1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 // Copyright (C) 2020 ARM Limited
3 
4 #define _GNU_SOURCE
5 
6 #include <sys/auxv.h>
7 #include <sys/types.h>
8 #include <sys/wait.h>
9 #include <signal.h>
10 #include <setjmp.h>
11 #include <sched.h>
12 
13 #include "../../kselftest_harness.h"
14 #include "helper.h"
15 
16 #define PAC_COLLISION_ATTEMPTS 10
17 /*
18  * The kernel sets TBID by default. So bits 55 and above should remain
19  * untouched no matter what.
20  * The VA space size is 48 bits. Bigger is opt-in.
21  */
22 #define PAC_MASK (~0xff80ffffffffffff)
23 #define ARBITRARY_VALUE (0x1234)
24 #define ASSERT_PAUTH_ENABLED() \
25 do { \
26 	unsigned long hwcaps = getauxval(AT_HWCAP); \
27 	/* data key instructions are not in NOP space. This prevents a SIGILL */ \
28 	if (!(hwcaps & HWCAP_PACA))					\
29 		SKIP(return, "PAUTH not enabled"); \
30 } while (0)
31 #define ASSERT_GENERIC_PAUTH_ENABLED() \
32 do { \
33 	unsigned long hwcaps = getauxval(AT_HWCAP); \
34 	/* generic key instructions are not in NOP space. This prevents a SIGILL */ \
35 	if (!(hwcaps & HWCAP_PACG)) \
36 		SKIP(return, "Generic PAUTH not enabled");	\
37 } while (0)
38 
39 void sign_specific(struct signatures *sign, size_t val)
40 {
41 	sign->keyia = keyia_sign(val);
42 	sign->keyib = keyib_sign(val);
43 	sign->keyda = keyda_sign(val);
44 	sign->keydb = keydb_sign(val);
45 }
46 
47 void sign_all(struct signatures *sign, size_t val)
48 {
49 	sign->keyia = keyia_sign(val);
50 	sign->keyib = keyib_sign(val);
51 	sign->keyda = keyda_sign(val);
52 	sign->keydb = keydb_sign(val);
53 	sign->keyg  = keyg_sign(val);
54 }
55 
56 int n_same(struct signatures *old, struct signatures *new, int nkeys)
57 {
58 	int res = 0;
59 
60 	res += old->keyia == new->keyia;
61 	res += old->keyib == new->keyib;
62 	res += old->keyda == new->keyda;
63 	res += old->keydb == new->keydb;
64 	if (nkeys == NKEYS)
65 		res += old->keyg == new->keyg;
66 
67 	return res;
68 }
69 
70 int n_same_single_set(struct signatures *sign, int nkeys)
71 {
72 	size_t vals[nkeys];
73 	int same = 0;
74 
75 	vals[0] = sign->keyia & PAC_MASK;
76 	vals[1] = sign->keyib & PAC_MASK;
77 	vals[2] = sign->keyda & PAC_MASK;
78 	vals[3] = sign->keydb & PAC_MASK;
79 
80 	if (nkeys >= 4)
81 		vals[4] = sign->keyg & PAC_MASK;
82 
83 	for (int i = 0; i < nkeys - 1; i++) {
84 		for (int j = i + 1; j < nkeys; j++) {
85 			if (vals[i] == vals[j])
86 				same += 1;
87 		}
88 	}
89 	return same;
90 }
91 
92 int exec_sign_all(struct signatures *signed_vals, size_t val)
93 {
94 	int new_stdin[2];
95 	int new_stdout[2];
96 	int status;
97 	int i;
98 	ssize_t ret;
99 	pid_t pid;
100 	cpu_set_t mask;
101 
102 	ret = pipe(new_stdin);
103 	if (ret == -1) {
104 		perror("pipe returned error");
105 		return -1;
106 	}
107 
108 	ret = pipe(new_stdout);
109 	if (ret == -1) {
110 		perror("pipe returned error");
111 		return -1;
112 	}
113 
114 	/*
115 	 * pin this process and all its children to a single CPU, so it can also
116 	 * guarantee a context switch with its child
117 	 */
118 	sched_getaffinity(0, sizeof(mask), &mask);
119 
120 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(cpu_set_t); i++)
121 		if (CPU_ISSET(i, &mask))
122 			break;
123 
124 	CPU_ZERO(&mask);
125 	CPU_SET(i, &mask);
126 	sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(mask), &mask);
127 
128 	pid = fork();
129 	// child
130 	if (pid == 0) {
131 		dup2(new_stdin[0], STDIN_FILENO);
132 		if (ret == -1) {
133 			perror("dup2 returned error");
134 			exit(1);
135 		}
136 
137 		dup2(new_stdout[1], STDOUT_FILENO);
138 		if (ret == -1) {
139 			perror("dup2 returned error");
140 			exit(1);
141 		}
142 
143 		close(new_stdin[0]);
144 		close(new_stdin[1]);
145 		close(new_stdout[0]);
146 		close(new_stdout[1]);
