1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 
3 #include "util/cgroup.h"
4 #include "util/data.h"
5 #include "util/debug.h"
6 #include "util/dso.h"
7 #include "util/event.h"
8 #include "util/evlist.h"
9 #include "util/machine.h"
10 #include "util/map.h"
11 #include "util/map_symbol.h"
12 #include "util/branch.h"
13 #include "util/memswap.h"
14 #include "util/namespaces.h"
15 #include "util/session.h"
16 #include "util/stat.h"
17 #include "util/symbol.h"
18 #include "util/synthetic-events.h"
19 #include "util/target.h"
20 #include "util/time-utils.h"
21 #include <linux/bitops.h>
22 #include <linux/kernel.h>
23 #include <linux/string.h>
24 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
25 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
26 #include <asm/bug.h>
27 #include <perf/evsel.h>
28 #include <perf/cpumap.h>
29 #include <internal/lib.h> // page_size
30 #include <internal/threadmap.h>
31 #include <perf/threadmap.h>
32 #include <symbol/kallsyms.h>
33 #include <dirent.h>
34 #include <errno.h>
35 #include <inttypes.h>
36 #include <stdio.h>
37 #include <string.h>
38 #include <uapi/linux/mman.h> /* To get things like MAP_HUGETLB even on older libc headers */
39 #include <api/fs/fs.h>
40 #include <api/io.h>
41 #include <sys/types.h>
42 #include <sys/stat.h>
43 #include <fcntl.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 
46 #define DEFAULT_PROC_MAP_PARSE_TIMEOUT 500
47 
48 unsigned int proc_map_timeout = DEFAULT_PROC_MAP_PARSE_TIMEOUT;
49 
50 int perf_tool__process_synth_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
51 				   union perf_event *event,
52 				   struct machine *machine,
53 				   perf_event__handler_t process)
54 {
55 	struct perf_sample synth_sample = {
56 		.pid	   = -1,
57 		.tid	   = -1,
58 		.time	   = -1,
59 		.stream_id = -1,
60 		.cpu	   = -1,
61 		.period	   = 1,
62 		.cpumode   = event->header.misc & PERF_RECORD_MISC_CPUMODE_MASK,
63 	};
64 
65 	return process(tool, event, &synth_sample, machine);
66 };
67 
68 /*
69  * Assumes that the first 4095 bytes of /proc/pid/stat contains
70  * the comm, tgid and ppid.
71  */
72 static int perf_event__get_comm_ids(pid_t pid, pid_t tid, char *comm, size_t len,
73 				    pid_t *tgid, pid_t *ppid, bool *kernel)
74 {
75 	char bf[4096];
76 	int fd;
77 	size_t size = 0;
78 	ssize_t n;
79 	char *name, *tgids, *ppids, *vmpeak, *threads;
80 
81 	*tgid = -1;
82 	*ppid = -1;
83 
84 	if (pid)
85 		snprintf(bf, sizeof(bf), "/proc/%d/task/%d/status", pid, tid);
86 	else
87 		snprintf(bf, sizeof(bf), "/proc/%d/status", tid);
88 
89 	fd = open(bf, O_RDONLY);
90 	if (fd < 0) {
91 		pr_debug("couldn't open %s\n", bf);
92 		return -1;
93 	}
94 
95 	n = read(fd, bf, sizeof(bf) - 1);
96 	close(fd);
97 	if (n <= 0) {
98 		pr_warning("Couldn't get COMM, tigd and ppid for pid %d\n",
99 			   tid);
100 		return -1;
101 	}
102 	bf[n] = '\0';
103 
104 	name = strstr(bf, "Name:");
105 	tgids = strstr(name ?: bf, "Tgid:");
106 	ppids = strstr(tgids ?: bf, "PPid:");
107 	vmpeak = strstr(ppids ?: bf, "VmPeak:");
108 
109 	if (vmpeak)
110 		threads = NULL;
111 	else
112 		threads = strstr(ppids ?: bf, "Threads:");
113 
114 	if (name) {
115 		char *nl;
116 
117 		name = skip_spaces(name + 5);  /* strlen("Name:") */
118 		nl = strchr(name, '\n');
119 		if (nl)
120 			*nl = '\0';
121 
122 		size = strlen(name);
123 		if (size >= len)
124 			size = len - 1;
125 		memcpy(comm, name, size);
126 		comm[size] = '\0';
127 	} else {
128 		pr_debug("Name: string not found for pid %d\n", tid);
129 	}
130 
131 	if (tgids) {
132 		tgids += 5;  /* strlen("Tgid:") */
133 		*tgid = atoi(tgids);
134 	} else {
135 		pr_debug("Tgid: string not found for pid %d\n", tid);
136 	}
137 
138 	if (ppids) {
139 		ppids += 5;  /* strlen("PPid:") */
140 		*ppid = atoi(ppids);
141 	} else {
142 		pr_debug("PPid: string not found for pid %d\n", tid);
143 	}
144 
145 	if (!vmpeak && threads)
146 		*kernel = true;
147 	else
148 		*kernel = false;
149 
150 	return 0;
151 }
152 
153 static int perf_event__prepare_comm(union perf_event *event, pid_t pid, pid_t tid,
154 				    struct machine *machine,
155 				    pid_t *tgid, pid_t *ppid, bool *kernel)
156 {
157 	size_t size;
158 
159 	*ppid = -1;
160 
161 	memset(&event->comm, 0, sizeof(event->comm));
162 
163 	if (machine__is_host(machine)) {
164 		if (perf_event__get_comm_ids(pid, tid, event->comm.comm,
165 					     sizeof(event->comm.comm),
166 					     tgid, ppid, kernel) != 0) {
167 			return -1;
168 		}
169 	} else {
170 		*tgid = machine->pid;
171 	}
172 
173 	if (*tgid < 0)
174 		return -1;
175 
176 	event->comm.pid = *tgid;
177 	event->comm.header.type = PERF_RECORD_COMM;
178 
179 	size = strlen(event->comm.comm) + 1;
180 	size = PERF_ALIGN(size, sizeof(u64));
181 	memset(event->comm.comm + size, 0, machine->id_hdr_size);
182 	event->comm.header.size = (sizeof(event->comm) -
183 				(sizeof(event->comm.comm) - size) +
184 				machine->id_hdr_size);
185 	event->comm.tid = tid;
186 
187 	return 0;
188 }
189 
190 pid_t perf_event__synthesize_comm(struct perf_tool *tool,
191 					 union perf_event *event, pid_t pid,
192 					 perf_event__handler_t process,
193 					 struct machine *machine)
194 {
195 	pid_t tgid, ppid;
196 	bool kernel_thread;
197 
198 	if (perf_event__prepare_comm(event, 0, pid, machine, &tgid, &ppid,
199 				     &kernel_thread) != 0)
200 		return -1;
201 
202 	if (perf_tool__process_synth_event(tool, event, machine, process) != 0)
203 		return -1;
204 
205 	return tgid;
206 }
207 
208 static void perf_event__get_ns_link_info(pid_t pid, const char *ns,
209 					 struct perf_ns_link_info *ns_link_info)
210 {
211 	struct stat64 st;
212 	char proc_ns[128];
213 
214 	sprintf(proc_ns, "/proc/%u/ns/%s", pid, ns);
215 	if (stat64(proc_ns, &st) == 0) {
216 		ns_link_info->dev = st.st_dev;
217 		ns_link_info->ino = st.st_ino;
218 	}
219 }
220 
221 int perf_event__synthesize_namespaces(struct perf_tool *tool,
222 				      union perf_event *event,
223 				      pid_t pid, pid_t tgid,
224 				      perf_event__handler_t process,
225 				      struct machine *machine)
226 {
227 	u32 idx;
228 	struct perf_ns_link_info *ns_link_info;
229 
230 	if (!tool || !tool->namespace_events)
231 		return 0;
232 
233 	memset(&event->namespaces, 0, (sizeof(event->namespaces) +
234 	       (NR_NAMESPACES * sizeof(struct perf_ns_link_info)) +
235 	       machine->id_hdr_size));
236 
237 	event->namespaces.pid = tgid;
238 	event->namespaces.tid = pid;
239 
240 	event->namespaces.nr_namespaces = NR_NAMESPACES;
241 
242 	ns_link_info = event->namespaces.link_info;
243 
244 	for (idx = 0; idx < event->namespaces.nr_namespaces; idx++)
245 		perf_event__get_ns_link_info(pid, perf_ns__name(idx),
246 					     &ns_link_info[idx]);
247 
248 	event->namespaces.header.type = PERF_RECORD_NAMESPACES;
249 
250 	event->namespaces.header.size = (sizeof(event->namespaces) +
251 			(NR_NAMESPACES * sizeof(struct perf_ns_link_info)) +
252 			machine->id_hdr_size);
253 
254 	if (perf_tool__process_synth_event(tool, event, machine, process) != 0)
255 		return -1;
256 
257 	return 0;
258 }
259 
260 static int perf_event__synthesize_fork(struct perf_tool *tool,
261 				       union perf_event *event,
262 				       pid_t pid, pid_t tgid, pid_t ppid,
263 				       perf_event__handler_t process,
264 				       struct machine *machine)
265 {
266 	memset(&event->fork, 0, sizeof(event->fork) + machine->id_hdr_size);
267 
268 	/*
269 	 * for main thread set parent to ppid from status file. For other
270 	 * threads set parent pid to main thread. ie., assume main thread
271 	 * spawns all threads in a process
272 	*/
273 	if (tgid == pid) {
274 		event->fork.ppid = ppid;
275 		event->fork.ptid = ppid;
276 	} else {
277 		event->fork.ppid = tgid;
278 		event->fork.ptid = tgid;
279 	}
280 	event->fork.pid  = tgid;
281 	event->fork.tid  = pid;
282 	event->fork.header.type = PERF_RECORD_FORK;
283 	event->fork.header.misc = PERF_RECORD_MISC_FORK_EXEC;
284 
285 	event->fork.header.size = (sizeof(event->fork) + machine->id_hdr_size);
286 
287 	if (perf_tool__process_synth_event(tool, event, machine, process) != 0)
288 		return -1;
289 
290 	return 0;
291 }
292 
293 static bool read_proc_maps_line(struct io *io, __u64 *start, __u64 *end,
294 				u32 *prot, u32 *flags, __u64 *offset,
295 				u32 *maj, u32 *min,
296 				__u64 *inode,
297 				ssize_t pathname_size, char *pathname)
298 {
299 	__u64 temp;
300 	int ch;
301 	char *start_pathname = pathname;
302 
303 	if (io__get_hex(io, start) != '-')
304 		return false;
305 	if (io__get_hex(io, end) != ' ')
306 		return false;
307 
308 	/* map protection and flags bits */
