1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Test for x86 KVM_CAP_SYNC_REGS
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2018, Google LLC.
6  *
7  * Verifies expected behavior of x86 KVM_CAP_SYNC_REGS functionality,
8  * including requesting an invalid register set, updates to/from values
9  * in kvm_run.s.regs when kvm_valid_regs and kvm_dirty_regs are toggled.
10  */
11 
12 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for program_invocation_short_name */
13 #include <fcntl.h>
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <stdlib.h>
16 #include <string.h>
17 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
18 #include <pthread.h>
19 
20 #include "test_util.h"
21 #include "kvm_util.h"
22 #include "processor.h"
23 
24 #define UCALL_PIO_PORT ((uint16_t)0x1000)
25 
26 struct ucall uc_none = {
27 	.cmd = UCALL_NONE,
28 };
29 
30 /*
31  * ucall is embedded here to protect against compiler reshuffling registers
32  * before calling a function. In this test we only need to get KVM_EXIT_IO
33  * vmexit and preserve RBX, no additional information is needed.
34  */
35 void guest_code(void)
36 {
37 	asm volatile("1: in %[port], %%al\n"
38 		     "add $0x1, %%rbx\n"
39 		     "jmp 1b"
40 		     : : [port] "d" (UCALL_PIO_PORT), "D" (&uc_none)
41 		     : "rax", "rbx");
42 }
43 
44 static void compare_regs(struct kvm_regs *left, struct kvm_regs *right)
45 {
46 #define REG_COMPARE(reg) \
47 	TEST_ASSERT(left->reg == right->reg, \
48 		    "Register " #reg \
49 		    " values did not match: 0x%llx, 0x%llx\n", \
50 		    left->reg, right->reg)
51 	REG_COMPARE(rax);
52 	REG_COMPARE(rbx);
53 	REG_COMPARE(rcx);
54 	REG_COMPARE(rdx);
55 	REG_COMPARE(rsi);
56 	REG_COMPARE(rdi);
57 	REG_COMPARE(rsp);
58 	REG_COMPARE(rbp);
59 	REG_COMPARE(r8);
60 	REG_COMPARE(r9);
61 	REG_COMPARE(r10);
62 	REG_COMPARE(r11);
63 	REG_COMPARE(r12);
64 	REG_COMPARE(r13);
65 	REG_COMPARE(r14);
66 	REG_COMPARE(r15);
67 	REG_COMPARE(rip);
68 	REG_COMPARE(rflags);
69 #undef REG_COMPARE
70 }
71 
72 static void compare_sregs(struct kvm_sregs *left, struct kvm_sregs *right)
73 {
74 }
75 
76 static void compare_vcpu_events(struct kvm_vcpu_events *left,
77 				struct kvm_vcpu_events *right)
78 {
79 }
80 
81 #define TEST_SYNC_FIELDS   (KVM_SYNC_X86_REGS|KVM_SYNC_X86_SREGS|KVM_SYNC_X86_EVENTS)
82 #define INVALID_SYNC_FIELD 0x80000000
83 
84 /*
85  * Set an exception as pending *and* injected while KVM is processing events.
86  * KVM is supposed to ignore/drop pending exceptions if userspace is also
87  * requesting that an exception be injected.
88  */
89 static void *race_events_inj_pen(void *arg)
90 {
91 	struct kvm_run *run = (struct kvm_run *)arg;
92 	struct kvm_vcpu_events *events = &run->s.regs.events;
93 
94 	WRITE_ONCE(events->exception.nr, UD_VECTOR);
95 
96 	for (;;) {
97 		WRITE_ONCE(run->kvm_dirty_regs, KVM_SYNC_X86_EVENTS);
98 		WRITE_ONCE(events->flags, 0);
99 		WRITE_ONCE(events->exception.injected, 1);
100 		WRITE_ONCE(events->exception.pending, 1);
101 
102 		pthread_testcancel();
103 	}
104 
105 	return NULL;
106 }
107 
108 /*
109  * Set an invalid exception vector while KVM is processing events.  KVM is
110  * supposed to reject any vector >= 32, as well as NMIs (vector 2).
