1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Landlock tests - Filesystem
4  *
5  * Copyright © 2017-2020 Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
6  * Copyright © 2020 ANSSI
7  * Copyright © 2020-2022 Microsoft Corporation
8  */
9 
10 #define _GNU_SOURCE
11 #include <fcntl.h>
12 #include <linux/landlock.h>
13 #include <linux/magic.h>
14 #include <sched.h>
15 #include <stdio.h>
16 #include <string.h>
17 #include <sys/capability.h>
18 #include <sys/mount.h>
19 #include <sys/prctl.h>
20 #include <sys/sendfile.h>
21 #include <sys/stat.h>
22 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
23 #include <sys/vfs.h>
24 #include <unistd.h>
25 
26 #include "common.h"
27 
28 #ifndef renameat2
29 int renameat2(int olddirfd, const char *oldpath, int newdirfd,
30 	      const char *newpath, unsigned int flags)
31 {
32 	return syscall(__NR_renameat2, olddirfd, oldpath, newdirfd, newpath,
33 		       flags);
34 }
35 #endif
36 
37 #ifndef RENAME_EXCHANGE
38 #define RENAME_EXCHANGE (1 << 1)
39 #endif
40 
41 #define TMP_DIR "tmp"
42 #define BINARY_PATH "./true"
43 
44 /* Paths (sibling number and depth) */
45 static const char dir_s1d1[] = TMP_DIR "/s1d1";
46 static const char file1_s1d1[] = TMP_DIR "/s1d1/f1";
47 static const char file2_s1d1[] = TMP_DIR "/s1d1/f2";
48 static const char dir_s1d2[] = TMP_DIR "/s1d1/s1d2";
49 static const char file1_s1d2[] = TMP_DIR "/s1d1/s1d2/f1";
50 static const char file2_s1d2[] = TMP_DIR "/s1d1/s1d2/f2";
51 static const char dir_s1d3[] = TMP_DIR "/s1d1/s1d2/s1d3";
52 static const char file1_s1d3[] = TMP_DIR "/s1d1/s1d2/s1d3/f1";
53 static const char file2_s1d3[] = TMP_DIR "/s1d1/s1d2/s1d3/f2";
54 
55 static const char dir_s2d1[] = TMP_DIR "/s2d1";
56 static const char file1_s2d1[] = TMP_DIR "/s2d1/f1";
57 static const char dir_s2d2[] = TMP_DIR "/s2d1/s2d2";
58 static const char file1_s2d2[] = TMP_DIR "/s2d1/s2d2/f1";
59 static const char dir_s2d3[] = TMP_DIR "/s2d1/s2d2/s2d3";
60 static const char file1_s2d3[] = TMP_DIR "/s2d1/s2d2/s2d3/f1";
61 static const char file2_s2d3[] = TMP_DIR "/s2d1/s2d2/s2d3/f2";
62 
63 static const char dir_s3d1[] = TMP_DIR "/s3d1";
64 static const char file1_s3d1[] = TMP_DIR "/s3d1/f1";
65 /* dir_s3d2 is a mount point. */
66 static const char dir_s3d2[] = TMP_DIR "/s3d1/s3d2";
67 static const char dir_s3d3[] = TMP_DIR "/s3d1/s3d2/s3d3";
68 
69 /*
70  * layout1 hierarchy:
71  *
72  * tmp
73  * ├── s1d1
74  * │   ├── f1
75  * │   ├── f2
76  * │   └── s1d2
77  * │       ├── f1
78  * │       ├── f2
79  * │       └── s1d3
80  * │           ├── f1
81  * │           └── f2
82  * ├── s2d1
83  * │   ├── f1
84  * │   └── s2d2
85  * │       ├── f1
86  * │       └── s2d3
87  * │           ├── f1
88  * │           └── f2
89  * └── s3d1
90  *     ├── f1
91  *     └── s3d2
92  *         └── s3d3
93  */
94 
95 static bool fgrep(FILE *const inf, const char *const str)
96 {
97 	char line[32];
98 	const int slen = strlen(str);
99 
100 	while (!feof(inf)) {
101 		if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), inf))
102 			break;
103 		if (strncmp(line, str, slen))
104 			continue;
105 
106 		return true;
107 	}
108 
109 	return false;
110 }
111 
112 static bool supports_filesystem(const char *const filesystem)
113 {
114 	char str[32];
115 	int len;
116 	bool res = true;
117 	FILE *const inf = fopen("/proc/filesystems", "r");
118 
119 	/*
120 	 * Consider that the filesystem is supported if we cannot get the
121 	 * supported ones.
122 	 */
123 	if (!inf)
124 		return true;
125 
126 	/* filesystem can be null for bind mounts. */
127 	if (!filesystem)
128 		goto out;
129 
130 	len = snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "nodev\t%s\n", filesystem);
131 	if (len >= sizeof(str))
132 		/* Ignores too-long filesystem names. */
133 		goto out;
134 
135 	res = fgrep(inf, str);
136 
137 out:
138 	fclose(inf);
139 	return res;
140 }
141 
142 static bool cwd_matches_fs(unsigned int fs_magic)
143 {
144 	struct statfs statfs_buf;
145 
146 	if (!fs_magic)
147 		return true;
148 
149 	if (statfs(".", &statfs_buf))
150 		return true;
151 
152 	return statfs_buf.f_type == fs_magic;
153 }
154 
155 static void mkdir_parents(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
156 			  const char *const path)
157 {
158 	char *walker;
159 	const char *parent;
160 	int i, err;
161 
162 	ASSERT_NE(path[0], '\0');
163 	walker = strdup(path);
164 	ASSERT_NE(NULL, walker);
165 	parent = walker;
166 	for (i = 1; walker[i]; i++) {
167 		if (walker[i] != '/')
168 			continue;
169 		walker[i] = '\0';
170 		err = mkdir(parent, 0700);
171 		ASSERT_FALSE(err && errno != EEXIST)
172 		{
173 			TH_LOG("Failed to create directory \"%s\": %s", parent,
174 			       strerror(errno));
175 		}
176 		walker[i] = '/';
177 	}
178 	free(walker);
179 }
180 
181 static void create_directory(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
182 			     const char *const path)
183 {
184 	mkdir_parents(_metadata, path);
185 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(path, 0700))
186 	{
187 		TH_LOG("Failed to create directory \"%s\": %s", path,
188 		       strerror(errno));
189 	}
190 }
191 
192 static void create_file(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
193 			const char *const path)
194 {
195 	mkdir_parents(_metadata, path);
196 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mknod(path, S_IFREG | 0700, 0))
197 	{
198 		TH_LOG("Failed to create file \"%s\": %s", path,
199 		       strerror(errno));
200 	}
201 }
202 
203 static int remove_path(const char *const path)
204 {
205 	char *walker;
206 	int i, ret, err = 0;
207 
208 	walker = strdup(path);
209 	if (!walker) {
210 		err = ENOMEM;
211 		goto out;
212 	}
213 	if (unlink(path) && rmdir(path)) {
214 		if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
215 			err = errno;
216 		goto out;
217 	}
218 	for (i = strlen(walker); i > 0; i--) {
219 		if (walker[i] != '/')
220 			continue;
221 		walker[i] = '\0';
222 		ret = rmdir(walker);
223 		if (ret) {
224 			if (errno != ENOTEMPTY && errno != EBUSY)
225 				err = errno;
226 			goto out;
227 		}
228 		if (strcmp(walker, TMP_DIR) == 0)
229 			goto out;
230 	}
231 
232 out:
233 	free(walker);
234 	return err;
235 }
236 
237 struct mnt_opt {
238 	const char *const source;
239 	const char *const type;
240 	const unsigned long flags;
241 	const char *const data;
242 };
243 
244 const struct mnt_opt mnt_tmp = {
245 	.type = "tmpfs",
246 	.data = "size=4m,mode=700",
247 };
248 
249 static int mount_opt(const struct mnt_opt *const mnt, const char *const target)
250 {
251 	return mount(mnt->source ?: mnt->type, target, mnt->type, mnt->flags,
252 		     mnt->data);
253 }
254 
255 static void prepare_layout_opt(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
256 			       const struct mnt_opt *const mnt)
257 {
258 	disable_caps(_metadata);
259 	umask(0077);
260 	create_directory(_metadata, TMP_DIR);
261 
262 	/*
263 	 * Do not pollute the rest of the system: creates a private mount point
264 	 * for tests relying on pivot_root(2) and move_mount(2).
265 	 */
266 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
267 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unshare(CLONE_NEWNS | CLONE_NEWCGROUP));
268 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mount_opt(mnt, TMP_DIR))
269 	{
270 		TH_LOG("Failed to mount the %s filesystem: %s", mnt->type,
271 		       strerror(errno));
272 		/*
273 		 * FIXTURE_TEARDOWN() is not called when FIXTURE_SETUP()
274 		 * failed, so we need to explicitly do a minimal cleanup to
275 		 * avoid cascading errors with other tests that don't depend on
276 		 * the same filesystem.
277 		 */
278 		remove_path(TMP_DIR);
279 	}
280 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mount(NULL, TMP_DIR, NULL, MS_PRIVATE | MS_REC, NULL));
281 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
282 }
283 
284 static void prepare_layout(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata)
285 {
286 	prepare_layout_opt(_metadata, &mnt_tmp);
287 }
288 
289 static void cleanup_layout(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata)
290 {
291 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
292 	EXPECT_EQ(0, umount(TMP_DIR));
293 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
294 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(TMP_DIR));
295 }
296 
297 /* clang-format off */
298 FIXTURE(layout0) {};
299 /* clang-format on */
300 
301 FIXTURE_SETUP(layout0)
302 {
303 	prepare_layout(_metadata);
304 }
305 
306 FIXTURE_TEARDOWN(layout0)
307 {
308 	cleanup_layout(_metadata);
309 }
310 
311 static void create_layout1(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata)
312 {
313 	create_file(_metadata, file1_s1d1);
314 	create_file(_metadata, file1_s1d2);
315 	create_file(_metadata, file1_s1d3);
316 	create_file(_metadata, file2_s1d1);
317 	create_file(_metadata, file2_s1d2);
318 	create_file(_metadata, file2_s1d3);
319 
320 	create_file(_metadata, file1_s2d1);
321 	create_file(_metadata, file1_s2d2);
322 	create_file(_metadata, file1_s2d3);
323 	create_file(_metadata, file2_s2d3);
324 
325 	create_file(_metadata, file1_s3d1);
326 	create_directory(_metadata, dir_s3d2);
327 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
328 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mount_opt(&mnt_tmp, dir_s3d2));
329 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
330 
331 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(dir_s3d3, 0700));
332 }
333 
334 static void remove_layout1(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata)
335 {
336 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file2_s1d3));
337 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file2_s1d2));
338 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file2_s1d1));
339 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file1_s1d3));
340 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file1_s1d2));
341 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file1_s1d1));
342 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(dir_s1d3));
343 
344 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file2_s2d3));
345 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file1_s2d3));
346 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file1_s2d2));
347 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file1_s2d1));
348 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(dir_s2d2));
349 
350 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file1_s3d1));
351 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(dir_s3d3));
352 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
353 	umount(dir_s3d2);
354 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
355 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(dir_s3d2));
356 }
357 
358 /* clang-format off */
359 FIXTURE(layout1) {};
360 /* clang-format on */
361 
362 FIXTURE_SETUP(layout1)
363 {
364 	prepare_layout(_metadata);
365 
366 	create_layout1(_metadata);
367 }
368 
369 FIXTURE_TEARDOWN(layout1)
370 {
371 	remove_layout1(_metadata);
372 
373 	cleanup_layout(_metadata);
374 }
375 
376 /*
377  * This helper enables to use the ASSERT_* macros and print the line number
378  * pointing to the test caller.
379  */
380 static int test_open_rel(const int dirfd, const char *const path,
381 			 const int flags)
382 {
383 	int fd;
384 
385 	/* Works with file and directories. */
386 	fd = openat(dirfd, path, flags | O_CLOEXEC);
387 	if (fd < 0)
388 		return errno;
389 	/*
390 	 * Mixing error codes from close(2) and open(2) should not lead to any
391 	 * (access type) confusion for this test.
392 	 */
393 	if (close(fd) != 0)
394 		return errno;
395 	return 0;
396 }
397 
398 static int test_open(const char *const path, const int flags)
399 {
400 	return test_open_rel(AT_FDCWD, path, flags);
401 }
402 
403 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, no_restriction)
404 {
405 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
406 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
407 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file2_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
408 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
409 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
410 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file2_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
411 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
412 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
413 
414 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s2d1, O_RDONLY));
415 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s2d1, O_RDONLY));
416 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s2d2, O_RDONLY));
417 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s2d2, O_RDONLY));
418 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s2d3, O_RDONLY));
419 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s2d3, O_RDONLY));
420 
421 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s3d1, O_RDONLY));
422 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s3d2, O_RDONLY));
423 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s3d3, O_RDONLY));
424 }
425 
426 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, inval)
427 {
428 	struct landlock_path_beneath_attr path_beneath = {
429 		.allowed_access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
430 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
431 		.parent_fd = -1,
432 	};
433 	struct landlock_ruleset_attr ruleset_attr = {
434 		.handled_access_fs = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
435 				     LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
436 	};
437 	int ruleset_fd;
438 
439 	path_beneath.parent_fd =
440 		open(dir_s1d2, O_PATH | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
441 	ASSERT_LE(0, path_beneath.parent_fd);
442 
443 	ruleset_fd = open(dir_s1d1, O_PATH | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
444 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
445 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
446 					&path_beneath, 0));
447 	/* Returns EBADF because ruleset_fd is not a landlock-ruleset FD. */
448 	ASSERT_EQ(EBADF, errno);
449 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
450 
451 	ruleset_fd = open(dir_s1d1, O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
452 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
453 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
454 					&path_beneath, 0));
455 	/* Returns EBADFD because ruleset_fd is not a valid ruleset. */
456 	ASSERT_EQ(EBADFD, errno);
457 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
458 
459 	/* Gets a real ruleset. */
460 	ruleset_fd =
461 		landlock_create_ruleset(&ruleset_attr, sizeof(ruleset_attr), 0);
462 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
463 	ASSERT_EQ(0, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
464 				       &path_beneath, 0));
465 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(path_beneath.parent_fd));
466 
467 	/* Tests without O_PATH. */
468 	path_beneath.parent_fd = open(dir_s1d2, O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
469 	ASSERT_LE(0, path_beneath.parent_fd);
470 	ASSERT_EQ(0, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
471 				       &path_beneath, 0));
472 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(path_beneath.parent_fd));
473 
474 	/* Tests with a ruleset FD. */
475 	path_beneath.parent_fd = ruleset_fd;
476 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
477 					&path_beneath, 0));
478 	ASSERT_EQ(EBADFD, errno);
479 
480 	/* Checks unhandled allowed_access. */
481 	path_beneath.parent_fd =
482 		open(dir_s1d2, O_PATH | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
483 	ASSERT_LE(0, path_beneath.parent_fd);
484 
485 	/* Test with legitimate values. */
486 	path_beneath.allowed_access |= LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE;
487 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
488 					&path_beneath, 0));
489 	ASSERT_EQ(EINVAL, errno);
490 	path_beneath.allowed_access &= ~LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE;
491 
492 	/* Tests with denied-by-default access right. */
493 	path_beneath.allowed_access |= LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER;
494 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
495 					&path_beneath, 0));
496 	ASSERT_EQ(EINVAL, errno);
497 	path_beneath.allowed_access &= ~LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER;
498 
499 	/* Test with unknown (64-bits) value. */
500 	path_beneath.allowed_access |= (1ULL << 60);
501 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
502 					&path_beneath, 0));
503 	ASSERT_EQ(EINVAL, errno);
504 	path_beneath.allowed_access &= ~(1ULL << 60);
505 
506 	/* Test with no access. */
507 	path_beneath.allowed_access = 0;
508 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
509 					&path_beneath, 0));
510 	ASSERT_EQ(ENOMSG, errno);
511 	path_beneath.allowed_access &= ~(1ULL << 60);
512 
513 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(path_beneath.parent_fd));
514 
515 	/* Enforces the ruleset. */
516 	ASSERT_EQ(0, prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0));
517 	ASSERT_EQ(0, landlock_restrict_self(ruleset_fd, 0));
518 
519 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
520 }
521 
522 /* clang-format off */
523 
524 #define ACCESS_FILE ( \
525 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE | \
526 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE | \
527 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE | \
528 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE)
529 
530 #define ACCESS_LAST LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE
531 
532 #define ACCESS_ALL ( \
533 	ACCESS_FILE | \
534 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_DIR | \
535 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_DIR | \
536 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE | \
537 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_CHAR | \
538 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_DIR | \
539 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG | \
540 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_SOCK | \
541 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_FIFO | \
542 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_BLOCK | \
543 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_SYM | \
544 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER)
545 
546 /* clang-format on */
547 
548 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, file_and_dir_access_rights)
549 {
550 	__u64 access;
551 	int err;
552 	struct landlock_path_beneath_attr path_beneath_file = {},
553 					  path_beneath_dir = {};
554 	struct landlock_ruleset_attr ruleset_attr = {
555 		.handled_access_fs = ACCESS_ALL,
556 	};
557 	const int ruleset_fd =
558 		landlock_create_ruleset(&ruleset_attr, sizeof(ruleset_attr), 0);
559 
560 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
561 
562 	/* Tests access rights for files. */
563 	path_beneath_file.parent_fd = open(file1_s1d2, O_PATH | O_CLOEXEC);
564 	ASSERT_LE(0, path_beneath_file.parent_fd);
565 
566 	/* Tests access rights for directories. */
567 	path_beneath_dir.parent_fd =
568 		open(dir_s1d2, O_PATH | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
569 	ASSERT_LE(0, path_beneath_dir.parent_fd);
570 
571 	for (access = 1; access <= ACCESS_LAST; access <<= 1) {
572 		path_beneath_dir.allowed_access = access;
573 		ASSERT_EQ(0, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd,
574 					       LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
575 					       &path_beneath_dir, 0));
576 
577 		path_beneath_file.allowed_access = access;
578 		err = landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
579 					&path_beneath_file, 0);
580 		if (access & ACCESS_FILE) {
581 			ASSERT_EQ(0, err);
582 		} else {
583 			ASSERT_EQ(-1, err);
584 			ASSERT_EQ(EINVAL, errno);
585 		}
586 	}
587 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(path_beneath_file.parent_fd));
588 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(path_beneath_dir.parent_fd));
589 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
590 }
591 
592 TEST_F_FORK(layout0, unknown_access_rights)
593 {
594 	__u64 access_mask;
595 
596 	for (access_mask = 1ULL << 63; access_mask != ACCESS_LAST;
597 	     access_mask >>= 1) {
598 		struct landlock_ruleset_attr ruleset_attr = {
599 			.handled_access_fs = access_mask,
600 		};
601 
602 		ASSERT_EQ(-1, landlock_create_ruleset(&ruleset_attr,
603 						      sizeof(ruleset_attr), 0));
604 		ASSERT_EQ(EINVAL, errno);
605 	}
606 }
607 
608 static void add_path_beneath(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
609 			     const int ruleset_fd, const __u64 allowed_access,
610 			     const char *const path)
611 {
612 	struct landlock_path_beneath_attr path_beneath = {
613 		.allowed_access = allowed_access,
614 	};
615 
616 	path_beneath.parent_fd = open(path, O_PATH | O_CLOEXEC);
617 	ASSERT_LE(0, path_beneath.parent_fd)
618 	{
619 		TH_LOG("Failed to open directory \"%s\": %s", path,
620 		       strerror(errno));
621 	}
622 	ASSERT_EQ(0, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
623 				       &path_beneath, 0))
624 	{
625 		TH_LOG("Failed to update the ruleset with \"%s\": %s", path,
626 		       strerror(errno));
627 	}
628 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(path_beneath.parent_fd));
629 }
630 
631 struct rule {
632 	const char *path;
633 	__u64 access;
634 };
635 
636 /* clang-format off */
637 
638 #define ACCESS_RO ( \
639 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE | \
640 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_DIR)
641 
642 #define ACCESS_RW ( \
643 	ACCESS_RO | \
644 	LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE)
645 
646 /* clang-format on */
647 
648 static int create_ruleset(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
649 			  const __u64 handled_access_fs,
650 			  const struct rule rules[])
651 {
652 	int ruleset_fd, i;
653 	struct landlock_ruleset_attr ruleset_attr = {
654 		.handled_access_fs = handled_access_fs,
655 	};
656 
657 	ASSERT_NE(NULL, rules)
658 	{
659 		TH_LOG("No rule list");
660 	}
661 	ASSERT_NE(NULL, rules[0].path)
662 	{
663 		TH_LOG("Empty rule list");
664 	}
665 
666 	ruleset_fd =
667 		landlock_create_ruleset(&ruleset_attr, sizeof(ruleset_attr), 0);
668 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd)
669 	{
670 		TH_LOG("Failed to create a ruleset: %s", strerror(errno));
671 	}
672 
673 	for (i = 0; rules[i].path; i++) {
674 		add_path_beneath(_metadata, ruleset_fd, rules[i].access,
675 				 rules[i].path);
676 	}
677 	return ruleset_fd;
678 }
679 
680 static void enforce_ruleset(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
681 			    const int ruleset_fd)
682 {
683 	ASSERT_EQ(0, prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0));
684 	ASSERT_EQ(0, landlock_restrict_self(ruleset_fd, 0))
685 	{
686 		TH_LOG("Failed to enforce ruleset: %s", strerror(errno));
687 	}
688 }
689 
690 TEST_F_FORK(layout0, proc_nsfs)
691 {
692 	const struct rule rules[] = {
693 		{
694 			.path = "/dev/null",
695 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
696 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
697 		},
698 		{},
699 	};
700 	struct landlock_path_beneath_attr path_beneath;
701 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(
702 		_metadata, rules[0].access | LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_DIR,
703 		rules);
704 
705 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
706 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open("/proc/self/ns/mnt", O_RDONLY));
707 
708 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
709 
710 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open("/", O_RDONLY));
711 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open("/dev", O_RDONLY));
712 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY));
713 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open("/dev/full", O_RDONLY));
714 
715 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open("/proc", O_RDONLY));
716 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open("/proc/self", O_RDONLY));
717 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open("/proc/self/ns", O_RDONLY));
718 	/*
719 	 * Because nsfs is an internal filesystem, /proc/self/ns/mnt is a
720 	 * disconnected path.  Such path cannot be identified and must then be
721 	 * allowed.
