xref: /openbmc/qemu/audio/audio.c (revision d0bf492f)
1 /*
2  * QEMU Audio subsystem
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Vassili Karpov (malc)
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "audio.h"
27 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
28 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
29 #include "qemu/timer.h"
30 #include "qapi/error.h"
31 #include "qapi/clone-visitor.h"
32 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
33 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-audio.h"
34 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-audio.h"
35 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
36 #include "qemu/log.h"
37 #include "qemu/module.h"
38 #include "qemu/help_option.h"
39 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
40 #include "sysemu/replay.h"
41 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
42 #include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
43 #include "trace.h"
44 
45 #define AUDIO_CAP "audio"
46 #include "audio_int.h"
47 
48 /* #define DEBUG_LIVE */
49 /* #define DEBUG_OUT */
50 /* #define DEBUG_CAPTURE */
51 /* #define DEBUG_POLL */
52 
53 #define SW_NAME(sw) (sw)->name ? (sw)->name : "unknown"
54 
55 
56 /* Order of CONFIG_AUDIO_DRIVERS is import.
57    The 1st one is the one used by default, that is the reason
58     that we generate the list.
59 */
60 const char *audio_prio_list[] = {
61     "spice",
62     CONFIG_AUDIO_DRIVERS
63     "none",
64     "wav",
65     NULL
66 };
67 
68 static QLIST_HEAD(, audio_driver) audio_drivers;
69 static AudiodevListHead audiodevs = QSIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(audiodevs);
70 
71 void audio_driver_register(audio_driver *drv)
72 {
73     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&audio_drivers, drv, next);
74 }
75 
76 audio_driver *audio_driver_lookup(const char *name)
77 {
78     struct audio_driver *d;
79     Error *local_err = NULL;
80     int rv;
81 
82     QLIST_FOREACH(d, &audio_drivers, next) {
83         if (strcmp(name, d->name) == 0) {
84             return d;
85         }
86     }
87     rv = audio_module_load(name, &local_err);
88     if (rv > 0) {
89         QLIST_FOREACH(d, &audio_drivers, next) {
90             if (strcmp(name, d->name) == 0) {
91                 return d;
92             }
93         }
94     } else if (rv < 0) {
95         error_report_err(local_err);
96     }
97     return NULL;
98 }
99 
100 static QTAILQ_HEAD(AudioStateHead, AudioState) audio_states =
101     QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(audio_states);
102 
103 const struct mixeng_volume nominal_volume = {
104     .mute = 0,
105 #ifdef FLOAT_MIXENG
106     .r = 1.0,
107     .l = 1.0,
108 #else
109     .r = 1ULL << 32,
110     .l = 1ULL << 32,
111 #endif
112 };
113 
114 static bool legacy_config = true;
115 
116 int audio_bug (const char *funcname, int cond)
117 {
118     if (cond) {
119         static int shown;
120 
121         AUD_log (NULL, "A bug was just triggered in %s\n", funcname);
122         if (!shown) {
123             shown = 1;
124             AUD_log (NULL, "Save all your work and restart without audio\n");
125             AUD_log (NULL, "I am sorry\n");
126         }
127         AUD_log (NULL, "Context:\n");
128     }
129 
130     return cond;
131 }
132 
133 static inline int audio_bits_to_index (int bits)
134 {
135     switch (bits) {
136     case 8:
137         return 0;
138 
139     case 16:
140         return 1;
141 
142     case 32:
143         return 2;
144 
145     default:
146         audio_bug ("bits_to_index", 1);
147         AUD_log (NULL, "invalid bits %d\n", bits);
148         return 0;
149     }
150 }
151 
152 void AUD_vlog (const char *cap, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
153 {
154     if (cap) {
155         fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", cap);
156     }
157 
158     vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
159 }
160 
161 void AUD_log (const char *cap, const char *fmt, ...)
162 {
163     va_list ap;
164 
165     va_start (ap, fmt);
166     AUD_vlog (cap, fmt, ap);
167     va_end (ap);
168 }
169 
170 static void audio_print_settings (struct audsettings *as)
171 {
172     dolog ("frequency=%d nchannels=%d fmt=", as->freq, as->nchannels);
173 
174     switch (as->fmt) {
175     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
176         AUD_log (NULL, "S8");
177         break;
178     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
179         AUD_log (NULL, "U8");
180         break;
181     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
182         AUD_log (NULL, "S16");
183         break;
184     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
185         AUD_log (NULL, "U16");
186         break;
187     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
188         AUD_log (NULL, "S32");
189         break;
190     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
191         AUD_log (NULL, "U32");
192         break;
193     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
194         AUD_log (NULL, "F32");
195         break;
196     default:
197         AUD_log (NULL, "invalid(%d)", as->fmt);
198         break;
199     }
200 
201     AUD_log (NULL, " endianness=");
202     switch (as->endianness) {
203     case 0:
204         AUD_log (NULL, "little");
205         break;
206     case 1:
207         AUD_log (NULL, "big");
208         break;
209     default:
210         AUD_log (NULL, "invalid");
211         break;
212     }
213     AUD_log (NULL, "\n");
214 }
215 
216 static int audio_validate_settings (struct audsettings *as)
217 {
218     int invalid;
219 
220     invalid = as->nchannels < 1;
221     invalid |= as->endianness != 0 && as->endianness != 1;
222 
223     switch (as->fmt) {
224     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
225     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
226     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
227     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
228     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
229     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
230     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
231         break;
232     default:
233         invalid = 1;
234         break;
235     }
236 
237     invalid |= as->freq <= 0;
238     return invalid ? -1 : 0;
239 }
240 
241 static int audio_pcm_info_eq (struct audio_pcm_info *info, struct audsettings *as)
242 {
243     int bits = 8;
244     bool is_signed = false, is_float = false;
245 
246     switch (as->fmt) {
247     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
248         is_signed = true;
249         /* fall through */
250     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
251         break;
252 
253     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
254         is_signed = true;
255         /* fall through */
256     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
257         bits = 16;
258         break;
259 
260     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
261         is_float = true;
262         /* fall through */
263     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
264         is_signed = true;
265         /* fall through */
266     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
267         bits = 32;
268         break;
269 
270     default:
271         abort();
272     }
273     return info->freq == as->freq
274         && info->nchannels == as->nchannels
275         && info->is_signed == is_signed
276         && info->is_float == is_float
277         && info->bits == bits
278         && info->swap_endianness == (as->endianness != AUDIO_HOST_ENDIANNESS);
279 }
280 
281 void audio_pcm_init_info (struct audio_pcm_info *info, struct audsettings *as)
282 {
283     int bits = 8, mul;
284     bool is_signed = false, is_float = false;
285 
286     switch (as->fmt) {
287     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
288         is_signed = true;
289         /* fall through */
290     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
291         mul = 1;
292         break;
293 
294     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
295         is_signed = true;
296         /* fall through */
297     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
298         bits = 16;
299         mul = 2;
300         break;
301 
302     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
303         is_float = true;
304         /* fall through */
305     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
306         is_signed = true;
307         /* fall through */
308     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
309         bits = 32;
310         mul = 4;
311         break;
312 
313     default:
314         abort();
315     }
316 
317     info->freq = as->freq;
318     info->bits = bits;
319     info->is_signed = is_signed;
320     info->is_float = is_float;
321     info->nchannels = as->nchannels;
322     info->bytes_per_frame = as->nchannels * mul;
323     info->bytes_per_second = info->freq * info->bytes_per_frame;
324     info->swap_endianness = (as->endianness != AUDIO_HOST_ENDIANNESS);
325 }
326 
327 void audio_pcm_info_clear_buf (struct audio_pcm_info *info, void *buf, int len)
328 {
329     if (!len) {
330         return;
331     }
332 
333     if (info->is_signed || info->is_float) {
334         memset(buf, 0x00, len * info->bytes_per_frame);
335     } else {
