xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/perf/util/genelf_debug.c (revision 2169e6da)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * genelf_debug.c
4  * Copyright (C) 2015, Google, Inc
5  *
6  * Contributed by:
7  * 	Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
8  *
9  * based on GPLv2 source code from Oprofile
10  * @remark Copyright 2007 OProfile authors
11  * @author Philippe Elie
12  */
13 #include <linux/compiler.h>
14 #include <sys/types.h>
15 #include <stdio.h>
16 #include <getopt.h>
17 #include <stddef.h>
18 #include <libelf.h>
19 #include <string.h>
20 #include <stdlib.h>
21 #include <inttypes.h>
22 #include <limits.h>
23 #include <fcntl.h>
24 #include <err.h>
25 #include <dwarf.h>
26 
27 #include "perf.h"
28 #include "genelf.h"
29 #include "../util/jitdump.h"
30 
31 #define BUFFER_EXT_DFL_SIZE	(4 * 1024)
32 
33 typedef uint32_t uword;
34 typedef uint16_t uhalf;
35 typedef int32_t  sword;
36 typedef int16_t  shalf;
37 typedef uint8_t  ubyte;
38 typedef int8_t   sbyte;
39 
40 struct buffer_ext {
41 	size_t cur_pos;
42 	size_t max_sz;
43 	void *data;
44 };
45 
46 static void
47 buffer_ext_dump(struct buffer_ext *be, const char *msg)
48 {
49 	size_t i;
50 	warnx("DUMP for %s", msg);
51 	for (i = 0 ; i < be->cur_pos; i++)
52 		warnx("%4zu 0x%02x", i, (((char *)be->data)[i]) & 0xff);
53 }
54 
55 static inline int
56 buffer_ext_add(struct buffer_ext *be, void *addr, size_t sz)
57 {
58 	void *tmp;
59 	size_t be_sz = be->max_sz;
60 
61 retry:
62 	if ((be->cur_pos + sz) < be_sz) {
63 		memcpy(be->data + be->cur_pos, addr, sz);
64 		be->cur_pos += sz;
65 		return 0;
66 	}
67 
68 	if (!be_sz)
69 		be_sz = BUFFER_EXT_DFL_SIZE;
70 	else
71 		be_sz <<= 1;
72 
73 	tmp = realloc(be->data, be_sz);
74 	if (!tmp)
75 		return -1;
76 
77 	be->data   = tmp;
78 	be->max_sz = be_sz;
79 
80 	goto retry;
81 }
82 
83 static void
84 buffer_ext_init(struct buffer_ext *be)
85 {
86 	be->data = NULL;
87 	be->cur_pos = 0;
88 	be->max_sz = 0;
89 }
90 
91 static inline size_t
92 buffer_ext_size(struct buffer_ext *be)
93 {
94 	return be->cur_pos;
95 }
96 
97 static inline void *
98 buffer_ext_addr(struct buffer_ext *be)
99 {
100 	return be->data;
101 }
102 
103 struct debug_line_header {
104 	// Not counting this field
105 	uword total_length;
106 	// version number (2 currently)
107 	uhalf version;
108 	// relative offset from next field to
109 	// program statement
110 	uword prolog_length;
111 	ubyte minimum_instruction_length;
112 	ubyte default_is_stmt;
113 	// line_base - see DWARF 2 specs
114 	sbyte line_base;
115 	// line_range - see DWARF 2 specs
116 	ubyte line_range;
117 	// number of opcode + 1
118 	ubyte opcode_base;
119 	/* follow the array of opcode args nr: ubytes [nr_opcode_base] */
120 	/* follow the search directories index, zero terminated string
121 	 * terminated by an empty string.
122 	 */
123 	/* follow an array of { filename, LEB128, LEB128, LEB128 }, first is
124 	 * the directory index entry, 0 means current directory, then mtime
125 	 * and filesize, last entry is followed by en empty string.
126 	 */
127 	/* follow the first program statement */
128 } __packed;
129 
130 /* DWARF 2 spec talk only about one possible compilation unit header while
131  * binutils can handle two flavours of dwarf 2, 32 and 64 bits, this is not
132  * related to the used arch, an ELF 32 can hold more than 4 Go of debug
133  * information. For now we handle only DWARF 2 32 bits comp unit. It'll only
134  * become a problem if we generate more than 4GB of debug information.