309 	*prot = 0;
310 	ch = io__get_char(io);
311 	if (ch == 'r')
312 		*prot |= PROT_READ;
313 	else if (ch != '-')
314 		return false;
315 	ch = io__get_char(io);
316 	if (ch == 'w')
317 		*prot |= PROT_WRITE;
318 	else if (ch != '-')
319 		return false;
320 	ch = io__get_char(io);
321 	if (ch == 'x')
322 		*prot |= PROT_EXEC;
323 	else if (ch != '-')
324 		return false;
325 	ch = io__get_char(io);
326 	if (ch == 's')
327 		*flags = MAP_SHARED;
328 	else if (ch == 'p')
329 		*flags = MAP_PRIVATE;
330 	else
331 		return false;
332 	if (io__get_char(io) != ' ')
333 		return false;
334 
335 	if (io__get_hex(io, offset) != ' ')
336 		return false;
337 
338 	if (io__get_hex(io, &temp) != ':')
339 		return false;
340 	*maj = temp;
341 	if (io__get_hex(io, &temp) != ' ')
342 		return false;
343 	*min = temp;
344 
345 	ch = io__get_dec(io, inode);
346 	if (ch != ' ') {
347 		*pathname = '\0';
348 		return ch == '\n';
349 	}
350 	do {
351 		ch = io__get_char(io);
352 	} while (ch == ' ');
353 	while (true) {
354 		if (ch < 0)
355 			return false;
356 		if (ch == '\0' || ch == '\n' ||
357 		    (pathname + 1 - start_pathname) >= pathname_size) {
358 			*pathname = '\0';
359 			return true;
360 		}
361 		*pathname++ = ch;
362 		ch = io__get_char(io);
363 	}
364 }
365 
366 static void perf_record_mmap2__read_build_id(struct perf_record_mmap2 *event,
367 					     struct machine *machine,
368 					     bool is_kernel)
369 {
370 	struct build_id bid;
371 	struct nsinfo *nsi;
372 	struct nscookie nc;
373 	struct dso *dso = NULL;
374 	struct dso_id id;
375 	int rc;
376 
377 	if (is_kernel) {
378 		rc = sysfs__read_build_id("/sys/kernel/notes", &bid);
379 		goto out;
380 	}
381 
382 	id.maj = event->maj;
383 	id.min = event->min;
384 	id.ino = event->ino;
385 	id.ino_generation = event->ino_generation;
386 
387 	dso = dsos__findnew_id(&machine->dsos, event->filename, &id);
388 	if (dso && dso->has_build_id) {
389 		bid = dso->bid;
390 		rc = 0;
391 		goto out;
392 	}
393 
394 	nsi = nsinfo__new(event->pid);
395 	nsinfo__mountns_enter(nsi, &nc);
396 
397 	rc = filename__read_build_id(event->filename, &bid) > 0 ? 0 : -1;
398 
399 	nsinfo__mountns_exit(&nc);
400 	nsinfo__put(nsi);
401 
402 out:
403 	if (rc == 0) {
404 		memcpy(event->build_id, bid.data, sizeof(bid.data));
405 		event->build_id_size = (u8) bid.size;
406 		event->header.misc |= PERF_RECORD_MISC_MMAP_BUILD_ID;
407 		event->__reserved_1 = 0;
408 		event->__reserved_2 = 0;
409 
410 		if (dso && !dso->has_build_id)
411 			dso__set_build_id(dso, &bid);
412 	} else {
413 		if (event->filename[0] == '/') {
414 			pr_debug2("Failed to read build ID for %s\n",
415 				  event->filename);
416 		}
417 	}
418 	dso__put(dso);
419 }
420 
421 int perf_event__synthesize_mmap_events(struct perf_tool *tool,
422 				       union perf_event *event,
423 				       pid_t pid, pid_t tgid,
424 				       perf_event__handler_t process,
425 				       struct machine *machine,
426 				       bool mmap_data)
427 {
428 	unsigned long long t;
429 	char bf[BUFSIZ];
430 	struct io io;
431 	bool truncation = false;
432 	unsigned long long timeout = proc_map_timeout * 1000000ULL;
433 	int rc = 0;
434 	const char *hugetlbfs_mnt = hugetlbfs__mountpoint();
435 	int hugetlbfs_mnt_len = hugetlbfs_mnt ? strlen(hugetlbfs_mnt) : 0;
436 
437 	if (machine__is_default_guest(machine))
438 		return 0;
439 
440 	snprintf(bf, sizeof(bf), "%s/proc/%d/task/%d/maps",
441 		machine->root_dir, pid, pid);
442 
443 	io.fd = open(bf, O_RDONLY, 0);
444 	if (io.fd < 0) {
445 		/*
446 		 * We raced with a task exiting - just return:
447 		 */
448 		pr_debug("couldn't open %s\n", bf);
449 		return -1;
450 	}
451 	io__init(&io, io.fd, bf, sizeof(bf));
452 
453 	event->header.type = PERF_RECORD_MMAP2;
454 	t = rdclock();
455 
456 	while (!io.eof) {
457 		static const char anonstr[] = "//anon";
458 		size_t size, aligned_size;
459 
460 		/* ensure null termination since stack will be reused. */
461 		event->mmap2.filename[0] = '\0';
462 
463 		/* 00400000-0040c000 r-xp 00000000 fd:01 41038  /bin/cat */
464 		if (!read_proc_maps_line(&io,
465 					&event->mmap2.start,
466 					&event->mmap2.len,
467 					&event->mmap2.prot,
468 					&event->mmap2.flags,
469 					&event->mmap2.pgoff,
470 					&event->mmap2.maj,
471 					&event->mmap2.min,
472 					&event->mmap2.ino,
473 					sizeof(event->mmap2.filename),
474 					event->mmap2.filename))
475 			continue;
476 
477 		if ((rdclock() - t) > timeout) {
478 			pr_warning("Reading %s/proc/%d/task/%d/maps time out. "
479 				   "You may want to increase "
480 				   "the time limit by --proc-map-timeout\n",
481 				   machine->root_dir, pid, pid);
482 			truncation = true;
483 			goto out;
484 		}
485 
486 		event->mmap2.ino_generation = 0;
487 
488 		/*
489 		 * Just like the kernel, see __perf_event_mmap in kernel/perf_event.c
490 		 */
491 		if (machine__is_host(machine))
492 			event->header.misc = PERF_RECORD_MISC_USER;
493 		else
494 			event->header.misc = PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_USER;
495 
496 		if ((event->mmap2.prot & PROT_EXEC) == 0) {
497 			if (!mmap_data || (event->mmap2.prot & PROT_READ) == 0)
498 				continue;
499 
500 			event->header.misc |= PERF_RECORD_MISC_MMAP_DATA;
501 		}
502 
503 out:
504 		if (truncation)
505 			event->header.misc |= PERF_RECORD_MISC_PROC_MAP_PARSE_TIMEOUT;
506 
507 		if (!strcmp(event->mmap2.filename, ""))
508 			strcpy(event->mmap2.filename, anonstr);
509 
510 		if (hugetlbfs_mnt_len &&
511 		    !strncmp(event->mmap2.filename, hugetlbfs_mnt,
512 			     hugetlbfs_mnt_len)) {
513 			strcpy(event->mmap2.filename, anonstr);
514 			event->mmap2.flags |= MAP_HUGETLB;
515 		}
516 
517 		size = strlen(event->mmap2.filename) + 1;
518 		aligned_size = PERF_ALIGN(size, sizeof(u64));
519 		event->mmap2.len -= event->mmap.start;
520 		event->mmap2.header.size = (sizeof(event->mmap2) -
521 					(sizeof(event->mmap2.filename) - aligned_size));
522 		memset(event->mmap2.filename + size, 0, machine->id_hdr_size +
523 			(aligned_size - size));
524 		event->mmap2.header.size += machine->id_hdr_size;
525 		event->mmap2.pid = tgid;
526 		event->mmap2.tid = pid;
527 
528 		if (symbol_conf.buildid_mmap2)
529 			perf_record_mmap2__read_build_id(&event->mmap2, machine, false);
530 
531 		if (perf_tool__process_synth_event(tool, event, machine, process) != 0) {
532 			rc = -1;
533 			break;
534 		}
535 
536 		if (truncation)
537 			break;
538 	}
539 
540 	close(io.fd);
541 	return rc;
542 }
543 
544 #ifdef HAVE_FILE_HANDLE
545 static int perf_event__synthesize_cgroup(struct perf_tool *tool,
546 					 union perf_event *event,
547 					 char *path, size_t mount_len,
548 					 perf_event__handler_t process,
549 					 struct machine *machine)
550 {
551 	size_t event_size = sizeof(event->cgroup) - sizeof(event->cgroup.path);
552 	size_t path_len = strlen(path) - mount_len + 1;
553 	struct {
554 		struct file_handle fh;
555 		uint64_t cgroup_id;
556 	} handle;
557 	int mount_id;
558 
559 	while (path_len % sizeof(u64))
560 		path[mount_len + path_len++] = '\0';
561 
562 	memset(&event->cgroup, 0, event_size);
563 
564 	event->cgroup.header.type = PERF_RECORD_CGROUP;
565 	event->cgroup.header.size = event_size + path_len + machine->id_hdr_size;
566 
567 	handle.fh.handle_bytes = sizeof(handle.cgroup_id);
568 	if (name_to_handle_at(AT_FDCWD, path, &handle.fh, &mount_id, 0) < 0) {
569 		pr_debug("stat failed: %s\n", path);
570 		return -1;
571 	}
572 
573 	event->cgroup.id = handle.cgroup_id;
574 	strncpy(event->cgroup.path, path + mount_len, path_len);
575 	memset(event->cgroup.path + path_len, 0, machine->id_hdr_size);
576 
577 	if (perf_tool__process_synth_event(tool, event, machine, process) < 0) {
578 		pr_debug("process synth event failed\n");
579 		return -1;
580 	}
581 
582 	return 0;
583 }
584 
585 static int perf_event__walk_cgroup_tree(struct perf_tool *tool,
586 					union perf_event *event,
587 					char *path, size_t mount_len,
588 					perf_event__handler_t process,
589 					struct machine *machine)
590 {
591 	size_t pos = strlen(path);
592 	DIR *d;
593 	struct dirent *dent;
594 	int ret = 0;
595 
596 	if (perf_event__synthesize_cgroup(tool, event, path, mount_len,
597 					  process, machine) < 0)
598 		return -1;
599 
600 	d = opendir(path);
601 	if (d == NULL) {
602 		pr_debug("failed to open directory: %s\n", path);
603 		return -1;
604 	}
605 
606 	while ((dent = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
607 		if (dent->d_type != DT_DIR)
608 			continue;
609 		if (!strcmp(dent->d_name, ".") ||
610 		    !strcmp(dent->d_name, ".."))
