xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/perf/builtin-kmem.c (revision a44e4f3a)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include "builtin.h"
3 #include "perf.h"
4 
5 #include "util/dso.h"
6 #include "util/evlist.h"
7 #include "util/evsel.h"
8 #include "util/config.h"
9 #include "util/map.h"
10 #include "util/symbol.h"
11 #include "util/thread.h"
12 #include "util/header.h"
13 #include "util/session.h"
14 #include "util/tool.h"
15 #include "util/callchain.h"
16 #include "util/time-utils.h"
17 #include <linux/err.h>
18 
19 #include <subcmd/pager.h>
20 #include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
21 #include "util/trace-event.h"
22 #include "util/data.h"
23 #include "util/cpumap.h"
24 
25 #include "util/debug.h"
26 #include "util/string2.h"
27 
28 #include <linux/kernel.h>
29 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
30 #include <linux/string.h>
31 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
32 #include <errno.h>
33 #include <inttypes.h>
34 #include <locale.h>
35 #include <regex.h>
36 
37 #include <linux/ctype.h>
38 
39 static int	kmem_slab;
40 static int	kmem_page;
41 
42 static long	kmem_page_size;
43 static enum {
44 	KMEM_SLAB,
45 	KMEM_PAGE,
46 } kmem_default = KMEM_SLAB;  /* for backward compatibility */
47 
48 struct alloc_stat;
49 typedef int (*sort_fn_t)(void *, void *);
50 
51 static int			alloc_flag;
52 static int			caller_flag;
53 
54 static int			alloc_lines = -1;
55 static int			caller_lines = -1;
56 
57 static bool			raw_ip;
58 
59 struct alloc_stat {
60 	u64	call_site;
61 	u64	ptr;
62 	u64	bytes_req;
63 	u64	bytes_alloc;
64 	u64	last_alloc;
65 	u32	hit;
66 	u32	pingpong;
67 
68 	short	alloc_cpu;
69 
70 	struct rb_node node;
71 };
72 
73 static struct rb_root root_alloc_stat;
74 static struct rb_root root_alloc_sorted;
75 static struct rb_root root_caller_stat;
76 static struct rb_root root_caller_sorted;
77 
78 static unsigned long total_requested, total_allocated, total_freed;
79 static unsigned long nr_allocs, nr_cross_allocs;
80 
81 /* filters for controlling start and stop of time of analysis */
82 static struct perf_time_interval ptime;
83 const char *time_str;
84 
85 static int insert_alloc_stat(unsigned long call_site, unsigned long ptr,
86 			     int bytes_req, int bytes_alloc, int cpu)
87 {
88 	struct rb_node **node = &root_alloc_stat.rb_node;
89 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
90 	struct alloc_stat *data = NULL;
91 
92 	while (*node) {
93 		parent = *node;
94 		data = rb_entry(*node, struct alloc_stat, node);
95 
96 		if (ptr > data->ptr)
97 			node = &(*node)->rb_right;
98 		else if (ptr < data->ptr)
99 			node = &(*node)->rb_left;
100 		else
101 			break;
102 	}
103 
104 	if (data && data->ptr == ptr) {
105 		data->hit++;
106 		data->bytes_req += bytes_req;
107 		data->bytes_alloc += bytes_alloc;
108 	} else {
109 		data = malloc(sizeof(*data));
110 		if (!data) {
111 			pr_err("%s: malloc failed\n", __func__);
112 			return -1;
113 		}
114 		data->ptr = ptr;
115 		data->pingpong = 0;
116 		data->hit = 1;
117 		data->bytes_req = bytes_req;
118 		data->bytes_alloc = bytes_alloc;
119 
120 		rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
121 		rb_insert_color(&data->node, &root_alloc_stat);
122 	}
123 	data->call_site = call_site;
124 	data->alloc_cpu = cpu;
125 	data->last_alloc = bytes_alloc;
126 
127 	return 0;
128 }
129 
130 static int insert_caller_stat(unsigned long call_site,
131 			      int bytes_req, int bytes_alloc)
132 {
133 	struct rb_node **node = &root_caller_stat.rb_node;
134 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
135 	struct alloc_stat *data = NULL;
136 
137 	while (*node) {
138 		parent = *node;
139 		data = rb_entry(*node, struct alloc_stat, node);
140 
141 		if (call_site > data->call_site)
142 			node = &(*node)->rb_right;
143 		else if (call_site < data->call_site)
144 			node = &(*node)->rb_left;
145 		else
146 			break;
147 	}
148 
149 	if (data && data->call_site == call_site) {
150 		data->hit++;
151 		data->bytes_req += bytes_req;
152 		data->bytes_alloc += bytes_alloc;
153 	} else {
154 		data = malloc(sizeof(*data));
155 		if (!data) {
156 			pr_err("%s: malloc failed\n", __func__);
157 			return -1;
158 		}
159 		data->call_site = call_site;
160 		data->pingpong = 0;
161 		data->hit = 1;
162 		data->bytes_req = bytes_req;
163 		data->bytes_alloc = bytes_alloc;
164 
165 		rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
166 		rb_insert_color(&data->node, &root_caller_stat);
167 	}
168 
169 	return 0;
170 }
171 
172 static int perf_evsel__process_alloc_event(struct evsel *evsel,
173 					   struct perf_sample *sample)
174 {
175 	unsigned long ptr = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "ptr"),
176 		      call_site = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "call_site");
177 	int bytes_req = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "bytes_req"),
178 	    bytes_alloc = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "bytes_alloc");
179 
180 	if (insert_alloc_stat(call_site, ptr, bytes_req, bytes_alloc, sample->cpu) ||
181 	    insert_caller_stat(call_site, bytes_req, bytes_alloc))
182 		return -1;
183 
184 	total_requested += bytes_req;
185 	total_allocated += bytes_alloc;
186 
187 	nr_allocs++;
188 	return 0;
189 }
190 
191 static int perf_evsel__process_alloc_node_event(struct evsel *evsel,
192 						struct perf_sample *sample)
193 {
194 	int ret = perf_evsel__process_alloc_event(evsel, sample);
195 
196 	if (!ret) {
197 		int node1 = cpu__get_node(sample->cpu),
198 		    node2 = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "node");
199 
200 		if (node1 != node2)
201 			nr_cross_allocs++;
202 	}
203 
204 	return ret;
205 }
206 
207 static int ptr_cmp(void *, void *);
208 static int slab_callsite_cmp(void *, void *);
209 
210 static struct alloc_stat *search_alloc_stat(unsigned long ptr,
211 					    unsigned long call_site,
212 					    struct rb_root *root,
213 					    sort_fn_t sort_fn)
214 {
215 	struct rb_node *node = root->rb_node;
216 	struct alloc_stat key = { .ptr = ptr, .call_site = call_site };
217 
218 	while (node) {
219 		struct alloc_stat *data;
220 		int cmp;
221 
222 		data = rb_entry(node, struct alloc_stat, node);
223 
224 		cmp = sort_fn(&key, data);
225 		if (cmp < 0)
226 			node = node->rb_left;
227 		else if (cmp > 0)
228 			node = node->rb_right;
229 		else
230 			return data;
231 	}
232 	return NULL;
233 }
234 
235 static int perf_evsel__process_free_event(struct evsel *evsel,
236 					  struct perf_sample *sample)
237 {
238 	unsigned long ptr = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "ptr");
239 	struct alloc_stat *s_alloc, *s_caller;
240 
241 	s_alloc = search_alloc_stat(ptr, 0, &root_alloc_stat, ptr_cmp);
242 	if (!s_alloc)
243 		return 0;
244 
245 	total_freed += s_alloc->last_alloc;
246 
247 	if ((short)sample->cpu != s_alloc->alloc_cpu) {
248 		s_alloc->pingpong++;
249 
250 		s_caller = search_alloc_stat(0, s_alloc->call_site,
251 					     &root_caller_stat,
252 					     slab_callsite_cmp);
253 		if (!s_caller)
254 			return -1;
255 		s_caller->pingpong++;
256 	}
257 	s_alloc->alloc_cpu = -1;
258 
259 	return 0;
260 }
261 
262 static u64 total_page_alloc_bytes;
263 static u64 total_page_free_bytes;
264 static u64 total_page_nomatch_bytes;
265 static u64 total_page_fail_bytes;
266 static unsigned long nr_page_allocs;
267 static unsigned long nr_page_frees;
268 static unsigned long nr_page_fails;
