xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/perf/builtin-kmem.c (revision bf3608f3)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include "builtin.h"
3 #include "perf.h"
4 
5 #include "util/dso.h"
6 #include "util/evlist.h"
7 #include "util/evsel.h"
8 #include "util/config.h"
9 #include "util/map.h"
10 #include "util/symbol.h"
11 #include "util/thread.h"
12 #include "util/header.h"
13 #include "util/session.h"
14 #include "util/tool.h"
15 #include "util/callchain.h"
16 #include "util/time-utils.h"
17 #include <linux/err.h>
18 
19 #include <subcmd/pager.h>
20 #include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
21 #include "util/trace-event.h"
22 #include "util/data.h"
23 #include "util/cpumap.h"
24 
25 #include "util/debug.h"
26 #include "util/string2.h"
27 
28 #include <linux/kernel.h>
29 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
30 #include <linux/string.h>
31 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
32 #include <errno.h>
33 #include <inttypes.h>
34 #include <locale.h>
35 #include <regex.h>
36 
37 #include <linux/ctype.h>
38 
39 static int	kmem_slab;
40 static int	kmem_page;
41 
42 static long	kmem_page_size;
43 static enum {
44 	KMEM_SLAB,
45 	KMEM_PAGE,
46 } kmem_default = KMEM_SLAB;  /* for backward compatibility */
47 
48 struct alloc_stat;
49 typedef int (*sort_fn_t)(void *, void *);
50 
51 static int			alloc_flag;
52 static int			caller_flag;
53 
54 static int			alloc_lines = -1;
55 static int			caller_lines = -1;
56 
57 static bool			raw_ip;
58 
59 struct alloc_stat {
60 	u64	call_site;
61 	u64	ptr;
62 	u64	bytes_req;
63 	u64	bytes_alloc;
64 	u64	last_alloc;
65 	u32	hit;
66 	u32	pingpong;
67 
68 	short	alloc_cpu;
69 
70 	struct rb_node node;
71 };
72 
73 static struct rb_root root_alloc_stat;
74 static struct rb_root root_alloc_sorted;
75 static struct rb_root root_caller_stat;
76 static struct rb_root root_caller_sorted;
77 
78 static unsigned long total_requested, total_allocated, total_freed;
79 static unsigned long nr_allocs, nr_cross_allocs;
80 
81 /* filters for controlling start and stop of time of analysis */
82 static struct perf_time_interval ptime;
83 const char *time_str;
84 
85 static int insert_alloc_stat(unsigned long call_site, unsigned long ptr,
86 			     int bytes_req, int bytes_alloc, int cpu)
87 {
88 	struct rb_node **node = &root_alloc_stat.rb_node;
89 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
90 	struct alloc_stat *data = NULL;
91 
92 	while (*node) {
93 		parent = *node;
94 		data = rb_entry(*node, struct alloc_stat, node);
95 
96 		if (ptr > data->ptr)
97 			node = &(*node)->rb_right;
98 		else if (ptr < data->ptr)
99 			node = &(*node)->rb_left;
100 		else
101 			break;
102 	}
103 
104 	if (data && data->ptr == ptr) {
105 		data->hit++;
106 		data->bytes_req += bytes_req;
107 		data->bytes_alloc += bytes_alloc;
108 	} else {
109 		data = malloc(sizeof(*data));
110 		if (!data) {
111 			pr_err("%s: malloc failed\n", __func__);
112 			return -1;
113 		}
114 		data->ptr = ptr;
115 		data->pingpong = 0;
116 		data->hit = 1;
117 		data->bytes_req = bytes_req;
118 		data->bytes_alloc = bytes_alloc;
119 
120 		rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
121 		rb_insert_color(&data->node, &root_alloc_stat);
122 	}
123 	data->call_site = call_site;
124 	data->alloc_cpu = cpu;
125 	data->last_alloc = bytes_alloc;
126 
127 	return 0;
128 }
129 
130 static int insert_caller_stat(unsigned long call_site,
131 			      int bytes_req, int bytes_alloc)
132 {
133 	struct rb_node **node = &root_caller_stat.rb_node;
134 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
135 	struct alloc_stat *data = NULL;
136 
137 	while (*node) {
138 		parent = *node;
139 		data = rb_entry(*node, struct alloc_stat, node);
140 
141 		if (call_site > data->call_site)
142 			node = &(*node)->rb_right;
143 		else if (call_site < data->call_site)
144 			node = &(*node)->rb_left;
145 		else
146 			break;
147 	}
148 
149 	if (data && data->call_site == call_site) {
150 		data->hit++;
151 		data->bytes_req += bytes_req;
152 		data->bytes_alloc += bytes_alloc;
153 	} else {
154 		data = malloc(sizeof(*data));
155 		if (!data) {
156 			pr_err("%s: malloc failed\n", __func__);
157 			return -1;
158 		}
159 		data->call_site = call_site;
160 		data->pingpong = 0;
161 		data->hit = 1;
162 		data->bytes_req = bytes_req;
163 		data->bytes_alloc = bytes_alloc;
164 
165 		rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
166 		rb_insert_color(&data->node, &root_caller_stat);
167 	}
168 
169 	return 0;
170 }
171 
172 static int evsel__process_alloc_event(struct evsel *evsel, struct perf_sample *sample)
173 {
174 	unsigned long ptr = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "ptr"),
175 		      call_site = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "call_site");
176 	int bytes_req = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "bytes_req"),
177 	    bytes_alloc = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "bytes_alloc");
178 
179 	if (insert_alloc_stat(call_site, ptr, bytes_req, bytes_alloc, sample->cpu) ||
180 	    insert_caller_stat(call_site, bytes_req, bytes_alloc))
181 		return -1;
182 
183 	total_requested += bytes_req;
184 	total_allocated += bytes_alloc;
185 
186 	nr_allocs++;
187 	return 0;
188 }
189 
190 static int evsel__process_alloc_node_event(struct evsel *evsel, struct perf_sample *sample)
191 {
192 	int ret = evsel__process_alloc_event(evsel, sample);
193 
194 	if (!ret) {
195 		int node1 = cpu__get_node((struct perf_cpu){.cpu = sample->cpu}),
196 		    node2 = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "node");
197 
198 		if (node1 != node2)
199 			nr_cross_allocs++;
200 	}
201 
202 	return ret;
203 }
204 
205 static int ptr_cmp(void *, void *);
206 static int slab_callsite_cmp(void *, void *);
207 
208 static struct alloc_stat *search_alloc_stat(unsigned long ptr,
209 					    unsigned long call_site,
210 					    struct rb_root *root,
211 					    sort_fn_t sort_fn)
212 {
213 	struct rb_node *node = root->rb_node;
214 	struct alloc_stat key = { .ptr = ptr, .call_site = call_site };
215 
216 	while (node) {
217 		struct alloc_stat *data;
218 		int cmp;
219 
220 		data = rb_entry(node, struct alloc_stat, node);
221 
222 		cmp = sort_fn(&key, data);
223 		if (cmp < 0)
224 			node = node->rb_left;
225 		else if (cmp > 0)
226 			node = node->rb_right;
227 		else
228 			return data;
229 	}
230 	return NULL;
231 }
232 
233 static int evsel__process_free_event(struct evsel *evsel, struct perf_sample *sample)
234 {
235 	unsigned long ptr = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "ptr");
236 	struct alloc_stat *s_alloc, *s_caller;
237 
238 	s_alloc = search_alloc_stat(ptr, 0, &root_alloc_stat, ptr_cmp);
239 	if (!s_alloc)
240 		return 0;
241 
242 	total_freed += s_alloc->last_alloc;
243 
244 	if ((short)sample->cpu != s_alloc->alloc_cpu) {
245 		s_alloc->pingpong++;
246 
247 		s_caller = search_alloc_stat(0, s_alloc->call_site,
248 					     &root_caller_stat,
249 					     slab_callsite_cmp);
250 		if (!s_caller)
251 			return -1;
252 		s_caller->pingpong++;
253 	}
254 	s_alloc->alloc_cpu = -1;
255 
256 	return 0;
257 }
258 
259 static u64 total_page_alloc_bytes;
260 static u64 total_page_free_bytes;
261 static u64 total_page_nomatch_bytes;
262 static u64 total_page_fail_bytes;
263 static unsigned long nr_page_allocs;
264 static unsigned long nr_page_frees;
265 static unsigned long nr_page_fails;
