xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/perf/util/parse-events.c (revision a06c488d)
1 #include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
2 #include <linux/err.h>
3 #include "util.h"
4 #include "../perf.h"
5 #include "evlist.h"
6 #include "evsel.h"
7 #include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
8 #include "parse-events.h"
9 #include <subcmd/exec-cmd.h>
10 #include "string.h"
11 #include "symbol.h"
12 #include "cache.h"
13 #include "header.h"
14 #include "bpf-loader.h"
15 #include "debug.h"
16 #include <api/fs/tracing_path.h>
17 #include "parse-events-bison.h"
18 #define YY_EXTRA_TYPE int
19 #include "parse-events-flex.h"
20 #include "pmu.h"
21 #include "thread_map.h"
22 #include "cpumap.h"
23 #include "asm/bug.h"
24 
25 #define MAX_NAME_LEN 100
26 
27 #ifdef PARSER_DEBUG
28 extern int parse_events_debug;
29 #endif
30 int parse_events_parse(void *data, void *scanner);
31 static int get_config_terms(struct list_head *head_config,
32 			    struct list_head *head_terms __maybe_unused);
33 
34 static struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *perf_pmu_events_list;
35 /*
36  * The variable indicates the number of supported pmu event symbols.
37  * 0 means not initialized and ready to init
38  * -1 means failed to init, don't try anymore
39  * >0 is the number of supported pmu event symbols
40  */
41 static int perf_pmu_events_list_num;
42 
43 struct event_symbol event_symbols_hw[PERF_COUNT_HW_MAX] = {
44 	[PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES] = {
45 		.symbol = "cpu-cycles",
46 		.alias  = "cycles",
47 	},
48 	[PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS] = {
49 		.symbol = "instructions",
50 		.alias  = "",
51 	},
52 	[PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_REFERENCES] = {
53 		.symbol = "cache-references",
54 		.alias  = "",
55 	},
56 	[PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MISSES] = {
57 		.symbol = "cache-misses",
58 		.alias  = "",
59 	},
60 	[PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS] = {
61 		.symbol = "branch-instructions",
62 		.alias  = "branches",
63 	},
64 	[PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES] = {
65 		.symbol = "branch-misses",
66 		.alias  = "",
67 	},
68 	[PERF_COUNT_HW_BUS_CYCLES] = {
69 		.symbol = "bus-cycles",
70 		.alias  = "",
71 	},
72 	[PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND] = {
73 		.symbol = "stalled-cycles-frontend",
74 		.alias  = "idle-cycles-frontend",
75 	},
76 	[PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND] = {
77 		.symbol = "stalled-cycles-backend",
78 		.alias  = "idle-cycles-backend",
79 	},
80 	[PERF_COUNT_HW_REF_CPU_CYCLES] = {
81 		.symbol = "ref-cycles",
82 		.alias  = "",
83 	},
84 };
85 
86 struct event_symbol event_symbols_sw[PERF_COUNT_SW_MAX] = {
87 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_CLOCK] = {
88 		.symbol = "cpu-clock",
89 		.alias  = "",
90 	},
91 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK] = {
92 		.symbol = "task-clock",
93 		.alias  = "",
94 	},
95 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS] = {
96 		.symbol = "page-faults",
97 		.alias  = "faults",
98 	},
99 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES] = {
100 		.symbol = "context-switches",
101 		.alias  = "cs",
102 	},
103 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS] = {
104 		.symbol = "cpu-migrations",
105 		.alias  = "migrations",
106 	},
107 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MIN] = {
108 		.symbol = "minor-faults",
109 		.alias  = "",
110 	},
111 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MAJ] = {
112 		.symbol = "major-faults",
113 		.alias  = "",
114 	},
115 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_ALIGNMENT_FAULTS] = {
116 		.symbol = "alignment-faults",
117 		.alias  = "",
118 	},
119 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_EMULATION_FAULTS] = {
120 		.symbol = "emulation-faults",
121 		.alias  = "",
122 	},
123 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_DUMMY] = {
124 		.symbol = "dummy",
125 		.alias  = "",
126 	},
127 	[PERF_COUNT_SW_BPF_OUTPUT] = {
128 		.symbol = "bpf-output",
129 		.alias  = "",
130 	},
131 };
132 
133 #define __PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, name) \
134 	((config & PERF_EVENT_##name##_MASK) >> PERF_EVENT_##name##_SHIFT)
135 
136 #define PERF_EVENT_RAW(config)		__PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, RAW)
137 #define PERF_EVENT_CONFIG(config)	__PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, CONFIG)
138 #define PERF_EVENT_TYPE(config)		__PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, TYPE)
139 #define PERF_EVENT_ID(config)		__PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, EVENT)
140 
141 #define for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent, sys_next)	       \
142 	while (!readdir_r(sys_dir, &sys_dirent, &sys_next) && sys_next)	       \
143 	if (sys_dirent.d_type == DT_DIR &&				       \
144 	   (strcmp(sys_dirent.d_name, ".")) &&				       \
145 	   (strcmp(sys_dirent.d_name, "..")))
146 
147 static int tp_event_has_id(struct dirent *sys_dir, struct dirent *evt_dir)
148 {
149 	char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN];
150 	int fd;
151 
152 	snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s/%s/id", tracing_events_path,
153 			sys_dir->d_name, evt_dir->d_name);
154 	fd = open(evt_path, O_RDONLY);
155 	if (fd < 0)
156 		return -EINVAL;
157 	close(fd);
158 
159 	return 0;
160 }
161 
162 #define for_each_event(sys_dirent, evt_dir, evt_dirent, evt_next)	       \
163 	while (!readdir_r(evt_dir, &evt_dirent, &evt_next) && evt_next)        \
164 	if (evt_dirent.d_type == DT_DIR &&				       \
165 	   (strcmp(evt_dirent.d_name, ".")) &&				       \
166 	   (strcmp(evt_dirent.d_name, "..")) &&				       \
167 	   (!tp_event_has_id(&sys_dirent, &evt_dirent)))
168 
169 #define MAX_EVENT_LENGTH 512
170 
171 
172 struct tracepoint_path *tracepoint_id_to_path(u64 config)
173 {
174 	struct tracepoint_path *path = NULL;
175 	DIR *sys_dir, *evt_dir;
176 	struct dirent *sys_next, *evt_next, sys_dirent, evt_dirent;
177 	char id_buf[24];
178 	int fd;
179 	u64 id;
180 	char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN];
181 	char dir_path[MAXPATHLEN];
182 
183 	sys_dir = opendir(tracing_events_path);
184 	if (!sys_dir)
185 		return NULL;
186 
187 	for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent, sys_next) {
188 
189 		snprintf(dir_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s", tracing_events_path,
190 			 sys_dirent.d_name);
191 		evt_dir = opendir(dir_path);
192 		if (!evt_dir)
193 			continue;
194 
195 		for_each_event(sys_dirent, evt_dir, evt_dirent, evt_next) {
196 
197 			snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s/id", dir_path,
198 				 evt_dirent.d_name);
199 			fd = open(evt_path, O_RDONLY);
200 			if (fd < 0)
201 				continue;
202 			if (read(fd, id_buf, sizeof(id_buf)) < 0) {
203 				close(fd);
204 				continue;
205 			}
206 			close(fd);
207 			id = atoll(id_buf);
208 			if (id == config) {
209 				closedir(evt_dir);
210 				closedir(sys_dir);
211 				path = zalloc(sizeof(*path));
212 				path->system = malloc(MAX_EVENT_LENGTH);
213 				if (!path->system) {
214 					free(path);
215 					return NULL;
216 				}
217 				path->name = malloc(MAX_EVENT_LENGTH);
218 				if (!path->name) {
219 					zfree(&path->system);
220 					free(path);
221 					return NULL;
222 				}
223 				strncpy(path->system, sys_dirent.d_name,
224 					MAX_EVENT_LENGTH);
225 				strncpy(path->name, evt_dirent.d_name,
226 					MAX_EVENT_LENGTH);
227 				return path;
228 			}
229 		}
230 		closedir(evt_dir);
231 	}
232 
233 	closedir(sys_dir);
234 	return NULL;
235 }
236 
237 struct tracepoint_path *tracepoint_name_to_path(const char *name)
238 {
239 	struct tracepoint_path *path = zalloc(sizeof(*path));
240 	char *str = strchr(name, ':');
241 
242 	if (path == NULL || str == NULL) {
243 		free(path);
244 		return NULL;
245 	}
246 
247 	path->system = strndup(name, str - name);
