xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/perf/builtin-stat.c (revision bc5aa3a0)
1 /*
2  * builtin-stat.c
3  *
4  * Builtin stat command: Give a precise performance counters summary
5  * overview about any workload, CPU or specific PID.
6  *
7  * Sample output:
8 
9    $ perf stat ./hackbench 10
10 
11   Time: 0.118
12 
13   Performance counter stats for './hackbench 10':
14 
15        1708.761321 task-clock                #   11.037 CPUs utilized
16             41,190 context-switches          #    0.024 M/sec
17              6,735 CPU-migrations            #    0.004 M/sec
18             17,318 page-faults               #    0.010 M/sec
19      5,205,202,243 cycles                    #    3.046 GHz
20      3,856,436,920 stalled-cycles-frontend   #   74.09% frontend cycles idle
21      1,600,790,871 stalled-cycles-backend    #   30.75% backend  cycles idle
22      2,603,501,247 instructions              #    0.50  insns per cycle
23                                              #    1.48  stalled cycles per insn
24        484,357,498 branches                  #  283.455 M/sec
25          6,388,934 branch-misses             #    1.32% of all branches
26 
27         0.154822978  seconds time elapsed
28 
29  *
30  * Copyright (C) 2008-2011, Red Hat Inc, Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
31  *
32  * Improvements and fixes by:
33  *
34  *   Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
35  *   Yanmin Zhang <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
36  *   Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
37  *   Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
38  *   Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
39  *   Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinder@kernel.org>
40  *
41  * Released under the GPL v2. (and only v2, not any later version)
42  */
43 
44 #include "perf.h"
45 #include "builtin.h"
46 #include "util/cgroup.h"
47 #include "util/util.h"
48 #include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
49 #include "util/parse-events.h"
50 #include "util/pmu.h"
51 #include "util/event.h"
52 #include "util/evlist.h"
53 #include "util/evsel.h"
54 #include "util/debug.h"
55 #include "util/color.h"
56 #include "util/stat.h"
57 #include "util/header.h"
58 #include "util/cpumap.h"
59 #include "util/thread.h"
60 #include "util/thread_map.h"
61 #include "util/counts.h"
62 #include "util/group.h"
63 #include "util/session.h"
64 #include "util/tool.h"
65 #include "util/group.h"
66 #include "asm/bug.h"
67 
68 #include <api/fs/fs.h>
69 #include <stdlib.h>
70 #include <sys/prctl.h>
71 #include <locale.h>
72 #include <math.h>
73 
74 #define DEFAULT_SEPARATOR	" "
75 #define CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED	"<not supported>"
76 #define CNTR_NOT_COUNTED	"<not counted>"
77 
78 static void print_counters(struct timespec *ts, int argc, const char **argv);
79 
80 /* Default events used for perf stat -T */
81 static const char *transaction_attrs = {
82 	"task-clock,"
83 	"{"
84 	"instructions,"
85 	"cycles,"
86 	"cpu/cycles-t/,"
87 	"cpu/tx-start/,"
88 	"cpu/el-start/,"
89 	"cpu/cycles-ct/"
90 	"}"
91 };
92 
93 /* More limited version when the CPU does not have all events. */
94 static const char * transaction_limited_attrs = {
95 	"task-clock,"
96 	"{"
97 	"instructions,"
98 	"cycles,"
99 	"cpu/cycles-t/,"
100 	"cpu/tx-start/"
101 	"}"
102 };
103 
104 static const char * topdown_attrs[] = {
105 	"topdown-total-slots",
106 	"topdown-slots-retired",
107 	"topdown-recovery-bubbles",
108 	"topdown-fetch-bubbles",
109 	"topdown-slots-issued",
110 	NULL,
111 };
112 
113 static struct perf_evlist	*evsel_list;
114 
115 static struct target target = {
116 	.uid	= UINT_MAX,
117 };
118 
119 typedef int (*aggr_get_id_t)(struct cpu_map *m, int cpu);
120 
121 static int			run_count			=  1;
122 static bool			no_inherit			= false;
123 static volatile pid_t		child_pid			= -1;
124 static bool			null_run			=  false;
125 static int			detailed_run			=  0;
126 static bool			transaction_run;
127 static bool			topdown_run			= false;
128 static bool			big_num				=  true;
129 static int			big_num_opt			=  -1;
130 static const char		*csv_sep			= NULL;
131 static bool			csv_output			= false;
132 static bool			group				= false;
133 static const char		*pre_cmd			= NULL;
134 static const char		*post_cmd			= NULL;
135 static bool			sync_run			= false;
136 static unsigned int		initial_delay			= 0;
137 static unsigned int		unit_width			= 4; /* strlen("unit") */
138 static bool			forever				= false;
139 static bool			metric_only			= false;
140 static bool			force_metric_only		= false;
141 static struct timespec		ref_time;
142 static struct cpu_map		*aggr_map;
143 static aggr_get_id_t		aggr_get_id;
144 static bool			append_file;
145 static const char		*output_name;
146 static int			output_fd;
147 
148 struct perf_stat {
149 	bool			 record;
150 	struct perf_data_file	 file;
151 	struct perf_session	*session;
152 	u64			 bytes_written;
153 	struct perf_tool	 tool;
154 	bool			 maps_allocated;
155 	struct cpu_map		*cpus;
156 	struct thread_map	*threads;
157 	enum aggr_mode		 aggr_mode;
158 };
159 
160 static struct perf_stat		perf_stat;
161 #define STAT_RECORD		perf_stat.record
162 
163 static volatile int done = 0;
164 
165 static struct perf_stat_config stat_config = {
166 	.aggr_mode	= AGGR_GLOBAL,
167 	.scale		= true,
168 };
169 
170 static inline void diff_timespec(struct timespec *r, struct timespec *a,
171 				 struct timespec *b)
172 {
173 	r->tv_sec = a->tv_sec - b->tv_sec;
174 	if (a->tv_nsec < b->tv_nsec) {
175 		r->tv_nsec = a->tv_nsec + 1000000000L - b->tv_nsec;
176 		r->tv_sec--;
177 	} else {
178 		r->tv_nsec = a->tv_nsec - b->tv_nsec ;
179 	}
180 }
181 
182 static void perf_stat__reset_stats(void)
183 {
184 	perf_evlist__reset_stats(evsel_list);
185 	perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats();
186 }
187 
188 static int create_perf_stat_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
189 {
190 	struct perf_event_attr *attr = &evsel->attr;
191 
192 	if (stat_config.scale)
193 		attr->read_format = PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED |
194 				    PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING;
195 
196 	attr->inherit = !no_inherit;
197 
198 	/*
199 	 * Some events get initialized with sample_(period/type) set,
200 	 * like tracepoints. Clear it up for counting.
201 	 */
202 	attr->sample_period = 0;
203 
204 	/*
205 	 * But set sample_type to PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER, which should be harmless
206 	 * while avoiding that older tools show confusing messages.
207 	 *
208 	 * However for pipe sessions we need to keep it zero,
209 	 * because script's perf_evsel__check_attr is triggered
210 	 * by attr->sample_type != 0, and we can't run it on
211 	 * stat sessions.
212 	 */
213 	if (!(STAT_RECORD && perf_stat.file.is_pipe))
214 		attr->sample_type = PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER;
215 
216 	/*
217 	 * Disabling all counters initially, they will be enabled
218 	 * either manually by us or by kernel via enable_on_exec
219 	 * set later.
220 	 */
221 	if (perf_evsel__is_group_leader(evsel)) {
222 		attr->disabled = 1;
223 
224 		/*
225 		 * In case of initial_delay we enable tracee
226 		 * events manually.
227 		 */
228 		if (target__none(&target) && !initial_delay)
229 			attr->enable_on_exec = 1;
230 	}
231 
232 	if (target__has_cpu(&target))
233 		return perf_evsel__open_per_cpu(evsel, perf_evsel__cpus(evsel));
234 
235 	return perf_evsel__open_per_thread(evsel, evsel_list->threads);
236 }
237 
238 /*
239  * Does the counter have nsecs as a unit?
240  */
241 static inline int nsec_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
242 {
243 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK) ||
244 	    perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
245 		return 1;
246 
247 	return 0;
248 }
249 
250 static int process_synthesized_event(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
251 				     union perf_event *event,
252 				     struct perf_sample *sample __maybe_unused,
253 				     struct machine *machine __maybe_unused)
254 {
255 	if (perf_data_file__write(&perf_stat.file, event, event->header.size) < 0) {
256 		pr_err("failed to write perf data, error: %m\n");
257 		return -1;
258 	}
259 
260 	perf_stat.bytes_written += event->header.size;
261 	return 0;
262 }
263 
264 static int write_stat_round_event(u64 tm, u64 type)
265 {
266 	return perf_event__synthesize_stat_round(NULL, tm, type,
267 						 process_synthesized_event,
268 						 NULL);
269 }
270 
271 #define WRITE_STAT_ROUND_EVENT(time, interval) \
272 	write_stat_round_event(time, PERF_STAT_ROUND_TYPE__ ## interval)
273 
274 #define SID(e, x, y) xyarray__entry(e->sample_id, x, y)
275 
276 static int
277 perf_evsel__write_stat_event(struct perf_evsel *counter, u32 cpu, u32 thread,
278 			     struct perf_counts_values *count)
279 {
280 	struct perf_sample_id *sid = SID(counter, cpu, thread);
281 
282 	return perf_event__synthesize_stat(NULL, cpu, thread, sid->id, count,
283 					   process_synthesized_event, NULL);
284 }
285 
286 /*
287  * Read out the results of a single counter:
288  * do not aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
289  */
290 static int read_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
291 {
292 	int nthreads = thread_map__nr(evsel_list->threads);
293 	int ncpus, cpu, thread;
294 
295 	if (target__has_cpu(&target))
296 		ncpus = perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter);
297 	else
298 		ncpus = 1;
299 
300 	if (!counter->supported)
301 		return -ENOENT;
302 
303 	if (counter->system_wide)
304 		nthreads = 1;
305 
306 	for (thread = 0; thread < nthreads; thread++) {
307 		for (cpu = 0; cpu < ncpus; cpu++) {
308 			struct perf_counts_values *count;
309 
310 			count = perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, thread);
311 			if (perf_evsel__read(counter, cpu, thread, count))
312 				return -1;
313 
314 			if (STAT_RECORD) {
315 				if (perf_evsel__write_stat_event(counter, cpu, thread, count)) {
316 					pr_err("failed to write stat event\n");
317 					return -1;
318 				}
319 			}
320 
321 			if (verbose > 1) {
322 				fprintf(stat_config.output,
323 					"%s: %d: %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 "\n",
324 						perf_evsel__name(counter),
325 						cpu,
326 						count->val, count->ena, count->run);
327 			}
328 		}
329 	}
330 
331 	return 0;
332 }
333 
334 static void read_counters(void)
335 {
336 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
337 
338 	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
339 		if (read_counter(counter))
340 			pr_debug("failed to read counter %s\n", counter->name);
341 
342 		if (perf_stat_process_counter(&stat_config, counter))
343 			pr_warning("failed to process counter %s\n", counter->name);
344 	}
345 }
346 
347 static void process_interval(void)
348 {
349 	struct timespec ts, rs;
350 
351 	read_counters();
352 
353 	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
354 	diff_timespec(&rs, &ts, &ref_time);
355 
356 	if (STAT_RECORD) {
357 		if (WRITE_STAT_ROUND_EVENT(rs.tv_sec * NSECS_PER_SEC + rs.tv_nsec, INTERVAL))
358 			pr_err("failed to write stat round event\n");
359 	}
360 
361 	print_counters(&rs, 0, NULL);
362 }
363 
364 static void enable_counters(void)
365 {
366 	if (initial_delay)
367 		usleep(initial_delay * 1000);
368 
369 	/*
370 	 * We need to enable counters only if:
371 	 * - we don't have tracee (attaching to task or cpu)
372 	 * - we have initial delay configured
373 	 */
374 	if (!target__none(&target) || initial_delay)
375 		perf_evlist__enable(evsel_list);
376 }
377 
378 static void disable_counters(void)
379 {
380 	/*
381 	 * If we don't have tracee (attaching to task or cpu), counters may
382 	 * still be running. To get accurate group ratios, we must stop groups
383 	 * from counting before reading their constituent counters.
