xref: /openbmc/linux/sound/usb/card.c (revision fb3bd914)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  *   (Tentative) USB Audio Driver for ALSA
4  *
5  *   Copyright (c) 2002 by Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
6  *
7  *   Many codes borrowed from audio.c by
8  *	    Alan Cox (alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk)
9  *	    Thomas Sailer (sailer@ife.ee.ethz.ch)
10  *
11  *   Audio Class 3.0 support by Ruslan Bilovol <ruslan.bilovol@gmail.com>
12  *
13  *  NOTES:
14  *
15  *   - the linked URBs would be preferred but not used so far because of
16  *     the instability of unlinking.
17  *   - type II is not supported properly.  there is no device which supports
18  *     this type *correctly*.  SB extigy looks as if it supports, but it's
19  *     indeed an AC3 stream packed in SPDIF frames (i.e. no real AC3 stream).
20  */
21 
22 
23 #include <linux/bitops.h>
24 #include <linux/init.h>
25 #include <linux/list.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/string.h>
28 #include <linux/ctype.h>
29 #include <linux/usb.h>
30 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
31 #include <linux/mutex.h>
32 #include <linux/usb/audio.h>
33 #include <linux/usb/audio-v2.h>
34 #include <linux/usb/audio-v3.h>
35 #include <linux/module.h>
36 
37 #include <sound/control.h>
38 #include <sound/core.h>
39 #include <sound/info.h>
40 #include <sound/pcm.h>
41 #include <sound/pcm_params.h>
42 #include <sound/initval.h>
43 
44 #include "usbaudio.h"
45 #include "card.h"
46 #include "midi.h"
47 #include "midi2.h"
48 #include "mixer.h"
49 #include "proc.h"
50 #include "quirks.h"
51 #include "endpoint.h"
52 #include "helper.h"
53 #include "pcm.h"
54 #include "format.h"
55 #include "power.h"
56 #include "stream.h"
57 #include "media.h"
58 
59 MODULE_AUTHOR("Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>");
60 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("USB Audio");
61 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
62 
63 static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
64 static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
65 static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP;/* Enable this card */
66 /* Vendor/product IDs for this card */
67 static int vid[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = -1 };
68 static int pid[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = -1 };
69 static int device_setup[SNDRV_CARDS]; /* device parameter for this card */
70 static bool ignore_ctl_error;
71 static bool autoclock = true;
72 static bool lowlatency = true;
73 static char *quirk_alias[SNDRV_CARDS];
74 static char *delayed_register[SNDRV_CARDS];
75 static bool implicit_fb[SNDRV_CARDS];
76 static unsigned int quirk_flags[SNDRV_CARDS];
77 
78 bool snd_usb_use_vmalloc = true;
79 bool snd_usb_skip_validation;
80 
81 module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
82 MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for the USB audio adapter.");
83 module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
84 MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for the USB audio adapter.");
85 module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
86 MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable USB audio adapter.");
87 module_param_array(vid, int, NULL, 0444);
88 MODULE_PARM_DESC(vid, "Vendor ID for the USB audio device.");
89 module_param_array(pid, int, NULL, 0444);
90 MODULE_PARM_DESC(pid, "Product ID for the USB audio device.");
91 module_param_array(device_setup, int, NULL, 0444);
92 MODULE_PARM_DESC(device_setup, "Specific device setup (if needed).");
93 module_param(ignore_ctl_error, bool, 0444);
94 MODULE_PARM_DESC(ignore_ctl_error,
95 		 "Ignore errors from USB controller for mixer interfaces.");
96 module_param(autoclock, bool, 0444);
97 MODULE_PARM_DESC(autoclock, "Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices (default: yes).");
98 module_param(lowlatency, bool, 0444);
99 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lowlatency, "Enable low latency playback (default: yes).");
100 module_param_array(quirk_alias, charp, NULL, 0444);
101 MODULE_PARM_DESC(quirk_alias, "Quirk aliases, e.g. 0123abcd:5678beef.");
102 module_param_array(delayed_register, charp, NULL, 0444);
103 MODULE_PARM_DESC(delayed_register, "Quirk for delayed registration, given by id:iface, e.g. 0123abcd:4.");
104 module_param_array(implicit_fb, bool, NULL, 0444);
105 MODULE_PARM_DESC(implicit_fb, "Apply generic implicit feedback sync mode.");
106 module_param_array(quirk_flags, uint, NULL, 0444);
107 MODULE_PARM_DESC(quirk_flags, "Driver quirk bit flags.");
108 module_param_named(use_vmalloc, snd_usb_use_vmalloc, bool, 0444);
109 MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_vmalloc, "Use vmalloc for PCM intermediate buffers (default: yes).");
110 module_param_named(skip_validation, snd_usb_skip_validation, bool, 0444);
111 MODULE_PARM_DESC(skip_validation, "Skip unit descriptor validation (default: no).");
112 
113 /*
114  * we keep the snd_usb_audio_t instances by ourselves for merging
115  * the all interfaces on the same card as one sound device.