147 
148 		ret = execl("exec_target", "exec_target", (char *)NULL);
149 		if (ret == -1) {
150 			perror("exec returned error");
151 			exit(1);
152 		}
153 	}
154 
155 	close(new_stdin[0]);
156 	close(new_stdout[1]);
157 
158 	ret = write(new_stdin[1], &val, sizeof(size_t));
159 	if (ret == -1) {
160 		perror("write returned error");
161 		return -1;
162 	}
163 
164 	/*
165 	 * wait for the worker to finish, so that read() reads all data
166 	 * will also context switch with worker so that this function can be used
167 	 * for context switch tests
168 	 */
169 	waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
170 	if (WIFEXITED(status) == 0) {
171 		fprintf(stderr, "worker exited unexpectedly\n");
172 		return -1;
173 	}
174 	if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
175 		fprintf(stderr, "worker exited with error\n");
176 		return -1;
177 	}
178 
179 	ret = read(new_stdout[0], signed_vals, sizeof(struct signatures));
180 	if (ret == -1) {
181 		perror("read returned error");
182 		return -1;
183 	}
184 
185 	return 0;
186 }
187 
188 sigjmp_buf jmpbuf;
189 void pac_signal_handler(int signum, siginfo_t *si, void *uc)
190 {
191 	if (signum == SIGSEGV || signum == SIGILL)
192 		siglongjmp(jmpbuf, 1);
193 }
194 
195 /* check that a corrupted PAC results in SIGSEGV or SIGILL */
196 TEST(corrupt_pac)
197 {
198 	struct sigaction sa;
199 
200 	ASSERT_PAUTH_ENABLED();
201 	if (sigsetjmp(jmpbuf, 1) == 0) {
202 		sa.sa_sigaction = pac_signal_handler;
203 		sa.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO | SA_RESETHAND;
204 		sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
205 
206 		sigaction(SIGSEGV, &sa, NULL);
207 		sigaction(SIGILL, &sa, NULL);
208 
209 		pac_corruptor();
210 		ASSERT_TRUE(0) TH_LOG("SIGSEGV/SIGILL signal did not occur");
211 	}
212 }
213 
214 /*
215  * There are no separate pac* and aut* controls so checking only the pac*
216  * instructions is sufficient
217  */
218 TEST(pac_instructions_not_nop)
219 {
220 	size_t keyia = 0;
221 	size_t keyib = 0;
222 	size_t keyda = 0;
223 	size_t keydb = 0;
224 
225 	ASSERT_PAUTH_ENABLED();
226 
227 	for (int i = 0; i < PAC_COLLISION_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
228 		keyia |= keyia_sign(i) & PAC_MASK;
229 		keyib |= keyib_sign(i) & PAC_MASK;
230 		keyda |= keyda_sign(i) & PAC_MASK;
231 		keydb |= keydb_sign(i) & PAC_MASK;
232 	}
233 
234 	ASSERT_NE(0, keyia) TH_LOG("keyia instructions did nothing");
235 	ASSERT_NE(0, keyib) TH_LOG("keyib instructions did nothing");
236 	ASSERT_NE(0, keyda) TH_LOG("keyda instructions did nothing");
237 	ASSERT_NE(0, keydb) TH_LOG("keydb instructions did nothing");
238 }
239 
240 TEST(pac_instructions_not_nop_generic)
241 {
242 	size_t keyg = 0;
243 
244 	ASSERT_GENERIC_PAUTH_ENABLED();
245 
246 	for (int i = 0; i < PAC_COLLISION_ATTEMPTS; i++)
247 		keyg |= keyg_sign(i) & PAC_MASK;
248 
249 	ASSERT_NE(0, keyg)  TH_LOG("keyg instructions did nothing");
250 }
251 
252 TEST(single_thread_different_keys)
253 {
254 	int same = 10;
255 	int nkeys = NKEYS;
256 	int tmp;
257 	struct signatures signed_vals;
258 	unsigned long hwcaps = getauxval(AT_HWCAP);
259 
260 	/* generic and data key instructions are not in NOP space. This prevents a SIGILL */
261 	ASSERT_PAUTH_ENABLED();
262 	if (!(hwcaps & HWCAP_PACG)) {
263 		TH_LOG("WARNING: Generic PAUTH not enabled. Skipping generic key checks");
264 		nkeys = NKEYS - 1;
265 	}
266 
267 	/*
268 	 * In Linux the PAC field can be up to 7 bits wide. Even if keys are
269 	 * different, there is about 5% chance for PACs to collide with
270 	 * different addresses. This chance rapidly increases with fewer bits
271 	 * allocated for the PAC (e.g. wider address). A comparison of the keys
272 	 * directly will be more reliable.