611 			continue;
612 
613 		/* any sane path should be less than PATH_MAX */
614 		if (strlen(path) + strlen(dent->d_name) + 1 >= PATH_MAX)
615 			continue;
616 
617 		if (path[pos - 1] != '/')
618 			strcat(path, "/");
619 		strcat(path, dent->d_name);
620 
621 		ret = perf_event__walk_cgroup_tree(tool, event, path,
622 						   mount_len, process, machine);
623 		if (ret < 0)
624 			break;
625 
626 		path[pos] = '\0';
627 	}
628 
629 	closedir(d);
630 	return ret;
631 }
632 
633 int perf_event__synthesize_cgroups(struct perf_tool *tool,
634 				   perf_event__handler_t process,
635 				   struct machine *machine)
636 {
637 	union perf_event event;
638 	char cgrp_root[PATH_MAX];
639 	size_t mount_len;  /* length of mount point in the path */
640 
641 	if (!tool || !tool->cgroup_events)
642 		return 0;
643 
644 	if (cgroupfs_find_mountpoint(cgrp_root, PATH_MAX, "perf_event") < 0) {
645 		pr_debug("cannot find cgroup mount point\n");
646 		return -1;
647 	}
648 
649 	mount_len = strlen(cgrp_root);
650 	/* make sure the path starts with a slash (after mount point) */
651 	strcat(cgrp_root, "/");
652 
653 	if (perf_event__walk_cgroup_tree(tool, &event, cgrp_root, mount_len,
654 					 process, machine) < 0)
655 		return -1;
656 
657 	return 0;
658 }
659 #else
660 int perf_event__synthesize_cgroups(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
661 				   perf_event__handler_t process __maybe_unused,
662 				   struct machine *machine __maybe_unused)
663 {
664 	return -1;
665 }
666 #endif
667 
668 int perf_event__synthesize_modules(struct perf_tool *tool, perf_event__handler_t process,
669 				   struct machine *machine)
670 {
671 	int rc = 0;
672 	struct map *pos;
673 	struct maps *maps = machine__kernel_maps(machine);
674 	union perf_event *event;
675 	size_t size = symbol_conf.buildid_mmap2 ?
676 			sizeof(event->mmap2) : sizeof(event->mmap);
677 
678 	event = zalloc(size + machine->id_hdr_size);
679 	if (event == NULL) {
680 		pr_debug("Not enough memory synthesizing mmap event "
681 			 "for kernel modules\n");
682 		return -1;
683 	}
684 
685 	/*
686 	 * kernel uses 0 for user space maps, see kernel/perf_event.c
687 	 * __perf_event_mmap
688 	 */
689 	if (machine__is_host(machine))
690 		event->header.misc = PERF_RECORD_MISC_KERNEL;
691 	else
692 		event->header.misc = PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_KERNEL;
693 
694 	maps__for_each_entry(maps, pos) {
695 		if (!__map__is_kmodule(pos))
696 			continue;
697 
698 		if (symbol_conf.buildid_mmap2) {
699 			size = PERF_ALIGN(pos->dso->long_name_len + 1, sizeof(u64));
700 			event->mmap2.header.type = PERF_RECORD_MMAP2;
701 			event->mmap2.header.size = (sizeof(event->mmap2) -
702 						(sizeof(event->mmap2.filename) - size));
703 			memset(event->mmap2.filename + size, 0, machine->id_hdr_size);
704 			event->mmap2.header.size += machine->id_hdr_size;
705 			event->mmap2.start = pos->start;
706 			event->mmap2.len   = pos->end - pos->start;
707 			event->mmap2.pid   = machine->pid;
708 
709 			memcpy(event->mmap2.filename, pos->dso->long_name,
710 			       pos->dso->long_name_len + 1);
711 
712 			perf_record_mmap2__read_build_id(&event->mmap2, machine, false);
713 		} else {
714 			size = PERF_ALIGN(pos->dso->long_name_len + 1, sizeof(u64));
715 			event->mmap.header.type = PERF_RECORD_MMAP;
716 			event->mmap.header.size = (sizeof(event->mmap) -
717 						(sizeof(event->mmap.filename) - size));
718 			memset(event->mmap.filename + size, 0, machine->id_hdr_size);
719 			event->mmap.header.size += machine->id_hdr_size;
720 			event->mmap.start = pos->start;
721 			event->mmap.len   = pos->end - pos->start;
722 			event->mmap.pid   = machine->pid;
723 
724 			memcpy(event->mmap.filename, pos->dso->long_name,
725 			       pos->dso->long_name_len + 1);
726 		}
727 
728 		if (perf_tool__process_synth_event(tool, event, machine, process) != 0) {
729 			rc = -1;
730 			break;
731 		}
732 	}
733 
734 	free(event);
735 	return rc;
736 }
737 
738 static int filter_task(const struct dirent *dirent)
739 {
740 	return isdigit(dirent->d_name[0]);
741 }
742 
743 static int __event__synthesize_thread(union perf_event *comm_event,
744 				      union perf_event *mmap_event,
745 				      union perf_event *fork_event,
746 				      union perf_event *namespaces_event,
747 				      pid_t pid, int full, perf_event__handler_t process,
748 				      struct perf_tool *tool, struct machine *machine,
749 				      bool needs_mmap, bool mmap_data)
750 {
751 	char filename[PATH_MAX];
752 	struct dirent **dirent;
753 	pid_t tgid, ppid;
754 	int rc = 0;
755 	int i, n;
756 
757 	/* special case: only send one comm event using passed in pid */
758 	if (!full) {
759 		tgid = perf_event__synthesize_comm(tool, comm_event, pid,
760 						   process, machine);
761 
762 		if (tgid == -1)
763 			return -1;
764 
765 		if (perf_event__synthesize_namespaces(tool, namespaces_event, pid,
766 						      tgid, process, machine) < 0)
767 			return -1;
768 
769 		/*
770 		 * send mmap only for thread group leader
771 		 * see thread__init_maps()
772 		 */
773 		if (pid == tgid && needs_mmap &&
774 		    perf_event__synthesize_mmap_events(tool, mmap_event, pid, tgid,
775 						       process, machine, mmap_data))
776 			return -1;
777 
778 		return 0;
779 	}
780 
781 	if (machine__is_default_guest(machine))
782 		return 0;
783 
784 	snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s/proc/%d/task",
785 		 machine->root_dir, pid);
786 
787 	n = scandir(filename, &dirent, filter_task, NULL);
788 	if (n < 0)
789 		return n;
790 
791 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
792 		char *end;
793 		pid_t _pid;
794 		bool kernel_thread = false;
795 
796 		_pid = strtol(dirent[i]->d_name, &end, 10);
797 		if (*end)
798 			continue;
799 
800 		/* some threads may exit just after scan, ignore it */
801 		if (perf_event__prepare_comm(comm_event, pid, _pid, machine,
802 					     &tgid, &ppid, &kernel_thread) != 0)
803 			continue;
804 
805 		rc = -1;
806 		if (perf_event__synthesize_fork(tool, fork_event, _pid, tgid,
807 						ppid, process, machine) < 0)
808 			break;
809 
810 		if (perf_event__synthesize_namespaces(tool, namespaces_event, _pid,
811 						      tgid, process, machine) < 0)
812 			break;
813 
814 		/*
815 		 * Send the prepared comm event
816 		 */
817 		if (perf_tool__process_synth_event(tool, comm_event, machine, process) != 0)
818 			break;
819 
820 		rc = 0;
821 		if (_pid == pid && !kernel_thread && needs_mmap) {
822 			/* process the parent's maps too */
823 			rc = perf_event__synthesize_mmap_events(tool, mmap_event, pid, tgid,
824 						process, machine, mmap_data);
825 			if (rc)
826 				break;
827 		}
828 	}
829 
830 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
831 		zfree(&dirent[i]);
832 	free(dirent);
833 
834 	return rc;
835 }
836 
837 int perf_event__synthesize_thread_map(struct perf_tool *tool,
838 				      struct perf_thread_map *threads,
839 				      perf_event__handler_t process,
840 				      struct machine *machine,
841 				      bool needs_mmap, bool mmap_data)
842 {
843 	union perf_event *comm_event, *mmap_event, *fork_event;
844 	union perf_event *namespaces_event;
845 	int err = -1, thread, j;
846 
847 	comm_event = malloc(sizeof(comm_event->comm) + machine->id_hdr_size);
848 	if (comm_event == NULL)
849 		goto out;
850 
851 	mmap_event = malloc(sizeof(mmap_event->mmap2) + machine->id_hdr_size);
852 	if (mmap_event == NULL)
853 		goto out_free_comm;
854 
855 	fork_event = malloc(sizeof(fork_event->fork) + machine->id_hdr_size);
856 	if (fork_event == NULL)
857 		goto out_free_mmap;
858 
859 	namespaces_event = malloc(sizeof(namespaces_event->namespaces) +
860 				  (NR_NAMESPACES * sizeof(struct perf_ns_link_info)) +
861 				  machine->id_hdr_size);
862 	if (namespaces_event == NULL)
863 		goto out_free_fork;
864 
865 	err = 0;
866 	for (thread = 0; thread < threads->nr; ++thread) {
867 		if (__event__synthesize_thread(comm_event, mmap_event,
868 					       fork_event, namespaces_event,
869 					       perf_thread_map__pid(threads, thread), 0,
870 					       process, tool, machine,
871 					       needs_mmap, mmap_data)) {
872 			err = -1;
873 			break;
874 		}
875 
876 		/*
877 		 * comm.pid is set to thread group id by
878 		 * perf_event__synthesize_comm
879 		 */
880 		if ((int) comm_event->comm.pid != perf_thread_map__pid(threads, thread)) {
881 			bool need_leader = true;
882 
883 			/* is thread group leader in thread_map? */
884 			for (j = 0; j < threads->nr; ++j) {
885 				if ((int) comm_event->comm.pid == perf_thread_map__pid(threads, j)) {
886 					need_leader = false;
887 					break;
888 				}
889 			}
890 
891 			/* if not, generate events for it */
892 			if (need_leader &&
893 			    __event__synthesize_thread(comm_event, mmap_event,
894 						       fork_event, namespaces_event,
895 						       comm_event->comm.pid, 0,
896 						       process, tool, machine,
897 						       needs_mmap, mmap_data)) {
898 				err = -1;
899 				break;
900 			}
901 		}
902 	}
903 	free(namespaces_event);
904 out_free_fork:
905 	free(fork_event);
906 out_free_mmap:
907 	free(mmap_event);
908 out_free_comm:
909 	free(comm_event);
910 out:
911 	return err;
912 }
913 
914 static int __perf_event__synthesize_threads(struct perf_tool *tool,
915 					    perf_event__handler_t process,
916 					    struct machine *machine,
917 					    bool needs_mmap,
918 					    bool mmap_data,
919 					    struct dirent **dirent,
920 					    int start,
921 					    int num)
922 {
923 	union perf_event *comm_event, *mmap_event, *fork_event;
924 	union perf_event *namespaces_event;
925 	int err = -1;
926 	char *end;
927 	pid_t pid;
928 	int i;
929 
930 	comm_event = malloc(sizeof(comm_event->comm) + machine->id_hdr_size);
931 	if (comm_event == NULL)
932 		goto out;
933 
934 	mmap_event = malloc(sizeof(mmap_event->mmap2) + machine->id_hdr_size);
935 	if (mmap_event == NULL)
936 		goto out_free_comm;
937 
938 	fork_event = malloc(sizeof(fork_event->fork) + machine->id_hdr_size);
939 	if (fork_event == NULL)
940 		goto out_free_mmap;
941 
942 	namespaces_event = malloc(sizeof(namespaces_event->namespaces) +
943 				  (NR_NAMESPACES * sizeof(struct perf_ns_link_info)) +
944 				  machine->id_hdr_size);
945 	if (namespaces_event == NULL)
946 		goto out_free_fork;
947 
948 	for (i = start; i < start + num; i++) {
949 		if (!isdigit(dirent[i]->d_name[0]))
950 			continue;
951 
952 		pid = (pid_t)strtol(dirent[i]->d_name, &end, 10);
953 		/* only interested in proper numerical dirents */
954 		if (*end)
955 			continue;
956 		/*
957 		 * We may race with exiting thread, so don't stop just because
958 		 * one thread couldn't be synthesized.
