xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/perf/perf.c (revision 7dd65feb)
1 /*
2  * perf.c
3  *
4  * Performance analysis utility.
5  *
6  * This is the main hub from which the sub-commands (perf stat,
7  * perf top, perf record, perf report, etc.) are started.
8  */
9 #include "builtin.h"
10 
11 #include "util/exec_cmd.h"
12 #include "util/cache.h"
13 #include "util/quote.h"
14 #include "util/run-command.h"
15 #include "util/parse-events.h"
16 #include "util/string.h"
17 #include "util/debugfs.h"
18 
19 const char perf_usage_string[] =
20 	"perf [--version] [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]";
21 
22 const char perf_more_info_string[] =
23 	"See 'perf help COMMAND' for more information on a specific command.";
24 
25 static int use_pager = -1;
26 struct pager_config {
27 	const char *cmd;
28 	int val;
29 };
30 
31 static char debugfs_mntpt[MAXPATHLEN];
32 
33 static int pager_command_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
34 {
35 	struct pager_config *c = data;
36 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "pager.") && !strcmp(var + 6, c->cmd))
37 		c->val = perf_config_bool(var, value);
38 	return 0;
39 }
40 
41 /* returns 0 for "no pager", 1 for "use pager", and -1 for "not specified" */
42 int check_pager_config(const char *cmd)
43 {
44 	struct pager_config c;
45 	c.cmd = cmd;
46 	c.val = -1;
47 	perf_config(pager_command_config, &c);
48 	return c.val;
49 }
50 
51 static void commit_pager_choice(void) {
52 	switch (use_pager) {
53 	case 0:
54 		setenv("PERF_PAGER", "cat", 1);
55 		break;
56 	case 1:
57 		/* setup_pager(); */
58 		break;
59 	default:
60 		break;
61 	}
62 }
63 
64 static void set_debugfs_path(void)
65 {
66 	char *path;
67 
68 	path = getenv(PERF_DEBUGFS_ENVIRONMENT);
69 	snprintf(debugfs_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s", path ?: debugfs_mntpt,
70 		 "tracing/events");
71 }
72 
73 static int handle_options(const char*** argv, int* argc, int* envchanged)
74 {
75 	int handled = 0;
76 
77 	while (*argc > 0) {
78 		const char *cmd = (*argv)[0];
79 		if (cmd[0] != '-')
80 			break;
81 
82 		/*
83 		 * For legacy reasons, the "version" and "help"
84 		 * commands can be written with "--" prepended
85 		 * to make them look like flags.
86 		 */
87 		if (!strcmp(cmd, "--help") || !strcmp(cmd, "--version"))
88 			break;
89 
90 		/*
91 		 * Check remaining flags.
92 		 */
93 		if (!prefixcmp(cmd, CMD_EXEC_PATH)) {
94 			cmd += strlen(CMD_EXEC_PATH);
95 			if (*cmd == '=')
96 				perf_set_argv_exec_path(cmd + 1);
97 			else {
98 				puts(perf_exec_path());
99 				exit(0);
100 			}
101 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--html-path")) {
102 			puts(system_path(PERF_HTML_PATH));
103 			exit(0);
104 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-p") || !strcmp(cmd, "--paginate")) {
105 			use_pager = 1;
106 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-pager")) {
107 			use_pager = 0;
108 			if (envchanged)
109 				*envchanged = 1;
110 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--perf-dir")) {
111 			if (*argc < 2) {
112 				fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --perf-dir.\n" );
113 				usage(perf_usage_string);
114 			}
115 			setenv(PERF_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
116 			if (envchanged)
117 				*envchanged = 1;
118 			(*argv)++;
119 			(*argc)--;
120 			handled++;
121 		} else if (!prefixcmp(cmd, CMD_PERF_DIR)) {
122 			setenv(PERF_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, cmd + strlen(CMD_PERF_DIR), 1);
123 			if (envchanged)
124 				*envchanged = 1;
