed = vmstate_audio_needed,
1657     .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
1658         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
1659     }
1660 };
1661 
1662 static void audio_validate_opts(Audiodev *dev, Error **errp);
1663 
1664 static AudiodevListEntry *audiodev_find(
1665     AudiodevListHead *head, const char *drvname)
1666 {
1667     AudiodevListEntry *e;
1668     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(e, head, next) {
1669         if (strcmp(AudiodevDriver_str(e->dev->driver), drvname) == 0) {
1670             return e;
1671         }
1672     }
1673 
1674     return NULL;
1675 }
1676 
1677 /*
1678  * if we have dev, this function was called because of an -audiodev argument =>
1679  *   initialize a new state with it
1680  * if dev == NULL => legacy implicit initialization, return the already created
1681  *   state or create a new one
1682  */
1683 static AudioState *audio_init(Audiodev *dev, const char *name)
1684 {
1685     static bool atexit_registered;
1686     size_t i;
1687     int done = 0;
1688     const char *drvname = NULL;
1689     VMChangeStateEntry *e;
1690     AudioState *s;
1691     struct audio_driver *driver;
1692     /* silence gcc warning about uninitialized variable */
1693     AudiodevListHead head = QSIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(head);
1694 
1695     if (using_spice) {
1696         /*
1697          * When using spice allow the spice audio driver being picked
1698          * as default.
1699          *
1700          * Temporary hack.  Using audio devices without explicit
1701          * audiodev= property is already deprecated.  Same goes for
1702          * the -soundhw switch.  Once this support gets finally
1703          * removed we can also drop the concept of a default audio
1704          * backend and this can go away.
1705          */
1706         driver = audio_driver_lookup("spice");
1707         if (driver) {
1708             driver->can_be_default = 1;
1709         }
1710     }
1711 
1712     if (dev) {
1713         /* -audiodev option */
1714         legacy_config = false;
1715         drvname = AudiodevDriver_str(dev->driver);
1716     } else if (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&audio_states)) {
1717         if (!legacy_config) {
1718             dolog("Device %s: audiodev default parameter is deprecated, please "
1719                   "specify audiodev=%s\n", name,
1720                   QTAILQ_FIRST(&audio_states)->dev->id);
1721         }
1722         return QTAILQ_FIRST(&audio_states);
1723     } else {
1724         /* legacy implicit initialization */
1725         head = audio_handle_legacy_opts();
1726         /*
1727          * In case of legacy initialization, all Audiodevs in the list will have
1728          * the same configuration (except the driver), so it doesn't matter which
1729          * one we chose.  We need an Audiodev to set up AudioState before we can
1730          * init a driver.  Also note that dev at this point is still in the
1731          * list.
1732          */
1733         dev = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(&head)->dev;
1734         audio_validate_opts(dev, &error_abort);
1735     }
1736 
1737     s = g_new0(AudioState, 1);
1738     s->dev = dev;
1739 
1740     QLIST_INIT (&s->hw_head_out);
1741     QLIST_INIT (&s->hw_head_in);
1742     QLIST_INIT (&s->cap_head);
1743     if (!atexit_registered) {
1744         atexit(audio_cleanup);
1745         atexit_registered = true;
1746     }
1747 
1748     s->ts = timer_new_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL, audio_timer, s);
1749 
1750     s->nb_hw_voices_out = audio_get_pdo_out(dev)->voices;
1751     s->nb_hw_voices_in = audio_get_pdo_in(dev)->voices;
1752 
1753     if (s->nb_hw_voices_out <= 0) {
1754         dolog ("Bogus number of playback voices %d, setting to 1\n",
1755                s->nb_hw_voices_out);
1756         s->nb_hw_voices_out = 1;
1757     }
1758 
1759     if (s->nb_hw_voices_in <= 0) {
1760         dolog ("Bogus number of capture voices %d, setting to 0\n",
1761                s->nb_hw_voices_in);
1762         s->nb_hw_voices_in = 0;
1763     }
1764 