248 	path->name = strdup(str+1);
249 
250 	if (path->system == NULL || path->name == NULL) {
251 		zfree(&path->system);
252 		zfree(&path->name);
253 		free(path);
254 		path = NULL;
255 	}
256 
257 	return path;
258 }
259 
260 const char *event_type(int type)
261 {
262 	switch (type) {
263 	case PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE:
264 		return "hardware";
265 
266 	case PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE:
267 		return "software";
268 
269 	case PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT:
270 		return "tracepoint";
271 
272 	case PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE:
273 		return "hardware-cache";
274 
275 	default:
276 		break;
277 	}
278 
279 	return "unknown";
280 }
281 
282 
283 
284 static struct perf_evsel *
285 __add_event(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
286 	    struct perf_event_attr *attr,
287 	    char *name, struct cpu_map *cpus,
288 	    struct list_head *config_terms)
289 {
290 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
291 
292 	event_attr_init(attr);
293 
294 	evsel = perf_evsel__new_idx(attr, (*idx)++);
295 	if (!evsel)
296 		return NULL;
297 
298 	evsel->cpus     = cpu_map__get(cpus);
299 	evsel->own_cpus = cpu_map__get(cpus);
300 
301 	if (name)
302 		evsel->name = strdup(name);
303 
304 	if (config_terms)
305 		list_splice(config_terms, &evsel->config_terms);
306 
307 	list_add_tail(&evsel->node, list);
308 	return evsel;
309 }
310 
311 static int add_event(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
312 		     struct perf_event_attr *attr, char *name,
313 		     struct list_head *config_terms)
314 {
315 	return __add_event(list, idx, attr, name, NULL, config_terms) ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
316 }
317 
318 static int parse_aliases(char *str, const char *names[][PERF_EVSEL__MAX_ALIASES], int size)
319 {
320 	int i, j;
321 	int n, longest = -1;
322 
323 	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
324 		for (j = 0; j < PERF_EVSEL__MAX_ALIASES && names[i][j]; j++) {
325 			n = strlen(names[i][j]);
326 			if (n > longest && !strncasecmp(str, names[i][j], n))
327 				longest = n;
328 		}
329 		if (longest > 0)
330 			return i;
331 	}
332 
333 	return -1;
334 }
335 
336 int parse_events_add_cache(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
337 			   char *type, char *op_result1, char *op_result2)
338 {
339 	struct perf_event_attr attr;
340 	char name[MAX_NAME_LEN];
341 	int cache_type = -1, cache_op = -1, cache_result = -1;
342 	char *op_result[2] = { op_result1, op_result2 };
343 	int i, n;
344 
345 	/*
346 	 * No fallback - if we cannot get a clear cache type
347 	 * then bail out:
348 	 */
349 	cache_type = parse_aliases(type, perf_evsel__hw_cache,
350 				   PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MAX);
351 	if (cache_type == -1)
352 		return -EINVAL;
353 
354 	n = snprintf(name, MAX_NAME_LEN, "%s", type);
355 
356 	for (i = 0; (i < 2) && (op_result[i]); i++) {
357 		char *str = op_result[i];
358 
359 		n += snprintf(name + n, MAX_NAME_LEN - n, "-%s", str);
360 
361 		if (cache_op == -1) {
362 			cache_op = parse_aliases(str, perf_evsel__hw_cache_op,
363 						 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_MAX);
364 			if (cache_op >= 0) {
365 				if (!perf_evsel__is_cache_op_valid(cache_type, cache_op))
366 					return -EINVAL;
367 				continue;
368 			}
369 		}
370 
371 		if (cache_result == -1) {
372 			cache_result = parse_aliases(str, perf_evsel__hw_cache_result,
373 						     PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MAX);
374 			if (cache_result >= 0)
375 				continue;
376 		}
377 	}
378 
379 	/*
380 	 * Fall back to reads:
381 	 */
382 	if (cache_op == -1)
383 		cache_op = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ;
384 
385 	/*
386 	 * Fall back to accesses:
387 	 */
388 	if (cache_result == -1)
389 		cache_result = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS;
390 
391 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
392 	attr.config = cache_type | (cache_op << 8) | (cache_result << 16);
393 	attr.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE;
394 	return add_event(list, idx, &attr, name, NULL);
395 }
396 
397 static void tracepoint_error(struct parse_events_error *e, int err,
398 			     char *sys, char *name)
399 {
400 	char help[BUFSIZ];
401 
402 	/*
403 	 * We get error directly from syscall errno ( > 0),
404 	 * or from encoded pointer's error ( < 0).
405 	 */
406 	err = abs(err);
407 
408 	switch (err) {
409 	case EACCES:
410 		e->str = strdup("can't access trace events");
411 		break;
412 	case ENOENT:
413 		e->str = strdup("unknown tracepoint");
414 		break;
415 	default:
416 		e->str = strdup("failed to add tracepoint");
417 		break;
418 	}
419 
420 	tracing_path__strerror_open_tp(err, help, sizeof(help), sys, name);
421 	e->help = strdup(help);
422 }
423 
424 static int add_tracepoint(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
425 			  char *sys_name, char *evt_name,
426 			  struct parse_events_error *err,
427 			  struct list_head *head_config)
428 {
429 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
430 
431 	evsel = perf_evsel__newtp_idx(sys_name, evt_name, (*idx)++);
432 	if (IS_ERR(evsel)) {
433 		tracepoint_error(err, PTR_ERR(evsel), sys_name, evt_name);
434 		return PTR_ERR(evsel);
435 	}
436 
437 	if (head_config) {
438 		LIST_HEAD(config_terms);
439 
440 		if (get_config_terms(head_config, &config_terms))
441 			return -ENOMEM;
442 		list_splice(&config_terms, &evsel->config_terms);
443 	}
444 
445 	list_add_tail(&evsel->node, list);
446 	return 0;
447 }
448 
449 static int add_tracepoint_multi_event(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
450 				      char *sys_name, char *evt_name,
451 				      struct parse_events_error *err,
452 				      struct list_head *head_config)
453 {
454 	char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN];
455 	struct dirent *evt_ent;
456 	DIR *evt_dir;
457 	int ret = 0, found = 0;
458 
459 	snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s", tracing_events_path, sys_name);
460 	evt_dir = opendir(evt_path);
461 	if (!evt_dir) {
462 		tracepoint_error(err, errno, sys_name, evt_name);
463 		return -1;
464 	}
465 
466 	while (!ret && (evt_ent = readdir(evt_dir))) {
467 		if (!strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, ".")
468 		    || !strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, "..")
469 		    || !strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, "enable")
470 		    || !strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, "filter"))
471 			continue;
472 
473 		if (!strglobmatch(evt_ent->d_name, evt_name))
474 			continue;
475 
476 		found++;
477 
478 		ret = add_tracepoint(list, idx, sys_name, evt_ent->d_name,
479 				     err, head_config);
480 	}
481 
482 	if (!found) {
483 		tracepoint_error(err, ENOENT, sys_name, evt_name);
484 		ret = -1;
485 	}
486 
487 	closedir(evt_dir);
488 	return ret;
489 }
490 
491 static int add_tracepoint_event(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
492 				char *sys_name, char *evt_name,
493 				struct parse_events_error *err,
494 				struct list_head *head_config)
495 {
496 	return strpbrk(evt_name, "*?") ?
497 	       add_tracepoint_multi_event(list, idx, sys_name, evt_name,
498 					  err, head_config) :
499 	       add_tracepoint(list, idx, sys_name, evt_name,
500 			      err, head_config);
501 }
502 
503 static int add_tracepoint_multi_sys(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
504 				    char *sys_name, char *evt_name,
505 				    struct parse_events_error *err,
506 				    struct list_head *head_config)
507 {
508 	struct dirent *events_ent;
509 	DIR *events_dir;
510 	int ret = 0;
511 
512 	events_dir = opendir(tracing_events_path);
513 	if (!events_dir) {
514 		tracepoint_error(err, errno, sys_name, evt_name);
515 		return -1;
516 	}
517 
518 	while (!ret && (events_ent = readdir(events_dir))) {
519 		if (!strcmp(events_ent->d_name, ".")
520 		    || !strcmp(events_ent->d_name, "..")