135  */
136 struct compilation_unit_header {
137 	uword total_length;
138 	uhalf version;
139 	uword debug_abbrev_offset;
140 	ubyte pointer_size;
141 } __packed;
142 
143 #define DW_LNS_num_opcode (DW_LNS_set_isa + 1)
144 
145 /* field filled at run time are marked with -1 */
146 static struct debug_line_header const default_debug_line_header = {
147 	.total_length = -1,
148 	.version = 2,
149 	.prolog_length = -1,
150 	.minimum_instruction_length = 1,	/* could be better when min instruction size != 1 */
151 	.default_is_stmt = 1,	/* we don't take care about basic block */
152 	.line_base = -5,	/* sensible value for line base ... */
153 	.line_range = -14,     /* ... and line range are guessed statically */
154 	.opcode_base = DW_LNS_num_opcode
155 };
156 
157 static ubyte standard_opcode_length[] =
158 {
159 	0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1
160 };
161 #if 0
162 {
163 	[DW_LNS_advance_pc]   = 1,
164 	[DW_LNS_advance_line] = 1,
165 	[DW_LNS_set_file] =  1,
166 	[DW_LNS_set_column] = 1,
167 	[DW_LNS_fixed_advance_pc] = 1,
168 	[DW_LNS_set_isa] = 1,
169 };
170 #endif
171 
172 /* field filled at run time are marked with -1 */
173 static struct compilation_unit_header default_comp_unit_header = {
174 	.total_length = -1,
175 	.version = 2,
176 	.debug_abbrev_offset = 0,     /* we reuse the same abbrev entries for all comp unit */
177 	.pointer_size = sizeof(void *)
178 };
179 
180 static void emit_uword(struct buffer_ext *be, uword data)
181 {
182 	buffer_ext_add(be, &data, sizeof(uword));
183 }
184 
185 static void emit_string(struct buffer_ext *be, const char *s)
186 {
187 	buffer_ext_add(be, (void *)s, strlen(s) + 1);
188 }
189 
190 static void emit_unsigned_LEB128(struct buffer_ext *be,
191 				 unsigned long data)
192 {
193 	do {
194 		ubyte cur = data & 0x7F;
195 		data >>= 7;
196 		if (data)
197 			cur |= 0x80;
198 		buffer_ext_add(be, &cur, 1);
199 	} while (data);
200 }
201 
202 static void emit_signed_LEB128(struct buffer_ext *be, long data)
203 {
204 	int more = 1;
205 	int negative = data < 0;
206 	int size = sizeof(long) * CHAR_BIT;
207 	while (more) {
208 		ubyte cur = data & 0x7F;
209 		data >>= 7;
210 		if (negative)
211 			data |= - (1 << (size - 7));
212 		if ((data == 0 && !(cur & 0x40)) ||
213 		    (data == -1l && (cur & 0x40)))
214 			more = 0;
215 		else
216 			cur |= 0x80;
217 		buffer_ext_add(be, &cur, 1);
218 	}
219 }
220 
221 static void emit_extended_opcode(struct buffer_ext *be, ubyte opcode,
222 				 void *data, size_t data_len)
223 {
224 	buffer_ext_add(be, (char *)"", 1);
225 
226 	emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, data_len + 1);
227 
228 	buffer_ext_add(be, &opcode, 1);
229 	buffer_ext_add(be, data, data_len);
230 }
231 
232 static void emit_opcode(struct buffer_ext *be, ubyte opcode)
233 {
234 	buffer_ext_add(be, &opcode, 1);
235 }
236 
237 static void emit_opcode_signed(struct buffer_ext  *be,
238 			       ubyte opcode, long data)
239 {
240 	buffer_ext_add(be, &opcode, 1);
241 	emit_signed_LEB128(be, data);
242 }
243 
244 static void emit_opcode_unsigned(struct buffer_ext *be, ubyte opcode,
245 				 unsigned long data)
246 {
247 	buffer_ext_add(be, &opcode, 1);
248 	emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, data);
249 }
250 
251 static void emit_advance_pc(struct buffer_ext *be, unsigned long delta_pc)
252 {
253 	emit_opcode_unsigned(be, DW_LNS_advance_pc, delta_pc);
254 }
255 