1765     if (drvname) {
1766         driver = audio_driver_lookup(drvname);
1767         if (driver) {
1768             done = !audio_driver_init(s, driver, true, dev);
1769         } else {
1770             dolog ("Unknown audio driver `%s'\n", drvname);
1771         }
1772         if (!done) {
1773             free_audio_state(s);
1774             return NULL;
1775         }
1776     } else {
1777         for (i = 0; audio_prio_list[i]; i++) {
1778             AudiodevListEntry *e = audiodev_find(&head, audio_prio_list[i]);
1779             driver = audio_driver_lookup(audio_prio_list[i]);
1780 
1781             if (e && driver) {
1782                 s->dev = dev = e->dev;
1783                 audio_validate_opts(dev, &error_abort);
1784                 done = !audio_driver_init(s, driver, false, dev);
1785                 if (done) {
1786                     e->dev = NULL;
1787                     break;
1788                 }
1789             }
1790         }
1791     }
1792     audio_free_audiodev_list(&head);
1793 
1794     if (!done) {
1795         driver = audio_driver_lookup("none");
1796         done = !audio_driver_init(s, driver, false, dev);
1797         assert(done);
1798         dolog("warning: Using timer based audio emulation\n");
1799     }
1800 
1801     if (dev->timer_period <= 0) {
1802         s->period_ticks = 1;
1803     } else {
1804         s->period_ticks = dev->timer_period * (int64_t)SCALE_US;
1805     }
1806 
1807     e = qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler (audio_vm_change_state_handler, s);
1808     if (!e) {
1809         dolog ("warning: Could not register change state handler\n"
1810                "(Audio can continue looping even after stopping the VM)\n");
1811     }
1812 
1813     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&audio_states, s, list);
1814     QLIST_INIT (&s->card_head);
1815     vmstate_register (NULL, 0, &vmstate_audio, s);
1816     return s;
1817 }
1818 
1819 void audio_free_audiodev_list(AudiodevListHead *head)
1820 {
1821     AudiodevListEntry *e;
1822     while ((e = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(head))) {
1823         QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(head, next);
1824         qapi_free_Audiodev(e->dev);
1825         g_free(e);
1826     }
1827 }
1828 
1829 void AUD_register_card (const char *name, QEMUSoundCard *card)
1830 {
1831     if (!card->state) {
1832         card->state = audio_init(NULL, name);
1833     }
1834 
1835     card->name = g_strdup (name);
1836     memset (&card->entries, 0, sizeof (card->entries));
1837     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&card->state->card_head, card, entries);
1838 }
1839 
1840 void AUD_remove_card (QEMUSoundCard *card)
1841 {
1842     QLIST_REMOVE (card, entries);
1843     g_free (card->name);
1844 }
1845 
1846 static struct audio_pcm_ops capture_pcm_ops;
1847 
1848 CaptureVoiceOut *AUD_add_capture(
1849     AudioState *s,
1850     struct audsettings *as,
1851     struct audio_capture_ops *ops,
1852     void *cb_opaque
1853     )
1854 {
1855     CaptureVoiceOut *cap;
1856     struct capture_callback *cb;
1857 
1858     if (!s) {
1859         if (!legacy_config) {
1860             dolog("Capturing without setting an audiodev is deprecated\n");
1861         }
1862         s = audio_init(NULL, NULL);
1863     }
1864 
1865     if (!audio_get_pdo_out(s->dev)->mixing_engine) {
1866         dolog("Can't capture with mixeng disabled\n");
1867         return NULL;
1868     }
1869 
1870     if (audio_validate_settings (as)) {
1871         dolog ("Invalid settings were passed when trying to add capture\n");
1872         audio_print_settings (as);
1873         return NULL;
1874     }
1875 
1876     cb = g_malloc0(sizeof(*cb));
1877     cb->ops = *ops;
1878     cb->opaque = cb_opaque;
1879 
1880     cap = audio_pcm_capture_find_specific(s, as);
1881     if (cap) {
1882         QLIST_INSERT_HEAD (&cap->cb_head, cb, entries);
1883         return cap;
1884     } else {
1885         HWVoiceOut *hw;
1886         CaptureVoiceOut *cap;
1887 
1888         cap = g_malloc0(sizeof(*cap));
1889 
1890         hw = &cap->hw;
1891         hw->s = s;