269 static unsigned long nr_page_nomatch;
270 
271 static bool use_pfn;
272 static bool live_page;
273 static struct perf_session *kmem_session;
274 
275 #define MAX_MIGRATE_TYPES  6
276 #define MAX_PAGE_ORDER     11
277 
278 static int order_stats[MAX_PAGE_ORDER][MAX_MIGRATE_TYPES];
279 
280 struct page_stat {
281 	struct rb_node 	node;
282 	u64 		page;
283 	u64 		callsite;
284 	int 		order;
285 	unsigned 	gfp_flags;
286 	unsigned 	migrate_type;
287 	u64		alloc_bytes;
288 	u64 		free_bytes;
289 	int 		nr_alloc;
290 	int 		nr_free;
291 };
292 
293 static struct rb_root page_live_tree;
294 static struct rb_root page_alloc_tree;
295 static struct rb_root page_alloc_sorted;
296 static struct rb_root page_caller_tree;
297 static struct rb_root page_caller_sorted;
298 
299 struct alloc_func {
300 	u64 start;
301 	u64 end;
302 	char *name;
303 };
304 
305 static int nr_alloc_funcs;
306 static struct alloc_func *alloc_func_list;
307 
308 static int funcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
309 {
310 	const struct alloc_func *fa = a;
311 	const struct alloc_func *fb = b;
312 
313 	if (fa->start > fb->start)
314 		return 1;
315 	else
316 		return -1;
317 }
318 
319 static int callcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
320 {
321 	const struct alloc_func *fa = a;
322 	const struct alloc_func *fb = b;
323 
324 	if (fb->start <= fa->start && fa->end < fb->end)
325 		return 0;
326 
327 	if (fa->start > fb->start)
328 		return 1;
329 	else
330 		return -1;
331 }
332 
333 static int build_alloc_func_list(void)
334 {
335 	int ret;
336 	struct map *kernel_map;
337 	struct symbol *sym;
338 	struct rb_node *node;
339 	struct alloc_func *func;
340 	struct machine *machine = &kmem_session->machines.host;
341 	regex_t alloc_func_regex;
342 	static const char pattern[] = "^_?_?(alloc|get_free|get_zeroed)_pages?";
343 
344 	ret = regcomp(&alloc_func_regex, pattern, REG_EXTENDED);
345 	if (ret) {
346 		char err[BUFSIZ];
347 
348 		regerror(ret, &alloc_func_regex, err, sizeof(err));
349 		pr_err("Invalid regex: %s\n%s", pattern, err);
350 		return -EINVAL;
351 	}
352 
353 	kernel_map = machine__kernel_map(machine);
354 	if (map__load(kernel_map) < 0) {
355 		pr_err("cannot load kernel map\n");
356 		return -ENOENT;
357 	}
358 
359 	map__for_each_symbol(kernel_map, sym, node) {
360 		if (regexec(&alloc_func_regex, sym->name, 0, NULL, 0))
361 			continue;
362 
363 		func = realloc(alloc_func_list,
364 			       (nr_alloc_funcs + 1) * sizeof(*func));
365 		if (func == NULL)
366 			return -ENOMEM;
367 
368 		pr_debug("alloc func: %s\n", sym->name);
369 		func[nr_alloc_funcs].start = sym->start;
370 		func[nr_alloc_funcs].end   = sym->end;
371 		func[nr_alloc_funcs].name  = sym->name;
372 
373 		alloc_func_list = func;
374 		nr_alloc_funcs++;
375 	}
376 
377 	qsort(alloc_func_list, nr_alloc_funcs, sizeof(*func), funcmp);
378 
379 	regfree(&alloc_func_regex);
380 	return 0;
381 }
382 
383 /*
384  * Find first non-memory allocation function from callchain.
385  * The allocation functions are in the 'alloc_func_list'.
386  */
387 static u64 find_callsite(struct evsel *evsel, struct perf_sample *sample)
388 {
389 	struct addr_location al;
390 	struct machine *machine = &kmem_session->machines.host;
391 	struct callchain_cursor_node *node;
392 
393 	if (alloc_func_list == NULL) {
394 		if (build_alloc_func_list() < 0)
395 			goto out;
396 	}
397 
398 	al.thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, sample->pid, sample->tid);
399 	sample__resolve_callchain(sample, &callchain_cursor, NULL, evsel, &al, 16);
400 
401 	callchain_cursor_commit(&callchain_cursor);
402 	while (true) {
403 		struct alloc_func key, *caller;
404 		u64 addr;
405 
406 		node = callchain_cursor_current(&callchain_cursor);
407 		if (node == NULL)
408 			break;
409 
410 		key.start = key.end = node->ip;
411 		caller = bsearch(&key, alloc_func_list, nr_alloc_funcs,
412 				 sizeof(key), callcmp);
413 		if (!caller) {
414 			/* found */
415 			if (node->ms.map)
416 				addr = map__unmap_ip(node->ms.map, node->ip);
417 			else
418 				addr = node->ip;
419 
420 			return addr;
421 		} else
422 			pr_debug3("skipping alloc function: %s\n", caller->name);
423 
424 		callchain_cursor_advance(&callchain_cursor);
425 	}
426 
427 out:
428 	pr_debug2("unknown callsite: %"PRIx64 "\n", sample->ip);
429 	return sample->ip;
430 }
431 
432 struct sort_dimension {
433 	const char		name[20];
434 	sort_fn_t		cmp;
435 	struct list_head	list;
436 };
437 
438 static LIST_HEAD(page_alloc_sort_input);
439 static LIST_HEAD(page_caller_sort_input);
440 
441 static struct page_stat *
442 __page_stat__findnew_page(struct page_stat *pstat, bool create)
443 {
444 	struct rb_node **node = &page_live_tree.rb_node;
445 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
446 	struct page_stat *data;
447 
448 	while (*node) {
449 		s64 cmp;
450 
451 		parent = *node;
452 		data = rb_entry(*node, struct page_stat, node);
453 
454 		cmp = data->page - pstat->page;
455 		if (cmp < 0)
456 			node = &parent->rb_left;
457 		else if (cmp > 0)
458 			node = &parent->rb_right;
459 		else
460 			return data;
461 	}
462 
463 	if (!create)
464 		return NULL;
465 
466 	data = zalloc(sizeof(*data));
467 	if (data != NULL) {
468 		data->page = pstat->page;
469 		data->order = pstat->order;
470 		data->gfp_flags = pstat->gfp_flags;
471 		data->migrate_type = pstat->migrate_type;
472 
473 		rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
474 		rb_insert_color(&data->node, &page_live_tree);
475 	}
476 
477 	return data;
478 }
479 
480 static struct page_stat *page_stat__find_page(struct page_stat *pstat)
481 {
482 	return __page_stat__findnew_page(pstat, false);
483 }
484 
485 static struct page_stat *page_stat__findnew_page(struct page_stat *pstat)
486 {
487 	return __page_stat__findnew_page(pstat, true);
488 }
489 
490 static struct page_stat *
491 __page_stat__findnew_alloc(struct page_stat *pstat, bool create)
492 {
493 	struct rb_node **node = &page_alloc_tree.rb_node;
494 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
495 	struct page_stat *data;
496 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
497 
498 	while (*node) {
499 		int cmp = 0;
500 
501 		parent = *node;
502 		data = rb_entry(*node, struct page_stat, node);
503 
504 		list_for_each_entry(sort, &page_alloc_sort_input, list) {
505 			cmp = sort->cmp(pstat, data);
506 			if (cmp)
507 				break;
508 		}
509 
510 		if (cmp < 0)
511 			node = &parent->rb_left;
512 		else if (cmp > 0)
513 			node = &parent->rb_right;
514 		else
515 			return data;
516 	}
517 
518 	if (!create)
519 		return NULL;
520 
521 	data = zalloc(sizeof(*data));
522 	if (data != NULL) {
523 		data->page = pstat->page;
524 		data->order = pstat->order;
525 		data->gfp_flags = pstat->gfp_flags;
526 		data->migrate_type = pstat->migrate_type;
527 
528 		rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
529 		rb_insert_color(&data->node, &page_alloc_tree);
530 	}
531 
532 	return data;
533 }
534 
535 static struct page_stat *page_stat__find_alloc(struct page_stat *pstat)
536 {
537 	return __page_stat__findnew_alloc(pstat, false);
538 }
539 
540 static struct page_stat *page_stat__findnew_alloc(struct page_stat *pstat)
541 {
542 	return __page_stat__findnew_alloc(pstat, true);
543 }
544 
545 static struct page_stat *
546 __page_stat__findnew_caller(struct page_stat *pstat, bool create)
547 {
548 	struct rb_node **node = &page_caller_tree.rb_node;
