xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/perf/util/stat-shadow.c (revision 711aab1d)
1 #include <stdio.h>
2 #include "evsel.h"
3 #include "stat.h"
4 #include "color.h"
5 #include "pmu.h"
6 #include "rblist.h"
7 #include "evlist.h"
8 #include "expr.h"
9 
10 enum {
11 	CTX_BIT_USER	= 1 << 0,
12 	CTX_BIT_KERNEL	= 1 << 1,
13 	CTX_BIT_HV	= 1 << 2,
14 	CTX_BIT_HOST	= 1 << 3,
15 	CTX_BIT_IDLE	= 1 << 4,
16 	CTX_BIT_MAX	= 1 << 5,
17 };
18 
19 #define NUM_CTX CTX_BIT_MAX
20 
21 /*
22  * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
23  * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
24  * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
25  * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
26  * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
27  */
28 static struct stats runtime_nsecs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
29 static struct stats runtime_cycles_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
30 static struct stats runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
31 static struct stats runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
32 static struct stats runtime_branches_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
33 static struct stats runtime_cacherefs_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
34 static struct stats runtime_l1_dcache_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
35 static struct stats runtime_l1_icache_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
36 static struct stats runtime_ll_cache_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
37 static struct stats runtime_itlb_cache_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
38 static struct stats runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
39 static struct stats runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
40 static struct stats runtime_transaction_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
41 static struct stats runtime_elision_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
42 static struct stats runtime_topdown_total_slots[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
43 static struct stats runtime_topdown_slots_issued[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
44 static struct stats runtime_topdown_slots_retired[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
45 static struct stats runtime_topdown_fetch_bubbles[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
46 static struct stats runtime_topdown_recovery_bubbles[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
47 static struct stats runtime_smi_num_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
48 static struct stats runtime_aperf_stats[NUM_CTX][MAX_NR_CPUS];
49 static struct rblist runtime_saved_values;
50 static bool have_frontend_stalled;
51 
52 struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
53 
54 struct saved_value {
55 	struct rb_node rb_node;
56 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
57 	int cpu;
58 	int ctx;
59 	struct stats stats;
60 };
61 
62 static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
63 {
64 	struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
65 					     struct saved_value,
66 					     rb_node);
67 	const struct saved_value *b = entry;
68 
69 	if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
70 		return a->ctx - b->ctx;
71 	if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
72 		return a->cpu - b->cpu;
73 	if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
74 		return 0;
75 	if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
76 		return -1;
77 	return +1;
78 }
79 
80 static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
81 				     const void *entry)
82 {
83 	struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
84 
85 	if (!nd)
86 		return NULL;
87 	memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
88 	return &nd->rb_node;
89 }
90 
91 static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
92 					      int cpu, int ctx,
93 					      bool create)
94 {
95 	struct rb_node *nd;
96 	struct saved_value dm = {
97 		.cpu = cpu,
98 		.ctx = ctx,
99 		.evsel = evsel,
100 	};
101 	nd = rblist__find(&runtime_saved_values, &dm);
102 	if (nd)
103 		return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
104 	if (create) {
105 		rblist__add_node(&runtime_saved_values, &dm);
106 		nd = rblist__find(&runtime_saved_values, &dm);
107 		if (nd)
108 			return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
109 	}
110 	return NULL;
111 }
112 
113 void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
114 {
115 	have_frontend_stalled = pmu_have_event("cpu", "stalled-cycles-frontend");
116 	rblist__init(&runtime_saved_values);
117 	runtime_saved_values.node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
118 	runtime_saved_values.node_new = saved_value_new;
119 	/* No delete for now */
120 }
121 
122 static int evsel_context(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
123 {
124 	int ctx = 0;
125 
126 	if (evsel->attr.exclude_kernel)
127 		ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
128 	if (evsel->attr.exclude_user)
129 		ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
130 	if (evsel->attr.exclude_hv)
131 		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
132 	if (evsel->attr.exclude_host)
133 		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
134 	if (evsel->attr.exclude_idle)
135 		ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
136 
137 	return ctx;
138 }
139 
140 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
141 {
142 	struct rb_node *pos, *next;
143 
144 	memset(runtime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_nsecs_stats));
145 	memset(runtime_cycles_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_cycles_stats));
146 	memset(runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats));
147 	memset(runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats));
148 	memset(runtime_branches_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_branches_stats));
149 	memset(runtime_cacherefs_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_cacherefs_stats));
150 	memset(runtime_l1_dcache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_l1_dcache_stats));
151 	memset(runtime_l1_icache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_l1_icache_stats));
152 	memset(runtime_ll_cache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_ll_cache_stats));
153 	memset(runtime_itlb_cache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_itlb_cache_stats));
154 	memset(runtime_dtlb_cache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_dtlb_cache_stats));
155 	memset(runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats, 0,
156 			sizeof(runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats));
157 	memset(runtime_transaction_stats, 0,
158 		sizeof(runtime_transaction_stats));
159 	memset(runtime_elision_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_elision_stats));
