1 /*
2  * memfd GUP test-case
3  * This tests memfd interactions with get_user_pages(). We require the
4  * fuse_mnt.c program to provide a fake direct-IO FUSE mount-point for us. This
5  * file-system delays _all_ reads by 1s and forces direct-IO. This means, any
6  * read() on files in that file-system will pin the receive-buffer pages for at
7  * least 1s via get_user_pages().
8  *
9  * We use this trick to race ADD_SEALS against a write on a memfd object. The
10  * ADD_SEALS must fail if the memfd pages are still pinned. Note that we use
11  * the read() syscall with our memory-mapped memfd object as receive buffer to
12  * force the kernel to write into our memfd object.
13  */
14 
15 #define _GNU_SOURCE
16 #define __EXPORTED_HEADERS__
17 
18 #include <errno.h>
19 #include <inttypes.h>
20 #include <limits.h>
21 #include <linux/falloc.h>
22 #include <linux/fcntl.h>
23 #include <linux/memfd.h>
24 #include <sched.h>
25 #include <stdio.h>
26 #include <stdlib.h>
27 #include <signal.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 #include <sys/mman.h>
30 #include <sys/stat.h>
31 #include <sys/syscall.h>
32 #include <sys/wait.h>
33 #include <unistd.h>
34 
35 #define MFD_DEF_SIZE 8192
36 #define STACK_SIZE 65535
37 
38 static int sys_memfd_create(const char *name,
39 			    unsigned int flags)
40 {
41 	return syscall(__NR_memfd_create, name, flags);
42 }
43 
44 static int mfd_assert_new(const char *name, loff_t sz, unsigned int flags)
45 {
46 	int r, fd;
47 
48 	fd = sys_memfd_create(name, flags);
49 	if (fd < 0) {
50 		printf("memfd_create(\"%s\", %u) failed: %m\n",
51 		       name, flags);
52 		abort();
53 	}
54 
55 	r = ftruncate(fd, sz);
56 	if (r < 0) {
57 		printf("ftruncate(%llu) failed: %m\n", (unsigned long long)sz);
58 		abort();
59 	}
60 
61 	return fd;
62 }
63 
64 static __u64 mfd_assert_get_seals(int fd)
65 {
66 	long r;
67 
68 	r = fcntl(fd, F_GET_SEALS);
69 	if (r < 0) {
70 		printf("GET_SEALS(%d) failed: %m\n", fd);
71 		abort();
72 	}
73 
74 	return r;
75 }
76 
77 static void mfd_assert_has_seals(int fd, __u64 seals)
78 {
79 	__u64 s;
80 
81 	s = mfd_assert_get_seals(fd);
82 	if (s != seals) {
83 		printf("%llu != %llu = GET_SEALS(%d)\n",
84 		       (unsigned long long)seals, (unsigned long long)s, fd);
85 		abort();
86 	}
87 }
88 
89 static void mfd_assert_add_seals(int fd, __u64 seals)
90 {
91 	long r;
92 	__u64 s;
93 
94 	s = mfd_assert_get_seals(fd);
95 	r = fcntl(fd, F_ADD_SEALS, seals);
96 	if (r < 0) {
97 		printf("ADD_SEALS(%d, %llu -> %llu) failed: %m\n",
98 		       fd, (unsigned long long)s, (unsigned long long)seals);
99 		abort();
100 	}
101 }
102 
103 static int mfd_busy_add_seals(int fd, __u64 seals)
104 {
105 	long r;
106 	__u64 s;
107 
108 	r = fcntl(fd, F_GET_SEALS);
109 	if (r < 0)
110 		s = 0;
111 	else
112 		s = r;
113 
114 	r = fcntl(fd, F_ADD_SEALS, seals);
115 	if (r < 0 && errno != EBUSY) {
116 		printf("ADD_SEALS(%d, %llu -> %llu) didn't fail as expected with EBUSY: %m\n",
117 		       fd, (unsigned long long)s, (unsigned long long)seals);
118 		abort();
119 	}
120 
121 	return r;
122 }
123 
124 static void *mfd_assert_mmap_shared(int fd)
125 {
126 	void *p;
127 
128 	p = mmap(NULL,
129 		 MFD_DEF_SIZE,
130 		 PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
131 		 MAP_SHARED,
132 		 fd,
133 		 0);
134 	if (p == MAP_FAILED) {
135 		printf("mmap() failed: %m\n");
136 		abort();
137 	}
138 
139 	return p;
140 }
141 
142 static void *mfd_assert_mmap_private(int fd)
143 {
144 	void *p;
145 
146 	p = mmap(NULL,
147 		 MFD_DEF_SIZE,
148 		 PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
149 		 MAP_PRIVATE,
150 		 fd,
151 		 0);
152 	if (p == MAP_FAILED) {
153 		printf("mmap() failed: %m\n");
154 		abort();
155 	}
156 
157 	return p;
158 }
159 
160 static int global_mfd = -1;
161 static void *global_p = NULL;
162 
163 static int sealing_thread_fn(void *arg)
164 {
165 	int sig, r;
166 
167 	/*
168 	 * This thread first waits 200ms so any pending operation in the parent
169 	 * is correctly started. After that, it tries to seal @global_mfd as
170 	 * SEAL_WRITE. This _must_ fail as the parent thread has a read() into
171 	 * that memory mapped object still ongoing.