722 	 */
723 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open("/proc/self/ns/mnt", O_RDONLY));
724 
725 	/*
726 	 * Checks that it is not possible to add nsfs-like filesystem
727 	 * references to a ruleset.
728 	 */
729 	path_beneath.allowed_access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
730 				      LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
731 	path_beneath.parent_fd = open("/proc/self/ns/mnt", O_PATH | O_CLOEXEC);
732 	ASSERT_LE(0, path_beneath.parent_fd);
733 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, landlock_add_rule(ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_RULE_PATH_BENEATH,
734 					&path_beneath, 0));
735 	ASSERT_EQ(EBADFD, errno);
736 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(path_beneath.parent_fd));
737 }
738 
739 TEST_F_FORK(layout0, unpriv)
740 {
741 	const struct rule rules[] = {
742 		{
743 			.path = TMP_DIR,
744 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
745 		},
746 		{},
747 	};
748 	int ruleset_fd;
749 
750 	drop_caps(_metadata);
751 
752 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RO, rules);
753 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
754 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, landlock_restrict_self(ruleset_fd, 0));
755 	ASSERT_EQ(EPERM, errno);
756 
757 	/* enforce_ruleset() calls prctl(no_new_privs). */
758 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
759 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
760 }
761 
762 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, effective_access)
763 {
764 	const struct rule rules[] = {
765 		{
766 			.path = dir_s1d2,
767 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
768 		},
769 		{
770 			.path = file1_s2d2,
771 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
772 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
773 		},
774 		{},
775 	};
776 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
777 	char buf;
778 	int reg_fd;
779 
780 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
781 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
782 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
783 
784 	/* Tests on a directory (with or without O_PATH). */
785 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open("/", O_RDONLY));
786 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open("/", O_RDONLY | O_PATH));
787 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
788 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_PATH));
789 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
790 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_PATH));
791 
792 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
793 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
794 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
795 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
796 
797 	/* Tests on a file (with or without O_PATH). */
798 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s2d2, O_RDONLY));
799 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s2d2, O_RDONLY | O_PATH));
800 
801 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s2d2, O_RDONLY));
802 
803 	/* Checks effective read and write actions. */
804 	reg_fd = open(file1_s2d2, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
805 	ASSERT_LE(0, reg_fd);
806 	ASSERT_EQ(1, write(reg_fd, ".", 1));
807 	ASSERT_LE(0, lseek(reg_fd, 0, SEEK_SET));
808 	ASSERT_EQ(1, read(reg_fd, &buf, 1));
809 	ASSERT_EQ('.', buf);
810 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(reg_fd));
811 
812 	/* Just in case, double-checks effective actions. */
813 	reg_fd = open(file1_s2d2, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
814 	ASSERT_LE(0, reg_fd);
815 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, write(reg_fd, &buf, 1));
816 	ASSERT_EQ(EBADF, errno);
817 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(reg_fd));
818 }
819 
820 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, unhandled_access)
821 {
822 	const struct rule rules[] = {
823 		{
824 			.path = dir_s1d2,
825 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
826 		},
827 		{},
828 	};
829 	/* Here, we only handle read accesses, not write accesses. */
830 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RO, rules);
831 
832 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
833 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
834 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
835 
836 	/*
837 	 * Because the policy does not handle LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
838 	 * opening for write-only should be allowed, but not read-write.
839 	 */
840 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
841 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDWR));
842 
843 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
844 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDWR));
845 }
846 
847 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, ruleset_overlap)
848 {
849 	const struct rule rules[] = {
850 		/* These rules should be ORed among them. */
851 		{
852 			.path = dir_s1d2,
853 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
854 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
855 		},
856 		{
857 			.path = dir_s1d2,
858 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
859 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_DIR,
860 		},
861 		{},
862 	};
863 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
864 
865 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
866 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
867 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
868 
869 	/* Checks s1d1 hierarchy. */
870 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
871 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
872 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDWR));
873 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
874 
875 	/* Checks s1d2 hierarchy. */
876 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
877 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
878 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDWR));
879 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
880 
881 	/* Checks s1d3 hierarchy. */
882 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
883 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
884 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDWR));
885 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
886 }
887 
888 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, layer_rule_unions)
889 {
890 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
891 		{
892 			.path = dir_s1d2,
893 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
894 		},
895 		/* dir_s1d3 should allow READ_FILE and WRITE_FILE (O_RDWR). */
896 		{
897 			.path = dir_s1d3,
898 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
899 		},
900 		{},
901 	};
902 	const struct rule layer2[] = {
903 		/* Doesn't change anything from layer1. */
904 		{
905 			.path = dir_s1d2,
906 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
907 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
908 		},
909 		{},
910 	};
911 	const struct rule layer3[] = {
912 		/* Only allows write (but not read) to dir_s1d3. */
913 		{
914 			.path = dir_s1d2,
915 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
916 		},
917 		{},
918 	};
919 	int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer1);
920 
921 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
922 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
923 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
924 
925 	/* Checks s1d1 hierarchy with layer1. */
926 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
927 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
928 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDWR));
929 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
930 
931 	/* Checks s1d2 hierarchy with layer1. */
932 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
933 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
934 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDWR));
935 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
936 
937 	/* Checks s1d3 hierarchy with layer1. */
938 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
939 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
940 	/* dir_s1d3 should allow READ_FILE and WRITE_FILE (O_RDWR). */
941 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDWR));
942 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
943 
944 	/* Doesn't change anything from layer1. */
945 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer2);
946 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
947 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
948 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
949 
950 	/* Checks s1d1 hierarchy with layer2. */
951 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
952 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
953 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDWR));
954 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
955 
956 	/* Checks s1d2 hierarchy with layer2. */
957 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
958 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
959 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDWR));
960 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
961 
962 	/* Checks s1d3 hierarchy with layer2. */
963 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
964 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
965 	/* dir_s1d3 should allow READ_FILE and WRITE_FILE (O_RDWR). */
966 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDWR));
967 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
968 
969 	/* Only allows write (but not read) to dir_s1d3. */
970 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer3);
971 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
972 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
973 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
974 
975 	/* Checks s1d1 hierarchy with layer3. */
976 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
977 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
978 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDWR));
979 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
980 
981 	/* Checks s1d2 hierarchy with layer3. */
982 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
983 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
984 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDWR));
985 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
986 
987 	/* Checks s1d3 hierarchy with layer3. */
988 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
989 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
990 	/* dir_s1d3 should now deny READ_FILE and WRITE_FILE (O_RDWR). */
991 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDWR));
992 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
993 }
994 
995 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, non_overlapping_accesses)
996 {
997 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
998 		{
999 			.path = dir_s1d2,
1000 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG,
1001 		},
1002 		{},
1003 	};
1004 	const struct rule layer2[] = {
1005 		{
1006 			.path = dir_s1d3,
1007 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE,
1008 		},
1009 		{},
1010 	};
1011 	int ruleset_fd;
1012 
1013 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d1));
1014 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
1015 
1016 	ruleset_fd =
1017 		create_ruleset(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG, layer1);
1018 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1019 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1020 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1021 
1022 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, mknod(file1_s1d1, S_IFREG | 0700, 0));
1023 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
1024 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mknod(file1_s1d2, S_IFREG | 0700, 0));
1025 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
1026 
1027 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE,
1028 				    layer2);
1029 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1030 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1031 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1032 
1033 	/* Unchanged accesses for file creation. */
1034 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, mknod(file1_s1d1, S_IFREG | 0700, 0));
1035 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
1036 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mknod(file1_s1d2, S_IFREG | 0700, 0));
1037 
1038 	/* Checks file removing. */
1039 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, unlink(file1_s1d2));
1040 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
1041 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
1042 }
1043 
1044 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, interleaved_masked_accesses)
1045 {
1046 	/*
1047 	 * Checks overly restrictive rules:
1048 	 * layer 1: allows R   s1d1/s1d2/s1d3/file1
1049 	 * layer 2: allows RW  s1d1/s1d2/s1d3
1050 	 *          allows  W  s1d1/s1d2
1051 	 *          denies R   s1d1/s1d2
1052 	 * layer 3: allows R   s1d1
1053 	 * layer 4: allows R   s1d1/s1d2
1054 	 *          denies  W  s1d1/s1d2
1055 	 * layer 5: allows R   s1d1/s1d2
1056 	 * layer 6: allows   X ----
1057 	 * layer 7: allows  W  s1d1/s1d2
1058 	 *          denies R   s1d1/s1d2
1059 	 */
1060 	const struct rule layer1_read[] = {
1061 		/* Allows read access to file1_s1d3 with the first layer. */
1062 		{
1063 			.path = file1_s1d3,
1064 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
1065 		},
1066 		{},
1067 	};
1068 	/* First rule with write restrictions. */
1069 	const struct rule layer2_read_write[] = {
1070 		/* Start by granting read-write access via its parent directory... */
1071 		{
1072 			.path = dir_s1d3,
1073 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
1074 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
1075 		},
1076 		/* ...but also denies read access via its grandparent directory. */
1077 		{
1078 			.path = dir_s1d2,
1079 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
1080 		},
1081 		{},
1082 	};
1083 	const struct rule layer3_read[] = {
1084 		/* Allows read access via its great-grandparent directory. */
1085 		{
1086 			.path = dir_s1d1,
1087 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
1088 		},
1089 		{},
1090 	};
1091 	const struct rule layer4_read_write[] = {
1092 		/*
1093 		 * Try to confuse the deny access by denying write (but not
1094 		 * read) access via its grandparent directory.
1095 		 */
1096 		{
1097 			.path = dir_s1d2,
1098 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
1099 		},
1100 		{},
1101 	};
1102 	const struct rule layer5_read[] = {
1103 		/*
1104 		 * Try to override layer2's deny read access by explicitly
1105 		 * allowing read access via file1_s1d3's grandparent.
1106 		 */
1107 		{
1108 			.path = dir_s1d2,
1109 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
1110 		},
1111 		{},
1112 	};
1113 	const struct rule layer6_execute[] = {
1114 		/*
1115 		 * Restricts an unrelated file hierarchy with a new access
1116 		 * (non-overlapping) type.
1117 		 */
1118 		{
1119 			.path = dir_s2d1,
1120 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE,
1121 		},
1122 		{},
1123 	};
1124 	const struct rule layer7_read_write[] = {
1125 		/*
1126 		 * Finally, denies read access to file1_s1d3 via its
1127 		 * grandparent.
1128 		 */
1129 		{
1130 			.path = dir_s1d2,
1131 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
1132 		},
1133 		{},
1134 	};
1135 	int ruleset_fd;
1136 
1137 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
1138 				    layer1_read);
1139 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1140 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1141 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1142 
1143 	/* Checks that read access is granted for file1_s1d3 with layer 1. */
1144 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDWR));
1145 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1146 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1147 
1148 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata,
1149 				    LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
1150 					    LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
1151 				    layer2_read_write);
1152 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1153 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1154 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1155 
1156 	/* Checks that previous access rights are unchanged with layer 2. */
1157 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDWR));
1158 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1159 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1160 
1161 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
1162 				    layer3_read);
1163 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1164 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1165 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1166 
1167 	/* Checks that previous access rights are unchanged with layer 3. */
1168 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDWR));
1169 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1170 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1171 
1172 	/* This time, denies write access for the file hierarchy. */
1173 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata,
1174 				    LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
1175 					    LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
1176 				    layer4_read_write);
1177 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1178 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1179 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1180 
1181 	/*
1182 	 * Checks that the only change with layer 4 is that write access is
1183 	 * denied.
1184 	 */
1185 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1186 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1187 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1188 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1189 
1190 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
1191 				    layer5_read);
1192 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1193 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1194 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1195 
1196 	/* Checks that previous access rights are unchanged with layer 5. */
1197 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1198 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1199 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1200 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1201 
1202 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE,
1203 				    layer6_execute);
1204 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1205 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1206 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1207 
1208 	/* Checks that previous access rights are unchanged with layer 6. */
1209 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1210 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1211 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1212 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1213 
1214 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata,
1215 				    LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
1216 					    LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
1217 				    layer7_read_write);
1218 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1219 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1220 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1221 
1222 	/* Checks read access is now denied with layer 7. */
1223 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1224 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1225 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1226 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file2_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1227 }
1228 
1229 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, inherit_subset)
1230 {
1231 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1232 		{
1233 			.path = dir_s1d2,
1234 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
1235 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_DIR,
1236 		},
1237 		{},
1238 	};
1239 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1240 
1241 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1242 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1243 
1244 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
1245 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1246 
1247 	/* Write access is forbidden. */
1248 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
1249 	/* Readdir access is allowed. */
1250 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1251 
1252 	/* Write access is forbidden. */
1253 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1254 	/* Readdir access is allowed. */
1255 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1256 
1257 	/*
1258 	 * Tests shared rule extension: the following rules should not grant
1259 	 * any new access, only remove some.  Once enforced, these rules are
1260 	 * ANDed with the previous ones.