549 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
550 	struct page_stat *data;
551 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
552 
553 	while (*node) {
554 		int cmp = 0;
555 
556 		parent = *node;
557 		data = rb_entry(*node, struct page_stat, node);
558 
559 		list_for_each_entry(sort, &page_caller_sort_input, list) {
560 			cmp = sort->cmp(pstat, data);
561 			if (cmp)
562 				break;
563 		}
564 
565 		if (cmp < 0)
566 			node = &parent->rb_left;
567 		else if (cmp > 0)
568 			node = &parent->rb_right;
569 		else
570 			return data;
571 	}
572 
573 	if (!create)
574 		return NULL;
575 
576 	data = zalloc(sizeof(*data));
577 	if (data != NULL) {
578 		data->callsite = pstat->callsite;
579 		data->order = pstat->order;
580 		data->gfp_flags = pstat->gfp_flags;
581 		data->migrate_type = pstat->migrate_type;
582 
583 		rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
584 		rb_insert_color(&data->node, &page_caller_tree);
585 	}
586 
587 	return data;
588 }
589 
590 static struct page_stat *page_stat__find_caller(struct page_stat *pstat)
591 {
592 	return __page_stat__findnew_caller(pstat, false);
593 }
594 
595 static struct page_stat *page_stat__findnew_caller(struct page_stat *pstat)
596 {
597 	return __page_stat__findnew_caller(pstat, true);
598 }
599 
600 static bool valid_page(u64 pfn_or_page)
601 {
602 	if (use_pfn && pfn_or_page == -1UL)
603 		return false;
604 	if (!use_pfn && pfn_or_page == 0)
605 		return false;
606 	return true;
607 }
608 
609 struct gfp_flag {
610 	unsigned int flags;
611 	char *compact_str;
612 	char *human_readable;
613 };
614 
615 static struct gfp_flag *gfps;
616 static int nr_gfps;
617 
618 static int gfpcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
619 {
620 	const struct gfp_flag *fa = a;
621 	const struct gfp_flag *fb = b;
622 
623 	return fa->flags - fb->flags;
624 }
625 
626 /* see include/trace/events/mmflags.h */
627 static const struct {
628 	const char *original;
629 	const char *compact;
630 } gfp_compact_table[] = {
631 	{ "GFP_TRANSHUGE",		"THP" },
632 	{ "GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT",	"THL" },
633 	{ "GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE",	"HUM" },
634 	{ "GFP_HIGHUSER",		"HU" },
635 	{ "GFP_USER",			"U" },
636 	{ "GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT",		"KAC" },
637 	{ "GFP_KERNEL",			"K" },
638 	{ "GFP_NOFS",			"NF" },
639 	{ "GFP_ATOMIC",			"A" },
640 	{ "GFP_NOIO",			"NI" },
641 	{ "GFP_NOWAIT",			"NW" },
642 	{ "GFP_DMA",			"D" },
643 	{ "__GFP_HIGHMEM",		"HM" },
644 	{ "GFP_DMA32",			"D32" },
645 	{ "__GFP_HIGH",			"H" },
646 	{ "__GFP_ATOMIC",		"_A" },
647 	{ "__GFP_IO",			"I" },
648 	{ "__GFP_FS",			"F" },
649 	{ "__GFP_NOWARN",		"NWR" },
650 	{ "__GFP_RETRY_MAYFAIL",	"R" },
651 	{ "__GFP_NOFAIL",		"NF" },
652 	{ "__GFP_NORETRY",		"NR" },
653 	{ "__GFP_COMP",			"C" },
654 	{ "__GFP_ZERO",			"Z" },
655 	{ "__GFP_NOMEMALLOC",		"NMA" },
656 	{ "__GFP_MEMALLOC",		"MA" },
657 	{ "__GFP_HARDWALL",		"HW" },
658 	{ "__GFP_THISNODE",		"TN" },
659 	{ "__GFP_RECLAIMABLE",		"RC" },
660 	{ "__GFP_MOVABLE",		"M" },
661 	{ "__GFP_ACCOUNT",		"AC" },
662 	{ "__GFP_WRITE",		"WR" },
663 	{ "__GFP_RECLAIM",		"R" },
664 	{ "__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM",	"DR" },
665 	{ "__GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM",	"KR" },
666 };
667 
668 static size_t max_gfp_len;
669 
670 static char *compact_gfp_flags(char *gfp_flags)
671 {
672 	char *orig_flags = strdup(gfp_flags);
673 	char *new_flags = NULL;
674 	char *str, *pos = NULL;
675 	size_t len = 0;
676 
677 	if (orig_flags == NULL)
678 		return NULL;
679 
680 	str = strtok_r(orig_flags, "|", &pos);
681 	while (str) {
682 		size_t i;
683 		char *new;
684 		const char *cpt;
685 
686 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(gfp_compact_table); i++) {
687 			if (strcmp(gfp_compact_table[i].original, str))
688 				continue;
689 
690 			cpt = gfp_compact_table[i].compact;
691 			new = realloc(new_flags, len + strlen(cpt) + 2);
692 			if (new == NULL) {
693 				free(new_flags);
694 				free(orig_flags);
695 				return NULL;
696 			}
697 
698 			new_flags = new;
699 
700 			if (!len) {
701 				strcpy(new_flags, cpt);
702 			} else {
703 				strcat(new_flags, "|");
704 				strcat(new_flags, cpt);
705 				len++;
706 			}
707 
708 			len += strlen(cpt);
709 		}
710 
711 		str = strtok_r(NULL, "|", &pos);
712 	}
713 
714 	if (max_gfp_len < len)
715 		max_gfp_len = len;
716 
717 	free(orig_flags);
718 	return new_flags;
719 }
720 
721 static char *compact_gfp_string(unsigned long gfp_flags)
722 {
723 	struct gfp_flag key = {
724 		.flags = gfp_flags,
725 	};
726 	struct gfp_flag *gfp;
727 
728 	gfp = bsearch(&key, gfps, nr_gfps, sizeof(*gfps), gfpcmp);
729 	if (gfp)
730 		return gfp->compact_str;
731 
732 	return NULL;
733 }
734 
735 static int parse_gfp_flags(struct evsel *evsel, struct perf_sample *sample,
736 			   unsigned int gfp_flags)
737 {
738 	struct tep_record record = {
739 		.cpu = sample->cpu,
740 		.data = sample->raw_data,
741 		.size = sample->raw_size,
742 	};
743 	struct trace_seq seq;
744 	char *str, *pos = NULL;
745 
746 	if (nr_gfps) {
747 		struct gfp_flag key = {
748 			.flags = gfp_flags,
749 		};
750 
751 		if (bsearch(&key, gfps, nr_gfps, sizeof(*gfps), gfpcmp))
752 			return 0;
753 	}
754 
755 	trace_seq_init(&seq);
756 	tep_print_event(evsel->tp_format->tep,
757 			&seq, &record, "%s", TEP_PRINT_INFO);
758 
759 	str = strtok_r(seq.buffer, " ", &pos);
760 	while (str) {
761 		if (!strncmp(str, "gfp_flags=", 10)) {
762 			struct gfp_flag *new;
763 
764 			new = realloc(gfps, (nr_gfps + 1) * sizeof(*gfps));
765 			if (new == NULL)
766 				return -ENOMEM;
767 
768 			gfps = new;
769 			new += nr_gfps++;
770 
771 			new->flags = gfp_flags;
772 			new->human_readable = strdup(str + 10);
773 			new->compact_str = compact_gfp_flags(str + 10);
774 			if (!new->human_readable || !new->compact_str)
775 				return -ENOMEM;
776 
777 			qsort(gfps, nr_gfps, sizeof(*gfps), gfpcmp);
778 		}
779 
780 		str = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &pos);
781 	}
782 
783 	trace_seq_destroy(&seq);
784 	return 0;
785 }
786 
787 static int perf_evsel__process_page_alloc_event(struct evsel *evsel,
788 						struct perf_sample *sample)
789 {
790 	u64 page;
791 	unsigned int order = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "order");
792 	unsigned int gfp_flags = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "gfp_flags");
793 	unsigned int migrate_type = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample,
794 						       "migratetype");
795 	u64 bytes = kmem_page_size << order;
796 	u64 callsite;
797 	struct page_stat *pstat;
798 	struct page_stat this = {
799 		.order = order,
800 		.gfp_flags = gfp_flags,
801 		.migrate_type = migrate_type,
802 	};
803 
804 	if (use_pfn)
805 		page = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pfn");
806 	else
807 		page = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "page");
808 
809 	nr_page_allocs++;
810 	total_page_alloc_bytes += bytes;
811 
812 	if (!valid_page(page)) {
813 		nr_page_fails++;
814 		total_page_fail_bytes += bytes;
815 
816 		return 0;
817 	}
818 
819 	if (parse_gfp_flags(evsel, sample, gfp_flags) < 0)
820 		return -1;
821 
822 	callsite = find_callsite(evsel, sample);
823 
824 	/*
825 	 * This is to find the current page (with correct gfp flags and
826 	 * migrate type) at free event.
