xref: /openbmc/linux/tools/bpf/bpftool/map.c (revision d2574c33)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
2 /* Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Netronome Systems, Inc. */
3 
4 #include <assert.h>
5 #include <errno.h>
6 #include <fcntl.h>
7 #include <linux/err.h>
8 #include <linux/kernel.h>
9 #include <net/if.h>
10 #include <stdbool.h>
11 #include <stdio.h>
12 #include <stdlib.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <unistd.h>
15 #include <sys/types.h>
16 #include <sys/stat.h>
17 
18 #include <bpf.h>
19 
20 #include "btf.h"
21 #include "json_writer.h"
22 #include "main.h"
23 
24 const char * const map_type_name[] = {
25 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_UNSPEC]			= "unspec",
26 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH]			= "hash",
27 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY]			= "array",
28 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY]		= "prog_array",
29 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY]		= "perf_event_array",
30 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_HASH]		= "percpu_hash",
31 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY]		= "percpu_array",
32 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK_TRACE]		= "stack_trace",
33 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY]		= "cgroup_array",
34 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_HASH]			= "lru_hash",
35 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_PERCPU_HASH]		= "lru_percpu_hash",
36 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE]			= "lpm_trie",
37 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY_OF_MAPS]		= "array_of_maps",
38 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS]		= "hash_of_maps",
39 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP]			= "devmap",
40 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKMAP]			= "sockmap",
41 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_CPUMAP]			= "cpumap",
42 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_XSKMAP]			= "xskmap",
43 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKHASH]			= "sockhash",
44 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_STORAGE]		= "cgroup_storage",
45 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_REUSEPORT_SOCKARRAY]	= "reuseport_sockarray",
46 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_CGROUP_STORAGE]	= "percpu_cgroup_storage",
47 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_QUEUE]			= "queue",
48 	[BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK]			= "stack",
49 };
50 
51 const size_t map_type_name_size = ARRAY_SIZE(map_type_name);
52 
53 static bool map_is_per_cpu(__u32 type)
54 {
55 	return type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_HASH ||
56 	       type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY ||
57 	       type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_LRU_PERCPU_HASH ||
58 	       type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_CGROUP_STORAGE;
59 }
60 
61 static bool map_is_map_of_maps(__u32 type)
62 {
63 	return type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY_OF_MAPS ||
64 	       type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS;
65 }
66 
67 static bool map_is_map_of_progs(__u32 type)
68 {
69 	return type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY;
70 }
71 
72 static int map_type_from_str(const char *type)
73 {
74 	unsigned int i;
75 
76 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(map_type_name); i++)
77 		/* Don't allow prefixing in case of possible future shadowing */
78 		if (map_type_name[i] && !strcmp(map_type_name[i], type))
79 			return i;
80 	return -1;
81 }
82 
83 static void *alloc_value(struct bpf_map_info *info)
84 {
85 	if (map_is_per_cpu(info->type))
86 		return malloc(round_up(info->value_size, 8) *
87 			      get_possible_cpus());
88 	else
89 		return malloc(info->value_size);
90 }
91 
92 int map_parse_fd(int *argc, char ***argv)
93 {
94 	int fd;
95 
96 	if (is_prefix(**argv, "id")) {
97 		unsigned int id;
98 		char *endptr;
99 
100 		NEXT_ARGP();
101 
102 		id = strtoul(**argv, &endptr, 0);
103 		if (*endptr) {
104 			p_err("can't parse %s as ID", **argv);
105 			return -1;
106 		}
107 		NEXT_ARGP();
108 
109 		fd = bpf_map_get_fd_by_id(id);
110 		if (fd < 0)
111 			p_err("get map by id (%u): %s", id, strerror(errno));
112 		return fd;
113 	} else if (is_prefix(**argv, "pinned")) {
114 		char *path;
115 
116 		NEXT_ARGP();
117 
118 		path = **argv;
119 		NEXT_ARGP();
120 
121 		return open_obj_pinned_any(path, BPF_OBJ_MAP);