384 	 */
385 	if (!target__none(&target))
386 		perf_evlist__disable(evsel_list);
387 }
388 
389 static volatile int workload_exec_errno;
390 
391 /*
392  * perf_evlist__prepare_workload will send a SIGUSR1
393  * if the fork fails, since we asked by setting its
394  * want_signal to true.
395  */
396 static void workload_exec_failed_signal(int signo __maybe_unused, siginfo_t *info,
397 					void *ucontext __maybe_unused)
398 {
399 	workload_exec_errno = info->si_value.sival_int;
400 }
401 
402 static bool has_unit(struct perf_evsel *counter)
403 {
404 	return counter->unit && *counter->unit;
405 }
406 
407 static bool has_scale(struct perf_evsel *counter)
408 {
409 	return counter->scale != 1;
410 }
411 
412 static int perf_stat_synthesize_config(bool is_pipe)
413 {
414 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
415 	int err;
416 
417 	if (is_pipe) {
418 		err = perf_event__synthesize_attrs(NULL, perf_stat.session,
419 						   process_synthesized_event);
420 		if (err < 0) {
421 			pr_err("Couldn't synthesize attrs.\n");
422 			return err;
423 		}
424 	}
425 
426 	/*
427 	 * Synthesize other events stuff not carried within
428 	 * attr event - unit, scale, name
429 	 */
430 	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
431 		if (!counter->supported)
432 			continue;
433 
434 		/*
435 		 * Synthesize unit and scale only if it's defined.
436 		 */
437 		if (has_unit(counter)) {
438 			err = perf_event__synthesize_event_update_unit(NULL, counter, process_synthesized_event);
439 			if (err < 0) {
440 				pr_err("Couldn't synthesize evsel unit.\n");
441 				return err;
442 			}
443 		}
444 
445 		if (has_scale(counter)) {
446 			err = perf_event__synthesize_event_update_scale(NULL, counter, process_synthesized_event);
447 			if (err < 0) {
448 				pr_err("Couldn't synthesize evsel scale.\n");
449 				return err;
450 			}
451 		}
452 
453 		if (counter->own_cpus) {
454 			err = perf_event__synthesize_event_update_cpus(NULL, counter, process_synthesized_event);
455 			if (err < 0) {
456 				pr_err("Couldn't synthesize evsel scale.\n");
457 				return err;
458 			}
459 		}
460 
461 		/*
462 		 * Name is needed only for pipe output,
463 		 * perf.data carries event names.
464 		 */
465 		if (is_pipe) {
466 			err = perf_event__synthesize_event_update_name(NULL, counter, process_synthesized_event);
467 			if (err < 0) {
468 				pr_err("Couldn't synthesize evsel name.\n");
469 				return err;
470 			}
471 		}
472 	}
473 
474 	err = perf_event__synthesize_thread_map2(NULL, evsel_list->threads,
475 						process_synthesized_event,
476 						NULL);
477 	if (err < 0) {
478 		pr_err("Couldn't synthesize thread map.\n");
479 		return err;
480 	}
481 
482 	err = perf_event__synthesize_cpu_map(NULL, evsel_list->cpus,
483 					     process_synthesized_event, NULL);
484 	if (err < 0) {
485 		pr_err("Couldn't synthesize thread map.\n");
486 		return err;
487 	}
488 
489 	err = perf_event__synthesize_stat_config(NULL, &stat_config,
490 						 process_synthesized_event, NULL);
491 	if (err < 0) {
492 		pr_err("Couldn't synthesize config.\n");
493 		return err;
494 	}
495 
496 	return 0;
497 }
498 
499 #define FD(e, x, y) (*(int *)xyarray__entry(e->fd, x, y))
500 
501 static int __store_counter_ids(struct perf_evsel *counter,
502 			       struct cpu_map *cpus,
503 			       struct thread_map *threads)
504 {
505 	int cpu, thread;
506 
507 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < cpus->nr; cpu++) {
508 		for (thread = 0; thread < threads->nr; thread++) {
509 			int fd = FD(counter, cpu, thread);
510 
511 			if (perf_evlist__id_add_fd(evsel_list, counter,
512 						   cpu, thread, fd) < 0)
513 				return -1;
514 		}
515 	}
516 
517 	return 0;
518 }
519 
520 static int store_counter_ids(struct perf_evsel *counter)
521 {
522 	struct cpu_map *cpus = counter->cpus;
523 	struct thread_map *threads = counter->threads;
524 
525 	if (perf_evsel__alloc_id(counter, cpus->nr, threads->nr))
526 		return -ENOMEM;
527 
528 	return __store_counter_ids(counter, cpus, threads);
529 }
530 
531 static int __run_perf_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
532 {
533 	int interval = stat_config.interval;
534 	char msg[512];
535 	unsigned long long t0, t1;
536 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
537 	struct timespec ts;
538 	size_t l;
539 	int status = 0;
540 	const bool forks = (argc > 0);
541 	bool is_pipe = STAT_RECORD ? perf_stat.file.is_pipe : false;
542 
543 	if (interval) {
544 		ts.tv_sec  = interval / 1000;
545 		ts.tv_nsec = (interval % 1000) * 1000000;
546 	} else {
547 		ts.tv_sec  = 1;
548 		ts.tv_nsec = 0;
549 	}
550 
551 	if (forks) {
552 		if (perf_evlist__prepare_workload(evsel_list, &target, argv, is_pipe,
553 						  workload_exec_failed_signal) < 0) {
554 			perror("failed to prepare workload");
555 			return -1;
556 		}
557 		child_pid = evsel_list->workload.pid;
558 	}
559 
560 	if (group)
561 		perf_evlist__set_leader(evsel_list);
562 
563 	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
564 try_again:
565 		if (create_perf_stat_counter(counter) < 0) {
566 			/*
567 			 * PPC returns ENXIO for HW counters until 2.6.37
568 			 * (behavior changed with commit b0a873e).
569 			 */
570 			if (errno == EINVAL || errno == ENOSYS ||
571 			    errno == ENOENT || errno == EOPNOTSUPP ||
572 			    errno == ENXIO) {
573 				if (verbose)
574 					ui__warning("%s event is not supported by the kernel.\n",
575 						    perf_evsel__name(counter));
576 				counter->supported = false;
577 
578 				if ((counter->leader != counter) ||
579 				    !(counter->leader->nr_members > 1))
580 					continue;
581 			} else if (perf_evsel__fallback(counter, errno, msg, sizeof(msg))) {
582                                 if (verbose)
583                                         ui__warning("%s\n", msg);
584                                 goto try_again;
585                         }
586 
587 			perf_evsel__open_strerror(counter, &target,
588 						  errno, msg, sizeof(msg));
589 			ui__error("%s\n", msg);
590 
591 			if (child_pid != -1)
592 				kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
593 
594 			return -1;
595 		}
596 		counter->supported = true;
597 
598 		l = strlen(counter->unit);
599 		if (l > unit_width)
600 			unit_width = l;
601 
602 		if (STAT_RECORD && store_counter_ids(counter))
603 			return -1;
604 	}
605 
606 	if (perf_evlist__apply_filters(evsel_list, &counter)) {
607 		error("failed to set filter \"%s\" on event %s with %d (%s)\n",
608 			counter->filter, perf_evsel__name(counter), errno,
609 			str_error_r(errno, msg, sizeof(msg)));
610 		return -1;
611 	}
612 
613 	if (STAT_RECORD) {
614 		int err, fd = perf_data_file__fd(&perf_stat.file);
615 
616 		if (is_pipe) {
617 			err = perf_header__write_pipe(perf_data_file__fd(&perf_stat.file));
618 		} else {
619 			err = perf_session__write_header(perf_stat.session, evsel_list,
620 							 fd, false);
621 		}
622 
623 		if (err < 0)
624 			return err;
625 
626 		err = perf_stat_synthesize_config(is_pipe);
627 		if (err < 0)
628 			return err;
629 	}
630 
631 	/*
632 	 * Enable counters and exec the command:
633 	 */
634 	t0 = rdclock();
635 	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ref_time);
636 
637 	if (forks) {
638 		perf_evlist__start_workload(evsel_list);
639 		enable_counters();
640 
641 		if (interval) {
642 			while (!waitpid(child_pid, &status, WNOHANG)) {
643 				nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
644 				process_interval();
645 			}
646 		}
647 		wait(&status);
648 
649 		if (workload_exec_errno) {
650 			const char *emsg = str_error_r(workload_exec_errno, msg, sizeof(msg));
651 			pr_err("Workload failed: %s\n", emsg);
652 			return -1;
653 		}
654 
655 		if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
656 			psignal(WTERMSIG(status), argv[0]);
657 	} else {
658 		enable_counters();
659 		while (!done) {
660 			nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
661 			if (interval)
662 				process_interval();
663 		}
664 	}
665 
666 	disable_counters();
667 
668 	t1 = rdclock();
669 
670 	update_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats, t1 - t0);
671 
672 	/*
673 	 * Closing a group leader splits the group, and as we only disable
674 	 * group leaders, results in remaining events becoming enabled. To
675 	 * avoid arbitrary skew, we must read all counters before closing any
676 	 * group leaders.