336         switch (info->bits) {
337         case 8:
338             memset(buf, 0x80, len * info->bytes_per_frame);
339             break;
340 
341         case 16:
342             {
343                 int i;
344                 uint16_t *p = buf;
345                 short s = INT16_MAX;
346 
347                 if (info->swap_endianness) {
348                     s = bswap16 (s);
349                 }
350 
351                 for (i = 0; i < len * info->nchannels; i++) {
352                     p[i] = s;
353                 }
354             }
355             break;
356 
357         case 32:
358             {
359                 int i;
360                 uint32_t *p = buf;
361                 int32_t s = INT32_MAX;
362 
363                 if (info->swap_endianness) {
364                     s = bswap32 (s);
365                 }
366 
367                 for (i = 0; i < len * info->nchannels; i++) {
368                     p[i] = s;
369                 }
370             }
371             break;
372 
373         default:
374             AUD_log (NULL, "audio_pcm_info_clear_buf: invalid bits %d\n",
375                      info->bits);
376             break;
377         }
378     }
379 }
380 
381 /*
382  * Capture
383  */
384 static CaptureVoiceOut *audio_pcm_capture_find_specific(AudioState *s,
385                                                         struct audsettings *as)
386 {
387     CaptureVoiceOut *cap;
388 
389     for (cap = s->cap_head.lh_first; cap; cap = cap->entries.le_next) {
390         if (audio_pcm_info_eq (&cap->hw.info, as)) {
391             return cap;
392         }
393     }
394     return NULL;
395 }
396 
397 static void audio_notify_capture (CaptureVoiceOut *cap, audcnotification_e cmd)
398 {
399     struct capture_callback *cb;
400 
401 #ifdef DEBUG_CAPTURE
402     dolog ("notification %d sent\n", cmd);
403 #endif
404     for (cb = cap->cb_head.lh_first; cb; cb = cb->entries.le_next) {
405         cb->ops.notify (cb->opaque, cmd);
406     }
407 }
408 
409 static void audio_capture_maybe_changed (CaptureVoiceOut *cap, int enabled)
410 {
411     if (cap->hw.enabled != enabled) {
412         audcnotification_e cmd;
413         cap->hw.enabled = enabled;
414         cmd = enabled ? AUD_CNOTIFY_ENABLE : AUD_CNOTIFY_DISABLE;
415         audio_notify_capture (cap, cmd);
416     }
417 }
418 
419 static void audio_recalc_and_notify_capture (CaptureVoiceOut *cap)
420 {
421     HWVoiceOut *hw = &cap->hw;
422     SWVoiceOut *sw;
423     int enabled = 0;
424 
425     for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
426         if (sw->active) {
427             enabled = 1;
428             break;
429         }
430     }
431     audio_capture_maybe_changed (cap, enabled);
432 }
433 
434 static void audio_detach_capture (HWVoiceOut *hw)
435 {
436     SWVoiceCap *sc = hw->cap_head.lh_first;
437 
438     while (sc) {
439         SWVoiceCap *sc1 = sc->entries.le_next;
440         SWVoiceOut *sw = &sc->sw;
441         CaptureVoiceOut *cap = sc->cap;
442         int was_active = sw->active;
443 
444         if (sw->rate) {
445             st_rate_stop (sw->rate);
446             sw->rate = NULL;
447         }
448 
449         QLIST_REMOVE (sw, entries);
450         QLIST_REMOVE (sc, entries);
451         g_free (sc);
452         if (was_active) {
453             /* We have removed soft voice from the capture:
454                this might have changed the overall status of the capture
455                since this might have been the only active voice */
456             audio_recalc_and_notify_capture (cap);
457         }
458         sc = sc1;
459     }
460 }
461 
462 static int audio_attach_capture (HWVoiceOut *hw)
463 {
464     AudioState *s = hw->s;
465     CaptureVoiceOut *cap;
466 
467     audio_detach_capture (hw);
468     for (cap = s->cap_head.lh_first; cap; cap = cap->entries.le_next) {
469         SWVoiceCap *sc;
470         SWVoiceOut *sw;
471         HWVoiceOut *hw_cap = &cap->hw;
472 
473         sc = g_malloc0(sizeof(*sc));
474 
475         sc->cap = cap;
476         sw = &sc->sw;
477         sw->hw = hw_cap;
478         sw->info = hw->info;
479         sw->empty = 1;
480         sw->active = hw->enabled;
481         sw->vol = nominal_volume;
482         sw->rate = st_rate_start (sw->info.freq, hw_cap->info.freq);
483         QLIST_INSERT_HEAD (&hw_cap->sw_head, sw, entries);
484         QLIST_INSERT_HEAD (&hw->cap_head, sc, entries);
485 #ifdef DEBUG_CAPTURE
486         sw->name = g_strdup_printf ("for %p %d,%d,%d",
487                                     hw, sw->info.freq, sw->info.bits,
488                                     sw->info.nchannels);
489         dolog ("Added %s active = %d\n", sw->name, sw->active);
490 #endif
491         if (sw->active) {
492             audio_capture_maybe_changed (cap, 1);
493         }
494     }
495     return 0;
496 }
497 
498 /*
499  * Hard voice (capture)
500  */
501 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_find_min_in (HWVoiceIn *hw)
502 {
503     SWVoiceIn *sw;
504     size_t m = hw->total_samples_captured;
505 
506     for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
507         if (sw->active) {
508             m = MIN (m, sw->total_hw_samples_acquired);
509         }
510     }
511     return m;
512 }
513 
514 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_get_live_in(HWVoiceIn *hw)
515 {
516     size_t live = hw->total_samples_captured - audio_pcm_hw_find_min_in (hw);
517     if (audio_bug(__func__, live > hw->conv_buf.size)) {
518         dolog("live=%zu hw->conv_buf.size=%zu\n", live, hw->conv_buf.size);
519         return 0;
520     }
521     return live;
522 }
523 
524 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_conv_in(HWVoiceIn *hw, void *pcm_buf, size_t samples)
525 {
526     size_t conv = 0;
527     STSampleBuffer *conv_buf = &hw->conv_buf;
528 
529     while (samples) {
530         uint8_t *src = advance(pcm_buf, conv * hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
531         size_t proc = MIN(samples, conv_buf->size - conv_buf->pos);
532 
533         hw->conv(conv_buf->buffer + conv_buf->pos, src, proc);
534         conv_buf->pos = (conv_buf->pos + proc) % conv_buf->size;
535         samples -= proc;
536         conv += proc;
537     }
538 
539     return conv;
540 }
541 
542 /*
543  * Soft voice (capture)
544  */
545 static void audio_pcm_sw_resample_in(SWVoiceIn *sw,
546     size_t frames_in_max, size_t frames_out_max,
547     size_t *total_in, size_t *total_out)
548 {
549     HWVoiceIn *hw = sw->hw;
550     struct st_sample *src, *dst;
551     size_t live, rpos, frames_in, frames_out;
552 
553     live = hw->total_samples_captured - sw->total_hw_samples_acquired;
554     rpos = audio_ring_posb(hw->conv_buf.pos, live, hw->conv_buf.size);
555 
556     /* resample conv_buf from rpos to end of buffer */
557     src = hw->conv_buf.buffer + rpos;
558     frames_in = MIN(frames_in_max, hw->conv_buf.size - rpos);
559     dst = sw->resample_buf.buffer;
560     frames_out = frames_out_max;
561     st_rate_flow(sw->rate, src, dst, &frames_in, &frames_out);
562     rpos += frames_in;
563     *total_in = frames_in;
564     *total_out = frames_out;
565 
566     /* resample conv_buf from start of buffer if there are input frames left */
567     if (frames_in_max - frames_in && rpos == hw->conv_buf.size) {
568         src = hw->conv_buf.buffer;
569         frames_in = frames_in_max - frames_in;
570         dst += frames_out;
571         frames_out = frames_out_max - frames_out;
572         st_rate_flow(sw->rate, src, dst, &frames_in, &frames_out);
573         *total_in += frames_in;
574         *total_out += frames_out;
575     }
576 }
577 
578 static size_t audio_pcm_sw_read(SWVoiceIn *sw, void *buf, size_t buf_len)
579 {
580     HWVoiceIn *hw = sw->hw;
581     size_t live, frames_out_max, total_in, total_out;
582 
583     live = hw->total_samples_captured - sw->total_hw_samples_acquired;
584     if (!live) {
585         return 0;
586     }
587     if (audio_bug(__func__, live > hw->conv_buf.size)) {
588         dolog("live_in=%zu hw->conv_buf.size=%zu\n", live, hw->conv_buf.size);
589         return 0;
590     }
591 
592     frames_out_max = MIN(buf_len / sw->info.bytes_per_frame,
593                          sw->resample_buf.size);
594 
595     audio_pcm_sw_resample_in(sw, live, frames_out_max, &total_in, &total_out);
596 
597     if (!hw->pcm_ops->volume_in) {
598         mixeng_volume(sw->resample_buf.buffer, total_out, &sw->vol);
599     }
600     sw->clip(buf, sw->resample_buf.buffer, total_out);
601 
602     sw->total_hw_samples_acquired += total_in;
603     return total_out * sw->info.bytes_per_frame;
604 }
605 
606 /*
607  * Hard voice (playback)
608  */
609 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_find_min_out (HWVoiceOut *hw, int *nb_livep)
610 {
611     SWVoiceOut *sw;
612     size_t m = SIZE_MAX;
613     int nb_live = 0;
614 
615     for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
616         if (sw->active || !sw->empty) {
617             m = MIN (m, sw->total_hw_samples_mixed);
618             nb_live += 1;
619         }
620     }
621 
622     *nb_livep = nb_live;
623     return m;
624 }
625 
626 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_get_live_out (HWVoiceOut *hw, int *nb_live)
627 {
628     size_t smin;
629     int nb_live1;
630 
631     smin = audio_pcm_hw_find_min_out (hw, &nb_live1);
632     if (nb_live) {
633         *nb_live = nb_live1;
634     }
635 
636     if (nb_live1) {