959 		 */
960 		__event__synthesize_thread(comm_event, mmap_event, fork_event,
961 					   namespaces_event, pid, 1, process,
962 					   tool, machine, needs_mmap, mmap_data);
963 	}
964 	err = 0;
965 
966 	free(namespaces_event);
967 out_free_fork:
968 	free(fork_event);
969 out_free_mmap:
970 	free(mmap_event);
971 out_free_comm:
972 	free(comm_event);
973 out:
974 	return err;
975 }
976 
977 struct synthesize_threads_arg {
978 	struct perf_tool *tool;
979 	perf_event__handler_t process;
980 	struct machine *machine;
981 	bool needs_mmap;
982 	bool mmap_data;
983 	struct dirent **dirent;
984 	int num;
985 	int start;
986 };
987 
988 static void *synthesize_threads_worker(void *arg)
989 {
990 	struct synthesize_threads_arg *args = arg;
991 
992 	__perf_event__synthesize_threads(args->tool, args->process,
993 					 args->machine,
994 					 args->needs_mmap, args->mmap_data,
995 					 args->dirent,
996 					 args->start, args->num);
997 	return NULL;
998 }
999 
1000 int perf_event__synthesize_threads(struct perf_tool *tool,
1001 				   perf_event__handler_t process,
1002 				   struct machine *machine,
1003 				   bool needs_mmap, bool mmap_data,
1004 				   unsigned int nr_threads_synthesize)
1005 {
1006 	struct synthesize_threads_arg *args = NULL;
1007 	pthread_t *synthesize_threads = NULL;
1008 	char proc_path[PATH_MAX];
1009 	struct dirent **dirent;
1010 	int num_per_thread;
1011 	int m, n, i, j;
1012 	int thread_nr;
1013 	int base = 0;
1014 	int err = -1;
1015 
1016 
1017 	if (machine__is_default_guest(machine))
1018 		return 0;
1019 
1020 	snprintf(proc_path, sizeof(proc_path), "%s/proc", machine->root_dir);
1021 	n = scandir(proc_path, &dirent, filter_task, NULL);
1022 	if (n < 0)
1023 		return err;
1024 
1025 	if (nr_threads_synthesize == UINT_MAX)
1026 		thread_nr = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
1027 	else
1028 		thread_nr = nr_threads_synthesize;
1029 
1030 	if (thread_nr <= 1) {
1031 		err = __perf_event__synthesize_threads(tool, process,
1032 						       machine,
1033 						       needs_mmap, mmap_data,
1034 						       dirent, base, n);
1035 		goto free_dirent;
1036 	}
1037 	if (thread_nr > n)
1038 		thread_nr = n;
1039 
1040 	synthesize_threads = calloc(sizeof(pthread_t), thread_nr);
1041 	if (synthesize_threads == NULL)
1042 		goto free_dirent;
1043 
1044 	args = calloc(sizeof(*args), thread_nr);
1045 	if (args == NULL)
1046 		goto free_threads;
1047 
1048 	num_per_thread = n / thread_nr;
1049 	m = n % thread_nr;
1050 	for (i = 0; i < thread_nr; i++) {
1051 		args[i].tool = tool;
1052 		args[i].process = process;
1053 		args[i].machine = machine;
1054 		args[i].needs_mmap = needs_mmap;
1055 		args[i].mmap_data = mmap_data;
1056 		args[i].dirent = dirent;
1057 	}
1058 	for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
1059 		args[i].num = num_per_thread + 1;
1060 		args[i].start = i * args[i].num;
1061 	}
1062 	if (i != 0)
1063 		base = args[i-1].start + args[i-1].num;
1064 	for (j = i; j < thread_nr; j++) {
1065 		args[j].num = num_per_thread;
1066 		args[j].start = base + (j - i) * args[i].num;
1067 	}
1068 
1069 	for (i = 0; i < thread_nr; i++) {
1070 		if (pthread_create(&synthesize_threads[i], NULL,
1071 				   synthesize_threads_worker, &args[i]))
1072 			goto out_join;
1073 	}
1074 	err = 0;
1075 out_join:
1076 	for (i = 0; i < thread_nr; i++)
1077 		pthread_join(synthesize_threads[i], NULL);
1078 	free(args);
1079 free_threads:
1080 	free(synthesize_threads);
1081 free_dirent:
1082 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
1083 		zfree(&dirent[i]);
1084 	free(dirent);
1085 
1086 	return err;
1087 }
1088 
1089 int __weak perf_event__synthesize_extra_kmaps(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
1090 					      perf_event__handler_t process __maybe_unused,
1091 					      struct machine *machine __maybe_unused)
1092 {
1093 	return 0;
1094 }
1095 
1096 static int __perf_event__synthesize_kernel_mmap(struct perf_tool *tool,
1097 						perf_event__handler_t process,
1098 						struct machine *machine)
1099 {
1100 	union perf_event *event;
1101 	size_t size = symbol_conf.buildid_mmap2 ?
1102 			sizeof(event->mmap2) : sizeof(event->mmap);
1103 	struct map *map = machine__kernel_map(machine);
1104 	struct kmap *kmap;
1105 	int err;
1106 
1107 	if (map == NULL)
1108 		return -1;
1109 
1110 	kmap = map__kmap(map);
1111 	if (!kmap->ref_reloc_sym)
1112 		return -1;
1113 
1114 	/*
1115 	 * We should get this from /sys/kernel/sections/.text, but till that is
1116 	 * available use this, and after it is use this as a fallback for older
1117 	 * kernels.
1118 	 */
1119 	event = zalloc(size + machine->id_hdr_size);
1120 	if (event == NULL) {
1121 		pr_debug("Not enough memory synthesizing mmap event "
1122 			 "for kernel modules\n");
1123 		return -1;
1124 	}
1125 
1126 	if (machine__is_host(machine)) {
1127 		/*
1128 		 * kernel uses PERF_RECORD_MISC_USER for user space maps,
1129 		 * see kernel/perf_event.c __perf_event_mmap
1130 		 */
1131 		event->header.misc = PERF_RECORD_MISC_KERNEL;
1132 	} else {
1133 		event->header.misc = PERF_RECORD_MISC_GUEST_KERNEL;
1134 	}
1135 
1136 	if (symbol_conf.buildid_mmap2) {
1137 		size = snprintf(event->mmap2.filename, sizeof(event->mmap2.filename),
1138 				"%s%s", machine->mmap_name, kmap->ref_reloc_sym->name) + 1;
1139 		size = PERF_ALIGN(size, sizeof(u64));
1140 		event->mmap2.header.type = PERF_RECORD_MMAP2;
1141 		event->mmap2.header.size = (sizeof(event->mmap2) -
1142 				(sizeof(event->mmap2.filename) - size) + machine->id_hdr_size);
1143 		event->mmap2.pgoff = kmap->ref_reloc_sym->addr;
1144 		event->mmap2.start = map->start;
1145 		event->mmap2.len   = map->end - event->mmap.start;
1146 		event->mmap2.pid   = machine->pid;
1147 
1148 		perf_record_mmap2__read_build_id(&event->mmap2, machine, true);
1149 	} else {
1150 		size = snprintf(event->mmap.filename, sizeof(event->mmap.filename),
1151 				"%s%s", machine->mmap_name, kmap->ref_reloc_sym->name) + 1;
1152 		size = PERF_ALIGN(size, sizeof(u64));
1153 		event->mmap.header.type = PERF_RECORD_MMAP;
1154 		event->mmap.header.size = (sizeof(event->mmap) -
1155 				(sizeof(event->mmap.filename) - size) + machine->id_hdr_size);
1156 		event->mmap.pgoff = kmap->ref_reloc_sym->addr;
1157 		event->mmap.start = map->start;
1158 		event->mmap.len   = map->end - event->mmap.start;
1159 		event->mmap.pid   = machine->pid;
1160 	}
1161 
1162 	err = perf_tool__process_synth_event(tool, event, machine, process);
1163 	free(event);
1164 
1165 	return err;
1166 }
1167 
1168 int perf_event__synthesize_kernel_mmap(struct perf_tool *tool,
1169 				       perf_event__handler_t process,
1170 				       struct machine *machine)
1171 {
1172 	int err;
1173 
1174 	err = __perf_event__synthesize_kernel_mmap(tool, process, machine);
1175 	if (err < 0)
1176 		return err;
1177 
1178 	return perf_event__synthesize_extra_kmaps(tool, process, machine);
1179 }
1180 
1181 int perf_event__synthesize_thread_map2(struct perf_tool *tool,
1182 				      struct perf_thread_map *threads,
1183 				      perf_event__handler_t process,
1184 				      struct machine *machine)
1185 {
1186 	union perf_event *event;
1187 	int i, err, size;
1188 
1189 	size  = sizeof(event->thread_map);
1190 	size +=	threads->nr * sizeof(event->thread_map.entries[0]);
1191 
1192 	event = zalloc(size);
1193 	if (!event)
1194 		return -ENOMEM;
1195 
1196 	event->header.type = PERF_RECORD_THREAD_MAP;
1197 	event->header.size = size;
1198 	event->thread_map.nr = threads->nr;
1199 
1200 	for (i = 0; i < threads->nr; i++) {
1201 		struct perf_record_thread_map_entry *entry = &event->thread_map.entries[i];
1202 		char *comm = perf_thread_map__comm(threads, i);
1203 
1204 		if (!comm)
1205 			comm = (char *) "";
1206 
1207 		entry->pid = perf_thread_map__pid(threads, i);
1208 		strncpy((char *) &entry->comm, comm, sizeof(entry->comm));
1209 	}
1210 
1211 	err = process(tool, event, NULL, machine);
1212 
1213 	free(event);
1214 	return err;
1215 }
1216 
1217 struct synthesize_cpu_map_data {
1218 	const struct perf_cpu_map *map;
1219 	int nr;
1220 	int min_cpu;
1221 	int max_cpu;
1222 	int has_any_cpu;
1223 	int type;
1224 	size_t size;
1225 	struct perf_record_cpu_map_data *data;
1226 };
1227 
1228 static void synthesize_cpus(struct synthesize_cpu_map_data *data)
1229 {
1230 	data->data->type = PERF_CPU_MAP__CPUS;
1231 	data->data->cpus_data.nr = data->nr;
1232 	for (int i = 0; i < data->nr; i++)
1233 		data->data->cpus_data.cpu[i] = perf_cpu_map__cpu(data->map, i).cpu;
1234 }
1235 
1236 static void synthesize_mask(struct synthesize_cpu_map_data *data)
1237 {
1238 	int idx;
1239 	struct perf_cpu cpu;
1240 
1241 	/* Due to padding, the 4bytes per entry mask variant is always smaller. */
1242 	data->data->type = PERF_CPU_MAP__MASK;
1243 	data->data->mask32_data.nr = BITS_TO_U32(data->max_cpu);
1244 	data->data->mask32_data.long_size = 4;
1245 
1246 	perf_cpu_map__for_each_cpu(cpu, idx, data->map) {
1247 		int bit_word = cpu.cpu / 32;
1248 		u32 bit_mask = 1U << (cpu.cpu & 31);
1249 
1250 		data->data->mask32_data.mask[bit_word] |= bit_mask;
1251 	}
1252 }
1253 
1254 static void synthesize_range_cpus(struct synthesize_cpu_map_data *data)
1255 {
1256 	data->data->type = PERF_CPU_MAP__RANGE_CPUS;
1257 	data->data->range_cpu_data.any_cpu = data->has_any_cpu;
1258 	data->data->range_cpu_data.start_cpu = data->min_cpu;
1259 	data->data->range_cpu_data.end_cpu = data->max_cpu;
1260 }
1261 
1262 static void *cpu_map_data__alloc(struct synthesize_cpu_map_data *syn_data,
1263 				 size_t header_size)
1264 {
1265 	size_t size_cpus, size_mask;
1266 
1267 	syn_data->nr = perf_cpu_map__nr(syn_data->map);
1268 	syn_data->has_any_cpu = (perf_cpu_map__cpu(syn_data->map, 0).cpu == -1) ? 1 : 0;
1269 
1270 	syn_data->min_cpu = perf_cpu_map__cpu(syn_data->map, syn_data->has_any_cpu).cpu;
1271 	syn_data->max_cpu = perf_cpu_map__max(syn_data->map).cpu;