111  */
112 static void *race_events_exc(void *arg)
113 {
114 	struct kvm_run *run = (struct kvm_run *)arg;
115 	struct kvm_vcpu_events *events = &run->s.regs.events;
116 
117 	for (;;) {
118 		WRITE_ONCE(run->kvm_dirty_regs, KVM_SYNC_X86_EVENTS);
119 		WRITE_ONCE(events->flags, 0);
120 		WRITE_ONCE(events->exception.nr, UD_VECTOR);
121 		WRITE_ONCE(events->exception.pending, 1);
122 		WRITE_ONCE(events->exception.nr, 255);
123 
124 		pthread_testcancel();
125 	}
126 
127 	return NULL;
128 }
129 
130 /*
131  * Toggle CR4.PAE while KVM is processing SREGS, EFER.LME=1 with CR4.PAE=0 is
132  * illegal, and KVM's MMU heavily relies on vCPU state being valid.
133  */
134 static noinline void *race_sregs_cr4(void *arg)
135 {
136 	struct kvm_run *run = (struct kvm_run *)arg;
137 	__u64 *cr4 = &run->s.regs.sregs.cr4;
138 	__u64 pae_enabled = *cr4;
139 	__u64 pae_disabled = *cr4 & ~X86_CR4_PAE;
140 
141 	for (;;) {
142 		WRITE_ONCE(run->kvm_dirty_regs, KVM_SYNC_X86_SREGS);
143 		WRITE_ONCE(*cr4, pae_enabled);
144 		asm volatile(".rept 512\n\t"
145 			     "nop\n\t"
146 			     ".endr");
147 		WRITE_ONCE(*cr4, pae_disabled);
148 
149 		pthread_testcancel();
150 	}
151 
152 	return NULL;
153 }
154 
155 static void race_sync_regs(void *racer)
156 {
157 	const time_t TIMEOUT = 2; /* seconds, roughly */
158 	struct kvm_x86_state *state;
159 	struct kvm_translation tr;
160 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
161 	struct kvm_run *run;
162 	struct kvm_vm *vm;
163 	pthread_t thread;
164 	time_t t;
165 
166 	vm = vm_create_with_one_vcpu(&vcpu, guest_code);
167 	run = vcpu->run;
168 
169 	run->kvm_valid_regs = KVM_SYNC_X86_SREGS;
170 	vcpu_run(vcpu);
171 	run->kvm_valid_regs = 0;
172 
173 	/* Save state *before* spawning the thread that mucks with vCPU state. */
174 	state = vcpu_save_state(vcpu);
175 
176 	/*
177 	 * Selftests run 64-bit guests by default, both EFER.LME and CR4.PAE
178 	 * should already be set in guest state.
179 	 */
180 	TEST_ASSERT((run->s.regs.sregs.cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE) &&
181 		    (run->s.regs.sregs.efer & EFER_LME),
182 		    "vCPU should be in long mode, CR4.PAE=%d, EFER.LME=%d",
183 		    !!(run->s.regs.sregs.cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE),
184 		    !!(run->s.regs.sregs.efer & EFER_LME));
185 
186 	TEST_ASSERT_EQ(pthread_create(&thread, NULL, racer, (void *)run), 0);
187 
188 	for (t = time(NULL) + TIMEOUT; time(NULL) < t;) {
189 		/*
190 		 * Reload known good state if the vCPU triple faults, e.g. due
191 		 * to the unhandled #GPs being injected.  VMX preserves state
192 		 * on shutdown, but SVM synthesizes an INIT as the VMCB state
193 		 * is architecturally undefined on triple fault.