266 static unsigned long nr_page_nomatch;
267 
268 static bool use_pfn;
269 static bool live_page;
270 static struct perf_session *kmem_session;
271 
272 #define MAX_MIGRATE_TYPES  6
273 #define MAX_PAGE_ORDER     11
274 
275 static int order_stats[MAX_PAGE_ORDER][MAX_MIGRATE_TYPES];
276 
277 struct page_stat {
278 	struct rb_node 	node;
279 	u64 		page;
280 	u64 		callsite;
281 	int 		order;
282 	unsigned 	gfp_flags;
283 	unsigned 	migrate_type;
284 	u64		alloc_bytes;
285 	u64 		free_bytes;
286 	int 		nr_alloc;
287 	int 		nr_free;
288 };
289 
290 static struct rb_root page_live_tree;
291 static struct rb_root page_alloc_tree;
292 static struct rb_root page_alloc_sorted;
293 static struct rb_root page_caller_tree;
294 static struct rb_root page_caller_sorted;
295 
296 struct alloc_func {
297 	u64 start;
298 	u64 end;
299 	char *name;
300 };
301 
302 static int nr_alloc_funcs;
303 static struct alloc_func *alloc_func_list;
304 
305 static int funcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
306 {
307 	const struct alloc_func *fa = a;
308 	const struct alloc_func *fb = b;
309 
310 	if (fa->start > fb->start)
311 		return 1;
312 	else
313 		return -1;
314 }
315 
316 static int callcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
317 {
318 	const struct alloc_func *fa = a;
319 	const struct alloc_func *fb = b;
320 
321 	if (fb->start <= fa->start && fa->end < fb->end)
322 		return 0;
323 
324 	if (fa->start > fb->start)
325 		return 1;
326 	else
327 		return -1;
328 }
329 
330 static int build_alloc_func_list(void)
331 {
332 	int ret;
333 	struct map *kernel_map;
334 	struct symbol *sym;
335 	struct rb_node *node;
336 	struct alloc_func *func;
337 	struct machine *machine = &kmem_session->machines.host;
338 	regex_t alloc_func_regex;
339 	static const char pattern[] = "^_?_?(alloc|get_free|get_zeroed)_pages?";
340 
341 	ret = regcomp(&alloc_func_regex, pattern, REG_EXTENDED);
342 	if (ret) {
343 		char err[BUFSIZ];
344 
345 		regerror(ret, &alloc_func_regex, err, sizeof(err));
346 		pr_err("Invalid regex: %s\n%s", pattern, err);
347 		return -EINVAL;
348 	}
349 
350 	kernel_map = machine__kernel_map(machine);
351 	if (map__load(kernel_map) < 0) {
352 		pr_err("cannot load kernel map\n");
353 		return -ENOENT;
354 	}
355 
356 	map__for_each_symbol(kernel_map, sym, node) {
357 		if (regexec(&alloc_func_regex, sym->name, 0, NULL, 0))
358 			continue;
359 
360 		func = realloc(alloc_func_list,
361 			       (nr_alloc_funcs + 1) * sizeof(*func));
362 		if (func == NULL)
363 			return -ENOMEM;
364 
365 		pr_debug("alloc func: %s\n", sym->name);
366 		func[nr_alloc_funcs].start = sym->start;
367 		func[nr_alloc_funcs].end   = sym->end;
368 		func[nr_alloc_funcs].name  = sym->name;
369 
370 		alloc_func_list = func;
371 		nr_alloc_funcs++;
372 	}
373 
374 	qsort(alloc_func_list, nr_alloc_funcs, sizeof(*func), funcmp);
375 
376 	regfree(&alloc_func_regex);
377 	return 0;
378 }
379 
380 /*
381  * Find first non-memory allocation function from callchain.
382  * The allocation functions are in the 'alloc_func_list'.
383  */
384 static u64 find_callsite(struct evsel *evsel, struct perf_sample *sample)
385 {
386 	struct addr_location al;
387 	struct machine *machine = &kmem_session->machines.host;
388 	struct callchain_cursor_node *node;
389 
390 	if (alloc_func_list == NULL) {
391 		if (build_alloc_func_list() < 0)
392 			goto out;
393 	}
394 
395 	al.thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, sample->pid, sample->tid);
396 	sample__resolve_callchain(sample, &callchain_cursor, NULL, evsel, &al, 16);
397 
398 	callchain_cursor_commit(&callchain_cursor);
399 	while (true) {
400 		struct alloc_func key, *caller;
401 		u64 addr;
402 
403 		node = callchain_cursor_current(&callchain_cursor);
404 		if (node == NULL)
405 			break;
406 
407 		key.start = key.end = node->ip;
408 		caller = bsearch(&key, alloc_func_list, nr_alloc_funcs,
409 				 sizeof(key), callcmp);
410 		if (!caller) {
411 			/* found */
412 			if (node->ms.map)
413 				addr = map__unmap_ip(node->ms.map, node->ip);
414 			else
415 				addr = node->ip;
416 
417 			return addr;
418 		} else
419 			pr_debug3("skipping alloc function: %s\n", caller->name);
420 
421 		callchain_cursor_advance(&callchain_cursor);
422 	}
423 
424 out:
425 	pr_debug2("unknown callsite: %"PRIx64 "\n", sample->ip);
426 	return sample->ip;
427 }
428 
429 struct sort_dimension {
430 	const char		name[20];
431 	sort_fn_t		cmp;
432 	struct list_head	list;
433 };
434 
435 static LIST_HEAD(page_alloc_sort_input);
436 static LIST_HEAD(page_caller_sort_input);
437 
438 static struct page_stat *
439 __page_stat__findnew_page(struct page_stat *pstat, bool create)
440 {
441 	struct rb_node **node = &page_live_tree.rb_node;
442 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
443 	struct page_stat *data;
444 
445 	while (*node) {
446 		s64 cmp;
447 
448 		parent = *node;
449 		data = rb_entry(*node, struct page_stat, node);
450 
451 		cmp = data->page - pstat->page;
452 		if (cmp < 0)
453 			node = &parent->rb_left;
454 		else if (cmp > 0)
455 			node = &parent->rb_right;
456 		else
457 			return data;
458 	}
459 
460 	if (!create)
461 		return NULL;
462 
463 	data = zalloc(sizeof(*data));
464 	if (data != NULL) {
465 		data->page = pstat->page;
466 		data->order = pstat->order;
467 		data->gfp_flags = pstat->gfp_flags;
468 		data->migrate_type = pstat->migrate_type;
469 
470 		rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
471 		rb_insert_color(&data->node, &page_live_tree);
472 	}
473 
474 	return data;
475 }
476 
477 static struct page_stat *page_stat__find_page(struct page_stat *pstat)
478 {
479 	return __page_stat__findnew_page(pstat, false);
480 }
481 
482 static struct page_stat *page_stat__findnew_page(struct page_stat *pstat)
483 {
484 	return __page_stat__findnew_page(pstat, true);
485 }
486 
487 static struct page_stat *
488 __page_stat__findnew_alloc(struct page_stat *pstat, bool create)
489 {
490 	struct rb_node **node = &page_alloc_tree.rb_node;
491 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
492 	struct page_stat *data;
493 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
494 
495 	while (*node) {
496 		int cmp = 0;
497 
498 		parent = *node;
499 		data = rb_entry(*node, struct page_stat, node);
500 
501 		list_for_each_entry(sort, &page_alloc_sort_input, list) {
502 			cmp = sort->cmp(pstat, data);
503 			if (cmp)
504 				break;
505 		}
506 
507 		if (cmp < 0)
508 			node = &parent->rb_left;
509 		else if (cmp > 0)
510 			node = &parent->rb_right;
511 		else
512 			return data;
513 	}
514 
515 	if (!create)
516 		return NULL;
517 
518 	data = zalloc(sizeof(*data));
519 	if (data != NULL) {
520 		data->page = pstat->page;
521 		data->order = pstat->order;
522 		data->gfp_flags = pstat->gfp_flags;
523 		data->migrate_type = pstat->migrate_type;
524 
525 		rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
526 		rb_insert_color(&data->node, &page_alloc_tree);
527 	}
528 
529 	return data;
530 }
531 
532 static struct page_stat *page_stat__find_alloc(struct page_stat *pstat)
533 {
534 	return __page_stat__findnew_alloc(pstat, false);
535 }
536 
537 static struct page_stat *page_stat__findnew_alloc(struct page_stat *pstat)
538 {
539 	return __page_stat__findnew_alloc(pstat, true);
540 }
541 
542 static struct page_stat *
543 __page_stat__findnew_caller(struct page_stat *pstat, bool create)
544 {