1272 	if (syn_data->max_cpu - syn_data->min_cpu + 1 == syn_data->nr - syn_data->has_any_cpu) {
1273 		/* A consecutive range of CPUs can be encoded using a range. */
1274 		assert(sizeof(u16) + sizeof(struct perf_record_range_cpu_map) == sizeof(u64));
1275 		syn_data->type = PERF_CPU_MAP__RANGE_CPUS;
1276 		syn_data->size = header_size + sizeof(u64);
1277 		return zalloc(syn_data->size);
1278 	}
1279 
1280 	size_cpus = sizeof(u16) + sizeof(struct cpu_map_entries) + syn_data->nr * sizeof(u16);
1281 	/* Due to padding, the 4bytes per entry mask variant is always smaller. */
1282 	size_mask = sizeof(u16) + sizeof(struct perf_record_mask_cpu_map32) +
1283 		BITS_TO_U32(syn_data->max_cpu) * sizeof(__u32);
1284 	if (syn_data->has_any_cpu || size_cpus < size_mask) {
1285 		/* Follow the CPU map encoding. */
1286 		syn_data->type = PERF_CPU_MAP__CPUS;
1287 		syn_data->size = header_size + PERF_ALIGN(size_cpus, sizeof(u64));
1288 		return zalloc(syn_data->size);
1289 	}
1290 	/* Encode using a bitmask. */
1291 	syn_data->type = PERF_CPU_MAP__MASK;
1292 	syn_data->size = header_size + PERF_ALIGN(size_mask, sizeof(u64));
1293 	return zalloc(syn_data->size);
1294 }
1295 
1296 static void cpu_map_data__synthesize(struct synthesize_cpu_map_data *data)
1297 {
1298 	switch (data->type) {
1299 	case PERF_CPU_MAP__CPUS:
1300 		synthesize_cpus(data);
1301 		break;
1302 	case PERF_CPU_MAP__MASK:
1303 		synthesize_mask(data);
1304 		break;
1305 	case PERF_CPU_MAP__RANGE_CPUS:
1306 		synthesize_range_cpus(data);
1307 		break;
1308 	default:
1309 		break;
1310 	}
1311 }
1312 
1313 static struct perf_record_cpu_map *cpu_map_event__new(const struct perf_cpu_map *map)
1314 {
1315 	struct synthesize_cpu_map_data syn_data = { .map = map };
1316 	struct perf_record_cpu_map *event;
1317 
1318 
1319 	event = cpu_map_data__alloc(&syn_data, sizeof(struct perf_event_header));
1320 	if (!event)
1321 		return NULL;
1322 
1323 	syn_data.data = &event->data;
1324 	event->header.type = PERF_RECORD_CPU_MAP;
1325 	event->header.size = syn_data.size;
1326 	cpu_map_data__synthesize(&syn_data);
1327 	return event;
1328 }
1329 
1330 
1331 int perf_event__synthesize_cpu_map(struct perf_tool *tool,
1332 				   const struct perf_cpu_map *map,
1333 				   perf_event__handler_t process,
1334 				   struct machine *machine)
1335 {
1336 	struct perf_record_cpu_map *event;
1337 	int err;
1338 
1339 	event = cpu_map_event__new(map);
1340 	if (!event)
1341 		return -ENOMEM;
1342 
1343 	err = process(tool, (union perf_event *) event, NULL, machine);
1344 
1345 	free(event);
1346 	return err;
1347 }
1348 
1349 int perf_event__synthesize_stat_config(struct perf_tool *tool,
1350 				       struct perf_stat_config *config,
1351 				       perf_event__handler_t process,
1352 				       struct machine *machine)
1353 {
1354 	struct perf_record_stat_config *event;
1355 	int size, i = 0, err;
1356 
1357 	size  = sizeof(*event);
1358 	size += (PERF_STAT_CONFIG_TERM__MAX * sizeof(event->data[0]));
1359 
1360 	event = zalloc(size);
1361 	if (!event)
1362 		return -ENOMEM;
1363 
1364 	event->header.type = PERF_RECORD_STAT_CONFIG;
1365 	event->header.size = size;
1366 	event->nr          = PERF_STAT_CONFIG_TERM__MAX;
1367 
1368 #define ADD(__term, __val)					\
1369 	event->data[i].tag = PERF_STAT_CONFIG_TERM__##__term;	\
1370 	event->data[i].val = __val;				\
1371 	i++;
1372 
1373 	ADD(AGGR_MODE,	config->aggr_mode)
1374 	ADD(INTERVAL,	config->interval)
1375 	ADD(SCALE,	config->scale)
1376 
1377 	WARN_ONCE(i != PERF_STAT_CONFIG_TERM__MAX,
1378 		  "stat config terms unbalanced\n");
1379 #undef ADD
1380 
1381 	err = process(tool, (union perf_event *) event, NULL, machine);
1382 
1383 	free(event);
1384 	return err;
1385 }
1386 
1387 int perf_event__synthesize_stat(struct perf_tool *tool,
1388 				struct perf_cpu cpu, u32 thread, u64 id,
1389 				struct perf_counts_values *count,
1390 				perf_event__handler_t process,
1391 				struct machine *machine)
1392 {
1393 	struct perf_record_stat event;
1394 
1395 	event.header.type = PERF_RECORD_STAT;
1396 	event.header.size = sizeof(event);
1397 	event.header.misc = 0;
1398 
1399 	event.id        = id;
1400 	event.cpu       = cpu.cpu;
1401 	event.thread    = thread;
1402 	event.val       = count->val;
1403 	event.ena       = count->ena;
1404 	event.run       = count->run;
1405 
1406 	return process(tool, (union perf_event *) &event, NULL, machine);
1407 }
1408 
1409 int perf_event__synthesize_stat_round(struct perf_tool *tool,
1410 				      u64 evtime, u64 type,
1411 				      perf_event__handler_t process,
1412 				      struct machine *machine)
1413 {
1414 	struct perf_record_stat_round event;
1415 
1416 	event.header.type = PERF_RECORD_STAT_ROUND;
1417 	event.header.size = sizeof(event);
1418 	event.header.misc = 0;
1419 
1420 	event.time = evtime;
1421 	event.type = type;
1422 
1423 	return process(tool, (union perf_event *) &event, NULL, machine);
1424 }
1425 
1426 size_t perf_event__sample_event_size(const struct perf_sample *sample, u64 type, u64 read_format)
1427 {
1428 	size_t sz, result = sizeof(struct perf_record_sample);
1429 
1430 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER)
1431 		result += sizeof(u64);
1432 
1433 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_IP)
1434 		result += sizeof(u64);
1435 
1436 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_TID)
1437 		result += sizeof(u64);
1438 
1439 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_TIME)
1440 		result += sizeof(u64);
1441 
1442 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_ADDR)
1443 		result += sizeof(u64);
1444 
1445 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_ID)
1446 		result += sizeof(u64);
1447 
1448 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID)
1449 		result += sizeof(u64);
1450 
1451 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_CPU)
1452 		result += sizeof(u64);
1453 
1454 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_PERIOD)
1455 		result += sizeof(u64);
1456 
1457 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_READ) {
1458 		result += sizeof(u64);
1459 		if (read_format & PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED)
1460 			result += sizeof(u64);
1461 		if (read_format & PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING)
1462 			result += sizeof(u64);
1463 		/* PERF_FORMAT_ID is forced for PERF_SAMPLE_READ */
1464 		if (read_format & PERF_FORMAT_GROUP) {
1465 			sz = sample_read_value_size(read_format);
1466 			result += sz * sample->read.group.nr;
1467 		} else {
1468 			result += sizeof(u64);
1469 			if (read_format & PERF_FORMAT_LOST)
1470 				result += sizeof(u64);
1471 		}
1472 	}
1473 
1474 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN) {
1475 		sz = (sample->callchain->nr + 1) * sizeof(u64);
1476 		result += sz;
1477 	}
1478 
1479 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_RAW) {
1480 		result += sizeof(u32);
1481 		result += sample->raw_size;
1482 	}
1483 
1484 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK) {
1485 		sz = sample->branch_stack->nr * sizeof(struct branch_entry);
1486 		/* nr, hw_idx */
1487 		sz += 2 * sizeof(u64);
1488 		result += sz;
1489 	}
1490 
1491 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER) {
1492 		if (sample->user_regs.abi) {
1493 			result += sizeof(u64);
1494 			sz = hweight64(sample->user_regs.mask) * sizeof(u64);
1495 			result += sz;
1496 		} else {
1497 			result += sizeof(u64);
1498 		}
1499 	}
1500 
1501 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER) {
1502 		sz = sample->user_stack.size;
1503 		result += sizeof(u64);
1504 		if (sz) {
1505 			result += sz;
1506 			result += sizeof(u64);
1507 		}
1508 	}
1509 
1510 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_WEIGHT_TYPE)
1511 		result += sizeof(u64);
1512 
1513 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC)
1514 		result += sizeof(u64);
1515 
1516 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION)
1517 		result += sizeof(u64);
1518 
1519 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_INTR) {
1520 		if (sample->intr_regs.abi) {
1521 			result += sizeof(u64);
1522 			sz = hweight64(sample->intr_regs.mask) * sizeof(u64);
1523 			result += sz;
1524 		} else {
1525 			result += sizeof(u64);
1526 		}
1527 	}
1528 
1529 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_PHYS_ADDR)
1530 		result += sizeof(u64);
1531 
1532 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_CGROUP)
1533 		result += sizeof(u64);
1534 
1535 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_PAGE_SIZE)
1536 		result += sizeof(u64);
1537 
1538 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_CODE_PAGE_SIZE)
1539 		result += sizeof(u64);
1540 
1541 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_AUX) {
1542 		result += sizeof(u64);
1543 		result += sample->aux_sample.size;
1544 	}
1545 
1546 	return result;
1547 }
1548 
1549 void __weak arch_perf_synthesize_sample_weight(const struct perf_sample *data,
1550 					       __u64 *array, u64 type __maybe_unused)
1551 {
1552 	*array = data->weight;
1553 }
1554 
1555 static __u64 *copy_read_group_values(__u64 *array, __u64 read_format,
1556 				     const struct perf_sample *sample)
1557 {
1558 	size_t sz = sample_read_value_size(read_format);
1559 	struct sample_read_value *v = sample->read.group.values;
1560 
1561 	sample_read_group__for_each(v, sample->read.group.nr, read_format) {
1562 		/* PERF_FORMAT_ID is forced for PERF_SAMPLE_READ */
1563 		memcpy(array, v, sz);
1564 		array = (void *)array + sz;
1565 	}
1566 	return array;
1567 }
1568 
1569 int perf_event__synthesize_sample(union perf_event *event, u64 type, u64 read_format,
1570 				  const struct perf_sample *sample)
1571 {
1572 	__u64 *array;
1573 	size_t sz;
1574 	/*
1575 	 * used for cross-endian analysis. See git commit 65014ab3
1576 	 * for why this goofiness is needed.
