1GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2 3Version 1, February 1989 4 5Copyright (C) 1989 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, 6Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 7 8Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license 9document, but changing it is not allowed. 10 11Preamble 12 13The license agreements of most software companies try to keep users at the 14mercy of those companies. By contrast, our General Public License is intended 15to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure 16the software is free for all its users. The General Public License applies 17to the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose 18authors commit to using it. You can use it for your programs, too. 19 20When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Specifically, 21the General Public License is designed to make sure that you have the freedom 22to give away or sell copies of free software, that you receive source code 23or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces 24of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 25 26To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to 27deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions 28translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of 29the software, or if you modify it. 30 31For example, if you distribute copies of a such a program, whether gratis 32or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You 33must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you 34must tell them their rights. 35 36We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) 37offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute 38and/or modify the software. 39 40Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that 41everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If 42the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients 43to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced 44by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations. 45 46The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification 47follow. 48 49GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION 50AND MODIFICATION 51 520. This License Agreement applies to any program or other work which contains 53a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under 54the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to 55any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the 56Program or any work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim 57or with modifications. Each licensee is addressed as "you". 58 591. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code 60as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately 61publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; 62keep intact all the notices that refer to this General Public License and 63to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program 64a copy of this General Public License along with the Program. You may charge 65a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy. 66 672. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, 68and copy and distribute such modifications under the terms of Paragraph 1 69above, provided that you also do the following: 70 71a) cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed 72the files and the date of any change; and 73 74b) cause the whole of any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole 75or in part contains the Program or any part thereof, either with or without 76modifications, to be licensed at no charge to all third parties under the 77terms of this General Public License (except that you may choose to grant 78warranty protection to some or all third parties, at your option). 79 80c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, 81you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the simplest 82and most usual way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate 83copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that 84you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under 85these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this General 86Public License. 87 88d) You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you 89may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 90 91Mere aggregation of another independent work with the Program (or its derivative) 92on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work 93under the scope of these terms. 94 953. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a portion or derivative of 96it, under Paragraph 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 97Paragraphs 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 98 99a) accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, 100which must be distributed under the terms of Paragraphs 1 and 2 above; or, 101 102b) accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give 103any third party free (except for a nominal charge for the cost of distribution) 104a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed 105under the terms of Paragraphs 1 and 2 above; or, 106 107c) accompany it with the information you received as to where the corresponding 108source code may be obtained. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial 109distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable 110form alone.) 111 112Source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications 113to it. For an executable file, complete source code means all the source code 114for all modules it contains; but, as a special exception, it need not include 115source code for modules which are standard libraries that accompany the operating 116system on which the executable file runs, or for standard header files or 117definitions files that accompany that operating system. 118 1194. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, distribute or transfer the Program 120except as expressly provided under this General Public License. Any attempt 121otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, distribute or transfer the Program 122is void, and will automatically terminate your rights to use the Program under 123this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights to use 124copies, from you under this General Public License will not have their licenses 125terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 126 1275. By copying, distributing or modifying the Program (or any work based on 128the Program) you indicate your acceptance of this license to do so, and all 129its terms and conditions. 130 1316. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), 132the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor 133to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. 134You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of 135the rights granted herein. 136 1377. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of 138the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar 139in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new 140problems or concerns. 141 142Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies 143a version number of the license which applies to it and "any later version", 144you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version 145or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the 146Program does not specify a version number of the license, you may choose any 147version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. 148 1498. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs 150whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for 151permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, 152write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. 153Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status 154of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse 155of software generally. 156 157 158 159 NO WARRANTY 9. 160 161BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE 162PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE 163STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM 164"AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, 165BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS 166FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE 167OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME 168THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 169 17010. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 171WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE 172THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY 173GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE 174OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA 175OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES 176OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH 177HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 178END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 179 180Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 181 182If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible 183use to humanity, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software 184which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 185 186To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach 187them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion 188of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a 189pointer to where the full notice is found. 190 191<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> 192 193Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author> 194 195This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under 196the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software 197Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) any later version. 198 199This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 200ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS 201FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. 202 203You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with 204this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass 205Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. 206 207Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 208 209If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when 210it starts in an interactive mode: 211 212Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19xx name of author Gnomovision comes 213with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, 214and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show 215c' for details. 216 217The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 218parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be 219called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks 220or menu items--whatever suits your program. 221 222You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, 223if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here 224a sample; alter the names: 225 226Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovision' 227(a program to direct compilers to make passes at assemblers) written by James 228Hacker. 229 230<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice 231 232That's all there is to it! 233