637         size_t live = smin;
638 
639         if (audio_bug(__func__, live > hw->mix_buf.size)) {
640             dolog("live=%zu hw->mix_buf.size=%zu\n", live, hw->mix_buf.size);
641             return 0;
642         }
643         return live;
644     }
645     return 0;
646 }
647 
648 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_get_free(HWVoiceOut *hw)
649 {
650     return (hw->pcm_ops->buffer_get_free ? hw->pcm_ops->buffer_get_free(hw) :
651             INT_MAX) / hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
652 }
653 
654 static void audio_pcm_hw_clip_out(HWVoiceOut *hw, void *pcm_buf, size_t len)
655 {
656     size_t clipped = 0;
657     size_t pos = hw->mix_buf.pos;
658 
659     while (len) {
660         st_sample *src = hw->mix_buf.buffer + pos;
661         uint8_t *dst = advance(pcm_buf, clipped * hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
662         size_t samples_till_end_of_buf = hw->mix_buf.size - pos;
663         size_t samples_to_clip = MIN(len, samples_till_end_of_buf);
664 
665         hw->clip(dst, src, samples_to_clip);
666 
667         pos = (pos + samples_to_clip) % hw->mix_buf.size;
668         len -= samples_to_clip;
669         clipped += samples_to_clip;
670     }
671 }
672 
673 /*
674  * Soft voice (playback)
675  */
676 static void audio_pcm_sw_resample_out(SWVoiceOut *sw,
677     size_t frames_in_max, size_t frames_out_max,
678     size_t *total_in, size_t *total_out)
679 {
680     HWVoiceOut *hw = sw->hw;
681     struct st_sample *src, *dst;
682     size_t live, wpos, frames_in, frames_out;
683 
684     live = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed;
685     wpos = (hw->mix_buf.pos + live) % hw->mix_buf.size;
686 
687     /* write to mix_buf from wpos to end of buffer */
688     src = sw->resample_buf.buffer;
689     frames_in = frames_in_max;
690     dst = hw->mix_buf.buffer + wpos;
691     frames_out = MIN(frames_out_max, hw->mix_buf.size - wpos);
692     st_rate_flow_mix(sw->rate, src, dst, &frames_in, &frames_out);
693     wpos += frames_out;
694     *total_in = frames_in;
695     *total_out = frames_out;
696 
697     /* write to mix_buf from start of buffer if there are input frames left */
698     if (frames_in_max - frames_in > 0 && wpos == hw->mix_buf.size) {
699         src += frames_in;
700         frames_in = frames_in_max - frames_in;
701         dst = hw->mix_buf.buffer;
702         frames_out = frames_out_max - frames_out;
703         st_rate_flow_mix(sw->rate, src, dst, &frames_in, &frames_out);
704         *total_in += frames_in;
705         *total_out += frames_out;
706     }
707 }
708 
709 static size_t audio_pcm_sw_write(SWVoiceOut *sw, void *buf, size_t buf_len)
710 {
711     HWVoiceOut *hw = sw->hw;
712     size_t live, dead, hw_free, sw_max, fe_max;
713     size_t frames_in_max, frames_out_max, total_in, total_out;
714 
715     live = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed;
716     if (audio_bug(__func__, live > hw->mix_buf.size)) {
717         dolog("live=%zu hw->mix_buf.size=%zu\n", live, hw->mix_buf.size);
718         return 0;
719     }
720 
721     if (live == hw->mix_buf.size) {
722 #ifdef DEBUG_OUT
723         dolog ("%s is full %zu\n", sw->name, live);
724 #endif
725         return 0;
726     }
727 
728     dead = hw->mix_buf.size - live;
729     hw_free = audio_pcm_hw_get_free(hw);
730     hw_free = hw_free > live ? hw_free - live : 0;
731     frames_out_max = MIN(dead, hw_free);
732     sw_max = st_rate_frames_in(sw->rate, frames_out_max);
733     fe_max = MIN(buf_len / sw->info.bytes_per_frame + sw->resample_buf.pos,
734                  sw->resample_buf.size);
735     frames_in_max = MIN(sw_max, fe_max);
736 
737     if (!frames_in_max) {
738         return 0;
739     }
740 
741     if (frames_in_max > sw->resample_buf.pos) {
742         sw->conv(sw->resample_buf.buffer + sw->resample_buf.pos,
743                  buf, frames_in_max - sw->resample_buf.pos);
744         if (!sw->hw->pcm_ops->volume_out) {
745             mixeng_volume(sw->resample_buf.buffer + sw->resample_buf.pos,
746                           frames_in_max - sw->resample_buf.pos, &sw->vol);
747         }
748     }
749 
750     audio_pcm_sw_resample_out(sw, frames_in_max, frames_out_max,
751                               &total_in, &total_out);
752 
753     sw->total_hw_samples_mixed += total_out;
754     sw->empty = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed == 0;
755 
756     /*
757      * Upsampling may leave one audio frame in the resample buffer. Decrement
758      * total_in by one if there was a leftover frame from the previous resample
759      * pass in the resample buffer. Increment total_in by one if the current
760      * resample pass left one frame in the resample buffer.
761      */
762     if (frames_in_max - total_in == 1) {
763         /* copy one leftover audio frame to the beginning of the buffer */
764         *sw->resample_buf.buffer = *(sw->resample_buf.buffer + total_in);
765         total_in += 1 - sw->resample_buf.pos;
766         sw->resample_buf.pos = 1;
767     } else if (total_in >= sw->resample_buf.pos) {
768         total_in -= sw->resample_buf.pos;
769         sw->resample_buf.pos = 0;
770     }
771 
772 #ifdef DEBUG_OUT
773     dolog (
774         "%s: write size %zu written %zu total mixed %zu\n",
775         SW_NAME(sw),
776         buf_len / sw->info.bytes_per_frame,
777         total_in,
778         sw->total_hw_samples_mixed
779         );
780 #endif
781 
782     return total_in * sw->info.bytes_per_frame;
783 }
784 
785 #ifdef DEBUG_AUDIO
786 static void audio_pcm_print_info (const char *cap, struct audio_pcm_info *info)
787 {
788     dolog("%s: bits %d, sign %d, float %d, freq %d, nchan %d\n",
789           cap, info->bits, info->is_signed, info->is_float, info->freq,
790           info->nchannels);
791 }
792 #endif
793 
794 #define DAC
795 #include "audio_template.h"
796 #undef DAC
797 #include "audio_template.h"
798 
799 /*
800  * Timer
801  */
802 static int audio_is_timer_needed(AudioState *s)
803 {
804     HWVoiceIn *hwi = NULL;
805     HWVoiceOut *hwo = NULL;
806 
807     while ((hwo = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_out(s, hwo))) {
808         if (!hwo->poll_mode) {
809             return 1;
810         }
811     }
812     while ((hwi = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_in(s, hwi))) {
813         if (!hwi->poll_mode) {
814             return 1;
815         }
816     }
817     return 0;
818 }
819 
820 static void audio_reset_timer (AudioState *s)
821 {
822     if (audio_is_timer_needed(s)) {
823         timer_mod_anticipate_ns(s->ts,
824             qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL) + s->period_ticks);
825         if (!s->timer_running) {
826             s->timer_running = true;
827             s->timer_last = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
828             trace_audio_timer_start(s->period_ticks / SCALE_MS);
829         }
830     } else {
831         timer_del(s->ts);
832         if (s->timer_running) {
833             s->timer_running = false;
834             trace_audio_timer_stop();
835         }
836     }
837 }
838 
839 static void audio_timer (void *opaque)
840 {
841     int64_t now, diff;
842     AudioState *s = opaque;
843 
844     now = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
845     diff = now - s->timer_last;
846     if (diff > s->period_ticks * 3 / 2) {
847         trace_audio_timer_delayed(diff / SCALE_MS);
848     }
849     s->timer_last = now;
850 
851     audio_run(s, "timer");
852     audio_reset_timer(s);
853 }
854 
855 /*
856  * Public API
857  */
858 size_t AUD_write(SWVoiceOut *sw, void *buf, size_t size)
859 {
860     HWVoiceOut *hw;
861 
862     if (!sw) {
863         /* XXX: Consider options */
864         return size;
865     }
866     hw = sw->hw;
867 
868     if (!hw->enabled) {
869         dolog ("Writing to disabled voice %s\n", SW_NAME (sw));
870         return 0;
871     }
872 
873     if (audio_get_pdo_out(hw->s->dev)->mixing_engine) {
874         return audio_pcm_sw_write(sw, buf, size);
875     } else {
876         return hw->pcm_ops->write(hw, buf, size);
877     }
878 }
879 
880 size_t AUD_read(SWVoiceIn *sw, void *buf, size_t size)
881 {
882     HWVoiceIn *hw;
883 
884     if (!sw) {
885         /* XXX: Consider options */
886         return size;
887     }
888     hw = sw->hw;
889 
890     if (!hw->enabled) {
891         dolog ("Reading from disabled voice %s\n", SW_NAME (sw));
892         return 0;
893     }
894 
895     if (audio_get_pdo_in(hw->s->dev)->mixing_engine) {
896         return audio_pcm_sw_read(sw, buf, size);
897     } else {
898         return hw->pcm_ops->read(hw, buf, size);
899     }
900 }
901 
902 int AUD_get_buffer_size_out(SWVoiceOut *sw)
903 {
904     return sw->hw->samples * sw->hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
905 }
906 
907 void AUD_set_active_out (SWVoiceOut *sw, int on)
908 {
909     HWVoiceOut *hw;
910 
911     if (!sw) {
912         return;
913     }
914 
915     hw = sw->hw;
916     if (sw->active != on) {
917         AudioState *s = sw->s;
918         SWVoiceOut *temp_sw;
919         SWVoiceCap *sc;
920 
921         if (on) {
922             hw->pending_disable = 0;
923             if (!hw->enabled) {
924                 hw->enabled = 1;
925                 if (s->vm_running) {
926                     if (hw->pcm_ops->enable_out) {
927                         hw->pcm_ops->enable_out(hw, true);
928                     }
