1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 
3 #define _GNU_SOURCE
4 
5 #include <stdio.h>
6 #include <sys/time.h>
7 #include <time.h>
8 #include <stdlib.h>
9 #include <sys/syscall.h>
10 #include <unistd.h>
11 #include <dlfcn.h>
12 #include <string.h>
13 #include <inttypes.h>
14 #include <signal.h>
15 #include <sys/ucontext.h>
16 #include <errno.h>
17 #include <err.h>
18 #include <sched.h>
19 #include <stdbool.h>
20 #include <setjmp.h>
21 #include <sys/uio.h>
22 
23 #include "helpers.h"
24 
25 #ifdef __x86_64__
26 # define VSYS(x) (x)
27 #else
28 # define VSYS(x) 0
29 #endif
30 
31 #ifndef SYS_getcpu
32 # ifdef __x86_64__
33 #  define SYS_getcpu 309
34 # else
35 #  define SYS_getcpu 318
36 # endif
37 #endif
38 
39 /* max length of lines in /proc/self/maps - anything longer is skipped here */
40 #define MAPS_LINE_LEN 128
41 
42 static void sethandler(int sig, void (*handler)(int, siginfo_t *, void *),
43 		       int flags)
44 {
45 	struct sigaction sa;
46 	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
47 	sa.sa_sigaction = handler;
48 	sa.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO | flags;
49 	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
50 	if (sigaction(sig, &sa, 0))
51 		err(1, "sigaction");
52 }
53 
54 /* vsyscalls and vDSO */
55 bool vsyscall_map_r = false, vsyscall_map_x = false;
56 
57 typedef long (*gtod_t)(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz);
58 const gtod_t vgtod = (gtod_t)VSYS(0xffffffffff600000);
59 gtod_t vdso_gtod;
60 
61 typedef int (*vgettime_t)(clockid_t, struct timespec *);
62 vgettime_t vdso_gettime;
63 
64 typedef long (*time_func_t)(time_t *t);
65 const time_func_t vtime = (time_func_t)VSYS(0xffffffffff600400);
66 time_func_t vdso_time;
67 
68 typedef long (*getcpu_t)(unsigned *, unsigned *, void *);
69 const getcpu_t vgetcpu = (getcpu_t)VSYS(0xffffffffff600800);
70 getcpu_t vdso_getcpu;
71 
72 static void init_vdso(void)
73 {
74 	void *vdso = dlopen("linux-vdso.so.1", RTLD_LAZY | RTLD_LOCAL | RTLD_NOLOAD);
75 	if (!vdso)
76 		vdso = dlopen("linux-gate.so.1", RTLD_LAZY | RTLD_LOCAL | RTLD_NOLOAD);
77 	if (!vdso) {
78 		printf("[WARN]\tfailed to find vDSO\n");
79 		return;
80 	}
81 
82 	vdso_gtod = (gtod_t)dlsym(vdso, "__vdso_gettimeofday");
83 	if (!vdso_gtod)
84 		printf("[WARN]\tfailed to find gettimeofday in vDSO\n");
85 
86 	vdso_gettime = (vgettime_t)dlsym(vdso, "__vdso_clock_gettime");
87 	if (!vdso_gettime)
88 		printf("[WARN]\tfailed to find clock_gettime in vDSO\n");
89 
90 	vdso_time = (time_func_t)dlsym(vdso, "__vdso_time");
91 	if (!vdso_time)
92 		printf("[WARN]\tfailed to find time in vDSO\n");
93 
94 	vdso_getcpu = (getcpu_t)dlsym(vdso, "__vdso_getcpu");
95 	if (!vdso_getcpu)
96 		printf("[WARN]\tfailed to find getcpu in vDSO\n");
97 }
98 
99 static int init_vsys(void)
100 {
101 #ifdef __x86_64__
102 	int nerrs = 0;
103 	FILE *maps;
104 	char line[MAPS_LINE_LEN];
105 	bool found = false;
106 
107 	maps = fopen("/proc/self/maps", "r");
108 	if (!maps) {
109 		printf("[WARN]\tCould not open /proc/self/maps -- assuming vsyscall is r-x\n");
110 		vsyscall_map_r = true;
111 		return 0;
112 	}
113 
114 	while (fgets(line, MAPS_LINE_LEN, maps)) {