116  */
117 
118 static DEFINE_MUTEX(register_mutex);
119 static struct snd_usb_audio *usb_chip[SNDRV_CARDS];
120 static struct usb_driver usb_audio_driver;
121 
122 /*
123  * disconnect streams
124  * called from usb_audio_disconnect()
125  */
126 static void snd_usb_stream_disconnect(struct snd_usb_stream *as)
127 {
128 	int idx;
129 	struct snd_usb_substream *subs;
130 
131 	for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
132 		subs = &as->substream[idx];
133 		if (!subs->num_formats)
134 			continue;
135 		subs->data_endpoint = NULL;
136 		subs->sync_endpoint = NULL;
137 	}
138 }
139 
140 static int snd_usb_create_stream(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int ctrlif, int interface)
141 {
142 	struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
143 	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
144 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
145 	struct usb_interface *iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, interface);
146 
147 	if (!iface) {
148 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "%u:%d : does not exist\n",
149 			ctrlif, interface);
150 		return -EINVAL;
151 	}
152 
153 	alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
154 	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
155 
156 	/*
157 	 * Android with both accessory and audio interfaces enabled gets the
158 	 * interface numbers wrong.
159 	 */
160 	if ((chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x18d1, 0x2d04) ||
161 	     chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x18d1, 0x2d05)) &&
162 	    interface == 0 &&
163 	    altsd->bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC &&
164 	    altsd->bInterfaceSubClass == USB_SUBCLASS_VENDOR_SPEC) {
165 		interface = 2;
166 		iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, interface);
167 		if (!iface)
168 			return -EINVAL;
169 		alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
170 		altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
171 	}
172 
173 	if (usb_interface_claimed(iface)) {
174 		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "%d:%d: skipping, already claimed\n",
175 			ctrlif, interface);
176 		return -EINVAL;
177 	}
178 
179 	if ((altsd->bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_AUDIO ||
180 	     altsd->bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC) &&
181 	    altsd->bInterfaceSubClass == USB_SUBCLASS_MIDISTREAMING) {
182 		int err = snd_usb_midi_v2_create(chip, iface, NULL,
183 						 chip->usb_id);
184 		if (err < 0) {
185 			dev_err(&dev->dev,
186 				"%u:%d: cannot create sequencer device\n",
187 				ctrlif, interface);
188 			return -EINVAL;
189 		}
190 		return usb_driver_claim_interface(&usb_audio_driver, iface,
191 						  USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED);
192 	}
193 
194 	if ((altsd->bInterfaceClass != USB_CLASS_AUDIO &&
195 	     altsd->bInterfaceClass != USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC) ||
196 	    altsd->bInterfaceSubClass != USB_SUBCLASS_AUDIOSTREAMING) {
197 		dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
198 			"%u:%d: skipping non-supported interface %d\n",
199 			ctrlif, interface, altsd->bInterfaceClass);
200 		/* skip non-supported classes */
201 		return -EINVAL;
202 	}
203 
204 	if (snd_usb_get_speed(dev) == USB_SPEED_LOW) {
205 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "low speed audio streaming not supported\n");
206 		return -EINVAL;
207 	}
208 
209 	if (! snd_usb_parse_audio_interface(chip, interface)) {
210 		usb_set_interface(dev, interface, 0); /* reset the current interface */
211 		return usb_driver_claim_interface(&usb_audio_driver, iface,
212 						  USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED);
213 	}
214 
215 	return 0;
216 }
217 
218 /*
219  * parse audio control descriptor and create pcm/midi streams
220  */
221 static int snd_usb_create_streams(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int ctrlif)
222 {
223 	struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
224 	struct usb_host_interface *host_iface;
225 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
226 	int i, protocol;
227 
228 	/* find audiocontrol interface */
229 	host_iface = &usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, ctrlif)->altsetting[0];
230 	altsd = get_iface_desc(host_iface);
231 	protocol = altsd->bInterfaceProtocol;
232 
233 	switch (protocol) {
234 	default:
235 		dev_warn(&dev->dev,
236 			 "unknown interface protocol %#02x, assuming v1\n",
237 			 protocol);
238 		fallthrough;
239 
240 	case UAC_VERSION_1: {
241 		struct uac1_ac_header_descriptor *h1;
242 		int rest_bytes;
243 
244 		h1 = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(host_iface->extra,
245 							 host_iface->extralen,
246 							 NULL, UAC_HEADER);
247 		if (!h1 || h1->bLength < sizeof(*h1)) {
248 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "cannot find UAC_HEADER\n");
249 			return -EINVAL;
250 		}
251 
252 		rest_bytes = (void *)(host_iface->extra +
253 				host_iface->extralen) - (void *)h1;
254 
255 		/* just to be sure -- this shouldn't hit at all */
256 		if (rest_bytes <= 0) {
257 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "invalid control header\n");
258 			return -EINVAL;
259 		}
260 
261 		if (rest_bytes < sizeof(*h1)) {
262 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "too short v1 buffer descriptor\n");
263 			return -EINVAL;
264 		}
265 
266 		if (!h1->bInCollection) {
267 			dev_info(&dev->dev, "skipping empty audio interface (v1)\n");
268 			return -EINVAL;
269 		}
270 
271 		if (rest_bytes < h1->bLength) {
272 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "invalid buffer length (v1)\n");
273 			return -EINVAL;
274 		}
275 
276 		if (h1->bLength < sizeof(*h1) + h1->bInCollection) {
277 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "invalid UAC_HEADER (v1)\n");
278 			return -EINVAL;
279 		}
280 
281 		for (i = 0; i < h1->bInCollection; i++)
282 			snd_usb_create_stream(chip, ctrlif, h1->baInterfaceNr[i]);
283 
284 		break;
285 	}
286 
287 	case UAC_VERSION_2:
288 	case UAC_VERSION_3: {
289 		struct usb_interface_assoc_descriptor *assoc =
290 			usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, ctrlif)->intf_assoc;
291 
292 		if (!assoc) {
293 			/*
294 			 * Firmware writers cannot count to three.  So to find
295 			 * the IAD on the NuForce UDH-100, also check the next
296 			 * interface.