929                     audio_reset_timer (s);
930                 }
931             }
932         } else {
933             if (hw->enabled) {
934                 int nb_active = 0;
935 
936                 for (temp_sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; temp_sw;
937                      temp_sw = temp_sw->entries.le_next) {
938                     nb_active += temp_sw->active != 0;
939                 }
940 
941                 hw->pending_disable = nb_active == 1;
942             }
943         }
944 
945         for (sc = hw->cap_head.lh_first; sc; sc = sc->entries.le_next) {
946             sc->sw.active = hw->enabled;
947             if (hw->enabled) {
948                 audio_capture_maybe_changed (sc->cap, 1);
949             }
950         }
951         sw->active = on;
952     }
953 }
954 
955 void AUD_set_active_in (SWVoiceIn *sw, int on)
956 {
957     HWVoiceIn *hw;
958 
959     if (!sw) {
960         return;
961     }
962 
963     hw = sw->hw;
964     if (sw->active != on) {
965         AudioState *s = sw->s;
966         SWVoiceIn *temp_sw;
967 
968         if (on) {
969             if (!hw->enabled) {
970                 hw->enabled = 1;
971                 if (s->vm_running) {
972                     if (hw->pcm_ops->enable_in) {
973                         hw->pcm_ops->enable_in(hw, true);
974                     }
975                     audio_reset_timer (s);
976                 }
977             }
978             sw->total_hw_samples_acquired = hw->total_samples_captured;
979         } else {
980             if (hw->enabled) {
981                 int nb_active = 0;
982 
983                 for (temp_sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; temp_sw;
984                      temp_sw = temp_sw->entries.le_next) {
985                     nb_active += temp_sw->active != 0;
986                 }
987 
988                 if (nb_active == 1) {
989                     hw->enabled = 0;
990                     if (hw->pcm_ops->enable_in) {
991                         hw->pcm_ops->enable_in(hw, false);
992                     }
993                 }
994             }
995         }
996         sw->active = on;
997     }
998 }
999 
1000 static size_t audio_get_avail (SWVoiceIn *sw)
1001 {
1002     size_t live;
1003 
1004     if (!sw) {
1005         return 0;
1006     }
1007 
1008     live = sw->hw->total_samples_captured - sw->total_hw_samples_acquired;
1009     if (audio_bug(__func__, live > sw->hw->conv_buf.size)) {
1010         dolog("live=%zu sw->hw->conv_buf.size=%zu\n", live,
1011               sw->hw->conv_buf.size);
1012         return 0;
1013     }
1014 
1015     ldebug (
1016         "%s: get_avail live %zu frontend frames %u\n",
1017         SW_NAME (sw),
1018         live, st_rate_frames_out(sw->rate, live)
1019         );
1020 
1021     return live;
1022 }
1023 
1024 static size_t audio_get_free(SWVoiceOut *sw)
1025 {
1026     size_t live, dead;
1027 
1028     if (!sw) {
1029         return 0;
1030     }
1031 
1032     live = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed;
1033 
1034     if (audio_bug(__func__, live > sw->hw->mix_buf.size)) {
1035         dolog("live=%zu sw->hw->mix_buf.size=%zu\n", live,
1036               sw->hw->mix_buf.size);
1037         return 0;
1038     }
1039 
1040     dead = sw->hw->mix_buf.size - live;
1041 
1042 #ifdef DEBUG_OUT
1043     dolog("%s: get_free live %zu dead %zu frontend frames %u\n",
1044           SW_NAME(sw), live, dead, st_rate_frames_in(sw->rate, dead));
1045 #endif
1046 
1047     return dead;
1048 }
1049 
1050 static void audio_capture_mix_and_clear(HWVoiceOut *hw, size_t rpos,
1051                                         size_t samples)
1052 {
1053     size_t n;
1054 
1055     if (hw->enabled) {
1056         SWVoiceCap *sc;
1057 
1058         for (sc = hw->cap_head.lh_first; sc; sc = sc->entries.le_next) {
1059             SWVoiceOut *sw = &sc->sw;
1060             size_t rpos2 = rpos;
1061 
1062             n = samples;
1063             while (n) {
1064                 size_t till_end_of_hw = hw->mix_buf.size - rpos2;
1065                 size_t to_read = MIN(till_end_of_hw, n);
1066                 size_t live, frames_in, frames_out;
1067 
1068                 sw->resample_buf.buffer = hw->mix_buf.buffer + rpos2;
1069                 sw->resample_buf.size = to_read;
1070                 live = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed;
1071 
1072                 audio_pcm_sw_resample_out(sw,
1073                                           to_read, sw->hw->mix_buf.size - live,
1074                                           &frames_in, &frames_out);
1075 
1076                 sw->total_hw_samples_mixed += frames_out;
1077                 sw->empty = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed == 0;
1078 
1079                 if (to_read - frames_in) {
1080                     dolog("Could not mix %zu frames into a capture "
1081                           "buffer, mixed %zu\n",
1082                           to_read, frames_in);
1083                     break;
1084                 }
1085                 n -= to_read;
1086                 rpos2 = (rpos2 + to_read) % hw->mix_buf.size;
1087             }
1088         }
1089     }
1090 
1091     n = MIN(samples, hw->mix_buf.size - rpos);
1092     mixeng_clear(hw->mix_buf.buffer + rpos, n);
1093     mixeng_clear(hw->mix_buf.buffer, samples - n);
1094 }
1095 
1096 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_run_out(HWVoiceOut *hw, size_t live)
1097 {
1098     size_t clipped = 0;
1099 
1100     while (live) {
1101         size_t size = live * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1102         size_t decr, proc;
1103         void *buf = hw->pcm_ops->get_buffer_out(hw, &size);
1104 
1105         if (size == 0) {
1106             break;
1107         }
1108 
1109         decr = MIN(size / hw->info.bytes_per_frame, live);
1110         if (buf) {
1111             audio_pcm_hw_clip_out(hw, buf, decr);
1112         }
1113         proc = hw->pcm_ops->put_buffer_out(hw, buf,
1114                                            decr * hw->info.bytes_per_frame) /
1115             hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1116 
1117         live -= proc;
1118         clipped += proc;
1119         hw->mix_buf.pos = (hw->mix_buf.pos + proc) % hw->mix_buf.size;
1120 
1121         if (proc == 0 || proc < decr) {
1122             break;
1123         }
1124     }
1125 
1126     if (hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out) {
1127         hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out(hw);
1128     }
1129 
1130     return clipped;
1131 }
1132 
1133 static void audio_run_out (AudioState *s)
1134 {
1135     HWVoiceOut *hw = NULL;
1136     SWVoiceOut *sw;
1137 
1138     while ((hw = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_out(s, hw))) {
1139         size_t played, live, prev_rpos;
1140         size_t hw_free = audio_pcm_hw_get_free(hw);
1141         int nb_live;
1142 
1143         if (!audio_get_pdo_out(s->dev)->mixing_engine) {
1144             /* there is exactly 1 sw for each hw with no mixeng */
1145             sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first;
1146 
1147             if (hw->pending_disable) {
1148                 hw->enabled = 0;
1149                 hw->pending_disable = 0;
1150                 if (hw->pcm_ops->enable_out) {
1151                     hw->pcm_ops->enable_out(hw, false);
1152                 }
1153             }
1154 
1155             if (sw->active) {
1156                 sw->callback.fn(sw->callback.opaque,
1157                                 hw_free * sw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1158             }
1159 
1160             if (hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out) {
1161                 hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out(hw);
1162             }
1163 
1164             continue;
1165         }
1166 
1167         for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
1168             if (sw->active) {
1169                 size_t sw_free = audio_get_free(sw);
1170                 size_t free;
1171 
1172                 if (hw_free > sw->total_hw_samples_mixed) {
1173                     free = st_rate_frames_in(sw->rate,
1174                         MIN(sw_free, hw_free - sw->total_hw_samples_mixed));
1175                 } else {
1176                     free = 0;
1177                 }
1178                 if (free > sw->resample_buf.pos) {
1179                     free = MIN(free, sw->resample_buf.size)
1180                            - sw->resample_buf.pos;
1181                     sw->callback.fn(sw->callback.opaque,
1182                                     free * sw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1183                 }
1184             }
1185         }
1186 
1187         live = audio_pcm_hw_get_live_out (hw, &nb_live);
1188         if (!nb_live) {
1189             live = 0;
1190         }
1191 
1192         if (audio_bug(__func__, live > hw->mix_buf.size)) {
1193             dolog("live=%zu hw->mix_buf.size=%zu\n", live, hw->mix_buf.size);
1194             continue;
1195         }
1196 
1197         if (hw->pending_disable && !nb_live) {
1198             SWVoiceCap *sc;
1199 #ifdef DEBUG_OUT
1200             dolog ("Disabling voice\n");
1201 #endif
1202             hw->enabled = 0;
1203             hw->pending_disable = 0;
1204             if (hw->pcm_ops->enable_out) {
1205                 hw->pcm_ops->enable_out(hw, false);