545 	struct rb_node **node = &page_caller_tree.rb_node;
546 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
547 	struct page_stat *data;
548 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
549 
550 	while (*node) {
551 		int cmp = 0;
552 
553 		parent = *node;
554 		data = rb_entry(*node, struct page_stat, node);
555 
556 		list_for_each_entry(sort, &page_caller_sort_input, list) {
557 			cmp = sort->cmp(pstat, data);
558 			if (cmp)
559 				break;
560 		}
561 
562 		if (cmp < 0)
563 			node = &parent->rb_left;
564 		else if (cmp > 0)
565 			node = &parent->rb_right;
566 		else
567 			return data;
568 	}
569 
570 	if (!create)
571 		return NULL;
572 
573 	data = zalloc(sizeof(*data));
574 	if (data != NULL) {
575 		data->callsite = pstat->callsite;
576 		data->order = pstat->order;
577 		data->gfp_flags = pstat->gfp_flags;
578 		data->migrate_type = pstat->migrate_type;
579 
580 		rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
581 		rb_insert_color(&data->node, &page_caller_tree);
582 	}
583 
584 	return data;
585 }
586 
587 static struct page_stat *page_stat__find_caller(struct page_stat *pstat)
588 {
589 	return __page_stat__findnew_caller(pstat, false);
590 }
591 
592 static struct page_stat *page_stat__findnew_caller(struct page_stat *pstat)
593 {
594 	return __page_stat__findnew_caller(pstat, true);
595 }
596 
597 static bool valid_page(u64 pfn_or_page)
598 {
599 	if (use_pfn && pfn_or_page == -1UL)
600 		return false;
601 	if (!use_pfn && pfn_or_page == 0)
602 		return false;
603 	return true;
604 }
605 
606 struct gfp_flag {
607 	unsigned int flags;
608 	char *compact_str;
609 	char *human_readable;
610 };
611 
612 static struct gfp_flag *gfps;
613 static int nr_gfps;
614 
615 static int gfpcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
616 {
617 	const struct gfp_flag *fa = a;
618 	const struct gfp_flag *fb = b;
619 
620 	return fa->flags - fb->flags;
621 }
622 
623 /* see include/trace/events/mmflags.h */
624 static const struct {
625 	const char *original;
626 	const char *compact;
627 } gfp_compact_table[] = {
628 	{ "GFP_TRANSHUGE",		"THP" },
629 	{ "GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT",	"THL" },
630 	{ "GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE",	"HUM" },
631 	{ "GFP_HIGHUSER",		"HU" },
632 	{ "GFP_USER",			"U" },
633 	{ "GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT",		"KAC" },
634 	{ "GFP_KERNEL",			"K" },
635 	{ "GFP_NOFS",			"NF" },
636 	{ "GFP_ATOMIC",			"A" },
637 	{ "GFP_NOIO",			"NI" },
638 	{ "GFP_NOWAIT",			"NW" },
639 	{ "GFP_DMA",			"D" },
640 	{ "__GFP_HIGHMEM",		"HM" },
641 	{ "GFP_DMA32",			"D32" },
642 	{ "__GFP_HIGH",			"H" },
643 	{ "__GFP_ATOMIC",		"_A" },
644 	{ "__GFP_IO",			"I" },
645 	{ "__GFP_FS",			"F" },
646 	{ "__GFP_NOWARN",		"NWR" },
647 	{ "__GFP_RETRY_MAYFAIL",	"R" },
648 	{ "__GFP_NOFAIL",		"NF" },
649 	{ "__GFP_NORETRY",		"NR" },
650 	{ "__GFP_COMP",			"C" },
651 	{ "__GFP_ZERO",			"Z" },
652 	{ "__GFP_NOMEMALLOC",		"NMA" },
653 	{ "__GFP_MEMALLOC",		"MA" },
654 	{ "__GFP_HARDWALL",		"HW" },
655 	{ "__GFP_THISNODE",		"TN" },
656 	{ "__GFP_RECLAIMABLE",		"RC" },
657 	{ "__GFP_MOVABLE",		"M" },
658 	{ "__GFP_ACCOUNT",		"AC" },
659 	{ "__GFP_WRITE",		"WR" },
660 	{ "__GFP_RECLAIM",		"R" },
661 	{ "__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM",	"DR" },
662 	{ "__GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM",	"KR" },
663 };
664 
665 static size_t max_gfp_len;
666 
667 static char *compact_gfp_flags(char *gfp_flags)
668 {
669 	char *orig_flags = strdup(gfp_flags);
670 	char *new_flags = NULL;
671 	char *str, *pos = NULL;
672 	size_t len = 0;
673 
674 	if (orig_flags == NULL)
675 		return NULL;
676 
677 	str = strtok_r(orig_flags, "|", &pos);
678 	while (str) {
679 		size_t i;
680 		char *new;
681 		const char *cpt;
682 
683 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(gfp_compact_table); i++) {
684 			if (strcmp(gfp_compact_table[i].original, str))
685 				continue;
686 
687 			cpt = gfp_compact_table[i].compact;
688 			new = realloc(new_flags, len + strlen(cpt) + 2);
689 			if (new == NULL) {
690 				free(new_flags);
691 				free(orig_flags);
692 				return NULL;
693 			}
694 
695 			new_flags = new;
696 
697 			if (!len) {
698 				strcpy(new_flags, cpt);
699 			} else {
700 				strcat(new_flags, "|");
701 				strcat(new_flags, cpt);
702 				len++;
703 			}
704 
705 			len += strlen(cpt);
706 		}
707 
708 		str = strtok_r(NULL, "|", &pos);
709 	}
710 
711 	if (max_gfp_len < len)
712 		max_gfp_len = len;
713 
714 	free(orig_flags);
715 	return new_flags;
716 }
717 
718 static char *compact_gfp_string(unsigned long gfp_flags)
719 {
720 	struct gfp_flag key = {
721 		.flags = gfp_flags,
722 	};
723 	struct gfp_flag *gfp;
724 
725 	gfp = bsearch(&key, gfps, nr_gfps, sizeof(*gfps), gfpcmp);
726 	if (gfp)
727 		return gfp->compact_str;
728 
729 	return NULL;
730 }
731 
732 static int parse_gfp_flags(struct evsel *evsel, struct perf_sample *sample,
733 			   unsigned int gfp_flags)
734 {
735 	struct tep_record record = {
736 		.cpu = sample->cpu,
737 		.data = sample->raw_data,
738 		.size = sample->raw_size,
739 	};
740 	struct trace_seq seq;
741 	char *str, *pos = NULL;
742 
743 	if (nr_gfps) {
744 		struct gfp_flag key = {
745 			.flags = gfp_flags,
746 		};
747 
748 		if (bsearch(&key, gfps, nr_gfps, sizeof(*gfps), gfpcmp))
749 			return 0;
750 	}
751 
752 	trace_seq_init(&seq);
753 	tep_print_event(evsel->tp_format->tep,
754 			&seq, &record, "%s", TEP_PRINT_INFO);
755 
756 	str = strtok_r(seq.buffer, " ", &pos);
757 	while (str) {
758 		if (!strncmp(str, "gfp_flags=", 10)) {
759 			struct gfp_flag *new;
760 
761 			new = realloc(gfps, (nr_gfps + 1) * sizeof(*gfps));
762 			if (new == NULL)
763 				return -ENOMEM;
764 
765 			gfps = new;
766 			new += nr_gfps++;
767 
768 			new->flags = gfp_flags;
769 			new->human_readable = strdup(str + 10);
770 			new->compact_str = compact_gfp_flags(str + 10);
771 			if (!new->human_readable || !new->compact_str)
772 				return -ENOMEM;
773 
774 			qsort(gfps, nr_gfps, sizeof(*gfps), gfpcmp);
775 		}
776 
777 		str = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &pos);
778 	}
779 
780 	trace_seq_destroy(&seq);
781 	return 0;
782 }
783 
784 static int evsel__process_page_alloc_event(struct evsel *evsel, struct perf_sample *sample)
785 {
786 	u64 page;
787 	unsigned int order = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "order");
788 	unsigned int gfp_flags = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "gfp_flags");
789 	unsigned int migrate_type = evsel__intval(evsel, sample,
790 						       "migratetype");
791 	u64 bytes = kmem_page_size << order;
792 	u64 callsite;
793 	struct page_stat *pstat;
794 	struct page_stat this = {
795 		.order = order,
796 		.gfp_flags = gfp_flags,
797 		.migrate_type = migrate_type,
798 	};
799 
800 	if (use_pfn)
801 		page = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pfn");
802 	else
803 		page = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "page");
804 
805 	nr_page_allocs++;
806 	total_page_alloc_bytes += bytes;
807 
808 	if (!valid_page(page)) {
809 		nr_page_fails++;
810 		total_page_fail_bytes += bytes;
811 
812 		return 0;
813 	}
814 
815 	if (parse_gfp_flags(evsel, sample, gfp_flags) < 0)
816 		return -1;
817 
818 	callsite = find_callsite(evsel, sample);
819 
820 	/*
821 	 * This is to find the current page (with correct gfp flags and
822 	 * migrate type) at free event.