1577 	 */
1578 	union u64_swap u;
1579 
1580 	array = event->sample.array;
1581 
1582 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER) {
1583 		*array = sample->id;
1584 		array++;
1585 	}
1586 
1587 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_IP) {
1588 		*array = sample->ip;
1589 		array++;
1590 	}
1591 
1592 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_TID) {
1593 		u.val32[0] = sample->pid;
1594 		u.val32[1] = sample->tid;
1595 		*array = u.val64;
1596 		array++;
1597 	}
1598 
1599 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_TIME) {
1600 		*array = sample->time;
1601 		array++;
1602 	}
1603 
1604 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_ADDR) {
1605 		*array = sample->addr;
1606 		array++;
1607 	}
1608 
1609 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_ID) {
1610 		*array = sample->id;
1611 		array++;
1612 	}
1613 
1614 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID) {
1615 		*array = sample->stream_id;
1616 		array++;
1617 	}
1618 
1619 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_CPU) {
1620 		u.val32[0] = sample->cpu;
1621 		u.val32[1] = 0;
1622 		*array = u.val64;
1623 		array++;
1624 	}
1625 
1626 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_PERIOD) {
1627 		*array = sample->period;
1628 		array++;
1629 	}
1630 
1631 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_READ) {
1632 		if (read_format & PERF_FORMAT_GROUP)
1633 			*array = sample->read.group.nr;
1634 		else
1635 			*array = sample->read.one.value;
1636 		array++;
1637 
1638 		if (read_format & PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED) {
1639 			*array = sample->read.time_enabled;
1640 			array++;
1641 		}
1642 
1643 		if (read_format & PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING) {
1644 			*array = sample->read.time_running;
1645 			array++;
1646 		}
1647 
1648 		/* PERF_FORMAT_ID is forced for PERF_SAMPLE_READ */
1649 		if (read_format & PERF_FORMAT_GROUP) {
1650 			array = copy_read_group_values(array, read_format,
1651 						       sample);
1652 		} else {
1653 			*array = sample->read.one.id;
1654 			array++;
1655 
1656 			if (read_format & PERF_FORMAT_LOST) {
1657 				*array = sample->read.one.lost;
1658 				array++;
1659 			}
1660 		}
1661 	}
1662 
1663 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN) {
1664 		sz = (sample->callchain->nr + 1) * sizeof(u64);
1665 		memcpy(array, sample->callchain, sz);
1666 		array = (void *)array + sz;
1667 	}
1668 
1669 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_RAW) {
1670 		u.val32[0] = sample->raw_size;
1671 		*array = u.val64;
1672 		array = (void *)array + sizeof(u32);
1673 
1674 		memcpy(array, sample->raw_data, sample->raw_size);
1675 		array = (void *)array + sample->raw_size;
1676 	}
1677 
1678 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK) {
1679 		sz = sample->branch_stack->nr * sizeof(struct branch_entry);
1680 		/* nr, hw_idx */
1681 		sz += 2 * sizeof(u64);
1682 		memcpy(array, sample->branch_stack, sz);
1683 		array = (void *)array + sz;
1684 	}
1685 
1686 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER) {
1687 		if (sample->user_regs.abi) {
1688 			*array++ = sample->user_regs.abi;
1689 			sz = hweight64(sample->user_regs.mask) * sizeof(u64);
1690 			memcpy(array, sample->user_regs.regs, sz);
1691 			array = (void *)array + sz;
1692 		} else {
1693 			*array++ = 0;
1694 		}
1695 	}
1696 
1697 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER) {
1698 		sz = sample->user_stack.size;
1699 		*array++ = sz;
1700 		if (sz) {
1701 			memcpy(array, sample->user_stack.data, sz);
1702 			array = (void *)array + sz;
1703 			*array++ = sz;
1704 		}
1705 	}
1706 
1707 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_WEIGHT_TYPE) {
1708 		arch_perf_synthesize_sample_weight(sample, array, type);
1709 		array++;
1710 	}
1711 
1712 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC) {
1713 		*array = sample->data_src;
1714 		array++;
1715 	}
1716 
1717 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION) {
1718 		*array = sample->transaction;
1719 		array++;
1720 	}
1721 
1722 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_INTR) {
1723 		if (sample->intr_regs.abi) {
1724 			*array++ = sample->intr_regs.abi;
1725 			sz = hweight64(sample->intr_regs.mask) * sizeof(u64);
1726 			memcpy(array, sample->intr_regs.regs, sz);
1727 			array = (void *)array + sz;
1728 		} else {
1729 			*array++ = 0;
1730 		}
1731 	}
1732 
1733 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_PHYS_ADDR) {
1734 		*array = sample->phys_addr;
1735 		array++;
1736 	}
1737 
1738 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_CGROUP) {
1739 		*array = sample->cgroup;
1740 		array++;
1741 	}
1742 
1743 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_PAGE_SIZE) {
1744 		*array = sample->data_page_size;
1745 		array++;
1746 	}
1747 
1748 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_CODE_PAGE_SIZE) {
1749 		*array = sample->code_page_size;
1750 		array++;
1751 	}
1752 
1753 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_AUX) {
1754 		sz = sample->aux_sample.size;
1755 		*array++ = sz;
1756 		memcpy(array, sample->aux_sample.data, sz);
1757 		array = (void *)array + sz;
1758 	}
1759 
1760 	return 0;
1761 }
1762 
1763 int perf_event__synthesize_id_sample(__u64 *array, u64 type, const struct perf_sample *sample)
1764 {
1765 	__u64 *start = array;
1766 
1767 	/*
1768 	 * used for cross-endian analysis. See git commit 65014ab3
1769 	 * for why this goofiness is needed.