1206             }
1207             for (sc = hw->cap_head.lh_first; sc; sc = sc->entries.le_next) {
1208                 sc->sw.active = 0;
1209                 audio_recalc_and_notify_capture (sc->cap);
1210             }
1211             continue;
1212         }
1213 
1214         if (!live) {
1215             if (hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out) {
1216                 hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_out(hw);
1217             }
1218             continue;
1219         }
1220 
1221         prev_rpos = hw->mix_buf.pos;
1222         played = audio_pcm_hw_run_out(hw, live);
1223         replay_audio_out(&played);
1224         if (audio_bug(__func__, hw->mix_buf.pos >= hw->mix_buf.size)) {
1225             dolog("hw->mix_buf.pos=%zu hw->mix_buf.size=%zu played=%zu\n",
1226                   hw->mix_buf.pos, hw->mix_buf.size, played);
1227             hw->mix_buf.pos = 0;
1228         }
1229 
1230 #ifdef DEBUG_OUT
1231         dolog("played=%zu\n", played);
1232 #endif
1233 
1234         if (played) {
1235             hw->ts_helper += played;
1236             audio_capture_mix_and_clear (hw, prev_rpos, played);
1237         }
1238 
1239         for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
1240             if (!sw->active && sw->empty) {
1241                 continue;
1242             }
1243 
1244             if (audio_bug(__func__, played > sw->total_hw_samples_mixed)) {
1245                 dolog("played=%zu sw->total_hw_samples_mixed=%zu\n",
1246                       played, sw->total_hw_samples_mixed);
1247                 played = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed;
1248             }
1249 
1250             sw->total_hw_samples_mixed -= played;
1251 
1252             if (!sw->total_hw_samples_mixed) {
1253                 sw->empty = 1;
1254             }
1255         }
1256     }
1257 }
1258 
1259 static size_t audio_pcm_hw_run_in(HWVoiceIn *hw, size_t samples)
1260 {
1261     size_t conv = 0;
1262 
1263     if (hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_in) {
1264         hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_in(hw);
1265     }
1266 
1267     while (samples) {
1268         size_t proc;
1269         size_t size = samples * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1270         void *buf = hw->pcm_ops->get_buffer_in(hw, &size);
1271 
1272         assert(size % hw->info.bytes_per_frame == 0);
1273         if (size == 0) {
1274             break;
1275         }
1276 
1277         proc = audio_pcm_hw_conv_in(hw, buf, size / hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1278 
1279         samples -= proc;
1280         conv += proc;
1281         hw->pcm_ops->put_buffer_in(hw, buf, proc * hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1282     }
1283 
1284     return conv;
1285 }
1286 
1287 static void audio_run_in (AudioState *s)
1288 {
1289     HWVoiceIn *hw = NULL;
1290 
1291     if (!audio_get_pdo_in(s->dev)->mixing_engine) {
1292         while ((hw = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_in(s, hw))) {
1293             /* there is exactly 1 sw for each hw with no mixeng */
1294             SWVoiceIn *sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first;
1295             if (sw->active) {
1296                 sw->callback.fn(sw->callback.opaque, INT_MAX);
1297             }
1298         }
1299         return;
1300     }
1301 
1302     while ((hw = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_in(s, hw))) {
1303         SWVoiceIn *sw;
1304         size_t captured = 0, min;
1305 
1306         if (replay_mode != REPLAY_MODE_PLAY) {
1307             captured = audio_pcm_hw_run_in(
1308                 hw, hw->conv_buf.size - audio_pcm_hw_get_live_in(hw));
1309         }
1310         replay_audio_in(&captured, hw->conv_buf.buffer, &hw->conv_buf.pos,
1311                         hw->conv_buf.size);
1312 
1313         min = audio_pcm_hw_find_min_in (hw);
1314         hw->total_samples_captured += captured - min;
1315         hw->ts_helper += captured;
1316 
1317         for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
1318             sw->total_hw_samples_acquired -= min;
1319 
1320             if (sw->active) {
1321                 size_t sw_avail = audio_get_avail(sw);
1322                 size_t avail;
1323 
1324                 avail = st_rate_frames_out(sw->rate, sw_avail);
1325                 if (avail > 0) {
1326                     avail = MIN(avail, sw->resample_buf.size);
1327                     sw->callback.fn(sw->callback.opaque,
1328                                     avail * sw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1329                 }
1330             }
1331         }
1332     }
1333 }
1334 
1335 static void audio_run_capture (AudioState *s)
1336 {
1337     CaptureVoiceOut *cap;
1338 
1339     for (cap = s->cap_head.lh_first; cap; cap = cap->entries.le_next) {
1340         size_t live, rpos, captured;
1341         HWVoiceOut *hw = &cap->hw;
1342         SWVoiceOut *sw;
1343 
1344         captured = live = audio_pcm_hw_get_live_out (hw, NULL);
1345         rpos = hw->mix_buf.pos;
1346         while (live) {
1347             size_t left = hw->mix_buf.size - rpos;
1348             size_t to_capture = MIN(live, left);
1349             struct st_sample *src;
1350             struct capture_callback *cb;
1351 
1352             src = hw->mix_buf.buffer + rpos;
1353             hw->clip (cap->buf, src, to_capture);
1354             mixeng_clear (src, to_capture);
1355 
1356             for (cb = cap->cb_head.lh_first; cb; cb = cb->entries.le_next) {
1357                 cb->ops.capture (cb->opaque, cap->buf,
1358                                  to_capture * hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1359             }
1360             rpos = (rpos + to_capture) % hw->mix_buf.size;
1361             live -= to_capture;
1362         }
1363         hw->mix_buf.pos = rpos;
1364 
1365         for (sw = hw->sw_head.lh_first; sw; sw = sw->entries.le_next) {
1366             if (!sw->active && sw->empty) {
1367                 continue;
1368             }
1369 
1370             if (audio_bug(__func__, captured > sw->total_hw_samples_mixed)) {
1371                 dolog("captured=%zu sw->total_hw_samples_mixed=%zu\n",
1372                       captured, sw->total_hw_samples_mixed);
1373                 captured = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed;
1374             }
1375 
1376             sw->total_hw_samples_mixed -= captured;
1377             sw->empty = sw->total_hw_samples_mixed == 0;
1378         }
1379     }
1380 }
1381 
1382 void audio_run(AudioState *s, const char *msg)
1383 {
1384     audio_run_out(s);
1385     audio_run_in(s);
1386     audio_run_capture(s);
1387 
1388 #ifdef DEBUG_POLL
1389     {
1390         static double prevtime;
1391         double currtime;
1392         struct timeval tv;
1393 
1394         if (gettimeofday (&tv, NULL)) {
1395             perror ("audio_run: gettimeofday");
1396             return;
1397         }
1398 
1399         currtime = tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_usec * 1e-6;
1400         dolog ("Elapsed since last %s: %f\n", msg, currtime - prevtime);
1401         prevtime = currtime;
1402     }
1403 #endif
1404 }
1405 
1406 void audio_generic_run_buffer_in(HWVoiceIn *hw)
1407 {
1408     if (unlikely(!hw->buf_emul)) {
1409         hw->size_emul = hw->samples * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1410         hw->buf_emul = g_malloc(hw->size_emul);
1411         hw->pos_emul = hw->pending_emul = 0;
1412     }
1413 
1414     while (hw->pending_emul < hw->size_emul) {
1415         size_t read_len = MIN(hw->size_emul - hw->pos_emul,
1416                               hw->size_emul - hw->pending_emul);
1417         size_t read = hw->pcm_ops->read(hw, hw->buf_emul + hw->pos_emul,
1418                                         read_len);
1419         hw->pending_emul += read;
1420         hw->pos_emul = (hw->pos_emul + read) % hw->size_emul;
1421         if (read < read_len) {
1422             break;
1423         }
1424     }
1425 }
1426 
1427 void *audio_generic_get_buffer_in(HWVoiceIn *hw, size_t *size)
1428 {
1429     size_t start;
1430 
1431     start = audio_ring_posb(hw->pos_emul, hw->pending_emul, hw->size_emul);
1432     assert(start < hw->size_emul);
1433 
1434     *size = MIN(*size, hw->pending_emul);
1435     *size = MIN(*size, hw->size_emul - start);
1436     return hw->buf_emul + start;
1437 }
1438 
1439 void audio_generic_put_buffer_in(HWVoiceIn *hw, void *buf, size_t size)
1440 {
1441     assert(size <= hw->pending_emul);
1442     hw->pending_emul -= size;
1443 }
1444 
1445 size_t audio_generic_buffer_get_free(HWVoiceOut *hw)
1446 {
1447     if (hw->buf_emul) {
1448         return hw->size_emul - hw->pending_emul;
1449     } else {
1450         return hw->samples * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1451     }
1452 }
1453 
1454 void audio_generic_run_buffer_out(HWVoiceOut *hw)
1455 {
1456     while (hw->pending_emul) {
1457         size_t write_len, written, start;
1458 
1459         start = audio_ring_posb(hw->pos_emul, hw->pending_emul, hw->size_emul);
1460         assert(start < hw->size_emul);
1461 
1462         write_len = MIN(hw->pending_emul, hw->size_emul - start);
1463 
1464         written = hw->pcm_ops->write(hw, hw->buf_emul + start, write_len);
1465         hw->pending_emul -= written;
1466 
1467         if (written < write_len) {