115 		char r, x;
116 		void *start, *end;
117 		char name[MAPS_LINE_LEN];
118 
119 		/* sscanf() is safe here as strlen(name) >= strlen(line) */
120 		if (sscanf(line, "%p-%p %c-%cp %*x %*x:%*x %*u %s",
121 			   &start, &end, &r, &x, name) != 5)
122 			continue;
123 
124 		if (strcmp(name, "[vsyscall]"))
125 			continue;
126 
127 		printf("\tvsyscall map: %s", line);
128 
129 		if (start != (void *)0xffffffffff600000 ||
130 		    end != (void *)0xffffffffff601000) {
131 			printf("[FAIL]\taddress range is nonsense\n");
132 			nerrs++;
133 		}
134 
135 		printf("\tvsyscall permissions are %c-%c\n", r, x);
136 		vsyscall_map_r = (r == 'r');
137 		vsyscall_map_x = (x == 'x');
138 
139 		found = true;
140 		break;
141 	}
142 
143 	fclose(maps);
144 
145 	if (!found) {
146 		printf("\tno vsyscall map in /proc/self/maps\n");
147 		vsyscall_map_r = false;
148 		vsyscall_map_x = false;
149 	}
150 
151 	return nerrs;
152 #else
153 	return 0;
154 #endif
155 }
156 
157 /* syscalls */
158 static inline long sys_gtod(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz)
159 {
160 	return syscall(SYS_gettimeofday, tv, tz);
161 }
162 
163 static inline int sys_clock_gettime(clockid_t id, struct timespec *ts)
164 {
165 	return syscall(SYS_clock_gettime, id, ts);
166 }
167 
168 static inline long sys_time(time_t *t)
169 {
170 	return syscall(SYS_time, t);
171 }
172 
173 static inline long sys_getcpu(unsigned * cpu, unsigned * node,
174 			      void* cache)
175 {
176 	return syscall(SYS_getcpu, cpu, node, cache);
177 }
178 
179 static jmp_buf jmpbuf;
180 static volatile unsigned long segv_err;
181 
182 static void sigsegv(int sig, siginfo_t *info, void *ctx_void)
183 {
184 	ucontext_t *ctx = (ucontext_t *)ctx_void;
185 
186 	segv_err =  ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_ERR];
187 	siglongjmp(jmpbuf, 1);
188 }
189 
190 static double tv_diff(const struct timeval *a, const struct timeval *b)
191 {
192 	return (double)(a->tv_sec - b->tv_sec) +
193 		(double)((int)a->tv_usec - (int)b->tv_usec) * 1e-6;
194 }
195 
196 static int check_gtod(const struct timeval *tv_sys1,
197 		      const struct timeval *tv_sys2,
198 		      const struct timezone *tz_sys,
199 		      const char *which,
200 		      const struct timeval *tv_other,
201 		      const struct timezone *tz_other)
202 {
203 	int nerrs = 0;
204 	double d1, d2;
205 
206 	if (tz_other && (tz_sys->tz_minuteswest != tz_other->tz_minuteswest || tz_sys->tz_dsttime != tz_other->tz_dsttime)) {
207 		printf("[FAIL] %s tz mismatch\n", which);
208 		nerrs++;
209 	}
210 
211 	d1 = tv_diff(tv_other, tv_sys1);
212 	d2 = tv_diff(tv_sys2, tv_other);
213 	printf("\t%s time offsets: %lf %lf\n", which, d1, d2);
214 
215 	if (d1 < 0 || d2 < 0) {
216 		printf("[FAIL]\t%s time was inconsistent with the syscall\n", which);
217 		nerrs++;
218 	} else {
219 		printf("[OK]\t%s gettimeofday()'s timeval was okay\n", which);
220 	}
221 
222 	return nerrs;
223 }
224 
225 static int test_gtod(void)
226 {
227 	struct timeval tv_sys1, tv_sys2, tv_vdso, tv_vsys;
228 	struct timezone tz_sys, tz_vdso, tz_vsys;
229 	long ret_vdso = -1;
230 	long ret_vsys = -1;
231 	int nerrs = 0;
232 
233 	printf("[RUN]\ttest gettimeofday()\n");