122 	}
123 
124 	p_err("expected 'id' or 'pinned', got: '%s'?", **argv);
125 	return -1;
126 }
127 
128 int map_parse_fd_and_info(int *argc, char ***argv, void *info, __u32 *info_len)
129 {
130 	int err;
131 	int fd;
132 
133 	fd = map_parse_fd(argc, argv);
134 	if (fd < 0)
135 		return -1;
136 
137 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, info, info_len);
138 	if (err) {
139 		p_err("can't get map info: %s", strerror(errno));
140 		close(fd);
141 		return err;
142 	}
143 
144 	return fd;
145 }
146 
147 static int do_dump_btf(const struct btf_dumper *d,
148 		       struct bpf_map_info *map_info, void *key,
149 		       void *value)
150 {
151 	int ret;
152 
153 	/* start of key-value pair */
154 	jsonw_start_object(d->jw);
155 
156 	jsonw_name(d->jw, "key");
157 
158 	ret = btf_dumper_type(d, map_info->btf_key_type_id, key);
159 	if (ret)
160 		goto err_end_obj;
161 
162 	if (!map_is_per_cpu(map_info->type)) {
163 		jsonw_name(d->jw, "value");
164 		ret = btf_dumper_type(d, map_info->btf_value_type_id, value);
165 	} else {
166 		unsigned int i, n, step;
167 
168 		jsonw_name(d->jw, "values");
169 		jsonw_start_array(d->jw);
170 		n = get_possible_cpus();
171 		step = round_up(map_info->value_size, 8);
172 		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
173 			jsonw_start_object(d->jw);
174 			jsonw_int_field(d->jw, "cpu", i);
175 			jsonw_name(d->jw, "value");
176 			ret = btf_dumper_type(d, map_info->btf_value_type_id,
177 					      value + i * step);
178 			jsonw_end_object(d->jw);
179 			if (ret)
180 				break;
181 		}
182 		jsonw_end_array(d->jw);
183 	}
184 
185 err_end_obj:
186 	/* end of key-value pair */
187 	jsonw_end_object(d->jw);
188 
189 	return ret;
190 }
191 
192 static json_writer_t *get_btf_writer(void)
193 {
194 	json_writer_t *jw = jsonw_new(stdout);
195 
196 	if (!jw)
197 		return NULL;
198 	jsonw_pretty(jw, true);
199 
200 	return jw;
201 }
202 
203 static void print_entry_json(struct bpf_map_info *info, unsigned char *key,
204 			     unsigned char *value, struct btf *btf)
205 {
206 	jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
207 
208 	if (!map_is_per_cpu(info->type)) {
209 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "key");
210 		print_hex_data_json(key, info->key_size);
211 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "value");
212 		print_hex_data_json(value, info->value_size);
213 		if (btf) {
214 			struct btf_dumper d = {
215 				.btf = btf,
216 				.jw = json_wtr,
217 				.is_plain_text = false,
218 			};
219 
220 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, "formatted");
221 			do_dump_btf(&d, info, key, value);
222 		}
223 	} else {
224 		unsigned int i, n, step;
225 
226 		n = get_possible_cpus();
227 		step = round_up(info->value_size, 8);
228 
229 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "key");
230 		print_hex_data_json(key, info->key_size);
231 
232 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "values");
233 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
234 		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
235 			jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
236 
237 			jsonw_int_field(json_wtr, "cpu", i);
238 
239 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, "value");
240 			print_hex_data_json(value + i * step,
241 					    info->value_size);
242 
243 			jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
244 		}
245 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
246 		if (btf) {
247 			struct btf_dumper d = {
248 				.btf = btf,
249 				.jw = json_wtr,
250 				.is_plain_text = false,
251 			};
252 
253 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, "formatted");
254 			do_dump_btf(&d, info, key, value);
255 		}
256 	}
257 
258 	jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
259 }
260 
261 static void print_entry_error(struct bpf_map_info *info, unsigned char *key,
262 			      const char *value)
263 {
264 	int value_size = strlen(value);
265 	bool single_line, break_names;
266 
267 	break_names = info->key_size > 16 || value_size > 16;
268 	single_line = info->key_size + value_size <= 24 && !break_names;
269 
270 	printf("key:%c", break_names ? '\n' : ' ');
271 	fprint_hex(stdout, key, info->key_size, " ");
272 
273 	printf(single_line ? "  " : "\n");
274 
275 	printf("value:%c%s", break_names ? '\n' : ' ', value);
276 
277 	printf("\n");
278 }
279 
280 static void print_entry_plain(struct bpf_map_info *info, unsigned char *key,
281 			      unsigned char *value)
282 {
283 	if (!map_is_per_cpu(info->type)) {
284 		bool single_line, break_names;
285 