1468             break;
1469         }
1470     }
1471 }
1472 
1473 void *audio_generic_get_buffer_out(HWVoiceOut *hw, size_t *size)
1474 {
1475     if (unlikely(!hw->buf_emul)) {
1476         hw->size_emul = hw->samples * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
1477         hw->buf_emul = g_malloc(hw->size_emul);
1478         hw->pos_emul = hw->pending_emul = 0;
1479     }
1480 
1481     *size = MIN(hw->size_emul - hw->pending_emul,
1482                 hw->size_emul - hw->pos_emul);
1483     return hw->buf_emul + hw->pos_emul;
1484 }
1485 
1486 size_t audio_generic_put_buffer_out(HWVoiceOut *hw, void *buf, size_t size)
1487 {
1488     assert(buf == hw->buf_emul + hw->pos_emul &&
1489            size + hw->pending_emul <= hw->size_emul);
1490 
1491     hw->pending_emul += size;
1492     hw->pos_emul = (hw->pos_emul + size) % hw->size_emul;
1493 
1494     return size;
1495 }
1496 
1497 size_t audio_generic_write(HWVoiceOut *hw, void *buf, size_t size)
1498 {
1499     size_t total = 0;
1500 
1501     if (hw->pcm_ops->buffer_get_free) {
1502         size_t free = hw->pcm_ops->buffer_get_free(hw);
1503 
1504         size = MIN(size, free);
1505     }
1506 
1507     while (total < size) {
1508         size_t dst_size = size - total;
1509         size_t copy_size, proc;
1510         void *dst = hw->pcm_ops->get_buffer_out(hw, &dst_size);
1511 
1512         if (dst_size == 0) {
1513             break;
1514         }
1515 
1516         copy_size = MIN(size - total, dst_size);
1517         if (dst) {
1518             memcpy(dst, (char *)buf + total, copy_size);
1519         }
1520         proc = hw->pcm_ops->put_buffer_out(hw, dst, copy_size);
1521         total += proc;
1522 
1523         if (proc == 0 || proc < copy_size) {
1524             break;
1525         }
1526     }
1527 
1528     return total;
1529 }
1530 
1531 size_t audio_generic_read(HWVoiceIn *hw, void *buf, size_t size)
1532 {
1533     size_t total = 0;
1534 
1535     if (hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_in) {
1536         hw->pcm_ops->run_buffer_in(hw);
1537     }
1538 
1539     while (total < size) {
1540         size_t src_size = size - total;
1541         void *src = hw->pcm_ops->get_buffer_in(hw, &src_size);
1542 
1543         if (src_size == 0) {
1544             break;
1545         }
1546 
1547         memcpy((char *)buf + total, src, src_size);
1548         hw->pcm_ops->put_buffer_in(hw, src, src_size);
1549         total += src_size;
1550     }
1551 
1552     return total;
1553 }
1554 
1555 static int audio_driver_init(AudioState *s, struct audio_driver *drv,
1556                              bool msg, Audiodev *dev)
1557 {
1558     s->drv_opaque = drv->init(dev);
1559 
1560     if (s->drv_opaque) {
1561         if (!drv->pcm_ops->get_buffer_in) {
1562             drv->pcm_ops->get_buffer_in = audio_generic_get_buffer_in;
1563             drv->pcm_ops->put_buffer_in = audio_generic_put_buffer_in;
1564         }
1565         if (!drv->pcm_ops->get_buffer_out) {
1566             drv->pcm_ops->get_buffer_out = audio_generic_get_buffer_out;
1567             drv->pcm_ops->put_buffer_out = audio_generic_put_buffer_out;
1568         }
1569 
1570         audio_init_nb_voices_out(s, drv);
1571         audio_init_nb_voices_in(s, drv);
1572         s->drv = drv;
1573         return 0;
1574     } else {
1575         if (msg) {
1576             dolog("Could not init `%s' audio driver\n", drv->name);
1577         }
1578         return -1;
1579     }
1580 }
1581 
1582 static void audio_vm_change_state_handler (void *opaque, bool running,
1583                                            RunState state)
1584 {
1585     AudioState *s = opaque;
1586     HWVoiceOut *hwo = NULL;
1587     HWVoiceIn *hwi = NULL;
1588 
1589     s->vm_running = running;
1590     while ((hwo = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_out(s, hwo))) {
1591         if (hwo->pcm_ops->enable_out) {
1592             hwo->pcm_ops->enable_out(hwo, running);
1593         }
1594     }
1595 
1596     while ((hwi = audio_pcm_hw_find_any_enabled_in(s, hwi))) {
1597         if (hwi->pcm_ops->enable_in) {
1598             hwi->pcm_ops->enable_in(hwi, running);
1599         }
1600     }
1601     audio_reset_timer (s);
1602 }
1603 
1604 static void free_audio_state(AudioState *s)
1605 {
1606     HWVoiceOut *hwo, *hwon;
1607     HWVoiceIn *hwi, *hwin;
1608 
1609     QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(hwo, &s->hw_head_out, entries, hwon) {
1610         SWVoiceCap *sc;
1611 
1612         if (hwo->enabled && hwo->pcm_ops->enable_out) {
1613             hwo->pcm_ops->enable_out(hwo, false);
1614         }
1615         hwo->pcm_ops->fini_out (hwo);
1616 
1617         for (sc = hwo->cap_head.lh_first; sc; sc = sc->entries.le_next) {
1618             CaptureVoiceOut *cap = sc->cap;
1619             struct capture_callback *cb;
1620 
1621             for (cb = cap->cb_head.lh_first; cb; cb = cb->entries.le_next) {
1622                 cb->ops.destroy (cb->opaque);
1623             }
1624         }
1625         QLIST_REMOVE(hwo, entries);
1626     }
1627 
1628     QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(hwi, &s->hw_head_in, entries, hwin) {
1629         if (hwi->enabled && hwi->pcm_ops->enable_in) {
1630             hwi->pcm_ops->enable_in(hwi, false);
1631         }
1632         hwi->pcm_ops->fini_in (hwi);
1633         QLIST_REMOVE(hwi, entries);
1634     }
1635 
1636     if (s->drv) {
1637         s->drv->fini (s->drv_opaque);
1638         s->drv = NULL;
1639     }
1640 
1641     if (s->dev) {
1642         qapi_free_Audiodev(s->dev);
1643         s->dev = NULL;
1644     }
1645 
1646     if (s->ts) {
1647         timer_free(s->ts);
1648         s->ts = NULL;
1649     }
1650 
1651     g_free(s);
1652 }
1653 
1654 void audio_cleanup(void)
1655 {
1656     while (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&audio_states)) {
1657         AudioState *s = QTAILQ_FIRST(&audio_states);
1658         QTAILQ_REMOVE(&audio_states, s, list);
1659         free_audio_state(s);
1660     }
1661 }
1662 
1663 static bool vmstate_audio_needed(void *opaque)
1664 {
1665     /*
1666      * Never needed, this vmstate only exists in case
1667      * an old qemu sends it to us.
1668      */
1669     return false;
1670 }
1671 
1672 static const VMStateDescription vmstate_audio = {
1673     .name = "audio",
1674     .version_id = 1,
1675     .minimum_version_id = 1,
1676     .needed = vmstate_audio_needed,
1677     .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
1678         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
1679     }
1680 };
1681 
1682 static void audio_validate_opts(Audiodev *dev, Error **errp);
1683 
1684 static AudiodevListEntry *audiodev_find(
1685     AudiodevListHead *head, const char *drvname)
1686 {
1687     AudiodevListEntry *e;
1688     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(e, head, next) {
1689         if (strcmp(AudiodevDriver_str(e->dev->driver), drvname) == 0) {
1690             return e;
1691         }
1692     }
1693 
1694     return NULL;
1695 }
1696 
1697 /*
1698  * if we have dev, this function was called because of an -audiodev argument =>
1699  *   initialize a new state with it
1700  * if dev == NULL => legacy implicit initialization, return the already created
1701  *   state or create a new one
1702  */
1703 static AudioState *audio_init(Audiodev *dev, const char *name)
1704 {
1705     static bool atexit_registered;
1706     size_t i;
1707     int done = 0;
1708     const char *drvname = NULL;
1709     VMChangeStateEntry *e;
1710     AudioState *s;
1711     struct audio_driver *driver;
1712     /* silence gcc warning about uninitialized variable */
1713     AudiodevListHead head = QSIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(head);
1714 
1715     if (using_spice) {
1716         /*
1717          * When using spice allow the spice audio driver being picked
1718          * as default.
1719          *
1720          * Temporary hack.  Using audio devices without explicit
1721          * audiodev= property is already deprecated.  Same goes for
1722          * the -soundhw switch.  Once this support gets finally
1723          * removed we can also drop the concept of a default audio
1724          * backend and this can go away.
1725          */
1726         driver = audio_driver_lookup("spice");
1727         if (driver) {
1728             driver->can_be_default = 1;
1729         }
1730     }
1731 
1732     if (dev) {
1733         /* -audiodev option */
1734         legacy_config = false;
1735         drvname = AudiodevDriver_str(dev->driver);
1736     } else if (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&audio_states)) {
1737         if (!legacy_config) {
1738             dolog("Device %s: audiodev default parameter is deprecated, please "
1739                   "specify audiodev=%s\n", name,
1740                   QTAILQ_FIRST(&audio_states)->dev->id);
1741         }
1742         return QTAILQ_FIRST(&audio_states);
1743     } else {
1744         /* legacy implicit initialization */
1745         head = audio_handle_legacy_opts();
1746         /*
1747          * In case of legacy initialization, all Audiodevs in the list will have
1748          * the same configuration (except the driver), so it doesn't matter which
1749          * one we chose.  We need an Audiodev to set up AudioState before we can
1750          * init a driver.  Also note that dev at this point is still in the
1751          * list.