1892         hw->pcm_ops = &capture_pcm_ops;
1893         QLIST_INIT (&hw->sw_head);
1894         QLIST_INIT (&cap->cb_head);
1895 
1896         /* XXX find a more elegant way */
1897         hw->samples = 4096 * 4;
1898         audio_pcm_hw_alloc_resources_out(hw);
1899 
1900         audio_pcm_init_info (&hw->info, as);
1901 
1902         cap->buf = g_malloc0_n(hw->mix_buf->size, hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1903 
1904         if (hw->info.is_float) {
1905             hw->clip = mixeng_clip_float[hw->info.nchannels == 2];
1906         } else {
1907             hw->clip = mixeng_clip
1908                 [hw->info.nchannels == 2]
1909                 [hw->info.is_signed]
1910                 [hw->info.swap_endianness]
1911                 [audio_bits_to_index(hw->info.bits)];
1912         }
1913 
1914         QLIST_INSERT_HEAD (&s->cap_head, cap, entries);
1915         QLIST_INSERT_HEAD (&cap->cb_head, cb, entries);
1916 
1917         QLIST_FOREACH(hw, &s->hw_head_out, entries) {
1918             audio_attach_capture (hw);
1919         }
1920         return cap;
1921     }
1922 }
1923 
1924 void AUD_del_capture (CaptureVoiceOut *cap, void *cb_opaque)
1925 {
1926     struct capture_callback *cb;
1927 
1928     for (cb = cap->cb_head.lh_first; cb; cb = cb->entries.le_next) {
1929         if (cb->opaque == cb_opaque) {
1930             cb->ops.destroy (cb_opaque);
1931             QLIST_REMOVE (cb, entries);
1932             g_free (cb);
1933 
1934             if (!cap->cb_head.lh_first) {
1935                 SWVoiceOut *sw = cap->hw.sw_head.lh_first, *sw1;
1936 
1937                 while (sw) {
1938                     SWVoiceCap *sc = (SWVoiceCap *) sw;
1939 #ifdef DEBUG_CAPTURE
1940                     dolog ("freeing %s\n", sw->name);
1941 #endif
1942 
1943                     sw1 = sw->entries.le_next;
1944                     if (sw->rate) {
1945                         st_rate_stop (sw->rate);
1946                         sw->rate = NULL;
1947                     }
1948                     QLIST_REMOVE (sw, entries);
1949                     QLIST_REMOVE (sc, entries);
1950                     g_free (sc);
1951                     sw = sw1;
1952                 }
1953                 QLIST_REMOVE (cap, entries);
1954                 g_free (cap->hw.mix_buf);
1955                 g_free (cap->buf);
1956                 g_free (cap);
1957             }
1958             return;
1959         }
1960     }
1961 }
1962 
1963 void AUD_set_volume_out (SWVoiceOut *sw, int mute, uint8_t lvol, uint8_t rvol)
1964 {
1965     Volume vol = { .mute = mute, .channels = 2, .vol = { lvol, rvol } };
1966     audio_set_volume_out(sw, &vol);
1967 }
1968 
1969 void audio_set_volume_out(SWVoiceOut *sw, Volume *vol)
1970 {
1971     if (sw) {
1972         HWVoiceOut *hw = sw->hw;
1973 
1974         sw->vol.mute = vol->mute;
1975         sw->vol.l = nominal_volume.l * vol->vol[0] / 255;
1976         sw->vol.r = nominal_volume.l * vol->vol[vol->channels > 1 ? 1 : 0] /
1977             255;
1978 
1979         if (hw->pcm_ops->volume_out) {
1980             hw->pcm_ops->volume_out(hw, vol);
1981         }
1982     }
1983 }
1984 
1985 void AUD_set_volume_in (SWVoiceIn *sw, int mute, uint8_t lvol, uint8_t rvol)
1986 {
1987     Volume vol = { .mute = mute, .channels = 2, .vol = { lvol, rvol } };
1988     audio_set_volume_in(sw, &vol);
1989 }
1990 
1991 void audio_set_volume_in(SWVoiceIn *sw, Volume *vol)
1992 {
1993     if (sw) {
1994         HWVoiceIn *hw = sw->hw;
1995 
1996         sw->vol.mute = vol->mute;
1997         sw->vol.l = nominal_volume.l * vol->vol[0] / 255;
1998         sw->vol.r = nominal_volume.r * vol->vol[vol->channels > 1 ? 1 : 0] /
1999             255;
2000 
2001         if (hw->pcm_ops->volume_in) {
2002             hw->pcm_ops->volume_in(hw, vol);
2003         }
2004     }
2005 }
2006 
2007 void audio_create_pdos(Audiodev *dev)
2008 {
2009     switch (dev->driver) {
2010 #define CASE(DRIVER, driver, pdo_name)                              \
2011     case AUDIODEV_DRIVER_##DRIVER:                                  \
2012         if (!dev->u.driver.has_in) {                                \