823 	 */
824 	this.page = page;
825 	pstat = page_stat__findnew_page(&this);
826 	if (pstat == NULL)
827 		return -ENOMEM;
828 
829 	pstat->nr_alloc++;
830 	pstat->alloc_bytes += bytes;
831 	pstat->callsite = callsite;
832 
833 	if (!live_page) {
834 		pstat = page_stat__findnew_alloc(&this);
835 		if (pstat == NULL)
836 			return -ENOMEM;
837 
838 		pstat->nr_alloc++;
839 		pstat->alloc_bytes += bytes;
840 		pstat->callsite = callsite;
841 	}
842 
843 	this.callsite = callsite;
844 	pstat = page_stat__findnew_caller(&this);
845 	if (pstat == NULL)
846 		return -ENOMEM;
847 
848 	pstat->nr_alloc++;
849 	pstat->alloc_bytes += bytes;
850 
851 	order_stats[order][migrate_type]++;
852 
853 	return 0;
854 }
855 
856 static int evsel__process_page_free_event(struct evsel *evsel, struct perf_sample *sample)
857 {
858 	u64 page;
859 	unsigned int order = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "order");
860 	u64 bytes = kmem_page_size << order;
861 	struct page_stat *pstat;
862 	struct page_stat this = {
863 		.order = order,
864 	};
865 
866 	if (use_pfn)
867 		page = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pfn");
868 	else
869 		page = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "page");
870 
871 	nr_page_frees++;
872 	total_page_free_bytes += bytes;
873 
874 	this.page = page;
875 	pstat = page_stat__find_page(&this);
876 	if (pstat == NULL) {
877 		pr_debug2("missing free at page %"PRIx64" (order: %d)\n",
878 			  page, order);
879 
880 		nr_page_nomatch++;
881 		total_page_nomatch_bytes += bytes;
882 
883 		return 0;
884 	}
885 
886 	this.gfp_flags = pstat->gfp_flags;
887 	this.migrate_type = pstat->migrate_type;
888 	this.callsite = pstat->callsite;
889 
890 	rb_erase(&pstat->node, &page_live_tree);
891 	free(pstat);
892 
893 	if (live_page) {
894 		order_stats[this.order][this.migrate_type]--;
895 	} else {
896 		pstat = page_stat__find_alloc(&this);
897 		if (pstat == NULL)
898 			return -ENOMEM;
899 
900 		pstat->nr_free++;
901 		pstat->free_bytes += bytes;
902 	}
903 
904 	pstat = page_stat__find_caller(&this);
905 	if (pstat == NULL)
906 		return -ENOENT;
907 
908 	pstat->nr_free++;
909 	pstat->free_bytes += bytes;
910 
911 	if (live_page) {
912 		pstat->nr_alloc--;
913 		pstat->alloc_bytes -= bytes;
914 
915 		if (pstat->nr_alloc == 0) {
916 			rb_erase(&pstat->node, &page_caller_tree);
917 			free(pstat);
918 		}
919 	}
920 
921 	return 0;
922 }
923 
924 static bool perf_kmem__skip_sample(struct perf_sample *sample)
925 {
926 	/* skip sample based on time? */
927 	if (perf_time__skip_sample(&ptime, sample->time))
928 		return true;
929 
930 	return false;
931 }
932 
933 typedef int (*tracepoint_handler)(struct evsel *evsel,
934 				  struct perf_sample *sample);
935 
936 static int process_sample_event(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
937 				union perf_event *event,
938 				struct perf_sample *sample,
939 				struct evsel *evsel,
940 				struct machine *machine)
941 {
942 	int err = 0;
943 	struct thread *thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, sample->pid,
944 							sample->tid);
945 
946 	if (thread == NULL) {
947 		pr_debug("problem processing %d event, skipping it.\n",
948 			 event->header.type);
949 		return -1;
950 	}
951 
952 	if (perf_kmem__skip_sample(sample))
953 		return 0;
954 
955 	dump_printf(" ... thread: %s:%d\n", thread__comm_str(thread), thread->tid);
956 
957 	if (evsel->handler != NULL) {
958 		tracepoint_handler f = evsel->handler;
959 		err = f(evsel, sample);
960 	}
961 
962 	thread__put(thread);
963 
964 	return err;
965 }
966 
967 static struct perf_tool perf_kmem = {
968 	.sample		 = process_sample_event,
969 	.comm		 = perf_event__process_comm,
970 	.mmap		 = perf_event__process_mmap,
971 	.mmap2		 = perf_event__process_mmap2,
972 	.namespaces	 = perf_event__process_namespaces,
973 	.ordered_events	 = true,
974 };
975 
976 static double fragmentation(unsigned long n_req, unsigned long n_alloc)
977 {
978 	if (n_alloc == 0)
979 		return 0.0;
980 	else
981 		return 100.0 - (100.0 * n_req / n_alloc);
982 }
983 
984 static void __print_slab_result(struct rb_root *root,
985 				struct perf_session *session,
986 				int n_lines, int is_caller)
987 {
988 	struct rb_node *next;
989 	struct machine *machine = &session->machines.host;
990 
991 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
992 	printf(" %-34s |",  is_caller ? "Callsite": "Alloc Ptr");
993 	printf(" Total_alloc/Per | Total_req/Per   | Hit      | Ping-pong | Frag\n");
994 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
995 
996 	next = rb_first(root);
997 
998 	while (next && n_lines--) {
999 		struct alloc_stat *data = rb_entry(next, struct alloc_stat,
1000 						   node);
1001 		struct symbol *sym = NULL;
1002 		struct map *map;
1003 		char buf[BUFSIZ];
1004 		u64 addr;
1005 
1006 		if (is_caller) {
1007 			addr = data->call_site;
1008 			if (!raw_ip)
1009 				sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(machine, addr, &map);
1010 		} else
1011 			addr = data->ptr;
1012 
1013 		if (sym != NULL)
1014 			snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s+%" PRIx64 "", sym->name,
1015 				 addr - map->unmap_ip(map, sym->start));
1016 		else
1017 			snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%#" PRIx64 "", addr);
1018 		printf(" %-34s |", buf);
1019 
1020 		printf(" %9llu/%-5lu | %9llu/%-5lu | %8lu | %9lu | %6.3f%%\n",
1021 		       (unsigned long long)data->bytes_alloc,
1022 		       (unsigned long)data->bytes_alloc / data->hit,
1023 		       (unsigned long long)data->bytes_req,
1024 		       (unsigned long)data->bytes_req / data->hit,
1025 		       (unsigned long)data->hit,
1026 		       (unsigned long)data->pingpong,
1027 		       fragmentation(data->bytes_req, data->bytes_alloc));
1028 
1029 		next = rb_next(next);
1030 	}
1031 
1032 	if (n_lines == -1)
1033 		printf(" ...                                | ...             | ...             | ...      | ...       | ...   \n");
1034 
1035 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1036 }
1037 
1038 static const char * const migrate_type_str[] = {
1039 	"UNMOVABL",
1040 	"RECLAIM",
1041 	"MOVABLE",
1042 	"RESERVED",
1043 	"CMA/ISLT",
1044 	"UNKNOWN",
1045 };
1046 
1047 static void __print_page_alloc_result(struct perf_session *session, int n_lines)
1048 {
1049 	struct rb_node *next = rb_first(&page_alloc_sorted);
1050 	struct machine *machine = &session->machines.host;
1051 	const char *format;
1052 	int gfp_len = max(strlen("GFP flags"), max_gfp_len);
1053 
1054 	printf("\n%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1055 	printf(" %-16s | %5s alloc (KB) | Hits      | Order | Mig.type | %-*s | Callsite\n",
1056 	       use_pfn ? "PFN" : "Page", live_page ? "Live" : "Total",
1057 	       gfp_len, "GFP flags");
1058 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1059 
1060 	if (use_pfn)
1061 		format = " %16llu | %'16llu | %'9d | %5d | %8s | %-*s | %s\n";
1062 	else
1063 		format = " %016llx | %'16llu | %'9d | %5d | %8s | %-*s | %s\n";
1064 
1065 	while (next && n_lines--) {
1066 		struct page_stat *data;
1067 		struct symbol *sym;
1068 		struct map *map;
1069 		char buf[32];
1070 		char *caller = buf;
1071 
1072 		data = rb_entry(next, struct page_stat, node);
1073 		sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(machine, data->callsite, &map);