827 	 */
828 	this.page = page;
829 	pstat = page_stat__findnew_page(&this);
830 	if (pstat == NULL)
831 		return -ENOMEM;
832 
833 	pstat->nr_alloc++;
834 	pstat->alloc_bytes += bytes;
835 	pstat->callsite = callsite;
836 
837 	if (!live_page) {
838 		pstat = page_stat__findnew_alloc(&this);
839 		if (pstat == NULL)
840 			return -ENOMEM;
841 
842 		pstat->nr_alloc++;
843 		pstat->alloc_bytes += bytes;
844 		pstat->callsite = callsite;
845 	}
846 
847 	this.callsite = callsite;
848 	pstat = page_stat__findnew_caller(&this);
849 	if (pstat == NULL)
850 		return -ENOMEM;
851 
852 	pstat->nr_alloc++;
853 	pstat->alloc_bytes += bytes;
854 
855 	order_stats[order][migrate_type]++;
856 
857 	return 0;
858 }
859 
860 static int perf_evsel__process_page_free_event(struct evsel *evsel,
861 						struct perf_sample *sample)
862 {
863 	u64 page;
864 	unsigned int order = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "order");
865 	u64 bytes = kmem_page_size << order;
866 	struct page_stat *pstat;
867 	struct page_stat this = {
868 		.order = order,
869 	};
870 
871 	if (use_pfn)
872 		page = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pfn");
873 	else
874 		page = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "page");
875 
876 	nr_page_frees++;
877 	total_page_free_bytes += bytes;
878 
879 	this.page = page;
880 	pstat = page_stat__find_page(&this);
881 	if (pstat == NULL) {
882 		pr_debug2("missing free at page %"PRIx64" (order: %d)\n",
883 			  page, order);
884 
885 		nr_page_nomatch++;
886 		total_page_nomatch_bytes += bytes;
887 
888 		return 0;
889 	}
890 
891 	this.gfp_flags = pstat->gfp_flags;
892 	this.migrate_type = pstat->migrate_type;
893 	this.callsite = pstat->callsite;
894 
895 	rb_erase(&pstat->node, &page_live_tree);
896 	free(pstat);
897 
898 	if (live_page) {
899 		order_stats[this.order][this.migrate_type]--;
900 	} else {
901 		pstat = page_stat__find_alloc(&this);
902 		if (pstat == NULL)
903 			return -ENOMEM;
904 
905 		pstat->nr_free++;
906 		pstat->free_bytes += bytes;
907 	}
908 
909 	pstat = page_stat__find_caller(&this);
910 	if (pstat == NULL)
911 		return -ENOENT;
912 
913 	pstat->nr_free++;
914 	pstat->free_bytes += bytes;
915 
916 	if (live_page) {
917 		pstat->nr_alloc--;
918 		pstat->alloc_bytes -= bytes;
919 
920 		if (pstat->nr_alloc == 0) {
921 			rb_erase(&pstat->node, &page_caller_tree);
922 			free(pstat);
923 		}
924 	}
925 
926 	return 0;
927 }
928 
929 static bool perf_kmem__skip_sample(struct perf_sample *sample)
930 {
931 	/* skip sample based on time? */
932 	if (perf_time__skip_sample(&ptime, sample->time))
933 		return true;
934 
935 	return false;
936 }
937 
938 typedef int (*tracepoint_handler)(struct evsel *evsel,
939 				  struct perf_sample *sample);
940 
941 static int process_sample_event(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
942 				union perf_event *event,
943 				struct perf_sample *sample,
944 				struct evsel *evsel,
945 				struct machine *machine)
946 {
947 	int err = 0;
948 	struct thread *thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, sample->pid,
949 							sample->tid);
950 
951 	if (thread == NULL) {
952 		pr_debug("problem processing %d event, skipping it.\n",
953 			 event->header.type);
954 		return -1;
955 	}
956 
957 	if (perf_kmem__skip_sample(sample))
958 		return 0;
959 
960 	dump_printf(" ... thread: %s:%d\n", thread__comm_str(thread), thread->tid);
961 
962 	if (evsel->handler != NULL) {
963 		tracepoint_handler f = evsel->handler;
964 		err = f(evsel, sample);
965 	}
966 
967 	thread__put(thread);
968 
969 	return err;
970 }
971 
972 static struct perf_tool perf_kmem = {
973 	.sample		 = process_sample_event,
974 	.comm		 = perf_event__process_comm,
975 	.mmap		 = perf_event__process_mmap,
976 	.mmap2		 = perf_event__process_mmap2,
977 	.namespaces	 = perf_event__process_namespaces,
978 	.ordered_events	 = true,
979 };
980 
981 static double fragmentation(unsigned long n_req, unsigned long n_alloc)
982 {
983 	if (n_alloc == 0)
984 		return 0.0;
985 	else
986 		return 100.0 - (100.0 * n_req / n_alloc);
987 }
988 
989 static void __print_slab_result(struct rb_root *root,
990 				struct perf_session *session,
991 				int n_lines, int is_caller)
992 {
993 	struct rb_node *next;
994 	struct machine *machine = &session->machines.host;
995 
996 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
997 	printf(" %-34s |",  is_caller ? "Callsite": "Alloc Ptr");
998 	printf(" Total_alloc/Per | Total_req/Per   | Hit      | Ping-pong | Frag\n");
999 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1000 
1001 	next = rb_first(root);
1002 
1003 	while (next && n_lines--) {
1004 		struct alloc_stat *data = rb_entry(next, struct alloc_stat,
1005 						   node);
1006 		struct symbol *sym = NULL;
1007 		struct map *map;
1008 		char buf[BUFSIZ];
1009 		u64 addr;
1010 
1011 		if (is_caller) {
1012 			addr = data->call_site;
1013 			if (!raw_ip)
1014 				sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(machine, addr, &map);
1015 		} else
1016 			addr = data->ptr;
1017 
1018 		if (sym != NULL)
1019 			snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s+%" PRIx64 "", sym->name,
1020 				 addr - map->unmap_ip(map, sym->start));
1021 		else
1022 			snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%#" PRIx64 "", addr);
1023 		printf(" %-34s |", buf);
1024 
1025 		printf(" %9llu/%-5lu | %9llu/%-5lu | %8lu | %9lu | %6.3f%%\n",
1026 		       (unsigned long long)data->bytes_alloc,
1027 		       (unsigned long)data->bytes_alloc / data->hit,
1028 		       (unsigned long long)data->bytes_req,
1029 		       (unsigned long)data->bytes_req / data->hit,
1030 		       (unsigned long)data->hit,
1031 		       (unsigned long)data->pingpong,
1032 		       fragmentation(data->bytes_req, data->bytes_alloc));
1033 
1034 		next = rb_next(next);
1035 	}
1036 
1037 	if (n_lines == -1)
1038 		printf(" ...                                | ...             | ...             | ...      | ...       | ...   \n");
1039 
1040 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1041 }
1042 
1043 static const char * const migrate_type_str[] = {
1044 	"UNMOVABL",
1045 	"RECLAIM",
1046 	"MOVABLE",
1047 	"RESERVED",
1048 	"CMA/ISLT",
1049 	"UNKNOWN",
1050 };
1051 
1052 static void __print_page_alloc_result(struct perf_session *session, int n_lines)
1053 {
1054 	struct rb_node *next = rb_first(&page_alloc_sorted);
1055 	struct machine *machine = &session->machines.host;
1056 	const char *format;
1057 	int gfp_len = max(strlen("GFP flags"), max_gfp_len);
1058 
1059 	printf("\n%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1060 	printf(" %-16s | %5s alloc (KB) | Hits      | Order | Mig.type | %-*s | Callsite\n",
1061 	       use_pfn ? "PFN" : "Page", live_page ? "Live" : "Total",
1062 	       gfp_len, "GFP flags");
1063 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1064 
1065 	if (use_pfn)
1066 		format = " %16llu | %'16llu | %'9d | %5d | %8s | %-*s | %s\n";
1067 	else
1068 		format = " %016llx | %'16llu | %'9d | %5d | %8s | %-*s | %s\n";
1069 
1070 	while (next && n_lines--) {
1071 		struct page_stat *data;
1072 		struct symbol *sym;
1073 		struct map *map;
1074 		char buf[32];
1075 		char *caller = buf;
1076 
1077 		data = rb_entry(next, struct page_stat, node);
1078 		sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(machine, data->callsite, &map);