2013             dev->u.driver.in = g_malloc0(                           \
2014                 sizeof(Audiodev##pdo_name##PerDirectionOptions));   \
2015             dev->u.driver.has_in = true;                            \
2016         }                                                           \
2017         if (!dev->u.driver.has_out) {                               \
2018             dev->u.driver.out = g_malloc0(                          \
2019                 sizeof(Audiodev##pdo_name##PerDirectionOptions));   \
2020             dev->u.driver.has_out = true;                           \
2021         }                                                           \
2022         break
2023 
2024         CASE(NONE, none, );
2025         CASE(ALSA, alsa, Alsa);
2026         CASE(COREAUDIO, coreaudio, Coreaudio);
2027         CASE(DBUS, dbus, );
2028         CASE(DSOUND, dsound, );
2029         CASE(JACK, jack, Jack);
2030         CASE(OSS, oss, Oss);
2031         CASE(PA, pa, Pa);
2032         CASE(SDL, sdl, Sdl);
2033         CASE(SPICE, spice, );
2034         CASE(WAV, wav, );
2035 
2036     case AUDIODEV_DRIVER__MAX:
2037         abort();
2038     };
2039 }
2040 
2041 static void audio_validate_per_direction_opts(
2042     AudiodevPerDirectionOptions *pdo, Error **errp)
2043 {
2044     if (!pdo->has_mixing_engine) {
2045         pdo->has_mixing_engine = true;
2046         pdo->mixing_engine = true;
2047     }
2048     if (!pdo->has_fixed_settings) {
2049         pdo->has_fixed_settings = true;
2050         pdo->fixed_settings = pdo->mixing_engine;
2051     }
2052     if (!pdo->fixed_settings &&
2053         (pdo->has_frequency || pdo->has_channels || pdo->has_format)) {
2054         error_setg(errp,
2055                    "You can't use frequency, channels or format with fixed-settings=off");
2056         return;
2057     }
2058     if (!pdo->mixing_engine && pdo->fixed_settings) {
2059         error_setg(errp, "You can't use fixed-settings without mixeng");
2060         return;
2061     }
2062 
2063     if (!pdo->has_frequency) {
2064         pdo->has_frequency = true;
2065         pdo->frequency = 44100;
2066     }
2067     if (!pdo->has_channels) {
2068         pdo->has_channels = true;
2069         pdo->channels = 2;
2070     }
2071     if (!pdo->has_voices) {
2072         pdo->has_voices = true;
2073         pdo->voices = pdo->mixing_engine ? 1 : INT_MAX;
2074     }
2075     if (!pdo->has_format) {
2076         pdo->has_format = true;
2077         pdo->format = AUDIO_FORMAT_S16;
2078     }
2079 }
2080 
2081 static void audio_validate_opts(Audiodev *dev, Error **errp)
2082 {
2083     Error *err = NULL;
2084 
2085     audio_create_pdos(dev);
2086 
2087     audio_validate_per_direction_opts(audio_get_pdo_in(dev), &err);
2088     if (err) {
2089         error_propagate(errp, err);
2090         return;
2091     }
2092 
2093     audio_validate_per_direction_opts(audio_get_pdo_out(dev), &err);
2094     if (err) {
2095         error_propagate(errp, err);
2096         return;
2097     }
2098 
2099     if (!dev->has_timer_period) {
2100         dev->has_timer_period = true;
2101         dev->timer_period = 10000; /* 100Hz -> 10ms */
2102     }
2103 }
2104 
2105 void audio_help(void)
2106 {
2107     int i;
2108 
2109     printf("Available audio drivers:\n");
2110 
2111     for (i = 0; i < AUDIODEV_DRIVER__MAX; i++) {
2112         audio_driver *driver = audio_driver_lookup(AudiodevDriver_str(i));
2113         if (driver) {
2114             printf("%s\n", driver->name);
2115         }
2116     }
2117 }
2118 
2119 void audio_parse_option(const char *opt)
2120 {
2121     Audiodev *dev = NULL;
2122 
2123     if (is_help_option(opt)) {
2124         audio_help();
2125         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
2126     }
2127     Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(opt, "driver", &error_fatal);
2128     visit_type_Audiodev(v, NULL, &dev, &error_fatal);
2129     visit_free(v);
2130 
2131     audio_define(dev);
2132 }
2133 
2134 void audio_define(Audiodev *dev)
2135 {
2136     AudiodevListEntry *e;
2137 
2138     audio_validate_opts(dev, &error_fatal);
2139 
2140     e = g_new0(AudiodevListEntry, 1);
2141     e->dev = dev;