160 	memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
161 	memset(runtime_topdown_total_slots, 0, sizeof(runtime_topdown_total_slots));
162 	memset(runtime_topdown_slots_retired, 0, sizeof(runtime_topdown_slots_retired));
163 	memset(runtime_topdown_slots_issued, 0, sizeof(runtime_topdown_slots_issued));
164 	memset(runtime_topdown_fetch_bubbles, 0, sizeof(runtime_topdown_fetch_bubbles));
165 	memset(runtime_topdown_recovery_bubbles, 0, sizeof(runtime_topdown_recovery_bubbles));
166 	memset(runtime_smi_num_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_smi_num_stats));
167 	memset(runtime_aperf_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_aperf_stats));
168 
169 	next = rb_first(&runtime_saved_values.entries);
170 	while (next) {
171 		pos = next;
172 		next = rb_next(pos);
173 		memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
174 		       0,
175 		       sizeof(struct stats));
176 	}
177 }
178 
179 /*
180  * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
181  * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
182  * instruction rates, etc:
183  */
184 void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *counter, u64 *count,
185 				    int cpu)
186 {
187 	int ctx = evsel_context(counter);
188 
189 	if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK) ||
190 	    perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK))
191 		update_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu], count[0]);
192 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
193 		update_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
194 	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
195 		update_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
196 	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
197 		update_stats(&runtime_transaction_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
198 	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
199 		update_stats(&runtime_elision_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
200 	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
201 		update_stats(&runtime_topdown_total_slots[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
202 	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
203 		update_stats(&runtime_topdown_slots_issued[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
204 	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
205 		update_stats(&runtime_topdown_slots_retired[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
206 	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
207 		update_stats(&runtime_topdown_fetch_bubbles[ctx][cpu],count[0]);
208 	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
209 		update_stats(&runtime_topdown_recovery_bubbles[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
210 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
211 		update_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
212 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
213 		update_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
214 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
215 		update_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
216 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
217 		update_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
218 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
219 		update_stats(&runtime_l1_dcache_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
220 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
221 		update_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
222 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
223 		update_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
224 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
225 		update_stats(&runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
226 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
227 		update_stats(&runtime_itlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
228 	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
229 		update_stats(&runtime_smi_num_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
230 	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
231 		update_stats(&runtime_aperf_stats[ctx][cpu], count[0]);
232 
233 	if (counter->collect_stat) {
234 		struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, ctx,
235 							   true);
236 		update_stats(&v->stats, count[0]);
237 	}
238 }
239 
240 /* used for get_ratio_color() */
241 enum grc_type {
242 	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
243 	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
244 	GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
245 	GRC_MAX_NR
246 };
247 
248 static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
249 {
250 	static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
251 		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
252 		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
253 		[GRC_CACHE_MISSES] 	= { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
254 	};
255 	const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
256 
257 	if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
258 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
259 	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
260 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
261 	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
262 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
263 
264 	return color;
265 }
266 
267 static struct perf_evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list,
268 						const char *name)
269 {
270 	struct perf_evsel *c2;
271 
272 	evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
273 		if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name))
274 			return c2;
275 	}
276 	return NULL;
277 }
278 
279 /* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
280 void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list)
281 {
282 	struct perf_evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
283 	bool found;
284 	const char **metric_names;
285 	int i;
286 	int num_metric_names;
287 
288 	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
289 		bool invalid = false;
290 
291 		leader = counter->leader;
292 		if (!counter->metric_expr)
293 			continue;
294 		metric_events = counter->metric_events;
295 		if (!metric_events) {
296 			if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr, counter->name,
297 						&metric_names, &num_metric_names) < 0)
298 				continue;
299 
300 			metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct perf_evsel *),
301 					       num_metric_names + 1);
302 			if (!metric_events)
303 				return;
304 			counter->metric_events = metric_events;
305 		}
306 
307 		for (i = 0; i < num_metric_names; i++) {
308 			found = false;
309 			if (leader) {
310 				/* Search in group */
311 				for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