1261 	 */
1262 	add_path_beneath(_metadata, ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
1263 			 dir_s1d2);
1264 	/*
1265 	 * According to ruleset_fd, dir_s1d2 should now have the
1266 	 * LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE and LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE
1267 	 * access rights (even if this directory is opened a second time).
1268 	 * However, when enforcing this updated ruleset, the ruleset tied to
1269 	 * the current process (i.e. its domain) will still only have the
1270 	 * dir_s1d2 with LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE and
1271 	 * LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_DIR accesses, but
1272 	 * LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE must not be allowed because it would
1273 	 * be a privilege escalation.
1274 	 */
1275 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1276 
1277 	/* Same tests and results as above. */
1278 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
1279 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1280 
1281 	/* It is still forbidden to write in file1_s1d2. */
1282 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
1283 	/* Readdir access is still allowed. */
1284 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1285 
1286 	/* It is still forbidden to write in file1_s1d3. */
1287 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1288 	/* Readdir access is still allowed. */
1289 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1290 
1291 	/*
1292 	 * Try to get more privileges by adding new access rights to the parent
1293 	 * directory: dir_s1d1.
1294 	 */
1295 	add_path_beneath(_metadata, ruleset_fd, ACCESS_RW, dir_s1d1);
1296 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1297 
1298 	/* Same tests and results as above. */
1299 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
1300 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1301 
1302 	/* It is still forbidden to write in file1_s1d2. */
1303 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
1304 	/* Readdir access is still allowed. */
1305 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1306 
1307 	/* It is still forbidden to write in file1_s1d3. */
1308 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1309 	/* Readdir access is still allowed. */
1310 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1311 
1312 	/*
1313 	 * Now, dir_s1d3 get a new rule tied to it, only allowing
1314 	 * LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE.  The (kernel internal) difference is
1315 	 * that there was no rule tied to it before.
1316 	 */
1317 	add_path_beneath(_metadata, ruleset_fd, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
1318 			 dir_s1d3);
1319 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1320 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1321 
1322 	/*
1323 	 * Same tests and results as above, except for open(dir_s1d3) which is
1324 	 * now denied because the new rule mask the rule previously inherited
1325 	 * from dir_s1d2.
1326 	 */
1327 
1328 	/* Same tests and results as above. */
1329 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
1330 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1331 
1332 	/* It is still forbidden to write in file1_s1d2. */
1333 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
1334 	/* Readdir access is still allowed. */
1335 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1336 
1337 	/* It is still forbidden to write in file1_s1d3. */
1338 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
1339 	/*
1340 	 * Readdir of dir_s1d3 is still allowed because of the OR policy inside
1341 	 * the same layer.
1342 	 */
1343 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1344 }
1345 
1346 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, inherit_superset)
1347 {
1348 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1349 		{
1350 			.path = dir_s1d3,
1351 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1352 		},
1353 		{},
1354 	};
1355 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1356 
1357 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1358 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1359 
1360 	/* Readdir access is denied for dir_s1d2. */
1361 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1362 	/* Readdir access is allowed for dir_s1d3. */
1363 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1364 	/* File access is allowed for file1_s1d3. */
1365 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1366 
1367 	/* Now dir_s1d2, parent of dir_s1d3, gets a new rule tied to it. */
1368 	add_path_beneath(_metadata, ruleset_fd,
1369 			 LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
1370 				 LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_DIR,
1371 			 dir_s1d2);
1372 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1373 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1374 
1375 	/* Readdir access is still denied for dir_s1d2. */
1376 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1377 	/* Readdir access is still allowed for dir_s1d3. */
1378 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
1379 	/* File access is still allowed for file1_s1d3. */
1380 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1381 }
1382 
1383 TEST_F_FORK(layout0, max_layers)
1384 {
1385 	int i, err;
1386 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1387 		{
1388 			.path = TMP_DIR,
1389 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1390 		},
1391 		{},
1392 	};
1393 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1394 
1395 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1396 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
1397 		enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1398 
1399 	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
1400 		err = landlock_restrict_self(ruleset_fd, 0);
1401 		ASSERT_EQ(-1, err);
1402 		ASSERT_EQ(E2BIG, errno);
1403 	}
1404 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1405 }
1406 
1407 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, empty_or_same_ruleset)
1408 {
1409 	struct landlock_ruleset_attr ruleset_attr = {};
1410 	int ruleset_fd;
1411 
1412 	/* Tests empty handled_access_fs. */
1413 	ruleset_fd =
1414 		landlock_create_ruleset(&ruleset_attr, sizeof(ruleset_attr), 0);
1415 	ASSERT_LE(-1, ruleset_fd);
1416 	ASSERT_EQ(ENOMSG, errno);
1417 
1418 	/* Enforces policy which deny read access to all files. */
1419 	ruleset_attr.handled_access_fs = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE;
1420 	ruleset_fd =
1421 		landlock_create_ruleset(&ruleset_attr, sizeof(ruleset_attr), 0);
1422 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1423 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1424 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1425 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1426 
1427 	/* Nests a policy which deny read access to all directories. */
1428 	ruleset_attr.handled_access_fs = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_DIR;
1429 	ruleset_fd =
1430 		landlock_create_ruleset(&ruleset_attr, sizeof(ruleset_attr), 0);
1431 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1432 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1433 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1434 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1435 
1436 	/* Enforces a second time with the same ruleset. */
1437 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1438 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1439 }
1440 
1441 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, rule_on_mountpoint)
1442 {
1443 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1444 		{
1445 			.path = dir_s1d1,
1446 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1447 		},
1448 		{
1449 			/* dir_s3d2 is a mount point. */
1450 			.path = dir_s3d2,
1451 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1452 		},
1453 		{},
1454 	};
1455 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1456 
1457 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1458 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1459 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1460 
1461 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1462 
1463 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s2d1, O_RDONLY));
1464 
1465 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s3d1, O_RDONLY));
1466 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s3d2, O_RDONLY));
1467 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s3d3, O_RDONLY));
1468 }
1469 
1470 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, rule_over_mountpoint)
1471 {
1472 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1473 		{
1474 			.path = dir_s1d1,
1475 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1476 		},
1477 		{
1478 			/* dir_s3d2 is a mount point. */
1479 			.path = dir_s3d1,
1480 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1481 		},
1482 		{},
1483 	};
1484 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1485 
1486 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1487 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1488 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1489 
1490 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1491 
1492 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s2d1, O_RDONLY));
1493 
1494 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s3d1, O_RDONLY));
1495 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s3d2, O_RDONLY));
1496 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s3d3, O_RDONLY));
1497 }
1498 
1499 /*
1500  * This test verifies that we can apply a landlock rule on the root directory
1501  * (which might require special handling).
1502  */
1503 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, rule_over_root_allow_then_deny)
1504 {
1505 	struct rule rules[] = {
1506 		{
1507 			.path = "/",
1508 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1509 		},
1510 		{},
1511 	};
1512 	int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1513 
1514 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1515 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1516 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1517 
1518 	/* Checks allowed access. */
1519 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open("/", O_RDONLY));
1520 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1521 
1522 	rules[0].access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE;
1523 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1524 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1525 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1526 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1527 
1528 	/* Checks denied access (on a directory). */
1529 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open("/", O_RDONLY));
1530 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1531 }
1532 
1533 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, rule_over_root_deny)
1534 {
1535 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1536 		{
1537 			.path = "/",
1538 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
1539 		},
1540 		{},
1541 	};
1542 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1543 
1544 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1545 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1546 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1547 
1548 	/* Checks denied access (on a directory). */
1549 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open("/", O_RDONLY));
1550 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1551 }
1552 
1553 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, rule_inside_mount_ns)
1554 {
1555 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1556 		{
1557 			.path = "s3d3",
1558 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1559 		},
1560 		{},
1561 	};
1562 	int ruleset_fd;
1563 
1564 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
1565 	ASSERT_EQ(0, syscall(__NR_pivot_root, dir_s3d2, dir_s3d3))
1566 	{
1567 		TH_LOG("Failed to pivot root: %s", strerror(errno));
1568 	};
1569 	ASSERT_EQ(0, chdir("/"));
1570 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
1571 
1572 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1573 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1574 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1575 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1576 
1577 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open("s3d3", O_RDONLY));
1578 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open("/", O_RDONLY));
1579 }
1580 
1581 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, mount_and_pivot)
1582 {
1583 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1584 		{
1585 			.path = dir_s3d2,
1586 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1587 		},
1588 		{},
1589 	};
1590 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1591 
1592 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1593 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1594 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1595 
1596 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
1597 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, mount(NULL, dir_s3d2, NULL, MS_RDONLY, NULL));
1598 	ASSERT_EQ(EPERM, errno);
1599 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, syscall(__NR_pivot_root, dir_s3d2, dir_s3d3));
1600 	ASSERT_EQ(EPERM, errno);
1601 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
1602 }
1603 
1604 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, move_mount)
1605 {
1606 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1607 		{
1608 			.path = dir_s3d2,
1609 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1610 		},
1611 		{},
1612 	};
1613 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1614 
1615 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1616 
1617 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
1618 	ASSERT_EQ(0, syscall(__NR_move_mount, AT_FDCWD, dir_s3d2, AT_FDCWD,
1619 			     dir_s1d2, 0))
1620 	{
1621 		TH_LOG("Failed to move mount: %s", strerror(errno));
1622 	}
1623 
1624 	ASSERT_EQ(0, syscall(__NR_move_mount, AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d2, AT_FDCWD,
1625 			     dir_s3d2, 0));
1626 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
1627 
1628 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1629 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1630 
1631 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
1632 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, syscall(__NR_move_mount, AT_FDCWD, dir_s3d2, AT_FDCWD,
1633 			      dir_s1d2, 0));
1634 	ASSERT_EQ(EPERM, errno);
1635 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
1636 }
1637 
1638 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, release_inodes)
1639 {
1640 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1641 		{
1642 			.path = dir_s1d1,
1643 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1644 		},
1645 		{
1646 			.path = dir_s3d2,
1647 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1648 		},
1649 		{
1650 			.path = dir_s3d3,
1651 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1652 		},
1653 		{},
1654 	};
1655 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, rules);
1656 
1657 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1658 	/* Unmount a file hierarchy while it is being used by a ruleset. */
1659 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
1660 	ASSERT_EQ(0, umount(dir_s3d2));
1661 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
1662 
1663 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1664 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1665 
1666 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1667 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s3d2, O_RDONLY));
1668 	/* This dir_s3d3 would not be allowed and does not exist anyway. */
1669 	ASSERT_EQ(ENOENT, test_open(dir_s3d3, O_RDONLY));
1670 }
1671 
1672 enum relative_access {
1673 	REL_OPEN,
1674 	REL_CHDIR,
1675 	REL_CHROOT_ONLY,
1676 	REL_CHROOT_CHDIR,
1677 };
1678 
1679 static void test_relative_path(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
1680 			       const enum relative_access rel)
1681 {
1682 	/*
1683 	 * Common layer to check that chroot doesn't ignore it (i.e. a chroot
1684 	 * is not a disconnected root directory).
1685 	 */
1686 	const struct rule layer1_base[] = {
1687 		{
1688 			.path = TMP_DIR,
1689 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1690 		},
1691 		{},
1692 	};
1693 	const struct rule layer2_subs[] = {
1694 		{
1695 			.path = dir_s1d2,
1696 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1697 		},
1698 		{
1699 			.path = dir_s2d2,
1700 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
1701 		},
1702 		{},
1703 	};
1704 	int dirfd, ruleset_fd;
1705 
1706 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer1_base);
1707 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1708 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1709 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1710 
1711 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer2_subs);
1712 
1713 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1714 	switch (rel) {
1715 	case REL_OPEN:
1716 	case REL_CHDIR:
1717 		break;
1718 	case REL_CHROOT_ONLY:
1719 		ASSERT_EQ(0, chdir(dir_s2d2));
1720 		break;
1721 	case REL_CHROOT_CHDIR:
1722 		ASSERT_EQ(0, chdir(dir_s1d2));
1723 		break;
1724 	default:
1725 		ASSERT_TRUE(false);
1726 		return;
1727 	}
1728 
1729 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_CHROOT);
1730 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1731 
1732 	switch (rel) {
1733 	case REL_OPEN:
1734 		dirfd = open(dir_s1d2, O_DIRECTORY);
1735 		ASSERT_LE(0, dirfd);
1736 		break;
1737 	case REL_CHDIR:
1738 		ASSERT_EQ(0, chdir(dir_s1d2));
1739 		dirfd = AT_FDCWD;
1740 		break;
1741 	case REL_CHROOT_ONLY:
1742 		/* Do chroot into dir_s1d2 (relative to dir_s2d2). */
1743 		ASSERT_EQ(0, chroot("../../s1d1/s1d2"))
1744 		{
1745 			TH_LOG("Failed to chroot: %s", strerror(errno));
1746 		}
1747 		dirfd = AT_FDCWD;
1748 		break;
1749 	case REL_CHROOT_CHDIR:
1750 		/* Do chroot into dir_s1d2. */
1751 		ASSERT_EQ(0, chroot("."))
1752 		{
1753 			TH_LOG("Failed to chroot: %s", strerror(errno));
1754 		}
1755 		dirfd = AT_FDCWD;
1756 		break;
1757 	}
1758 
1759 	ASSERT_EQ((rel == REL_CHROOT_CHDIR) ? 0 : EACCES,
1760 		  test_open_rel(dirfd, "..", O_RDONLY));
1761 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, ".", O_RDONLY));
1762 
1763 	if (rel == REL_CHROOT_ONLY) {
1764 		/* The current directory is dir_s2d2. */
1765 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, "./s2d3", O_RDONLY));
1766 	} else {
1767 		/* The current directory is dir_s1d2. */
1768 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, "./s1d3", O_RDONLY));
1769 	}
1770 
1771 	if (rel == REL_CHROOT_ONLY || rel == REL_CHROOT_CHDIR) {
1772 		/* Checks the root dir_s1d2. */
1773 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, "/..", O_RDONLY));
1774 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, "/", O_RDONLY));
1775 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, "/f1", O_RDONLY));
1776 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, "/s1d3", O_RDONLY));
1777 	}
1778 
1779 	if (rel != REL_CHROOT_CHDIR) {
1780 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open_rel(dirfd, "../../s1d1", O_RDONLY));
1781 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, "../../s1d1/s1d2", O_RDONLY));
1782 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, "../../s1d1/s1d2/s1d3",
1783 					   O_RDONLY));
1784 
1785 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open_rel(dirfd, "../../s2d1", O_RDONLY));
1786 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, "../../s2d1/s2d2", O_RDONLY));
1787 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open_rel(dirfd, "../../s2d1/s2d2/s2d3",
1788 					   O_RDONLY));
1789 	}
1790 
1791 	if (rel == REL_OPEN)
1792 		ASSERT_EQ(0, close(dirfd));
1793 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1794 }
1795 
1796 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, relative_open)
1797 {
1798 	test_relative_path(_metadata, REL_OPEN);
1799 }
1800 
1801 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, relative_chdir)
1802 {
1803 	test_relative_path(_metadata, REL_CHDIR);
1804 }
1805 
1806 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, relative_chroot_only)
1807 {
1808 	test_relative_path(_metadata, REL_CHROOT_ONLY);
1809 }
1810 
1811 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, relative_chroot_chdir)
1812 {
1813 	test_relative_path(_metadata, REL_CHROOT_CHDIR);
1814 }
1815 
1816 static void copy_binary(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
1817 			const char *const dst_path)
1818 {
1819 	int dst_fd, src_fd;
1820 	struct stat statbuf;
1821 
1822 	dst_fd = open(dst_path, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC);
1823 	ASSERT_LE(0, dst_fd)
1824 	{
1825 		TH_LOG("Failed to open \"%s\": %s", dst_path, strerror(errno));
1826 	}
1827 	src_fd = open(BINARY_PATH, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
1828 	ASSERT_LE(0, src_fd)
1829 	{
1830 		TH_LOG("Failed to open \"" BINARY_PATH "\": %s",
1831 		       strerror(errno));
1832 	}
1833 	ASSERT_EQ(0, fstat(src_fd, &statbuf));
1834 	ASSERT_EQ(statbuf.st_size,
1835 		  sendfile(dst_fd, src_fd, 0, statbuf.st_size));
1836 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(src_fd));
1837 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(dst_fd));
1838 }
1839 
1840 static void test_execute(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata, const int err,
1841 			 const char *const path)
1842 {
1843 	int status;
1844 	char *const argv[] = { (char *)path, NULL };
1845 	const pid_t child = fork();
1846 
1847 	ASSERT_LE(0, child);
1848 	if (child == 0) {
1849 		ASSERT_EQ(err ? -1 : 0, execve(path, argv, NULL))
1850 		{
1851 			TH_LOG("Failed to execute \"%s\": %s", path,
1852 			       strerror(errno));
1853 		};
1854 		ASSERT_EQ(err, errno);
1855 		_exit(_metadata->passed ? 2 : 1);
1856 		return;
1857 	}
1858 	ASSERT_EQ(child, waitpid(child, &status, 0));
1859 	ASSERT_EQ(1, WIFEXITED(status));
1860 	ASSERT_EQ(err ? 2 : 0, WEXITSTATUS(status))
1861 	{
1862 		TH_LOG("Unexpected return code for \"%s\": %s", path,
1863 		       strerror(errno));
1864 	};
1865 }
1866 
1867 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, execute)
1868 {
1869 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1870 		{
1871 			.path = dir_s1d2,
1872 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE,
1873 		},
1874 		{},
1875 	};
1876 	const int ruleset_fd =
1877 		create_ruleset(_metadata, rules[0].access, rules);
1878 
1879 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1880 	copy_binary(_metadata, file1_s1d1);
1881 	copy_binary(_metadata, file1_s1d2);
1882 	copy_binary(_metadata, file1_s1d3);
1883 
1884 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1885 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1886 
1887 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1888 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
1889 	test_execute(_metadata, EACCES, file1_s1d1);
1890 
1891 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
1892 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
1893 	test_execute(_metadata, 0, file1_s1d2);
1894 
1895 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1896 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
1897 	test_execute(_metadata, 0, file1_s1d3);
1898 }
1899 
1900 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, link)
1901 {
1902 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
1903 		{
1904 			.path = dir_s1d2,
1905 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG,
1906 		},
1907 		{},
1908 	};
1909 	const struct rule layer2[] = {
1910 		{
1911 			.path = dir_s1d3,
1912 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE,
1913 		},
1914 		{},
1915 	};
1916 	int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, layer1[0].access, layer1);
1917 
1918 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1919 
1920 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d1));
1921 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
1922 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
1923 
1924 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1925 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1926 
1927 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file2_s1d1, file1_s1d1));
1928 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
1929 
1930 	/* Denies linking because of reparenting. */
1931 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file1_s2d1, file1_s1d2));
1932 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
1933 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file2_s1d2, file1_s1d3));
1934 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
1935 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file2_s1d3, file1_s1d2));
1936 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
1937 
1938 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file2_s1d2, file1_s1d2));
1939 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file2_s1d3, file1_s1d3));
1940 
1941 	/* Prepares for next unlinks. */
1942 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d2));
1943 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d3));
1944 
1945 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, layer2[0].access, layer2);
1946 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1947 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1948 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1949 
1950 	/* Checks that linkind doesn't require the ability to delete a file. */
1951 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file1_s1d2, file2_s1d2));
1952 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file1_s1d3, file2_s1d3));
1953 }
1954 
1955 static int test_rename(const char *const oldpath, const char *const newpath)
1956 {
1957 	if (rename(oldpath, newpath))
1958 		return errno;
1959 	return 0;
1960 }
1961 
1962 static int test_exchange(const char *const oldpath, const char *const newpath)
1963 {
1964 	if (renameat2(AT_FDCWD, oldpath, AT_FDCWD, newpath, RENAME_EXCHANGE))
1965 		return errno;
1966 	return 0;
1967 }
1968 
1969 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, rename_file)
1970 {
1971 	const struct rule rules[] = {
1972 		{
1973 			.path = dir_s1d3,
1974 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE,
1975 		},
1976 		{
1977 			.path = dir_s2d2,
1978 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE,
1979 		},
1980 		{},
1981 	};
1982 	const int ruleset_fd =
1983 		create_ruleset(_metadata, rules[0].access, rules);
1984 
1985 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
1986 
1987 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
1988 
1989 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
1990 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
1991 
1992 	/*
1993 	 * Tries to replace a file, from a directory that allows file removal,
1994 	 * but to a different directory (which also allows file removal).