1074 		if (sym)
1075 			caller = sym->name;
1076 		else
1077 			scnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%"PRIx64, data->callsite);
1078 
1079 		printf(format, (unsigned long long)data->page,
1080 		       (unsigned long long)data->alloc_bytes / 1024,
1081 		       data->nr_alloc, data->order,
1082 		       migrate_type_str[data->migrate_type],
1083 		       gfp_len, compact_gfp_string(data->gfp_flags), caller);
1084 
1085 		next = rb_next(next);
1086 	}
1087 
1088 	if (n_lines == -1) {
1089 		printf(" ...              | ...              | ...       | ...   | ...      | %-*s | ...\n",
1090 		       gfp_len, "...");
1091 	}
1092 
1093 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1094 }
1095 
1096 static void __print_page_caller_result(struct perf_session *session, int n_lines)
1097 {
1098 	struct rb_node *next = rb_first(&page_caller_sorted);
1099 	struct machine *machine = &session->machines.host;
1100 	int gfp_len = max(strlen("GFP flags"), max_gfp_len);
1101 
1102 	printf("\n%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1103 	printf(" %5s alloc (KB) | Hits      | Order | Mig.type | %-*s | Callsite\n",
1104 	       live_page ? "Live" : "Total", gfp_len, "GFP flags");
1105 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1106 
1107 	while (next && n_lines--) {
1108 		struct page_stat *data;
1109 		struct symbol *sym;
1110 		struct map *map;
1111 		char buf[32];
1112 		char *caller = buf;
1113 
1114 		data = rb_entry(next, struct page_stat, node);
1115 		sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(machine, data->callsite, &map);
1116 		if (sym)
1117 			caller = sym->name;
1118 		else
1119 			scnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%"PRIx64, data->callsite);
1120 
1121 		printf(" %'16llu | %'9d | %5d | %8s | %-*s | %s\n",
1122 		       (unsigned long long)data->alloc_bytes / 1024,
1123 		       data->nr_alloc, data->order,
1124 		       migrate_type_str[data->migrate_type],
1125 		       gfp_len, compact_gfp_string(data->gfp_flags), caller);
1126 
1127 		next = rb_next(next);
1128 	}
1129 
1130 	if (n_lines == -1) {
1131 		printf(" ...              | ...       | ...   | ...      | %-*s | ...\n",
1132 		       gfp_len, "...");
1133 	}
1134 
1135 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1136 }
1137 
1138 static void print_gfp_flags(void)
1139 {
1140 	int i;
1141 
1142 	printf("#\n");
1143 	printf("# GFP flags\n");
1144 	printf("# ---------\n");
1145 	for (i = 0; i < nr_gfps; i++) {
1146 		printf("# %08x: %*s: %s\n", gfps[i].flags,
1147 		       (int) max_gfp_len, gfps[i].compact_str,
1148 		       gfps[i].human_readable);
1149 	}
1150 }
1151 
1152 static void print_slab_summary(void)
1153 {
1154 	printf("\nSUMMARY (SLAB allocator)");
1155 	printf("\n========================\n");
1156 	printf("Total bytes requested: %'lu\n", total_requested);
1157 	printf("Total bytes allocated: %'lu\n", total_allocated);
1158 	printf("Total bytes freed:     %'lu\n", total_freed);
1159 	if (total_allocated > total_freed) {
1160 		printf("Net total bytes allocated: %'lu\n",
1161 		total_allocated - total_freed);
1162 	}
1163 	printf("Total bytes wasted on internal fragmentation: %'lu\n",
1164 	       total_allocated - total_requested);
1165 	printf("Internal fragmentation: %f%%\n",
1166 	       fragmentation(total_requested, total_allocated));
1167 	printf("Cross CPU allocations: %'lu/%'lu\n", nr_cross_allocs, nr_allocs);
1168 }
1169 
1170 static void print_page_summary(void)
1171 {
1172 	int o, m;
1173 	u64 nr_alloc_freed = nr_page_frees - nr_page_nomatch;
1174 	u64 total_alloc_freed_bytes = total_page_free_bytes - total_page_nomatch_bytes;
1175 
1176 	printf("\nSUMMARY (page allocator)");
1177 	printf("\n========================\n");
1178 	printf("%-30s: %'16lu   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total allocation requests",
1179 	       nr_page_allocs, total_page_alloc_bytes / 1024);
1180 	printf("%-30s: %'16lu   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total free requests",
1181 	       nr_page_frees, total_page_free_bytes / 1024);
1182 	printf("\n");
1183 
1184 	printf("%-30s: %'16"PRIu64"   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total alloc+freed requests",
1185 	       nr_alloc_freed, (total_alloc_freed_bytes) / 1024);
1186 	printf("%-30s: %'16"PRIu64"   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total alloc-only requests",
1187 	       nr_page_allocs - nr_alloc_freed,
1188 	       (total_page_alloc_bytes - total_alloc_freed_bytes) / 1024);
1189 	printf("%-30s: %'16lu   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total free-only requests",
1190 	       nr_page_nomatch, total_page_nomatch_bytes / 1024);
1191 	printf("\n");
1192 
1193 	printf("%-30s: %'16lu   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total allocation failures",
1194 	       nr_page_fails, total_page_fail_bytes / 1024);
1195 	printf("\n");
1196 
1197 	printf("%5s  %12s  %12s  %12s  %12s  %12s\n", "Order",  "Unmovable",
1198 	       "Reclaimable", "Movable", "Reserved", "CMA/Isolated");
1199 	printf("%.5s  %.12s  %.12s  %.12s  %.12s  %.12s\n", graph_dotted_line,
1200 	       graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line,
1201 	       graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line);
1202 
1203 	for (o = 0; o < MAX_PAGE_ORDER; o++) {
1204 		printf("%5d", o);
1205 		for (m = 0; m < MAX_MIGRATE_TYPES - 1; m++) {
1206 			if (order_stats[o][m])
1207 				printf("  %'12d", order_stats[o][m]);
1208 			else
1209 				printf("  %12c", '.');
1210 		}
1211 		printf("\n");
1212 	}
1213 }
1214 
1215 static void print_slab_result(struct perf_session *session)
1216 {
1217 	if (caller_flag)
1218 		__print_slab_result(&root_caller_sorted, session, caller_lines, 1);
1219 	if (alloc_flag)
1220 		__print_slab_result(&root_alloc_sorted, session, alloc_lines, 0);
1221 	print_slab_summary();
1222 }
1223 
1224 static void print_page_result(struct perf_session *session)
1225 {
1226 	if (caller_flag || alloc_flag)
1227 		print_gfp_flags();
1228 	if (caller_flag)
1229 		__print_page_caller_result(session, caller_lines);
1230 	if (alloc_flag)
1231 		__print_page_alloc_result(session, alloc_lines);
1232 	print_page_summary();
1233 }
1234 
1235 static void print_result(struct perf_session *session)
1236 {
1237 	if (kmem_slab)
1238 		print_slab_result(session);
1239 	if (kmem_page)
1240 		print_page_result(session);
1241 }
1242 
1243 static LIST_HEAD(slab_caller_sort);
1244 static LIST_HEAD(slab_alloc_sort);
1245 static LIST_HEAD(page_caller_sort);
1246 static LIST_HEAD(page_alloc_sort);
1247 
1248 static void sort_slab_insert(struct rb_root *root, struct alloc_stat *data,
1249 			     struct list_head *sort_list)
1250 {
1251 	struct rb_node **new = &(root->rb_node);
1252 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
1253 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
1254 
1255 	while (*new) {
1256 		struct alloc_stat *this;
1257 		int cmp = 0;
1258 
1259 		this = rb_entry(*new, struct alloc_stat, node);
1260 		parent = *new;
1261 
1262 		list_for_each_entry(sort, sort_list, list) {
1263 			cmp = sort->cmp(data, this);
1264 			if (cmp)
1265 				break;
1266 		}
1267 
1268 		if (cmp > 0)
1269 			new = &((*new)->rb_left);
1270 		else
1271 			new = &((*new)->rb_right);
1272 	}
1273 
1274 	rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, new);