521 		    || !strcmp(events_ent->d_name, "enable")
522 		    || !strcmp(events_ent->d_name, "header_event")
523 		    || !strcmp(events_ent->d_name, "header_page"))
524 			continue;
525 
526 		if (!strglobmatch(events_ent->d_name, sys_name))
527 			continue;
528 
529 		ret = add_tracepoint_event(list, idx, events_ent->d_name,
530 					   evt_name, err, head_config);
531 	}
532 
533 	closedir(events_dir);
534 	return ret;
535 }
536 
537 struct __add_bpf_event_param {
538 	struct parse_events_evlist *data;
539 	struct list_head *list;
540 };
541 
542 static int add_bpf_event(struct probe_trace_event *tev, int fd,
543 			 void *_param)
544 {
545 	LIST_HEAD(new_evsels);
546 	struct __add_bpf_event_param *param = _param;
547 	struct parse_events_evlist *evlist = param->data;
548 	struct list_head *list = param->list;
549 	struct perf_evsel *pos;
550 	int err;
551 
552 	pr_debug("add bpf event %s:%s and attach bpf program %d\n",
553 		 tev->group, tev->event, fd);
554 
555 	err = parse_events_add_tracepoint(&new_evsels, &evlist->idx, tev->group,
556 					  tev->event, evlist->error, NULL);
557 	if (err) {
558 		struct perf_evsel *evsel, *tmp;
559 
560 		pr_debug("Failed to add BPF event %s:%s\n",
561 			 tev->group, tev->event);
562 		list_for_each_entry_safe(evsel, tmp, &new_evsels, node) {
563 			list_del(&evsel->node);
564 			perf_evsel__delete(evsel);
565 		}
566 		return err;
567 	}
568 	pr_debug("adding %s:%s\n", tev->group, tev->event);
569 
570 	list_for_each_entry(pos, &new_evsels, node) {
571 		pr_debug("adding %s:%s to %p\n",
572 			 tev->group, tev->event, pos);
573 		pos->bpf_fd = fd;
574 	}
575 	list_splice(&new_evsels, list);
576 	return 0;
577 }
578 
579 int parse_events_load_bpf_obj(struct parse_events_evlist *data,
580 			      struct list_head *list,
581 			      struct bpf_object *obj)
582 {
583 	int err;
584 	char errbuf[BUFSIZ];
585 	struct __add_bpf_event_param param = {data, list};
586 	static bool registered_unprobe_atexit = false;
587 
588 	if (IS_ERR(obj) || !obj) {
589 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
590 			 "Internal error: load bpf obj with NULL");
591 		err = -EINVAL;
592 		goto errout;
593 	}
594 
595 	/*
596 	 * Register atexit handler before calling bpf__probe() so
597 	 * bpf__probe() don't need to unprobe probe points its already
598 	 * created when failure.
599 	 */
600 	if (!registered_unprobe_atexit) {
601 		atexit(bpf__clear);
602 		registered_unprobe_atexit = true;
603 	}
604 
605 	err = bpf__probe(obj);
606 	if (err) {
607 		bpf__strerror_probe(obj, err, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
608 		goto errout;
609 	}
610 
611 	err = bpf__load(obj);
612 	if (err) {
613 		bpf__strerror_load(obj, err, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
614 		goto errout;
615 	}
616 
617 	err = bpf__foreach_tev(obj, add_bpf_event, &param);
618 	if (err) {
619 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
620 			 "Attach events in BPF object failed");
621 		goto errout;
622 	}
623 
624 	return 0;
625 errout:
626 	data->error->help = strdup("(add -v to see detail)");
627 	data->error->str = strdup(errbuf);
628 	return err;
629 }
630 
631 int parse_events_load_bpf(struct parse_events_evlist *data,
632 			  struct list_head *list,
633 			  char *bpf_file_name,
634 			  bool source)
635 {
636 	struct bpf_object *obj;
637 
638 	obj = bpf__prepare_load(bpf_file_name, source);
639 	if (IS_ERR(obj)) {
640 		char errbuf[BUFSIZ];
641 		int err;
642 
643 		err = PTR_ERR(obj);
644 
645 		if (err == -ENOTSUP)
646 			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
647 				 "BPF support is not compiled");
648 		else
649 			bpf__strerror_prepare_load(bpf_file_name,
650 						   source,
651 						   -err, errbuf,
652 						   sizeof(errbuf));
653 
654 		data->error->help = strdup("(add -v to see detail)");
655 		data->error->str = strdup(errbuf);
656 		return err;
657 	}
658 
659 	return parse_events_load_bpf_obj(data, list, obj);
660 }
661 
662 static int
663 parse_breakpoint_type(const char *type, struct perf_event_attr *attr)
664 {
665 	int i;
666 
667 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
668 		if (!type || !type[i])
669 			break;
670 
671 #define CHECK_SET_TYPE(bit)		\
672 do {					\
673 	if (attr->bp_type & bit)	\
674 		return -EINVAL;		\
675 	else				\
676 		attr->bp_type |= bit;	\
677 } while (0)
678 
679 		switch (type[i]) {
680 		case 'r':
681 			CHECK_SET_TYPE(HW_BREAKPOINT_R);
682 			break;
683 		case 'w':
684 			CHECK_SET_TYPE(HW_BREAKPOINT_W);
685 			break;
686 		case 'x':
687 			CHECK_SET_TYPE(HW_BREAKPOINT_X);
688 			break;
689 		default:
690 			return -EINVAL;
691 		}
692 	}
693 
694 #undef CHECK_SET_TYPE
695 
696 	if (!attr->bp_type) /* Default */
697 		attr->bp_type = HW_BREAKPOINT_R | HW_BREAKPOINT_W;
698 
699 	return 0;
700 }
701 
702 int parse_events_add_breakpoint(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
703 				void *ptr, char *type, u64 len)
704 {
705 	struct perf_event_attr attr;
706 
707 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
708 	attr.bp_addr = (unsigned long) ptr;
709 
710 	if (parse_breakpoint_type(type, &attr))
711 		return -EINVAL;
712 
713 	/* Provide some defaults if len is not specified */
714 	if (!len) {
715 		if (attr.bp_type == HW_BREAKPOINT_X)
716 			len = sizeof(long);
717 		else
718 			len = HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_4;
719 	}
720 
721 	attr.bp_len = len;
722 
723 	attr.type = PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT;
724 	attr.sample_period = 1;
725 
726 	return add_event(list, idx, &attr, NULL, NULL);
727 }
728 
729 static int check_type_val(struct parse_events_term *term,
730 			  struct parse_events_error *err,
731 			  int type)
732 {
733 	if (type == term->type_val)
734 		return 0;
735 
736 	if (err) {
737 		err->idx = term->err_val;
738 		if (type == PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NUM)
739 			err->str = strdup("expected numeric value");
740 		else
741 			err->str = strdup("expected string value");
742 	}
743 	return -EINVAL;
744 }
745 
746 typedef int config_term_func_t(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
747 			       struct parse_events_term *term,
748 			       struct parse_events_error *err);
749 
750 static int config_term_common(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
751 			      struct parse_events_term *term,
752 			      struct parse_events_error *err)
753 {
754 #define CHECK_TYPE_VAL(type)						   \
755 do {									   \
756 	if (check_type_val(term, err, PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_ ## type)) \
757 		return -EINVAL;						   \
758 } while (0)
759 
760 	switch (term->type_term) {
761 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG:
762 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
763 		attr->config = term->val.num;
764 		break;
765 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG1:
766 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
767 		attr->config1 = term->val.num;
768 		break;
769 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG2:
770 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
771 		attr->config2 = term->val.num;
772 		break;
773 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_PERIOD:
774 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
775 		break;
776 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_FREQ:
777 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
778 		break;
779 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_BRANCH_SAMPLE_TYPE:
780 		/*
781 		 * TODO uncomment when the field is available
782 		 * attr->branch_sample_type = term->val.num;
783 		 */
784 		break;
785 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_TIME:
786 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
787 		if (term->val.num > 1) {
788 			err->str = strdup("expected 0 or 1");
789 			err->idx = term->err_val;
790 			return -EINVAL;
791 		}
792 		break;
793 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CALLGRAPH:
794 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(STR);
795 		break;
796 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STACKSIZE:
797 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
798 		break;
799 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_INHERIT:
800 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
801 		break;
802 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOINHERIT:
803 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
804 		break;
805 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NAME:
806 		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(STR);
807 		break;
808 	default:
809 		err->str = strdup("unknown term");
810 		err->idx = term->err_term;
811 		err->help = parse_events_formats_error_string(NULL);
812 		return -EINVAL;
813 	}
814 
815 	return 0;
816 #undef CHECK_TYPE_VAL
817 }
818 
819 static int config_term_pmu(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
820 			   struct parse_events_term *term,
821 			   struct parse_events_error *err)
822 {
823 	if (term->type_term == PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER)
824 		/*
825 		 * Always succeed for sysfs terms, as we dont know
826 		 * at this point what type they need to have.