1079 		if (sym)
1080 			caller = sym->name;
1081 		else
1082 			scnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%"PRIx64, data->callsite);
1083 
1084 		printf(format, (unsigned long long)data->page,
1085 		       (unsigned long long)data->alloc_bytes / 1024,
1086 		       data->nr_alloc, data->order,
1087 		       migrate_type_str[data->migrate_type],
1088 		       gfp_len, compact_gfp_string(data->gfp_flags), caller);
1089 
1090 		next = rb_next(next);
1091 	}
1092 
1093 	if (n_lines == -1) {
1094 		printf(" ...              | ...              | ...       | ...   | ...      | %-*s | ...\n",
1095 		       gfp_len, "...");
1096 	}
1097 
1098 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1099 }
1100 
1101 static void __print_page_caller_result(struct perf_session *session, int n_lines)
1102 {
1103 	struct rb_node *next = rb_first(&page_caller_sorted);
1104 	struct machine *machine = &session->machines.host;
1105 	int gfp_len = max(strlen("GFP flags"), max_gfp_len);
1106 
1107 	printf("\n%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1108 	printf(" %5s alloc (KB) | Hits      | Order | Mig.type | %-*s | Callsite\n",
1109 	       live_page ? "Live" : "Total", gfp_len, "GFP flags");
1110 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1111 
1112 	while (next && n_lines--) {
1113 		struct page_stat *data;
1114 		struct symbol *sym;
1115 		struct map *map;
1116 		char buf[32];
1117 		char *caller = buf;
1118 
1119 		data = rb_entry(next, struct page_stat, node);
1120 		sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(machine, data->callsite, &map);
1121 		if (sym)
1122 			caller = sym->name;
1123 		else
1124 			scnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%"PRIx64, data->callsite);
1125 
1126 		printf(" %'16llu | %'9d | %5d | %8s | %-*s | %s\n",
1127 		       (unsigned long long)data->alloc_bytes / 1024,
1128 		       data->nr_alloc, data->order,
1129 		       migrate_type_str[data->migrate_type],
1130 		       gfp_len, compact_gfp_string(data->gfp_flags), caller);
1131 
1132 		next = rb_next(next);
1133 	}
1134 
1135 	if (n_lines == -1) {
1136 		printf(" ...              | ...       | ...   | ...      | %-*s | ...\n",
1137 		       gfp_len, "...");
1138 	}
1139 
1140 	printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
1141 }
1142 
1143 static void print_gfp_flags(void)
1144 {
1145 	int i;
1146 
1147 	printf("#\n");
1148 	printf("# GFP flags\n");
1149 	printf("# ---------\n");
1150 	for (i = 0; i < nr_gfps; i++) {
1151 		printf("# %08x: %*s: %s\n", gfps[i].flags,
1152 		       (int) max_gfp_len, gfps[i].compact_str,
1153 		       gfps[i].human_readable);
1154 	}
1155 }
1156 
1157 static void print_slab_summary(void)
1158 {
1159 	printf("\nSUMMARY (SLAB allocator)");
1160 	printf("\n========================\n");
1161 	printf("Total bytes requested: %'lu\n", total_requested);
1162 	printf("Total bytes allocated: %'lu\n", total_allocated);
1163 	printf("Total bytes freed:     %'lu\n", total_freed);
1164 	if (total_allocated > total_freed) {
1165 		printf("Net total bytes allocated: %'lu\n",
1166 		total_allocated - total_freed);
1167 	}
1168 	printf("Total bytes wasted on internal fragmentation: %'lu\n",
1169 	       total_allocated - total_requested);
1170 	printf("Internal fragmentation: %f%%\n",
1171 	       fragmentation(total_requested, total_allocated));
1172 	printf("Cross CPU allocations: %'lu/%'lu\n", nr_cross_allocs, nr_allocs);
1173 }
1174 
1175 static void print_page_summary(void)
1176 {
1177 	int o, m;
1178 	u64 nr_alloc_freed = nr_page_frees - nr_page_nomatch;
1179 	u64 total_alloc_freed_bytes = total_page_free_bytes - total_page_nomatch_bytes;
1180 
1181 	printf("\nSUMMARY (page allocator)");
1182 	printf("\n========================\n");
1183 	printf("%-30s: %'16lu   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total allocation requests",
1184 	       nr_page_allocs, total_page_alloc_bytes / 1024);
1185 	printf("%-30s: %'16lu   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total free requests",
1186 	       nr_page_frees, total_page_free_bytes / 1024);
1187 	printf("\n");
1188 
1189 	printf("%-30s: %'16"PRIu64"   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total alloc+freed requests",
1190 	       nr_alloc_freed, (total_alloc_freed_bytes) / 1024);
1191 	printf("%-30s: %'16"PRIu64"   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total alloc-only requests",
1192 	       nr_page_allocs - nr_alloc_freed,
1193 	       (total_page_alloc_bytes - total_alloc_freed_bytes) / 1024);
1194 	printf("%-30s: %'16lu   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total free-only requests",
1195 	       nr_page_nomatch, total_page_nomatch_bytes / 1024);
1196 	printf("\n");
1197 
1198 	printf("%-30s: %'16lu   [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total allocation failures",
1199 	       nr_page_fails, total_page_fail_bytes / 1024);
1200 	printf("\n");
1201 
1202 	printf("%5s  %12s  %12s  %12s  %12s  %12s\n", "Order",  "Unmovable",
1203 	       "Reclaimable", "Movable", "Reserved", "CMA/Isolated");
1204 	printf("%.5s  %.12s  %.12s  %.12s  %.12s  %.12s\n", graph_dotted_line,
1205 	       graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line,
1206 	       graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line);
1207 
1208 	for (o = 0; o < MAX_PAGE_ORDER; o++) {
1209 		printf("%5d", o);
1210 		for (m = 0; m < MAX_MIGRATE_TYPES - 1; m++) {
1211 			if (order_stats[o][m])
1212 				printf("  %'12d", order_stats[o][m]);
1213 			else
1214 				printf("  %12c", '.');
1215 		}
1216 		printf("\n");
1217 	}
1218 }
1219 
1220 static void print_slab_result(struct perf_session *session)
1221 {
1222 	if (caller_flag)
1223 		__print_slab_result(&root_caller_sorted, session, caller_lines, 1);
1224 	if (alloc_flag)
1225 		__print_slab_result(&root_alloc_sorted, session, alloc_lines, 0);
1226 	print_slab_summary();
1227 }
1228 
1229 static void print_page_result(struct perf_session *session)
1230 {
1231 	if (caller_flag || alloc_flag)
1232 		print_gfp_flags();
1233 	if (caller_flag)
1234 		__print_page_caller_result(session, caller_lines);
1235 	if (alloc_flag)
1236 		__print_page_alloc_result(session, alloc_lines);
1237 	print_page_summary();
1238 }
1239 
1240 static void print_result(struct perf_session *session)
1241 {
1242 	if (kmem_slab)
1243 		print_slab_result(session);
1244 	if (kmem_page)
1245 		print_page_result(session);
1246 }
1247 
1248 static LIST_HEAD(slab_caller_sort);
1249 static LIST_HEAD(slab_alloc_sort);
1250 static LIST_HEAD(page_caller_sort);
1251 static LIST_HEAD(page_alloc_sort);
1252 
1253 static void sort_slab_insert(struct rb_root *root, struct alloc_stat *data,
1254 			     struct list_head *sort_list)
1255 {
1256 	struct rb_node **new = &(root->rb_node);
1257 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
1258 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
1259 
1260 	while (*new) {
1261 		struct alloc_stat *this;
1262 		int cmp = 0;
1263 
1264 		this = rb_entry(*new, struct alloc_stat, node);
1265 		parent = *new;
1266 
1267 		list_for_each_entry(sort, sort_list, list) {
1268 			cmp = sort->cmp(data, this);
1269 			if (cmp)
1270 				break;
1271 		}
1272 
1273 		if (cmp > 0)
1274 			new = &((*new)->rb_left);
1275 		else
1276 			new = &((*new)->rb_right);