273 	 * All signed values need to be different at least once out of n
274 	 * attempts to be certain that the keys are different
275 	 */
276 	for (int i = 0; i < PAC_COLLISION_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
277 		if (nkeys == NKEYS)
278 			sign_all(&signed_vals, i);
279 		else
280 			sign_specific(&signed_vals, i);
281 
282 		tmp = n_same_single_set(&signed_vals, nkeys);
283 		if (tmp < same)
284 			same = tmp;
285 	}
286 
287 	ASSERT_EQ(0, same) TH_LOG("%d keys clashed every time", same);
288 }
289 
290 /*
291  * fork() does not change keys. Only exec() does so call a worker program.
292  * Its only job is to sign a value and report back the resutls
293  */
294 TEST(exec_changed_keys)
295 {
296 	struct signatures new_keys;
297 	struct signatures old_keys;
298 	int ret;
299 	int same = 10;
300 	int nkeys = NKEYS;
301 	unsigned long hwcaps = getauxval(AT_HWCAP);
302 
303 	/* generic and data key instructions are not in NOP space. This prevents a SIGILL */
304 	ASSERT_PAUTH_ENABLED();
305 	if (!(hwcaps & HWCAP_PACG)) {
306 		TH_LOG("WARNING: Generic PAUTH not enabled. Skipping generic key checks");
307 		nkeys = NKEYS - 1;
308 	}
309 
310 	for (int i = 0; i < PAC_COLLISION_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
311 		ret = exec_sign_all(&new_keys, i);
312 		ASSERT_EQ(0, ret) TH_LOG("failed to run worker");
313 
314 		if (nkeys == NKEYS)
315 			sign_all(&old_keys, i);
316 		else
317 			sign_specific(&old_keys, i);
318 
319 		ret = n_same(&old_keys, &new_keys, nkeys);
320 		if (ret < same)
321 			same = ret;
322 	}
323 
324 	ASSERT_EQ(0, same) TH_LOG("exec() did not change %d keys", same);
325 }
326 
327 TEST(context_switch_keep_keys)
328 {
329 	int ret;
330 	struct signatures trash;
331 	struct signatures before;
332 	struct signatures after;
333 
334 	ASSERT_PAUTH_ENABLED();
335 
336 	sign_specific(&before, ARBITRARY_VALUE);
337 
338 	/* will context switch with a process with different keys at least once */
339 	ret = exec_sign_all(&trash, ARBITRARY_VALUE);
340 	ASSERT_EQ(0, ret) TH_LOG("failed to run worker");
341 
342 	sign_specific(&after, ARBITRARY_VALUE);
343 
344 	ASSERT_EQ(before.keyia, after.keyia) TH_LOG("keyia changed after context switching");
345 	ASSERT_EQ(before.keyib, after.keyib) TH_LOG("keyib changed after context switching");
346 	ASSERT_EQ(before.keyda, after.keyda) TH_LOG("keyda changed after context switching");
347 	ASSERT_EQ(before.keydb, after.keydb) TH_LOG("keydb changed after context switching");
348 }
349 
350 TEST(context_switch_keep_keys_generic)
351 {
352 	int ret;
353 	struct signatures trash;
354 	size_t before;
355 	size_t after;
356 
357 	ASSERT_GENERIC_PAUTH_ENABLED();
358 
359 	before = keyg_sign(ARBITRARY_VALUE);
360 
361 	/* will context switch with a process with different keys at least once */
362 	ret = exec_sign_all(&trash, ARBITRARY_VALUE);
363 	ASSERT_EQ(0, ret) TH_LOG("failed to run worker");
364 
365 	after = keyg_sign(ARBITRARY_VALUE);
366 
367 	ASSERT_EQ(before, after) TH_LOG("keyg changed after context switching");
368 }
369 
370 TEST_HARNESS_MAIN
371