1770 	 */
1771 	union u64_swap u;
1772 
1773 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_TID) {
1774 		u.val32[0] = sample->pid;
1775 		u.val32[1] = sample->tid;
1776 		*array = u.val64;
1777 		array++;
1778 	}
1779 
1780 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_TIME) {
1781 		*array = sample->time;
1782 		array++;
1783 	}
1784 
1785 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_ID) {
1786 		*array = sample->id;
1787 		array++;
1788 	}
1789 
1790 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_STREAM_ID) {
1791 		*array = sample->stream_id;
1792 		array++;
1793 	}
1794 
1795 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_CPU) {
1796 		u.val32[0] = sample->cpu;
1797 		u.val32[1] = 0;
1798 		*array = u.val64;
1799 		array++;
1800 	}
1801 
1802 	if (type & PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER) {
1803 		*array = sample->id;
1804 		array++;
1805 	}
1806 
1807 	return (void *)array - (void *)start;
1808 }
1809 
1810 int __perf_event__synthesize_id_index(struct perf_tool *tool, perf_event__handler_t process,
1811 				      struct evlist *evlist, struct machine *machine, size_t from)
1812 {
1813 	union perf_event *ev;
1814 	struct evsel *evsel;
1815 	size_t nr = 0, i = 0, sz, max_nr, n, pos;
1816 	size_t e1_sz = sizeof(struct id_index_entry);
1817 	size_t e2_sz = sizeof(struct id_index_entry_2);
1818 	size_t etot_sz = e1_sz + e2_sz;
1819 	bool e2_needed = false;
1820 	int err;
1821 
1822 	max_nr = (UINT16_MAX - sizeof(struct perf_record_id_index)) / etot_sz;
1823 
1824 	pos = 0;
1825 	evlist__for_each_entry(evlist, evsel) {
1826 		if (pos++ < from)
1827 			continue;
1828 		nr += evsel->core.ids;
1829 	}
1830 
1831 	if (!nr)
1832 		return 0;
1833 
1834 	pr_debug2("Synthesizing id index\n");
1835 
1836 	n = nr > max_nr ? max_nr : nr;
1837 	sz = sizeof(struct perf_record_id_index) + n * etot_sz;
1838 	ev = zalloc(sz);
1839 	if (!ev)
1840 		return -ENOMEM;
1841 
1842 	sz = sizeof(struct perf_record_id_index) + n * e1_sz;
1843 
1844 	ev->id_index.header.type = PERF_RECORD_ID_INDEX;
1845 	ev->id_index.nr = n;
1846 
1847 	pos = 0;
1848 	evlist__for_each_entry(evlist, evsel) {
1849 		u32 j;
1850 
1851 		if (pos++ < from)
1852 			continue;
1853 		for (j = 0; j < evsel->core.ids; j++, i++) {
1854 			struct id_index_entry *e;
1855 			struct id_index_entry_2 *e2;
1856 			struct perf_sample_id *sid;
1857 
1858 			if (i >= n) {
1859 				ev->id_index.header.size = sz + (e2_needed ? n * e2_sz : 0);
1860 				err = process(tool, ev, NULL, machine);
1861 				if (err)
1862 					goto out_err;
1863 				nr -= n;
1864 				i = 0;
1865 				e2_needed = false;
1866 			}
1867 
1868 			e = &ev->id_index.entries[i];
1869 
1870 			e->id = evsel->core.id[j];
1871 
1872 			sid = evlist__id2sid(evlist, e->id);
1873 			if (!sid) {
1874 				free(ev);
1875 				return -ENOENT;
1876 			}
1877 
1878 			e->idx = sid->idx;
1879 			e->cpu = sid->cpu.cpu;
1880 			e->tid = sid->tid;
1881 
1882 			if (sid->machine_pid)
1883 				e2_needed = true;
1884 
1885 			e2 = (void *)ev + sz;
1886 			e2[i].machine_pid = sid->machine_pid;
1887 			e2[i].vcpu        = sid->vcpu.cpu;
1888 		}
1889 	}
1890 
1891 	sz = sizeof(struct perf_record_id_index) + nr * e1_sz;
1892 	ev->id_index.header.size = sz + (e2_needed ? nr * e2_sz : 0);
1893 	ev->id_index.nr = nr;
1894 
1895 	err = process(tool, ev, NULL, machine);
1896 out_err:
1897 	free(ev);
1898 
1899 	return err;
1900 }
1901 
1902 int perf_event__synthesize_id_index(struct perf_tool *tool, perf_event__handler_t process,
1903 				    struct evlist *evlist, struct machine *machine)
1904 {
1905 	return __perf_event__synthesize_id_index(tool, process, evlist, machine, 0);
1906 }
1907 
1908 int __machine__synthesize_threads(struct machine *machine, struct perf_tool *tool,
1909 				  struct target *target, struct perf_thread_map *threads,
1910 				  perf_event__handler_t process, bool needs_mmap,
1911 				  bool data_mmap, unsigned int nr_threads_synthesize)
1912 {
1913 	/*
1914 	 * When perf runs in non-root PID namespace, and the namespace's proc FS
1915 	 * is not mounted, nsinfo__is_in_root_namespace() returns false.
1916 	 * In this case, the proc FS is coming for the parent namespace, thus
1917 	 * perf tool will wrongly gather process info from its parent PID
1918 	 * namespace.
1919 	 *
1920 	 * To avoid the confusion that the perf tool runs in a child PID
1921 	 * namespace but it synthesizes thread info from its parent PID
1922 	 * namespace, returns failure with warning.
1923 	 */
1924 	if (!nsinfo__is_in_root_namespace()) {
1925 		pr_err("Perf runs in non-root PID namespace but it tries to ");
1926 		pr_err("gather process info from its parent PID namespace.\n");
1927 		pr_err("Please mount the proc file system properly, e.g. ");
1928 		pr_err("add the option '--mount-proc' for unshare command.\n");
1929 		return -EPERM;
1930 	}
1931 
1932 	if (target__has_task(target))
1933 		return perf_event__synthesize_thread_map(tool, threads, process, machine,
1934 							 needs_mmap, data_mmap);
1935 	else if (target__has_cpu(target))
1936 		return perf_event__synthesize_threads(tool, process, machine,
1937 						      needs_mmap, data_mmap,
1938 						      nr_threads_synthesize);
1939 	/* command specified */
1940 	return 0;
1941 }
1942 
1943 int machine__synthesize_threads(struct machine *machine, struct target *target,
1944 				struct perf_thread_map *threads, bool needs_mmap,
1945 				bool data_mmap, unsigned int nr_threads_synthesize)
1946 {
1947 	return __machine__synthesize_threads(machine, NULL, target, threads,
1948 					     perf_event__process, needs_mmap,
1949 					     data_mmap, nr_threads_synthesize);
1950 }
1951 
1952 static struct perf_record_event_update *event_update_event__new(size_t size, u64 type, u64 id)
1953 {
1954 	struct perf_record_event_update *ev;
1955 
1956 	size += sizeof(*ev);
1957 	size  = PERF_ALIGN(size, sizeof(u64));
1958 
1959 	ev = zalloc(size);
1960 	if (ev) {
1961 		ev->header.type = PERF_RECORD_EVENT_UPDATE;
1962 		ev->header.size = (u16)size;
1963 		ev->type	= type;
1964 		ev->id		= id;
1965 	}
1966 	return ev;
1967 }
1968 
1969 int perf_event__synthesize_event_update_unit(struct perf_tool *tool, struct evsel *evsel,
1970 					     perf_event__handler_t process)
1971 {
1972 	size_t size = strlen(evsel->unit);
1973 	struct perf_record_event_update *ev;
1974 	int err;
1975 
1976 	ev = event_update_event__new(size + 1, PERF_EVENT_UPDATE__UNIT, evsel->core.id[0]);
1977 	if (ev == NULL)
1978 		return -ENOMEM;
1979 
1980 	strlcpy(ev->unit, evsel->unit, size + 1);
1981 	err = process(tool, (union perf_event *)ev, NULL, NULL);
1982 	free(ev);
1983 	return err;
1984 }
1985 
1986 int perf_event__synthesize_event_update_scale(struct perf_tool *tool, struct evsel *evsel,
1987 					      perf_event__handler_t process)
1988 {
1989 	struct perf_record_event_update *ev;
1990 	struct perf_record_event_update_scale *ev_data;
1991 	int err;
1992 
1993 	ev = event_update_event__new(sizeof(*ev_data), PERF_EVENT_UPDATE__SCALE, evsel->core.id[0]);
1994 	if (ev == NULL)
1995 		return -ENOMEM;
1996 
1997 	ev->scale.scale = evsel->scale;
1998 	err = process(tool, (union perf_event *)ev, NULL, NULL);
1999 	free(ev);
2000 	return err;
2001 }
2002 
2003 int perf_event__synthesize_event_update_name(struct perf_tool *tool, struct evsel *evsel,
2004 					     perf_event__handler_t process)
2005 {
2006 	struct perf_record_event_update *ev;
2007 	size_t len = strlen(evsel->name);
2008 	int err;
2009 
2010 	ev = event_update_event__new(len + 1, PERF_EVENT_UPDATE__NAME, evsel->core.id[0]);
2011 	if (ev == NULL)
2012 		return -ENOMEM;
2013 
2014 	strlcpy(ev->name, evsel->name, len + 1);
2015 	err = process(tool, (union perf_event *)ev, NULL, NULL);
2016 	free(ev);
2017 	return err;
2018 }
2019 
2020 int perf_event__synthesize_event_update_cpus(struct perf_tool *tool, struct evsel *evsel,
2021 					     perf_event__handler_t process)
2022 {
2023 	struct synthesize_cpu_map_data syn_data = { .map = evsel->core.own_cpus };
2024 	struct perf_record_event_update *ev;
2025 	int err;
2026 
2027 	ev = cpu_map_data__alloc(&syn_data, sizeof(struct perf_event_header) + 2 * sizeof(u64));
2028 	if (!ev)
2029 		return -ENOMEM;
2030 
2031 	syn_data.data = &ev->cpus.cpus;
2032 	ev->header.type = PERF_RECORD_EVENT_UPDATE;
2033 	ev->header.size = (u16)syn_data.size;
2034 	ev->type	= PERF_EVENT_UPDATE__CPUS;
2035 	ev->id		= evsel->core.id[0];
2036 	cpu_map_data__synthesize(&syn_data);
2037 
2038 	err = process(tool, (union perf_event *)ev, NULL, NULL);
2039 	free(ev);
2040 	return err;
2041 }
2042 
2043 int perf_event__synthesize_attrs(struct perf_tool *tool, struct evlist *evlist,
2044 				 perf_event__handler_t process)
2045 {
2046 	struct evsel *evsel;
2047 	int err = 0;
2048 
2049 	evlist__for_each_entry(evlist, evsel) {
2050 		err = perf_event__synthesize_attr(tool, &evsel->core.attr, evsel->core.ids,
2051 						  evsel->core.id, process);
2052 		if (err) {
2053 			pr_debug("failed to create perf header attribute\n");
2054 			return err;
2055 		}
2056 	}
2057 
2058 	return err;
2059 }
2060 
2061 static bool has_unit(struct evsel *evsel)
2062 {
2063 	return evsel->unit && *evsel->unit;
2064 }
2065 
2066 static bool has_scale(struct evsel *evsel)
2067 {
2068 	return evsel->scale != 1;
2069 }
2070 
2071 int perf_event__synthesize_extra_attr(struct perf_tool *tool, struct evlist *evsel_list,
2072 				      perf_event__handler_t process, bool is_pipe)
2073 {
2074 	struct evsel *evsel;
2075 	int err;
2076 
2077 	/*
2078 	 * Synthesize other events stuff not carried within
2079 	 * attr event - unit, scale, name
2080 	 */
2081 	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, evsel) {
2082 		if (!evsel->supported)
2083 			continue;
2084 
2085 		/*
2086 		 * Synthesize unit and scale only if it's defined.
2087 		 */
2088 		if (has_unit(evsel)) {
2089 			err = perf_event__synthesize_event_update_unit(tool, evsel, process);
2090 			if (err < 0) {
2091 				pr_err("Couldn't synthesize evsel unit.\n");
2092 				return err;
2093 			}
2094 		}
2095 
2096 		if (has_scale(evsel)) {
2097 			err = perf_event__synthesize_event_update_scale(tool, evsel, process);
2098 			if (err < 0) {
2099 				pr_err("Couldn't synthesize evsel evsel.\n");
2100 				return err;
2101 			}
2102 		}
2103 
2104 		if (evsel->core.own_cpus) {
2105 			err = perf_event__synthesize_event_update_cpus(tool, evsel, process);
2106 			if (err < 0) {
2107 				pr_err("Couldn't synthesize evsel cpus.\n");
2108 				return err;
2109 			}
2110 		}
2111 
2112 		/*
2113 		 * Name is needed only for pipe output,
2114 		 * perf.data carries event names.