1277 	}
1278 
1279 	rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, new);
1280 	rb_insert_color(&data->node, root);
1281 }
1282 
1283 static void __sort_slab_result(struct rb_root *root, struct rb_root *root_sorted,
1284 			       struct list_head *sort_list)
1285 {
1286 	struct rb_node *node;
1287 	struct alloc_stat *data;
1288 
1289 	for (;;) {
1290 		node = rb_first(root);
1291 		if (!node)
1292 			break;
1293 
1294 		rb_erase(node, root);
1295 		data = rb_entry(node, struct alloc_stat, node);
1296 		sort_slab_insert(root_sorted, data, sort_list);
1297 	}
1298 }
1299 
1300 static void sort_page_insert(struct rb_root *root, struct page_stat *data,
1301 			     struct list_head *sort_list)
1302 {
1303 	struct rb_node **new = &root->rb_node;
1304 	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
1305 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
1306 
1307 	while (*new) {
1308 		struct page_stat *this;
1309 		int cmp = 0;
1310 
1311 		this = rb_entry(*new, struct page_stat, node);
1312 		parent = *new;
1313 
1314 		list_for_each_entry(sort, sort_list, list) {
1315 			cmp = sort->cmp(data, this);
1316 			if (cmp)
1317 				break;
1318 		}
1319 
1320 		if (cmp > 0)
1321 			new = &parent->rb_left;
1322 		else
1323 			new = &parent->rb_right;
1324 	}
1325 
1326 	rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, new);
1327 	rb_insert_color(&data->node, root);
1328 }
1329 
1330 static void __sort_page_result(struct rb_root *root, struct rb_root *root_sorted,
1331 			       struct list_head *sort_list)
1332 {
1333 	struct rb_node *node;
1334 	struct page_stat *data;
1335 
1336 	for (;;) {
1337 		node = rb_first(root);
1338 		if (!node)
1339 			break;
1340 
1341 		rb_erase(node, root);
1342 		data = rb_entry(node, struct page_stat, node);
1343 		sort_page_insert(root_sorted, data, sort_list);
1344 	}
1345 }
1346 
1347 static void sort_result(void)
1348 {
1349 	if (kmem_slab) {
1350 		__sort_slab_result(&root_alloc_stat, &root_alloc_sorted,
1351 				   &slab_alloc_sort);
1352 		__sort_slab_result(&root_caller_stat, &root_caller_sorted,
1353 				   &slab_caller_sort);
1354 	}
1355 	if (kmem_page) {
1356 		if (live_page)
1357 			__sort_page_result(&page_live_tree, &page_alloc_sorted,
1358 					   &page_alloc_sort);
1359 		else
1360 			__sort_page_result(&page_alloc_tree, &page_alloc_sorted,
1361 					   &page_alloc_sort);
1362 
1363 		__sort_page_result(&page_caller_tree, &page_caller_sorted,
1364 				   &page_caller_sort);
1365 	}
1366 }
1367 
1368 static int __cmd_kmem(struct perf_session *session)
1369 {
1370 	int err = -EINVAL;
1371 	struct evsel *evsel;
1372 	const struct evsel_str_handler kmem_tracepoints[] = {
1373 		/* slab allocator */
1374 		{ "kmem:kmalloc",		perf_evsel__process_alloc_event, },
1375     		{ "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc",	perf_evsel__process_alloc_event, },
1376 		{ "kmem:kmalloc_node",		perf_evsel__process_alloc_node_event, },
1377     		{ "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc_node", perf_evsel__process_alloc_node_event, },
1378 		{ "kmem:kfree",			perf_evsel__process_free_event, },
1379     		{ "kmem:kmem_cache_free",	perf_evsel__process_free_event, },
1380 		/* page allocator */
1381 		{ "kmem:mm_page_alloc",		perf_evsel__process_page_alloc_event, },
1382 		{ "kmem:mm_page_free",		perf_evsel__process_page_free_event, },
1383 	};
1384 
1385 	if (!perf_session__has_traces(session, "kmem record"))
1386 		goto out;
1387 
1388 	if (perf_session__set_tracepoints_handlers(session, kmem_tracepoints)) {
1389 		pr_err("Initializing perf session tracepoint handlers failed\n");
1390 		goto out;
1391 	}
1392 
1393 	evlist__for_each_entry(session->evlist, evsel) {
1394 		if (!strcmp(perf_evsel__name(evsel), "kmem:mm_page_alloc") &&
1395 		    perf_evsel__field(evsel, "pfn")) {
1396 			use_pfn = true;
1397 			break;
1398 		}
1399 	}
1400 
1401 	setup_pager();
1402 	err = perf_session__process_events(session);
1403 	if (err != 0) {
1404 		pr_err("error during process events: %d\n", err);
1405 		goto out;
1406 	}
1407 	sort_result();
1408 	print_result(session);
1409 out:
1410 	return err;
1411 }
1412 
1413 /* slab sort keys */
1414 static int ptr_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1415 {
1416 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1417 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1418 
1419 	if (l->ptr < r->ptr)
1420 		return -1;
1421 	else if (l->ptr > r->ptr)
1422 		return 1;
1423 	return 0;
1424 }
1425 
1426 static struct sort_dimension ptr_sort_dimension = {
1427 	.name	= "ptr",
1428 	.cmp	= ptr_cmp,
1429 };
1430 
1431 static int slab_callsite_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1432 {
1433 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1434 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1435 
1436 	if (l->call_site < r->call_site)
1437 		return -1;
1438 	else if (l->call_site > r->call_site)
1439 		return 1;
1440 	return 0;
1441 }
1442 
1443 static struct sort_dimension callsite_sort_dimension = {
1444 	.name	= "callsite",
1445 	.cmp	= slab_callsite_cmp,
1446 };
1447 
1448 static int hit_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1449 {
1450 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1451 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1452 
1453 	if (l->hit < r->hit)
1454 		return -1;
1455 	else if (l->hit > r->hit)
1456 		return 1;
1457 	return 0;
1458 }
1459 
1460 static struct sort_dimension hit_sort_dimension = {
1461 	.name	= "hit",
1462 	.cmp	= hit_cmp,
1463 };
1464 
1465 static int bytes_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1466 {
1467 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1468 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1469 
1470 	if (l->bytes_alloc < r->bytes_alloc)
1471 		return -1;
1472 	else if (l->bytes_alloc > r->bytes_alloc)
1473 		return 1;
1474 	return 0;
1475 }
1476 
1477 static struct sort_dimension bytes_sort_dimension = {
1478 	.name	= "bytes",
1479 	.cmp	= bytes_cmp,
1480 };
1481 
1482 static int frag_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1483 {
1484 	double x, y;
1485 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1486 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1487 
1488 	x = fragmentation(l->bytes_req, l->bytes_alloc);
1489 	y = fragmentation(r->bytes_req, r->bytes_alloc);
1490 
1491 	if (x < y)
1492 		return -1;
1493 	else if (x > y)
1494 		return 1;
1495 	return 0;
1496 }
1497 
1498 static struct sort_dimension frag_sort_dimension = {
1499 	.name	= "frag",
1500 	.cmp	= frag_cmp,
1501 };
1502 
1503 static int pingpong_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1504 {
1505 	struct alloc_stat *l = a;
1506 	struct alloc_stat *r = b;
1507 
1508 	if (l->pingpong < r->pingpong)
1509 		return -1;
1510 	else if (l->pingpong > r->pingpong)
1511 		return 1;
1512 	return 0;
1513 }
1514 
1515 static struct sort_dimension pingpong_sort_dimension = {
1516 	.name	= "pingpong",
1517 	.cmp	= pingpong_cmp,
1518 };
1519 
1520 /* page sort keys */
1521 static int page_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1522 {
1523 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1524 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1525 
1526 	if (l->page < r->page)
1527 		return -1;
1528 	else if (l->page > r->page)
1529 		return 1;