234 
235 	if (sys_gtod(&tv_sys1, &tz_sys) != 0)
236 		err(1, "syscall gettimeofday");
237 	if (vdso_gtod)
238 		ret_vdso = vdso_gtod(&tv_vdso, &tz_vdso);
239 	if (vsyscall_map_x)
240 		ret_vsys = vgtod(&tv_vsys, &tz_vsys);
241 	if (sys_gtod(&tv_sys2, &tz_sys) != 0)
242 		err(1, "syscall gettimeofday");
243 
244 	if (vdso_gtod) {
245 		if (ret_vdso == 0) {
246 			nerrs += check_gtod(&tv_sys1, &tv_sys2, &tz_sys, "vDSO", &tv_vdso, &tz_vdso);
247 		} else {
248 			printf("[FAIL]\tvDSO gettimeofday() failed: %ld\n", ret_vdso);
249 			nerrs++;
250 		}
251 	}
252 
253 	if (vsyscall_map_x) {
254 		if (ret_vsys == 0) {
255 			nerrs += check_gtod(&tv_sys1, &tv_sys2, &tz_sys, "vsyscall", &tv_vsys, &tz_vsys);
256 		} else {
257 			printf("[FAIL]\tvsys gettimeofday() failed: %ld\n", ret_vsys);
258 			nerrs++;
259 		}
260 	}
261 
262 	return nerrs;
263 }
264 
265 static int test_time(void) {
266 	int nerrs = 0;
267 
268 	printf("[RUN]\ttest time()\n");
269 	long t_sys1, t_sys2, t_vdso = 0, t_vsys = 0;
270 	long t2_sys1 = -1, t2_sys2 = -1, t2_vdso = -1, t2_vsys = -1;
271 	t_sys1 = sys_time(&t2_sys1);
272 	if (vdso_time)
273 		t_vdso = vdso_time(&t2_vdso);
274 	if (vsyscall_map_x)
275 		t_vsys = vtime(&t2_vsys);
276 	t_sys2 = sys_time(&t2_sys2);
277 	if (t_sys1 < 0 || t_sys1 != t2_sys1 || t_sys2 < 0 || t_sys2 != t2_sys2) {
278 		printf("[FAIL]\tsyscall failed (ret1:%ld output1:%ld ret2:%ld output2:%ld)\n", t_sys1, t2_sys1, t_sys2, t2_sys2);
279 		nerrs++;
280 		return nerrs;
281 	}
282 
283 	if (vdso_time) {
284 		if (t_vdso < 0 || t_vdso != t2_vdso) {
285 			printf("[FAIL]\tvDSO failed (ret:%ld output:%ld)\n", t_vdso, t2_vdso);
286 			nerrs++;
287 		} else if (t_vdso < t_sys1 || t_vdso > t_sys2) {
288 			printf("[FAIL]\tvDSO returned the wrong time (%ld %ld %ld)\n", t_sys1, t_vdso, t_sys2);
289 			nerrs++;
290 		} else {
291 			printf("[OK]\tvDSO time() is okay\n");
292 		}
293 	}
294 
295 	if (vsyscall_map_x) {
296 		if (t_vsys < 0 || t_vsys != t2_vsys) {
297 			printf("[FAIL]\tvsyscall failed (ret:%ld output:%ld)\n", t_vsys, t2_vsys);
298 			nerrs++;
299 		} else if (t_vsys < t_sys1 || t_vsys > t_sys2) {
300 			printf("[FAIL]\tvsyscall returned the wrong time (%ld %ld %ld)\n", t_sys1, t_vsys, t_sys2);
301 			nerrs++;
302 		} else {
303 			printf("[OK]\tvsyscall time() is okay\n");
304 		}
305 	}
306 
307 	return nerrs;
308 }
309 
310 static int test_getcpu(int cpu)
311 {
312 	int nerrs = 0;
313 	long ret_sys, ret_vdso = -1, ret_vsys = -1;
314 
315 	printf("[RUN]\tgetcpu() on CPU %d\n", cpu);
316 
317 	cpu_set_t cpuset;
318 	CPU_ZERO(&cpuset);
319 	CPU_SET(cpu, &cpuset);
320 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(cpuset), &cpuset) != 0) {
321 		printf("[SKIP]\tfailed to force CPU %d\n", cpu);
322 		return nerrs;
323 	}
324 
325 	unsigned cpu_sys, cpu_vdso, cpu_vsys, node_sys, node_vdso, node_vsys;
326 	unsigned node = 0;
327 	bool have_node = false;
328 	ret_sys = sys_getcpu(&cpu_sys, &node_sys, 0);
329 	if (vdso_getcpu)
330 		ret_vdso = vdso_getcpu(&cpu_vdso, &node_vdso, 0);
331 	if (vsyscall_map_x)
332 		ret_vsys = vgetcpu(&cpu_vsys, &node_vsys, 0);
333 
334 	if (ret_sys == 0) {
335 		if (cpu_sys != cpu) {