2142     QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&audiodevs, e, next);
2143 }
2144 
2145 bool audio_init_audiodevs(void)
2146 {
2147     AudiodevListEntry *e;
2148 
2149     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(e, &audiodevs, next) {
2150         if (!audio_init(e->dev, NULL)) {
2151             return false;
2152         }
2153     }
2154 
2155     return true;
2156 }
2157 
2158 audsettings audiodev_to_audsettings(AudiodevPerDirectionOptions *pdo)
2159 {
2160     return (audsettings) {
2161         .freq = pdo->frequency,
2162         .nchannels = pdo->channels,
2163         .fmt = pdo->format,
2164         .endianness = AUDIO_HOST_ENDIANNESS,
2165     };
2166 }
2167 
2168 int audioformat_bytes_per_sample(AudioFormat fmt)
2169 {
2170     switch (fmt) {
2171     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
2172     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
2173         return 1;
2174 
2175     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
2176     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
2177         return 2;
2178 
2179     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
2180     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
2181     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
2182         return 4;
2183 
2184     case AUDIO_FORMAT__MAX:
2185         ;
2186     }
2187     abort();
2188 }
2189 
2190 
2191 /* frames = freq * usec / 1e6 */
2192 int audio_buffer_frames(AudiodevPerDirectionOptions *pdo,
2193                         audsettings *as, int def_usecs)
2194 {
2195     uint64_t usecs = pdo->has_buffer_length ? pdo->buffer_length : def_usecs;
2196     return (as->freq * usecs + 500000) / 1000000;
2197 }
2198 
2199 /* samples = channels * frames = channels * freq * usec / 1e6 */
2200 int audio_buffer_samples(AudiodevPerDirectionOptions *pdo,
2201                          audsettings *as, int def_usecs)
2202 {
2203     return as->nchannels * audio_buffer_frames(pdo, as, def_usecs);
2204 }
2205 
2206 /*
2207  * bytes = bytes_per_sample * samples =
2208  *     bytes_per_sample * channels * freq * usec / 1e6
2209  */
2210 int audio_buffer_bytes(AudiodevPerDirectionOptions *pdo,
2211                        audsettings *as, int def_usecs)
2212 {
2213     return audio_buffer_samples(pdo, as, def_usecs) *
2214         audioformat_bytes_per_sample(as->fmt);
2215 }
2216 
2217 AudioState *audio_state_by_name(const char *name)
2218 {
2219     AudioState *s;
2220     QTAILQ_FOREACH(s, &audio_states, list) {
2221         assert(s->dev);
2222         if (strcmp(name, s->dev->id) == 0) {
2223             return s;
2224         }
2225     }
2226     return NULL;
2227 }
2228 
2229 const char *audio_get_id(QEMUSoundCard *card)
2230 {
2231     if (card->state) {
2232         assert(card->state->dev);
2233         return card->state->dev->id;
2234     } else {
2235         return "";
2236     }
2237 }
2238 
2239 const char *audio_application_name(void)
2240 {
2241     const char *vm_name;
2242 
2243     vm_name = qemu_get_vm_name();
2244     return vm_name ? vm_name : "qemu";
2245 }
2246 
2247 void audio_rate_start(RateCtl *rate)
2248 {
2249     memset(rate, 0, sizeof(RateCtl));
2250     rate->start_ticks = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
2251 }
2252 
2253 size_t audio_rate_get_bytes(struct audio_pcm_info *info, RateCtl *rate,
2254                             size_t bytes_avail)
2255 {
2256     int64_t now;
2257     int64_t ticks;
2258     int64_t bytes;
2259     int64_t samples;
2260     size_t ret;
2261 
2262     now = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
2263     ticks = now - rate->start_ticks;
2264     bytes = muldiv64(ticks, info->bytes_per_second, NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND);
2265     samples = (bytes - rate->bytes_sent) / info->bytes_per_frame;
2266     if (samples < 0 || samples > 65536) {
2267         AUD_log(NULL, "Resetting rate control (%" PRId64 " samples)\n", samples);
2268         audio_rate_start(rate);
2269         samples = 0;
2270     }
2271 
2272     ret = MIN(samples * info->bytes_per_frame, bytes_avail);
2273     rate->bytes_sent += ret;
2274     return ret;
2275 }
2276