677 	 */
678 	read_counters();
679 	perf_evlist__close(evsel_list);
680 
681 	return WEXITSTATUS(status);
682 }
683 
684 static int run_perf_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
685 {
686 	int ret;
687 
688 	if (pre_cmd) {
689 		ret = system(pre_cmd);
690 		if (ret)
691 			return ret;
692 	}
693 
694 	if (sync_run)
695 		sync();
696 
697 	ret = __run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
698 	if (ret)
699 		return ret;
700 
701 	if (post_cmd) {
702 		ret = system(post_cmd);
703 		if (ret)
704 			return ret;
705 	}
706 
707 	return ret;
708 }
709 
710 static void print_running(u64 run, u64 ena)
711 {
712 	if (csv_output) {
713 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "%s%" PRIu64 "%s%.2f",
714 					csv_sep,
715 					run,
716 					csv_sep,
717 					ena ? 100.0 * run / ena : 100.0);
718 	} else if (run != ena) {
719 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "  (%.2f%%)", 100.0 * run / ena);
720 	}
721 }
722 
723 static void print_noise_pct(double total, double avg)
724 {
725 	double pct = rel_stddev_stats(total, avg);
726 
727 	if (csv_output)
728 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "%s%.2f%%", csv_sep, pct);
729 	else if (pct)
730 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "  ( +-%6.2f%% )", pct);
731 }
732 
733 static void print_noise(struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
734 {
735 	struct perf_stat_evsel *ps;
736 
737 	if (run_count == 1)
738 		return;
739 
740 	ps = evsel->priv;
741 	print_noise_pct(stddev_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]), avg);
742 }
743 
744 static void aggr_printout(struct perf_evsel *evsel, int id, int nr)
745 {
746 	switch (stat_config.aggr_mode) {
747 	case AGGR_CORE:
748 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "S%d-C%*d%s%*d%s",
749 			cpu_map__id_to_socket(id),
750 			csv_output ? 0 : -8,
751 			cpu_map__id_to_cpu(id),
752 			csv_sep,
753 			csv_output ? 0 : 4,
754 			nr,
755 			csv_sep);
756 		break;
757 	case AGGR_SOCKET:
758 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "S%*d%s%*d%s",
759 			csv_output ? 0 : -5,
760 			id,
761 			csv_sep,
762 			csv_output ? 0 : 4,
763 			nr,
764 			csv_sep);
765 			break;
766 	case AGGR_NONE:
767 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "CPU%*d%s",
768 			csv_output ? 0 : -4,
769 			perf_evsel__cpus(evsel)->map[id], csv_sep);
770 		break;
771 	case AGGR_THREAD:
772 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "%*s-%*d%s",
773 			csv_output ? 0 : 16,
774 			thread_map__comm(evsel->threads, id),
775 			csv_output ? 0 : -8,
776 			thread_map__pid(evsel->threads, id),
777 			csv_sep);
778 		break;
779 	case AGGR_GLOBAL:
780 	case AGGR_UNSET:
781 	default:
782 		break;
783 	}
784 }
785 
786 struct outstate {
787 	FILE *fh;
788 	bool newline;
789 	const char *prefix;
790 	int  nfields;
791 	int  id, nr;
792 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
793 };
794 
795 #define METRIC_LEN  35
796 
797 static void new_line_std(void *ctx)
798 {
799 	struct outstate *os = ctx;
800 
801 	os->newline = true;
802 }
803 
804 static void do_new_line_std(struct outstate *os)
805 {
806 	fputc('\n', os->fh);
807 	fputs(os->prefix, os->fh);
808 	aggr_printout(os->evsel, os->id, os->nr);
809 	if (stat_config.aggr_mode == AGGR_NONE)
810 		fprintf(os->fh, "        ");
811 	fprintf(os->fh, "                                                 ");
812 }
813 
814 static void print_metric_std(void *ctx, const char *color, const char *fmt,
815 			     const char *unit, double val)
816 {
817 	struct outstate *os = ctx;
818 	FILE *out = os->fh;
819 	int n;
820 	bool newline = os->newline;
821 
822 	os->newline = false;
823 
824 	if (unit == NULL || fmt == NULL) {
825 		fprintf(out, "%-*s", METRIC_LEN, "");
826 		return;
827 	}
828 
829 	if (newline)
830 		do_new_line_std(os);
831 
832 	n = fprintf(out, " # ");
833 	if (color)
834 		n += color_fprintf(out, color, fmt, val);
835 	else
836 		n += fprintf(out, fmt, val);
837 	fprintf(out, " %-*s", METRIC_LEN - n - 1, unit);
838 }
839 
840 static void new_line_csv(void *ctx)
841 {
842 	struct outstate *os = ctx;
843 	int i;
844 
845 	fputc('\n', os->fh);
846 	if (os->prefix)
847 		fprintf(os->fh, "%s%s", os->prefix, csv_sep);
848 	aggr_printout(os->evsel, os->id, os->nr);
849 	for (i = 0; i < os->nfields; i++)
850 		fputs(csv_sep, os->fh);
851 }
852 
853 static void print_metric_csv(void *ctx,
854 			     const char *color __maybe_unused,
855 			     const char *fmt, const char *unit, double val)
856 {
857 	struct outstate *os = ctx;
858 	FILE *out = os->fh;
859 	char buf[64], *vals, *ends;
860 
861 	if (unit == NULL || fmt == NULL) {
862 		fprintf(out, "%s%s%s%s", csv_sep, csv_sep, csv_sep, csv_sep);
863 		return;
864 	}
865 	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, val);
866 	vals = buf;
867 	while (isspace(*vals))
868 		vals++;
869 	ends = vals;
870 	while (isdigit(*ends) || *ends == '.')
871 		ends++;
872 	*ends = 0;
873 	while (isspace(*unit))
874 		unit++;
875 	fprintf(out, "%s%s%s%s", csv_sep, vals, csv_sep, unit);
876 }
877 
878 #define METRIC_ONLY_LEN 20
879 
880 /* Filter out some columns that don't work well in metrics only mode */
881 
882 static bool valid_only_metric(const char *unit)
883 {
884 	if (!unit)
885 		return false;
886 	if (strstr(unit, "/sec") ||
887 	    strstr(unit, "hz") ||
888 	    strstr(unit, "Hz") ||
889 	    strstr(unit, "CPUs utilized"))
890 		return false;
891 	return true;
892 }
893 
894 static const char *fixunit(char *buf, struct perf_evsel *evsel,
895 			   const char *unit)
896 {
897 	if (!strncmp(unit, "of all", 6)) {
898 		snprintf(buf, 1024, "%s %s", perf_evsel__name(evsel),
899 			 unit);
900 		return buf;
901 	}
902 	return unit;
903 }
904 
905 static void print_metric_only(void *ctx, const char *color, const char *fmt,
906 			      const char *unit, double val)
907 {
908 	struct outstate *os = ctx;
909 	FILE *out = os->fh;
910 	int n;
911 	char buf[1024];
912 	unsigned mlen = METRIC_ONLY_LEN;
913 
914 	if (!valid_only_metric(unit))
915 		return;
916 	unit = fixunit(buf, os->evsel, unit);
917 	if (color)
918 		n = color_fprintf(out, color, fmt, val);
919 	else
920 		n = fprintf(out, fmt, val);
921 	if (n > METRIC_ONLY_LEN)
922 		n = METRIC_ONLY_LEN;
923 	if (mlen < strlen(unit))
924 		mlen = strlen(unit) + 1;
925 	fprintf(out, "%*s", mlen - n, "");
926 }
927 
928 static void print_metric_only_csv(void *ctx, const char *color __maybe_unused,
929 				  const char *fmt,
930 				  const char *unit, double val)
931 {
932 	struct outstate *os = ctx;
933 	FILE *out = os->fh;
934 	char buf[64], *vals, *ends;
935 	char tbuf[1024];
936 
937 	if (!valid_only_metric(unit))
938 		return;
939 	unit = fixunit(tbuf, os->evsel, unit);
940 	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, fmt, val);
941 	vals = buf;
942 	while (isspace(*vals))
943 		vals++;
944 	ends = vals;
945 	while (isdigit(*ends) || *ends == '.')