1530 	return 0;
1531 }
1532 
1533 static struct sort_dimension page_sort_dimension = {
1534 	.name	= "page",
1535 	.cmp	= page_cmp,
1536 };
1537 
1538 static int page_callsite_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1539 {
1540 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1541 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1542 
1543 	if (l->callsite < r->callsite)
1544 		return -1;
1545 	else if (l->callsite > r->callsite)
1546 		return 1;
1547 	return 0;
1548 }
1549 
1550 static struct sort_dimension page_callsite_sort_dimension = {
1551 	.name	= "callsite",
1552 	.cmp	= page_callsite_cmp,
1553 };
1554 
1555 static int page_hit_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1556 {
1557 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1558 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1559 
1560 	if (l->nr_alloc < r->nr_alloc)
1561 		return -1;
1562 	else if (l->nr_alloc > r->nr_alloc)
1563 		return 1;
1564 	return 0;
1565 }
1566 
1567 static struct sort_dimension page_hit_sort_dimension = {
1568 	.name	= "hit",
1569 	.cmp	= page_hit_cmp,
1570 };
1571 
1572 static int page_bytes_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1573 {
1574 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1575 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1576 
1577 	if (l->alloc_bytes < r->alloc_bytes)
1578 		return -1;
1579 	else if (l->alloc_bytes > r->alloc_bytes)
1580 		return 1;
1581 	return 0;
1582 }
1583 
1584 static struct sort_dimension page_bytes_sort_dimension = {
1585 	.name	= "bytes",
1586 	.cmp	= page_bytes_cmp,
1587 };
1588 
1589 static int page_order_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1590 {
1591 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1592 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1593 
1594 	if (l->order < r->order)
1595 		return -1;
1596 	else if (l->order > r->order)
1597 		return 1;
1598 	return 0;
1599 }
1600 
1601 static struct sort_dimension page_order_sort_dimension = {
1602 	.name	= "order",
1603 	.cmp	= page_order_cmp,
1604 };
1605 
1606 static int migrate_type_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1607 {
1608 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1609 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1610 
1611 	/* for internal use to find free'd page */
1612 	if (l->migrate_type == -1U)
1613 		return 0;
1614 
1615 	if (l->migrate_type < r->migrate_type)
1616 		return -1;
1617 	else if (l->migrate_type > r->migrate_type)
1618 		return 1;
1619 	return 0;
1620 }
1621 
1622 static struct sort_dimension migrate_type_sort_dimension = {
1623 	.name	= "migtype",
1624 	.cmp	= migrate_type_cmp,
1625 };
1626 
1627 static int gfp_flags_cmp(void *a, void *b)
1628 {
1629 	struct page_stat *l = a;
1630 	struct page_stat *r = b;
1631 
1632 	/* for internal use to find free'd page */
1633 	if (l->gfp_flags == -1U)
1634 		return 0;
1635 
1636 	if (l->gfp_flags < r->gfp_flags)
1637 		return -1;
1638 	else if (l->gfp_flags > r->gfp_flags)
1639 		return 1;
1640 	return 0;
1641 }
1642 
1643 static struct sort_dimension gfp_flags_sort_dimension = {
1644 	.name	= "gfp",
1645 	.cmp	= gfp_flags_cmp,
1646 };
1647 
1648 static struct sort_dimension *slab_sorts[] = {
1649 	&ptr_sort_dimension,
1650 	&callsite_sort_dimension,
1651 	&hit_sort_dimension,
1652 	&bytes_sort_dimension,
1653 	&frag_sort_dimension,
1654 	&pingpong_sort_dimension,
1655 };
1656 
1657 static struct sort_dimension *page_sorts[] = {
1658 	&page_sort_dimension,
1659 	&page_callsite_sort_dimension,
1660 	&page_hit_sort_dimension,
1661 	&page_bytes_sort_dimension,
1662 	&page_order_sort_dimension,
1663 	&migrate_type_sort_dimension,
1664 	&gfp_flags_sort_dimension,
1665 };
1666 
1667 static int slab_sort_dimension__add(const char *tok, struct list_head *list)
1668 {
1669 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
1670 	int i;
1671 
1672 	for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(slab_sorts); i++) {
1673 		if (!strcmp(slab_sorts[i]->name, tok)) {
1674 			sort = memdup(slab_sorts[i], sizeof(*slab_sorts[i]));
1675 			if (!sort) {
1676 				pr_err("%s: memdup failed\n", __func__);
1677 				return -1;
1678 			}
1679 			list_add_tail(&sort->list, list);
1680 			return 0;
1681 		}
1682 	}
1683 
1684 	return -1;
1685 }
1686 
1687 static int page_sort_dimension__add(const char *tok, struct list_head *list)
1688 {
1689 	struct sort_dimension *sort;
1690 	int i;
1691 
1692 	for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(page_sorts); i++) {
1693 		if (!strcmp(page_sorts[i]->name, tok)) {
1694 			sort = memdup(page_sorts[i], sizeof(*page_sorts[i]));
1695 			if (!sort) {
1696 				pr_err("%s: memdup failed\n", __func__);
1697 				return -1;
1698 			}
1699 			list_add_tail(&sort->list, list);
1700 			return 0;
1701 		}
1702 	}
1703 
1704 	return -1;
1705 }
1706 
1707 static int setup_slab_sorting(struct list_head *sort_list, const char *arg)
1708 {
1709 	char *tok;
1710 	char *str = strdup(arg);
1711 	char *pos = str;
1712 
1713 	if (!str) {
1714 		pr_err("%s: strdup failed\n", __func__);
1715 		return -1;
1716 	}
1717 
1718 	while (true) {
1719 		tok = strsep(&pos, ",");
1720 		if (!tok)
1721 			break;
1722 		if (slab_sort_dimension__add(tok, sort_list) < 0) {
1723 			pr_err("Unknown slab --sort key: '%s'", tok);
1724 			free(str);
1725 			return -1;
1726 		}
1727 	}
1728 
1729 	free(str);
1730 	return 0;
1731 }
1732 
1733 static int setup_page_sorting(struct list_head *sort_list, const char *arg)
1734 {
1735 	char *tok;
1736 	char *str = strdup(arg);
1737 	char *pos = str;
1738 
1739 	if (!str) {
1740 		pr_err("%s: strdup failed\n", __func__);
1741 		return -1;
1742 	}
1743 
1744 	while (true) {
1745 		tok = strsep(&pos, ",");
1746 		if (!tok)
1747 			break;
1748 		if (page_sort_dimension__add(tok, sort_list) < 0) {
1749 			pr_err("Unknown page --sort key: '%s'", tok);
1750 			free(str);
1751 			return -1;
1752 		}
1753 	}
1754 
1755 	free(str);
1756 	return 0;
1757 }
1758 
1759 static int parse_sort_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1760 			  const char *arg, int unset __maybe_unused)
1761 {
1762 	if (!arg)
1763 		return -1;
1764 
1765 	if (kmem_page > kmem_slab ||
1766 	    (kmem_page == 0 && kmem_slab == 0 && kmem_default == KMEM_PAGE)) {
1767 		if (caller_flag > alloc_flag)
1768 			return setup_page_sorting(&page_caller_sort, arg);
1769 		else
1770 			return setup_page_sorting(&page_alloc_sort, arg);
1771 	} else {
1772 		if (caller_flag > alloc_flag)
1773 			return setup_slab_sorting(&slab_caller_sort, arg);
1774 		else
1775 			return setup_slab_sorting(&slab_alloc_sort, arg);
1776 	}
1777 
1778 	return 0;
1779 }
1780 
1781 static int parse_caller_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1782 			    const char *arg __maybe_unused,
1783 			    int unset __maybe_unused)
1784 {
1785 	caller_flag = (alloc_flag + 1);
1786 	return 0;
1787 }
1788 
1789 static int parse_alloc_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1790 			   const char *arg __maybe_unused,
1791 			   int unset __maybe_unused)
1792 {
1793 	alloc_flag = (caller_flag + 1);
1794 	return 0;
1795 }
1796 
1797 static int parse_slab_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1798 			  const char *arg __maybe_unused,
1799 			  int unset __maybe_unused)
1800 {
1801 	kmem_slab = (kmem_page + 1);