286 		break_names = info->key_size > 16 || info->value_size > 16;
287 		single_line = info->key_size + info->value_size <= 24 &&
288 			!break_names;
289 
290 		if (info->key_size) {
291 			printf("key:%c", break_names ? '\n' : ' ');
292 			fprint_hex(stdout, key, info->key_size, " ");
293 
294 			printf(single_line ? "  " : "\n");
295 		}
296 
297 		if (info->value_size) {
298 			printf("value:%c", break_names ? '\n' : ' ');
299 			if (value)
300 				fprint_hex(stdout, value, info->value_size,
301 					   " ");
302 			else
303 				printf("<no entry>");
304 		}
305 
306 		printf("\n");
307 	} else {
308 		unsigned int i, n, step;
309 
310 		n = get_possible_cpus();
311 		step = round_up(info->value_size, 8);
312 
313 		if (info->key_size) {
314 			printf("key:\n");
315 			fprint_hex(stdout, key, info->key_size, " ");
316 			printf("\n");
317 		}
318 		if (info->value_size) {
319 			for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
320 				printf("value (CPU %02d):%c",
321 				       i, info->value_size > 16 ? '\n' : ' ');
322 				if (value)
323 					fprint_hex(stdout, value + i * step,
324 						   info->value_size, " ");
325 				else
326 					printf("<no entry>");
327 				printf("\n");
328 			}
329 		}
330 	}
331 }
332 
333 static char **parse_bytes(char **argv, const char *name, unsigned char *val,
334 			  unsigned int n)
335 {
336 	unsigned int i = 0, base = 0;
337 	char *endptr;
338 
339 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "hex")) {
340 		base = 16;
341 		argv++;
342 	}
343 
344 	while (i < n && argv[i]) {
345 		val[i] = strtoul(argv[i], &endptr, base);
346 		if (*endptr) {
347 			p_err("error parsing byte: %s", argv[i]);
348 			return NULL;
349 		}
350 		i++;
351 	}
352 
353 	if (i != n) {
354 		p_err("%s expected %d bytes got %d", name, n, i);
355 		return NULL;
356 	}
357 
358 	return argv + i;
359 }
360 
361 /* on per cpu maps we must copy the provided value on all value instances */
362 static void fill_per_cpu_value(struct bpf_map_info *info, void *value)
363 {
364 	unsigned int i, n, step;
365 
366 	if (!map_is_per_cpu(info->type))
367 		return;
368 
369 	n = get_possible_cpus();
370 	step = round_up(info->value_size, 8);
371 	for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
372 		memcpy(value + i * step, value, info->value_size);
373 }
374 
375 static int parse_elem(char **argv, struct bpf_map_info *info,
376 		      void *key, void *value, __u32 key_size, __u32 value_size,
377 		      __u32 *flags, __u32 **value_fd)
378 {
379 	if (!*argv) {
380 		if (!key && !value)
381 			return 0;
382 		p_err("did not find %s", key ? "key" : "value");
383 		return -1;
384 	}
385 
386 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "key")) {
387 		if (!key) {
388 			if (key_size)
389 				p_err("duplicate key");
390 			else
391 				p_err("unnecessary key");
392 			return -1;
393 		}
394 
395 		argv = parse_bytes(argv + 1, "key", key, key_size);
396 		if (!argv)
397 			return -1;
398 
399 		return parse_elem(argv, info, NULL, value, key_size, value_size,
400 				  flags, value_fd);
401 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "value")) {
402 		int fd;
403 
404 		if (!value) {
405 			if (value_size)
406 				p_err("duplicate value");
407 			else
408 				p_err("unnecessary value");
409 			return -1;
410 		}
411 
412 		argv++;
413 
414 		if (map_is_map_of_maps(info->type)) {
415 			int argc = 2;
416 
417 			if (value_size != 4) {
418 				p_err("value smaller than 4B for map in map?");
419 				return -1;
420 			}
421 			if (!argv[0] || !argv[1]) {
422 				p_err("not enough value arguments for map in map");
423 				return -1;
424 			}
425 
426 			fd = map_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
427 			if (fd < 0)
428 				return -1;
429 
430 			*value_fd = value;
431 			**value_fd = fd;
432 		} else if (map_is_map_of_progs(info->type)) {
433 			int argc = 2;
434 
435 			if (value_size != 4) {
436 				p_err("value smaller than 4B for map of progs?");
437 				return -1;
438 			}
439 			if (!argv[0] || !argv[1]) {
440 				p_err("not enough value arguments for map of progs");
441 				return -1;
442 			}
443 			if (is_prefix(*argv, "id"))
444 				p_info("Warning: updating program array via MAP_ID, make sure this map is kept open\n"
445 				       "         by some process or pinned otherwise update will be lost");
446 
447 			fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
448 			if (fd < 0)
449 				return -1;
450 
451 			*value_fd = value;
452 			**value_fd = fd;
453 		} else {
454 			argv = parse_bytes(argv, "value", value, value_size);
455 			if (!argv)
456 				return -1;
457 