297 			 */
298 			struct usb_interface *iface =
299 				usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, ctrlif + 1);
300 			if (iface &&
301 			    iface->intf_assoc &&
302 			    iface->intf_assoc->bFunctionClass == USB_CLASS_AUDIO &&
303 			    iface->intf_assoc->bFunctionProtocol == UAC_VERSION_2)
304 				assoc = iface->intf_assoc;
305 		}
306 
307 		if (!assoc) {
308 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "Audio class v2/v3 interfaces need an interface association\n");
309 			return -EINVAL;
310 		}
311 
312 		if (protocol == UAC_VERSION_3) {
313 			int badd = assoc->bFunctionSubClass;
314 
315 			if (badd != UAC3_FUNCTION_SUBCLASS_FULL_ADC_3_0 &&
316 			    (badd < UAC3_FUNCTION_SUBCLASS_GENERIC_IO ||
317 			     badd > UAC3_FUNCTION_SUBCLASS_SPEAKERPHONE)) {
318 				dev_err(&dev->dev,
319 					"Unsupported UAC3 BADD profile\n");
320 				return -EINVAL;
321 			}
322 
323 			chip->badd_profile = badd;
324 		}
325 
326 		for (i = 0; i < assoc->bInterfaceCount; i++) {
327 			int intf = assoc->bFirstInterface + i;
328 
329 			if (intf != ctrlif)
330 				snd_usb_create_stream(chip, ctrlif, intf);
331 		}
332 
333 		break;
334 	}
335 	}
336 
337 	return 0;
338 }
339 
340 /*
341  * Profile name preset table
342  */
343 struct usb_audio_device_name {
344 	u32 id;
345 	const char *vendor_name;
346 	const char *product_name;
347 	const char *profile_name;	/* override card->longname */
348 };
349 
350 #define PROFILE_NAME(vid, pid, vendor, product, profile)	 \
351 	{ .id = USB_ID(vid, pid), .vendor_name = (vendor),	 \
352 	  .product_name = (product), .profile_name = (profile) }
353 #define DEVICE_NAME(vid, pid, vendor, product) \
354 	PROFILE_NAME(vid, pid, vendor, product, NULL)
355 
356 /* vendor/product and profile name presets, sorted in device id order */
357 static const struct usb_audio_device_name usb_audio_names[] = {
358 	/* HP Thunderbolt Dock Audio Headset */
359 	PROFILE_NAME(0x03f0, 0x0269, "HP", "Thunderbolt Dock Audio Headset",
360 		     "HP-Thunderbolt-Dock-Audio-Headset"),
361 	/* HP Thunderbolt Dock Audio Module */
362 	PROFILE_NAME(0x03f0, 0x0567, "HP", "Thunderbolt Dock Audio Module",
363 		     "HP-Thunderbolt-Dock-Audio-Module"),
364 
365 	/* Two entries for Gigabyte TRX40 Aorus Master:
366 	 * TRX40 Aorus Master has two USB-audio devices, one for the front
367 	 * headphone with ESS SABRE9218 DAC chip, while another for the rest
368 	 * I/O (the rear panel and the front mic) with Realtek ALC1220-VB.
369 	 * Here we provide two distinct names for making UCM profiles easier.
370 	 */
371 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0414, 0xa000, "Gigabyte", "Aorus Master Front Headphone",
372 		     "Gigabyte-Aorus-Master-Front-Headphone"),
373 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0414, 0xa001, "Gigabyte", "Aorus Master Main Audio",
374 		     "Gigabyte-Aorus-Master-Main-Audio"),
375 
376 	/* Gigabyte TRX40 Aorus Pro WiFi */
377 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0414, 0xa002,
378 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
379 
380 	/* Creative/E-Mu devices */
381 	DEVICE_NAME(0x041e, 0x3010, "Creative Labs", "Sound Blaster MP3+"),
382 	/* Creative/Toshiba Multimedia Center SB-0500 */
383 	DEVICE_NAME(0x041e, 0x3048, "Toshiba", "SB-0500"),
384 
385 	DEVICE_NAME(0x046d, 0x0990, "Logitech, Inc.", "QuickCam Pro 9000"),
386 
387 	DEVICE_NAME(0x05e1, 0x0408, "Syntek", "STK1160"),
388 	DEVICE_NAME(0x05e1, 0x0480, "Hauppauge", "Woodbury"),
389 
390 	/* ASUS ROG Zenith II: this machine has also two devices, one for
391 	 * the front headphone and another for the rest
392 	 */
393 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0b05, 0x1915, "ASUS", "Zenith II Front Headphone",
394 		     "Zenith-II-Front-Headphone"),
395 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0b05, 0x1916, "ASUS", "Zenith II Main Audio",
396 		     "Zenith-II-Main-Audio"),
397 
398 	/* ASUS ROG Strix */
399 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0b05, 0x1917,
400 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
401 	/* ASUS PRIME TRX40 PRO-S */
402 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0b05, 0x1918,
403 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
404 
405 	/* Dell WD15 Dock */
406 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0bda, 0x4014, "Dell", "WD15 Dock", "Dell-WD15-Dock"),
407 	/* Dell WD19 Dock */
408 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0bda, 0x402e, "Dell", "WD19 Dock", "Dell-WD15-Dock"),
409 
410 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0ccd, 0x0028, "TerraTec", "Aureon5.1MkII"),
411 
412 	/*
413 	 * The original product_name is "USB Sound Device", however this name
414 	 * is also used by the CM106 based cards, so make it unique.