946 		ends++;
947 	*ends = 0;
948 	fprintf(out, "%s%s", vals, csv_sep);
949 }
950 
951 static void new_line_metric(void *ctx __maybe_unused)
952 {
953 }
954 
955 static void print_metric_header(void *ctx, const char *color __maybe_unused,
956 				const char *fmt __maybe_unused,
957 				const char *unit, double val __maybe_unused)
958 {
959 	struct outstate *os = ctx;
960 	char tbuf[1024];
961 
962 	if (!valid_only_metric(unit))
963 		return;
964 	unit = fixunit(tbuf, os->evsel, unit);
965 	if (csv_output)
966 		fprintf(os->fh, "%s%s", unit, csv_sep);
967 	else
968 		fprintf(os->fh, "%-*s ", METRIC_ONLY_LEN, unit);
969 }
970 
971 static void nsec_printout(int id, int nr, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
972 {
973 	FILE *output = stat_config.output;
974 	double msecs = avg / 1e6;
975 	const char *fmt_v, *fmt_n;
976 	char name[25];
977 
978 	fmt_v = csv_output ? "%.6f%s" : "%18.6f%s";
979 	fmt_n = csv_output ? "%s" : "%-25s";
980 
981 	aggr_printout(evsel, id, nr);
982 
983 	scnprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%s",
984 		  perf_evsel__name(evsel), csv_output ? "" : " (msec)");
985 
986 	fprintf(output, fmt_v, msecs, csv_sep);
987 
988 	if (csv_output)
989 		fprintf(output, "%s%s", evsel->unit, csv_sep);
990 	else
991 		fprintf(output, "%-*s%s", unit_width, evsel->unit, csv_sep);
992 
993 	fprintf(output, fmt_n, name);
994 
995 	if (evsel->cgrp)
996 		fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);
997 }
998 
999 static int first_shadow_cpu(struct perf_evsel *evsel, int id)
1000 {
1001 	int i;
1002 
1003 	if (!aggr_get_id)
1004 		return 0;
1005 
1006 	if (stat_config.aggr_mode == AGGR_NONE)
1007 		return id;
1008 
1009 	if (stat_config.aggr_mode == AGGR_GLOBAL)
1010 		return 0;
1011 
1012 	for (i = 0; i < perf_evsel__nr_cpus(evsel); i++) {
1013 		int cpu2 = perf_evsel__cpus(evsel)->map[i];
1014 
1015 		if (aggr_get_id(evsel_list->cpus, cpu2) == id)
1016 			return cpu2;
1017 	}
1018 	return 0;
1019 }
1020 
1021 static void abs_printout(int id, int nr, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
1022 {
1023 	FILE *output = stat_config.output;
1024 	double sc =  evsel->scale;
1025 	const char *fmt;
1026 
1027 	if (csv_output) {
1028 		fmt = floor(sc) != sc ?  "%.2f%s" : "%.0f%s";
1029 	} else {
1030 		if (big_num)
1031 			fmt = floor(sc) != sc ? "%'18.2f%s" : "%'18.0f%s";
1032 		else
1033 			fmt = floor(sc) != sc ? "%18.2f%s" : "%18.0f%s";
1034 	}
1035 
1036 	aggr_printout(evsel, id, nr);
1037 
1038 	fprintf(output, fmt, avg, csv_sep);
1039 
1040 	if (evsel->unit)
1041 		fprintf(output, "%-*s%s",
1042 			csv_output ? 0 : unit_width,
1043 			evsel->unit, csv_sep);
1044 
1045 	fprintf(output, "%-*s", csv_output ? 0 : 25, perf_evsel__name(evsel));
1046 
1047 	if (evsel->cgrp)
1048 		fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);
1049 }
1050 
1051 static void printout(int id, int nr, struct perf_evsel *counter, double uval,
1052 		     char *prefix, u64 run, u64 ena, double noise)
1053 {
1054 	struct perf_stat_output_ctx out;
1055 	struct outstate os = {
1056 		.fh = stat_config.output,
1057 		.prefix = prefix ? prefix : "",
1058 		.id = id,
1059 		.nr = nr,
1060 		.evsel = counter,
1061 	};
1062 	print_metric_t pm = print_metric_std;
1063 	void (*nl)(void *);
1064 
1065 	if (metric_only) {
1066 		nl = new_line_metric;
1067 		if (csv_output)
1068 			pm = print_metric_only_csv;
1069 		else
1070 			pm = print_metric_only;
1071 	} else
1072 		nl = new_line_std;
1073 
1074 	if (csv_output && !metric_only) {
1075 		static int aggr_fields[] = {
1076 			[AGGR_GLOBAL] = 0,
1077 			[AGGR_THREAD] = 1,
1078 			[AGGR_NONE] = 1,
1079 			[AGGR_SOCKET] = 2,
1080 			[AGGR_CORE] = 2,
1081 		};
1082 
1083 		pm = print_metric_csv;
1084 		nl = new_line_csv;
1085 		os.nfields = 3;
1086 		os.nfields += aggr_fields[stat_config.aggr_mode];
1087 		if (counter->cgrp)
1088 			os.nfields++;
1089 	}
1090 	if (run == 0 || ena == 0 || counter->counts->scaled == -1) {
1091 		if (metric_only) {
1092 			pm(&os, NULL, "", "", 0);
1093 			return;
1094 		}
1095 		aggr_printout(counter, id, nr);
1096 
1097 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "%*s%s",
1098 			csv_output ? 0 : 18,
1099 			counter->supported ? CNTR_NOT_COUNTED : CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED,
1100 			csv_sep);
1101 
1102 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "%-*s%s",
1103 			csv_output ? 0 : unit_width,
1104 			counter->unit, csv_sep);
1105 
1106 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "%*s",
1107 			csv_output ? 0 : -25,
1108 			perf_evsel__name(counter));
1109 
1110 		if (counter->cgrp)
1111 			fprintf(stat_config.output, "%s%s",
1112 				csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);
1113 
1114 		if (!csv_output)
1115 			pm(&os, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
1116 		print_noise(counter, noise);
1117 		print_running(run, ena);
1118 		if (csv_output)
1119 			pm(&os, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
1120 		return;
1121 	}
1122 
1123 	if (metric_only)
1124 		/* nothing */;
1125 	else if (nsec_counter(counter))
1126 		nsec_printout(id, nr, counter, uval);
1127 	else
1128 		abs_printout(id, nr, counter, uval);
1129 
1130 	out.print_metric = pm;
1131 	out.new_line = nl;
1132 	out.ctx = &os;
1133 
1134 	if (csv_output && !metric_only) {
1135 		print_noise(counter, noise);
1136 		print_running(run, ena);
1137 	}
1138 
1139 	perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(counter, uval,
1140 				first_shadow_cpu(counter, id),
1141 				&out);
1142 	if (!csv_output && !metric_only) {
1143 		print_noise(counter, noise);
1144 		print_running(run, ena);
1145 	}
1146 }
1147 
1148 static void aggr_update_shadow(void)
1149 {
1150 	int cpu, s2, id, s;
1151 	u64 val;
1152 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
1153 
1154 	for (s = 0; s < aggr_map->nr; s++) {
1155 		id = aggr_map->map[s];
1156 		evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
1157 			val = 0;
1158 			for (cpu = 0; cpu < perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter); cpu++) {
1159 				s2 = aggr_get_id(evsel_list->cpus, cpu);
1160 				if (s2 != id)
1161 					continue;
1162 				val += perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, 0)->val;
1163 			}
1164 			val = val * counter->scale;
1165 			perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(counter, &val,
1166 						       first_shadow_cpu(counter, id));
1167 		}
1168 	}
1169 }
1170 
1171 static void print_aggr(char *prefix)
1172 {
1173 	FILE *output = stat_config.output;
1174 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
1175 	int cpu, s, s2, id, nr;
1176 	double uval;
1177 	u64 ena, run, val;
1178 	bool first;
1179 
1180 	if (!(aggr_map || aggr_get_id))
1181 		return;
1182 
1183 	aggr_update_shadow();
1184 
1185 	/*
1186 	 * With metric_only everything is on a single line.
1187 	 * Without each counter has its own line.
1188 	 */
1189 	for (s = 0; s < aggr_map->nr; s++) {
1190 		if (prefix && metric_only)
1191 			fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);
1192 
1193 		id = aggr_map->map[s];
1194 		first = true;
1195 		evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
1196 			val = ena = run = 0;
1197 			nr = 0;
1198 			for (cpu = 0; cpu < perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter); cpu++) {
1199 				s2 = aggr_get_id(perf_evsel__cpus(counter), cpu);
1200 				if (s2 != id)
1201 					continue;
1202 				val += perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, 0)->val;
1203 				ena += perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, 0)->ena;
1204 				run += perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, 0)->run;
1205 				nr++;
1206 			}
1207 			if (first && metric_only) {
1208 				first = false;
1209 				aggr_printout(counter, id, nr);
1210 			}
1211 			if (prefix && !metric_only)
1212 				fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);
1213 
1214 			uval = val * counter->scale;
1215 			printout(id, nr, counter, uval, prefix, run, ena, 1.0);
1216 			if (!metric_only)
1217 				fputc('\n', output);
1218 		}
1219 		if (metric_only)
1220 			fputc('\n', output);
1221 	}
1222 }
1223 
1224 static void print_aggr_thread(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix)
1225 {
1226 	FILE *output = stat_config.output;
1227 	int nthreads = thread_map__nr(counter->threads);
1228 	int ncpus = cpu_map__nr(counter->cpus);
1229 	int cpu, thread;
1230 	double uval;
1231 
1232 	for (thread = 0; thread < nthreads; thread++) {
1233 		u64 ena = 0, run = 0, val = 0;
1234 
1235 		for (cpu = 0; cpu < ncpus; cpu++) {
1236 			val += perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, thread)->val;
1237 			ena += perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, thread)->ena;
1238 			run += perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, thread)->run;
1239 		}
1240 
1241 		if (prefix)
1242 			fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);
1243 
1244 		uval = val * counter->scale;
1245 		printout(thread, 0, counter, uval, prefix, run, ena, 1.0);
1246 		fputc('\n', output);
1247 	}
1248 }
1249 
1250 /*
1251  * Print out the results of a single counter:
1252  * aggregated counts in system-wide mode
1253  */
1254 static void print_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix)
1255 {
1256 	FILE *output = stat_config.output;
1257 	struct perf_stat_evsel *ps = counter->priv;
1258 	double avg = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]);
1259 	double uval;
1260 	double avg_enabled, avg_running;
1261 
1262 	avg_enabled = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[1]);
1263 	avg_running = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[2]);
1264 
1265 	if (prefix && !metric_only)
1266 		fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);
1267 
1268 	uval = avg * counter->scale;
1269 	printout(-1, 0, counter, uval, prefix, avg_running, avg_enabled, avg);
1270 	if (!metric_only)
1271 		fprintf(output, "\n");
1272 }
1273 
1274 /*
1275  * Print out the results of a single counter:
1276  * does not use aggregated count in system-wide
1277  */
1278 static void print_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix)
1279 {
1280 	FILE *output = stat_config.output;
1281 	u64 ena, run, val;
1282 	double uval;
1283 	int cpu;
1284 
1285 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter); cpu++) {
1286 		val = perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, 0)->val;
1287 		ena = perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, 0)->ena;
1288 		run = perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, 0)->run;
1289 
1290 		if (prefix)
1291 			fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);
1292 
1293 		uval = val * counter->scale;
1294 		printout(cpu, 0, counter, uval, prefix, run, ena, 1.0);
1295 
1296 		fputc('\n', output);
1297 	}
1298 }
1299 
1300 static void print_no_aggr_metric(char *prefix)
1301 {
1302 	int cpu;
1303 	int nrcpus = 0;
1304 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
1305 	u64 ena, run, val;
1306 	double uval;
1307 
1308 	nrcpus = evsel_list->cpus->nr;
1309 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < nrcpus; cpu++) {
1310 		bool first = true;
1311 
1312 		if (prefix)
1313 			fputs(prefix, stat_config.output);
1314 		evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
1315 			if (first) {
1316 				aggr_printout(counter, cpu, 0);
1317 				first = false;
1318 			}
1319 			val = perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, 0)->val;