827 		 */
828 		return 0;
829 	else
830 		return config_term_common(attr, term, err);
831 }
832 
833 static int config_term_tracepoint(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
834 				  struct parse_events_term *term,
835 				  struct parse_events_error *err)
836 {
837 	switch (term->type_term) {
838 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CALLGRAPH:
839 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STACKSIZE:
840 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_INHERIT:
841 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOINHERIT:
842 		return config_term_common(attr, term, err);
843 	default:
844 		if (err) {
845 			err->idx = term->err_term;
846 			err->str = strdup("unknown term");
847 			err->help = strdup("valid terms: call-graph,stack-size\n");
848 		}
849 		return -EINVAL;
850 	}
851 
852 	return 0;
853 }
854 
855 static int config_attr(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
856 		       struct list_head *head,
857 		       struct parse_events_error *err,
858 		       config_term_func_t config_term)
859 {
860 	struct parse_events_term *term;
861 
862 	list_for_each_entry(term, head, list)
863 		if (config_term(attr, term, err))
864 			return -EINVAL;
865 
866 	return 0;
867 }
868 
869 static int get_config_terms(struct list_head *head_config,
870 			    struct list_head *head_terms __maybe_unused)
871 {
872 #define ADD_CONFIG_TERM(__type, __name, __val)			\
873 do {								\
874 	struct perf_evsel_config_term *__t;			\
875 								\
876 	__t = zalloc(sizeof(*__t));				\
877 	if (!__t)						\
878 		return -ENOMEM;					\
879 								\
880 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&__t->list);				\
881 	__t->type       = PERF_EVSEL__CONFIG_TERM_ ## __type;	\
882 	__t->val.__name = __val;				\
883 	list_add_tail(&__t->list, head_terms);			\
884 } while (0)
885 
886 	struct parse_events_term *term;
887 
888 	list_for_each_entry(term, head_config, list) {
889 		switch (term->type_term) {
890 		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_PERIOD:
891 			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(PERIOD, period, term->val.num);
892 			break;
893 		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_FREQ:
894 			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(FREQ, freq, term->val.num);
895 			break;
896 		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_TIME:
897 			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(TIME, time, term->val.num);
898 			break;
899 		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CALLGRAPH:
900 			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(CALLGRAPH, callgraph, term->val.str);
901 			break;
902 		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STACKSIZE:
903 			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(STACK_USER, stack_user, term->val.num);
904 			break;
905 		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_INHERIT:
906 			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(INHERIT, inherit, term->val.num ? 1 : 0);
907 			break;
908 		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOINHERIT:
909 			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(INHERIT, inherit, term->val.num ? 0 : 1);
910 			break;
911 		default:
912 			break;
913 		}
914 	}
915 #undef ADD_EVSEL_CONFIG
916 	return 0;
917 }
918 
919 int parse_events_add_tracepoint(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
920 				char *sys, char *event,
921 				struct parse_events_error *err,
922 				struct list_head *head_config)
923 {
924 	if (head_config) {
925 		struct perf_event_attr attr;
926 
927 		if (config_attr(&attr, head_config, err,
928 				config_term_tracepoint))
929 			return -EINVAL;
930 	}
931 
932 	if (strpbrk(sys, "*?"))
933 		return add_tracepoint_multi_sys(list, idx, sys, event,
934 						err, head_config);
935 	else
936 		return add_tracepoint_event(list, idx, sys, event,
937 					    err, head_config);
938 }
939 
940 int parse_events_add_numeric(struct parse_events_evlist *data,
941 			     struct list_head *list,
942 			     u32 type, u64 config,
943 			     struct list_head *head_config)
944 {
945 	struct perf_event_attr attr;
946 	LIST_HEAD(config_terms);
947 
948 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
949 	attr.type = type;
950 	attr.config = config;
951 
952 	if (head_config) {
953 		if (config_attr(&attr, head_config, data->error,
954 				config_term_common))
955 			return -EINVAL;
956 
957 		if (get_config_terms(head_config, &config_terms))
958 			return -ENOMEM;
959 	}
960 
961 	return add_event(list, &data->idx, &attr, NULL, &config_terms);
962 }
963 
964 static int parse_events__is_name_term(struct parse_events_term *term)
965 {
966 	return term->type_term == PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NAME;
967 }
968 
969 static char *pmu_event_name(struct list_head *head_terms)
970 {
971 	struct parse_events_term *term;
972 
973 	list_for_each_entry(term, head_terms, list)
974 		if (parse_events__is_name_term(term))
975 			return term->val.str;
976 
977 	return NULL;
978 }
979 
980 int parse_events_add_pmu(struct parse_events_evlist *data,
981 			 struct list_head *list, char *name,
982 			 struct list_head *head_config)
983 {
984 	struct perf_event_attr attr;
985 	struct perf_pmu_info info;
986 	struct perf_pmu *pmu;
987 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
988 	LIST_HEAD(config_terms);
989 
990 	pmu = perf_pmu__find(name);
991 	if (!pmu)
992 		return -EINVAL;
993 
994 	if (pmu->default_config) {
995 		memcpy(&attr, pmu->default_config,
996 		       sizeof(struct perf_event_attr));
997 	} else {
998 		memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
999 	}
1000 
1001 	if (!head_config) {
1002 		attr.type = pmu->type;
1003 		evsel = __add_event(list, &data->idx, &attr, NULL, pmu->cpus, NULL);
1004 		return evsel ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
1005 	}
1006 
1007 	if (perf_pmu__check_alias(pmu, head_config, &info))
1008 		return -EINVAL;
1009 
1010 	/*
1011 	 * Configure hardcoded terms first, no need to check
1012 	 * return value when called with fail == 0 ;)
1013 	 */
1014 	if (config_attr(&attr, head_config, data->error, config_term_pmu))
1015 		return -EINVAL;
1016 
1017 	if (get_config_terms(head_config, &config_terms))
1018 		return -ENOMEM;
1019 
1020 	if (perf_pmu__config(pmu, &attr, head_config, data->error))
1021 		return -EINVAL;
1022 
1023 	evsel = __add_event(list, &data->idx, &attr,
1024 			    pmu_event_name(head_config), pmu->cpus,
1025 			    &config_terms);
1026 	if (evsel) {
1027 		evsel->unit = info.unit;
1028 		evsel->scale = info.scale;
1029 		evsel->per_pkg = info.per_pkg;
1030 		evsel->snapshot = info.snapshot;
1031 	}
1032 
1033 	return evsel ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
1034 }
1035 
1036 int parse_events__modifier_group(struct list_head *list,
1037 				 char *event_mod)
1038 {
1039 	return parse_events__modifier_event(list, event_mod, true);
1040 }
1041 
1042 void parse_events__set_leader(char *name, struct list_head *list)
1043 {
1044 	struct perf_evsel *leader;
1045 
1046 	if (list_empty(list)) {
1047 		WARN_ONCE(true, "WARNING: failed to set leader: empty list");
1048 		return;
1049 	}
1050 
1051 	__perf_evlist__set_leader(list);
1052 	leader = list_entry(list->next, struct perf_evsel, node);
1053 	leader->group_name = name ? strdup(name) : NULL;
1054 }
1055 
1056 /* list_event is assumed to point to malloc'ed memory */
1057 void parse_events_update_lists(struct list_head *list_event,
1058 			       struct list_head *list_all)
1059 {
1060 	/*
1061 	 * Called for single event definition. Update the
1062 	 * 'all event' list, and reinit the 'single event'
1063 	 * list, for next event definition.