415 	 */
416 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0d8c, 0x0102, NULL, "ICUSBAUDIO7D"),
417 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0d8c, 0x0103, NULL, "Audio Advantage MicroII"),
418 
419 	/* MSI TRX40 Creator */
420 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0db0, 0x0d64,
421 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
422 	/* MSI TRX40 */
423 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0db0, 0x543d,
424 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
425 
426 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0fd9, 0x0008, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
427 
428 	/* Stanton/N2IT Final Scratch v1 device ('Scratchamp') */
429 	DEVICE_NAME(0x103d, 0x0100, "Stanton", "ScratchAmp"),
430 	DEVICE_NAME(0x103d, 0x0101, "Stanton", "ScratchAmp"),
431 
432 	/* aka. Serato Scratch Live DJ Box */
433 	DEVICE_NAME(0x13e5, 0x0001, "Rane", "SL-1"),
434 
435 	/* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Rear Line-in, Line-out and Microphone */
436 	PROFILE_NAME(0x17aa, 0x1046, "Lenovo", "ThinkStation P620 Rear",
437 		     "Lenovo-ThinkStation-P620-Rear"),
438 	/* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Internal Speaker + Front Headset */
439 	PROFILE_NAME(0x17aa, 0x104d, "Lenovo", "ThinkStation P620 Main",
440 		     "Lenovo-ThinkStation-P620-Main"),
441 
442 	/* Asrock TRX40 Creator */
443 	PROFILE_NAME(0x26ce, 0x0a01,
444 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
445 
446 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7200, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
447 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7201, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q-MXL"),
448 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7210, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
449 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7211, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q-MXL"),
450 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7213, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
451 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7217, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
452 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x721b, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
453 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x721e, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
454 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x721f, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
455 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7240, "Hauppauge", "HVR-850"),
456 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7260, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
457 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7270, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
458 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7280, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
459 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7281, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q-MXL"),
460 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x8200, "Hauppauge", "Woodbury"),
461 
462 	{ } /* terminator */
463 };
464 
465 static const struct usb_audio_device_name *
466 lookup_device_name(u32 id)
467 {
468 	static const struct usb_audio_device_name *p;
469 
470 	for (p = usb_audio_names; p->id; p++)
471 		if (p->id == id)
472 			return p;
473 	return NULL;
474 }
475 
476 /*
477  * free the chip instance
478  *
479  * here we have to do not much, since pcm and controls are already freed
480  *
481  */
482 
483 static void snd_usb_audio_free(struct snd_card *card)
484 {
485 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = card->private_data;
486 
487 	snd_usb_endpoint_free_all(chip);
488 	snd_usb_midi_v2_free_all(chip);
489 
490 	mutex_destroy(&chip->mutex);
491 	if (!atomic_read(&chip->shutdown))
492 		dev_set_drvdata(&chip->dev->dev, NULL);
493 }
494 
495 static void usb_audio_make_shortname(struct usb_device *dev,
496 				     struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
497 				     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
498 {
499 	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
500 	const struct usb_audio_device_name *preset;
501 	const char *s = NULL;
502 
503 	preset = lookup_device_name(chip->usb_id);
504 	if (preset && preset->product_name)
505 		s = preset->product_name;
506 	else if (quirk && quirk->product_name)
507 		s = quirk->product_name;
508 	if (s && *s) {
509 		strscpy(card->shortname, s, sizeof(card->shortname));
510 		return;
511 	}
512 
513 	/* retrieve the device string as shortname */
514 	if (!dev->descriptor.iProduct ||
515 	    usb_string(dev, dev->descriptor.iProduct,
516 		       card->shortname, sizeof(card->shortname)) <= 0) {
517 		/* no name available from anywhere, so use ID */
518 		sprintf(card->shortname, "USB Device %#04x:%#04x",
519 			USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id),
520 			USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
521 	}
522 
523 	strim(card->shortname);
524 }
525 
526 static void usb_audio_make_longname(struct usb_device *dev,
527 				    struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
528 				    const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
529 {
530 	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
531 	const struct usb_audio_device_name *preset;
532 	const char *s = NULL;
533 	int len;
534 
535 	preset = lookup_device_name(chip->usb_id);
536 
537 	/* shortcut - if any pre-defined string is given, use it */
538 	if (preset && preset->profile_name)
539 		s = preset->profile_name;
540 	if (s && *s) {
541 		strscpy(card->longname, s, sizeof(card->longname));