1752          */
1753         dev = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(&head)->dev;
1754         audio_validate_opts(dev, &error_abort);
1755     }
1756 
1757     s = g_new0(AudioState, 1);
1758     s->dev = dev;
1759 
1760     QLIST_INIT (&s->hw_head_out);
1761     QLIST_INIT (&s->hw_head_in);
1762     QLIST_INIT (&s->cap_head);
1763     if (!atexit_registered) {
1764         atexit(audio_cleanup);
1765         atexit_registered = true;
1766     }
1767 
1768     s->ts = timer_new_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL, audio_timer, s);
1769 
1770     s->nb_hw_voices_out = audio_get_pdo_out(dev)->voices;
1771     s->nb_hw_voices_in = audio_get_pdo_in(dev)->voices;
1772 
1773     if (s->nb_hw_voices_out < 1) {
1774         dolog ("Bogus number of playback voices %d, setting to 1\n",
1775                s->nb_hw_voices_out);
1776         s->nb_hw_voices_out = 1;
1777     }
1778 
1779     if (s->nb_hw_voices_in < 0) {
1780         dolog ("Bogus number of capture voices %d, setting to 0\n",
1781                s->nb_hw_voices_in);
1782         s->nb_hw_voices_in = 0;
1783     }
1784 
1785     if (drvname) {
1786         driver = audio_driver_lookup(drvname);
1787         if (driver) {
1788             done = !audio_driver_init(s, driver, true, dev);
1789         } else {
1790             dolog ("Unknown audio driver `%s'\n", drvname);
1791         }
1792         if (!done) {
1793             free_audio_state(s);
1794             return NULL;
1795         }
1796     } else {
1797         for (i = 0; audio_prio_list[i]; i++) {
1798             AudiodevListEntry *e = audiodev_find(&head, audio_prio_list[i]);
1799             driver = audio_driver_lookup(audio_prio_list[i]);
1800 
1801             if (e && driver) {
1802                 s->dev = dev = e->dev;
1803                 audio_validate_opts(dev, &error_abort);
1804                 done = !audio_driver_init(s, driver, false, dev);
1805                 if (done) {
1806                     e->dev = NULL;
1807                     break;
1808                 }
1809             }
1810         }
1811     }
1812     audio_free_audiodev_list(&head);
1813 
1814     if (!done) {
1815         driver = audio_driver_lookup("none");
1816         done = !audio_driver_init(s, driver, false, dev);
1817         assert(done);
1818         dolog("warning: Using timer based audio emulation\n");
1819     }
1820 
1821     if (dev->timer_period <= 0) {
1822         s->period_ticks = 1;
1823     } else {
1824         s->period_ticks = dev->timer_period * (int64_t)SCALE_US;
1825     }
1826 
1827     e = qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler (audio_vm_change_state_handler, s);
1828     if (!e) {
1829         dolog ("warning: Could not register change state handler\n"
1830                "(Audio can continue looping even after stopping the VM)\n");
1831     }
1832 
1833     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&audio_states, s, list);
1834     QLIST_INIT (&s->card_head);
1835     vmstate_register (NULL, 0, &vmstate_audio, s);
1836     return s;
1837 }
1838 
1839 void audio_free_audiodev_list(AudiodevListHead *head)
1840 {
1841     AudiodevListEntry *e;
1842     while ((e = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(head))) {
1843         QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(head, next);
1844         qapi_free_Audiodev(e->dev);
1845         g_free(e);
1846     }
1847 }
1848 
1849 void AUD_register_card (const char *name, QEMUSoundCard *card)
1850 {
1851     if (!card->state) {
1852         card->state = audio_init(NULL, name);
1853     }
1854 
1855     card->name = g_strdup (name);
1856     memset (&card->entries, 0, sizeof (card->entries));
1857     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&card->state->card_head, card, entries);
1858 }
1859 
1860 void AUD_remove_card (QEMUSoundCard *card)
1861 {
1862     QLIST_REMOVE (card, entries);
1863     g_free (card->name);
1864 }
1865 
1866 static struct audio_pcm_ops capture_pcm_ops;
1867 
1868 CaptureVoiceOut *AUD_add_capture(
1869     AudioState *s,
1870     struct audsettings *as,
1871     struct audio_capture_ops *ops,
1872     void *cb_opaque
1873     )
1874 {
1875     CaptureVoiceOut *cap;
1876     struct capture_callback *cb;
1877 
1878     if (!s) {
1879         if (!legacy_config) {
1880             dolog("Capturing without setting an audiodev is deprecated\n");
1881         }
1882         s = audio_init(NULL, NULL);
1883     }
1884 
1885     if (!audio_get_pdo_out(s->dev)->mixing_engine) {
1886         dolog("Can't capture with mixeng disabled\n");
1887         return NULL;
1888     }
1889 
1890     if (audio_validate_settings (as)) {
1891         dolog ("Invalid settings were passed when trying to add capture\n");
1892         audio_print_settings (as);
1893         return NULL;
1894     }
1895 
1896     cb = g_malloc0(sizeof(*cb));
1897     cb->ops = *ops;
1898     cb->opaque = cb_opaque;
1899 
1900     cap = audio_pcm_capture_find_specific(s, as);
1901     if (cap) {
1902         QLIST_INSERT_HEAD (&cap->cb_head, cb, entries);
1903         return cap;
1904     } else {
1905         HWVoiceOut *hw;
1906         CaptureVoiceOut *cap;
1907 
1908         cap = g_malloc0(sizeof(*cap));
1909 
1910         hw = &cap->hw;
1911         hw->s = s;
1912         hw->pcm_ops = &capture_pcm_ops;
1913         QLIST_INIT (&hw->sw_head);
1914         QLIST_INIT (&cap->cb_head);
1915 
1916         /* XXX find a more elegant way */
1917         hw->samples = 4096 * 4;
1918         audio_pcm_hw_alloc_resources_out(hw);
1919 
1920         audio_pcm_init_info (&hw->info, as);
1921 
1922         cap->buf = g_malloc0_n(hw->mix_buf.size, hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
1923 
1924         if (hw->info.is_float) {
1925             hw->clip = mixeng_clip_float[hw->info.nchannels == 2];
1926         } else {
1927             hw->clip = mixeng_clip
1928                 [hw->info.nchannels == 2]
1929                 [hw->info.is_signed]
1930                 [hw->info.swap_endianness]
1931                 [audio_bits_to_index(hw->info.bits)];
1932         }
1933 
1934         QLIST_INSERT_HEAD (&s->cap_head, cap, entries);
1935         QLIST_INSERT_HEAD (&cap->cb_head, cb, entries);
1936 
1937         QLIST_FOREACH(hw, &s->hw_head_out, entries) {
1938             audio_attach_capture (hw);
1939         }
1940         return cap;
1941     }
1942 }
1943 
1944 void AUD_del_capture (CaptureVoiceOut *cap, void *cb_opaque)
1945 {
1946     struct capture_callback *cb;
1947 
1948     for (cb = cap->cb_head.lh_first; cb; cb = cb->entries.le_next) {
1949         if (cb->opaque == cb_opaque) {
1950             cb->ops.destroy (cb_opaque);
1951             QLIST_REMOVE (cb, entries);
1952             g_free (cb);
1953 
1954             if (!cap->cb_head.lh_first) {
1955                 SWVoiceOut *sw = cap->hw.sw_head.lh_first, *sw1;
1956 
1957                 while (sw) {
1958                     SWVoiceCap *sc = (SWVoiceCap *) sw;
1959 #ifdef DEBUG_CAPTURE
1960                     dolog ("freeing %s\n", sw->name);
1961 #endif
1962 
1963                     sw1 = sw->entries.le_next;
1964                     if (sw->rate) {
1965                         st_rate_stop (sw->rate);
1966                         sw->rate = NULL;
1967                     }
1968                     QLIST_REMOVE (sw, entries);
1969                     QLIST_REMOVE (sc, entries);
1970                     g_free (sc);
1971                     sw = sw1;
1972                 }
1973                 QLIST_REMOVE (cap, entries);
1974                 g_free(cap->hw.mix_buf.buffer);
1975                 g_free (cap->buf);
1976                 g_free (cap);
1977             }
1978             return;
1979         }
1980     }
1981 }
1982 
1983 void AUD_set_volume_out (SWVoiceOut *sw, int mute, uint8_t lvol, uint8_t rvol)
1984 {
1985     Volume vol = { .mute = mute, .channels = 2, .vol = { lvol, rvol } };
1986     audio_set_volume_out(sw, &vol);
1987 }
1988 
1989 void audio_set_volume_out(SWVoiceOut *sw, Volume *vol)
1990 {
1991     if (sw) {
1992         HWVoiceOut *hw = sw->hw;
1993 
1994         sw->vol.mute = vol->mute;
1995         sw->vol.l = nominal_volume.l * vol->vol[0] / 255;
1996         sw->vol.r = nominal_volume.l * vol->vol[vol->channels > 1 ? 1 : 0] /
1997             255;
1998 
1999         if (hw->pcm_ops->volume_out) {
2000             hw->pcm_ops->volume_out(hw, vol);
2001         }
2002     }
2003 }
2004 
2005 void AUD_set_volume_in (SWVoiceIn *sw, int mute, uint8_t lvol, uint8_t rvol)
2006 {
2007     Volume vol = { .mute = mute, .channels = 2, .vol = { lvol, rvol } };
2008     audio_set_volume_in(sw, &vol);
2009 }
2010 
2011 void audio_set_volume_in(SWVoiceIn *sw, Volume *vol)
2012 {
2013     if (sw) {
2014         HWVoiceIn *hw = sw->hw;
2015 
2016         sw->vol.mute = vol->mute;
2017         sw->vol.l = nominal_volume.l * vol->vol[0] / 255;
2018         sw->vol.r = nominal_volume.r * vol->vol[vol->channels > 1 ? 1 : 0] /
2019             255;
2020 
2021         if (hw->pcm_ops->volume_in) {
2022             hw->pcm_ops->volume_in(hw, vol);
2023         }
2024     }
2025 }
2026 
2027 void audio_create_pdos(Audiodev *dev)
2028 {
2029     switch (dev->driver) {
2030 #define CASE(DRIVER, driver, pdo_name)                              \
2031     case AUDIODEV_DRIVER_##DRIVER:                                  \
2032         if (!dev->u.driver.in) {                                    \
2033             dev->u.driver.in = g_malloc0(                           \
2034                 sizeof(Audiodev##pdo_name##PerDirectionOptions));   \