1275 	rb_insert_color(&data->node, root);
1276 }
1277 
1278 static void __sort_slab_result(struct rb_root *root, struct rb_root *root_sorted,
1279 			       struct list_head *sort_list)
1280 {
1281 	struct rb_node *node;
1282 	struct alloc_stat *data;
1283 
1284 	for (;;) {
1285 		node = rb_first(root);
1286 		if (!node)
1287 			break;
1288 
1289 		rb_erase(node, root);
1290 		data = rb_entry(node, struct alloc_stat, node);
1291 		sort_slab_insert(root_sorted, data, sort_list);
1292 	}
1293 }
1294 
1295 static void sort_page_insert(struct rb_root *root, struct page_stat *data,
1296 			     struct list_head *sort_list)
1297 {
1298 	struct rb_node **new = &root->rb_node;
1299 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
1300 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
1301 
1302 	while (*new) {
1303 		struct page_stat *this;
1304 		int cmp = 0;
1305 
1306 		this = rb_entry(*new, struct page_stat, node);
1307 		parent = *new;
1308 
1309 		list_for_each_entry(sort, sort_list, list) {
1310 			cmp = sort->cmp(data, this);
1311 			if (cmp)
1312 				break;
1313 		}
1314 
1315 		if (cmp > 0)
1316 			new = &parent->rb_left;
1317 		else
1318 			new = &parent->rb_right;
1319 	}
1320 
1321 	rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, new);
1322 	rb_insert_color(&data->node, root);
1323 }
1324 
1325 static void __sort_page_result(struct rb_root *root, struct rb_root *root_sorted,
1326 			       struct list_head *sort_list)
1327 {
1328 	struct rb_node *node;
1329 	struct page_stat *data;
1330 
1331 	for (;;) {
1332 		node = rb_first(root);
1333 		if (!node)
1334 			break;
1335 
1336 		rb_erase(node, root);
1337 		data = rb_entry(node, struct page_stat, node);
1338 		sort_page_insert(root_sorted, data, sort_list);
1339 	}
1340 }
1341 
1342 static void sort_result(void)
1343 {
1344 	if (kmem_slab) {
1345 		__sort_slab_result(&root_alloc_stat, &root_alloc_sorted,
1346 				   &slab_alloc_sort);
1347 		__sort_slab_result(&root_caller_stat, &root_caller_sorted,
1348 				   &slab_caller_sort);
1349 	}
1350 	if (kmem_page) {
1351 		if (live_page)
1352 			__sort_page_result(&page_live_tree, &page_alloc_sorted,
1353 					   &page_alloc_sort);
1354 		else
1355 			__sort_page_result(&page_alloc_tree, &page_alloc_sorted,
1356 					   &page_alloc_sort);
1357 
1358 		__sort_page_result(&page_caller_tree, &page_caller_sorted,
1359 				   &page_caller_sort);
1360 	}
1361 }
1362 
1363 static int __cmd_kmem(struct perf_session *session)
1364 {
1365 	int err = -EINVAL;
1366 	struct evsel *evsel;
1367 	const struct evsel_str_handler kmem_tracepoints[] = {
1368 		/* slab allocator */
1369 		{ "kmem:kmalloc",		evsel__process_alloc_event, },
1370 		{ "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc",	evsel__process_alloc_event, },
1371 		{ "kmem:kmalloc_node",		evsel__process_alloc_node_event, },
1372 		{ "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc_node", evsel__process_alloc_node_event, },
1373 		{ "kmem:kfree",			evsel__process_free_event, },
1374 		{ "kmem:kmem_cache_free",	evsel__process_free_event, },
1375 		/* page allocator */
1376 		{ "kmem:mm_page_alloc",		evsel__process_page_alloc_event, },
1377 		{ "kmem:mm_page_free",		evsel__process_page_free_event, },
1378 	};
1379 
1380 	if (!perf_session__has_traces(session, "kmem record"))
1381 		goto out;
1382 
1383 	if (perf_session__set_tracepoints_handlers(session, kmem_tracepoints)) {
1384 		pr_err("Initializing perf session tracepoint handlers failed\n");
1385 		goto out;
1386 	}
1387 
1388 	evlist__for_each_entry(session->evlist, evsel) {
1389 		if (!strcmp(evsel__name(evsel), "kmem:mm_page_alloc") &&
1390 		    evsel__field(evsel, "pfn")) {
1391 			use_pfn = true;
1392 			break;
1393 		}
1394 	}
1395 
1396 	setup_pager();
1397 	err = perf_session__process_events(session);
1398 	if (err != 0) {
1399 		pr_err("error during process events: %d\n", err);
1400 		goto out;
1401 	}
1402 	sort_result();
1403 	print_result(session);
1404 out:
1405 	return err;
1406 }
1407 
1408 /* slab sort keys */
1409 static int ptr_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1410 {
1411 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1412 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1413 
1414 	if (l->ptr < r->ptr)
1415 		return -1;
1416 	else if (l->ptr > r->ptr)
1417 		return 1;
1418 	return 0;
1419 }
1420 
1421 static struct sort_dimension ptr_sort_dimension = {
1422 	.name	= "ptr",
1423 	.cmp	= ptr_cmp,
1424 };
1425 
1426 static int slab_callsite_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1427 {
1428 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1429 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1430 
1431 	if (l->call_site < r->call_site)
1432 		return -1;
1433 	else if (l->call_site > r->call_site)
1434 		return 1;
1435 	return 0;
1436 }
1437 
1438 static struct sort_dimension callsite_sort_dimension = {
1439 	.name	= "callsite",
1440 	.cmp	= slab_callsite_cmp,
1441 };
1442 
1443 static int hit_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1444 {
1445 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1446 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1447 
1448 	if (l->hit < r->hit)
1449 		return -1;
1450 	else if (l->hit > r->hit)
1451 		return 1;
1452 	return 0;
1453 }
1454 
1455 static struct sort_dimension hit_sort_dimension = {
1456 	.name	= "hit",
1457 	.cmp	= hit_cmp,
1458 };
1459 
1460 static int bytes_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1461 {
1462 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1463 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1464 
1465 	if (l->bytes_alloc < r->bytes_alloc)
1466 		return -1;
1467 	else if (l->bytes_alloc > r->bytes_alloc)
1468 		return 1;
1469 	return 0;
1470 }
1471 
1472 static struct sort_dimension bytes_sort_dimension = {
1473 	.name	= "bytes",
1474 	.cmp	= bytes_cmp,
1475 };
1476 
1477 static int frag_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1478 {
1479 	double x, y;
1480 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1481 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1482 
1483 	x = fragmentation(l->bytes_req, l->bytes_alloc);
1484 	y = fragmentation(r->bytes_req, r->bytes_alloc);
1485 
1486 	if (x < y)
1487 		return -1;
1488 	else if (x > y)
1489 		return 1;
1490 	return 0;
1491 }
1492 
1493 static struct sort_dimension frag_sort_dimension = {
1494 	.name	= "frag",
1495 	.cmp	= frag_cmp,
1496 };
1497 
1498 static int pingpong_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1499 {
1500 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1501 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1502 
1503 	if (l->pingpong < r->pingpong)
1504 		return -1;
1505 	else if (l->pingpong > r->pingpong)
1506 		return 1;
1507 	return 0;
1508 }
1509 
1510 static struct sort_dimension pingpong_sort_dimension = {
1511 	.name	= "pingpong",
1512 	.cmp	= pingpong_cmp,
1513 };
1514 
1515 /* page sort keys */
1516 static int page_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1517 {
1518 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1519 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1520 
1521 	if (l->page < r->page)
1522 		return -1;
1523 	else if (l->page > r->page)
1524 		return 1;
1525 	return 0;
1526 }
1527 
1528 static struct sort_dimension page_sort_dimension = {