1320 			ena = perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, 0)->ena;
1321 			run = perf_counts(counter->counts, cpu, 0)->run;
1322 
1323 			uval = val * counter->scale;
1324 			printout(cpu, 0, counter, uval, prefix, run, ena, 1.0);
1325 		}
1326 		fputc('\n', stat_config.output);
1327 	}
1328 }
1329 
1330 static int aggr_header_lens[] = {
1331 	[AGGR_CORE] = 18,
1332 	[AGGR_SOCKET] = 12,
1333 	[AGGR_NONE] = 6,
1334 	[AGGR_THREAD] = 24,
1335 	[AGGR_GLOBAL] = 0,
1336 };
1337 
1338 static const char *aggr_header_csv[] = {
1339 	[AGGR_CORE] 	= 	"core,cpus,",
1340 	[AGGR_SOCKET] 	= 	"socket,cpus",
1341 	[AGGR_NONE] 	= 	"cpu,",
1342 	[AGGR_THREAD] 	= 	"comm-pid,",
1343 	[AGGR_GLOBAL] 	=	""
1344 };
1345 
1346 static void print_metric_headers(const char *prefix, bool no_indent)
1347 {
1348 	struct perf_stat_output_ctx out;
1349 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
1350 	struct outstate os = {
1351 		.fh = stat_config.output
1352 	};
1353 
1354 	if (prefix)
1355 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "%s", prefix);
1356 
1357 	if (!csv_output && !no_indent)
1358 		fprintf(stat_config.output, "%*s",
1359 			aggr_header_lens[stat_config.aggr_mode], "");
1360 	if (csv_output) {
1361 		if (stat_config.interval)
1362 			fputs("time,", stat_config.output);
1363 		fputs(aggr_header_csv[stat_config.aggr_mode],
1364 			stat_config.output);
1365 	}
1366 
1367 	/* Print metrics headers only */
1368 	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
1369 		os.evsel = counter;
1370 		out.ctx = &os;
1371 		out.print_metric = print_metric_header;
1372 		out.new_line = new_line_metric;
1373 		os.evsel = counter;
1374 		perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(counter, 0,
1375 					      0,
1376 					      &out);
1377 	}
1378 	fputc('\n', stat_config.output);
1379 }
1380 
1381 static void print_interval(char *prefix, struct timespec *ts)
1382 {
1383 	FILE *output = stat_config.output;
1384 	static int num_print_interval;
1385 
1386 	sprintf(prefix, "%6lu.%09lu%s", ts->tv_sec, ts->tv_nsec, csv_sep);
1387 
1388 	if (num_print_interval == 0 && !csv_output) {
1389 		switch (stat_config.aggr_mode) {
1390 		case AGGR_SOCKET:
1391 			fprintf(output, "#           time socket cpus");
1392 			if (!metric_only)
1393 				fprintf(output, "             counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
1394 			break;
1395 		case AGGR_CORE:
1396 			fprintf(output, "#           time core         cpus");
1397 			if (!metric_only)
1398 				fprintf(output, "             counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
1399 			break;
1400 		case AGGR_NONE:
1401 			fprintf(output, "#           time CPU");
1402 			if (!metric_only)
1403 				fprintf(output, "                counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
1404 			break;
1405 		case AGGR_THREAD:
1406 			fprintf(output, "#           time             comm-pid");
1407 			if (!metric_only)
1408 				fprintf(output, "                  counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
1409 			break;
1410 		case AGGR_GLOBAL:
1411 		default:
1412 			fprintf(output, "#           time");
1413 			if (!metric_only)
1414 				fprintf(output, "             counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
1415 		case AGGR_UNSET:
1416 			break;
1417 		}
1418 	}
1419 
1420 	if (num_print_interval == 0 && metric_only)
1421 		print_metric_headers(" ", true);
1422 	if (++num_print_interval == 25)
1423 		num_print_interval = 0;
1424 }
1425 
1426 static void print_header(int argc, const char **argv)
1427 {
1428 	FILE *output = stat_config.output;
1429 	int i;
1430 
1431 	fflush(stdout);
1432 
1433 	if (!csv_output) {
1434 		fprintf(output, "\n");
1435 		fprintf(output, " Performance counter stats for ");
1436 		if (target.system_wide)
1437 			fprintf(output, "\'system wide");
1438 		else if (target.cpu_list)
1439 			fprintf(output, "\'CPU(s) %s", target.cpu_list);
1440 		else if (!target__has_task(&target)) {
1441 			fprintf(output, "\'%s", argv ? argv[0] : "pipe");
1442 			for (i = 1; argv && (i < argc); i++)
1443 				fprintf(output, " %s", argv[i]);
1444 		} else if (target.pid)
1445 			fprintf(output, "process id \'%s", target.pid);
1446 		else
1447 			fprintf(output, "thread id \'%s", target.tid);
1448 
1449 		fprintf(output, "\'");
1450 		if (run_count > 1)
1451 			fprintf(output, " (%d runs)", run_count);
1452 		fprintf(output, ":\n\n");
1453 	}
1454 }
1455 
1456 static void print_footer(void)
1457 {
1458 	FILE *output = stat_config.output;
1459 
1460 	if (!null_run)
1461 		fprintf(output, "\n");
1462 	fprintf(output, " %17.9f seconds time elapsed",
1463 			avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)/1e9);
1464 	if (run_count > 1) {
1465 		fprintf(output, "                                        ");
1466 		print_noise_pct(stddev_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats),
1467 				avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
1468 	}
1469 	fprintf(output, "\n\n");
1470 }
1471 
1472 static void print_counters(struct timespec *ts, int argc, const char **argv)
1473 {
1474 	int interval = stat_config.interval;
1475 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
1476 	char buf[64], *prefix = NULL;
1477 
1478 	/* Do not print anything if we record to the pipe. */
1479 	if (STAT_RECORD && perf_stat.file.is_pipe)
1480 		return;
1481 
1482 	if (interval)
1483 		print_interval(prefix = buf, ts);
1484 	else
1485 		print_header(argc, argv);
1486 
1487 	if (metric_only) {
1488 		static int num_print_iv;
1489 
1490 		if (num_print_iv == 0 && !interval)
1491 			print_metric_headers(prefix, false);
1492 		if (num_print_iv++ == 25)
1493 			num_print_iv = 0;
1494 		if (stat_config.aggr_mode == AGGR_GLOBAL && prefix)
1495 			fprintf(stat_config.output, "%s", prefix);
1496 	}
1497 
1498 	switch (stat_config.aggr_mode) {
1499 	case AGGR_CORE:
1500 	case AGGR_SOCKET:
1501 		print_aggr(prefix);
1502 		break;
1503 	case AGGR_THREAD:
1504 		evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter)
1505 			print_aggr_thread(counter, prefix);
1506 		break;
1507 	case AGGR_GLOBAL:
1508 		evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter)
1509 			print_counter_aggr(counter, prefix);
1510 		if (metric_only)
1511 			fputc('\n', stat_config.output);
1512 		break;
1513 	case AGGR_NONE:
1514 		if (metric_only)
1515 			print_no_aggr_metric(prefix);
1516 		else {
1517 			evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter)
1518 				print_counter(counter, prefix);
1519 		}
1520 		break;
1521 	case AGGR_UNSET:
1522 	default:
1523 		break;
1524 	}
1525 
1526 	if (!interval && !csv_output)
1527 		print_footer();
1528 
1529 	fflush(stat_config.output);
1530 }
1531 
1532 static volatile int signr = -1;
1533 
1534 static void skip_signal(int signo)
1535 {
1536 	if ((child_pid == -1) || stat_config.interval)
1537 		done = 1;
1538 
1539 	signr = signo;
1540 	/*
1541 	 * render child_pid harmless
1542 	 * won't send SIGTERM to a random
1543 	 * process in case of race condition
1544 	 * and fast PID recycling
1545 	 */
1546 	child_pid = -1;
1547 }
1548 
1549 static void sig_atexit(void)
1550 {
1551 	sigset_t set, oset;
1552 
1553 	/*
1554 	 * avoid race condition with SIGCHLD handler
1555 	 * in skip_signal() which is modifying child_pid
1556 	 * goal is to avoid send SIGTERM to a random
1557 	 * process
1558 	 */
1559 	sigemptyset(&set);
1560 	sigaddset(&set, SIGCHLD);
1561 	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, &oset);
1562 
1563 	if (child_pid != -1)
1564 		kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
1565 
1566 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oset, NULL);
1567 
1568 	if (signr == -1)
1569 		return;
1570 
1571 	signal(signr, SIG_DFL);
1572 	kill(getpid(), signr);
1573 }
1574 
1575 static int stat__set_big_num(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1576 			     const char *s __maybe_unused, int unset)
1577 {
1578 	big_num_opt = unset ? 0 : 1;
1579 	return 0;
1580 }
1581 
1582 static int enable_metric_only(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1583 			      const char *s __maybe_unused, int unset)
1584 {
1585 	force_metric_only = true;
1586 	metric_only = !unset;
1587 	return 0;
1588 }
1589 
1590 static const struct option stat_options[] = {
1591 	OPT_BOOLEAN('T', "transaction", &transaction_run,
1592 		    "hardware transaction statistics"),
1593 	OPT_CALLBACK('e', "event", &evsel_list, "event",
1594 		     "event selector. use 'perf list' to list available events",
1595 		     parse_events_option),
1596 	OPT_CALLBACK(0, "filter", &evsel_list, "filter",
1597 		     "event filter", parse_filter),
1598 	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "no-inherit", &no_inherit,
1599 		    "child tasks do not inherit counters"),
1600 	OPT_STRING('p', "pid", &target.pid, "pid",
1601 		   "stat events on existing process id"),
1602 	OPT_STRING('t', "tid", &target.tid, "tid",
1603 		   "stat events on existing thread id"),
1604 	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all-cpus", &target.system_wide,
1605 		    "system-wide collection from all CPUs"),
1606 	OPT_BOOLEAN('g', "group", &group,
1607 		    "put the counters into a counter group"),
1608 	OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "scale", &stat_config.scale, "scale/normalize counters"),
1609 	OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
1610 		    "be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc)"),
1611 	OPT_INTEGER('r', "repeat", &run_count,
1612 		    "repeat command and print average + stddev (max: 100, forever: 0)"),
1613 	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "null", &null_run,
1614 		    "null run - dont start any counters"),
1615 	OPT_INCR('d', "detailed", &detailed_run,
1616 		    "detailed run - start a lot of events"),
1617 	OPT_BOOLEAN('S', "sync", &sync_run,
1618 		    "call sync() before starting a run"),
1619 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT('B', "big-num", NULL, NULL,
1620 			   "print large numbers with thousands\' separators",
1621 			   stat__set_big_num),
1622 	OPT_STRING('C', "cpu", &target.cpu_list, "cpu",
1623 		    "list of cpus to monitor in system-wide"),
1624 	OPT_SET_UINT('A', "no-aggr", &stat_config.aggr_mode,
1625 		    "disable CPU count aggregation", AGGR_NONE),
1626 	OPT_STRING('x', "field-separator", &csv_sep, "separator",
1627 		   "print counts with custom separator"),
1628 	OPT_CALLBACK('G', "cgroup", &evsel_list, "name",
1629 		     "monitor event in cgroup name only", parse_cgroups),
1630 	OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output_name, "file", "output file name"),
1631 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "append", &append_file, "append to the output file"),
1632 	OPT_INTEGER(0, "log-fd", &output_fd,
1633 		    "log output to fd, instead of stderr"),
1634 	OPT_STRING(0, "pre", &pre_cmd, "command",
1635 			"command to run prior to the measured command"),
1636 	OPT_STRING(0, "post", &post_cmd, "command",
1637 			"command to run after to the measured command"),
1638 	OPT_UINTEGER('I', "interval-print", &stat_config.interval,
1639 		    "print counts at regular interval in ms (>= 10)"),
1640 	OPT_SET_UINT(0, "per-socket", &stat_config.aggr_mode,
1641 		     "aggregate counts per processor socket", AGGR_SOCKET),
1642 	OPT_SET_UINT(0, "per-core", &stat_config.aggr_mode,
1643 		     "aggregate counts per physical processor core", AGGR_CORE),