458 			fill_per_cpu_value(info, value);
459 		}
460 
461 		return parse_elem(argv, info, key, NULL, key_size, value_size,
462 				  flags, NULL);
463 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "any") || is_prefix(*argv, "noexist") ||
464 		   is_prefix(*argv, "exist")) {
465 		if (!flags) {
466 			p_err("flags specified multiple times: %s", *argv);
467 			return -1;
468 		}
469 
470 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "any"))
471 			*flags = BPF_ANY;
472 		else if (is_prefix(*argv, "noexist"))
473 			*flags = BPF_NOEXIST;
474 		else if (is_prefix(*argv, "exist"))
475 			*flags = BPF_EXIST;
476 
477 		return parse_elem(argv + 1, info, key, value, key_size,
478 				  value_size, NULL, value_fd);
479 	}
480 
481 	p_err("expected key or value, got: %s", *argv);
482 	return -1;
483 }
484 
485 static int show_map_close_json(int fd, struct bpf_map_info *info)
486 {
487 	char *memlock;
488 
489 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
490 
491 	jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
492 
493 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "id", info->id);
494 	if (info->type < ARRAY_SIZE(map_type_name))
495 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "type",
496 				   map_type_name[info->type]);
497 	else
498 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "type", info->type);
499 
500 	if (*info->name)
501 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "name", info->name);
502 
503 	jsonw_name(json_wtr, "flags");
504 	jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "%d", info->map_flags);
505 
506 	print_dev_json(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
507 
508 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_key", info->key_size);
509 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_value", info->value_size);
510 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "max_entries", info->max_entries);
511 
512 	if (memlock)
513 		jsonw_int_field(json_wtr, "bytes_memlock", atoi(memlock));
514 	free(memlock);
515 
516 	if (info->type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY) {
517 		char *owner_prog_type = get_fdinfo(fd, "owner_prog_type");
518 		char *owner_jited = get_fdinfo(fd, "owner_jited");
519 
520 		if (owner_prog_type) {
521 			unsigned int prog_type = atoi(owner_prog_type);
522 
523 			if (prog_type < ARRAY_SIZE(prog_type_name))
524 				jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "owner_prog_type",
525 						   prog_type_name[prog_type]);
526 			else
527 				jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "owner_prog_type",
528 						 prog_type);
529 		}
530 		if (owner_jited)
531 			jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "owner_jited",
532 					 !!atoi(owner_jited));
533 
534 		free(owner_prog_type);
535 		free(owner_jited);
536 	}
537 	close(fd);
538 
539 	if (!hash_empty(map_table.table)) {
540 		struct pinned_obj *obj;
541 
542 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "pinned");
543 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
544 		hash_for_each_possible(map_table.table, obj, hash, info->id) {
545 			if (obj->id == info->id)
546 				jsonw_string(json_wtr, obj->path);
547 		}
548 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
549 	}
550 
551 	jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
552 
553 	return 0;
554 }
555 
556 static int show_map_close_plain(int fd, struct bpf_map_info *info)
557 {
558 	char *memlock;
559 
560 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
561 
562 	printf("%u: ", info->id);
563 	if (info->type < ARRAY_SIZE(map_type_name))
564 		printf("%s  ", map_type_name[info->type]);
565 	else
566 		printf("type %u  ", info->type);
567 
568 	if (*info->name)
569 		printf("name %s  ", info->name);
570 
571 	printf("flags 0x%x", info->map_flags);
572 	print_dev_plain(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
573 	printf("\n");
574 	printf("\tkey %uB  value %uB  max_entries %u",
575 	       info->key_size, info->value_size, info->max_entries);
576 
577 	if (memlock)
578 		printf("  memlock %sB", memlock);
579 	free(memlock);
580 
581 	if (info->type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY) {
582 		char *owner_prog_type = get_fdinfo(fd, "owner_prog_type");
583 		char *owner_jited = get_fdinfo(fd, "owner_jited");
584 
585 		if (owner_prog_type || owner_jited)
586 			printf("\n\t");
587 		if (owner_prog_type) {
588 			unsigned int prog_type = atoi(owner_prog_type);
589 
590 			if (prog_type < ARRAY_SIZE(prog_type_name))
591 				printf("owner_prog_type %s  ",
592 				       prog_type_name[prog_type]);
593 			else