1529 	.name	= "page",
1530 	.cmp	= page_cmp,
1531 };
1532 
1533 static int page_callsite_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1534 {
1535 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1536 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1537 
1538 	if (l->callsite < r->callsite)
1539 		return -1;
1540 	else if (l->callsite > r->callsite)
1541 		return 1;
1542 	return 0;
1543 }
1544 
1545 static struct sort_dimension page_callsite_sort_dimension = {
1546 	.name	= "callsite",
1547 	.cmp	= page_callsite_cmp,
1548 };
1549 
1550 static int page_hit_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1551 {
1552 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1553 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1554 
1555 	if (l->nr_alloc < r->nr_alloc)
1556 		return -1;
1557 	else if (l->nr_alloc > r->nr_alloc)
1558 		return 1;
1559 	return 0;
1560 }
1561 
1562 static struct sort_dimension page_hit_sort_dimension = {
1563 	.name	= "hit",
1564 	.cmp	= page_hit_cmp,
1565 };
1566 
1567 static int page_bytes_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1568 {
1569 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1570 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1571 
1572 	if (l->alloc_bytes < r->alloc_bytes)
1573 		return -1;
1574 	else if (l->alloc_bytes > r->alloc_bytes)
1575 		return 1;
1576 	return 0;
1577 }
1578 
1579 static struct sort_dimension page_bytes_sort_dimension = {
1580 	.name	= "bytes",
1581 	.cmp	= page_bytes_cmp,
1582 };
1583 
1584 static int page_order_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1585 {
1586 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1587 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1588 
1589 	if (l->order < r->order)
1590 		return -1;
1591 	else if (l->order > r->order)
1592 		return 1;
1593 	return 0;
1594 }
1595 
1596 static struct sort_dimension page_order_sort_dimension = {
1597 	.name	= "order",
1598 	.cmp	= page_order_cmp,
1599 };
1600 
1601 static int migrate_type_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1602 {
1603 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1604 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1605 
1606 	/* for internal use to find free'd page */
1607 	if (l->migrate_type == -1U)
1608 		return 0;
1609 
1610 	if (l->migrate_type < r->migrate_type)
1611 		return -1;
1612 	else if (l->migrate_type > r->migrate_type)
1613 		return 1;
1614 	return 0;
1615 }
1616 
1617 static struct sort_dimension migrate_type_sort_dimension = {
1618 	.name	= "migtype",
1619 	.cmp	= migrate_type_cmp,
1620 };
1621 
1622 static int gfp_flags_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1623 {
1624 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1625 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1626 
1627 	/* for internal use to find free'd page */
1628 	if (l->gfp_flags == -1U)
1629 		return 0;
1630 
1631 	if (l->gfp_flags < r->gfp_flags)
1632 		return -1;
1633 	else if (l->gfp_flags > r->gfp_flags)
1634 		return 1;
1635 	return 0;
1636 }
1637 
1638 static struct sort_dimension gfp_flags_sort_dimension = {
1639 	.name	= "gfp",
1640 	.cmp	= gfp_flags_cmp,
1641 };
1642 
1643 static struct sort_dimension *slab_sorts[] = {
1644 	&ptr_sort_dimension,
1645 	&callsite_sort_dimension,
1646 	&hit_sort_dimension,
1647 	&bytes_sort_dimension,
1648 	&frag_sort_dimension,
1649 	&pingpong_sort_dimension,
1650 };
1651 
1652 static struct sort_dimension *page_sorts[] = {
1653 	&page_sort_dimension,
1654 	&page_callsite_sort_dimension,
1655 	&page_hit_sort_dimension,
1656 	&page_bytes_sort_dimension,
1657 	&page_order_sort_dimension,
1658 	&migrate_type_sort_dimension,
1659 	&gfp_flags_sort_dimension,
1660 };
1661 
1662 static int slab_sort_dimension__add(const char *tok, struct list_head *list)
1663 {
1664 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
1665 	int i;
1666 
1667 	for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(slab_sorts); i++) {
1668 		if (!strcmp(slab_sorts[i]->name, tok)) {
1669 			sort = memdup(slab_sorts[i], sizeof(*slab_sorts[i]));
1670 			if (!sort) {
1671 				pr_err("%s: memdup failed\n", __func__);
1672 				return -1;
1673 			}
1674 			list_add_tail(&sort->list, list);
1675 			return 0;
1676 		}
1677 	}
1678 
1679 	return -1;
1680 }
1681 
1682 static int page_sort_dimension__add(const char *tok, struct list_head *list)
1683 {
1684 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
1685 	int i;
1686 
1687 	for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(page_sorts); i++) {
1688 		if (!strcmp(page_sorts[i]->name, tok)) {
1689 			sort = memdup(page_sorts[i], sizeof(*page_sorts[i]));
1690 			if (!sort) {
1691 				pr_err("%s: memdup failed\n", __func__);
1692 				return -1;
1693 			}
1694 			list_add_tail(&sort->list, list);
1695 			return 0;
1696 		}
1697 	}
1698 
1699 	return -1;
1700 }
1701 
1702 static int setup_slab_sorting(struct list_head *sort_list, const char *arg)
1703 {
1704 	char *tok;
1705 	char *str = strdup(arg);
1706 	char *pos = str;
1707 
1708 	if (!str) {
1709 		pr_err("%s: strdup failed\n", __func__);
1710 		return -1;
1711 	}
1712 
1713 	while (true) {
1714 		tok = strsep(&pos, ",");
1715 		if (!tok)
1716 			break;
1717 		if (slab_sort_dimension__add(tok, sort_list) < 0) {
1718 			pr_err("Unknown slab --sort key: '%s'", tok);
1719 			free(str);
1720 			return -1;
1721 		}
1722 	}
1723 
1724 	free(str);
1725 	return 0;
1726 }
1727 
1728 static int setup_page_sorting(struct list_head *sort_list, const char *arg)
1729 {
1730 	char *tok;
1731 	char *str = strdup(arg);
1732 	char *pos = str;
1733 
1734 	if (!str) {
1735 		pr_err("%s: strdup failed\n", __func__);
1736 		return -1;
1737 	}
1738 
1739 	while (true) {
1740 		tok = strsep(&pos, ",");
1741 		if (!tok)
1742 			break;
1743 		if (page_sort_dimension__add(tok, sort_list) < 0) {
1744 			pr_err("Unknown page --sort key: '%s'", tok);
1745 			free(str);
1746 			return -1;
1747 		}
1748 	}
1749 
1750 	free(str);
1751 	return 0;
1752 }
1753 
1754 static int parse_sort_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1755 			  const char *arg, int unset __maybe_unused)
1756 {
1757 	if (!arg)
1758 		return -1;
1759 
1760 	if (kmem_page > kmem_slab ||
1761 	    (kmem_page == 0 && kmem_slab == 0 && kmem_default == KMEM_PAGE)) {
1762 		if (caller_flag > alloc_flag)
1763 			return setup_page_sorting(&page_caller_sort, arg);
1764 		else
1765 			return setup_page_sorting(&page_alloc_sort, arg);
1766 	} else {
1767 		if (caller_flag > alloc_flag)
1768 			return setup_slab_sorting(&slab_caller_sort, arg);
1769 		else
1770 			return setup_slab_sorting(&slab_alloc_sort, arg);
1771 	}
1772 
1773 	return 0;
1774 }
1775 
1776 static int parse_caller_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1777 			    const char *arg __maybe_unused,
1778 			    int unset __maybe_unused)
1779 {
1780 	caller_flag = (alloc_flag + 1);
1781 	return 0;
1782 }
1783 
1784 static int parse_alloc_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1785 			   const char *arg __maybe_unused,
1786 			   int unset __maybe_unused)
1787 {
1788 	alloc_flag = (caller_flag + 1);
1789 	return 0;
1790 }
1791 
1792 static int parse_slab_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1793 			  const char *arg __maybe_unused,
1794 			  int unset __maybe_unused)
1795 {
1796 	kmem_slab = (kmem_page + 1);