256 static void emit_advance_lineno(struct buffer_ext  *be, long delta_lineno)
257 {
258 	emit_opcode_signed(be, DW_LNS_advance_line, delta_lineno);
259 }
260 
261 static void emit_lne_end_of_sequence(struct buffer_ext *be)
262 {
263 	emit_extended_opcode(be, DW_LNE_end_sequence, NULL, 0);
264 }
265 
266 static void emit_set_file(struct buffer_ext *be, unsigned long idx)
267 {
268 	emit_opcode_unsigned(be, DW_LNS_set_file, idx);
269 }
270 
271 static void emit_lne_define_filename(struct buffer_ext *be,
272 				     const char *filename)
273 {
274 	buffer_ext_add(be, (void *)"", 1);
275 
276 	/* LNE field, strlen(filename) + zero termination, 3 bytes for: the dir entry, timestamp, filesize */
277 	emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, strlen(filename) + 5);
278 	emit_opcode(be, DW_LNE_define_file);
279 	emit_string(be, filename);
280 	/* directory index 0=do not know */
281         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, 0);
282 	/* last modification date on file 0=do not know */
283         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, 0);
284 	/* filesize 0=do not know */
285         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, 0);
286 }
287 
288 static void emit_lne_set_address(struct buffer_ext *be,
289 				 void *address)
290 {
291 	emit_extended_opcode(be, DW_LNE_set_address, &address, sizeof(unsigned long));
292 }
293 
294 static ubyte get_special_opcode(struct debug_entry *ent,
295 				unsigned int last_line,
296 				unsigned long last_vma)
297 {
298 	unsigned int temp;
299 	unsigned long delta_addr;
300 
301 	/*
302 	 * delta from line_base
303 	 */
304 	temp = (ent->lineno - last_line) - default_debug_line_header.line_base;
305 
306 	if (temp >= default_debug_line_header.line_range)
307 		return 0;
308 
309 	/*
310 	 * delta of addresses
311 	 */
312 	delta_addr = (ent->addr - last_vma) / default_debug_line_header.minimum_instruction_length;
313 
314 	/* This is not sufficient to ensure opcode will be in [0-256] but
315 	 * sufficient to ensure when summing with the delta lineno we will
316 	 * not overflow the unsigned long opcode */
317 
318 	if (delta_addr <= 256 / default_debug_line_header.line_range) {
319 		unsigned long opcode = temp +
320 			(delta_addr * default_debug_line_header.line_range) +
321 			default_debug_line_header.opcode_base;
322 
323 		return opcode <= 255 ? opcode : 0;
324 	}
325 	return 0;
326 }
327 
328 static void emit_lineno_info(struct buffer_ext *be,
329 			     struct debug_entry *ent, size_t nr_entry,
330 			     unsigned long code_addr)
331 {
332 	size_t i;
333 
334 	/*
335 	 * Machine state at start of a statement program
336 	 * address = 0
337 	 * file    = 1
338 	 * line    = 1
339 	 * column  = 0
340 	 * is_stmt = default_is_stmt as given in the debug_line_header
341 	 * basic block = 0
342 	 * end sequence = 0
343 	 */
344 
345 	/* start state of the state machine we take care of */
346 	unsigned long last_vma = code_addr;
347 	char const  *cur_filename = NULL;
348 	unsigned long cur_file_idx = 0;
349 	int last_line = 1;
350 
351 	emit_lne_set_address(be, (void *)code_addr);
352 
353 	for (i = 0; i < nr_entry; i++, ent = debug_entry_next(ent)) {
354 		int need_copy = 0;
355 		ubyte special_opcode;
356 
357 		/*
358 		 * check if filename changed, if so add it
359 		 */
360 		if (!cur_filename || strcmp(cur_filename, ent->name)) {
361 			emit_lne_define_filename(be, ent->name);
362 			cur_filename = ent->name;