1064 	 */
1065 	list_splice_tail(list_event, list_all);
1066 	free(list_event);
1067 }
1068 
1069 struct event_modifier {
1070 	int eu;
1071 	int ek;
1072 	int eh;
1073 	int eH;
1074 	int eG;
1075 	int eI;
1076 	int precise;
1077 	int precise_max;
1078 	int exclude_GH;
1079 	int sample_read;
1080 	int pinned;
1081 };
1082 
1083 static int get_event_modifier(struct event_modifier *mod, char *str,
1084 			       struct perf_evsel *evsel)
1085 {
1086 	int eu = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_user : 0;
1087 	int ek = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_kernel : 0;
1088 	int eh = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_hv : 0;
1089 	int eH = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_host : 0;
1090 	int eG = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_guest : 0;
1091 	int eI = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_idle : 0;
1092 	int precise = evsel ? evsel->attr.precise_ip : 0;
1093 	int precise_max = 0;
1094 	int sample_read = 0;
1095 	int pinned = evsel ? evsel->attr.pinned : 0;
1096 
1097 	int exclude = eu | ek | eh;
1098 	int exclude_GH = evsel ? evsel->exclude_GH : 0;
1099 
1100 	memset(mod, 0, sizeof(*mod));
1101 
1102 	while (*str) {
1103 		if (*str == 'u') {
1104 			if (!exclude)
1105 				exclude = eu = ek = eh = 1;
1106 			eu = 0;
1107 		} else if (*str == 'k') {
1108 			if (!exclude)
1109 				exclude = eu = ek = eh = 1;
1110 			ek = 0;
1111 		} else if (*str == 'h') {
1112 			if (!exclude)
1113 				exclude = eu = ek = eh = 1;
1114 			eh = 0;
1115 		} else if (*str == 'G') {
1116 			if (!exclude_GH)
1117 				exclude_GH = eG = eH = 1;
1118 			eG = 0;
1119 		} else if (*str == 'H') {
1120 			if (!exclude_GH)
1121 				exclude_GH = eG = eH = 1;
1122 			eH = 0;
1123 		} else if (*str == 'I') {
1124 			eI = 1;
1125 		} else if (*str == 'p') {
1126 			precise++;
1127 			/* use of precise requires exclude_guest */
1128 			if (!exclude_GH)
1129 				eG = 1;
1130 		} else if (*str == 'P') {
1131 			precise_max = 1;
1132 		} else if (*str == 'S') {
1133 			sample_read = 1;
1134 		} else if (*str == 'D') {
1135 			pinned = 1;
1136 		} else
1137 			break;
1138 
1139 		++str;
1140 	}
1141 
1142 	/*
1143 	 * precise ip:
1144 	 *
1145 	 *  0 - SAMPLE_IP can have arbitrary skid
1146 	 *  1 - SAMPLE_IP must have constant skid
1147 	 *  2 - SAMPLE_IP requested to have 0 skid
1148 	 *  3 - SAMPLE_IP must have 0 skid
1149 	 *
1150 	 *  See also PERF_RECORD_MISC_EXACT_IP
1151 	 */
1152 	if (precise > 3)
1153 		return -EINVAL;
1154 
1155 	mod->eu = eu;
1156 	mod->ek = ek;
1157 	mod->eh = eh;
1158 	mod->eH = eH;
1159 	mod->eG = eG;
1160 	mod->eI = eI;
1161 	mod->precise = precise;
1162 	mod->precise_max = precise_max;
1163 	mod->exclude_GH = exclude_GH;
1164 	mod->sample_read = sample_read;
1165 	mod->pinned = pinned;
1166 
1167 	return 0;
1168 }
1169 
1170 /*
1171  * Basic modifier sanity check to validate it contains only one
1172  * instance of any modifier (apart from 'p') present.
1173  */
1174 static int check_modifier(char *str)
1175 {
1176 	char *p = str;
1177 
1178 	/* The sizeof includes 0 byte as well. */
1179 	if (strlen(str) > (sizeof("ukhGHpppPSDI") - 1))
1180 		return -1;
1181 
1182 	while (*p) {
1183 		if (*p != 'p' && strchr(p + 1, *p))
1184 			return -1;
1185 		p++;
1186 	}
1187 
1188 	return 0;
1189 }
1190 
1191 int parse_events__modifier_event(struct list_head *list, char *str, bool add)
1192 {
1193 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
1194 	struct event_modifier mod;
1195 
1196 	if (str == NULL)
1197 		return 0;
1198 
1199 	if (check_modifier(str))
1200 		return -EINVAL;
1201 
1202 	if (!add && get_event_modifier(&mod, str, NULL))
1203 		return -EINVAL;
1204 
1205 	__evlist__for_each(list, evsel) {
1206 		if (add && get_event_modifier(&mod, str, evsel))
1207 			return -EINVAL;
1208 
1209 		evsel->attr.exclude_user   = mod.eu;
1210 		evsel->attr.exclude_kernel = mod.ek;
1211 		evsel->attr.exclude_hv     = mod.eh;
1212 		evsel->attr.precise_ip     = mod.precise;
1213 		evsel->attr.exclude_host   = mod.eH;
1214 		evsel->attr.exclude_guest  = mod.eG;
1215 		evsel->attr.exclude_idle   = mod.eI;
1216 		evsel->exclude_GH          = mod.exclude_GH;
1217 		evsel->sample_read         = mod.sample_read;
1218 		evsel->precise_max         = mod.precise_max;
1219 
1220 		if (perf_evsel__is_group_leader(evsel))
1221 			evsel->attr.pinned = mod.pinned;
1222 	}
1223 
1224 	return 0;
1225 }
1226 
1227 int parse_events_name(struct list_head *list, char *name)
1228 {
1229 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
1230 
1231 	__evlist__for_each(list, evsel) {
1232 		if (!evsel->name)
1233 			evsel->name = strdup(name);
1234 	}
1235 
1236 	return 0;
1237 }
1238 
1239 static int
1240 comp_pmu(const void *p1, const void *p2)
1241 {
1242 	struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *pmu1 = (struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *) p1;
1243 	struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *pmu2 = (struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *) p2;
1244 
1245 	return strcmp(pmu1->symbol, pmu2->symbol);
1246 }
1247 
1248 static void perf_pmu__parse_cleanup(void)
1249 {
1250 	if (perf_pmu_events_list_num > 0) {
1251 		struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *p;
1252 		int i;
1253 
1254 		for (i = 0; i < perf_pmu_events_list_num; i++) {
1255 			p = perf_pmu_events_list + i;
1256 			free(p->symbol);
1257 		}
1258 		free(perf_pmu_events_list);
1259 		perf_pmu_events_list = NULL;
1260 		perf_pmu_events_list_num = 0;
1261 	}
1262 }
1263 
1264 #define SET_SYMBOL(str, stype)		\
1265 do {					\
1266 	p->symbol = str;		\
1267 	if (!p->symbol)			\
1268 		goto err;		\
1269 	p->type = stype;		\
1270 } while (0)
1271 
1272 /*
1273  * Read the pmu events list from sysfs
1274  * Save it into perf_pmu_events_list
1275  */
1276 static void perf_pmu__parse_init(void)
1277 {
1278 
1279 	struct perf_pmu *pmu = NULL;
1280 	struct perf_pmu_alias *alias;
1281 	int len = 0;
1282 
1283 	pmu = perf_pmu__find("cpu");
1284 	if ((pmu == NULL) || list_empty(&pmu->aliases)) {
1285 		perf_pmu_events_list_num = -1;
1286 		return;
1287 	}
1288 	list_for_each_entry(alias, &pmu->aliases, list) {
1289 		if (strchr(alias->name, '-'))
1290 			len++;
1291 		len++;
1292 	}
1293 	perf_pmu_events_list = malloc(sizeof(struct perf_pmu_event_symbol) * len);
1294 	if (!perf_pmu_events_list)
1295 		return;
1296 	perf_pmu_events_list_num = len;
1297 
1298 	len = 0;
1299 	list_for_each_entry(alias, &pmu->aliases, list) {
1300 		struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *p = perf_pmu_events_list + len;
1301 		char *tmp = strchr(alias->name, '-');
1302 
1303 		if (tmp != NULL) {
1304 			SET_SYMBOL(strndup(alias->name, tmp - alias->name),
1305 					PMU_EVENT_SYMBOL_PREFIX);
1306 			p++;
1307 			SET_SYMBOL(strdup(++tmp), PMU_EVENT_SYMBOL_SUFFIX);
1308 			len += 2;
1309 		} else {
1310 			SET_SYMBOL(strdup(alias->name), PMU_EVENT_SYMBOL);
1311 			len++;
1312 		}
1313 	}
1314 	qsort(perf_pmu_events_list, len,
1315 		sizeof(struct perf_pmu_event_symbol), comp_pmu);
1316 
1317 	return;
1318 err:
1319 	perf_pmu__parse_cleanup();
1320 }
1321 
1322 enum perf_pmu_event_symbol_type
1323 perf_pmu__parse_check(const char *name)
1324 {
1325 	struct perf_pmu_event_symbol p, *r;
1326 
1327 	/* scan kernel pmu events from sysfs if needed */
1328 	if (perf_pmu_events_list_num == 0)
1329 		perf_pmu__parse_init();
1330 	/*
1331 	 * name "cpu" could be prefix of cpu-cycles or cpu// events.
1332 	 * cpu-cycles has been handled by hardcode.
1333 	 * So it must be cpu// events, not kernel pmu event.