312 					if (!strcasecmp(oc->name, metric_names[i])) {
313 						found = true;
314 						break;
315 					}
316 				}
317 			}
318 			if (!found) {
319 				/* Search ignoring groups */
320 				oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list, metric_names[i]);
321 			}
322 			if (!oc) {
323 				/* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
324 				static char *printed;
325 
326 				/*
327 				 * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
328 				 * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
329 				 * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
330 				 * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
331 				 * events.
332 				 */
333 				if (!printed || strcasecmp(printed, metric_names[i])) {
334 					fprintf(stderr,
335 						"Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
336 						metric_names[i],
337 						counter->name);
338 					printed = strdup(metric_names[i]);
339 				}
340 				invalid = true;
341 				continue;
342 			}
343 			metric_events[i] = oc;
344 			oc->collect_stat = true;
345 		}
346 		metric_events[i] = NULL;
347 		free(metric_names);
348 		if (invalid) {
349 			free(metric_events);
350 			counter->metric_events = NULL;
351 			counter->metric_expr = NULL;
352 		}
353 	}
354 }
355 
356 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(int cpu,
357 					  struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
358 					  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
359 {
360 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
361 	const char *color;
362 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
363 
364 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
365 
366 	if (total)
367 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
368 
369 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
370 
371 	if (ratio)
372 		out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
373 				  ratio);
374 	else
375 		out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
376 }
377 
378 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(int cpu,
379 					 struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
380 					 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
381 {
382 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
383 	const char *color;
384 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
385 
386 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
387 
388 	if (total)
389 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
390 
391 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
392 
393 	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
394 }
395 
396 static void print_branch_misses(int cpu,
397 				struct perf_evsel *evsel,
398 				double avg,
399 				struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
400 {
401 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
402 	const char *color;
403 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
404 
405 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[ctx][cpu]);
406 
407 	if (total)
408 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
409 
410 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
411 
412 	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
413 }
414 
415 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(int cpu,
416 				   struct perf_evsel *evsel,
417 				   double avg,
418 				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
419 {
420 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
421 	const char *color;
422 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
423 
424 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_l1_dcache_stats[ctx][cpu]);
425 
426 	if (total)
427 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
428 
429 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
430 
431 	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache hits", ratio);
432 }
433 
434 static void print_l1_icache_misses(int cpu,
435 				   struct perf_evsel *evsel,
436 				   double avg,
437 				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
438 {
439 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
440 	const char *color;
441 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
442 
443 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_l1_icache_stats[ctx][cpu]);
444 
445 	if (total)
446 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
447 
448 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
449 	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache hits", ratio);
450 }
451 
452 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
453 				    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
454 				    double avg,
455 				    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
456 {
457 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
458 	const char *color;
459 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
460 
461 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu]);
462 
463 	if (total)
464 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
465 
466 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
467 	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache hits", ratio);
468 }
469 
470 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
471 				    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
472 				    double avg,
473 				    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
474 {
475 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
476 	const char *color;
477 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
478 
479 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_itlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu]);
480 
481 	if (total)
482 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
483 
484 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
485 	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache hits", ratio);
486 }
487 
488 static void print_ll_cache_misses(int cpu,
489 				  struct perf_evsel *evsel,
490 				  double avg,
491 				  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
492 {
493 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
494 	const char *color;
495 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
496 
497 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[ctx][cpu]);
498 
499 	if (total)
500 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
501 
502 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
503 	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache hits", ratio);
504 }
505 
506 /*
507  * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
508  *
509  * Basic concept following
510  * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
511  * ISPASS14
512  *
513  * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
514  *
515  * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
516  * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
517  * (for example branch mispredictions)
518  * Frontend is instruction decoding.