594 				printf("owner_prog_type %d  ", prog_type);
595 		}
596 		if (owner_jited)
597 			printf("owner%s jited",
598 			       atoi(owner_jited) ? "" : " not");
599 
600 		free(owner_prog_type);
601 		free(owner_jited);
602 	}
603 	close(fd);
604 
605 	printf("\n");
606 	if (!hash_empty(map_table.table)) {
607 		struct pinned_obj *obj;
608 
609 		hash_for_each_possible(map_table.table, obj, hash, info->id) {
610 			if (obj->id == info->id)
611 				printf("\tpinned %s\n", obj->path);
612 		}
613 	}
614 	return 0;
615 }
616 
617 static int do_show(int argc, char **argv)
618 {
619 	struct bpf_map_info info = {};
620 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
621 	__u32 id = 0;
622 	int err;
623 	int fd;
624 
625 	if (show_pinned)
626 		build_pinned_obj_table(&map_table, BPF_OBJ_MAP);
627 
628 	if (argc == 2) {
629 		fd = map_parse_fd_and_info(&argc, &argv, &info, &len);
630 		if (fd < 0)
631 			return -1;
632 
633 		if (json_output)
634 			return show_map_close_json(fd, &info);
635 		else
636 			return show_map_close_plain(fd, &info);
637 	}
638 
639 	if (argc)
640 		return BAD_ARG();
641 
642 	if (json_output)
643 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
644 	while (true) {
645 		err = bpf_map_get_next_id(id, &id);
646 		if (err) {
647 			if (errno == ENOENT)
648 				break;
649 			p_err("can't get next map: %s%s", strerror(errno),
650 			      errno == EINVAL ? " -- kernel too old?" : "");
651 			break;
652 		}
653 
654 		fd = bpf_map_get_fd_by_id(id);
655 		if (fd < 0) {
656 			if (errno == ENOENT)
657 				continue;
658 			p_err("can't get map by id (%u): %s",
659 			      id, strerror(errno));
660 			break;
661 		}
662 
663 		err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
664 		if (err) {
665 			p_err("can't get map info: %s", strerror(errno));
666 			close(fd);
667 			break;
668 		}
669 
670 		if (json_output)
671 			show_map_close_json(fd, &info);
672 		else
673 			show_map_close_plain(fd, &info);
674 	}
675 	if (json_output)
676 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
677 
678 	return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -1;
679 }
680 
681 static int dump_map_elem(int fd, void *key, void *value,
682 			 struct bpf_map_info *map_info, struct btf *btf,
683 			 json_writer_t *btf_wtr)
684 {
685 	int num_elems = 0;
686 	int lookup_errno;
687 
688 	if (!bpf_map_lookup_elem(fd, key, value)) {
689 		if (json_output) {
690 			print_entry_json(map_info, key, value, btf);
691 		} else {
692 			if (btf) {
693 				struct btf_dumper d = {
694 					.btf = btf,
695 					.jw = btf_wtr,
696 					.is_plain_text = true,
697 				};
698 
699 				do_dump_btf(&d, map_info, key, value);
700 			} else {
701 				print_entry_plain(map_info, key, value);
702 			}
703 			num_elems++;
704 		}
705 		return num_elems;
706 	}
707 
708 	/* lookup error handling */
709 	lookup_errno = errno;
710 
711 	if (map_is_map_of_maps(map_info->type) ||
712 	    map_is_map_of_progs(map_info->type))
713 		return 0;
714 
715 	if (json_output) {
716 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "key");
717 		print_hex_data_json(key, map_info->key_size);
718 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "value");
719 		jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
720 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "error", strerror(lookup_errno));
721 		jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
722 	} else {
723 		if (errno == ENOENT)
724 			print_entry_plain(map_info, key, NULL);
725 		else
726 			print_entry_error(map_info, key,
727 					  strerror(lookup_errno));
728 	}
729 
730 	return 0;
731 }
732 
733 static int do_dump(int argc, char **argv)
734 {
735 	struct bpf_map_info info = {};
736 	void *key, *value, *prev_key;
737 	unsigned int num_elems = 0;
738 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
739 	json_writer_t *btf_wtr;
740 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
741 	int err;
742 	int fd;
743 
744 	if (argc != 2)
745 		usage();
746 
747 	fd = map_parse_fd_and_info(&argc, &argv, &info, &len);
748 	if (fd < 0)
749 		return -1;
750 
751 	key = malloc(info.key_size);
752 	value = alloc_value(&info);
753 	if (!key || !value) {
754 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
755 		err = -1;
756 		goto exit_free;
757 	}
758 
759 	prev_key = NULL;
760 
761 	err = btf__get_from_id(info.btf_id, &btf);
762 	if (err) {
763 		p_err("failed to get btf");
764 		goto exit_free;
765 	}
766 
767 	if (json_output)
768 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
769 	else
770 		if (btf) {
771 			btf_wtr = get_btf_writer();
772 			if (!btf_wtr) {