1334 	 */
1335 	if ((perf_pmu_events_list_num <= 0) || !strcmp(name, "cpu"))
1336 		return PMU_EVENT_SYMBOL_ERR;
1337 
1338 	p.symbol = strdup(name);
1339 	r = bsearch(&p, perf_pmu_events_list,
1340 			(size_t) perf_pmu_events_list_num,
1341 			sizeof(struct perf_pmu_event_symbol), comp_pmu);
1342 	free(p.symbol);
1343 	return r ? r->type : PMU_EVENT_SYMBOL_ERR;
1344 }
1345 
1346 static int parse_events__scanner(const char *str, void *data, int start_token)
1347 {
1348 	YY_BUFFER_STATE buffer;
1349 	void *scanner;
1350 	int ret;
1351 
1352 	ret = parse_events_lex_init_extra(start_token, &scanner);
1353 	if (ret)
1354 		return ret;
1355 
1356 	buffer = parse_events__scan_string(str, scanner);
1357 
1358 #ifdef PARSER_DEBUG
1359 	parse_events_debug = 1;
1360 #endif
1361 	ret = parse_events_parse(data, scanner);
1362 
1363 	parse_events__flush_buffer(buffer, scanner);
1364 	parse_events__delete_buffer(buffer, scanner);
1365 	parse_events_lex_destroy(scanner);
1366 	return ret;
1367 }
1368 
1369 /*
1370  * parse event config string, return a list of event terms.
1371  */
1372 int parse_events_terms(struct list_head *terms, const char *str)
1373 {
1374 	struct parse_events_terms data = {
1375 		.terms = NULL,
1376 	};
1377 	int ret;
1378 
1379 	ret = parse_events__scanner(str, &data, PE_START_TERMS);
1380 	if (!ret) {
1381 		list_splice(data.terms, terms);
1382 		zfree(&data.terms);
1383 		return 0;
1384 	}
1385 
1386 	if (data.terms)
1387 		parse_events__free_terms(data.terms);
1388 	return ret;
1389 }
1390 
1391 int parse_events(struct perf_evlist *evlist, const char *str,
1392 		 struct parse_events_error *err)
1393 {
1394 	struct parse_events_evlist data = {
1395 		.list  = LIST_HEAD_INIT(data.list),
1396 		.idx   = evlist->nr_entries,
1397 		.error = err,
1398 	};
1399 	int ret;
1400 
1401 	ret = parse_events__scanner(str, &data, PE_START_EVENTS);
1402 	perf_pmu__parse_cleanup();
1403 	if (!ret) {
1404 		struct perf_evsel *last;
1405 
1406 		if (list_empty(&data.list)) {
1407 			WARN_ONCE(true, "WARNING: event parser found nothing");
1408 			return -1;
1409 		}
1410 
1411 		perf_evlist__splice_list_tail(evlist, &data.list);
1412 		evlist->nr_groups += data.nr_groups;
1413 		last = perf_evlist__last(evlist);
1414 		last->cmdline_group_boundary = true;
1415 
1416 		return 0;
1417 	}
1418 
1419 	/*
1420 	 * There are 2 users - builtin-record and builtin-test objects.
1421 	 * Both call perf_evlist__delete in case of error, so we dont
1422 	 * need to bother.
1423 	 */
1424 	return ret;
1425 }
1426 
1427 #define MAX_WIDTH 1000
1428 static int get_term_width(void)
1429 {
1430 	struct winsize ws;
1431 
1432 	get_term_dimensions(&ws);
1433 	return ws.ws_col > MAX_WIDTH ? MAX_WIDTH : ws.ws_col;
1434 }
1435 
1436 static void parse_events_print_error(struct parse_events_error *err,
1437 				     const char *event)
1438 {
1439 	const char *str = "invalid or unsupported event: ";
1440 	char _buf[MAX_WIDTH];
1441 	char *buf = (char *) event;
1442 	int idx = 0;
1443 
1444 	if (err->str) {
1445 		/* -2 for extra '' in the final fprintf */
1446 		int width       = get_term_width() - 2;
1447 		int len_event   = strlen(event);
1448 		int len_str, max_len, cut = 0;
1449 
1450 		/*
1451 		 * Maximum error index indent, we will cut
1452 		 * the event string if it's bigger.
1453 		 */
1454 		int max_err_idx = 13;
1455 
1456 		/*
1457 		 * Let's be specific with the message when
1458 		 * we have the precise error.
1459 		 */
1460 		str     = "event syntax error: ";
1461 		len_str = strlen(str);
1462 		max_len = width - len_str;
1463 
1464 		buf = _buf;
1465 
1466 		/* We're cutting from the beggining. */
1467 		if (err->idx > max_err_idx)
1468 			cut = err->idx - max_err_idx;
1469 
1470 		strncpy(buf, event + cut, max_len);
1471 
1472 		/* Mark cut parts with '..' on both sides. */
1473 		if (cut)
1474 			buf[0] = buf[1] = '.';
1475 
1476 		if ((len_event - cut) > max_len) {
1477 			buf[max_len - 1] = buf[max_len - 2] = '.';
1478 			buf[max_len] = 0;
1479 		}
1480 
1481 		idx = len_str + err->idx - cut;
1482 	}
1483 
1484 	fprintf(stderr, "%s'%s'\n", str, buf);
1485 	if (idx) {
1486 		fprintf(stderr, "%*s\\___ %s\n", idx + 1, "", err->str);
1487 		if (err->help)
1488 			fprintf(stderr, "\n%s\n", err->help);
1489 		free(err->str);
1490 		free(err->help);
1491 	}
1492 
1493 	fprintf(stderr, "Run 'perf list' for a list of valid events\n");
1494 }
1495 
1496 #undef MAX_WIDTH
1497 
1498 int parse_events_option(const struct option *opt, const char *str,
1499 			int unset __maybe_unused)
1500 {
1501 	struct perf_evlist *evlist = *(struct perf_evlist **)opt->value;
1502 	struct parse_events_error err = { .idx = 0, };
1503 	int ret = parse_events(evlist, str, &err);
1504 
1505 	if (ret)
1506 		parse_events_print_error(&err, str);
1507 
1508 	return ret;
1509 }
1510 
1511 static int
1512 foreach_evsel_in_last_glob(struct perf_evlist *evlist,
1513 			   int (*func)(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
1514 				       const void *arg),
1515 			   const void *arg)
1516 {
1517 	struct perf_evsel *last = NULL;
1518 	int err;
1519 
1520 	/*
1521 	 * Don't return when list_empty, give func a chance to report
1522 	 * error when it found last == NULL.
1523 	 *
1524 	 * So no need to WARN here, let *func do this.
1525 	 */
1526 	if (evlist->nr_entries > 0)
1527 		last = perf_evlist__last(evlist);
1528 
1529 	do {
1530 		err = (*func)(last, arg);
1531 		if (err)
1532 			return -1;
1533 		if (!last)
1534 			return 0;
1535 
1536 		if (last->node.prev == &evlist->entries)
1537 			return 0;
1538 		last = list_entry(last->node.prev, struct perf_evsel, node);
1539 	} while (!last->cmdline_group_boundary);
1540 
1541 	return 0;
1542 }
1543 
1544 static int set_filter(struct perf_evsel *evsel, const void *arg)
1545 {
1546 	const char *str = arg;
1547 
1548 	if (evsel == NULL || evsel->attr.type != PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT) {
1549 		fprintf(stderr,
1550 			"--filter option should follow a -e tracepoint option\n");
1551 		return -1;
1552 	}
1553 
1554 	if (perf_evsel__append_filter(evsel, "&&", str) < 0) {
1555 		fprintf(stderr,
1556 			"not enough memory to hold filter string\n");
1557 		return -1;
1558 	}
1559 
1560 	return 0;
1561 }
1562 
1563 int parse_filter(const struct option *opt, const char *str,
1564 		 int unset __maybe_unused)
1565 {
1566 	struct perf_evlist *evlist = *(struct perf_evlist **)opt->value;
1567 
1568 	return foreach_evsel_in_last_glob(evlist, set_filter,
1569 					  (const void *)str);
1570 }
1571 
1572 static int add_exclude_perf_filter(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
1573 				   const void *arg __maybe_unused)
1574 {
1575 	char new_filter[64];
1576 
1577 	if (evsel == NULL || evsel->attr.type != PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT) {
1578 		fprintf(stderr,
1579 			"--exclude-perf option should follow a -e tracepoint option\n");
1580 		return -1;
1581 	}
1582 
1583 	snprintf(new_filter, sizeof(new_filter), "common_pid != %d", getpid());
1584 
1585 	if (perf_evsel__append_filter(evsel, "&&", new_filter) < 0) {
1586 		fprintf(stderr,
1587 			"not enough memory to hold filter string\n");
1588 		return -1;
1589 	}
1590 
1591 	return 0;
1592 }
1593 
1594 int exclude_perf(const struct option *opt,
1595 		 const char *arg __maybe_unused,
1596 		 int unset __maybe_unused)
1597 {
1598 	struct perf_evlist *evlist = *(struct perf_evlist **)opt->value;
1599 
1600 	return foreach_evsel_in_last_glob(evlist, add_exclude_perf_filter,
1601 					  NULL);
1602 }
1603 
1604 static const char * const event_type_descriptors[] = {
1605 	"Hardware event",