125 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--work-tree")) {
126 			if (*argc < 2) {
127 				fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --work-tree.\n" );
128 				usage(perf_usage_string);
129 			}
130 			setenv(PERF_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
131 			if (envchanged)
132 				*envchanged = 1;
133 			(*argv)++;
134 			(*argc)--;
135 		} else if (!prefixcmp(cmd, CMD_WORK_TREE)) {
136 			setenv(PERF_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, cmd + strlen(CMD_WORK_TREE), 1);
137 			if (envchanged)
138 				*envchanged = 1;
139 		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--debugfs-dir")) {
140 			if (*argc < 2) {
141 				fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --debugfs-dir.\n");
142 				usage(perf_usage_string);
143 			}
144 			strncpy(debugfs_mntpt, (*argv)[1], MAXPATHLEN);
145 			debugfs_mntpt[MAXPATHLEN - 1] = '\0';
146 			if (envchanged)
147 				*envchanged = 1;
148 			(*argv)++;
149 			(*argc)--;
150 		} else if (!prefixcmp(cmd, CMD_DEBUGFS_DIR)) {
151 			strncpy(debugfs_mntpt, cmd + strlen(CMD_DEBUGFS_DIR), MAXPATHLEN);
152 			debugfs_mntpt[MAXPATHLEN - 1] = '\0';
153 			if (envchanged)
154 				*envchanged = 1;
155 		} else {
156 			fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option: %s\n", cmd);
157 			usage(perf_usage_string);
158 		}
159 
160 		(*argv)++;
161 		(*argc)--;
162 		handled++;
163 	}
164 	return handled;
165 }
166 
167 static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
168 {
169 	int envchanged = 0, ret = 0, saved_errno = errno;
170 	int count, option_count;
171 	const char** new_argv;
172 	const char *alias_command;
173 	char *alias_string;
174 
175 	alias_command = (*argv)[0];
176 	alias_string = alias_lookup(alias_command);
177 	if (alias_string) {
178 		if (alias_string[0] == '!') {
179 			if (*argcp > 1) {
180 				struct strbuf buf;
181 
182 				strbuf_init(&buf, PATH_MAX);
183 				strbuf_addstr(&buf, alias_string);
184 				sq_quote_argv(&buf, (*argv) + 1, PATH_MAX);
185 				free(alias_string);
186 				alias_string = buf.buf;
187 			}
188 			ret = system(alias_string + 1);
189 			if (ret >= 0 && WIFEXITED(ret) &&
190 			    WEXITSTATUS(ret) != 127)
191 				exit(WEXITSTATUS(ret));
192 			die("Failed to run '%s' when expanding alias '%s'",
193 			    alias_string + 1, alias_command);
194 		}
195 		count = split_cmdline(alias_string, &new_argv);
196 		if (count < 0)
197 			die("Bad alias.%s string", alias_command);
198 		option_count = handle_options(&new_argv, &count, &envchanged);
199 		if (envchanged)
200 			die("alias '%s' changes environment variables\n"
201 				 "You can use '!perf' in the alias to do this.",
202 				 alias_command);
203 		memmove(new_argv - option_count, new_argv,
204 				count * sizeof(char *));
205 		new_argv -= option_count;
206 
207 		if (count < 1)
208 			die("empty alias for %s", alias_command);
209 
210 		if (!strcmp(alias_command, new_argv[0]))
211 			die("recursive alias: %s", alias_command);
212 
213 		new_argv = realloc(new_argv, sizeof(char*) *
214 				    (count + *argcp + 1));
215 		/* insert after command name */
216 		memcpy(new_argv + count, *argv + 1, sizeof(char*) * *argcp);
217 		new_argv[count+*argcp] = NULL;
218 
219 		*argv = new_argv;
220 		*argcp += count - 1;
221 
222 		ret = 1;
223 	}
224 
225 	errno = saved_errno;
226 
227 	return ret;
228 }
229 
230 const char perf_version_string[] = PERF_VERSION;
231 
232 #define RUN_SETUP	(1<<0)
233 #define USE_PAGER	(1<<1)
234 /*
235  * require working tree to be present -- anything uses this needs
236  * RUN_SETUP for reading from the configuration file.