194 		 */
195 		if (!__vcpu_run(vcpu) && run->exit_reason == KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN)
196 			vcpu_load_state(vcpu, state);
197 
198 		if (racer == race_sregs_cr4) {
199 			tr = (struct kvm_translation) { .linear_address = 0 };
200 			__vcpu_ioctl(vcpu, KVM_TRANSLATE, &tr);
201 		}
202 	}
203 
204 	TEST_ASSERT_EQ(pthread_cancel(thread), 0);
205 	TEST_ASSERT_EQ(pthread_join(thread, NULL), 0);
206 
207 	kvm_x86_state_cleanup(state);
208 	kvm_vm_free(vm);
209 }
210 
211 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
212 {
213 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
214 	struct kvm_vm *vm;
215 	struct kvm_run *run;
216 	struct kvm_regs regs;
217 	struct kvm_sregs sregs;
218 	struct kvm_vcpu_events events;
219 	int rv, cap;
220 
221 	cap = kvm_check_cap(KVM_CAP_SYNC_REGS);
222 	TEST_REQUIRE((cap & TEST_SYNC_FIELDS) == TEST_SYNC_FIELDS);
223 	TEST_REQUIRE(!(cap & INVALID_SYNC_FIELD));
224 
225 	vm = vm_create_with_one_vcpu(&vcpu, guest_code);
226 
227 	run = vcpu->run;
228 
229 	/* Request reading invalid register set from VCPU. */
230 	run->kvm_valid_regs = INVALID_SYNC_FIELD;
231 	rv = _vcpu_run(vcpu);
232 	TEST_ASSERT(rv < 0 && errno == EINVAL,
233 		    "Invalid kvm_valid_regs did not cause expected KVM_RUN error: %d\n",
234 		    rv);
235 	run->kvm_valid_regs = 0;
236 
237 	run->kvm_valid_regs = INVALID_SYNC_FIELD | TEST_SYNC_FIELDS;
238 	rv = _vcpu_run(vcpu);
239 	TEST_ASSERT(rv < 0 && errno == EINVAL,
240 		    "Invalid kvm_valid_regs did not cause expected KVM_RUN error: %d\n",
241 		    rv);
242 	run->kvm_valid_regs = 0;
243 
244 	/* Request setting invalid register set into VCPU. */
245 	run->kvm_dirty_regs = INVALID_SYNC_FIELD;
246 	rv = _vcpu_run(vcpu);
247 	TEST_ASSERT(rv < 0 && errno == EINVAL,
248 		    "Invalid kvm_dirty_regs did not cause expected KVM_RUN error: %d\n",
249 		    rv);
250 	run->kvm_dirty_regs = 0;
251 
252 	run->kvm_dirty_regs = INVALID_SYNC_FIELD | TEST_SYNC_FIELDS;
253 	rv = _vcpu_run(vcpu);
254 	TEST_ASSERT(rv < 0 && errno == EINVAL,
255 		    "Invalid kvm_dirty_regs did not cause expected KVM_RUN error: %d\n",
256 		    rv);
257 	run->kvm_dirty_regs = 0;
258 
259 	/* Request and verify all valid register sets. */
260 	/* TODO: BUILD TIME CHECK: TEST_ASSERT(KVM_SYNC_X86_NUM_FIELDS != 3); */
261 	run->kvm_valid_regs = TEST_SYNC_FIELDS;
262 	rv = _vcpu_run(vcpu);
263 	TEST_ASSERT_KVM_EXIT_REASON(vcpu, KVM_EXIT_IO);
264 
265 	vcpu_regs_get(vcpu, &regs);
266 	compare_regs(&regs, &run->s.regs.regs);
267 
268 	vcpu_sregs_get(vcpu, &sregs);
269 	compare_sregs(&sregs, &run->s.regs.sregs);
270 
271 	vcpu_events_get(vcpu, &events);
272 	compare_vcpu_events(&events, &run->s.regs.events);
273 
274 	/* Set and verify various register values. */
275 	run->s.regs.regs.rbx = 0xBAD1DEA;
276 	run->s.regs.sregs.apic_base = 1 << 11;
277 	/* TODO run->s.regs.events.XYZ = ABC; */
278 
279 	run->kvm_valid_regs = TEST_SYNC_FIELDS;
280 	run->kvm_dirty_regs = KVM_SYNC_X86_REGS | KVM_SYNC_X86_SREGS;
281 	rv = _vcpu_run(vcpu);
282 	TEST_ASSERT_KVM_EXIT_REASON(vcpu, KVM_EXIT_IO);
283 	TEST_ASSERT(run->s.regs.regs.rbx == 0xBAD1DEA + 1,
284 		    "rbx sync regs value incorrect 0x%llx.",
285 		    run->s.regs.regs.rbx);
286 	TEST_ASSERT(run->s.regs.sregs.apic_base == 1 << 11,
287 		    "apic_base sync regs value incorrect 0x%llx.",
288 		    run->s.regs.sregs.apic_base);
289 
290 	vcpu_regs_get(vcpu, &regs);
291 	compare_regs(&regs, &run->s.regs.regs);
292 
293 	vcpu_sregs_get(vcpu, &sregs);
294 	compare_sregs(&sregs, &run->s.regs.sregs);
295 
296 	vcpu_events_get(vcpu, &events);
297 	compare_vcpu_events(&events, &run->s.regs.events);
298 
299 	/* Clear kvm_dirty_regs bits, verify new s.regs values are
300 	 * overwritten with existing guest values.