1802 	return 0;
1803 }
1804 
1805 static int parse_page_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1806 			  const char *arg __maybe_unused,
1807 			  int unset __maybe_unused)
1808 {
1809 	kmem_page = (kmem_slab + 1);
1810 	return 0;
1811 }
1812 
1813 static int parse_line_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1814 			  const char *arg, int unset __maybe_unused)
1815 {
1816 	int lines;
1817 
1818 	if (!arg)
1819 		return -1;
1820 
1821 	lines = strtoul(arg, NULL, 10);
1822 
1823 	if (caller_flag > alloc_flag)
1824 		caller_lines = lines;
1825 	else
1826 		alloc_lines = lines;
1827 
1828 	return 0;
1829 }
1830 
1831 static int __cmd_record(int argc, const char **argv)
1832 {
1833 	const char * const record_args[] = {
1834 	"record", "-a", "-R", "-c", "1",
1835 	};
1836 	const char * const slab_events[] = {
1837 	"-e", "kmem:kmalloc",
1838 	"-e", "kmem:kmalloc_node",
1839 	"-e", "kmem:kfree",
1840 	"-e", "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc",
1841 	"-e", "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc_node",
1842 	"-e", "kmem:kmem_cache_free",
1843 	};
1844 	const char * const page_events[] = {
1845 	"-e", "kmem:mm_page_alloc",
1846 	"-e", "kmem:mm_page_free",
1847 	};
1848 	unsigned int rec_argc, i, j;
1849 	const char **rec_argv;
1850 
1851 	rec_argc = ARRAY_SIZE(record_args) + argc - 1;
1852 	if (kmem_slab)
1853 		rec_argc += ARRAY_SIZE(slab_events);
1854 	if (kmem_page)
1855 		rec_argc += ARRAY_SIZE(page_events) + 1; /* for -g */
1856 
1857 	rec_argv = calloc(rec_argc + 1, sizeof(char *));
1858 
1859 	if (rec_argv == NULL)
1860 		return -ENOMEM;
1861 
1862 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(record_args); i++)
1863 		rec_argv[i] = strdup(record_args[i]);
1864 
1865 	if (kmem_slab) {
1866 		for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(slab_events); j++, i++)
1867 			rec_argv[i] = strdup(slab_events[j]);
1868 	}
1869 	if (kmem_page) {
1870 		rec_argv[i++] = strdup("-g");
1871 
1872 		for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(page_events); j++, i++)
1873 			rec_argv[i] = strdup(page_events[j]);
1874 	}
1875 
1876 	for (j = 1; j < (unsigned int)argc; j++, i++)
1877 		rec_argv[i] = argv[j];
1878 
1879 	return cmd_record(i, rec_argv);
1880 }
1881 
1882 static int kmem_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb __maybe_unused)
1883 {
1884 	if (!strcmp(var, "kmem.default")) {
1885 		if (!strcmp(value, "slab"))
1886 			kmem_default = KMEM_SLAB;
1887 		else if (!strcmp(value, "page"))
1888 			kmem_default = KMEM_PAGE;
1889 		else
1890 			pr_err("invalid default value ('slab' or 'page' required): %s\n",
1891 			       value);
1892 		return 0;
1893 	}
1894 
1895 	return 0;
1896 }
1897 
1898 int cmd_kmem(int argc, const char **argv)
1899 {
1900 	const char * const default_slab_sort = "frag,hit,bytes";
1901 	const char * const default_page_sort = "bytes,hit";
1902 	struct perf_data data = {
1903 		.mode = PERF_DATA_MODE_READ,
1904 	};
1905 	const struct option kmem_options[] = {
1906 	OPT_STRING('i', "input", &input_name, "file", "input file name"),
1907 	OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
1908 		    "be more verbose (show symbol address, etc)"),
1909 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "caller", NULL, NULL,
1910 			   "show per-callsite statistics", parse_caller_opt),
1911 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "alloc", NULL, NULL,
1912 			   "show per-allocation statistics", parse_alloc_opt),
1913 	OPT_CALLBACK('s', "sort", NULL, "key[,key2...]",
1914 		     "sort by keys: ptr, callsite, bytes, hit, pingpong, frag, "
1915 		     "page, order, migtype, gfp", parse_sort_opt),
1916 	OPT_CALLBACK('l', "line", NULL, "num", "show n lines", parse_line_opt),
1917 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "raw-ip", &raw_ip, "show raw ip instead of symbol"),
1918 	OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &data.force, "don't complain, do it"),
1919 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "slab", NULL, NULL, "Analyze slab allocator",
1920 			   parse_slab_opt),
1921 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "page", NULL, NULL, "Analyze page allocator",
1922 			   parse_page_opt),
1923 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "live", &live_page, "Show live page stat"),
1924 	OPT_STRING(0, "time", &time_str, "str",
1925 		   "Time span of interest (start,stop)"),
1926 	OPT_END()
1927 	};
1928 	const char *const kmem_subcommands[] = { "record", "stat", NULL };
1929 	const char *kmem_usage[] = {
1930 		NULL,
1931 		NULL
1932 	};
1933 	struct perf_session *session;
1934 	static const char errmsg[] = "No %s allocation events found.  Have you run 'perf kmem record --%s'?\n";
1935 	int ret = perf_config(kmem_config, NULL);
1936 
1937 	if (ret)
1938 		return ret;
1939 
1940 	argc = parse_options_subcommand(argc, argv, kmem_options,
1941 					kmem_subcommands, kmem_usage, 0);
1942 
1943 	if (!argc)
1944 		usage_with_options(kmem_usage, kmem_options);
1945 
1946 	if (kmem_slab == 0 && kmem_page == 0) {
1947 		if (kmem_default == KMEM_SLAB)
1948 			kmem_slab = 1;
1949 		else
1950 			kmem_page = 1;
1951 	}
1952 
1953 	if (!strncmp(argv[0], "rec", 3)) {
1954 		symbol__init(NULL);
1955 		return __cmd_record(argc, argv);
1956 	}
1957 
1958 	data.path = input_name;
1959 
1960 	kmem_session = session = perf_session__new(&data, false, &perf_kmem);
1961 	if (IS_ERR(session))
1962 		return PTR_ERR(session);
1963 
1964 	ret = -1;
1965 
1966 	if (kmem_slab) {
1967 		if (!perf_evlist__find_tracepoint_by_name(session->evlist,
1968 							  "kmem:kmalloc")) {
1969 			pr_err(errmsg, "slab", "slab");
1970 			goto out_delete;
1971 		}
1972 	}
1973 
1974 	if (kmem_page) {
1975 		struct evsel *evsel;
1976 
1977 		evsel = perf_evlist__find_tracepoint_by_name(session->evlist,
1978 							     "kmem:mm_page_alloc");
1979 		if (evsel == NULL) {
1980 			pr_err(errmsg, "page", "page");
1981 			goto out_delete;
1982 		}
1983 
1984 		kmem_page_size = tep_get_page_size(evsel->tp_format->tep);
1985 		symbol_conf.use_callchain = true;
1986 	}
1987 
1988 	symbol__init(&session->header.env);
1989 
1990 	if (perf_time__parse_str(&ptime, time_str) != 0) {
1991 		pr_err("Invalid time string\n");
1992 		ret = -EINVAL;
1993 		goto out_delete;
1994 	}
1995 
1996 	if (!strcmp(argv[0], "stat")) {
1997 		setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
1998 
1999 		if (cpu__setup_cpunode_map())
2000 			goto out_delete;
2001 
2002 		if (list_empty(&slab_caller_sort))
2003 			setup_slab_sorting(&slab_caller_sort, default_slab_sort);
2004 		if (list_empty(&slab_alloc_sort))
2005 			setup_slab_sorting(&slab_alloc_sort, default_slab_sort);
2006 		if (list_empty(&page_caller_sort))
2007 			setup_page_sorting(&page_caller_sort, default_page_sort);
2008 		if (list_empty(&page_alloc_sort))
2009 			setup_page_sorting(&page_alloc_sort, default_page_sort);
2010 
2011 		if (kmem_page) {
2012 			setup_page_sorting(&page_alloc_sort_input,
2013 					   "page,order,migtype,gfp");
2014 			setup_page_sorting(&page_caller_sort_input,
2015 					   "callsite,order,migtype,gfp");
2016 		}
2017 		ret = __cmd_kmem(session);
2018 	} else
2019 		usage_with_options(kmem_usage, kmem_options);
2020 
2021 out_delete:
2022 	perf_session__delete(session);
2023 
2024 	return ret;
2025 }
2026 
2027