363 			emit_set_file(be, ++cur_file_idx);
364 			need_copy = 1;
365 		}
366 
367 		special_opcode = get_special_opcode(ent, last_line, last_vma);
368 		if (special_opcode != 0) {
369 			last_line = ent->lineno;
370 			last_vma  = ent->addr;
371 			emit_opcode(be, special_opcode);
372 		} else {
373 			/*
374 			 * lines differ, emit line delta
375 			 */
376 			if (last_line != ent->lineno) {
377 				emit_advance_lineno(be, ent->lineno - last_line);
378 				last_line = ent->lineno;
379 				need_copy = 1;
380 			}
381 			/*
382 			 * addresses differ, emit address delta
383 			 */
384 			if (last_vma != ent->addr) {
385 				emit_advance_pc(be, ent->addr - last_vma);
386 				last_vma = ent->addr;
387 				need_copy = 1;
388 			}
389 			/*
390 			 * add new row to matrix
391 			 */
392 			if (need_copy)
393 				emit_opcode(be, DW_LNS_copy);
394 		}
395 	}
396 }
397 
398 static void add_debug_line(struct buffer_ext *be,
399 	struct debug_entry *ent, size_t nr_entry,
400 	unsigned long code_addr)
401 {
402 	struct debug_line_header * dbg_header;
403 	size_t old_size;
404 
405 	old_size = buffer_ext_size(be);
406 
407 	buffer_ext_add(be, (void *)&default_debug_line_header,
408 		 sizeof(default_debug_line_header));
409 
410 	buffer_ext_add(be, &standard_opcode_length,  sizeof(standard_opcode_length));
411 
412 	// empty directory entry
413 	buffer_ext_add(be, (void *)"", 1);
414 
415 	// empty filename directory
416 	buffer_ext_add(be, (void *)"", 1);
417 
418 	dbg_header = buffer_ext_addr(be) + old_size;
419 	dbg_header->prolog_length = (buffer_ext_size(be) - old_size) -
420 		offsetof(struct debug_line_header, minimum_instruction_length);
421 
422 	emit_lineno_info(be, ent, nr_entry, code_addr);
423 
424 	emit_lne_end_of_sequence(be);
425 
426 	dbg_header = buffer_ext_addr(be) + old_size;
427 	dbg_header->total_length = (buffer_ext_size(be) - old_size) -
428 		offsetof(struct debug_line_header, version);
429 }
430 
431 static void
432 add_debug_abbrev(struct buffer_ext *be)
433 {
434         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, 1);
435         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, DW_TAG_compile_unit);
436         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, DW_CHILDREN_yes);
437         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, DW_AT_stmt_list);
438         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, DW_FORM_data4);
439         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, 0);
440         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, 0);
441         emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, 0);
442 }
443 
444 static void
445 add_compilation_unit(struct buffer_ext *be,
446 		     size_t offset_debug_line)
447 {
448 	struct compilation_unit_header *comp_unit_header;
449 	size_t old_size = buffer_ext_size(be);
450 
451 	buffer_ext_add(be, &default_comp_unit_header,
452 		       sizeof(default_comp_unit_header));
453 
454 	emit_unsigned_LEB128(be, 1);
455 	emit_uword(be, offset_debug_line);
456 
457 	comp_unit_header = buffer_ext_addr(be) + old_size;
458 	comp_unit_header->total_length = (buffer_ext_size(be) - old_size) -
459 		offsetof(struct compilation_unit_header, version);
460 }
461 
462 static int
463 jit_process_debug_info(uint64_t code_addr,
464 		       void *debug, int nr_debug_entries,
465 		       struct buffer_ext *dl,
466 		       struct buffer_ext *da,
467 		       struct buffer_ext *di)
468 {