773 				p_info("failed to create json writer for btf. falling back to plain output");
774 				btf__free(btf);
775 				btf = NULL;
776 			} else {
777 				jsonw_start_array(btf_wtr);
778 			}
779 		}
780 
781 	while (true) {
782 		err = bpf_map_get_next_key(fd, prev_key, key);
783 		if (err) {
784 			if (errno == ENOENT)
785 				err = 0;
786 			break;
787 		}
788 		num_elems += dump_map_elem(fd, key, value, &info, btf, btf_wtr);
789 		prev_key = key;
790 	}
791 
792 	if (json_output)
793 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
794 	else if (btf) {
795 		jsonw_end_array(btf_wtr);
796 		jsonw_destroy(&btf_wtr);
797 	} else {
798 		printf("Found %u element%s\n", num_elems,
799 		       num_elems != 1 ? "s" : "");
800 	}
801 
802 exit_free:
803 	free(key);
804 	free(value);
805 	close(fd);
806 	btf__free(btf);
807 
808 	return err;
809 }
810 
811 static int alloc_key_value(struct bpf_map_info *info, void **key, void **value)
812 {
813 	*key = NULL;
814 	*value = NULL;
815 
816 	if (info->key_size) {
817 		*key = malloc(info->key_size);
818 		if (!*key) {
819 			p_err("key mem alloc failed");
820 			return -1;
821 		}
822 	}
823 
824 	if (info->value_size) {
825 		*value = alloc_value(info);
826 		if (!*value) {
827 			p_err("value mem alloc failed");
828 			free(*key);
829 			*key = NULL;
830 			return -1;
831 		}
832 	}
833 
834 	return 0;
835 }
836 
837 static int do_update(int argc, char **argv)
838 {
839 	struct bpf_map_info info = {};
840 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
841 	__u32 *value_fd = NULL;
842 	__u32 flags = BPF_ANY;
843 	void *key, *value;
844 	int fd, err;
845 
846 	if (argc < 2)
847 		usage();
848 
849 	fd = map_parse_fd_and_info(&argc, &argv, &info, &len);
850 	if (fd < 0)
851 		return -1;
852 
853 	err = alloc_key_value(&info, &key, &value);
854 	if (err)
855 		goto exit_free;
856 
857 	err = parse_elem(argv, &info, key, value, info.key_size,
858 			 info.value_size, &flags, &value_fd);
859 	if (err)
860 		goto exit_free;
861 
862 	err = bpf_map_update_elem(fd, key, value, flags);
863 	if (err) {
864 		p_err("update failed: %s", strerror(errno));
865 		goto exit_free;
866 	}
867 
868 exit_free:
869 	if (value_fd)
870 		close(*value_fd);
871 	free(key);
872 	free(value);
873 	close(fd);
874 
875 	if (!err && json_output)
876 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
877 	return err;
878 }
879 
880 static void print_key_value(struct bpf_map_info *info, void *key,
881 			    void *value)
882 {
883 	json_writer_t *btf_wtr;
884 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
885 	int err;
886 
887 	err = btf__get_from_id(info->btf_id, &btf);
888 	if (err) {
889 		p_err("failed to get btf");
890 		return;
891 	}
892 
893 	if (json_output) {
894 		print_entry_json(info, key, value, btf);
895 	} else if (btf) {
896 		/* if here json_wtr wouldn't have been initialised,
897 		 * so let's create separate writer for btf
898 		 */
899 		btf_wtr = get_btf_writer();
900 		if (!btf_wtr) {
901 			p_info("failed to create json writer for btf. falling back to plain output");
902 			btf__free(btf);
903 			btf = NULL;
904 			print_entry_plain(info, key, value);
905 		} else {
906 			struct btf_dumper d = {
907 				.btf = btf,
908 				.jw = btf_wtr,
909 				.is_plain_text = true,
910 			};
911 
912 			do_dump_btf(&d, info, key, value);
913 			jsonw_destroy(&btf_wtr);
914 		}
915 	} else {
916 		print_entry_plain(info, key, value);
917 	}
918 	btf__free(btf);
919 }
920 
921 static int do_lookup(int argc, char **argv)
922 {
923 	struct bpf_map_info info = {};
924 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
925 	void *key, *value;
926 	int err;
927 	int fd;
928 
929 	if (argc < 2)
930 		usage();
931 
932 	fd = map_parse_fd_and_info(&argc, &argv, &info, &len);
933 	if (fd < 0)
934 		return -1;
935 
936 	err = alloc_key_value(&info, &key, &value);
937 	if (err)
938 		goto exit_free;
939 
940 	err = parse_elem(argv, &info, key, NULL, info.key_size, 0, NULL, NULL);
941 	if (err)
942 		goto exit_free;
943 
944 	err = bpf_map_lookup_elem(fd, key, value);
945 	if (err) {
946 		if (errno == ENOENT) {
947 			if (json_output) {
948 				jsonw_null(json_wtr);
949 			} else {
950 				printf("key:\n");
951 				fprint_hex(stdout, key, info.key_size, " ");
952 				printf("\n\nNot found\n");
953 			}
954 		} else {
955 			p_err("lookup failed: %s", strerror(errno));
956 		}
957 
958 		goto exit_free;
959 	}
960 
961 	/* here means bpf_map_lookup_elem() succeeded */
962 	print_key_value(&info, key, value);
963 
964 exit_free:
965 	free(key);
966 	free(value);
967 	close(fd);
968 
969 	return err;
970 }