336 			printf("[FAIL]\tsyscall reported CPU %hu but should be %d\n", cpu_sys, cpu);
337 			nerrs++;
338 		}
339 
340 		have_node = true;
341 		node = node_sys;
342 	}
343 
344 	if (vdso_getcpu) {
345 		if (ret_vdso) {
346 			printf("[FAIL]\tvDSO getcpu() failed\n");
347 			nerrs++;
348 		} else {
349 			if (!have_node) {
350 				have_node = true;
351 				node = node_vdso;
352 			}
353 
354 			if (cpu_vdso != cpu) {
355 				printf("[FAIL]\tvDSO reported CPU %hu but should be %d\n", cpu_vdso, cpu);
356 				nerrs++;
357 			} else {
358 				printf("[OK]\tvDSO reported correct CPU\n");
359 			}
360 
361 			if (node_vdso != node) {
362 				printf("[FAIL]\tvDSO reported node %hu but should be %hu\n", node_vdso, node);
363 				nerrs++;
364 			} else {
365 				printf("[OK]\tvDSO reported correct node\n");
366 			}
367 		}
368 	}
369 
370 	if (vsyscall_map_x) {
371 		if (ret_vsys) {
372 			printf("[FAIL]\tvsyscall getcpu() failed\n");
373 			nerrs++;
374 		} else {
375 			if (!have_node) {
376 				have_node = true;
377 				node = node_vsys;
378 			}
379 
380 			if (cpu_vsys != cpu) {
381 				printf("[FAIL]\tvsyscall reported CPU %hu but should be %d\n", cpu_vsys, cpu);
382 				nerrs++;
383 			} else {
384 				printf("[OK]\tvsyscall reported correct CPU\n");
385 			}
386 
387 			if (node_vsys != node) {
388 				printf("[FAIL]\tvsyscall reported node %hu but should be %hu\n", node_vsys, node);
389 				nerrs++;
390 			} else {
391 				printf("[OK]\tvsyscall reported correct node\n");
392 			}
393 		}
394 	}
395 
396 	return nerrs;
397 }
398 
399 static int test_vsys_r(void)
400 {
401 #ifdef __x86_64__
402 	printf("[RUN]\tChecking read access to the vsyscall page\n");
403 	bool can_read;
404 	if (sigsetjmp(jmpbuf, 1) == 0) {
405 		*(volatile int *)0xffffffffff600000;
406 		can_read = true;
407 	} else {
408 		can_read = false;
409 	}
410 
411 	if (can_read && !vsyscall_map_r) {
412 		printf("[FAIL]\tWe have read access, but we shouldn't\n");
413 		return 1;
414 	} else if (!can_read && vsyscall_map_r) {
415 		printf("[FAIL]\tWe don't have read access, but we should\n");
416 		return 1;
417 	} else if (can_read) {
418 		printf("[OK]\tWe have read access\n");
419 	} else {
420 		printf("[OK]\tWe do not have read access: #PF(0x%lx)\n",
421 		       segv_err);
422 	}
423 #endif
424 
425 	return 0;
426 }
427 
428 static int test_vsys_x(void)
429 {
430 #ifdef __x86_64__
431 	if (vsyscall_map_x) {
432 		/* We already tested this adequately. */
433 		return 0;
434 	}
435 
436 	printf("[RUN]\tMake sure that vsyscalls really page fault\n");
437 
438 	bool can_exec;
439 	if (sigsetjmp(jmpbuf, 1) == 0) {
440 		vgtod(NULL, NULL);
441 		can_exec = true;
442 	} else {
443 		can_exec = false;
444 	}
445 
446 	if (can_exec) {
447 		printf("[FAIL]\tExecuting the vsyscall did not page fault\n");
448 		return 1;
449 	} else if (segv_err & (1 << 4)) { /* INSTR */
450 		printf("[OK]\tExecuting the vsyscall page failed: #PF(0x%lx)\n",
451 		       segv_err);
452 	} else {
453 		printf("[FAIL]\tExecution failed with the wrong error: #PF(0x%lx)\n",
454 		       segv_err);
455 		return 1;
456 	}
457 #endif
458 
459 	return 0;
460 }
461 
462 /*
463  * Debuggers expect ptrace() to be able to peek at the vsyscall page.