542 		return;
543 	}
544 
545 	if (preset && preset->vendor_name)
546 		s = preset->vendor_name;
547 	else if (quirk && quirk->vendor_name)
548 		s = quirk->vendor_name;
549 	*card->longname = 0;
550 	if (s && *s) {
551 		strscpy(card->longname, s, sizeof(card->longname));
552 	} else {
553 		/* retrieve the vendor and device strings as longname */
554 		if (dev->descriptor.iManufacturer)
555 			usb_string(dev, dev->descriptor.iManufacturer,
556 				   card->longname, sizeof(card->longname));
557 		/* we don't really care if there isn't any vendor string */
558 	}
559 	if (*card->longname) {
560 		strim(card->longname);
561 		if (*card->longname)
562 			strlcat(card->longname, " ", sizeof(card->longname));
563 	}
564 
565 	strlcat(card->longname, card->shortname, sizeof(card->longname));
566 
567 	len = strlcat(card->longname, " at ", sizeof(card->longname));
568 
569 	if (len < sizeof(card->longname))
570 		usb_make_path(dev, card->longname + len, sizeof(card->longname) - len);
571 
572 	switch (snd_usb_get_speed(dev)) {
573 	case USB_SPEED_LOW:
574 		strlcat(card->longname, ", low speed", sizeof(card->longname));
575 		break;
576 	case USB_SPEED_FULL:
577 		strlcat(card->longname, ", full speed", sizeof(card->longname));
578 		break;
579 	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
580 		strlcat(card->longname, ", high speed", sizeof(card->longname));
581 		break;
582 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:
583 		strlcat(card->longname, ", super speed", sizeof(card->longname));
584 		break;
585 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
586 		strlcat(card->longname, ", super speed plus", sizeof(card->longname));
587 		break;
588 	default:
589 		break;
590 	}
591 }
592 
593 /*
594  * create a chip instance and set its names.
595  */
596 static int snd_usb_audio_create(struct usb_interface *intf,
597 				struct usb_device *dev, int idx,
598 				const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
599 				unsigned int usb_id,
600 				struct snd_usb_audio **rchip)
601 {
602 	struct snd_card *card;
603 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip;
604 	int err;
605 	char component[14];
606 
607 	*rchip = NULL;
608 
609 	switch (snd_usb_get_speed(dev)) {
610 	case USB_SPEED_LOW:
611 	case USB_SPEED_FULL:
612 	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
613 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:
614 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
615 		break;
616 	default:
617 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "unknown device speed %d\n", snd_usb_get_speed(dev));
618 		return -ENXIO;
619 	}
620 
621 	err = snd_card_new(&intf->dev, index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
622 			   sizeof(*chip), &card);
623 	if (err < 0) {
624 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "cannot create card instance %d\n", idx);
625 		return err;
626 	}
627 
628 	chip = card->private_data;
629 	mutex_init(&chip->mutex);
630 	init_waitqueue_head(&chip->shutdown_wait);
631 	chip->index = idx;
632 	chip->dev = dev;
633 	chip->card = card;
634 	chip->setup = device_setup[idx];
635 	chip->generic_implicit_fb = implicit_fb[idx];
636 	chip->autoclock = autoclock;
637 	chip->lowlatency = lowlatency;
638 	atomic_set(&chip->active, 1); /* avoid autopm during probing */
639 	atomic_set(&chip->usage_count, 0);
640 	atomic_set(&chip->shutdown, 0);
641 
642 	chip->usb_id = usb_id;
643 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->pcm_list);
644 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->ep_list);
645 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->iface_ref_list);
646 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->clock_ref_list);
647 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->midi_list);
648 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->midi_v2_list);
649 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->mixer_list);
650 
651 	if (quirk_flags[idx])
652 		chip->quirk_flags = quirk_flags[idx];
653 	else
654 		snd_usb_init_quirk_flags(chip);
655 
656 	card->private_free = snd_usb_audio_free;
657 
658 	strcpy(card->driver, "USB-Audio");
659 	sprintf(component, "USB%04x:%04x",
660 		USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id), USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
661 	snd_component_add(card, component);
662 
663 	usb_audio_make_shortname(dev, chip, quirk);
664 	usb_audio_make_longname(dev, chip, quirk);
665 
666 	snd_usb_audio_create_proc(chip);
667 
668 	*rchip = chip;
669 	return 0;
670 }
671 
672 /* look for a matching quirk alias id */
673 static bool get_alias_id(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int *id)
674 {
675 	int i;
676 	unsigned int src, dst;
677 
678 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(quirk_alias); i++) {
679 		if (!quirk_alias[i] ||
680 		    sscanf(quirk_alias[i], "%x:%x", &src, &dst) != 2 ||
681 		    src != *id)
682 			continue;
683 		dev_info(&dev->dev,
684 			 "device (%04x:%04x): applying quirk alias %04x:%04x\n",
685 			 USB_ID_VENDOR(*id), USB_ID_PRODUCT(*id),
686 			 USB_ID_VENDOR(dst), USB_ID_PRODUCT(dst));
687 		*id = dst;
688 		return true;
689 	}
690 
691 	return false;
692 }
693 
694 static int check_delayed_register_option(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
695 {
696 	int i;
697 	unsigned int id, inum;
698 
699 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(delayed_register); i++) {
700 		if (delayed_register[i] &&
701 		    sscanf(delayed_register[i], "%x:%x", &id, &inum) == 2 &&
702 		    id == chip->usb_id)
703 			return inum;
704 	}
705 
706 	return -1;
707 }
708 
709 static const struct usb_device_id usb_audio_ids[]; /* defined below */
710 