301 	 */
302 	run->kvm_valid_regs = TEST_SYNC_FIELDS;
303 	run->kvm_dirty_regs = 0;
304 	run->s.regs.regs.rbx = 0xDEADBEEF;
305 	rv = _vcpu_run(vcpu);
306 	TEST_ASSERT_KVM_EXIT_REASON(vcpu, KVM_EXIT_IO);
307 	TEST_ASSERT(run->s.regs.regs.rbx != 0xDEADBEEF,
308 		    "rbx sync regs value incorrect 0x%llx.",
309 		    run->s.regs.regs.rbx);
310 
311 	/* Clear kvm_valid_regs bits and kvm_dirty_bits.
312 	 * Verify s.regs values are not overwritten with existing guest values
313 	 * and that guest values are not overwritten with kvm_sync_regs values.
314 	 */
315 	run->kvm_valid_regs = 0;
316 	run->kvm_dirty_regs = 0;
317 	run->s.regs.regs.rbx = 0xAAAA;
318 	regs.rbx = 0xBAC0;
319 	vcpu_regs_set(vcpu, &regs);
320 	rv = _vcpu_run(vcpu);
321 	TEST_ASSERT_KVM_EXIT_REASON(vcpu, KVM_EXIT_IO);
322 	TEST_ASSERT(run->s.regs.regs.rbx == 0xAAAA,
323 		    "rbx sync regs value incorrect 0x%llx.",
324 		    run->s.regs.regs.rbx);
325 	vcpu_regs_get(vcpu, &regs);
326 	TEST_ASSERT(regs.rbx == 0xBAC0 + 1,
327 		    "rbx guest value incorrect 0x%llx.",
328 		    regs.rbx);
329 
330 	/* Clear kvm_valid_regs bits. Verify s.regs values are not overwritten
331 	 * with existing guest values but that guest values are overwritten
332 	 * with kvm_sync_regs values.
333 	 */
334 	run->kvm_valid_regs = 0;
335 	run->kvm_dirty_regs = TEST_SYNC_FIELDS;
336 	run->s.regs.regs.rbx = 0xBBBB;
337 	rv = _vcpu_run(vcpu);
338 	TEST_ASSERT_KVM_EXIT_REASON(vcpu, KVM_EXIT_IO);
339 	TEST_ASSERT(run->s.regs.regs.rbx == 0xBBBB,
340 		    "rbx sync regs value incorrect 0x%llx.",
341 		    run->s.regs.regs.rbx);
342 	vcpu_regs_get(vcpu, &regs);
343 	TEST_ASSERT(regs.rbx == 0xBBBB + 1,
344 		    "rbx guest value incorrect 0x%llx.",
345 		    regs.rbx);
346 
347 	kvm_vm_free(vm);
348 
349 	race_sync_regs(race_sregs_cr4);
350 	race_sync_regs(race_events_exc);
351 	race_sync_regs(race_events_inj_pen);
352 
353 	return 0;
354 }
355