971 
972 static int do_getnext(int argc, char **argv)
973 {
974 	struct bpf_map_info info = {};
975 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
976 	void *key, *nextkey;
977 	int err;
978 	int fd;
979 
980 	if (argc < 2)
981 		usage();
982 
983 	fd = map_parse_fd_and_info(&argc, &argv, &info, &len);
984 	if (fd < 0)
985 		return -1;
986 
987 	key = malloc(info.key_size);
988 	nextkey = malloc(info.key_size);
989 	if (!key || !nextkey) {
990 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
991 		err = -1;
992 		goto exit_free;
993 	}
994 
995 	if (argc) {
996 		err = parse_elem(argv, &info, key, NULL, info.key_size, 0,
997 				 NULL, NULL);
998 		if (err)
999 			goto exit_free;
1000 	} else {
1001 		free(key);
1002 		key = NULL;
1003 	}
1004 
1005 	err = bpf_map_get_next_key(fd, key, nextkey);
1006 	if (err) {
1007 		p_err("can't get next key: %s", strerror(errno));
1008 		goto exit_free;
1009 	}
1010 
1011 	if (json_output) {
1012 		jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
1013 		if (key) {
1014 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, "key");
1015 			print_hex_data_json(key, info.key_size);
1016 		} else {
1017 			jsonw_null_field(json_wtr, "key");
1018 		}
1019 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "next_key");
1020 		print_hex_data_json(nextkey, info.key_size);
1021 		jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
1022 	} else {
1023 		if (key) {
1024 			printf("key:\n");
1025 			fprint_hex(stdout, key, info.key_size, " ");
1026 			printf("\n");
1027 		} else {
1028 			printf("key: None\n");
1029 		}
1030 		printf("next key:\n");
1031 		fprint_hex(stdout, nextkey, info.key_size, " ");
1032 		printf("\n");
1033 	}
1034 
1035 exit_free:
1036 	free(nextkey);
1037 	free(key);
1038 	close(fd);
1039 
1040 	return err;
1041 }
1042 
1043 static int do_delete(int argc, char **argv)
1044 {
1045 	struct bpf_map_info info = {};
1046 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
1047 	void *key;
1048 	int err;
1049 	int fd;
1050 
1051 	if (argc < 2)
1052 		usage();
1053 
1054 	fd = map_parse_fd_and_info(&argc, &argv, &info, &len);
1055 	if (fd < 0)
1056 		return -1;
1057 
1058 	key = malloc(info.key_size);
1059 	if (!key) {
1060 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
1061 		err = -1;
1062 		goto exit_free;
1063 	}
1064 
1065 	err = parse_elem(argv, &info, key, NULL, info.key_size, 0, NULL, NULL);
1066 	if (err)
1067 		goto exit_free;
1068 
1069 	err = bpf_map_delete_elem(fd, key);
1070 	if (err)
1071 		p_err("delete failed: %s", strerror(errno));
1072 
1073 exit_free:
1074 	free(key);
1075 	close(fd);
1076 
1077 	if (!err && json_output)
1078 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1079 	return err;
1080 }
1081 
1082 static int do_pin(int argc, char **argv)
1083 {
1084 	int err;
1085 
1086 	err = do_pin_any(argc, argv, bpf_map_get_fd_by_id);
1087 	if (!err && json_output)
1088 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1089 	return err;
1090 }
1091 
1092 static int do_create(int argc, char **argv)
1093 {
1094 	struct bpf_create_map_attr attr = { NULL, };
1095 	const char *pinfile;
1096 	int err, fd;
1097 
1098 	if (!REQ_ARGS(7))
1099 		return -1;
1100 	pinfile = GET_ARG();
1101 
1102 	while (argc) {
1103 		if (!REQ_ARGS(2))
1104 			return -1;
1105 
1106 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "type")) {
1107 			NEXT_ARG();
1108 
1109 			if (attr.map_type) {
1110 				p_err("map type already specified");
1111 				return -1;
1112 			}
1113 
1114 			attr.map_type = map_type_from_str(*argv);
1115 			if ((int)attr.map_type < 0) {
1116 				p_err("unrecognized map type: %s", *argv);
1117 				return -1;
1118 			}
1119 			NEXT_ARG();
1120 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "name")) {
1121 			NEXT_ARG();
1122 			attr.name = GET_ARG();
1123 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "key")) {
1124 			if (parse_u32_arg(&argc, &argv, &attr.key_size,
1125 					  "key size"))
1126 				return -1;
1127 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "value")) {
1128 			if (parse_u32_arg(&argc, &argv, &attr.value_size,
1129 					  "value size"))
1130 				return -1;
1131 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "entries")) {
1132 			if (parse_u32_arg(&argc, &argv, &attr.max_entries,
1133 					  "max entries"))
1134 				return -1;
1135 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "flags")) {
1136 			if (parse_u32_arg(&argc, &argv, &attr.map_flags,
1137 					  "flags"))
1138 				return -1;
1139 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "dev")) {
1140 			NEXT_ARG();
1141 