1797 	return 0;
1798 }
1799 
1800 static int parse_page_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1801 			  const char *arg __maybe_unused,
1802 			  int unset __maybe_unused)
1803 {
1804 	kmem_page = (kmem_slab + 1);
1805 	return 0;
1806 }
1807 
1808 static int parse_line_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1809 			  const char *arg, int unset __maybe_unused)
1810 {
1811 	int lines;
1812 
1813 	if (!arg)
1814 		return -1;
1815 
1816 	lines = strtoul(arg, NULL, 10);
1817 
1818 	if (caller_flag > alloc_flag)
1819 		caller_lines = lines;
1820 	else
1821 		alloc_lines = lines;
1822 
1823 	return 0;
1824 }
1825 
1826 static int __cmd_record(int argc, const char **argv)
1827 {
1828 	const char * const record_args[] = {
1829 	"record", "-a", "-R", "-c", "1",
1830 	};
1831 	const char * const slab_events[] = {
1832 	"-e", "kmem:kmalloc",
1833 	"-e", "kmem:kmalloc_node",
1834 	"-e", "kmem:kfree",
1835 	"-e", "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc",
1836 	"-e", "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc_node",
1837 	"-e", "kmem:kmem_cache_free",
1838 	};
1839 	const char * const page_events[] = {
1840 	"-e", "kmem:mm_page_alloc",
1841 	"-e", "kmem:mm_page_free",
1842 	};
1843 	unsigned int rec_argc, i, j;
1844 	const char **rec_argv;
1845 
1846 	rec_argc = ARRAY_SIZE(record_args) + argc - 1;
1847 	if (kmem_slab)
1848 		rec_argc += ARRAY_SIZE(slab_events);
1849 	if (kmem_page)
1850 		rec_argc += ARRAY_SIZE(page_events) + 1; /* for -g */
1851 
1852 	rec_argv = calloc(rec_argc + 1, sizeof(char *));
1853 
1854 	if (rec_argv == NULL)
1855 		return -ENOMEM;
1856 
1857 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(record_args); i++)
1858 		rec_argv[i] = strdup(record_args[i]);
1859 
1860 	if (kmem_slab) {
1861 		for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(slab_events); j++, i++)
1862 			rec_argv[i] = strdup(slab_events[j]);
1863 	}
1864 	if (kmem_page) {
1865 		rec_argv[i++] = strdup("-g");
1866 
1867 		for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(page_events); j++, i++)
1868 			rec_argv[i] = strdup(page_events[j]);
1869 	}
1870 
1871 	for (j = 1; j < (unsigned int)argc; j++, i++)
1872 		rec_argv[i] = argv[j];
1873 
1874 	return cmd_record(i, rec_argv);
1875 }
1876 
1877 static int kmem_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb __maybe_unused)
1878 {
1879 	if (!strcmp(var, "kmem.default")) {
1880 		if (!strcmp(value, "slab"))
1881 			kmem_default = KMEM_SLAB;
1882 		else if (!strcmp(value, "page"))
1883 			kmem_default = KMEM_PAGE;
1884 		else
1885 			pr_err("invalid default value ('slab' or 'page' required): %s\n",
1886 			       value);
1887 		return 0;
1888 	}
1889 
1890 	return 0;
1891 }
1892 
1893 int cmd_kmem(int argc, const char **argv)
1894 {
1895 	const char * const default_slab_sort = "frag,hit,bytes";
1896 	const char * const default_page_sort = "bytes,hit";
1897 	struct perf_data data = {
1898 		.mode = PERF_DATA_MODE_READ,
1899 	};
1900 	const struct option kmem_options[] = {
1901 	OPT_STRING('i', "input", &input_name, "file", "input file name"),
1902 	OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
1903 		    "be more verbose (show symbol address, etc)"),
1904 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "caller", NULL, NULL,
1905 			   "show per-callsite statistics", parse_caller_opt),
1906 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "alloc", NULL, NULL,
1907 			   "show per-allocation statistics", parse_alloc_opt),
1908 	OPT_CALLBACK('s', "sort", NULL, "key[,key2...]",
1909 		     "sort by keys: ptr, callsite, bytes, hit, pingpong, frag, "
1910 		     "page, order, migtype, gfp", parse_sort_opt),
1911 	OPT_CALLBACK('l', "line", NULL, "num", "show n lines", parse_line_opt),
1912 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "raw-ip", &raw_ip, "show raw ip instead of symbol"),
1913 	OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &data.force, "don't complain, do it"),
1914 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "slab", NULL, NULL, "Analyze slab allocator",
1915 			   parse_slab_opt),
1916 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "page", NULL, NULL, "Analyze page allocator",
1917 			   parse_page_opt),
1918 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "live", &live_page, "Show live page stat"),
1919 	OPT_STRING(0, "time", &time_str, "str",
1920 		   "Time span of interest (start,stop)"),
1921 	OPT_END()
1922 	};
1923 	const char *const kmem_subcommands[] = { "record", "stat", NULL };
1924 	const char *kmem_usage[] = {
1925 		NULL,
1926 		NULL
1927 	};
1928 	struct perf_session *session;
1929 	static const char errmsg[] = "No %s allocation events found.  Have you run 'perf kmem record --%s'?\n";
1930 	int ret = perf_config(kmem_config, NULL);
1931 
1932 	if (ret)
1933 		return ret;
1934 
1935 	argc = parse_options_subcommand(argc, argv, kmem_options,
1936 					kmem_subcommands, kmem_usage,
1937 					PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
1938 
1939 	if (!argc)
1940 		usage_with_options(kmem_usage, kmem_options);
1941 
1942 	if (kmem_slab == 0 && kmem_page == 0) {
1943 		if (kmem_default == KMEM_SLAB)
1944 			kmem_slab = 1;
1945 		else
1946 			kmem_page = 1;
1947 	}
1948 
1949 	if (!strncmp(argv[0], "rec", 3)) {
1950 		symbol__init(NULL);
1951 		return __cmd_record(argc, argv);
1952 	}
1953 
1954 	data.path = input_name;
1955 
1956 	kmem_session = session = perf_session__new(&data, &perf_kmem);
1957 	if (IS_ERR(session))
1958 		return PTR_ERR(session);
1959 
1960 	ret = -1;
1961 
1962 	if (kmem_slab) {
1963 		if (!evlist__find_tracepoint_by_name(session->evlist, "kmem:kmalloc")) {
1964 			pr_err(errmsg, "slab", "slab");
1965 			goto out_delete;
1966 		}
1967 	}
1968 
1969 	if (kmem_page) {
1970 		struct evsel *evsel = evlist__find_tracepoint_by_name(session->evlist, "kmem:mm_page_alloc");
1971 
1972 		if (evsel == NULL) {
1973 			pr_err(errmsg, "page", "page");
1974 			goto out_delete;
1975 		}
1976 
1977 		kmem_page_size = tep_get_page_size(evsel->tp_format->tep);
1978 		symbol_conf.use_callchain = true;
1979 	}
1980 
1981 	symbol__init(&session->header.env);
1982 
1983 	if (perf_time__parse_str(&ptime, time_str) != 0) {
1984 		pr_err("Invalid time string\n");
1985 		ret = -EINVAL;
1986 		goto out_delete;
1987 	}
1988 
1989 	if (!strcmp(argv[0], "stat")) {
1990 		setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
1991 
1992 		if (cpu__setup_cpunode_map())
1993 			goto out_delete;
1994 
1995 		if (list_empty(&slab_caller_sort))
1996 			setup_slab_sorting(&slab_caller_sort, default_slab_sort);
1997 		if (list_empty(&slab_alloc_sort))
1998 			setup_slab_sorting(&slab_alloc_sort, default_slab_sort);
1999 		if (list_empty(&page_caller_sort))
2000 			setup_page_sorting(&page_caller_sort, default_page_sort);
2001 		if (list_empty(&page_alloc_sort))
2002 			setup_page_sorting(&page_alloc_sort, default_page_sort);
2003 
2004 		if (kmem_page) {
2005 			setup_page_sorting(&page_alloc_sort_input,
2006 					   "page,order,migtype,gfp");
2007 			setup_page_sorting(&page_caller_sort_input,
2008 					   "callsite,order,migtype,gfp");
2009 		}
2010 		ret = __cmd_kmem(session);
2011 	} else
2012 		usage_with_options(kmem_usage, kmem_options);
2013 
2014 out_delete:
2015 	perf_session__delete(session);
2016 
2017 	return ret;
2018 }
2019 
2020