2035         }                                                           \
2036         if (!dev->u.driver.out) {                                   \
2037             dev->u.driver.out = g_malloc0(                          \
2038                 sizeof(Audiodev##pdo_name##PerDirectionOptions));   \
2039         }                                                           \
2040         break
2041 
2042         CASE(NONE, none, );
2043 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDIO_ALSA
2044         CASE(ALSA, alsa, Alsa);
2045 #endif
2046 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDIO_COREAUDIO
2047         CASE(COREAUDIO, coreaudio, Coreaudio);
2048 #endif
2049 #ifdef CONFIG_DBUS_DISPLAY
2050         CASE(DBUS, dbus, );
2051 #endif
2052 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDIO_DSOUND
2053         CASE(DSOUND, dsound, );
2054 #endif
2055 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDIO_JACK
2056         CASE(JACK, jack, Jack);
2057 #endif
2058 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDIO_OSS
2059         CASE(OSS, oss, Oss);
2060 #endif
2061 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDIO_PA
2062         CASE(PA, pa, Pa);
2063 #endif
2064 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDIO_PIPEWIRE
2065         CASE(PIPEWIRE, pipewire, Pipewire);
2066 #endif
2067 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDIO_SDL
2068         CASE(SDL, sdl, Sdl);
2069 #endif
2070 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDIO_SNDIO
2071         CASE(SNDIO, sndio, );
2072 #endif
2073 #ifdef CONFIG_SPICE
2074         CASE(SPICE, spice, );
2075 #endif
2076         CASE(WAV, wav, );
2077 
2078     case AUDIODEV_DRIVER__MAX:
2079         abort();
2080     };
2081 }
2082 
2083 static void audio_validate_per_direction_opts(
2084     AudiodevPerDirectionOptions *pdo, Error **errp)
2085 {
2086     if (!pdo->has_mixing_engine) {
2087         pdo->has_mixing_engine = true;
2088         pdo->mixing_engine = true;
2089     }
2090     if (!pdo->has_fixed_settings) {
2091         pdo->has_fixed_settings = true;
2092         pdo->fixed_settings = pdo->mixing_engine;
2093     }
2094     if (!pdo->fixed_settings &&
2095         (pdo->has_frequency || pdo->has_channels || pdo->has_format)) {
2096         error_setg(errp,
2097                    "You can't use frequency, channels or format with fixed-settings=off");
2098         return;
2099     }
2100     if (!pdo->mixing_engine && pdo->fixed_settings) {
2101         error_setg(errp, "You can't use fixed-settings without mixeng");
2102         return;
2103     }
2104 
2105     if (!pdo->has_frequency) {
2106         pdo->has_frequency = true;
2107         pdo->frequency = 44100;
2108     }
2109     if (!pdo->has_channels) {
2110         pdo->has_channels = true;
2111         pdo->channels = 2;
2112     }
2113     if (!pdo->has_voices) {
2114         pdo->has_voices = true;
2115         pdo->voices = pdo->mixing_engine ? 1 : INT_MAX;
2116     }
2117     if (!pdo->has_format) {
2118         pdo->has_format = true;
2119         pdo->format = AUDIO_FORMAT_S16;
2120     }
2121 }
2122 
2123 static void audio_validate_opts(Audiodev *dev, Error **errp)
2124 {
2125     Error *err = NULL;
2126 
2127     audio_create_pdos(dev);
2128 
2129     audio_validate_per_direction_opts(audio_get_pdo_in(dev), &err);
2130     if (err) {
2131         error_propagate(errp, err);
2132         return;
2133     }
2134 
2135     audio_validate_per_direction_opts(audio_get_pdo_out(dev), &err);
2136     if (err) {
2137         error_propagate(errp, err);
2138         return;
2139     }
2140 
2141     if (!dev->has_timer_period) {
2142         dev->has_timer_period = true;
2143         dev->timer_period = 10000; /* 100Hz -> 10ms */
2144     }
2145 }
2146 
2147 void audio_help(void)
2148 {
2149     int i;
2150 
2151     printf("Available audio drivers:\n");
2152 
2153     for (i = 0; i < AUDIODEV_DRIVER__MAX; i++) {
2154         audio_driver *driver = audio_driver_lookup(AudiodevDriver_str(i));
2155         if (driver) {
2156             printf("%s\n", driver->name);
2157         }
2158     }
2159 }
2160 
2161 void audio_parse_option(const char *opt)
2162 {
2163     Audiodev *dev = NULL;
2164 
2165     if (is_help_option(opt)) {
2166         audio_help();
2167         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
2168     }
2169     Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(opt, "driver", &error_fatal);
2170     visit_type_Audiodev(v, NULL, &dev, &error_fatal);
2171     visit_free(v);
2172 
2173     audio_define(dev);
2174 }
2175 
2176 void audio_define(Audiodev *dev)
2177 {
2178     AudiodevListEntry *e;
2179 
2180     audio_validate_opts(dev, &error_fatal);
2181 
2182     e = g_new0(AudiodevListEntry, 1);
2183     e->dev = dev;
2184     QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&audiodevs, e, next);
2185 }
2186 
2187 bool audio_init_audiodevs(void)
2188 {
2189     AudiodevListEntry *e;
2190 
2191     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(e, &audiodevs, next) {
2192         if (!audio_init(e->dev, NULL)) {
2193             return false;
2194         }
2195     }
2196 
2197     return true;
2198 }
2199 
2200 audsettings audiodev_to_audsettings(AudiodevPerDirectionOptions *pdo)
2201 {
2202     return (audsettings) {
2203         .freq = pdo->frequency,
2204         .nchannels = pdo->channels,
2205         .fmt = pdo->format,
2206         .endianness = AUDIO_HOST_ENDIANNESS,
2207     };
2208 }
2209 
2210 int audioformat_bytes_per_sample(AudioFormat fmt)
2211 {
2212     switch (fmt) {
2213     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
2214     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
2215         return 1;
2216 
2217     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
2218     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
2219         return 2;
2220 
2221     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
2222     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
2223     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
2224         return 4;
2225 
2226     case AUDIO_FORMAT__MAX:
2227         ;
2228     }
2229     abort();
2230 }
2231 
2232 
2233 /* frames = freq * usec / 1e6 */
2234 int audio_buffer_frames(AudiodevPerDirectionOptions *pdo,
2235                         audsettings *as, int def_usecs)
2236 {
2237     uint64_t usecs = pdo->has_buffer_length ? pdo->buffer_length : def_usecs;
2238     return (as->freq * usecs + 500000) / 1000000;
2239 }
2240 
2241 /* samples = channels * frames = channels * freq * usec / 1e6 */
2242 int audio_buffer_samples(AudiodevPerDirectionOptions *pdo,
2243                          audsettings *as, int def_usecs)
2244 {
2245     return as->nchannels * audio_buffer_frames(pdo, as, def_usecs);
2246 }
2247 
2248 /*
2249  * bytes = bytes_per_sample * samples =
2250  *     bytes_per_sample * channels * freq * usec / 1e6
2251  */
2252 int audio_buffer_bytes(AudiodevPerDirectionOptions *pdo,
2253                        audsettings *as, int def_usecs)
2254 {
2255     return audio_buffer_samples(pdo, as, def_usecs) *
2256         audioformat_bytes_per_sample(as->fmt);
2257 }
2258 
2259 AudioState *audio_state_by_name(const char *name)
2260 {
2261     AudioState *s;
2262     QTAILQ_FOREACH(s, &audio_states, list) {
2263         assert(s->dev);
2264         if (strcmp(name, s->dev->id) == 0) {
2265             return s;
2266         }
2267     }
2268     return NULL;
2269 }
2270 
2271 const char *audio_get_id(QEMUSoundCard *card)
2272 {
2273     if (card->state) {
2274         assert(card->state->dev);
2275         return card->state->dev->id;
2276     } else {
2277         return "";
2278     }
2279 }
2280 
2281 const char *audio_application_name(void)
2282 {
2283     const char *vm_name;
2284 
2285     vm_name = qemu_get_vm_name();
2286     return vm_name ? vm_name : "qemu";
2287 }
2288 
2289 void audio_rate_start(RateCtl *rate)
2290 {
2291     memset(rate, 0, sizeof(RateCtl));
2292     rate->start_ticks = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
2293 }
2294 
2295 size_t audio_rate_peek_bytes(RateCtl *rate, struct audio_pcm_info *info)
2296 {
2297     int64_t now;
2298     int64_t ticks;
2299     int64_t bytes;
2300     int64_t frames;
2301 
2302     now = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
2303     ticks = now - rate->start_ticks;
2304     bytes = muldiv64(ticks, info->bytes_per_second, NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND);
2305     frames = (bytes - rate->bytes_sent) / info->bytes_per_frame;
2306     if (frames < 0 || frames > 65536) {
2307         AUD_log(NULL, "Resetting rate control (%" PRId64 " frames)\n", frames);
2308         audio_rate_start(rate);
2309         frames = 0;
2310     }
2311 
2312     return frames * info->bytes_per_frame;
2313 }
2314 
2315 void audio_rate_add_bytes(RateCtl *rate, size_t bytes_used)
2316 {
2317     rate->bytes_sent += bytes_used;
2318 }
2319 
2320 size_t audio_rate_get_bytes(RateCtl *rate, struct audio_pcm_info *info,
2321                             size_t bytes_avail)
2322 {
2323     size_t bytes;
2324 
2325     bytes = audio_rate_peek_bytes(rate, info);
2326     bytes = MIN(bytes, bytes_avail);
2327     audio_rate_add_bytes(rate, bytes);
2328 
2329     return bytes;
2330 }
2331 
2332 AudiodevList *qmp_query_audiodevs(Error **errp)
2333 {
2334     AudiodevList *ret = NULL;
2335     AudiodevListEntry *e;
2336     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(e, &audiodevs, next) {
2337         QAPI_LIST_PREPEND(ret, QAPI_CLONE(Audiodev, e->dev));
2338     }
2339     return ret;
2340 }
2341