711 /* look for the last interface that matches with our ids and remember it */
712 static void find_last_interface(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
713 {
714 	struct usb_host_config *config = chip->dev->actconfig;
715 	struct usb_interface *intf;
716 	int i;
717 
718 	if (!config)
719 		return;
720 	for (i = 0; i < config->desc.bNumInterfaces; i++) {
721 		intf = config->interface[i];
722 		if (usb_match_id(intf, usb_audio_ids))
723 			chip->last_iface = intf->altsetting[0].desc.bInterfaceNumber;
724 	}
725 	usb_audio_dbg(chip, "Found last interface = %d\n", chip->last_iface);
726 }
727 
728 /* look for the corresponding quirk */
729 static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *
730 get_alias_quirk(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int id)
731 {
732 	const struct usb_device_id *p;
733 
734 	for (p = usb_audio_ids; p->match_flags; p++) {
735 		/* FIXME: this checks only vendor:product pair in the list */
736 		if ((p->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE) ==
737 		    USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE &&
738 		    p->idVendor == USB_ID_VENDOR(id) &&
739 		    p->idProduct == USB_ID_PRODUCT(id))
740 			return (const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *)p->driver_info;
741 	}
742 
743 	return NULL;
744 }
745 
746 /* register card if we reach to the last interface or to the specified
747  * one given via option
748  */
749 static int try_to_register_card(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int ifnum)
750 {
751 	if (check_delayed_register_option(chip) == ifnum ||
752 	    chip->last_iface == ifnum ||
753 	    usb_interface_claimed(usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, chip->last_iface)))
754 		return snd_card_register(chip->card);
755 	return 0;
756 }
757 
758 /*
759  * probe the active usb device
760  *
761  * note that this can be called multiple times per a device, when it
762  * includes multiple audio control interfaces.
763  *
764  * thus we check the usb device pointer and creates the card instance
765  * only at the first time.  the successive calls of this function will
766  * append the pcm interface to the corresponding card.
767  */
768 static int usb_audio_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
769 			   const struct usb_device_id *usb_id)
770 {
771 	struct usb_device *dev = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
772 	const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk =
773 		(const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *)usb_id->driver_info;
774 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip;
775 	int i, err;
776 	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
777 	int ifnum;
778 	u32 id;
779 
780 	alts = &intf->altsetting[0];
781 	ifnum = get_iface_desc(alts)->bInterfaceNumber;
782 	id = USB_ID(le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor),
783 		    le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct));
784 	if (get_alias_id(dev, &id))
785 		quirk = get_alias_quirk(dev, id);
786 	if (quirk && quirk->ifnum >= 0 && ifnum != quirk->ifnum)
787 		return -ENXIO;
788 	if (quirk && quirk->ifnum == QUIRK_NODEV_INTERFACE)
789 		return -ENODEV;
790 
791 	err = snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk(dev, intf, quirk, id);
792 	if (err < 0)
793 		return err;
794 
795 	/*
796 	 * found a config.  now register to ALSA
797 	 */
798 
799 	/* check whether it's already registered */
800 	chip = NULL;
801 	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
802 	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_CARDS; i++) {
803 		if (usb_chip[i] && usb_chip[i]->dev == dev) {
804 			if (atomic_read(&usb_chip[i]->shutdown)) {
805 				dev_err(&dev->dev, "USB device is in the shutdown state, cannot create a card instance\n");
806 				err = -EIO;
807 				goto __error;
808 			}
809 			chip = usb_chip[i];
810 			atomic_inc(&chip->active); /* avoid autopm */
811 			break;
812 		}
813 	}
814 	if (! chip) {
815 		err = snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk_once(dev, intf, quirk, id);
816 		if (err < 0)
817 			goto __error;
818 
819 		/* it's a fresh one.
820 		 * now look for an empty slot and create a new card instance
821 		 */
822 		for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_CARDS; i++)
823 			if (!usb_chip[i] &&
824 			    (vid[i] == -1 || vid[i] == USB_ID_VENDOR(id)) &&
825 			    (pid[i] == -1 || pid[i] == USB_ID_PRODUCT(id))) {
826 				if (enable[i]) {
827 					err = snd_usb_audio_create(intf, dev, i, quirk,
828 								   id, &chip);
829 					if (err < 0)
830 						goto __error;
831 					break;
832 				} else if (vid[i] != -1 || pid[i] != -1) {
833 					dev_info(&dev->dev,
834 						 "device (%04x:%04x) is disabled\n",
835 						 USB_ID_VENDOR(id),
836 						 USB_ID_PRODUCT(id));
837 					err = -ENOENT;
838 					goto __error;
839 				}
840 			}
841 		if (!chip) {
842 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "no available usb audio device\n");
843 			err = -ENODEV;
844 			goto __error;
845 		}
846 		find_last_interface(chip);
847 	}
848 
849 	if (chip->num_interfaces >= MAX_CARD_INTERFACES) {
850 		dev_info(&dev->dev, "Too many interfaces assigned to the single USB-audio card\n");
851 		err = -EINVAL;
852 		goto __error;
853 	}
854 
855 	dev_set_drvdata(&dev->dev, chip);
856 
857 	if (ignore_ctl_error)
858 		chip->quirk_flags |= QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR;
859 
860 	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND)
861 		usb_disable_autosuspend(interface_to_usbdev(intf));
862 
863 	/*
864 	 * For devices with more than one control interface, we assume the
865 	 * first contains the audio controls. We might need a more specific
866 	 * check here in the future.
