1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * KSM functional tests
4  *
5  * Copyright 2022, Red Hat, Inc.
6  *
7  * Author(s): David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
8  */
9 #define _GNU_SOURCE
10 #include <stdlib.h>
11 #include <string.h>
12 #include <stdbool.h>
13 #include <stdint.h>
14 #include <unistd.h>
15 #include <errno.h>
16 #include <fcntl.h>
17 #include <sys/mman.h>
18 #include <sys/syscall.h>
19 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
20 #include <linux/userfaultfd.h>
21 
22 #include "../kselftest.h"
23 #include "vm_util.h"
24 
25 #define KiB 1024u
26 #define MiB (1024 * KiB)
27 
28 static int ksm_fd;
29 static int ksm_full_scans_fd;
30 static int pagemap_fd;
31 static size_t pagesize;
32 
33 static bool range_maps_duplicates(char *addr, unsigned long size)
34 {
35 	unsigned long offs_a, offs_b, pfn_a, pfn_b;
36 
37 	/*
38 	 * There is no easy way to check if there are KSM pages mapped into
39 	 * this range. We only check that the range does not map the same PFN
40 	 * twice by comparing each pair of mapped pages.
41 	 */
42 	for (offs_a = 0; offs_a < size; offs_a += pagesize) {
43 		pfn_a = pagemap_get_pfn(pagemap_fd, addr + offs_a);
44 		/* Page not present or PFN not exposed by the kernel. */
45 		if (pfn_a == -1ul || !pfn_a)
46 			continue;
47 
48 		for (offs_b = offs_a + pagesize; offs_b < size;
49 		     offs_b += pagesize) {
50 			pfn_b = pagemap_get_pfn(pagemap_fd, addr + offs_b);
51 			if (pfn_b == -1ul || !pfn_b)
52 				continue;
53 			if (pfn_a == pfn_b)
54 				return true;
55 		}
56 	}
57 	return false;
58 }
59 
60 static long ksm_get_full_scans(void)
61 {
62 	char buf[10];
63 	ssize_t ret;
64 
65 	ret = pread(ksm_full_scans_fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, 0);
66 	if (ret <= 0)
67 		return -errno;
68 	buf[ret] = 0;
69 
70 	return strtol(buf, NULL, 10);
71 }
72 
73 static int ksm_merge(void)
74 {
75 	long start_scans, end_scans;
76 
77 	/* Wait for two full scans such that any possible merging happened. */
78 	start_scans = ksm_get_full_scans();
79 	if (start_scans < 0)
80 		return start_scans;
81 	if (write(ksm_fd, "1", 1) != 1)
82 		return -errno;
83 	do {
84 		end_scans = ksm_get_full_scans();
85 		if (end_scans < 0)
86 			return end_scans;
87 	} while (end_scans < start_scans + 2);
88 
89 	return 0;
90 }
91 
92 static char *mmap_and_merge_range(char val, unsigned long size)
93 {
94 	char *map;
95 
96 	map = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
97 		   MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANON, -1, 0);
98 	if (map == MAP_FAILED) {
99 		ksft_test_result_fail("mmap() failed\n");
100 		return MAP_FAILED;
101 	}
102 
103 	/* Don't use THP. Ignore if THP are not around on a kernel. */
104 	if (madvise(map, size, MADV_NOHUGEPAGE) && errno != EINVAL) {
105 		ksft_test_result_fail("MADV_NOHUGEPAGE failed\n");
106 		goto unmap;
107 	}
108 
109 	/* Make sure each page contains the same values to merge them. */
110 	memset(map, val, size);
111 	if (madvise(map, size, MADV_MERGEABLE)) {
112 		ksft_test_result_fail("MADV_MERGEABLE failed\n");
113 		goto unmap;
114 	}
115 
116 	/* Run KSM to trigger merging and wait. */
117 	if (ksm_merge()) {
118 		ksft_test_result_fail("Running KSM failed\n");
119 		goto unmap;
120 	}
121 	return map;
122 unmap:
123 	munmap(map, size);
124 	return MAP_FAILED;
125 }
126 
127 static void test_unmerge(void)
128 {
129 	const unsigned int size = 2 * MiB;
130 	char *map;
131 
132 	ksft_print_msg("[RUN] %s\n", __func__);
133 
134 	map = mmap_and_merge_range(0xcf, size);
135 	if (map == MAP_FAILED)
136 		return;
137 
138 	if (madvise(map, size, MADV_UNMERGEABLE)) {
139 		ksft_test_result_fail("MADV_UNMERGEABLE failed\n");
140 		goto unmap;
141 	}
142 
143 	ksft_test_result(!range_maps_duplicates(map, size),
144 			 "Pages were unmerged\n");
145 unmap:
146 	munmap(map, size);
147 }
148 
149 static void test_unmerge_discarded(void)
150 {
151 	const unsigned int size = 2 * MiB;
152 	char *map;
153 
154 	ksft_print_msg("[RUN] %s\n", __func__);
155 
156 	map = mmap_and_merge_range(0xcf, size);