237  */
238 #define NEED_WORK_TREE	(1<<2)
239 
240 struct cmd_struct {
241 	const char *cmd;
242 	int (*fn)(int, const char **, const char *);
243 	int option;
244 };
245 
246 static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
247 {
248 	int status;
249 	struct stat st;
250 	const char *prefix;
251 
252 	prefix = NULL;
253 	if (p->option & RUN_SETUP)
254 		prefix = NULL; /* setup_perf_directory(); */
255 
256 	if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & RUN_SETUP)
257 		use_pager = check_pager_config(p->cmd);
258 	if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & USE_PAGER)
259 		use_pager = 1;
260 	commit_pager_choice();
261 	set_debugfs_path();
262 
263 	status = p->fn(argc, argv, prefix);
264 	if (status)
265 		return status & 0xff;
266 
267 	/* Somebody closed stdout? */
268 	if (fstat(fileno(stdout), &st))
269 		return 0;
270 	/* Ignore write errors for pipes and sockets.. */
271 	if (S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode) || S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode))
272 		return 0;
273 
274 	/* Check for ENOSPC and EIO errors.. */
275 	if (fflush(stdout))
276 		die("write failure on standard output: %s", strerror(errno));
277 	if (ferror(stdout))
278 		die("unknown write failure on standard output");
279 	if (fclose(stdout))
280 		die("close failed on standard output: %s", strerror(errno));
281 	return 0;
282 }
283 
284 static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
285 {
286 	const char *cmd = argv[0];
287 	static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
288 		{ "buildid-list", cmd_buildid_list, 0 },
289 		{ "diff",	cmd_diff,	0 },
290 		{ "help",	cmd_help,	0 },
291 		{ "list",	cmd_list,	0 },
292 		{ "record",	cmd_record,	0 },
293 		{ "report",	cmd_report,	0 },
294 		{ "bench",	cmd_bench,	0 },
295 		{ "stat",	cmd_stat,	0 },
296 		{ "timechart",	cmd_timechart,	0 },
297 		{ "top",	cmd_top,	0 },
298 		{ "annotate",	cmd_annotate,	0 },
299 		{ "version",	cmd_version,	0 },
300 		{ "trace",	cmd_trace,	0 },
301 		{ "sched",	cmd_sched,	0 },
302 		{ "probe",	cmd_probe,	0 },
303 		{ "kmem",	cmd_kmem,	0 },
304 	};
305 	unsigned int i;
306 	static const char ext[] = STRIP_EXTENSION;
307 
308 	if (sizeof(ext) > 1) {
309 		i = strlen(argv[0]) - strlen(ext);
310 		if (i > 0 && !strcmp(argv[0] + i, ext)) {
311 			char *argv0 = strdup(argv[0]);
312 			argv[0] = cmd = argv0;
313 			argv0[i] = '\0';
314 		}
315 	}
316 
317 	/* Turn "perf cmd --help" into "perf help cmd" */
318 	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--help")) {
319 		argv[1] = argv[0];
320 		argv[0] = cmd = "help";
321 	}
322 
323 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(commands); i++) {
324 		struct cmd_struct *p = commands+i;
325 		if (strcmp(p->cmd, cmd))
326 			continue;
327 		exit(run_builtin(p, argc, argv));
328 	}
329 }
330 
331 static void execv_dashed_external(const char **argv)
332 {
333 	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
334 	const char *tmp;
335 	int status;
336 
337 	strbuf_addf(&cmd, "perf-%s", argv[0]);
338 
339 	/*
340 	 * argv[0] must be the perf command, but the argv array
341 	 * belongs to the caller, and may be reused in
342 	 * subsequent loop iterations. Save argv[0] and
343 	 * restore it on error.
344 	 */
345 	tmp = argv[0];
346 	argv[0] = cmd.buf;
347 
348 	/*
349 	 * if we fail because the command is not found, it is
350 	 * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code.