519  * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
520  * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
521  *
522  * The formulas are computed in slots.
523  * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
524  * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
525  *
526  * Formulas:
527  * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
528  *			TotalSlots
529  * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
530  * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
531  * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
532  *
533  * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
534  * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
535  *
536  * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
537  *
538  * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
539  *
540  * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
541  * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
542  *
543  * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
544  * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
545  * support Level 1 TopDown.
546  */
547 
548 static double sanitize_val(double x)
549 {
550 	if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
551 		return 0.0;
552 	return x;
553 }
554 
555 static double td_total_slots(int ctx, int cpu)
556 {
557 	return avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_total_slots[ctx][cpu]);
558 }
559 
560 static double td_bad_spec(int ctx, int cpu)
561 {
562 	double bad_spec = 0;
563 	double total_slots;
564 	double total;
565 
566 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_slots_issued[ctx][cpu]) -
567 		avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_slots_retired[ctx][cpu]) +
568 		avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_recovery_bubbles[ctx][cpu]);
569 	total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu);
570 	if (total_slots)
571 		bad_spec = total / total_slots;
572 	return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
573 }
574 
575 static double td_retiring(int ctx, int cpu)
576 {
577 	double retiring = 0;
578 	double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu);
579 	double ret_slots = avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_slots_retired[ctx][cpu]);
580 
581 	if (total_slots)
582 		retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
583 	return retiring;
584 }
585 
586 static double td_fe_bound(int ctx, int cpu)
587 {
588 	double fe_bound = 0;
589 	double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu);
590 	double fetch_bub = avg_stats(&runtime_topdown_fetch_bubbles[ctx][cpu]);
591 
592 	if (total_slots)
593 		fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
594 	return fe_bound;
595 }
596 
597 static double td_be_bound(int ctx, int cpu)
598 {
599 	double sum = (td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu) +
600 		      td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu) +
601 		      td_retiring(ctx, cpu));
602 	if (sum == 0)
603 		return 0;
604 	return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
605 }
606 
607 static void print_smi_cost(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel,
608 			   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
609 {
610 	double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
611 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
612 	const char *color = NULL;
613 
614 	smi_num = avg_stats(&runtime_smi_num_stats[ctx][cpu]);
615 	aperf = avg_stats(&runtime_aperf_stats[ctx][cpu]);
616 	cycles = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
617 
618 	if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
619 		return;
620 
621 	if (smi_num)
622 		cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
623 
624 	if (cost > 10)
625 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
626 	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
627 	out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
628 }
629 
630 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
631 				   double avg, int cpu,
632 				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
633 {
634 	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
635 	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
636 	double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
637 	const char *color = NULL;
638 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
639 
640 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
641 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
642 		if (total) {
643 			ratio = avg / total;
644 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
645 					"insn per cycle", ratio);
646 		} else {
647 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
648 		}
649 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[ctx][cpu]);
650 		total = max(total, avg_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[ctx][cpu]));
651 
652 		if (total && avg) {
653 			out->new_line(ctxp);
654 			ratio = total / avg;
655 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
656 					"stalled cycles per insn",
657 					ratio);
658 		} else if (have_frontend_stalled) {
659 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
660 				     "stalled cycles per insn", 0);
661 		}
662 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
663 		if (runtime_branches_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
664 			print_branch_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
665 		else
666 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
667 	} else if (
668 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
669 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
670 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
671 					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
672 		if (runtime_l1_dcache_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
673 			print_l1_dcache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
674 		else
675 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache hits", 0);
676 	} else if (
677 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
678 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
679 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
680 					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
681 		if (runtime_l1_icache_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
682 			print_l1_icache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
683 		else
684 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache hits", 0);
685 	} else if (
686 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
687 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
688 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
689 					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
690 		if (runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
691 			print_dtlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
692 		else
693 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache hits", 0);
694 	} else if (
695 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
696 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