1995 	 */
1996 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d3, file1_s1d3));
1997 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
1998 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d3,
1999 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2000 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2001 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3,
2002 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2003 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2004 
2005 	/*
2006 	 * Tries to replace a file, from a directory that denies file removal,
2007 	 * to a different directory (which allows file removal).
2008 	 */
2009 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d1, file1_s1d3));
2010 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2011 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d1, AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d3,
2012 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2013 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2014 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d3,
2015 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2016 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2017 
2018 	/* Exchanges files and directories that partially allow removal. */
2019 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d1,
2020 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2021 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2022 	/* Checks that file1_s2d1 cannot be removed (instead of ENOTDIR). */
2023 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s2d2, file1_s2d1));
2024 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2025 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d1, AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d2,
2026 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2027 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2028 	/* Checks that file1_s1d1 cannot be removed (instead of EISDIR). */
2029 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d1, dir_s1d2));
2030 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2031 
2032 	/* Renames files with different parents. */
2033 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d2, file1_s1d2));
2034 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2035 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
2036 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d1, file1_s1d3));
2037 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2038 
2039 	/* Exchanges and renames files with same parent. */
2040 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file2_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d3,
2041 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2042 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file2_s2d3, file1_s2d3));
2043 
2044 	/* Exchanges files and directories with same parent, twice. */
2045 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3,
2046 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2047 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3,
2048 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2049 }
2050 
2051 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, rename_dir)
2052 {
2053 	const struct rule rules[] = {
2054 		{
2055 			.path = dir_s1d2,
2056 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_DIR,
2057 		},
2058 		{
2059 			.path = dir_s2d1,
2060 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_DIR,
2061 		},
2062 		{},
2063 	};
2064 	const int ruleset_fd =
2065 		create_ruleset(_metadata, rules[0].access, rules);
2066 
2067 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2068 
2069 	/* Empties dir_s1d3 to allow renaming. */
2070 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
2071 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d3));
2072 
2073 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2074 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2075 
2076 	/* Exchanges and renames directory to a different parent. */
2077 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3,
2078 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2079 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2080 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s2d3, dir_s1d3));
2081 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2082 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3,
2083 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2084 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2085 
2086 	/*
2087 	 * Exchanges directory to the same parent, which doesn't allow
2088 	 * directory removal.
2089 	 */
2090 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d1, AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d1,
2091 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2092 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2093 	/* Checks that dir_s1d2 cannot be removed (instead of ENOTDIR). */
2094 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d2, file1_s1d1));
2095 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2096 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d1, AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d2,
2097 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2098 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2099 	/* Checks that dir_s1d2 cannot be removed (instead of EISDIR). */
2100 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d1, dir_s1d2));
2101 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2102 
2103 	/*
2104 	 * Exchanges and renames directory to the same parent, which allows
2105 	 * directory removal.
2106 	 */
2107 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d2,
2108 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2109 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(dir_s1d3));
2110 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(dir_s1d3, 0700));
2111 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d2, dir_s1d3));
2112 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rmdir(dir_s1d3));
2113 }
2114 
2115 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, reparent_refer)
2116 {
2117 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
2118 		{
2119 			.path = dir_s1d2,
2120 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
2121 		},
2122 		{
2123 			.path = dir_s2d2,
2124 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
2125 		},
2126 		{},
2127 	};
2128 	int ruleset_fd =
2129 		create_ruleset(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER, layer1);
2130 
2131 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2132 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2133 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2134 
2135 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d2, dir_s2d1));
2136 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2137 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d2, dir_s2d2));
2138 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2139 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d2, dir_s2d3));
2140 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2141 
2142 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d3, dir_s2d1));
2143 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2144 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d3, dir_s2d2));
2145 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2146 	/*
2147 	 * Moving should only be allowed when the source and the destination
2148 	 * parent directory have REFER.
2149 	 */
2150 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d3, dir_s2d3));
2151 	ASSERT_EQ(ENOTEMPTY, errno);
2152 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s2d3));
2153 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s2d3));
2154 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(dir_s1d3, dir_s2d3));
2155 }
2156 
2157 /* Checks renames beneath dir_s1d1. */
2158 static void refer_denied_by_default(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
2159 				    const struct rule layer1[],
2160 				    const int layer1_err,
2161 				    const struct rule layer2[])
2162 {
2163 	int ruleset_fd;
2164 
2165 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
2166 
2167 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, layer1[0].access, layer1);
2168 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2169 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2170 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2171 
2172 	/*
2173 	 * If the first layer handles LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER (according to
2174 	 * layer1_err), then it allows some different-parent renames and links.
2175 	 */
2176 	ASSERT_EQ(layer1_err, test_rename(file1_s1d1, file1_s1d2));
2177 	if (layer1_err == 0)
2178 		ASSERT_EQ(layer1_err, test_rename(file1_s1d2, file1_s1d1));
2179 	ASSERT_EQ(layer1_err, test_exchange(file2_s1d1, file2_s1d2));
2180 	ASSERT_EQ(layer1_err, test_exchange(file2_s1d2, file2_s1d1));
2181 
2182 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, layer2[0].access, layer2);
2183 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2184 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2185 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2186 
2187 	/*
2188 	 * Now, either the first or the second layer does not handle
2189 	 * LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER, which means that any different-parent
2190 	 * renames and links are denied, thus making the layer handling
2191 	 * LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER null and void.
2192 	 */
2193 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, test_rename(file1_s1d1, file1_s1d2));
2194 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, test_exchange(file2_s1d1, file2_s1d2));
2195 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, test_exchange(file2_s1d2, file2_s1d1));
2196 }
2197 
2198 const struct rule layer_dir_s1d1_refer[] = {
2199 	{
2200 		.path = dir_s1d1,
2201 		.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
2202 	},
2203 	{},
2204 };
2205 
2206 const struct rule layer_dir_s1d1_execute[] = {
2207 	{
2208 		/* Matches a parent directory. */
2209 		.path = dir_s1d1,
2210 		.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE,
2211 	},
2212 	{},
2213 };
2214 
2215 const struct rule layer_dir_s2d1_execute[] = {
2216 	{
2217 		/* Does not match a parent directory. */
2218 		.path = dir_s2d1,
2219 		.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE,
2220 	},
2221 	{},
2222 };
2223 
2224 /*
2225  * Tests precedence over renames: denied by default for different parent
2226  * directories, *with* a rule matching a parent directory, but not directly
2227  * denying access (with MAKE_REG nor REMOVE).
2228  */
2229 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, refer_denied_by_default1)
2230 {
2231 	refer_denied_by_default(_metadata, layer_dir_s1d1_refer, 0,
2232 				layer_dir_s1d1_execute);
2233 }
2234 
2235 /*
2236  * Same test but this time turning around the ABI version order: the first
2237  * layer does not handle LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER.
2238  */
2239 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, refer_denied_by_default2)
2240 {
2241 	refer_denied_by_default(_metadata, layer_dir_s1d1_execute, EXDEV,
2242 				layer_dir_s1d1_refer);
2243 }
2244 
2245 /*
2246  * Tests precedence over renames: denied by default for different parent
2247  * directories, *without* a rule matching a parent directory, but not directly
2248  * denying access (with MAKE_REG nor REMOVE).
2249  */
2250 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, refer_denied_by_default3)
2251 {
2252 	refer_denied_by_default(_metadata, layer_dir_s1d1_refer, 0,
2253 				layer_dir_s2d1_execute);
2254 }
2255 
2256 /*
2257  * Same test but this time turning around the ABI version order: the first
2258  * layer does not handle LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER.
2259  */
2260 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, refer_denied_by_default4)
2261 {
2262 	refer_denied_by_default(_metadata, layer_dir_s2d1_execute, EXDEV,
2263 				layer_dir_s1d1_refer);
2264 }
2265 
2266 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, reparent_link)
2267 {
2268 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
2269 		{
2270 			.path = dir_s1d2,
2271 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG,
2272 		},
2273 		{
2274 			.path = dir_s1d3,
2275 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
2276 		},
2277 		{
2278 			.path = dir_s2d2,
2279 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
2280 		},
2281 		{
2282 			.path = dir_s2d3,
2283 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG,
2284 		},
2285 		{},
2286 	};
2287 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(
2288 		_metadata,
2289 		LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG | LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER, layer1);
2290 
2291 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2292 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2293 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2294 
2295 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d1));
2296 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
2297 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
2298 
2299 	/* Denies linking because of missing MAKE_REG. */
2300 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file2_s1d1, file1_s1d1));
2301 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2302 	/* Denies linking because of missing source and destination REFER. */
2303 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file1_s2d1, file1_s1d2));
2304 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2305 	/* Denies linking because of missing source REFER. */
2306 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file1_s2d1, file1_s1d3));
2307 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2308 
2309 	/* Denies linking because of missing MAKE_REG. */
2310 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file1_s2d2, file1_s1d1));
2311 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2312 	/* Denies linking because of missing destination REFER. */
2313 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file1_s2d2, file1_s1d2));
2314 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2315 
2316 	/* Allows linking because of REFER and MAKE_REG. */
2317 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file1_s2d2, file1_s1d3));
2318 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s2d2));
2319 	/* Reverse linking denied because of missing MAKE_REG. */
2320 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file1_s1d3, file1_s2d2));
2321 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2322 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s2d3));
2323 	/* Checks reverse linking. */
2324 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file1_s1d3, file1_s2d3));
2325 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
2326 
2327 	/*
2328 	 * This is OK for a file link, but it should not be allowed for a
2329 	 * directory rename (because of the superset of access rights.
2330 	 */
2331 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file1_s2d3, file1_s1d3));
2332 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
2333 
2334 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file2_s1d2, file1_s1d3));
2335 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2336 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file2_s1d3, file1_s1d2));
2337 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2338 
2339 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file2_s1d2, file1_s1d2));
2340 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file2_s1d3, file1_s1d3));
2341 }
2342 
2343 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, reparent_rename)
2344 {
2345 	/* Same rules as for reparent_link. */
2346 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
2347 		{
2348 			.path = dir_s1d2,
2349 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG,
2350 		},
2351 		{
2352 			.path = dir_s1d3,
2353 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
2354 		},
2355 		{
2356 			.path = dir_s2d2,
2357 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
2358 		},
2359 		{
2360 			.path = dir_s2d3,
2361 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG,
2362 		},
2363 		{},
2364 	};
2365 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(
2366 		_metadata,
2367 		LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG | LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER, layer1);
2368 
2369 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2370 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2371 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2372 
2373 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
2374 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
2375 
2376 	/* Denies renaming because of missing MAKE_REG. */
2377 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file2_s1d1, AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d1,
2378 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2379 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2380 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d1, AT_FDCWD, file2_s1d1,
2381 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2382 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2383 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d1));
2384 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file2_s1d1, file1_s1d1));
2385 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2386 	/* Even denies same file exchange. */
2387 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file2_s1d1, AT_FDCWD, file2_s1d1,
2388 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2389 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2390 
2391 	/* Denies renaming because of missing source and destination REFER. */
2392 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d1, file1_s1d2));
2393 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2394 	/*
2395 	 * Denies renaming because of missing MAKE_REG, source and destination
2396 	 * REFER.
2397 	 */
2398 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d1, AT_FDCWD, file2_s1d1,
2399 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2400 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2401 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file2_s1d1, AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d1,
2402 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2403 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2404 
2405 	/* Denies renaming because of missing source REFER. */
2406 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d1, file1_s1d3));
2407 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2408 	/* Denies renaming because of missing MAKE_REG. */
2409 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d1, AT_FDCWD, file2_s1d3,
2410 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2411 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2412 
2413 	/* Denies renaming because of missing MAKE_REG. */
2414 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d2, file1_s1d1));
2415 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2416 	/* Denies renaming because of missing destination REFER*/
2417 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d2, file1_s1d2));
2418 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2419 
2420 	/* Denies exchange because of one missing MAKE_REG. */
2421 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, file2_s1d3,
2422 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2423 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2424 	/* Allows renaming because of REFER and MAKE_REG. */
2425 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s2d2, file1_s1d3));
2426 
2427 	/* Reverse renaming denied because of missing MAKE_REG. */
2428 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d3, file1_s2d2));
2429 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2430 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s2d3));
2431 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d3, file1_s2d3));
2432 
2433 	/* Tests reverse renaming. */
2434 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s2d3, file1_s1d3));
2435 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file2_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d3,
2436 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2437 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d3, file1_s2d3));
2438 
2439 	/*
2440 	 * This is OK for a file rename, but it should not be allowed for a
2441 	 * directory rename (because of the superset of access rights).
2442 	 */
2443 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s2d3, file1_s1d3));
2444 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d3, file1_s2d3));
2445 
2446 	/*
2447 	 * Tests superset restrictions applied to directories.  Not only the
2448 	 * dir_s2d3's parent (dir_s2d2) should be taken into account but also
2449 	 * access rights tied to dir_s2d3. dir_s2d2 is missing one access right
2450 	 * compared to dir_s1d3/file1_s1d3 (MAKE_REG) but it is provided
2451 	 * directly by the moved dir_s2d3.
2452 	 */
2453 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(dir_s2d3, file1_s1d3));
2454 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d3, dir_s2d3));
2455 	/*
2456 	 * The first rename is allowed but not the exchange because dir_s1d3's
2457 	 * parent (dir_s1d2) doesn't have REFER.