157 	if (map == MAP_FAILED)
158 		return;
159 
160 	/* Discard half of all mapped pages so we have pte_none() entries. */
161 	if (madvise(map, size / 2, MADV_DONTNEED)) {
162 		ksft_test_result_fail("MADV_DONTNEED failed\n");
163 		goto unmap;
164 	}
165 
166 	if (madvise(map, size, MADV_UNMERGEABLE)) {
167 		ksft_test_result_fail("MADV_UNMERGEABLE failed\n");
168 		goto unmap;
169 	}
170 
171 	ksft_test_result(!range_maps_duplicates(map, size),
172 			 "Pages were unmerged\n");
173 unmap:
174 	munmap(map, size);
175 }
176 
177 #ifdef __NR_userfaultfd
178 static void test_unmerge_uffd_wp(void)
179 {
180 	struct uffdio_writeprotect uffd_writeprotect;
181 	struct uffdio_register uffdio_register;
182 	const unsigned int size = 2 * MiB;
183 	struct uffdio_api uffdio_api;
184 	char *map;
185 	int uffd;
186 
187 	ksft_print_msg("[RUN] %s\n", __func__);
188 
189 	map = mmap_and_merge_range(0xcf, size);
190 	if (map == MAP_FAILED)
191 		return;
192 
193 	/* See if UFFD is around. */
194 	uffd = syscall(__NR_userfaultfd, O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);
195 	if (uffd < 0) {
196 		ksft_test_result_skip("__NR_userfaultfd failed\n");
197 		goto unmap;
198 	}
199 
200 	/* See if UFFD-WP is around. */
201 	uffdio_api.api = UFFD_API;
202 	uffdio_api.features = UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP;
203 	if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_API, &uffdio_api) < 0) {
204 		ksft_test_result_fail("UFFDIO_API failed\n");
205 		goto close_uffd;
206 	}
207 	if (!(uffdio_api.features & UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP)) {
208 		ksft_test_result_skip("UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP not available\n");
209 		goto close_uffd;
210 	}
211 
212 	/* Register UFFD-WP, no need for an actual handler. */
213 	uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) map;
214 	uffdio_register.range.len = size;
215 	uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP;
216 	if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register) < 0) {
217 		ksft_test_result_fail("UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP failed\n");
218 		goto close_uffd;
219 	}
220 
221 	/* Write-protect the range using UFFD-WP. */
222 	uffd_writeprotect.range.start = (unsigned long) map;
223 	uffd_writeprotect.range.len = size;
224 	uffd_writeprotect.mode = UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP;
225 	if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT, &uffd_writeprotect)) {
226 		ksft_test_result_fail("UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT failed\n");
227 		goto close_uffd;
228 	}
229 
230 	if (madvise(map, size, MADV_UNMERGEABLE)) {
231 		ksft_test_result_fail("MADV_UNMERGEABLE failed\n");
232 		goto close_uffd;
233 	}
234 
235 	ksft_test_result(!range_maps_duplicates(map, size),
236 			 "Pages were unmerged\n");
237 close_uffd:
238 	close(uffd);
239 unmap:
240 	munmap(map, size);
241 }
242 #endif
243 
244 int main(int argc, char **argv)
245 {
246 	unsigned int tests = 2;
247 	int err;
248 
249 #ifdef __NR_userfaultfd
250 	tests++;
251 #endif
252 
253 	ksft_print_header();
254 	ksft_set_plan(tests);
255 
256 	pagesize = getpagesize();
257 
258 	ksm_fd = open("/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run", O_RDWR);
259 	if (ksm_fd < 0)
260 		ksft_exit_skip("open(\"/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run\") failed\n");
261 	ksm_full_scans_fd = open("/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/full_scans", O_RDONLY);
262 	if (ksm_full_scans_fd < 0)
263 		ksft_exit_skip("open(\"/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/full_scans\") failed\n");
264 	pagemap_fd = open("/proc/self/pagemap", O_RDONLY);
265 	if (pagemap_fd < 0)
266 		ksft_exit_skip("open(\"/proc/self/pagemap\") failed\n");
267 
268 	test_unmerge();
269 	test_unmerge_discarded();
270 #ifdef __NR_userfaultfd
271 	test_unmerge_uffd_wp();
272 #endif
273 
274 	err = ksft_get_fail_cnt();
275 	if (err)
276 		ksft_exit_fail_msg("%d out of %d tests failed\n",
277 				   err, ksft_test_num());
278 	return ksft_exit_pass();
279 }
280