1142 			if (attr.map_ifindex) {
1143 				p_err("offload device already specified");
1144 				return -1;
1145 			}
1146 
1147 			attr.map_ifindex = if_nametoindex(*argv);
1148 			if (!attr.map_ifindex) {
1149 				p_err("unrecognized netdevice '%s': %s",
1150 				      *argv, strerror(errno));
1151 				return -1;
1152 			}
1153 			NEXT_ARG();
1154 		}
1155 	}
1156 
1157 	if (!attr.name) {
1158 		p_err("map name not specified");
1159 		return -1;
1160 	}
1161 
1162 	set_max_rlimit();
1163 
1164 	fd = bpf_create_map_xattr(&attr);
1165 	if (fd < 0) {
1166 		p_err("map create failed: %s", strerror(errno));
1167 		return -1;
1168 	}
1169 
1170 	err = do_pin_fd(fd, pinfile);
1171 	close(fd);
1172 	if (err)
1173 		return err;
1174 
1175 	if (json_output)
1176 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1177 	return 0;
1178 }
1179 
1180 static int do_pop_dequeue(int argc, char **argv)
1181 {
1182 	struct bpf_map_info info = {};
1183 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
1184 	void *key, *value;
1185 	int err;
1186 	int fd;
1187 
1188 	if (argc < 2)
1189 		usage();
1190 
1191 	fd = map_parse_fd_and_info(&argc, &argv, &info, &len);
1192 	if (fd < 0)
1193 		return -1;
1194 
1195 	err = alloc_key_value(&info, &key, &value);
1196 	if (err)
1197 		goto exit_free;
1198 
1199 	err = bpf_map_lookup_and_delete_elem(fd, key, value);
1200 	if (err) {
1201 		if (errno == ENOENT) {
1202 			if (json_output)
1203 				jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1204 			else
1205 				printf("Error: empty map\n");
1206 		} else {
1207 			p_err("pop failed: %s", strerror(errno));
1208 		}
1209 
1210 		goto exit_free;
1211 	}
1212 
1213 	print_key_value(&info, key, value);
1214 
1215 exit_free:
1216 	free(key);
1217 	free(value);
1218 	close(fd);
1219 
1220 	return err;
1221 }
1222 
1223 static int do_help(int argc, char **argv)
1224 {
1225 	if (json_output) {
1226 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1227 		return 0;
1228 	}
1229 
1230 	fprintf(stderr,
1231 		"Usage: %s %s { show | list }   [MAP]\n"
1232 		"       %s %s create     FILE type TYPE key KEY_SIZE value VALUE_SIZE \\\n"
1233 		"                              entries MAX_ENTRIES name NAME [flags FLAGS] \\\n"
1234 		"                              [dev NAME]\n"
1235 		"       %s %s dump       MAP\n"
1236 		"       %s %s update     MAP [key DATA] [value VALUE] [UPDATE_FLAGS]\n"
1237 		"       %s %s lookup     MAP [key DATA]\n"
1238 		"       %s %s getnext    MAP [key DATA]\n"
1239 		"       %s %s delete     MAP  key DATA\n"
1240 		"       %s %s pin        MAP  FILE\n"
1241 		"       %s %s event_pipe MAP [cpu N index M]\n"
1242 		"       %s %s peek       MAP\n"
1243 		"       %s %s push       MAP value VALUE\n"
1244 		"       %s %s pop        MAP\n"
1245 		"       %s %s enqueue    MAP value VALUE\n"
1246 		"       %s %s dequeue    MAP\n"
1247 		"       %s %s help\n"
1248 		"\n"
1249 		"       " HELP_SPEC_MAP "\n"
1250 		"       DATA := { [hex] BYTES }\n"
1251 		"       " HELP_SPEC_PROGRAM "\n"
1252 		"       VALUE := { DATA | MAP | PROG }\n"
1253 		"       UPDATE_FLAGS := { any | exist | noexist }\n"
1254 		"       TYPE := { hash | array | prog_array | perf_event_array | percpu_hash |\n"
1255 		"                 percpu_array | stack_trace | cgroup_array | lru_hash |\n"
1256 		"                 lru_percpu_hash | lpm_trie | array_of_maps | hash_of_maps |\n"
1257 		"                 devmap | sockmap | cpumap | xskmap | sockhash |\n"
1258 		"                 cgroup_storage | reuseport_sockarray | percpu_cgroup_storage }\n"
1259 		"       " HELP_SPEC_OPTIONS "\n"
1260 		"",
1261 		bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2],
1262 		bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2],
1263 		bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2],
1264 		bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2],
1265 		bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2]);
1266 
1267 	return 0;
1268 }
1269 
1270 static const struct cmd cmds[] = {
1271 	{ "show",	do_show },
1272 	{ "list",	do_show },
1273 	{ "help",	do_help },
1274 	{ "dump",	do_dump },
1275 	{ "update",	do_update },
1276 	{ "lookup",	do_lookup },
1277 	{ "getnext",	do_getnext },
1278 	{ "delete",	do_delete },
1279 	{ "pin",	do_pin },
1280 	{ "event_pipe",	do_event_pipe },
1281 	{ "create",	do_create },
1282 	{ "peek",	do_lookup },
1283 	{ "push",	do_update },
1284 	{ "enqueue",	do_update },
1285 	{ "pop",	do_pop_dequeue },
1286 	{ "dequeue",	do_pop_dequeue },
1287 	{ 0 }
1288 };
1289 
1290 int do_map(int argc, char **argv)
1291 {
1292 	return cmd_select(cmds, argc, argv, do_help);
1293 }
1294