2458 	 */
2459 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3,
2460 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2461 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2462 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d3,
2463 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2464 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2465 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d3, dir_s1d3));
2466 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2467 
2468 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file2_s1d2, file1_s1d3));
2469 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2470 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file2_s1d3, file1_s1d2));
2471 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2472 
2473 	/* Renaming in the same directory is always allowed. */
2474 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file2_s1d2, file1_s1d2));
2475 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file2_s1d3, file1_s1d3));
2476 
2477 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
2478 	/* Denies because of missing source MAKE_REG and destination REFER. */
2479 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s2d3, file1_s1d2));
2480 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2481 
2482 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
2483 	/* Denies because of missing source MAKE_REG and REFER. */
2484 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s2d2, file1_s1d3));
2485 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2486 }
2487 
2488 static void
2489 reparent_exdev_layers_enforce1(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata)
2490 {
2491 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
2492 		{
2493 			.path = dir_s1d2,
2494 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
2495 		},
2496 		{
2497 			/* Interesting for the layer2 tests. */
2498 			.path = dir_s1d3,
2499 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG,
2500 		},
2501 		{
2502 			.path = dir_s2d2,
2503 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
2504 		},
2505 		{
2506 			.path = dir_s2d3,
2507 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG,
2508 		},
2509 		{},
2510 	};
2511 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(
2512 		_metadata,
2513 		LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG | LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER, layer1);
2514 
2515 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2516 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2517 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2518 }
2519 
2520 static void
2521 reparent_exdev_layers_enforce2(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata)
2522 {
2523 	const struct rule layer2[] = {
2524 		{
2525 			.path = dir_s2d3,
2526 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_DIR,
2527 		},
2528 		{},
2529 	};
2530 	/*
2531 	 * Same checks as before but with a second layer and a new MAKE_DIR
2532 	 * rule (and no explicit handling of REFER).
2533 	 */
2534 	const int ruleset_fd =
2535 		create_ruleset(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_DIR, layer2);
2536 
2537 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2538 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2539 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2540 }
2541 
2542 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, reparent_exdev_layers_rename1)
2543 {
2544 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s2d2));
2545 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s2d3));
2546 
2547 	reparent_exdev_layers_enforce1(_metadata);
2548 
2549 	/*
2550 	 * Moving the dir_s1d3 directory below dir_s2d2 is allowed by Landlock
2551 	 * because it doesn't inherit new access rights.
2552 	 */
2553 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(dir_s1d3, file1_s2d2));
2554 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s2d2, dir_s1d3));
2555 
2556 	/*
2557 	 * Moving the dir_s1d3 directory below dir_s2d3 is allowed, even if it
2558 	 * gets a new inherited access rights (MAKE_REG), because MAKE_REG is
2559 	 * already allowed for dir_s1d3.
2560 	 */
2561 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(dir_s1d3, file1_s2d3));
2562 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s2d3, dir_s1d3));
2563 
2564 	/*
2565 	 * However, moving the file1_s1d3 file below dir_s2d3 is allowed
2566 	 * because it cannot inherit MAKE_REG right (which is dedicated to
2567 	 * directories).
2568 	 */
2569 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d3, file1_s2d3));
2570 
2571 	reparent_exdev_layers_enforce2(_metadata);
2572 
2573 	/*
2574 	 * Moving the dir_s1d3 directory below dir_s2d2 is now denied because
2575 	 * MAKE_DIR is not tied to dir_s2d2.
2576 	 */
2577 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d3, file1_s2d2));
2578 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2579 
2580 	/*
2581 	 * Moving the dir_s1d3 directory below dir_s2d3 is forbidden because it
2582 	 * would grants MAKE_REG and MAKE_DIR rights to it.
2583 	 */
2584 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d3, file1_s2d3));
2585 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2586 
2587 	/*
2588 	 * Moving the file2_s1d3 file below dir_s2d3 is denied because the
2589 	 * second layer does not handle REFER, which is always denied by
2590 	 * default.
2591 	 */
2592 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file2_s1d3, file1_s2d3));
2593 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2594 }
2595 
2596 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, reparent_exdev_layers_rename2)
2597 {
2598 	reparent_exdev_layers_enforce1(_metadata);
2599 
2600 	/* Checks EACCES predominance over EXDEV. */
2601 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d1, file1_s2d2));
2602 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2603 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d2, file1_s2d2));
2604 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2605 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d1, file1_s2d3));
2606 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2607 	/* Modify layout! */
2608 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d2, file1_s2d3));
2609 
2610 	/* Without REFER source. */
2611 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d1, file1_s2d2));
2612 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2613 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d2, file1_s2d2));
2614 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2615 
2616 	reparent_exdev_layers_enforce2(_metadata);
2617 
2618 	/* Checks EACCES predominance over EXDEV. */
2619 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d1, file1_s2d2));
2620 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2621 	/* Checks with actual file2_s1d2. */
2622 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file2_s1d2, file1_s2d2));
2623 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2624 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d1, file1_s2d3));
2625 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2626 	/*
2627 	 * Modifying the layout is now denied because the second layer does not
2628 	 * handle REFER, which is always denied by default.
2629 	 */
2630 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file2_s1d2, file1_s2d3));
2631 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2632 
2633 	/* Without REFER source, EACCES wins over EXDEV. */
2634 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d1, file1_s2d2));
2635 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2636 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d2, file1_s2d2));
2637 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2638 }
2639 
2640 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, reparent_exdev_layers_exchange1)
2641 {
2642 	const char *const dir_file1_s1d2 = file1_s1d2, *const dir_file2_s2d3 =
2643 							       file2_s2d3;
2644 
2645 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
2646 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(file1_s1d2, 0700));
2647 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s2d3));
2648 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(file2_s2d3, 0700));
2649 
2650 	reparent_exdev_layers_enforce1(_metadata);
2651 
2652 	/* Error predominance with file exchange: returns EXDEV and EACCES. */
2653 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d1, AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d3,
2654 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2655 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2656 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d1,
2657 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2658 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2659 
2660 	/*
2661 	 * Checks with directories which creation could be allowed, but denied
2662 	 * because of access rights that would be inherited.
2663 	 */
2664 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_file1_s1d2, AT_FDCWD,
2665 				dir_file2_s2d3, RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2666 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2667 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_file2_s2d3, AT_FDCWD,
2668 				dir_file1_s1d2, RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2669 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2670 
2671 	/* Checks with same access rights. */
2672 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3, AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3,
2673 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2674 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3,
2675 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2676 
2677 	/* Checks with different (child-only) access rights. */
2678 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, dir_file1_s1d2,
2679 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2680 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_file1_s1d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3,
2681 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2682 
2683 	/*
2684 	 * Checks that exchange between file and directory are consistent.
2685 	 *
2686 	 * Moving a file (file1_s2d2) to a directory which only grants more
2687 	 * directory-related access rights is allowed, and at the same time
2688 	 * moving a directory (dir_file2_s2d3) to another directory which
2689 	 * grants less access rights is allowed too.
2690 	 *
2691 	 * See layout1.reparent_exdev_layers_exchange3 for inverted arguments.
2692 	 */
2693 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_file2_s2d3,
2694 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2695 	/*
2696 	 * However, moving back the directory is denied because it would get
2697 	 * more access rights than the current state and because file creation
2698 	 * is forbidden (in dir_s2d2).
2699 	 */
2700 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_file2_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2,
2701 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2702 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2703 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_file2_s2d3,
2704 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2705 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2706 
2707 	reparent_exdev_layers_enforce2(_metadata);
2708 
2709 	/* Error predominance with file exchange: returns EXDEV and EACCES. */
2710 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d1, AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d3,
2711 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2712 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2713 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d1,
2714 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2715 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2716 
2717 	/* Checks with directories which creation is now denied. */
2718 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_file1_s1d2, AT_FDCWD,
2719 				dir_file2_s2d3, RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2720 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2721 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_file2_s2d3, AT_FDCWD,
2722 				dir_file1_s1d2, RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2723 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2724 
2725 	/* Checks with different (child-only) access rights. */
2726 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3, AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3,
2727 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2728 	/* Denied because of MAKE_DIR. */
2729 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2730 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3,
2731 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2732 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2733 
2734 	/* Checks with different (child-only) access rights. */
2735 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, dir_file1_s1d2,
2736 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2737 	/* Denied because of MAKE_DIR. */
2738 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2739 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_file1_s1d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3,
2740 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2741 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2742 
2743 	/* See layout1.reparent_exdev_layers_exchange2 for complement. */
2744 }
2745 
2746 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, reparent_exdev_layers_exchange2)
2747 {
2748 	const char *const dir_file2_s2d3 = file2_s2d3;
2749 
2750 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s2d3));
2751 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(file2_s2d3, 0700));
2752 
2753 	reparent_exdev_layers_enforce1(_metadata);
2754 	reparent_exdev_layers_enforce2(_metadata);
2755 
2756 	/* Checks that exchange between file and directory are consistent. */
2757 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_file2_s2d3,
2758 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2759 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2760 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_file2_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2,
2761 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2762 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2763 }
2764 
2765 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, reparent_exdev_layers_exchange3)
2766 {
2767 	const char *const dir_file2_s2d3 = file2_s2d3;
2768 
2769 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s2d3));
2770 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(file2_s2d3, 0700));
2771 
2772 	reparent_exdev_layers_enforce1(_metadata);
2773 
2774 	/*
2775 	 * Checks that exchange between file and directory are consistent,
2776 	 * including with inverted arguments (see
2777 	 * layout1.reparent_exdev_layers_exchange1).
2778 	 */
2779 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_file2_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2,
2780 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2781 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_file2_s2d3,
2782 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2783 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2784 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, dir_file2_s2d3, AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2,
2785 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2786 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2787 }
2788 
2789 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, reparent_remove)
2790 {
2791 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
2792 		{
2793 			.path = dir_s1d1,
2794 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER |
2795 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_DIR,
2796 		},
2797 		{
2798 			.path = dir_s1d2,
2799 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE,
2800 		},
2801 		{
2802 			.path = dir_s2d1,
2803 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER |
2804 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE,
2805 		},
2806 		{},
2807 	};
2808 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(
2809 		_metadata,
2810 		LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER | LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_DIR |
2811 			LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE,
2812 		layer1);
2813 
2814 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2815 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2816 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2817 
2818 	/* Access denied because of wrong/swapped remove file/dir. */
2819 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d1, dir_s2d2));
2820 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2821 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s2d2, file1_s1d1));
2822 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2823 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d1, AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d2,
2824 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2825 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2826 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d1, AT_FDCWD, dir_s2d3,
2827 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2828 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2829 
2830 	/* Access allowed thanks to the matching rights. */
2831 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d1, dir_s1d2));
2832 	ASSERT_EQ(EISDIR, errno);
2833 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d2, file1_s2d1));
2834 	ASSERT_EQ(ENOTDIR, errno);
2835 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d3, file1_s2d1));
2836 	ASSERT_EQ(ENOTDIR, errno);
2837 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s2d1));
2838 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
2839 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d3));
2840 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(dir_s1d3, file1_s2d1));
2841 
2842 	/* Effectively removes a file and a directory by exchanging them. */
2843 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(dir_s1d3, 0700));
2844 	ASSERT_EQ(0, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3,
2845 			       RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2846 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, renameat2(AT_FDCWD, file1_s2d2, AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3,
2847 				RENAME_EXCHANGE));
2848 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2849 }
2850 
2851 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, reparent_dom_superset)
2852 {
2853 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
2854 		{
2855 			.path = dir_s1d2,
2856 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
2857 		},
2858 		{
2859 			.path = file1_s1d2,
2860 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE,
2861 		},
2862 		{
2863 			.path = dir_s1d3,
2864 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_SOCK |
2865 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE,
2866 		},
2867 		{
2868 			.path = dir_s2d2,
2869 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER |
2870 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE |
2871 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_SOCK,
2872 		},
2873 		{
2874 			.path = dir_s2d3,
2875 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
2876 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_FIFO,
2877 		},
2878 		{},
2879 	};
2880 	int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata,
2881 					LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER |
2882 						LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE |
2883 						LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_SOCK |
2884 						LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
2885 						LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_FIFO,
2886 					layer1);
2887 
2888 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2889 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2890 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2891 
2892 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d2, file1_s2d1));
2893 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2894 	/*
2895 	 * Moving file1_s1d2 beneath dir_s2d3 would grant it the READ_FILE
2896 	 * access right.
2897 	 */
2898 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d2, file1_s2d3));
2899 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2900 	/*
2901 	 * Moving file1_s1d2 should be allowed even if dir_s2d2 grants a
2902 	 * superset of access rights compared to dir_s1d2, because file1_s1d2
2903 	 * already has these access rights anyway.
2904 	 */
2905 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d2, file1_s2d2));
2906 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s2d2, file1_s1d2));
2907 
2908 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d3, file1_s2d1));
2909 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2910 	/*
2911 	 * Moving dir_s1d3 beneath dir_s2d3 would grant it the MAKE_FIFO access
2912 	 * right.
2913 	 */
2914 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(dir_s1d3, file1_s2d3));
2915 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2916 	/*
2917 	 * Moving dir_s1d3 should be allowed even if dir_s2d2 grants a superset
2918 	 * of access rights compared to dir_s1d2, because dir_s1d3 already has
2919 	 * these access rights anyway.
2920 	 */
2921 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(dir_s1d3, file1_s2d2));
2922 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s2d2, dir_s1d3));
2923 
2924 	/*
2925 	 * Moving file1_s2d3 beneath dir_s1d2 is allowed, but moving it back
2926 	 * will be denied because the new inherited access rights from dir_s1d2
2927 	 * will be less than the destination (original) dir_s2d3.  This is a
2928 	 * sinkhole scenario where we cannot move back files or directories.
2929 	 */
2930 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s2d3, file2_s1d2));
2931 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file2_s1d2, file1_s2d3));
2932 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2933 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d2));
2934 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s2d3));
2935 	/*
2936 	 * Checks similar directory one-way move: dir_s2d3 loses EXECUTE and
2937 	 * MAKE_SOCK which were inherited from dir_s1d3.