1644 	OPT_SET_UINT(0, "per-thread", &stat_config.aggr_mode,
1645 		     "aggregate counts per thread", AGGR_THREAD),
1646 	OPT_UINTEGER('D', "delay", &initial_delay,
1647 		     "ms to wait before starting measurement after program start"),
1648 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "metric-only", &metric_only, NULL,
1649 			"Only print computed metrics. No raw values", enable_metric_only),
1650 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "topdown", &topdown_run,
1651 			"measure topdown level 1 statistics"),
1652 	OPT_END()
1653 };
1654 
1655 static int perf_stat__get_socket(struct cpu_map *map, int cpu)
1656 {
1657 	return cpu_map__get_socket(map, cpu, NULL);
1658 }
1659 
1660 static int perf_stat__get_core(struct cpu_map *map, int cpu)
1661 {
1662 	return cpu_map__get_core(map, cpu, NULL);
1663 }
1664 
1665 static int cpu_map__get_max(struct cpu_map *map)
1666 {
1667 	int i, max = -1;
1668 
1669 	for (i = 0; i < map->nr; i++) {
1670 		if (map->map[i] > max)
1671 			max = map->map[i];
1672 	}
1673 
1674 	return max;
1675 }
1676 
1677 static struct cpu_map *cpus_aggr_map;
1678 
1679 static int perf_stat__get_aggr(aggr_get_id_t get_id, struct cpu_map *map, int idx)
1680 {
1681 	int cpu;
1682 
1683 	if (idx >= map->nr)
1684 		return -1;
1685 
1686 	cpu = map->map[idx];
1687 
1688 	if (cpus_aggr_map->map[cpu] == -1)
1689 		cpus_aggr_map->map[cpu] = get_id(map, idx);
1690 
1691 	return cpus_aggr_map->map[cpu];
1692 }
1693 
1694 static int perf_stat__get_socket_cached(struct cpu_map *map, int idx)
1695 {
1696 	return perf_stat__get_aggr(perf_stat__get_socket, map, idx);
1697 }
1698 
1699 static int perf_stat__get_core_cached(struct cpu_map *map, int idx)
1700 {
1701 	return perf_stat__get_aggr(perf_stat__get_core, map, idx);
1702 }
1703 
1704 static int perf_stat_init_aggr_mode(void)
1705 {
1706 	int nr;
1707 
1708 	switch (stat_config.aggr_mode) {
1709 	case AGGR_SOCKET:
1710 		if (cpu_map__build_socket_map(evsel_list->cpus, &aggr_map)) {
1711 			perror("cannot build socket map");
1712 			return -1;
1713 		}
1714 		aggr_get_id = perf_stat__get_socket_cached;
1715 		break;
1716 	case AGGR_CORE:
1717 		if (cpu_map__build_core_map(evsel_list->cpus, &aggr_map)) {
1718 			perror("cannot build core map");
1719 			return -1;
1720 		}
1721 		aggr_get_id = perf_stat__get_core_cached;
1722 		break;
1723 	case AGGR_NONE:
1724 	case AGGR_GLOBAL:
1725 	case AGGR_THREAD:
1726 	case AGGR_UNSET:
1727 	default:
1728 		break;
1729 	}
1730 
1731 	/*
1732 	 * The evsel_list->cpus is the base we operate on,
1733 	 * taking the highest cpu number to be the size of
1734 	 * the aggregation translate cpumap.
1735 	 */
1736 	nr = cpu_map__get_max(evsel_list->cpus);
1737 	cpus_aggr_map = cpu_map__empty_new(nr + 1);
1738 	return cpus_aggr_map ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
1739 }
1740 
1741 static void perf_stat__exit_aggr_mode(void)
1742 {
1743 	cpu_map__put(aggr_map);
1744 	cpu_map__put(cpus_aggr_map);
1745 	aggr_map = NULL;
1746 	cpus_aggr_map = NULL;
1747 }
1748 
1749 static inline int perf_env__get_cpu(struct perf_env *env, struct cpu_map *map, int idx)
1750 {
1751 	int cpu;
1752 
1753 	if (idx > map->nr)
1754 		return -1;
1755 
1756 	cpu = map->map[idx];
1757 
1758 	if (cpu >= env->nr_cpus_online)
1759 		return -1;
1760 
1761 	return cpu;
1762 }
1763 
1764 static int perf_env__get_socket(struct cpu_map *map, int idx, void *data)
1765 {
1766 	struct perf_env *env = data;
1767 	int cpu = perf_env__get_cpu(env, map, idx);
1768 
1769 	return cpu == -1 ? -1 : env->cpu[cpu].socket_id;
1770 }
1771 
1772 static int perf_env__get_core(struct cpu_map *map, int idx, void *data)
1773 {
1774 	struct perf_env *env = data;
1775 	int core = -1, cpu = perf_env__get_cpu(env, map, idx);
1776 
1777 	if (cpu != -1) {
1778 		int socket_id = env->cpu[cpu].socket_id;
1779 
1780 		/*
1781 		 * Encode socket in upper 16 bits
1782 		 * core_id is relative to socket, and
1783 		 * we need a global id. So we combine
1784 		 * socket + core id.
1785 		 */
1786 		core = (socket_id << 16) | (env->cpu[cpu].core_id & 0xffff);
1787 	}
1788 
1789 	return core;
1790 }
1791 
1792 static int perf_env__build_socket_map(struct perf_env *env, struct cpu_map *cpus,
1793 				      struct cpu_map **sockp)
1794 {
1795 	return cpu_map__build_map(cpus, sockp, perf_env__get_socket, env);
1796 }
1797 
1798 static int perf_env__build_core_map(struct perf_env *env, struct cpu_map *cpus,
1799 				    struct cpu_map **corep)
1800 {
1801 	return cpu_map__build_map(cpus, corep, perf_env__get_core, env);
1802 }
1803 
1804 static int perf_stat__get_socket_file(struct cpu_map *map, int idx)
1805 {
1806 	return perf_env__get_socket(map, idx, &perf_stat.session->header.env);
1807 }
1808 
1809 static int perf_stat__get_core_file(struct cpu_map *map, int idx)
1810 {
1811 	return perf_env__get_core(map, idx, &perf_stat.session->header.env);
1812 }
1813 
1814 static int perf_stat_init_aggr_mode_file(struct perf_stat *st)
1815 {
1816 	struct perf_env *env = &st->session->header.env;
1817 
1818 	switch (stat_config.aggr_mode) {
1819 	case AGGR_SOCKET:
1820 		if (perf_env__build_socket_map(env, evsel_list->cpus, &aggr_map)) {
1821 			perror("cannot build socket map");
1822 			return -1;
1823 		}
1824 		aggr_get_id = perf_stat__get_socket_file;
1825 		break;
1826 	case AGGR_CORE:
1827 		if (perf_env__build_core_map(env, evsel_list->cpus, &aggr_map)) {
1828 			perror("cannot build core map");
1829 			return -1;
1830 		}
1831 		aggr_get_id = perf_stat__get_core_file;
1832 		break;
1833 	case AGGR_NONE:
1834 	case AGGR_GLOBAL:
1835 	case AGGR_THREAD:
1836 	case AGGR_UNSET:
1837 	default:
1838 		break;
1839 	}
1840 
1841 	return 0;
1842 }
1843 
1844 static int topdown_filter_events(const char **attr, char **str, bool use_group)
1845 {
1846 	int off = 0;
1847 	int i;
1848 	int len = 0;
1849 	char *s;
1850 
1851 	for (i = 0; attr[i]; i++) {
1852 		if (pmu_have_event("cpu", attr[i])) {
1853 			len += strlen(attr[i]) + 1;
1854 			attr[i - off] = attr[i];
1855 		} else
1856 			off++;
1857 	}
1858 	attr[i - off] = NULL;
1859 
1860 	*str = malloc(len + 1 + 2);
1861 	if (!*str)
1862 		return -1;
1863 	s = *str;
1864 	if (i - off == 0) {
1865 		*s = 0;
1866 		return 0;
1867 	}
1868 	if (use_group)
1869 		*s++ = '{';
1870 	for (i = 0; attr[i]; i++) {
1871 		strcpy(s, attr[i]);
1872 		s += strlen(s);
1873 		*s++ = ',';
1874 	}
1875 	if (use_group) {
1876 		s[-1] = '}';
1877 		*s = 0;
1878 	} else
1879 		s[-1] = 0;
1880 	return 0;
1881 }
1882 
1883 __weak bool arch_topdown_check_group(bool *warn)
1884 {
1885 	*warn = false;
1886 	return false;
1887 }
1888 
1889 __weak void arch_topdown_group_warn(void)
1890 {
1891 }
1892 
1893 /*
1894  * Add default attributes, if there were no attributes specified or
1895  * if -d/--detailed, -d -d or -d -d -d is used:
1896  */
1897 static int add_default_attributes(void)
1898 {
1899 	int err;
1900 	struct perf_event_attr default_attrs0[] = {
1901 
1902   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK		},
1903   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES	},
1904   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS		},
1905   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS		},
1906 
1907   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES		},
1908 };
1909 	struct perf_event_attr frontend_attrs[] = {
1910   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND	},
1911 };
1912 	struct perf_event_attr backend_attrs[] = {
1913   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND	},
1914 };
1915 	struct perf_event_attr default_attrs1[] = {
1916   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS		},
1917   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS	},
1918   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES		},
1919 
1920 };
1921 
1922 /*
1923  * Detailed stats (-d), covering the L1 and last level data caches:
1924  */
1925 	struct perf_event_attr detailed_attrs[] = {
1926 
1927   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1928     .config =
1929 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
1930 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1931 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1932 
1933   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1934     .config =
1935 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
1936 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1937 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1938 
1939   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1940     .config =
1941 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL			<<  0  |
1942 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1943 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1944 
1945   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1946     .config =
1947 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL			<<  0  |
1948 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1949 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1950 };
1951 
1952 /*
1953  * Very detailed stats (-d -d), covering the instruction cache and the TLB caches:
1954  */
1955 	struct perf_event_attr very_detailed_attrs[] = {
1956 
1957   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1958     .config =
1959 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I		<<  0  |
1960 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1961 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1962 
1963   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1964     .config =
1965 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I		<<  0  |
1966 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1967 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1968 
1969   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1970     .config =
1971 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB		<<  0  |
1972 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1973 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1974 
1975   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1976     .config =
1977 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB		<<  0  |
1978 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1979 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1980 
1981   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1982     .config =
1983 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB		<<  0  |
1984 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1985 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1986 
1987   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1988     .config =
1989 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB		<<  0  |
1990 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1991 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1992 
1993 };
1994 
1995 /*
1996  * Very, very detailed stats (-d -d -d), adding prefetch events:
1997  */
1998 	struct perf_event_attr very_very_detailed_attrs[] = {
1999 
2000   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
2001     .config =
2002 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
2003 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH	<<  8) |
2004 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
2005 
2006   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
2007     .config =
2008 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
2009 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH	<<  8) |