351 	 */
352 	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, 0);
353 	if (status != -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC) {
354 		if (IS_RUN_COMMAND_ERR(status))
355 			die("unable to run '%s'", argv[0]);
356 		exit(-status);
357 	}
358 	errno = ENOENT; /* as if we called execvp */
359 
360 	argv[0] = tmp;
361 
362 	strbuf_release(&cmd);
363 }
364 
365 static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
366 {
367 	int done_alias = 0;
368 
369 	while (1) {
370 		/* See if it's an internal command */
371 		handle_internal_command(*argcp, *argv);
372 
373 		/* .. then try the external ones */
374 		execv_dashed_external(*argv);
375 
376 		/* It could be an alias -- this works around the insanity
377 		 * of overriding "perf log" with "perf show" by having
378 		 * alias.log = show
379 		 */
380 		if (done_alias || !handle_alias(argcp, argv))
381 			break;
382 		done_alias = 1;
383 	}
384 
385 	return done_alias;
386 }
387 
388 /* mini /proc/mounts parser: searching for "^blah /mount/point debugfs" */
389 static void get_debugfs_mntpt(void)
390 {
391 	const char *path = debugfs_find_mountpoint();
392 
393 	if (path)
394 		strncpy(debugfs_mntpt, path, sizeof(debugfs_mntpt));
395 	else
396 		debugfs_mntpt[0] = '\0';
397 }
398 
399 int main(int argc, const char **argv)
400 {
401 	const char *cmd;
402 
403 	cmd = perf_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
404 	if (!cmd)
405 		cmd = "perf-help";
406 	/* get debugfs mount point from /proc/mounts */
407 	get_debugfs_mntpt();
408 	/*
409 	 * "perf-xxxx" is the same as "perf xxxx", but we obviously:
410 	 *
411 	 *  - cannot take flags in between the "perf" and the "xxxx".
412 	 *  - cannot execute it externally (since it would just do
413 	 *    the same thing over again)
414 	 *
415 	 * So we just directly call the internal command handler, and
416 	 * die if that one cannot handle it.
417 	 */
418 	if (!prefixcmp(cmd, "perf-")) {
419 		cmd += 5;
420 		argv[0] = cmd;
421 		handle_internal_command(argc, argv);
422 		die("cannot handle %s internally", cmd);
423 	}
424 
425 	/* Look for flags.. */
426 	argv++;
427 	argc--;
428 	handle_options(&argv, &argc, NULL);
429 	commit_pager_choice();
430 	set_debugfs_path();
431 	if (argc > 0) {
432 		if (!prefixcmp(argv[0], "--"))
433 			argv[0] += 2;
434 	} else {
435 		/* The user didn't specify a command; give them help */
436 		printf("\n usage: %s\n\n", perf_usage_string);
437 		list_common_cmds_help();
438 		printf("\n %s\n\n", perf_more_info_string);
439 		exit(1);
440 	}
441 	cmd = argv[0];
442 
443 	/*
444 	 * We use PATH to find perf commands, but we prepend some higher
445 	 * precidence paths: the "--exec-path" option, the PERF_EXEC_PATH
446 	 * environment, and the $(perfexecdir) from the Makefile at build
447 	 * time.
448 	 */
449 	setup_path();
450 
451 	while (1) {
452 		static int done_help = 0;
453 		static int was_alias = 0;
454 
455 		was_alias = run_argv(&argc, &argv);
456 		if (errno != ENOENT)
457 			break;
458 
459 		if (was_alias) {
460 			fprintf(stderr, "Expansion of alias '%s' failed; "
461 				"'%s' is not a perf-command\n",
462 				cmd, argv[0]);
463 			exit(1);
464 		}
465 		if (!done_help) {
466 			cmd = argv[0] = help_unknown_cmd(cmd);
467 			done_help = 1;
468 		} else
469 			break;
470 	}
471 
472 	fprintf(stderr, "Failed to run command '%s': %s\n",
473 		cmd, strerror(errno));
474 
475 	return 1;
476 }
477