2938 	 */
2939 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(dir_s2d3, file2_s1d2));
2940 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file2_s1d2, dir_s2d3));
2941 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
2942 }
2943 
2944 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, remove_dir)
2945 {
2946 	const struct rule rules[] = {
2947 		{
2948 			.path = dir_s1d2,
2949 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_DIR,
2950 		},
2951 		{},
2952 	};
2953 	const int ruleset_fd =
2954 		create_ruleset(_metadata, rules[0].access, rules);
2955 
2956 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2957 
2958 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d1));
2959 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
2960 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
2961 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d3));
2962 
2963 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2964 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2965 
2966 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rmdir(dir_s1d3));
2967 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(dir_s1d3, 0700));
2968 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlinkat(AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d3, AT_REMOVEDIR));
2969 
2970 	/* dir_s1d2 itself cannot be removed. */
2971 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rmdir(dir_s1d2));
2972 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2973 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, unlinkat(AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d2, AT_REMOVEDIR));
2974 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2975 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rmdir(dir_s1d1));
2976 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2977 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, unlinkat(AT_FDCWD, dir_s1d1, AT_REMOVEDIR));
2978 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2979 }
2980 
2981 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, remove_file)
2982 {
2983 	const struct rule rules[] = {
2984 		{
2985 			.path = dir_s1d2,
2986 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE,
2987 		},
2988 		{},
2989 	};
2990 	const int ruleset_fd =
2991 		create_ruleset(_metadata, rules[0].access, rules);
2992 
2993 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
2994 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
2995 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
2996 
2997 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, unlink(file1_s1d1));
2998 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
2999 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, unlinkat(AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d1, 0));
3000 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
3001 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
3002 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlinkat(AT_FDCWD, file1_s1d3, 0));
3003 }
3004 
3005 static void test_make_file(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
3006 			   const __u64 access, const mode_t mode,
3007 			   const dev_t dev)
3008 {
3009 	const struct rule rules[] = {
3010 		{
3011 			.path = dir_s1d2,
3012 			.access = access,
3013 		},
3014 		{},
3015 	};
3016 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, access, rules);
3017 
3018 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3019 
3020 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d1));
3021 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d1));
3022 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mknod(file2_s1d1, mode | 0400, dev))
3023 	{
3024 		TH_LOG("Failed to make file \"%s\": %s", file2_s1d1,
3025 		       strerror(errno));
3026 	};
3027 
3028 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
3029 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d2));
3030 
3031 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
3032 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d3));
3033 
3034 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3035 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3036 
3037 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, mknod(file1_s1d1, mode | 0400, dev));
3038 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
3039 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file2_s1d1, file1_s1d1));
3040 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
3041 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file2_s1d1, file1_s1d1));
3042 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
3043 
3044 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mknod(file1_s1d2, mode | 0400, dev))
3045 	{
3046 		TH_LOG("Failed to make file \"%s\": %s", file1_s1d2,
3047 		       strerror(errno));
3048 	};
3049 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file1_s1d2, file2_s1d2));
3050 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d2));
3051 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d2, file2_s1d2));
3052 
3053 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mknod(file1_s1d3, mode | 0400, dev));
3054 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file1_s1d3, file2_s1d3));
3055 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d3));
3056 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d3, file2_s1d3));
3057 }
3058 
3059 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, make_char)
3060 {
3061 	/* Creates a /dev/null device. */
3062 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_MKNOD);
3063 	test_make_file(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_CHAR, S_IFCHR,
3064 		       makedev(1, 3));
3065 }
3066 
3067 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, make_block)
3068 {
3069 	/* Creates a /dev/loop0 device. */
3070 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_MKNOD);
3071 	test_make_file(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_BLOCK, S_IFBLK,
3072 		       makedev(7, 0));
3073 }
3074 
3075 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, make_reg_1)
3076 {
3077 	test_make_file(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG, S_IFREG, 0);
3078 }
3079 
3080 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, make_reg_2)
3081 {
3082 	test_make_file(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG, 0, 0);
3083 }
3084 
3085 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, make_sock)
3086 {
3087 	test_make_file(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_SOCK, S_IFSOCK, 0);
3088 }
3089 
3090 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, make_fifo)
3091 {
3092 	test_make_file(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_FIFO, S_IFIFO, 0);
3093 }
3094 
3095 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, make_sym)
3096 {
3097 	const struct rule rules[] = {
3098 		{
3099 			.path = dir_s1d2,
3100 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_SYM,
3101 		},
3102 		{},
3103 	};
3104 	const int ruleset_fd =
3105 		create_ruleset(_metadata, rules[0].access, rules);
3106 
3107 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3108 
3109 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d1));
3110 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d1));
3111 	ASSERT_EQ(0, symlink("none", file2_s1d1));
3112 
3113 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
3114 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d2));
3115 
3116 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
3117 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d3));
3118 
3119 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3120 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3121 
3122 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, symlink("none", file1_s1d1));
3123 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
3124 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, link(file2_s1d1, file1_s1d1));
3125 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
3126 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file2_s1d1, file1_s1d1));
3127 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
3128 
3129 	ASSERT_EQ(0, symlink("none", file1_s1d2));
3130 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file1_s1d2, file2_s1d2));
3131 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d2));
3132 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d2, file2_s1d2));
3133 
3134 	ASSERT_EQ(0, symlink("none", file1_s1d3));
3135 	ASSERT_EQ(0, link(file1_s1d3, file2_s1d3));
3136 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file2_s1d3));
3137 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(file1_s1d3, file2_s1d3));
3138 }
3139 
3140 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, make_dir)
3141 {
3142 	const struct rule rules[] = {
3143 		{
3144 			.path = dir_s1d2,
3145 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_DIR,
3146 		},
3147 		{},
3148 	};
3149 	const int ruleset_fd =
3150 		create_ruleset(_metadata, rules[0].access, rules);
3151 
3152 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3153 
3154 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d1));
3155 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
3156 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d3));
3157 
3158 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3159 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3160 
3161 	/* Uses file_* as directory names. */
3162 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, mkdir(file1_s1d1, 0700));
3163 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
3164 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(file1_s1d2, 0700));
3165 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(file1_s1d3, 0700));
3166 }
3167 
3168 static int open_proc_fd(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata, const int fd,
3169 			const int open_flags)
3170 {
3171 	static const char path_template[] = "/proc/self/fd/%d";
3172 	char procfd_path[sizeof(path_template) + 10];
3173 	const int procfd_path_size =
3174 		snprintf(procfd_path, sizeof(procfd_path), path_template, fd);
3175 
3176 	ASSERT_LT(procfd_path_size, sizeof(procfd_path));
3177 	return open(procfd_path, open_flags);
3178 }
3179 
3180 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, proc_unlinked_file)
3181 {
3182 	const struct rule rules[] = {
3183 		{
3184 			.path = file1_s1d2,
3185 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
3186 		},
3187 		{},
3188 	};
3189 	int reg_fd, proc_fd;
3190 	const int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(
3191 		_metadata,
3192 		LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE | LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3193 		rules);
3194 
3195 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3196 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3197 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3198 
3199 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDWR));
3200 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
3201 	reg_fd = open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
3202 	ASSERT_LE(0, reg_fd);
3203 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file1_s1d2));
3204 
3205 	proc_fd = open_proc_fd(_metadata, reg_fd, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
3206 	ASSERT_LE(0, proc_fd);
3207 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(proc_fd));
3208 
3209 	proc_fd = open_proc_fd(_metadata, reg_fd, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
3210 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, proc_fd)
3211 	{
3212 		TH_LOG("Successfully opened /proc/self/fd/%d: %s", reg_fd,
3213 		       strerror(errno));
3214 	}
3215 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, errno);
3216 
3217 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(reg_fd));
3218 }
3219 
3220 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, proc_pipe)
3221 {
3222 	int proc_fd;
3223 	int pipe_fds[2];
3224 	char buf = '\0';
3225 	const struct rule rules[] = {
3226 		{
3227 			.path = dir_s1d2,
3228 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
3229 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3230 		},
3231 		{},
3232 	};
3233 	/* Limits read and write access to files tied to the filesystem. */
3234 	const int ruleset_fd =
3235 		create_ruleset(_metadata, rules[0].access, rules);
3236 
3237 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3238 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3239 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3240 
3241 	/* Checks enforcement for normal files. */
3242 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDWR));
3243 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDWR));
3244 
3245 	/* Checks access to pipes through FD. */
3246 	ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(pipe_fds, O_CLOEXEC));
3247 	ASSERT_EQ(1, write(pipe_fds[1], ".", 1))
3248 	{
3249 		TH_LOG("Failed to write in pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
3250 	}
3251 	ASSERT_EQ(1, read(pipe_fds[0], &buf, 1));
3252 	ASSERT_EQ('.', buf);
3253 
3254 	/* Checks write access to pipe through /proc/self/fd . */
3255 	proc_fd = open_proc_fd(_metadata, pipe_fds[1], O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
3256 	ASSERT_LE(0, proc_fd);
3257 	ASSERT_EQ(1, write(proc_fd, ".", 1))
3258 	{
3259 		TH_LOG("Failed to write through /proc/self/fd/%d: %s",
3260 		       pipe_fds[1], strerror(errno));
3261 	}
3262 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(proc_fd));
3263 
3264 	/* Checks read access to pipe through /proc/self/fd . */
3265 	proc_fd = open_proc_fd(_metadata, pipe_fds[0], O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
3266 	ASSERT_LE(0, proc_fd);
3267 	buf = '\0';
3268 	ASSERT_EQ(1, read(proc_fd, &buf, 1))
3269 	{
3270 		TH_LOG("Failed to read through /proc/self/fd/%d: %s",
3271 		       pipe_fds[1], strerror(errno));
3272 	}
3273 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(proc_fd));
3274 
3275 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(pipe_fds[0]));
3276 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(pipe_fds[1]));
3277 }
3278 
3279 /* Invokes truncate(2) and returns its errno or 0. */
3280 static int test_truncate(const char *const path)
3281 {
3282 	if (truncate(path, 10) < 0)
3283 		return errno;
3284 	return 0;
3285 }
3286 
3287 /*
3288  * Invokes creat(2) and returns its errno or 0.
3289  * Closes the opened file descriptor on success.
3290  */
3291 static int test_creat(const char *const path)
3292 {
3293 	int fd = creat(path, 0600);
3294 
3295 	if (fd < 0)
3296 		return errno;
3297 
3298 	/*
3299 	 * Mixing error codes from close(2) and creat(2) should not lead to any
3300 	 * (access type) confusion for this test.
3301 	 */
3302 	if (close(fd) < 0)
3303 		return errno;
3304 	return 0;
3305 }
3306 
3307 /*
3308  * Exercises file truncation when it's not restricted,
3309  * as it was the case before LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE existed.
3310  */
3311 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, truncate_unhandled)
3312 {
3313 	const char *const file_r = file1_s1d1;
3314 	const char *const file_w = file2_s1d1;
3315 	const char *const file_none = file1_s1d2;
3316 	const struct rule rules[] = {
3317 		{
3318 			.path = file_r,
3319 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
3320 		},
3321 		{
3322 			.path = file_w,
3323 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3324 		},
3325 		/* Implicitly: No rights for file_none. */
3326 		{},
3327 	};
3328 
3329 	const __u64 handled = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
3330 			      LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE;
3331 	int ruleset_fd;
3332 
3333 	/* Enable Landlock. */
3334 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, handled, rules);
3335 
3336 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3337 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3338 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3339 
3340 	/*
3341 	 * Checks read right: truncate and open with O_TRUNC work, unless the
3342 	 * file is attempted to be opened for writing.
3343 	 */
3344 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_truncate(file_r));
3345 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_open(file_r, O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC));
3346 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_r, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC));
3347 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_creat(file_r));
3348 
3349 	/*
3350 	 * Checks write right: truncate and open with O_TRUNC work, unless the
3351 	 * file is attempted to be opened for reading.
3352 	 */
3353 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_truncate(file_w));
3354 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_w, O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC));
3355 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_open(file_w, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC));
3356 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_creat(file_w));
3357 
3358 	/*
3359 	 * Checks "no rights" case: truncate works but all open attempts fail,
3360 	 * including creat.
3361 	 */
3362 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_truncate(file_none));
3363 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_none, O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC));
3364 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_none, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC));
3365 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_creat(file_none));
3366 }
3367 
3368 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, truncate)
3369 {
3370 	const char *const file_rwt = file1_s1d1;
3371 	const char *const file_rw = file2_s1d1;
3372 	const char *const file_rt = file1_s1d2;
3373 	const char *const file_t = file2_s1d2;
3374 	const char *const file_none = file1_s1d3;
3375 	const char *const dir_t = dir_s2d1;
3376 	const char *const file_in_dir_t = file1_s2d1;
3377 	const char *const dir_w = dir_s3d1;
3378 	const char *const file_in_dir_w = file1_s3d1;
3379 	const struct rule rules[] = {
3380 		{
3381 			.path = file_rwt,
3382 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
3383 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE |
3384 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3385 		},
3386 		{
3387 			.path = file_rw,
3388 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
3389 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3390 		},
3391 		{
3392 			.path = file_rt,
3393 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
3394 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3395 		},
3396 		{
3397 			.path = file_t,
3398 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3399 		},
3400 		/* Implicitly: No access rights for file_none. */
3401 		{
3402 			.path = dir_t,
3403 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3404 		},
3405 		{
3406 			.path = dir_w,
3407 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3408 		},
3409 		{},
3410 	};
3411 	const __u64 handled = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
3412 			      LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE |
3413 			      LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE;
3414 	int ruleset_fd;
3415 
3416 	/* Enable Landlock. */
3417 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, handled, rules);
3418 
3419 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3420 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3421 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3422 
3423 	/* Checks read, write and truncate rights: truncation works. */
3424 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_truncate(file_rwt));
3425 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_open(file_rwt, O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC));
3426 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_open(file_rwt, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC));
3427 
3428 	/* Checks read and write rights: no truncate variant works. */
3429 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_truncate(file_rw));
3430 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_rw, O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC));
3431 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_rw, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC));
3432 
3433 	/*
3434 	 * Checks read and truncate rights: truncation works.
3435 	 *
3436 	 * Note: Files can get truncated using open() even with O_RDONLY.
3437 	 */
3438 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_truncate(file_rt));
3439 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_open(file_rt, O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC));
3440 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_rt, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC));
3441 
3442 	/* Checks truncate right: truncate works, but can't open file. */
3443 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_truncate(file_t));
3444 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_t, O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC));
3445 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_t, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC));
3446 
3447 	/* Checks "no rights" case: No form of truncation works. */
3448 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_truncate(file_none));
3449 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_none, O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC));
3450 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_none, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC));
3451 
3452 	/*
3453 	 * Checks truncate right on directory: truncate works on contained
3454 	 * files.
3455 	 */
3456 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_truncate(file_in_dir_t));
3457 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_in_dir_t, O_RDONLY | O_TRUNC));
3458 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file_in_dir_t, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC));
3459 
3460 	/*
3461 	 * Checks creat in dir_w: This requires the truncate right when
3462 	 * overwriting an existing file, but does not require it when the file
3463 	 * is new.
3464 	 */
3465 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_creat(file_in_dir_w));
3466 
3467 	ASSERT_EQ(0, unlink(file_in_dir_w));
3468 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_creat(file_in_dir_w));
3469 }
3470 
3471 /* Invokes ftruncate(2) and returns its errno or 0. */
3472 static int test_ftruncate(int fd)
3473 {
3474 	if (ftruncate(fd, 10) < 0)
3475 		return errno;
3476 	return 0;
3477 }
3478 
3479 TEST_F_FORK(layout1, ftruncate)
3480 {
3481 	/*
3482 	 * This test opens a new file descriptor at different stages of
3483 	 * Landlock restriction:
3484 	 *
3485 	 * without restriction:                    ftruncate works
3486 	 * something else but truncate restricted: ftruncate works
3487 	 * truncate restricted and permitted:      ftruncate works
3488 	 * truncate restricted and not permitted:  ftruncate fails
3489 	 *
3490 	 * Whether this works or not is expected to depend on the time when the
3491 	 * FD was opened, not to depend on the time when ftruncate() was
3492 	 * called.
3493 	 */
3494 	const char *const path = file1_s1d1;
3495 	const __u64 handled1 = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
3496 			       LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE;
3497 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
3498 		{
3499 			.path = path,
3500 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3501 		},
3502 		{},
3503 	};
3504 	const __u64 handled2 = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE;
3505 	const struct rule layer2[] = {
3506 		{
3507 			.path = path,
3508 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3509 		},
3510 		{},
3511 	};
3512 	const __u64 handled3 = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE |
3513 			       LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE;
3514 	const struct rule layer3[] = {
3515 		{
3516 			.path = path,
3517 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3518 		},
3519 		{},
3520 	};
3521 	int fd_layer0, fd_layer1, fd_layer2, fd_layer3, ruleset_fd;
3522 
3523 	fd_layer0 = open(path, O_WRONLY);
3524 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_ftruncate(fd_layer0));
3525 
3526 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, handled1, layer1);
3527 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3528 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3529 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3530 
3531 	fd_layer1 = open(path, O_WRONLY);
3532 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_ftruncate(fd_layer0));
3533 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_ftruncate(fd_layer1));
3534 
3535 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, handled2, layer2);
3536 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3537 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3538 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3539 
3540 	fd_layer2 = open(path, O_WRONLY);
3541 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_ftruncate(fd_layer0));
3542 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_ftruncate(fd_layer1));
3543 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_ftruncate(fd_layer2));
3544 
3545 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, handled3, layer3);
3546 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3547 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3548 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3549 
3550 	fd_layer3 = open(path, O_WRONLY);
3551 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_ftruncate(fd_layer0));
3552 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_ftruncate(fd_layer1));
3553 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_ftruncate(fd_layer2));
3554 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_ftruncate(fd_layer3));
3555 
3556 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(fd_layer0));
3557 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(fd_layer1));
3558 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(fd_layer2));
3559 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(fd_layer3));
3560 }
3561 
3562 /* clang-format off */
3563 FIXTURE(ftruncate) {};
3564 /* clang-format on */
3565 
3566 FIXTURE_SETUP(ftruncate)
3567 {
3568 	prepare_layout(_metadata);
3569 	create_file(_metadata, file1_s1d1);
3570 }
3571 
3572 FIXTURE_TEARDOWN(ftruncate)
3573 {
3574 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(file1_s1d1));
3575 	cleanup_layout(_metadata);
3576 }
3577 
3578 FIXTURE_VARIANT(ftruncate)
3579 {
3580 	const __u64 handled;
3581 	const __u64 permitted;
3582 	const int expected_open_result;
3583 	const int expected_ftruncate_result;
3584 };
3585 
3586 /* clang-format off */
3587 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(ftruncate, w_w) {
3588 	/* clang-format on */
3589 	.handled = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3590 	.permitted = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3591 	.expected_open_result = 0,
3592 	.expected_ftruncate_result = 0,
3593 };
3594 
3595 /* clang-format off */
3596 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(ftruncate, t_t) {
3597 	/* clang-format on */
3598 	.handled = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3599 	.permitted = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3600 	.expected_open_result = 0,
3601 	.expected_ftruncate_result = 0,
3602 };
3603 
3604 /* clang-format off */
3605 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(ftruncate, wt_w) {
3606 	/* clang-format on */
3607 	.handled = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE | LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3608 	.permitted = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3609 	.expected_open_result = 0,
3610 	.expected_ftruncate_result = EACCES,
3611 };
3612 
3613 /* clang-format off */
3614 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(ftruncate, wt_wt) {
3615 	/* clang-format on */
3616 	.handled = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE | LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3617 	.permitted = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE |
3618 		     LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3619 	.expected_open_result = 0,
3620 	.expected_ftruncate_result = 0,
3621 };
3622 
3623 /* clang-format off */
3624 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(ftruncate, wt_t) {
3625 	/* clang-format on */
3626 	.handled = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE | LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3627 	.permitted = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE,
3628 	.expected_open_result = EACCES,
3629 };
3630 
3631 TEST_F_FORK(ftruncate, open_and_ftruncate)
3632 {
3633 	const char *const path = file1_s1d1;
3634 	const struct rule rules[] = {
3635 		{
3636 			.path = path,
3637 			.access = variant->permitted,
3638 		},
3639 		{},
3640 	};
3641 	int fd, ruleset_fd;
3642 
3643 	/* Enable Landlock. */
3644 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, variant->handled, rules);
3645 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3646 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3647 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3648 
3649 	fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);
3650 	EXPECT_EQ(variant->expected_open_result, (fd < 0 ? errno : 0));
3651 	if (fd >= 0) {
3652 		EXPECT_EQ(variant->expected_ftruncate_result,
3653 			  test_ftruncate(fd));
3654 		ASSERT_EQ(0, close(fd));
3655 	}
3656 }
3657 
3658 TEST_F_FORK(ftruncate, open_and_ftruncate_in_different_processes)
3659 {
3660 	int child, fd, status;
3661 	int socket_fds[2];
3662 
3663 	ASSERT_EQ(0, socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0,
3664 				socket_fds));
3665 
3666 	child = fork();
3667 	ASSERT_LE(0, child);
3668 	if (child == 0) {
3669 		/*
3670 		 * Enables Landlock in the child process, open a file descriptor
3671 		 * where truncation is forbidden and send it to the
3672 		 * non-landlocked parent process.