697 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
698 					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
699 		if (runtime_itlb_cache_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
700 			print_itlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
701 		else
702 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache hits", 0);
703 	} else if (
704 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
705 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
706 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
707 					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
708 		if (runtime_ll_cache_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
709 			print_ll_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
710 		else
711 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache hits", 0);
712 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
713 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[ctx][cpu]);
714 
715 		if (total)
716 			ratio = avg * 100 / total;
717 
718 		if (runtime_cacherefs_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
719 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
720 				     "of all cache refs", ratio);
721 		else
722 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
723 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
724 		print_stalled_cycles_frontend(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
725 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
726 		print_stalled_cycles_backend(cpu, evsel, avg, out);
727 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
728 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);
729 
730 		if (total) {
731 			ratio = avg / total;
732 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
733 		} else {
734 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
735 		}
736 	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
737 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
738 		if (total)
739 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL,
740 					"%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
741 					100.0 * (avg / total));
742 		else
743 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
744 				     0);
745 	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
746 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
747 		total2 = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[ctx][cpu]);
748 		if (total2 < avg)
749 			total2 = avg;
750 		if (total)
751 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
752 				100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
753 		else
754 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
755 	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
756 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[ctx][cpu]);
757 
758 		if (avg)
759 			ratio = total / avg;
760 
761 		if (runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[ctx][cpu].n != 0)
762 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
763 				     "cycles / transaction", ratio);
764 		else
765 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
766 				     0);
767 	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
768 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[ctx][cpu]);
769 
770 		if (avg)
771 			ratio = total / avg;
772 
773 		print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
774 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK) ||
775 		   perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK)) {
776 		if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
777 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
778 				     avg / ratio);
779 		else
780 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
781 	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
782 		double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu);
783 
784 		if (fe_bound > 0.2)
785 			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
786 		print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
787 				fe_bound * 100.);
788 	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
789 		double retiring = td_retiring(ctx, cpu);
790 
791 		if (retiring > 0.7)
792 			color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
793 		print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
794 				retiring * 100.);
795 	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
796 		double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu);
797 
798 		if (bad_spec > 0.1)
799 			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
800 		print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
801 				bad_spec * 100.);
802 	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
803 		double be_bound = td_be_bound(ctx, cpu);
804 		const char *name = "backend bound";
805 		static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
806 
807 		/* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
808 		if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
809 			have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
810 					"topdown-recovery-bubbles");
811 		if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
812 			name = "backend bound/bad spec";
813 
814 		if (be_bound > 0.2)
815 			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
816 		if (td_total_slots(ctx, cpu) > 0)
817 			print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
818 					be_bound * 100.);
819 		else
820 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
821 	} else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
822 		struct parse_ctx pctx;
823 		int i;
824 
825 		expr__ctx_init(&pctx);
826 		expr__add_id(&pctx, evsel->name, avg);
827 		for (i = 0; evsel->metric_events[i]; i++) {
828 			struct saved_value *v;
829 
830 			v = saved_value_lookup(evsel->metric_events[i], cpu, ctx, false);
831 			if (!v)
832 				break;
833 			expr__add_id(&pctx, evsel->metric_events[i]->name,
834 					     avg_stats(&v->stats));
835 		}
836 		if (!evsel->metric_events[i]) {
837 			const char *p = evsel->metric_expr;
838 
839 			if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, &p) == 0)
840 				print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
841 					evsel->metric_name ?
842 					evsel->metric_name :
843 					out->force_header ?  evsel->name : "",
844 					ratio);
845 			else
846 				print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
847 		} else
848 			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
849 	} else if (runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
850 		char unit = 'M';
851 		char unit_buf[10];
852 
853 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);
854 
855 		if (total)
856 			ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
857 		if (ratio < 0.001) {
858 			ratio *= 1000;
859 			unit = 'K';
860 		}
861 		snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
862 		print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
863 	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
864 		print_smi_cost(cpu, evsel, out);
865 	} else {
866 		print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
867 	}
868 }
869