172 	 * We then wait one more second and try sealing again. This time it
173 	 * must succeed as there shouldn't be anyone else pinning the pages.
174 	 */
175 
176 	/* wait 200ms for FUSE-request to be active */
177 	usleep(200000);
178 
179 	/* unmount mapping before sealing to avoid i_mmap_writable failures */
180 	munmap(global_p, MFD_DEF_SIZE);
181 
182 	/* Try sealing the global file; expect EBUSY or success. Current
183 	 * kernels will never succeed, but in the future, kernels might
184 	 * implement page-replacements or other fancy ways to avoid racing
185 	 * writes. */
186 	r = mfd_busy_add_seals(global_mfd, F_SEAL_WRITE);
187 	if (r >= 0) {
188 		printf("HURRAY! This kernel fixed GUP races!\n");
189 	} else {
190 		/* wait 1s more so the FUSE-request is done */
191 		sleep(1);
192 
193 		/* try sealing the global file again */
194 		mfd_assert_add_seals(global_mfd, F_SEAL_WRITE);
195 	}
196 
197 	return 0;
198 }
199 
200 static pid_t spawn_sealing_thread(void)
201 {
202 	uint8_t *stack;
203 	pid_t pid;
204 
205 	stack = malloc(STACK_SIZE);
206 	if (!stack) {
207 		printf("malloc(STACK_SIZE) failed: %m\n");
208 		abort();
209 	}
210 
211 	pid = clone(sealing_thread_fn,
212 		    stack + STACK_SIZE,
213 		    SIGCHLD | CLONE_FILES | CLONE_FS | CLONE_VM,
214 		    NULL);
215 	if (pid < 0) {
216 		printf("clone() failed: %m\n");
217 		abort();
218 	}
219 
220 	return pid;
221 }
222 
223 static void join_sealing_thread(pid_t pid)
224 {
225 	waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
226 }
227 
228 int main(int argc, char **argv)
229 {
230 	static const char zero[MFD_DEF_SIZE];
231 	int fd, mfd, r;
232 	void *p;
233 	int was_sealed;
234 	pid_t pid;
235 
236 	if (argc < 2) {
237 		printf("error: please pass path to file in fuse_mnt mount-point\n");
238 		abort();
239 	}
240 
241 	/* open FUSE memfd file for GUP testing */
242 	printf("opening: %s\n", argv[1]);
243 	fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
244 	if (fd < 0) {
245 		printf("cannot open(\"%s\"): %m\n", argv[1]);
246 		abort();
247 	}
248 
249 	/* create new memfd-object */
250 	mfd = mfd_assert_new("kern_memfd_fuse",
251 			     MFD_DEF_SIZE,
252 			     MFD_CLOEXEC | MFD_ALLOW_SEALING);
253 
254 	/* mmap memfd-object for writing */
255 	p = mfd_assert_mmap_shared(mfd);
256 
257 	/* pass mfd+mapping to a separate sealing-thread which tries to seal
258 	 * the memfd objects with SEAL_WRITE while we write into it */
259 	global_mfd = mfd;
260 	global_p = p;
261 	pid = spawn_sealing_thread();
262 
263 	/* Use read() on the FUSE file to read into our memory-mapped memfd
264 	 * object. This races the other thread which tries to seal the
265 	 * memfd-object.
266 	 * If @fd is on the memfd-fake-FUSE-FS, the read() is delayed by 1s.
267 	 * This guarantees that the receive-buffer is pinned for 1s until the
268 	 * data is written into it. The racing ADD_SEALS should thus fail as
269 	 * the pages are still pinned. */
270 	r = read(fd, p, MFD_DEF_SIZE);
271 	if (r < 0) {
272 		printf("read() failed: %m\n");
273 		abort();
274 	} else if (!r) {
275 		printf("unexpected EOF on read()\n");
276 		abort();
277 	}
278 
279 	was_sealed = mfd_assert_get_seals(mfd) & F_SEAL_WRITE;
280 
281 	/* Wait for sealing-thread to finish and verify that it
282 	 * successfully sealed the file after the second try. */
283 	join_sealing_thread(pid);
284 	mfd_assert_has_seals(mfd, F_SEAL_WRITE);
285 
286 	/* *IF* the memfd-object was sealed at the time our read() returned,
287 	 * then the kernel did a page-replacement or canceled the read() (or
288 	 * whatever magic it did..). In that case, the memfd object is still
289 	 * all zero.
290 	 * In case the memfd-object was *not* sealed, the read() was successfull
291 	 * and the memfd object must *not* be all zero.
292 	 * Note that in real scenarios, there might be a mixture of both, but
293 	 * in this test-cases, we have explicit 200ms delays which should be
294 	 * enough to avoid any in-flight writes. */
295 
296 	p = mfd_assert_mmap_private(mfd);
297 	if (was_sealed && memcmp(p, zero, MFD_DEF_SIZE)) {
298 		printf("memfd sealed during read() but data not discarded\n");
299 		abort();
300 	} else if (!was_sealed && !memcmp(p, zero, MFD_DEF_SIZE)) {
301 		printf("memfd sealed after read() but data discarded\n");
302 		abort();
303 	}
304 
305 	close(mfd);
306 	close(fd);
307 
308 	printf("fuse: DONE\n");
309 
310 	return 0;
311 }
312