3673 		 */
3674 		const char *const path = file1_s1d1;
3675 		const struct rule rules[] = {
3676 			{
3677 				.path = path,
3678 				.access = variant->permitted,
3679 			},
3680 			{},
3681 		};
3682 		int fd, ruleset_fd;
3683 
3684 		ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, variant->handled, rules);
3685 		ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3686 		enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3687 		ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3688 
3689 		fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);
3690 		ASSERT_EQ(variant->expected_open_result, (fd < 0 ? errno : 0));
3691 
3692 		if (fd >= 0) {
3693 			ASSERT_EQ(0, send_fd(socket_fds[0], fd));
3694 			ASSERT_EQ(0, close(fd));
3695 		}
3696 
3697 		ASSERT_EQ(0, close(socket_fds[0]));
3698 
3699 		_exit(_metadata->passed ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
3700 		return;
3701 	}
3702 
3703 	if (variant->expected_open_result == 0) {
3704 		fd = recv_fd(socket_fds[1]);
3705 		ASSERT_LE(0, fd);
3706 
3707 		EXPECT_EQ(variant->expected_ftruncate_result,
3708 			  test_ftruncate(fd));
3709 		ASSERT_EQ(0, close(fd));
3710 	}
3711 
3712 	ASSERT_EQ(child, waitpid(child, &status, 0));
3713 	ASSERT_EQ(1, WIFEXITED(status));
3714 	ASSERT_EQ(EXIT_SUCCESS, WEXITSTATUS(status));
3715 
3716 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(socket_fds[0]));
3717 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(socket_fds[1]));
3718 }
3719 
3720 TEST(memfd_ftruncate)
3721 {
3722 	int fd;
3723 
3724 	fd = memfd_create("name", MFD_CLOEXEC);
3725 	ASSERT_LE(0, fd);
3726 
3727 	/*
3728 	 * Checks that ftruncate is permitted on file descriptors that are
3729 	 * created in ways other than open(2).
3730 	 */
3731 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_ftruncate(fd));
3732 
3733 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(fd));
3734 }
3735 
3736 /* clang-format off */
3737 FIXTURE(layout1_bind) {};
3738 /* clang-format on */
3739 
3740 FIXTURE_SETUP(layout1_bind)
3741 {
3742 	prepare_layout(_metadata);
3743 
3744 	create_layout1(_metadata);
3745 
3746 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
3747 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mount(dir_s1d2, dir_s2d2, NULL, MS_BIND, NULL));
3748 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
3749 }
3750 
3751 FIXTURE_TEARDOWN(layout1_bind)
3752 {
3753 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
3754 	EXPECT_EQ(0, umount(dir_s2d2));
3755 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
3756 
3757 	remove_layout1(_metadata);
3758 
3759 	cleanup_layout(_metadata);
3760 }
3761 
3762 static const char bind_dir_s1d3[] = TMP_DIR "/s2d1/s2d2/s1d3";
3763 static const char bind_file1_s1d3[] = TMP_DIR "/s2d1/s2d2/s1d3/f1";
3764 
3765 /*
3766  * layout1_bind hierarchy:
3767  *
3768  * tmp
3769  * ├── s1d1
3770  * │   ├── f1
3771  * │   ├── f2
3772  * │   └── s1d2
3773  * │       ├── f1
3774  * │       ├── f2
3775  * │       └── s1d3
3776  * │           ├── f1
3777  * │           └── f2
3778  * ├── s2d1
3779  * │   ├── f1
3780  * │   └── s2d2
3781  * │       ├── f1
3782  * │       ├── f2
3783  * │       └── s1d3
3784  * │           ├── f1
3785  * │           └── f2
3786  * └── s3d1
3787  *     └── s3d2
3788  *         └── s3d3
3789  */
3790 
3791 TEST_F_FORK(layout1_bind, no_restriction)
3792 {
3793 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
3794 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
3795 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
3796 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
3797 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
3798 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
3799 
3800 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s2d1, O_RDONLY));
3801 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s2d1, O_RDONLY));
3802 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s2d2, O_RDONLY));
3803 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s2d2, O_RDONLY));
3804 	ASSERT_EQ(ENOENT, test_open(dir_s2d3, O_RDONLY));
3805 	ASSERT_EQ(ENOENT, test_open(file1_s2d3, O_RDONLY));
3806 
3807 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(bind_dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
3808 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(bind_file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
3809 
3810 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s3d1, O_RDONLY));
3811 }
3812 
3813 TEST_F_FORK(layout1_bind, same_content_same_file)
3814 {
3815 	/*
3816 	 * Sets access right on parent directories of both source and
3817 	 * destination mount points.
3818 	 */
3819 	const struct rule layer1_parent[] = {
3820 		{
3821 			.path = dir_s1d1,
3822 			.access = ACCESS_RO,
3823 		},
3824 		{
3825 			.path = dir_s2d1,
3826 			.access = ACCESS_RW,
3827 		},
3828 		{},
3829 	};
3830 	/*
3831 	 * Sets access rights on the same bind-mounted directories.  The result
3832 	 * should be ACCESS_RW for both directories, but not both hierarchies
3833 	 * because of the first layer.
3834 	 */
3835 	const struct rule layer2_mount_point[] = {
3836 		{
3837 			.path = dir_s1d2,
3838 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
3839 		},
3840 		{
3841 			.path = dir_s2d2,
3842 			.access = ACCESS_RW,
3843 		},
3844 		{},
3845 	};
3846 	/* Only allow read-access to the s1d3 hierarchies. */
3847 	const struct rule layer3_source[] = {
3848 		{
3849 			.path = dir_s1d3,
3850 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
3851 		},
3852 		{},
3853 	};
3854 	/* Removes all access rights. */
3855 	const struct rule layer4_destination[] = {
3856 		{
3857 			.path = bind_file1_s1d3,
3858 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
3859 		},
3860 		{},
3861 	};
3862 	int ruleset_fd;
3863 
3864 	/* Sets rules for the parent directories. */
3865 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer1_parent);
3866 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3867 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3868 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3869 
3870 	/* Checks source hierarchy. */
3871 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
3872 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
3873 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3874 
3875 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
3876 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
3877 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3878 
3879 	/* Checks destination hierarchy. */
3880 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s2d1, O_RDWR));
3881 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s2d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3882 
3883 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s2d2, O_RDWR));
3884 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s2d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3885 
3886 	/* Sets rules for the mount points. */
3887 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer2_mount_point);
3888 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3889 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3890 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3891 
3892 	/* Checks source hierarchy. */
3893 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_RDONLY));
3894 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d1, O_WRONLY));
3895 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3896 
3897 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
3898 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
3899 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3900 
3901 	/* Checks destination hierarchy. */
3902 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s2d1, O_RDONLY));
3903 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s2d1, O_WRONLY));
3904 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s2d1, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3905 
3906 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s2d2, O_RDWR));
3907 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(dir_s2d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3908 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(bind_dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3909 
3910 	/* Sets a (shared) rule only on the source. */
3911 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer3_source);
3912 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3913 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3914 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3915 
3916 	/* Checks source hierarchy. */
3917 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_RDONLY));
3918 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d2, O_WRONLY));
3919 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3920 
3921 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
3922 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
3923 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3924 
3925 	/* Checks destination hierarchy. */
3926 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s2d2, O_RDONLY));
3927 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s2d2, O_WRONLY));
3928 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dir_s2d2, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3929 
3930 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(bind_file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
3931 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(bind_file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
3932 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(bind_dir_s1d3, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
3933 
3934 	/* Sets a (shared) rule only on the destination. */
3935 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer4_destination);
3936 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3937 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3938 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3939 
3940 	/* Checks source hierarchy. */
3941 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
3942 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
3943 
3944 	/* Checks destination hierarchy. */
3945 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(bind_file1_s1d3, O_RDONLY));
3946 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(bind_file1_s1d3, O_WRONLY));
3947 }
3948 
3949 TEST_F_FORK(layout1_bind, reparent_cross_mount)
3950 {
3951 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
3952 		{
3953 			/* dir_s2d1 is beneath the dir_s2d2 mount point. */
3954 			.path = dir_s2d1,
3955 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
3956 		},
3957 		{
3958 			.path = bind_dir_s1d3,
3959 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE,
3960 		},
3961 		{},
3962 	};
3963 	int ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(
3964 		_metadata,
3965 		LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER | LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE, layer1);
3966 
3967 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
3968 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
3969 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
3970 
3971 	/* Checks basic denied move. */
3972 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s1d1, file1_s1d2));
3973 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
3974 
3975 	/* Checks real cross-mount move (Landlock is not involved). */
3976 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d1, file1_s2d2));
3977 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
3978 
3979 	/* Checks move that will give more accesses. */
3980 	ASSERT_EQ(-1, rename(file1_s2d2, bind_file1_s1d3));
3981 	ASSERT_EQ(EXDEV, errno);
3982 
3983 	/* Checks legitimate downgrade move. */
3984 	ASSERT_EQ(0, rename(bind_file1_s1d3, file1_s2d2));
3985 }
3986 
3987 #define LOWER_BASE TMP_DIR "/lower"
3988 #define LOWER_DATA LOWER_BASE "/data"
3989 static const char lower_fl1[] = LOWER_DATA "/fl1";
3990 static const char lower_dl1[] = LOWER_DATA "/dl1";
3991 static const char lower_dl1_fl2[] = LOWER_DATA "/dl1/fl2";
3992 static const char lower_fo1[] = LOWER_DATA "/fo1";
3993 static const char lower_do1[] = LOWER_DATA "/do1";
3994 static const char lower_do1_fo2[] = LOWER_DATA "/do1/fo2";
3995 static const char lower_do1_fl3[] = LOWER_DATA "/do1/fl3";
3996 
3997 static const char (*lower_base_files[])[] = {
3998 	&lower_fl1,
3999 	&lower_fo1,
4000 	NULL,
4001 };
4002 static const char (*lower_base_directories[])[] = {
4003 	&lower_dl1,
4004 	&lower_do1,
4005 	NULL,
4006 };
4007 static const char (*lower_sub_files[])[] = {
4008 	&lower_dl1_fl2,
4009 	&lower_do1_fo2,
4010 	&lower_do1_fl3,
4011 	NULL,
4012 };
4013 
4014 #define UPPER_BASE TMP_DIR "/upper"
4015 #define UPPER_DATA UPPER_BASE "/data"
4016 #define UPPER_WORK UPPER_BASE "/work"
4017 static const char upper_fu1[] = UPPER_DATA "/fu1";
4018 static const char upper_du1[] = UPPER_DATA "/du1";
4019 static const char upper_du1_fu2[] = UPPER_DATA "/du1/fu2";
4020 static const char upper_fo1[] = UPPER_DATA "/fo1";
4021 static const char upper_do1[] = UPPER_DATA "/do1";
4022 static const char upper_do1_fo2[] = UPPER_DATA "/do1/fo2";
4023 static const char upper_do1_fu3[] = UPPER_DATA "/do1/fu3";
4024 
4025 static const char (*upper_base_files[])[] = {
4026 	&upper_fu1,
4027 	&upper_fo1,
4028 	NULL,
4029 };
4030 static const char (*upper_base_directories[])[] = {
4031 	&upper_du1,
4032 	&upper_do1,
4033 	NULL,
4034 };
4035 static const char (*upper_sub_files[])[] = {
4036 	&upper_du1_fu2,
4037 	&upper_do1_fo2,
4038 	&upper_do1_fu3,
4039 	NULL,
4040 };
4041 
4042 #define MERGE_BASE TMP_DIR "/merge"
4043 #define MERGE_DATA MERGE_BASE "/data"
4044 static const char merge_fl1[] = MERGE_DATA "/fl1";
4045 static const char merge_dl1[] = MERGE_DATA "/dl1";
4046 static const char merge_dl1_fl2[] = MERGE_DATA "/dl1/fl2";
4047 static const char merge_fu1[] = MERGE_DATA "/fu1";
4048 static const char merge_du1[] = MERGE_DATA "/du1";
4049 static const char merge_du1_fu2[] = MERGE_DATA "/du1/fu2";
4050 static const char merge_fo1[] = MERGE_DATA "/fo1";
4051 static const char merge_do1[] = MERGE_DATA "/do1";
4052 static const char merge_do1_fo2[] = MERGE_DATA "/do1/fo2";
4053 static const char merge_do1_fl3[] = MERGE_DATA "/do1/fl3";
4054 static const char merge_do1_fu3[] = MERGE_DATA "/do1/fu3";
4055 
4056 static const char (*merge_base_files[])[] = {
4057 	&merge_fl1,
4058 	&merge_fu1,
4059 	&merge_fo1,
4060 	NULL,
4061 };
4062 static const char (*merge_base_directories[])[] = {
4063 	&merge_dl1,
4064 	&merge_du1,
4065 	&merge_do1,
4066 	NULL,
4067 };
4068 static const char (*merge_sub_files[])[] = {
4069 	&merge_dl1_fl2, &merge_du1_fu2, &merge_do1_fo2,
4070 	&merge_do1_fl3, &merge_do1_fu3, NULL,
4071 };
4072 
4073 /*
4074  * layout2_overlay hierarchy:
4075  *
4076  * tmp
4077  * ├── lower
4078  * │   └── data
4079  * │       ├── dl1
4080  * │       │   └── fl2
4081  * │       ├── do1
4082  * │       │   ├── fl3
4083  * │       │   └── fo2
4084  * │       ├── fl1
4085  * │       └── fo1
4086  * ├── merge
4087  * │   └── data
4088  * │       ├── dl1
4089  * │       │   └── fl2
4090  * │       ├── do1
4091  * │       │   ├── fl3
4092  * │       │   ├── fo2
4093  * │       │   └── fu3
4094  * │       ├── du1
4095  * │       │   └── fu2
4096  * │       ├── fl1
4097  * │       ├── fo1
4098  * │       └── fu1
4099  * └── upper
4100  *     ├── data
4101  *     │   ├── do1
4102  *     │   │   ├── fo2
4103  *     │   │   └── fu3
4104  *     │   ├── du1
4105  *     │   │   └── fu2
4106  *     │   ├── fo1
4107  *     │   └── fu1
4108  *     └── work
4109  *         └── work
4110  */
4111 
4112 FIXTURE(layout2_overlay)
4113 {
4114 	bool skip_test;
4115 };
4116 
4117 FIXTURE_SETUP(layout2_overlay)
4118 {
4119 	if (!supports_filesystem("overlay")) {
4120 		self->skip_test = true;
4121 		SKIP(return, "overlayfs is not supported (setup)");
4122 	}
4123 
4124 	prepare_layout(_metadata);
4125 
4126 	create_directory(_metadata, LOWER_BASE);
4127 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4128 	/* Creates tmpfs mount points to get deterministic overlayfs. */
4129 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mount_opt(&mnt_tmp, LOWER_BASE));
4130 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4131 	create_file(_metadata, lower_fl1);
4132 	create_file(_metadata, lower_dl1_fl2);
4133 	create_file(_metadata, lower_fo1);
4134 	create_file(_metadata, lower_do1_fo2);
4135 	create_file(_metadata, lower_do1_fl3);
4136 
4137 	create_directory(_metadata, UPPER_BASE);
4138 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4139 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mount_opt(&mnt_tmp, UPPER_BASE));
4140 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4141 	create_file(_metadata, upper_fu1);
4142 	create_file(_metadata, upper_du1_fu2);
4143 	create_file(_metadata, upper_fo1);
4144 	create_file(_metadata, upper_do1_fo2);
4145 	create_file(_metadata, upper_do1_fu3);
4146 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mkdir(UPPER_WORK, 0700));
4147 
4148 	create_directory(_metadata, MERGE_DATA);
4149 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4150 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
4151 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mount("overlay", MERGE_DATA, "overlay", 0,
4152 			   "lowerdir=" LOWER_DATA ",upperdir=" UPPER_DATA
4153 			   ",workdir=" UPPER_WORK));
4154 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
4155 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4156 }
4157 
4158 FIXTURE_TEARDOWN(layout2_overlay)
4159 {
4160 	if (self->skip_test)
4161 		SKIP(return, "overlayfs is not supported (teardown)");
4162 
4163 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(lower_do1_fl3));
4164 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(lower_dl1_fl2));
4165 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(lower_fl1));
4166 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(lower_do1_fo2));
4167 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(lower_fo1));
4168 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4169 	EXPECT_EQ(0, umount(LOWER_BASE));
4170 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4171 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(LOWER_BASE));
4172 
4173 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(upper_do1_fu3));
4174 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(upper_du1_fu2));
4175 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(upper_fu1));
4176 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(upper_do1_fo2));
4177 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(upper_fo1));
4178 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(UPPER_WORK "/work"));
4179 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4180 	EXPECT_EQ(0, umount(UPPER_BASE));
4181 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4182 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(UPPER_BASE));
4183 
4184 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4185 	EXPECT_EQ(0, umount(MERGE_DATA));
4186 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4187 	EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(MERGE_DATA));
4188 
4189 	cleanup_layout(_metadata);
4190 }
4191 
4192 TEST_F_FORK(layout2_overlay, no_restriction)
4193 {
4194 	if (self->skip_test)
4195 		SKIP(return, "overlayfs is not supported (test)");
4196 
4197 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(lower_fl1, O_RDONLY));
4198 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(lower_dl1, O_RDONLY));
4199 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(lower_dl1_fl2, O_RDONLY));
4200 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(lower_fo1, O_RDONLY));
4201 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(lower_do1, O_RDONLY));
4202 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(lower_do1_fo2, O_RDONLY));
4203 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(lower_do1_fl3, O_RDONLY));
4204 
4205 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(upper_fu1, O_RDONLY));
4206 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(upper_du1, O_RDONLY));
4207 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(upper_du1_fu2, O_RDONLY));
4208 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(upper_fo1, O_RDONLY));
4209 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(upper_do1, O_RDONLY));