2010 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
2011 };
2012 
2013 	/* Set attrs if no event is selected and !null_run: */
2014 	if (null_run)
2015 		return 0;
2016 
2017 	if (transaction_run) {
2018 		if (pmu_have_event("cpu", "cycles-ct") &&
2019 		    pmu_have_event("cpu", "el-start"))
2020 			err = parse_events(evsel_list, transaction_attrs, NULL);
2021 		else
2022 			err = parse_events(evsel_list, transaction_limited_attrs, NULL);
2023 		if (err) {
2024 			fprintf(stderr, "Cannot set up transaction events\n");
2025 			return -1;
2026 		}
2027 		return 0;
2028 	}
2029 
2030 	if (topdown_run) {
2031 		char *str = NULL;
2032 		bool warn = false;
2033 
2034 		if (stat_config.aggr_mode != AGGR_GLOBAL &&
2035 		    stat_config.aggr_mode != AGGR_CORE) {
2036 			pr_err("top down event configuration requires --per-core mode\n");
2037 			return -1;
2038 		}
2039 		stat_config.aggr_mode = AGGR_CORE;
2040 		if (nr_cgroups || !target__has_cpu(&target)) {
2041 			pr_err("top down event configuration requires system-wide mode (-a)\n");
2042 			return -1;
2043 		}
2044 
2045 		if (!force_metric_only)
2046 			metric_only = true;
2047 		if (topdown_filter_events(topdown_attrs, &str,
2048 				arch_topdown_check_group(&warn)) < 0) {
2049 			pr_err("Out of memory\n");
2050 			return -1;
2051 		}
2052 		if (topdown_attrs[0] && str) {
2053 			if (warn)
2054 				arch_topdown_group_warn();
2055 			err = parse_events(evsel_list, str, NULL);
2056 			if (err) {
2057 				fprintf(stderr,
2058 					"Cannot set up top down events %s: %d\n",
2059 					str, err);
2060 				free(str);
2061 				return -1;
2062 			}
2063 		} else {
2064 			fprintf(stderr, "System does not support topdown\n");
2065 			return -1;
2066 		}
2067 		free(str);
2068 	}
2069 
2070 	if (!evsel_list->nr_entries) {
2071 		if (target__has_cpu(&target))
2072 			default_attrs0[0].config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_CLOCK;
2073 
2074 		if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, default_attrs0) < 0)
2075 			return -1;
2076 		if (pmu_have_event("cpu", "stalled-cycles-frontend")) {
2077 			if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list,
2078 						frontend_attrs) < 0)
2079 				return -1;
2080 		}
2081 		if (pmu_have_event("cpu", "stalled-cycles-backend")) {
2082 			if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list,
2083 						backend_attrs) < 0)
2084 				return -1;
2085 		}
2086 		if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, default_attrs1) < 0)
2087 			return -1;
2088 	}
2089 
2090 	/* Detailed events get appended to the event list: */
2091 
2092 	if (detailed_run <  1)
2093 		return 0;
2094 
2095 	/* Append detailed run extra attributes: */
2096 	if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, detailed_attrs) < 0)
2097 		return -1;
2098 
2099 	if (detailed_run < 2)
2100 		return 0;
2101 
2102 	/* Append very detailed run extra attributes: */
2103 	if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, very_detailed_attrs) < 0)
2104 		return -1;
2105 
2106 	if (detailed_run < 3)
2107 		return 0;
2108 
2109 	/* Append very, very detailed run extra attributes: */
2110 	return perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, very_very_detailed_attrs);
2111 }
2112 
2113 static const char * const stat_record_usage[] = {
2114 	"perf stat record [<options>]",
2115 	NULL,
2116 };
2117 
2118 static void init_features(struct perf_session *session)
2119 {
2120 	int feat;
2121 
2122 	for (feat = HEADER_FIRST_FEATURE; feat < HEADER_LAST_FEATURE; feat++)
2123 		perf_header__set_feat(&session->header, feat);
2124 
2125 	perf_header__clear_feat(&session->header, HEADER_BUILD_ID);
2126 	perf_header__clear_feat(&session->header, HEADER_TRACING_DATA);
2127 	perf_header__clear_feat(&session->header, HEADER_BRANCH_STACK);
2128 	perf_header__clear_feat(&session->header, HEADER_AUXTRACE);
2129 }
2130 
2131 static int __cmd_record(int argc, const char **argv)
2132 {
2133 	struct perf_session *session;
2134 	struct perf_data_file *file = &perf_stat.file;
2135 
2136 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, stat_options, stat_record_usage,
2137 			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
2138 
2139 	if (output_name)
2140 		file->path = output_name;
2141 
2142 	if (run_count != 1 || forever) {
2143 		pr_err("Cannot use -r option with perf stat record.\n");
2144 		return -1;
2145 	}
2146 
2147 	session = perf_session__new(file, false, NULL);
2148 	if (session == NULL) {
2149 		pr_err("Perf session creation failed.\n");
2150 		return -1;
2151 	}
2152 
2153 	init_features(session);
2154 
2155 	session->evlist   = evsel_list;
2156 	perf_stat.session = session;
2157 	perf_stat.record  = true;
2158 	return argc;
2159 }
2160 
2161 static int process_stat_round_event(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
2162 				    union perf_event *event,
2163 				    struct perf_session *session)
2164 {
2165 	struct stat_round_event *stat_round = &event->stat_round;
2166 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
2167 	struct timespec tsh, *ts = NULL;
2168 	const char **argv = session->header.env.cmdline_argv;
2169 	int argc = session->header.env.nr_cmdline;
2170 
2171 	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter)
2172 		perf_stat_process_counter(&stat_config, counter);
2173 
2174 	if (stat_round->type == PERF_STAT_ROUND_TYPE__FINAL)
2175 		update_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats, stat_round->time);
2176 
2177 	if (stat_config.interval && stat_round->time) {
2178 		tsh.tv_sec  = stat_round->time / NSECS_PER_SEC;
2179 		tsh.tv_nsec = stat_round->time % NSECS_PER_SEC;
2180 		ts = &tsh;
2181 	}
2182 
2183 	print_counters(ts, argc, argv);
2184 	return 0;
2185 }
2186 
2187 static
2188 int process_stat_config_event(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
2189 			      union perf_event *event,
2190 			      struct perf_session *session __maybe_unused)
2191 {
2192 	struct perf_stat *st = container_of(tool, struct perf_stat, tool);
2193 
2194 	perf_event__read_stat_config(&stat_config, &event->stat_config);
2195 
2196 	if (cpu_map__empty(st->cpus)) {
2197 		if (st->aggr_mode != AGGR_UNSET)
2198 			pr_warning("warning: processing task data, aggregation mode not set\n");
2199 		return 0;
2200 	}
2201 
2202 	if (st->aggr_mode != AGGR_UNSET)
2203 		stat_config.aggr_mode = st->aggr_mode;
2204 
2205 	if (perf_stat.file.is_pipe)
2206 		perf_stat_init_aggr_mode();
2207 	else
2208 		perf_stat_init_aggr_mode_file(st);
2209 
2210 	return 0;
2211 }
2212 
2213 static int set_maps(struct perf_stat *st)
2214 {
2215 	if (!st->cpus || !st->threads)
2216 		return 0;
2217 
2218 	if (WARN_ONCE(st->maps_allocated, "stats double allocation\n"))
2219 		return -EINVAL;
2220 
2221 	perf_evlist__set_maps(evsel_list, st->cpus, st->threads);
2222 
2223 	if (perf_evlist__alloc_stats(evsel_list, true))
2224 		return -ENOMEM;
2225 
2226 	st->maps_allocated = true;
2227 	return 0;
2228 }
2229 
2230 static
2231 int process_thread_map_event(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
2232 			     union perf_event *event,
2233 			     struct perf_session *session __maybe_unused)
2234 {
2235 	struct perf_stat *st = container_of(tool, struct perf_stat, tool);
2236 
2237 	if (st->threads) {
2238 		pr_warning("Extra thread map event, ignoring.\n");
2239 		return 0;
2240 	}
2241 
2242 	st->threads = thread_map__new_event(&event->thread_map);
2243 	if (!st->threads)
2244 		return -ENOMEM;
2245 
2246 	return set_maps(st);
2247 }
2248 
2249 static
2250 int process_cpu_map_event(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
2251 			  union perf_event *event,
2252 			  struct perf_session *session __maybe_unused)
2253 {
2254 	struct perf_stat *st = container_of(tool, struct perf_stat, tool);
2255 	struct cpu_map *cpus;
2256 
2257 	if (st->cpus) {
2258 		pr_warning("Extra cpu map event, ignoring.\n");
2259 		return 0;
2260 	}
2261 
2262 	cpus = cpu_map__new_data(&event->cpu_map.data);
2263 	if (!cpus)
2264 		return -ENOMEM;
2265 
2266 	st->cpus = cpus;
2267 	return set_maps(st);
2268 }
2269 
2270 static const char * const stat_report_usage[] = {
2271 	"perf stat report [<options>]",
2272 	NULL,
2273 };
2274 
2275 static struct perf_stat perf_stat = {
2276 	.tool = {
2277 		.attr		= perf_event__process_attr,
2278 		.event_update	= perf_event__process_event_update,
2279 		.thread_map	= process_thread_map_event,
2280 		.cpu_map	= process_cpu_map_event,
2281 		.stat_config	= process_stat_config_event,
2282 		.stat		= perf_event__process_stat_event,
2283 		.stat_round	= process_stat_round_event,
2284 	},
2285 	.aggr_mode = AGGR_UNSET,
2286 };
2287 
2288 static int __cmd_report(int argc, const char **argv)
2289 {
2290 	struct perf_session *session;
2291 	const struct option options[] = {
2292 	OPT_STRING('i', "input", &input_name, "file", "input file name"),
2293 	OPT_SET_UINT(0, "per-socket", &perf_stat.aggr_mode,
2294 		     "aggregate counts per processor socket", AGGR_SOCKET),
2295 	OPT_SET_UINT(0, "per-core", &perf_stat.aggr_mode,
2296 		     "aggregate counts per physical processor core", AGGR_CORE),
2297 	OPT_SET_UINT('A', "no-aggr", &perf_stat.aggr_mode,
2298 		     "disable CPU count aggregation", AGGR_NONE),
2299 	OPT_END()
2300 	};
2301 	struct stat st;
2302 	int ret;
2303 
2304 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, stat_report_usage, 0);
2305 
2306 	if (!input_name || !strlen(input_name)) {
2307 		if (!fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st) && S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode))
2308 			input_name = "-";
2309 		else
2310 			input_name = "perf.data";
2311 	}
2312 
2313 	perf_stat.file.path = input_name;
2314 	perf_stat.file.mode = PERF_DATA_MODE_READ;
2315 
2316 	session = perf_session__new(&perf_stat.file, false, &perf_stat.tool);
2317 	if (session == NULL)
2318 		return -1;
2319 
2320 	perf_stat.session  = session;
2321 	stat_config.output = stderr;
2322 	evsel_list         = session->evlist;
2323 
2324 	ret = perf_session__process_events(session);
2325 	if (ret)
2326 		return ret;
2327 
2328 	perf_session__delete(session);
2329 	return 0;
2330 }
2331 
2332 int cmd_stat(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __maybe_unused)
2333 {
2334 	const char * const stat_usage[] = {
2335 		"perf stat [<options>] [<command>]",
2336 		NULL
2337 	};
2338 	int status = -EINVAL, run_idx;
2339 	const char *mode;
2340 	FILE *output = stderr;
2341 	unsigned int interval;
2342 	const char * const stat_subcommands[] = { "record", "report" };
2343 
2344 	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
2345 
2346 	evsel_list = perf_evlist__new();
2347 	if (evsel_list == NULL)
2348 		return -ENOMEM;
2349 
2350 	parse_events__shrink_config_terms();
2351 	argc = parse_options_subcommand(argc, argv, stat_options, stat_subcommands,
2352 					(const char **) stat_usage,
2353 					PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
2354 	perf_stat__init_shadow_stats();
2355 
2356 	if (csv_sep) {
2357 		csv_output = true;
2358 		if (!strcmp(csv_sep, "\\t"))
2359 			csv_sep = "\t";
2360 	} else
2361 		csv_sep = DEFAULT_SEPARATOR;
2362 
2363 	if (argc && !strncmp(argv[0], "rec", 3)) {
2364 		argc = __cmd_record(argc, argv);
2365 		if (argc < 0)
2366 			return -1;
2367 	} else if (argc && !strncmp(argv[0], "rep", 3))
2368 		return __cmd_report(argc, argv);
2369 
2370 	interval = stat_config.interval;
2371 
2372 	/*
2373 	 * For record command the -o is already taken care of.