1606 	"Software event",
1607 	"Tracepoint event",
1608 	"Hardware cache event",
1609 	"Raw hardware event descriptor",
1610 	"Hardware breakpoint",
1611 };
1612 
1613 static int cmp_string(const void *a, const void *b)
1614 {
1615 	const char * const *as = a;
1616 	const char * const *bs = b;
1617 
1618 	return strcmp(*as, *bs);
1619 }
1620 
1621 /*
1622  * Print the events from <debugfs_mount_point>/tracing/events
1623  */
1624 
1625 void print_tracepoint_events(const char *subsys_glob, const char *event_glob,
1626 			     bool name_only)
1627 {
1628 	DIR *sys_dir, *evt_dir;
1629 	struct dirent *sys_next, *evt_next, sys_dirent, evt_dirent;
1630 	char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN];
1631 	char dir_path[MAXPATHLEN];
1632 	char **evt_list = NULL;
1633 	unsigned int evt_i = 0, evt_num = 0;
1634 	bool evt_num_known = false;
1635 
1636 restart:
1637 	sys_dir = opendir(tracing_events_path);
1638 	if (!sys_dir)
1639 		return;
1640 
1641 	if (evt_num_known) {
1642 		evt_list = zalloc(sizeof(char *) * evt_num);
1643 		if (!evt_list)
1644 			goto out_close_sys_dir;
1645 	}
1646 
1647 	for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent, sys_next) {
1648 		if (subsys_glob != NULL &&
1649 		    !strglobmatch(sys_dirent.d_name, subsys_glob))
1650 			continue;
1651 
1652 		snprintf(dir_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s", tracing_events_path,
1653 			 sys_dirent.d_name);
1654 		evt_dir = opendir(dir_path);
1655 		if (!evt_dir)
1656 			continue;
1657 
1658 		for_each_event(sys_dirent, evt_dir, evt_dirent, evt_next) {
1659 			if (event_glob != NULL &&
1660 			    !strglobmatch(evt_dirent.d_name, event_glob))
1661 				continue;
1662 
1663 			if (!evt_num_known) {
1664 				evt_num++;
1665 				continue;
1666 			}
1667 
1668 			snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s:%s",
1669 				 sys_dirent.d_name, evt_dirent.d_name);
1670 
1671 			evt_list[evt_i] = strdup(evt_path);
1672 			if (evt_list[evt_i] == NULL)
1673 				goto out_close_evt_dir;
1674 			evt_i++;
1675 		}
1676 		closedir(evt_dir);
1677 	}
1678 	closedir(sys_dir);
1679 
1680 	if (!evt_num_known) {
1681 		evt_num_known = true;
1682 		goto restart;
1683 	}
1684 	qsort(evt_list, evt_num, sizeof(char *), cmp_string);
1685 	evt_i = 0;
1686 	while (evt_i < evt_num) {
1687 		if (name_only) {
1688 			printf("%s ", evt_list[evt_i++]);
1689 			continue;
1690 		}
1691 		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n", evt_list[evt_i++],
1692 				event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT]);
1693 	}
1694 	if (evt_num && pager_in_use())
1695 		printf("\n");
1696 
1697 out_free:
1698 	evt_num = evt_i;
1699 	for (evt_i = 0; evt_i < evt_num; evt_i++)
1700 		zfree(&evt_list[evt_i]);
1701 	zfree(&evt_list);
1702 	return;
1703 
1704 out_close_evt_dir:
1705 	closedir(evt_dir);
1706 out_close_sys_dir:
1707 	closedir(sys_dir);
1708 
1709 	printf("FATAL: not enough memory to print %s\n",
1710 			event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT]);
1711 	if (evt_list)
1712 		goto out_free;
1713 }
1714 
1715 /*
1716  * Check whether event is in <debugfs_mount_point>/tracing/events
1717  */
1718 
1719 int is_valid_tracepoint(const char *event_string)
1720 {
1721 	DIR *sys_dir, *evt_dir;
1722 	struct dirent *sys_next, *evt_next, sys_dirent, evt_dirent;
1723 	char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN];
1724 	char dir_path[MAXPATHLEN];
1725 
1726 	sys_dir = opendir(tracing_events_path);
1727 	if (!sys_dir)
1728 		return 0;
1729 
1730 	for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent, sys_next) {
1731 
1732 		snprintf(dir_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s", tracing_events_path,
1733 			 sys_dirent.d_name);
1734 		evt_dir = opendir(dir_path);
1735 		if (!evt_dir)
1736 			continue;
1737 
1738 		for_each_event(sys_dirent, evt_dir, evt_dirent, evt_next) {
1739 			snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s:%s",
1740 				 sys_dirent.d_name, evt_dirent.d_name);
1741 			if (!strcmp(evt_path, event_string)) {
1742 				closedir(evt_dir);
1743 				closedir(sys_dir);
1744 				return 1;
1745 			}
1746 		}
1747 		closedir(evt_dir);
1748 	}
1749 	closedir(sys_dir);
1750 	return 0;
1751 }
1752 
1753 static bool is_event_supported(u8 type, unsigned config)
1754 {
1755 	bool ret = true;
1756 	int open_return;
1757 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
1758 	struct perf_event_attr attr = {
1759 		.type = type,
1760 		.config = config,
1761 		.disabled = 1,
1762 	};
1763 	struct {
1764 		struct thread_map map;
1765 		int threads[1];
1766 	} tmap = {
1767 		.map.nr	 = 1,
1768 		.threads = { 0 },
1769 	};
1770 
1771 	evsel = perf_evsel__new(&attr);
1772 	if (evsel) {
1773 		open_return = perf_evsel__open(evsel, NULL, &tmap.map);
1774 		ret = open_return >= 0;
1775 
1776 		if (open_return == -EACCES) {
1777 			/*
1778 			 * This happens if the paranoid value
1779 			 * /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid is set to 2
1780 			 * Re-run with exclude_kernel set; we don't do that
1781 			 * by default as some ARM machines do not support it.
1782 			 *
1783 			 */
1784 			evsel->attr.exclude_kernel = 1;
1785 			ret = perf_evsel__open(evsel, NULL, &tmap.map) >= 0;
1786 		}
1787 		perf_evsel__delete(evsel);
1788 	}
1789 
1790 	return ret;
1791 }
1792 
1793 int print_hwcache_events(const char *event_glob, bool name_only)
1794 {
1795 	unsigned int type, op, i, evt_i = 0, evt_num = 0;
1796 	char name[64];
1797 	char **evt_list = NULL;
1798 	bool evt_num_known = false;
1799 
1800 restart:
1801 	if (evt_num_known) {
1802 		evt_list = zalloc(sizeof(char *) * evt_num);
1803 		if (!evt_list)
1804 			goto out_enomem;
1805 	}
1806 
1807 	for (type = 0; type < PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MAX; type++) {
1808 		for (op = 0; op < PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_MAX; op++) {
1809 			/* skip invalid cache type */
1810 			if (!perf_evsel__is_cache_op_valid(type, op))
1811 				continue;
1812 
1813 			for (i = 0; i < PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MAX; i++) {
1814 				__perf_evsel__hw_cache_type_op_res_name(type, op, i,
1815 									name, sizeof(name));
1816 				if (event_glob != NULL && !strglobmatch(name, event_glob))
1817 					continue;
1818 
1819 				if (!is_event_supported(PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1820 							type | (op << 8) | (i << 16)))
1821 					continue;
1822 
1823 				if (!evt_num_known) {
1824 					evt_num++;
1825 					continue;
1826 				}
1827 
1828 				evt_list[evt_i] = strdup(name);
1829 				if (evt_list[evt_i] == NULL)
1830 					goto out_enomem;
1831 				evt_i++;
1832 			}
1833 		}
1834 	}
1835 
1836 	if (!evt_num_known) {
1837 		evt_num_known = true;
1838 		goto restart;
1839 	}
1840 	qsort(evt_list, evt_num, sizeof(char *), cmp_string);
1841 	evt_i = 0;
1842 	while (evt_i < evt_num) {
1843 		if (name_only) {
1844 			printf("%s ", evt_list[evt_i++]);
1845 			continue;
1846 		}
1847 		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n", evt_list[evt_i++],
1848 				event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE]);
1849 	}
1850 	if (evt_num && pager_in_use())
1851 		printf("\n");
1852 
1853 out_free:
1854 	evt_num = evt_i;
1855 	for (evt_i = 0; evt_i < evt_num; evt_i++)
1856 		zfree(&evt_list[evt_i]);
1857 	zfree(&evt_list);
1858 	return evt_num;
1859 
1860 out_enomem:
1861 	printf("FATAL: not enough memory to print %s\n", event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE]);
1862 	if (evt_list)
1863 		goto out_free;
1864 	return evt_num;
1865 }
1866 
1867 void print_symbol_events(const char *event_glob, unsigned type,