867 	 */
868 	if (!chip->ctrl_intf)
869 		chip->ctrl_intf = alts;
870 
871 	err = 1; /* continue */
872 	if (quirk && quirk->ifnum != QUIRK_NO_INTERFACE) {
873 		/* need some special handlings */
874 		err = snd_usb_create_quirk(chip, intf, &usb_audio_driver, quirk);
875 		if (err < 0)
876 			goto __error;
877 	}
878 
879 	if (err > 0) {
880 		/* create normal USB audio interfaces */
881 		err = snd_usb_create_streams(chip, ifnum);
882 		if (err < 0)
883 			goto __error;
884 		err = snd_usb_create_mixer(chip, ifnum);
885 		if (err < 0)
886 			goto __error;
887 	}
888 
889 	if (chip->need_delayed_register) {
890 		dev_info(&dev->dev,
891 			 "Found post-registration device assignment: %08x:%02x\n",
892 			 chip->usb_id, ifnum);
893 		chip->need_delayed_register = false; /* clear again */
894 	}
895 
896 	err = try_to_register_card(chip, ifnum);
897 	if (err < 0)
898 		goto __error_no_register;
899 
900 	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE) {
901 		/* don't want to fail when snd_media_device_create() fails */
902 		snd_media_device_create(chip, intf);
903 	}
904 
905 	if (quirk)
906 		chip->quirk_type = quirk->type;
907 
908 	usb_chip[chip->index] = chip;
909 	chip->intf[chip->num_interfaces] = intf;
910 	chip->num_interfaces++;
911 	usb_set_intfdata(intf, chip);
912 	atomic_dec(&chip->active);
913 	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
914 	return 0;
915 
916  __error:
917 	/* in the case of error in secondary interface, still try to register */
918 	if (chip)
919 		try_to_register_card(chip, ifnum);
920 
921  __error_no_register:
922 	if (chip) {
923 		/* chip->active is inside the chip->card object,
924 		 * decrement before memory is possibly returned.
925 		 */
926 		atomic_dec(&chip->active);
927 		if (!chip->num_interfaces)
928 			snd_card_free(chip->card);
929 	}
930 	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
931 	return err;
932 }
933 
934 /*
935  * we need to take care of counter, since disconnection can be called also
936  * many times as well as usb_audio_probe().
937  */
938 static void usb_audio_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
939 {
940 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
941 	struct snd_card *card;
942 	struct list_head *p;
943 
944 	if (chip == USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED)
945 		return;
946 
947 	card = chip->card;
948 
949 	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
950 	if (atomic_inc_return(&chip->shutdown) == 1) {
951 		struct snd_usb_stream *as;
952 		struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
953 		struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer;
954 
955 		/* wait until all pending tasks done;
956 		 * they are protected by snd_usb_lock_shutdown()
957 		 */
958 		wait_event(chip->shutdown_wait,
959 			   !atomic_read(&chip->usage_count));
960 		snd_card_disconnect(card);
961 		/* release the pcm resources */
962 		list_for_each_entry(as, &chip->pcm_list, list) {
963 			snd_usb_stream_disconnect(as);
964 		}
965 		/* release the endpoint resources */
966 		list_for_each_entry(ep, &chip->ep_list, list) {
967 			snd_usb_endpoint_release(ep);
968 		}
969 		/* release the midi resources */
970 		list_for_each(p, &chip->midi_list) {
971 			snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
972 		}
973 		snd_usb_midi_v2_disconnect_all(chip);
974 		/*
975 		 * Nice to check quirk && quirk->shares_media_device and
976 		 * then call the snd_media_device_delete(). Don't have
977 		 * access to the quirk here. snd_media_device_delete()
978 		 * accesses mixer_list
979 		 */
980 		snd_media_device_delete(chip);
981 
982 		/* release mixer resources */
983 		list_for_each_entry(mixer, &chip->mixer_list, list) {
984 			snd_usb_mixer_disconnect(mixer);
985 		}
986 	}
987 
988 	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND)
989 		usb_enable_autosuspend(interface_to_usbdev(intf));
990 
991 	chip->num_interfaces--;
992 	if (chip->num_interfaces <= 0) {
993 		usb_chip[chip->index] = NULL;
994 		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
995 		snd_card_free_when_closed(card);
996 	} else {
997 		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
998 	}
999 }
1000 
1001 /* lock the shutdown (disconnect) task and autoresume */
1002 int snd_usb_lock_shutdown(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
1003 {
1004 	int err;
1005 
1006 	atomic_inc(&chip->usage_count);
1007 	if (atomic_read(&chip->shutdown)) {
1008 		err = -EIO;
1009 		goto error;
1010 	}
1011 	err = snd_usb_autoresume(chip);
1012 	if (err < 0)
1013 		goto error;
1014 	return 0;
1015 
1016  error:
1017 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&chip->usage_count))
1018 		wake_up(&chip->shutdown_wait);