2374 	 */
2375 	if (!STAT_RECORD && output_name && strcmp(output_name, "-"))
2376 		output = NULL;
2377 
2378 	if (output_name && output_fd) {
2379 		fprintf(stderr, "cannot use both --output and --log-fd\n");
2380 		parse_options_usage(stat_usage, stat_options, "o", 1);
2381 		parse_options_usage(NULL, stat_options, "log-fd", 0);
2382 		goto out;
2383 	}
2384 
2385 	if (metric_only && stat_config.aggr_mode == AGGR_THREAD) {
2386 		fprintf(stderr, "--metric-only is not supported with --per-thread\n");
2387 		goto out;
2388 	}
2389 
2390 	if (metric_only && run_count > 1) {
2391 		fprintf(stderr, "--metric-only is not supported with -r\n");
2392 		goto out;
2393 	}
2394 
2395 	if (output_fd < 0) {
2396 		fprintf(stderr, "argument to --log-fd must be a > 0\n");
2397 		parse_options_usage(stat_usage, stat_options, "log-fd", 0);
2398 		goto out;
2399 	}
2400 
2401 	if (!output) {
2402 		struct timespec tm;
2403 		mode = append_file ? "a" : "w";
2404 
2405 		output = fopen(output_name, mode);
2406 		if (!output) {
2407 			perror("failed to create output file");
2408 			return -1;
2409 		}
2410 		clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tm);
2411 		fprintf(output, "# started on %s\n", ctime(&tm.tv_sec));
2412 	} else if (output_fd > 0) {
2413 		mode = append_file ? "a" : "w";
2414 		output = fdopen(output_fd, mode);
2415 		if (!output) {
2416 			perror("Failed opening logfd");
2417 			return -errno;
2418 		}
2419 	}
2420 
2421 	stat_config.output = output;
2422 
2423 	/*
2424 	 * let the spreadsheet do the pretty-printing
2425 	 */
2426 	if (csv_output) {
2427 		/* User explicitly passed -B? */
2428 		if (big_num_opt == 1) {
2429 			fprintf(stderr, "-B option not supported with -x\n");
2430 			parse_options_usage(stat_usage, stat_options, "B", 1);
2431 			parse_options_usage(NULL, stat_options, "x", 1);
2432 			goto out;
2433 		} else /* Nope, so disable big number formatting */
2434 			big_num = false;
2435 	} else if (big_num_opt == 0) /* User passed --no-big-num */
2436 		big_num = false;
2437 
2438 	if (!argc && target__none(&target))
2439 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, stat_options);
2440 
2441 	if (run_count < 0) {
2442 		pr_err("Run count must be a positive number\n");
2443 		parse_options_usage(stat_usage, stat_options, "r", 1);
2444 		goto out;
2445 	} else if (run_count == 0) {
2446 		forever = true;
2447 		run_count = 1;
2448 	}
2449 
2450 	if ((stat_config.aggr_mode == AGGR_THREAD) && !target__has_task(&target)) {
2451 		fprintf(stderr, "The --per-thread option is only available "
2452 			"when monitoring via -p -t options.\n");
2453 		parse_options_usage(NULL, stat_options, "p", 1);
2454 		parse_options_usage(NULL, stat_options, "t", 1);
2455 		goto out;
2456 	}
2457 
2458 	/*
2459 	 * no_aggr, cgroup are for system-wide only
2460 	 * --per-thread is aggregated per thread, we dont mix it with cpu mode
2461 	 */
2462 	if (((stat_config.aggr_mode != AGGR_GLOBAL &&
2463 	      stat_config.aggr_mode != AGGR_THREAD) || nr_cgroups) &&
2464 	    !target__has_cpu(&target)) {
2465 		fprintf(stderr, "both cgroup and no-aggregation "
2466 			"modes only available in system-wide mode\n");
2467 
2468 		parse_options_usage(stat_usage, stat_options, "G", 1);
2469 		parse_options_usage(NULL, stat_options, "A", 1);
2470 		parse_options_usage(NULL, stat_options, "a", 1);
2471 		goto out;
2472 	}
2473 
2474 	if (add_default_attributes())
2475 		goto out;
2476 
2477 	target__validate(&target);
2478 
2479 	if (perf_evlist__create_maps(evsel_list, &target) < 0) {
2480 		if (target__has_task(&target)) {
2481 			pr_err("Problems finding threads of monitor\n");
2482 			parse_options_usage(stat_usage, stat_options, "p", 1);
2483 			parse_options_usage(NULL, stat_options, "t", 1);
2484 		} else if (target__has_cpu(&target)) {
2485 			perror("failed to parse CPUs map");
2486 			parse_options_usage(stat_usage, stat_options, "C", 1);
2487 			parse_options_usage(NULL, stat_options, "a", 1);
2488 		}
2489 		goto out;
2490 	}
2491 
2492 	/*
2493 	 * Initialize thread_map with comm names,
2494 	 * so we could print it out on output.
2495 	 */
2496 	if (stat_config.aggr_mode == AGGR_THREAD)
2497 		thread_map__read_comms(evsel_list->threads);
2498 
2499 	if (interval && interval < 100) {
2500 		if (interval < 10) {
2501 			pr_err("print interval must be >= 10ms\n");
2502 			parse_options_usage(stat_usage, stat_options, "I", 1);
2503 			goto out;
2504 		} else
2505 			pr_warning("print interval < 100ms. "
2506 				   "The overhead percentage could be high in some cases. "
2507 				   "Please proceed with caution.\n");
2508 	}
2509 
2510 	if (perf_evlist__alloc_stats(evsel_list, interval))
2511 		goto out;
2512 
2513 	if (perf_stat_init_aggr_mode())
2514 		goto out;
2515 
2516 	/*
2517 	 * We dont want to block the signals - that would cause
2518 	 * child tasks to inherit that and Ctrl-C would not work.
2519 	 * What we want is for Ctrl-C to work in the exec()-ed
2520 	 * task, but being ignored by perf stat itself:
2521 	 */
2522 	atexit(sig_atexit);
2523 	if (!forever)
2524 		signal(SIGINT,  skip_signal);
2525 	signal(SIGCHLD, skip_signal);
2526 	signal(SIGALRM, skip_signal);
2527 	signal(SIGABRT, skip_signal);
2528 
2529 	status = 0;
2530 	for (run_idx = 0; forever || run_idx < run_count; run_idx++) {
2531 		if (run_count != 1 && verbose)
2532 			fprintf(output, "[ perf stat: executing run #%d ... ]\n",
2533 				run_idx + 1);
2534 
2535 		status = run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
2536 		if (forever && status != -1) {
2537 			print_counters(NULL, argc, argv);
2538 			perf_stat__reset_stats();
2539 		}
2540 	}
2541 
2542 	if (!forever && status != -1 && !interval)
2543 		print_counters(NULL, argc, argv);
2544 
2545 	if (STAT_RECORD) {
2546 		/*
2547 		 * We synthesize the kernel mmap record just so that older tools
2548 		 * don't emit warnings about not being able to resolve symbols
2549 		 * due to /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict settings and instear provide
2550 		 * a saner message about no samples being in the perf.data file.
2551 		 *
2552 		 * This also serves to suppress a warning about f_header.data.size == 0
2553 		 * in header.c at the moment 'perf stat record' gets introduced, which
2554 		 * is not really needed once we start adding the stat specific PERF_RECORD_
2555 		 * records, but the need to suppress the kptr_restrict messages in older
2556 		 * tools remain  -acme
2557 		 */
2558 		int fd = perf_data_file__fd(&perf_stat.file);
2559 		int err = perf_event__synthesize_kernel_mmap((void *)&perf_stat,
2560 							     process_synthesized_event,
2561 							     &perf_stat.session->machines.host);
2562 		if (err) {
2563 			pr_warning("Couldn't synthesize the kernel mmap record, harmless, "
2564 				   "older tools may produce warnings about this file\n.");
2565 		}
2566 
2567 		if (!interval) {
2568 			if (WRITE_STAT_ROUND_EVENT(walltime_nsecs_stats.max, FINAL))
2569 				pr_err("failed to write stat round event\n");
2570 		}
2571 
2572 		if (!perf_stat.file.is_pipe) {
2573 			perf_stat.session->header.data_size += perf_stat.bytes_written;
2574 			perf_session__write_header(perf_stat.session, evsel_list, fd, true);
2575 		}
2576 
2577 		perf_session__delete(perf_stat.session);
2578 	}
2579 
2580 	perf_stat__exit_aggr_mode();
2581 	perf_evlist__free_stats(evsel_list);
2582 out:
2583 	perf_evlist__delete(evsel_list);
2584 	return status;
2585 }
2586