2115 		 */
2116 		if (is_pipe) {
2117 			err = perf_event__synthesize_event_update_name(tool, evsel, process);
2118 			if (err < 0) {
2119 				pr_err("Couldn't synthesize evsel name.\n");
2120 				return err;
2121 			}
2122 		}
2123 	}
2124 	return 0;
2125 }
2126 
2127 int perf_event__synthesize_attr(struct perf_tool *tool, struct perf_event_attr *attr,
2128 				u32 ids, u64 *id, perf_event__handler_t process)
2129 {
2130 	union perf_event *ev;
2131 	size_t size;
2132 	int err;
2133 
2134 	size = sizeof(struct perf_event_attr);
2135 	size = PERF_ALIGN(size, sizeof(u64));
2136 	size += sizeof(struct perf_event_header);
2137 	size += ids * sizeof(u64);
2138 
2139 	ev = zalloc(size);
2140 
2141 	if (ev == NULL)
2142 		return -ENOMEM;
2143 
2144 	ev->attr.attr = *attr;
2145 	memcpy(ev->attr.id, id, ids * sizeof(u64));
2146 
2147 	ev->attr.header.type = PERF_RECORD_HEADER_ATTR;
2148 	ev->attr.header.size = (u16)size;
2149 
2150 	if (ev->attr.header.size == size)
2151 		err = process(tool, ev, NULL, NULL);
2152 	else
2153 		err = -E2BIG;
2154 
2155 	free(ev);
2156 
2157 	return err;
2158 }
2159 
2160 #ifdef HAVE_LIBTRACEEVENT
2161 int perf_event__synthesize_tracing_data(struct perf_tool *tool, int fd, struct evlist *evlist,
2162 					perf_event__handler_t process)
2163 {
2164 	union perf_event ev;
2165 	struct tracing_data *tdata;
2166 	ssize_t size = 0, aligned_size = 0, padding;
2167 	struct feat_fd ff;
2168 
2169 	/*
2170 	 * We are going to store the size of the data followed
2171 	 * by the data contents. Since the fd descriptor is a pipe,
2172 	 * we cannot seek back to store the size of the data once
2173 	 * we know it. Instead we:
2174 	 *
2175 	 * - write the tracing data to the temp file
2176 	 * - get/write the data size to pipe
2177 	 * - write the tracing data from the temp file
2178 	 *   to the pipe
2179 	 */
2180 	tdata = tracing_data_get(&evlist->core.entries, fd, true);
2181 	if (!tdata)
2182 		return -1;
2183 
2184 	memset(&ev, 0, sizeof(ev));
2185 
2186 	ev.tracing_data.header.type = PERF_RECORD_HEADER_TRACING_DATA;
2187 	size = tdata->size;
2188 	aligned_size = PERF_ALIGN(size, sizeof(u64));
2189 	padding = aligned_size - size;
2190 	ev.tracing_data.header.size = sizeof(ev.tracing_data);
2191 	ev.tracing_data.size = aligned_size;
2192 
2193 	process(tool, &ev, NULL, NULL);
2194 
2195 	/*
2196 	 * The put function will copy all the tracing data
2197 	 * stored in temp file to the pipe.
2198 	 */
2199 	tracing_data_put(tdata);
2200 
2201 	ff = (struct feat_fd){ .fd = fd };
2202 	if (write_padded(&ff, NULL, 0, padding))
2203 		return -1;
2204 
2205 	return aligned_size;
2206 }
2207 #endif
2208 
2209 int perf_event__synthesize_build_id(struct perf_tool *tool, struct dso *pos, u16 misc,
2210 				    perf_event__handler_t process, struct machine *machine)
2211 {
2212 	union perf_event ev;
2213 	size_t len;
2214 
2215 	if (!pos->hit)
2216 		return 0;
2217 
2218 	memset(&ev, 0, sizeof(ev));
2219 
2220 	len = pos->long_name_len + 1;
2221 	len = PERF_ALIGN(len, NAME_ALIGN);
2222 	ev.build_id.size = min(pos->bid.size, sizeof(pos->bid.data));
2223 	memcpy(&ev.build_id.build_id, pos->bid.data, ev.build_id.size);
2224 	ev.build_id.header.type = PERF_RECORD_HEADER_BUILD_ID;
2225 	ev.build_id.header.misc = misc | PERF_RECORD_MISC_BUILD_ID_SIZE;
2226 	ev.build_id.pid = machine->pid;
2227 	ev.build_id.header.size = sizeof(ev.build_id) + len;
2228 	memcpy(&ev.build_id.filename, pos->long_name, pos->long_name_len);
2229 
2230 	return process(tool, &ev, NULL, machine);
2231 }
2232 
2233 int perf_event__synthesize_stat_events(struct perf_stat_config *config, struct perf_tool *tool,
2234 				       struct evlist *evlist, perf_event__handler_t process, bool attrs)
2235 {
2236 	int err;
2237 
2238 	if (attrs) {
2239 		err = perf_event__synthesize_attrs(tool, evlist, process);
2240 		if (err < 0) {
2241 			pr_err("Couldn't synthesize attrs.\n");
2242 			return err;
2243 		}
2244 	}
2245 
2246 	err = perf_event__synthesize_extra_attr(tool, evlist, process, attrs);
2247 	err = perf_event__synthesize_thread_map2(tool, evlist->core.threads, process, NULL);
2248 	if (err < 0) {
2249 		pr_err("Couldn't synthesize thread map.\n");
2250 		return err;
2251 	}
2252 
2253 	err = perf_event__synthesize_cpu_map(tool, evlist->core.user_requested_cpus, process, NULL);
2254 	if (err < 0) {
2255 		pr_err("Couldn't synthesize thread map.\n");
2256 		return err;
2257 	}
2258 
2259 	err = perf_event__synthesize_stat_config(tool, config, process, NULL);
2260 	if (err < 0) {
2261 		pr_err("Couldn't synthesize config.\n");
2262 		return err;
2263 	}
2264 
2265 	return 0;
2266 }
2267 
2268 extern const struct perf_header_feature_ops feat_ops[HEADER_LAST_FEATURE];
2269 
2270 int perf_event__synthesize_features(struct perf_tool *tool, struct perf_session *session,
2271 				    struct evlist *evlist, perf_event__handler_t process)
2272 {
2273 	struct perf_header *header = &session->header;
2274 	struct perf_record_header_feature *fe;
2275 	struct feat_fd ff;
2276 	size_t sz, sz_hdr;
2277 	int feat, ret;
2278 
2279 	sz_hdr = sizeof(fe->header);
2280 	sz = sizeof(union perf_event);
2281 	/* get a nice alignment */
2282 	sz = PERF_ALIGN(sz, page_size);
2283 
2284 	memset(&ff, 0, sizeof(ff));
2285 
2286 	ff.buf = malloc(sz);
2287 	if (!ff.buf)
2288 		return -ENOMEM;
2289 
2290 	ff.size = sz - sz_hdr;
2291 	ff.ph = &session->header;
2292 
2293 	for_each_set_bit(feat, header->adds_features, HEADER_FEAT_BITS) {
2294 		if (!feat_ops[feat].synthesize) {
2295 			pr_debug("No record header feature for header :%d\n", feat);
2296 			continue;
2297 		}
2298 
2299 		ff.offset = sizeof(*fe);
2300 
2301 		ret = feat_ops[feat].write(&ff, evlist);
2302 		if (ret || ff.offset <= (ssize_t)sizeof(*fe)) {
2303 			pr_debug("Error writing feature\n");
2304 			continue;
2305 		}
2306 		/* ff.buf may have changed due to realloc in do_write() */
2307 		fe = ff.buf;
2308 		memset(fe, 0, sizeof(*fe));
2309 
2310 		fe->feat_id = feat;
2311 		fe->header.type = PERF_RECORD_HEADER_FEATURE;
2312 		fe->header.size = ff.offset;
2313 
2314 		ret = process(tool, ff.buf, NULL, NULL);
2315 		if (ret) {
2316 			free(ff.buf);
2317 			return ret;
2318 		}
2319 	}
2320 
2321 	/* Send HEADER_LAST_FEATURE mark. */
2322 	fe = ff.buf;
2323 	fe->feat_id     = HEADER_LAST_FEATURE;
2324 	fe->header.type = PERF_RECORD_HEADER_FEATURE;
2325 	fe->header.size = sizeof(*fe);
2326 
2327 	ret = process(tool, ff.buf, NULL, NULL);
2328 
2329 	free(ff.buf);
2330 	return ret;
2331 }
2332 
2333 int perf_event__synthesize_for_pipe(struct perf_tool *tool,
2334 				    struct perf_session *session,
2335 				    struct perf_data *data,
2336 				    perf_event__handler_t process)
2337 {
2338 	int err;
2339 	int ret = 0;
2340 	struct evlist *evlist = session->evlist;
2341 
2342 	/*
2343 	 * We need to synthesize events first, because some
2344 	 * features works on top of them (on report side).
2345 	 */
2346 	err = perf_event__synthesize_attrs(tool, evlist, process);
2347 	if (err < 0) {
2348 		pr_err("Couldn't synthesize attrs.\n");
2349 		return err;
2350 	}
2351 	ret += err;
2352 
2353 	err = perf_event__synthesize_features(tool, session, evlist, process);
2354 	if (err < 0) {
2355 		pr_err("Couldn't synthesize features.\n");
2356 		return err;
2357 	}
2358 	ret += err;
2359 
2360 #ifdef HAVE_LIBTRACEEVENT
2361 	if (have_tracepoints(&evlist->core.entries)) {
2362 		int fd = perf_data__fd(data);
2363 
2364 		/*
2365 		 * FIXME err <= 0 here actually means that
2366 		 * there were no tracepoints so its not really
2367 		 * an error, just that we don't need to
2368 		 * synthesize anything.  We really have to
2369 		 * return this more properly and also
2370 		 * propagate errors that now are calling die()
2371 		 */
2372 		err = perf_event__synthesize_tracing_data(tool,	fd, evlist,
2373 							  process);
2374 		if (err <= 0) {
2375 			pr_err("Couldn't record tracing data.\n");
2376 			return err;
2377 		}
2378 		ret += err;
2379 	}
2380 #else
2381 	(void)data;
2382 #endif
2383 
2384 	return ret;
2385 }
2386 
2387 int parse_synth_opt(char *synth)
2388 {
2389 	char *p, *q;
2390 	int ret = 0;
2391 
2392 	if (synth == NULL)
2393 		return -1;
2394 
2395 	for (q = synth; (p = strsep(&q, ",")); p = q) {
2396 		if (!strcasecmp(p, "no") || !strcasecmp(p, "none"))
2397 			return 0;
2398 
2399 		if (!strcasecmp(p, "all"))
2400 			return PERF_SYNTH_ALL;
2401 
2402 		if (!strcasecmp(p, "task"))
2403 			ret |= PERF_SYNTH_TASK;
2404 		else if (!strcasecmp(p, "mmap"))
2405 			ret |= PERF_SYNTH_TASK | PERF_SYNTH_MMAP;
2406 		else if (!strcasecmp(p, "cgroup"))
2407 			ret |= PERF_SYNTH_CGROUP;
2408 		else
2409 			return -1;
2410 	}
2411 
2412 	return ret;
2413 }
2414