1868 				struct event_symbol *syms, unsigned max,
1869 				bool name_only)
1870 {
1871 	unsigned int i, evt_i = 0, evt_num = 0;
1872 	char name[MAX_NAME_LEN];
1873 	char **evt_list = NULL;
1874 	bool evt_num_known = false;
1875 
1876 restart:
1877 	if (evt_num_known) {
1878 		evt_list = zalloc(sizeof(char *) * evt_num);
1879 		if (!evt_list)
1880 			goto out_enomem;
1881 		syms -= max;
1882 	}
1883 
1884 	for (i = 0; i < max; i++, syms++) {
1885 
1886 		if (event_glob != NULL && syms->symbol != NULL &&
1887 		    !(strglobmatch(syms->symbol, event_glob) ||
1888 		      (syms->alias && strglobmatch(syms->alias, event_glob))))
1889 			continue;
1890 
1891 		if (!is_event_supported(type, i))
1892 			continue;
1893 
1894 		if (!evt_num_known) {
1895 			evt_num++;
1896 			continue;
1897 		}
1898 
1899 		if (!name_only && strlen(syms->alias))
1900 			snprintf(name, MAX_NAME_LEN, "%s OR %s", syms->symbol, syms->alias);
1901 		else
1902 			strncpy(name, syms->symbol, MAX_NAME_LEN);
1903 
1904 		evt_list[evt_i] = strdup(name);
1905 		if (evt_list[evt_i] == NULL)
1906 			goto out_enomem;
1907 		evt_i++;
1908 	}
1909 
1910 	if (!evt_num_known) {
1911 		evt_num_known = true;
1912 		goto restart;
1913 	}
1914 	qsort(evt_list, evt_num, sizeof(char *), cmp_string);
1915 	evt_i = 0;
1916 	while (evt_i < evt_num) {
1917 		if (name_only) {
1918 			printf("%s ", evt_list[evt_i++]);
1919 			continue;
1920 		}
1921 		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n", evt_list[evt_i++], event_type_descriptors[type]);
1922 	}
1923 	if (evt_num && pager_in_use())
1924 		printf("\n");
1925 
1926 out_free:
1927 	evt_num = evt_i;
1928 	for (evt_i = 0; evt_i < evt_num; evt_i++)
1929 		zfree(&evt_list[evt_i]);
1930 	zfree(&evt_list);
1931 	return;
1932 
1933 out_enomem:
1934 	printf("FATAL: not enough memory to print %s\n", event_type_descriptors[type]);
1935 	if (evt_list)
1936 		goto out_free;
1937 }
1938 
1939 /*
1940  * Print the help text for the event symbols:
1941  */
1942 void print_events(const char *event_glob, bool name_only)
1943 {
1944 	print_symbol_events(event_glob, PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE,
1945 			    event_symbols_hw, PERF_COUNT_HW_MAX, name_only);
1946 
1947 	print_symbol_events(event_glob, PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE,
1948 			    event_symbols_sw, PERF_COUNT_SW_MAX, name_only);
1949 
1950 	print_hwcache_events(event_glob, name_only);
1951 
1952 	print_pmu_events(event_glob, name_only);
1953 
1954 	if (event_glob != NULL)
1955 		return;
1956 
1957 	if (!name_only) {
1958 		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n",
1959 		       "rNNN",
1960 		       event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_RAW]);
1961 		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n",
1962 		       "cpu/t1=v1[,t2=v2,t3 ...]/modifier",
1963 		       event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_RAW]);
1964 		if (pager_in_use())
1965 			printf("   (see 'man perf-list' on how to encode it)\n\n");
1966 
1967 		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n",
1968 		       "mem:<addr>[/len][:access]",
1969 			event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT]);
1970 		if (pager_in_use())
1971 			printf("\n");
1972 	}
1973 
1974 	print_tracepoint_events(NULL, NULL, name_only);
1975 }
1976 
1977 int parse_events__is_hardcoded_term(struct parse_events_term *term)
1978 {
1979 	return term->type_term != PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER;
1980 }
1981 
1982 static int new_term(struct parse_events_term **_term, int type_val,
1983 		    int type_term, char *config,
1984 		    char *str, u64 num, int err_term, int err_val)
1985 {
1986 	struct parse_events_term *term;
1987 
1988 	term = zalloc(sizeof(*term));
1989 	if (!term)
1990 		return -ENOMEM;
1991 
1992 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&term->list);
1993 	term->type_val  = type_val;
1994 	term->type_term = type_term;
1995 	term->config = config;
1996 	term->err_term = err_term;
1997 	term->err_val  = err_val;
1998 
1999 	switch (type_val) {
2000 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NUM:
2001 		term->val.num = num;
2002 		break;
2003 	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STR:
2004 		term->val.str = str;
2005 		break;
2006 	default:
2007 		free(term);
2008 		return -EINVAL;
2009 	}
2010 
2011 	*_term = term;
2012 	return 0;
2013 }
2014 
2015 int parse_events_term__num(struct parse_events_term **term,
2016 			   int type_term, char *config, u64 num,
2017 			   void *loc_term_, void *loc_val_)
2018 {
2019 	YYLTYPE *loc_term = loc_term_;
2020 	YYLTYPE *loc_val = loc_val_;
2021 
2022 	return new_term(term, PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NUM, type_term,
2023 			config, NULL, num,
2024 			loc_term ? loc_term->first_column : 0,
2025 			loc_val ? loc_val->first_column : 0);
2026 }
2027 
2028 int parse_events_term__str(struct parse_events_term **term,
2029 			   int type_term, char *config, char *str,
2030 			   void *loc_term_, void *loc_val_)
2031 {
2032 	YYLTYPE *loc_term = loc_term_;
2033 	YYLTYPE *loc_val = loc_val_;
2034 
2035 	return new_term(term, PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STR, type_term,
2036 			config, str, 0,
2037 			loc_term ? loc_term->first_column : 0,
2038 			loc_val ? loc_val->first_column : 0);
2039 }
2040 
2041 int parse_events_term__sym_hw(struct parse_events_term **term,
2042 			      char *config, unsigned idx)
2043 {
2044 	struct event_symbol *sym;
2045 
2046 	BUG_ON(idx >= PERF_COUNT_HW_MAX);
2047 	sym = &event_symbols_hw[idx];
2048 
2049 	if (config)
2050 		return new_term(term, PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STR,
2051 				PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER, config,
2052 				(char *) sym->symbol, 0, 0, 0);
2053 	else
2054 		return new_term(term, PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STR,
2055 				PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER,
2056 				(char *) "event", (char *) sym->symbol,
2057 				0, 0, 0);
2058 }
2059 
2060 int parse_events_term__clone(struct parse_events_term **new,
2061 			     struct parse_events_term *term)
2062 {
2063 	return new_term(new, term->type_val, term->type_term, term->config,
2064 			term->val.str, term->val.num,
2065 			term->err_term, term->err_val);
2066 }
2067 
2068 void parse_events__free_terms(struct list_head *terms)
2069 {
2070 	struct parse_events_term *term, *h;
2071 
2072 	list_for_each_entry_safe(term, h, terms, list)
2073 		free(term);
2074 }
2075 
2076 void parse_events_evlist_error(struct parse_events_evlist *data,
2077 			       int idx, const char *str)
2078 {
2079 	struct parse_events_error *err = data->error;
2080 
2081 	if (!err)
2082 		return;
2083 	err->idx = idx;
2084 	err->str = strdup(str);
2085 	WARN_ONCE(!err->str, "WARNING: failed to allocate error string");
2086 }
2087 
2088 /*
2089  * Return string contains valid config terms of an event.
2090  * @additional_terms: For terms such as PMU sysfs terms.
2091  */
2092 char *parse_events_formats_error_string(char *additional_terms)
2093 {
2094 	char *str;
2095 	static const char *static_terms = "config,config1,config2,name,"
2096 					  "period,freq,branch_type,time,"
2097 					  "call-graph,stack-size\n";
2098 
2099 	/* valid terms */
2100 	if (additional_terms) {
2101 		if (!asprintf(&str, "valid terms: %s,%s",
2102 			      additional_terms, static_terms))
2103 			goto fail;
2104 	} else {
2105 		if (!asprintf(&str, "valid terms: %s", static_terms))
2106 			goto fail;
2107 	}
2108 	return str;
2109 
2110 fail:
2111 	return NULL;
2112 }
2113