469 	struct debug_entry *ent = debug;
470 	int i;
471 
472 	for (i = 0; i < nr_debug_entries; i++) {
473 		ent->addr = ent->addr - code_addr;
474 		ent = debug_entry_next(ent);
475 	}
476 	add_compilation_unit(di, buffer_ext_size(dl));
477 	add_debug_line(dl, debug, nr_debug_entries, 0);
478 	add_debug_abbrev(da);
479 	if (0) buffer_ext_dump(da, "abbrev");
480 
481 	return 0;
482 }
483 
484 int
485 jit_add_debug_info(Elf *e, uint64_t code_addr, void *debug, int nr_debug_entries)
486 {
487 	Elf_Data *d;
488 	Elf_Scn *scn;
489 	Elf_Shdr *shdr;
490 	struct buffer_ext dl, di, da;
491 	int ret;
492 
493 	buffer_ext_init(&dl);
494 	buffer_ext_init(&di);
495 	buffer_ext_init(&da);
496 
497 	ret = jit_process_debug_info(code_addr, debug, nr_debug_entries, &dl, &da, &di);
498 	if (ret)
499 		return -1;
500 	/*
501 	 * setup .debug_line section
502 	 */
503 	scn = elf_newscn(e);
504 	if (!scn) {
505 		warnx("cannot create section");
506 		return -1;
507 	}
508 
509 	d = elf_newdata(scn);
510 	if (!d) {
511 		warnx("cannot get new data");
512 		return -1;
513 	}
514 
515 	d->d_align = 1;
516 	d->d_off = 0LL;
517 	d->d_buf = buffer_ext_addr(&dl);
518 	d->d_type = ELF_T_BYTE;
519 	d->d_size = buffer_ext_size(&dl);
520 	d->d_version = EV_CURRENT;
521 
522 	shdr = elf_getshdr(scn);
523 	if (!shdr) {
524 		warnx("cannot get section header");
525 		return -1;
526 	}
527 
528 	shdr->sh_name = 52; /* .debug_line */
529 	shdr->sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS;
530 	shdr->sh_addr = 0; /* must be zero or == sh_offset -> dynamic object */
531 	shdr->sh_flags = 0;
532 	shdr->sh_entsize = 0;
533 
534 	/*
535 	 * setup .debug_info section
536 	 */
537 	scn = elf_newscn(e);
538 	if (!scn) {
539 		warnx("cannot create section");
540 		return -1;
541 	}
542 
543 	d = elf_newdata(scn);
544 	if (!d) {
545 		warnx("cannot get new data");
546 		return -1;
547 	}
548 
549 	d->d_align = 1;
550 	d->d_off = 0LL;
551 	d->d_buf = buffer_ext_addr(&di);
552 	d->d_type = ELF_T_BYTE;
553 	d->d_size = buffer_ext_size(&di);
554 	d->d_version = EV_CURRENT;
555 
556 	shdr = elf_getshdr(scn);
557 	if (!shdr) {
558 		warnx("cannot get section header");
559 		return -1;
560 	}
561 
562 	shdr->sh_name = 64; /* .debug_info */
563 	shdr->sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS;
564 	shdr->sh_addr = 0; /* must be zero or == sh_offset -> dynamic object */
565 	shdr->sh_flags = 0;
566 	shdr->sh_entsize = 0;
567 
568 	/*
569 	 * setup .debug_abbrev section
570 	 */
571 	scn = elf_newscn(e);
572 	if (!scn) {
573 		warnx("cannot create section");
574 		return -1;
575 	}
576 
577 	d = elf_newdata(scn);
578 	if (!d) {
579 		warnx("cannot get new data");
580 		return -1;
581 	}
582 
583 	d->d_align = 1;
584 	d->d_off = 0LL;
585 	d->d_buf = buffer_ext_addr(&da);
586 	d->d_type = ELF_T_BYTE;
587 	d->d_size = buffer_ext_size(&da);
588 	d->d_version = EV_CURRENT;
589 
590 	shdr = elf_getshdr(scn);
591 	if (!shdr) {
592 		warnx("cannot get section header");
593 		return -1;
594 	}
595 
596 	shdr->sh_name = 76; /* .debug_info */
597 	shdr->sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS;
598 	shdr->sh_addr = 0; /* must be zero or == sh_offset -> dynamic object */
599 	shdr->sh_flags = 0;
600 	shdr->sh_entsize = 0;
601 
602 	/*
603 	 * now we update the ELF image with all the sections
604 	 */
605 	if (elf_update(e, ELF_C_WRITE) < 0) {
606 		warnx("elf_update debug failed");
607 		return -1;
608 	}
609 	return 0;
610 }
611