464  * Use process_vm_readv() as a proxy for ptrace() to test this.  We
465  * want it to work in the vsyscall=emulate case and to fail in the
466  * vsyscall=xonly case.
467  *
468  * It's worth noting that this ABI is a bit nutty.  write(2) can't
469  * read from the vsyscall page on any kernel version or mode.  The
470  * fact that ptrace() ever worked was a nice courtesy of old kernels,
471  * but the code to support it is fairly gross.
472  */
473 static int test_process_vm_readv(void)
474 {
475 #ifdef __x86_64__
476 	char buf[4096];
477 	struct iovec local, remote;
478 	int ret;
479 
480 	printf("[RUN]\tprocess_vm_readv() from vsyscall page\n");
481 
482 	local.iov_base = buf;
483 	local.iov_len = 4096;
484 	remote.iov_base = (void *)0xffffffffff600000;
485 	remote.iov_len = 4096;
486 	ret = process_vm_readv(getpid(), &local, 1, &remote, 1, 0);
487 	if (ret != 4096) {
488 		/*
489 		 * We expect process_vm_readv() to work if and only if the
490 		 * vsyscall page is readable.
491 		 */
492 		printf("[%s]\tprocess_vm_readv() failed (ret = %d, errno = %d)\n", vsyscall_map_r ? "FAIL" : "OK", ret, errno);
493 		return vsyscall_map_r ? 1 : 0;
494 	}
495 
496 	if (vsyscall_map_r) {
497 		if (!memcmp(buf, remote.iov_base, sizeof(buf))) {
498 			printf("[OK]\tIt worked and read correct data\n");
499 		} else {
500 			printf("[FAIL]\tIt worked but returned incorrect data\n");
501 			return 1;
502 		}
503 	} else {
504 		printf("[FAIL]\tprocess_rm_readv() succeeded, but it should have failed in this configuration\n");
505 		return 1;
506 	}
507 #endif
508 
509 	return 0;
510 }
511 
512 #ifdef __x86_64__
513 static volatile sig_atomic_t num_vsyscall_traps;
514 
515 static void sigtrap(int sig, siginfo_t *info, void *ctx_void)
516 {
517 	ucontext_t *ctx = (ucontext_t *)ctx_void;
518 	unsigned long ip = ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_RIP];
519 
520 	if (((ip ^ 0xffffffffff600000UL) & ~0xfffUL) == 0)
521 		num_vsyscall_traps++;
522 }
523 
524 static int test_emulation(void)
525 {
526 	time_t tmp;
527 	bool is_native;
528 
529 	if (!vsyscall_map_x)
530 		return 0;
531 
532 	printf("[RUN]\tchecking that vsyscalls are emulated\n");
533 	sethandler(SIGTRAP, sigtrap, 0);
534 	set_eflags(get_eflags() | X86_EFLAGS_TF);
535 	vtime(&tmp);
536 	set_eflags(get_eflags() & ~X86_EFLAGS_TF);
537 
538 	/*
539 	 * If vsyscalls are emulated, we expect a single trap in the
540 	 * vsyscall page -- the call instruction will trap with RIP
541 	 * pointing to the entry point before emulation takes over.
542 	 * In native mode, we expect two traps, since whatever code
543 	 * the vsyscall page contains will be more than just a ret
544 	 * instruction.
545 	 */
546 	is_native = (num_vsyscall_traps > 1);
547 
548 	printf("[%s]\tvsyscalls are %s (%d instructions in vsyscall page)\n",
549 	       (is_native ? "FAIL" : "OK"),
550 	       (is_native ? "native" : "emulated"),
551 	       (int)num_vsyscall_traps);
552 
553 	return is_native;
554 }
555 #endif
556 
557 int main(int argc, char **argv)
558 {
559 	int nerrs = 0;
560 
561 	init_vdso();
562 	nerrs += init_vsys();
563 
564 	nerrs += test_gtod();
565 	nerrs += test_time();
566 	nerrs += test_getcpu(0);
567 	nerrs += test_getcpu(1);
568 
569 	sethandler(SIGSEGV, sigsegv, 0);
570 	nerrs += test_vsys_r();
571 	nerrs += test_vsys_x();
572 
573 	nerrs += test_process_vm_readv();
574 
575 #ifdef __x86_64__
576 	nerrs += test_emulation();
577 #endif
578 
579 	return nerrs ? 1 : 0;
580 }
581