4210 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(upper_do1_fo2, O_RDONLY));
4211 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(upper_do1_fu3, O_RDONLY));
4212 
4213 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_fl1, O_RDONLY));
4214 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_dl1, O_RDONLY));
4215 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_dl1_fl2, O_RDONLY));
4216 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_fu1, O_RDONLY));
4217 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_du1, O_RDONLY));
4218 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_du1_fu2, O_RDONLY));
4219 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_fo1, O_RDONLY));
4220 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_do1, O_RDONLY));
4221 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_do1_fo2, O_RDONLY));
4222 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_do1_fl3, O_RDONLY));
4223 	ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(merge_do1_fu3, O_RDONLY));
4224 }
4225 
4226 #define for_each_path(path_list, path_entry, i)               \
4227 	for (i = 0, path_entry = *path_list[i]; path_list[i]; \
4228 	     path_entry = *path_list[++i])
4229 
4230 TEST_F_FORK(layout2_overlay, same_content_different_file)
4231 {
4232 	/* Sets access right on parent directories of both layers. */
4233 	const struct rule layer1_base[] = {
4234 		{
4235 			.path = LOWER_BASE,
4236 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4237 		},
4238 		{
4239 			.path = UPPER_BASE,
4240 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4241 		},
4242 		{
4243 			.path = MERGE_BASE,
4244 			.access = ACCESS_RW,
4245 		},
4246 		{},
4247 	};
4248 	const struct rule layer2_data[] = {
4249 		{
4250 			.path = LOWER_DATA,
4251 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4252 		},
4253 		{
4254 			.path = UPPER_DATA,
4255 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4256 		},
4257 		{
4258 			.path = MERGE_DATA,
4259 			.access = ACCESS_RW,
4260 		},
4261 		{},
4262 	};
4263 	/* Sets access right on directories inside both layers. */
4264 	const struct rule layer3_subdirs[] = {
4265 		{
4266 			.path = lower_dl1,
4267 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4268 		},
4269 		{
4270 			.path = lower_do1,
4271 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4272 		},
4273 		{
4274 			.path = upper_du1,
4275 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4276 		},
4277 		{
4278 			.path = upper_do1,
4279 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4280 		},
4281 		{
4282 			.path = merge_dl1,
4283 			.access = ACCESS_RW,
4284 		},
4285 		{
4286 			.path = merge_du1,
4287 			.access = ACCESS_RW,
4288 		},
4289 		{
4290 			.path = merge_do1,
4291 			.access = ACCESS_RW,
4292 		},
4293 		{},
4294 	};
4295 	/* Tighten access rights to the files. */
4296 	const struct rule layer4_files[] = {
4297 		{
4298 			.path = lower_dl1_fl2,
4299 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4300 		},
4301 		{
4302 			.path = lower_do1_fo2,
4303 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4304 		},
4305 		{
4306 			.path = lower_do1_fl3,
4307 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4308 		},
4309 		{
4310 			.path = upper_du1_fu2,
4311 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4312 		},
4313 		{
4314 			.path = upper_do1_fo2,
4315 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4316 		},
4317 		{
4318 			.path = upper_do1_fu3,
4319 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4320 		},
4321 		{
4322 			.path = merge_dl1_fl2,
4323 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
4324 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
4325 		},
4326 		{
4327 			.path = merge_du1_fu2,
4328 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
4329 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
4330 		},
4331 		{
4332 			.path = merge_do1_fo2,
4333 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
4334 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
4335 		},
4336 		{
4337 			.path = merge_do1_fl3,
4338 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
4339 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
4340 		},
4341 		{
4342 			.path = merge_do1_fu3,
4343 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
4344 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
4345 		},
4346 		{},
4347 	};
4348 	const struct rule layer5_merge_only[] = {
4349 		{
4350 			.path = MERGE_DATA,
4351 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE |
4352 				  LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE,
4353 		},
4354 		{},
4355 	};
4356 	int ruleset_fd;
4357 	size_t i;
4358 	const char *path_entry;
4359 
4360 	if (self->skip_test)
4361 		SKIP(return, "overlayfs is not supported (test)");
4362 
4363 	/* Sets rules on base directories (i.e. outside overlay scope). */
4364 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer1_base);
4365 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
4366 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
4367 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
4368 
4369 	/* Checks lower layer. */
4370 	for_each_path(lower_base_files, path_entry, i) {
4371 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY));
4372 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_WRONLY));
4373 	}
4374 	for_each_path(lower_base_directories, path_entry, i) {
4375 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES,
4376 			  test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
4377 	}
4378 	for_each_path(lower_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4379 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY));
4380 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_WRONLY));
4381 	}
4382 	/* Checks upper layer. */
4383 	for_each_path(upper_base_files, path_entry, i) {
4384 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY));
4385 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_WRONLY));
4386 	}
4387 	for_each_path(upper_base_directories, path_entry, i) {
4388 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES,
4389 			  test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
4390 	}
4391 	for_each_path(upper_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4392 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY));
4393 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_WRONLY));
4394 	}
4395 	/*
4396 	 * Checks that access rights are independent from the lower and upper
4397 	 * layers: write access to upper files viewed through the merge point
4398 	 * is still allowed, and write access to lower file viewed (and copied)
4399 	 * through the merge point is still allowed.
4400 	 */
4401 	for_each_path(merge_base_files, path_entry, i) {
4402 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDWR));
4403 	}
4404 	for_each_path(merge_base_directories, path_entry, i) {
4405 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
4406 	}
4407 	for_each_path(merge_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4408 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDWR));
4409 	}
4410 
4411 	/* Sets rules on data directories (i.e. inside overlay scope). */
4412 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer2_data);
4413 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
4414 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
4415 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
4416 
4417 	/* Checks merge. */
4418 	for_each_path(merge_base_files, path_entry, i) {
4419 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDWR));
4420 	}
4421 	for_each_path(merge_base_directories, path_entry, i) {
4422 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
4423 	}
4424 	for_each_path(merge_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4425 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDWR));
4426 	}
4427 
4428 	/* Same checks with tighter rules. */
4429 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer3_subdirs);
4430 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
4431 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
4432 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
4433 
4434 	/* Checks changes for lower layer. */
4435 	for_each_path(lower_base_files, path_entry, i) {
4436 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY));
4437 	}
4438 	/* Checks changes for upper layer. */
4439 	for_each_path(upper_base_files, path_entry, i) {
4440 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY));
4441 	}
4442 	/* Checks all merge accesses. */
4443 	for_each_path(merge_base_files, path_entry, i) {
4444 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_RDWR));
4445 	}
4446 	for_each_path(merge_base_directories, path_entry, i) {
4447 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
4448 	}
4449 	for_each_path(merge_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4450 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDWR));
4451 	}
4452 
4453 	/* Sets rules directly on overlayed files. */
4454 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer4_files);
4455 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
4456 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
4457 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
4458 
4459 	/* Checks unchanged accesses on lower layer. */
4460 	for_each_path(lower_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4461 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY));
4462 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_WRONLY));
4463 	}
4464 	/* Checks unchanged accesses on upper layer. */
4465 	for_each_path(upper_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4466 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY));
4467 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_WRONLY));
4468 	}
4469 	/* Checks all merge accesses. */
4470 	for_each_path(merge_base_files, path_entry, i) {
4471 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_RDWR));
4472 	}
4473 	for_each_path(merge_base_directories, path_entry, i) {
4474 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES,
4475 			  test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
4476 	}
4477 	for_each_path(merge_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4478 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDWR));
4479 	}
4480 
4481 	/* Only allowes access to the merge hierarchy. */
4482 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, ACCESS_RW, layer5_merge_only);
4483 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
4484 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
4485 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
4486 
4487 	/* Checks new accesses on lower layer. */
4488 	for_each_path(lower_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4489 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY));
4490 	}
4491 	/* Checks new accesses on upper layer. */
4492 	for_each_path(upper_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4493 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY));
4494 	}
4495 	/* Checks all merge accesses. */
4496 	for_each_path(merge_base_files, path_entry, i) {
4497 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(path_entry, O_RDWR));
4498 	}
4499 	for_each_path(merge_base_directories, path_entry, i) {
4500 		ASSERT_EQ(EACCES,
4501 			  test_open(path_entry, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY));
4502 	}
4503 	for_each_path(merge_sub_files, path_entry, i) {
4504 		ASSERT_EQ(0, test_open(path_entry, O_RDWR));
4505 	}
4506 }
4507 
4508 FIXTURE(layout3_fs)
4509 {
4510 	bool has_created_dir;
4511 	bool has_created_file;
4512 	char *dir_path;
4513 	bool skip_test;
4514 };
4515 
4516 FIXTURE_VARIANT(layout3_fs)
4517 {
4518 	const struct mnt_opt mnt;
4519 	const char *const file_path;
4520 	unsigned int cwd_fs_magic;
4521 };
4522 
4523 /* clang-format off */
4524 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(layout3_fs, tmpfs) {
4525 	/* clang-format on */
4526 	.mnt = mnt_tmp,
4527 	.file_path = file1_s1d1,
4528 };
4529 
4530 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(layout3_fs, ramfs) {
4531 	.mnt = {
4532 		.type = "ramfs",
4533 		.data = "mode=700",
4534 	},
4535 	.file_path = TMP_DIR "/dir/file",
4536 };
4537 
4538 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(layout3_fs, cgroup2) {
4539 	.mnt = {
4540 		.type = "cgroup2",
4541 	},
4542 	.file_path = TMP_DIR "/test/cgroup.procs",
4543 };
4544 
4545 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(layout3_fs, proc) {
4546 	.mnt = {
4547 		.type = "proc",
4548 	},
4549 	.file_path = TMP_DIR "/self/status",
4550 };
4551 
4552 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(layout3_fs, sysfs) {
4553 	.mnt = {
4554 		.type = "sysfs",
4555 	},
4556 	.file_path = TMP_DIR "/kernel/notes",
4557 };
4558 
4559 FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(layout3_fs, hostfs) {
4560 	.mnt = {
4561 		.source = TMP_DIR,
4562 		.flags = MS_BIND,
4563 	},
4564 	.file_path = TMP_DIR "/dir/file",
4565 	.cwd_fs_magic = HOSTFS_SUPER_MAGIC,
4566 };
4567 
4568 FIXTURE_SETUP(layout3_fs)
4569 {
4570 	struct stat statbuf;
4571 	const char *slash;
4572 	size_t dir_len;
4573 
4574 	if (!supports_filesystem(variant->mnt.type) ||
4575 	    !cwd_matches_fs(variant->cwd_fs_magic)) {
4576 		self->skip_test = true;
4577 		SKIP(return, "this filesystem is not supported (setup)");
4578 	}
4579 
4580 	slash = strrchr(variant->file_path, '/');
4581 	ASSERT_NE(slash, NULL);
4582 	dir_len = (size_t)slash - (size_t)variant->file_path;
4583 	ASSERT_LT(0, dir_len);
4584 	self->dir_path = malloc(dir_len + 1);
4585 	self->dir_path[dir_len] = '\0';
4586 	strncpy(self->dir_path, variant->file_path, dir_len);
4587 
4588 	prepare_layout_opt(_metadata, &variant->mnt);
4589 
4590 	/* Creates directory when required. */
4591 	if (stat(self->dir_path, &statbuf)) {
4592 		set_cap(_metadata, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
4593 		EXPECT_EQ(0, mkdir(self->dir_path, 0700))
4594 		{
4595 			TH_LOG("Failed to create directory \"%s\": %s",
4596 			       self->dir_path, strerror(errno));
4597 			free(self->dir_path);
4598 			self->dir_path = NULL;
4599 		}
4600 		self->has_created_dir = true;
4601 		clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
4602 	}
4603 
4604 	/* Creates file when required. */
4605 	if (stat(variant->file_path, &statbuf)) {
4606 		int fd;
4607 
4608 		set_cap(_metadata, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
4609 		fd = creat(variant->file_path, 0600);
4610 		EXPECT_LE(0, fd)
4611 		{
4612 			TH_LOG("Failed to create file \"%s\": %s",
4613 			       variant->file_path, strerror(errno));
4614 		}
4615 		EXPECT_EQ(0, close(fd));
4616 		self->has_created_file = true;
4617 		clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
4618 	}
4619 }
4620 
4621 FIXTURE_TEARDOWN(layout3_fs)
4622 {
4623 	if (self->skip_test)
4624 		SKIP(return, "this filesystem is not supported (teardown)");
4625 
4626 	if (self->has_created_file) {
4627 		set_cap(_metadata, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
4628 		/*
4629 		 * Don't check for error because the file might already
4630 		 * have been removed (cf. release_inode test).
4631 		 */
4632 		unlink(variant->file_path);
4633 		clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
4634 	}
4635 
4636 	if (self->has_created_dir) {
4637 		set_cap(_metadata, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
4638 		/*
4639 		 * Don't check for error because the directory might already
4640 		 * have been removed (cf. release_inode test).
4641 		 */
4642 		rmdir(self->dir_path);
4643 		clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
4644 	}
4645 	free(self->dir_path);
4646 	self->dir_path = NULL;
4647 
4648 	cleanup_layout(_metadata);
4649 }
4650 
4651 static void layer3_fs_tag_inode(struct __test_metadata *const _metadata,
4652 				FIXTURE_DATA(layout3_fs) * self,
4653 				const FIXTURE_VARIANT(layout3_fs) * variant,
4654 				const char *const rule_path)
4655 {
4656 	const struct rule layer1_allow_read_file[] = {
4657 		{
4658 			.path = rule_path,
4659 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4660 		},
4661 		{},
4662 	};
4663 	const struct landlock_ruleset_attr layer2_deny_everything_attr = {
4664 		.handled_access_fs = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4665 	};
4666 	const char *const dev_null_path = "/dev/null";
4667 	int ruleset_fd;
4668 
4669 	if (self->skip_test)
4670 		SKIP(return, "this filesystem is not supported (test)");
4671 
4672 	/* Checks without Landlock. */
4673 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_open(dev_null_path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
4674 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_open(variant->file_path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
4675 
4676 	ruleset_fd = create_ruleset(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_FILE,
4677 				    layer1_allow_read_file);
4678 	EXPECT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
4679 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
4680 	EXPECT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
4681 
4682 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dev_null_path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
4683 	EXPECT_EQ(0, test_open(variant->file_path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
4684 
4685 	/* Forbids directory reading. */
4686 	ruleset_fd =
4687 		landlock_create_ruleset(&layer2_deny_everything_attr,
4688 					sizeof(layer2_deny_everything_attr), 0);
4689 	EXPECT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
4690 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
4691 	EXPECT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
4692 
4693 	/* Checks with Landlock and forbidden access. */
4694 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(dev_null_path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
4695 	EXPECT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(variant->file_path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
4696 }
4697 
4698 /* Matrix of tests to check file hierarchy evaluation. */
4699 
4700 TEST_F_FORK(layout3_fs, tag_inode_dir_parent)
4701 {
4702 	/* The current directory must not be the root for this test. */
4703 	layer3_fs_tag_inode(_metadata, self, variant, ".");
4704 }
4705 
4706 TEST_F_FORK(layout3_fs, tag_inode_dir_mnt)
4707 {
4708 	layer3_fs_tag_inode(_metadata, self, variant, TMP_DIR);
4709 }
4710 
4711 TEST_F_FORK(layout3_fs, tag_inode_dir_child)
4712 {
4713 	layer3_fs_tag_inode(_metadata, self, variant, self->dir_path);
4714 }
4715 
4716 TEST_F_FORK(layout3_fs, tag_inode_file)
4717 {
4718 	layer3_fs_tag_inode(_metadata, self, variant, variant->file_path);
4719 }
4720 
4721 /* Light version of layout1.release_inodes */
4722 TEST_F_FORK(layout3_fs, release_inodes)
4723 {
4724 	const struct rule layer1[] = {
4725 		{
4726 			.path = TMP_DIR,
4727 			.access = LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_DIR,
4728 		},
4729 		{},
4730 	};
4731 	int ruleset_fd;
4732 
4733 	if (self->skip_test)
4734 		SKIP(return, "this filesystem is not supported (test)");
4735 
4736 	/* Clean up for the teardown to not fail. */
4737 	if (self->has_created_file)
4738 		EXPECT_EQ(0, remove_path(variant->file_path));
4739 
4740 	if (self->has_created_dir)
4741 		/* Don't check for error because of cgroup specificities. */
4742 		remove_path(self->dir_path);
4743 
4744 	ruleset_fd =
4745 		create_ruleset(_metadata, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_DIR, layer1);
4746 	ASSERT_LE(0, ruleset_fd);
4747 
4748 	/* Unmount the filesystem while it is being used by a ruleset. */
4749 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4750 	ASSERT_EQ(0, umount(TMP_DIR));
4751 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4752 
4753 	/* Replaces with a new mount point to simplify FIXTURE_TEARDOWN. */
4754 	set_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4755 	ASSERT_EQ(0, mount_opt(&mnt_tmp, TMP_DIR));
4756 	clear_cap(_metadata, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
4757 
4758 	enforce_ruleset(_metadata, ruleset_fd);
4759 	ASSERT_EQ(0, close(ruleset_fd));
4760 
4761 	/* Checks that access to the new mount point is denied. */
4762 	ASSERT_EQ(EACCES, test_open(TMP_DIR, O_RDONLY));
4763 }
4764 
4765 TEST_HARNESS_MAIN
4766