1019 	return err;
1020 }
1021 
1022 /* autosuspend and unlock the shutdown */
1023 void snd_usb_unlock_shutdown(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
1024 {
1025 	snd_usb_autosuspend(chip);
1026 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&chip->usage_count))
1027 		wake_up(&chip->shutdown_wait);
1028 }
1029 
1030 int snd_usb_autoresume(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
1031 {
1032 	int i, err;
1033 
1034 	if (atomic_read(&chip->shutdown))
1035 		return -EIO;
1036 	if (atomic_inc_return(&chip->active) != 1)
1037 		return 0;
1038 
1039 	for (i = 0; i < chip->num_interfaces; i++) {
1040 		err = usb_autopm_get_interface(chip->intf[i]);
1041 		if (err < 0) {
1042 			/* rollback */
1043 			while (--i >= 0)
1044 				usb_autopm_put_interface(chip->intf[i]);
1045 			atomic_dec(&chip->active);
1046 			return err;
1047 		}
1048 	}
1049 	return 0;
1050 }
1051 
1052 void snd_usb_autosuspend(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
1053 {
1054 	int i;
1055 
1056 	if (atomic_read(&chip->shutdown))
1057 		return;
1058 	if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&chip->active))
1059 		return;
1060 
1061 	for (i = 0; i < chip->num_interfaces; i++)
1062 		usb_autopm_put_interface(chip->intf[i]);
1063 }
1064 
1065 static int usb_audio_suspend(struct usb_interface *intf, pm_message_t message)
1066 {
1067 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
1068 	struct snd_usb_stream *as;
1069 	struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
1070 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer;
1071 	struct list_head *p;
1072 
1073 	if (chip == USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED)
1074 		return 0;
1075 
1076 	if (!chip->num_suspended_intf++) {
1077 		list_for_each_entry(as, &chip->pcm_list, list)
1078 			snd_usb_pcm_suspend(as);
1079 		list_for_each_entry(ep, &chip->ep_list, list)
1080 			snd_usb_endpoint_suspend(ep);
1081 		list_for_each(p, &chip->midi_list)
1082 			snd_usbmidi_suspend(p);
1083 		list_for_each_entry(mixer, &chip->mixer_list, list)
1084 			snd_usb_mixer_suspend(mixer);
1085 		snd_usb_midi_v2_suspend_all(chip);
1086 	}
1087 
1088 	if (!PMSG_IS_AUTO(message) && !chip->system_suspend) {
1089 		snd_power_change_state(chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
1090 		chip->system_suspend = chip->num_suspended_intf;
1091 	}
1092 
1093 	return 0;
1094 }
1095 
1096 static int usb_audio_resume(struct usb_interface *intf)
1097 {
1098 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
1099 	struct snd_usb_stream *as;
1100 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer;
1101 	struct list_head *p;
1102 	int err = 0;
1103 
1104 	if (chip == USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED)
1105 		return 0;
1106 
1107 	atomic_inc(&chip->active); /* avoid autopm */
1108 	if (chip->num_suspended_intf > 1)
1109 		goto out;
1110 
1111 	list_for_each_entry(as, &chip->pcm_list, list) {
1112 		err = snd_usb_pcm_resume(as);
1113 		if (err < 0)
1114 			goto err_out;
1115 	}
1116 
1117 	/*
1118 	 * ALSA leaves material resumption to user space
1119 	 * we just notify and restart the mixers
1120 	 */
1121 	list_for_each_entry(mixer, &chip->mixer_list, list) {
1122 		err = snd_usb_mixer_resume(mixer);
1123 		if (err < 0)
1124 			goto err_out;
1125 	}
1126 
1127 	list_for_each(p, &chip->midi_list) {
1128 		snd_usbmidi_resume(p);
1129 	}
1130 
1131 	snd_usb_midi_v2_resume_all(chip);
1132 
1133  out:
1134 	if (chip->num_suspended_intf == chip->system_suspend) {
1135 		snd_power_change_state(chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
1136 		chip->system_suspend = 0;
1137 	}
1138 	chip->num_suspended_intf--;
1139 
1140 err_out:
1141 	atomic_dec(&chip->active); /* allow autopm after this point */
1142 	return err;
1143 }
1144 
1145 static const struct usb_device_id usb_audio_ids [] = {
1146 #include "quirks-table.h"
1147     { .match_flags = (USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_SUBCLASS),
1148       .bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_AUDIO,
1149       .bInterfaceSubClass = USB_SUBCLASS_AUDIOCONTROL },
1150     { }						/* Terminating entry */
1151 };
1152 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, usb_audio_ids);
1153 
1154 /*
1155  * entry point for linux usb interface
1156  */
1157 
1158 static struct usb_driver usb_audio_driver = {
1159 	.name =		"snd-usb-audio",
1160 	.probe =	usb_audio_probe,
1161 	.disconnect =	usb_audio_disconnect,
1162 	.suspend =	usb_audio_suspend,
1163 	.resume =	usb_audio_resume,
1164 	.reset_resume =	usb_audio_resume,
1165 	.id_table =	usb_audio_ids,
1166 	.supports_autosuspend = 1,
1167 };
1168 
1169 module_usb_driver(usb_audio_driver);
1170