xref: /openbmc/linux/sound/usb/card.c (revision 270a69c4)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  *   (Tentative) USB Audio Driver for ALSA
4  *
5  *   Copyright (c) 2002 by Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
6  *
7  *   Many codes borrowed from audio.c by
8  *	    Alan Cox (alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk)
9  *	    Thomas Sailer (sailer@ife.ee.ethz.ch)
10  *
11  *   Audio Class 3.0 support by Ruslan Bilovol <ruslan.bilovol@gmail.com>
12  *
13  *  NOTES:
14  *
15  *   - the linked URBs would be preferred but not used so far because of
16  *     the instability of unlinking.
17  *   - type II is not supported properly.  there is no device which supports
18  *     this type *correctly*.  SB extigy looks as if it supports, but it's
19  *     indeed an AC3 stream packed in SPDIF frames (i.e. no real AC3 stream).
20  */
21 
22 
23 #include <linux/bitops.h>
24 #include <linux/init.h>
25 #include <linux/list.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/string.h>
28 #include <linux/ctype.h>
29 #include <linux/usb.h>
30 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
31 #include <linux/mutex.h>
32 #include <linux/usb/audio.h>
33 #include <linux/usb/audio-v2.h>
34 #include <linux/usb/audio-v3.h>
35 #include <linux/module.h>
36 
37 #include <sound/control.h>
38 #include <sound/core.h>
39 #include <sound/info.h>
40 #include <sound/pcm.h>
41 #include <sound/pcm_params.h>
42 #include <sound/initval.h>
43 
44 #include "usbaudio.h"
45 #include "card.h"
46 #include "midi.h"
47 #include "mixer.h"
48 #include "proc.h"
49 #include "quirks.h"
50 #include "endpoint.h"
51 #include "helper.h"
52 #include "pcm.h"
53 #include "format.h"
54 #include "power.h"
55 #include "stream.h"
56 #include "media.h"
57 
58 MODULE_AUTHOR("Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>");
59 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("USB Audio");
60 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
61 
62 static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
63 static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
64 static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP;/* Enable this card */
65 /* Vendor/product IDs for this card */
66 static int vid[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = -1 };
67 static int pid[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = -1 };
68 static int device_setup[SNDRV_CARDS]; /* device parameter for this card */
69 static bool ignore_ctl_error;
70 static bool autoclock = true;
71 static bool lowlatency = true;
72 static char *quirk_alias[SNDRV_CARDS];
73 static char *delayed_register[SNDRV_CARDS];
74 static bool implicit_fb[SNDRV_CARDS];
75 static unsigned int quirk_flags[SNDRV_CARDS];
76 
77 bool snd_usb_use_vmalloc = true;
78 bool snd_usb_skip_validation;
79 
80 module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
81 MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for the USB audio adapter.");
82 module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
83 MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for the USB audio adapter.");
84 module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
85 MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable USB audio adapter.");
86 module_param_array(vid, int, NULL, 0444);
87 MODULE_PARM_DESC(vid, "Vendor ID for the USB audio device.");
88 module_param_array(pid, int, NULL, 0444);
89 MODULE_PARM_DESC(pid, "Product ID for the USB audio device.");
90 module_param_array(device_setup, int, NULL, 0444);
91 MODULE_PARM_DESC(device_setup, "Specific device setup (if needed).");
92 module_param(ignore_ctl_error, bool, 0444);
93 MODULE_PARM_DESC(ignore_ctl_error,
94 		 "Ignore errors from USB controller for mixer interfaces.");
95 module_param(autoclock, bool, 0444);
96 MODULE_PARM_DESC(autoclock, "Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices (default: yes).");
97 module_param(lowlatency, bool, 0444);
98 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lowlatency, "Enable low latency playback (default: yes).");
99 module_param_array(quirk_alias, charp, NULL, 0444);
100 MODULE_PARM_DESC(quirk_alias, "Quirk aliases, e.g. 0123abcd:5678beef.");
101 module_param_array(delayed_register, charp, NULL, 0444);
102 MODULE_PARM_DESC(delayed_register, "Quirk for delayed registration, given by id:iface, e.g. 0123abcd:4.");
103 module_param_array(implicit_fb, bool, NULL, 0444);
104 MODULE_PARM_DESC(implicit_fb, "Apply generic implicit feedback sync mode.");
105 module_param_array(quirk_flags, uint, NULL, 0444);
106 MODULE_PARM_DESC(quirk_flags, "Driver quirk bit flags.");
107 module_param_named(use_vmalloc, snd_usb_use_vmalloc, bool, 0444);
108 MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_vmalloc, "Use vmalloc for PCM intermediate buffers (default: yes).");
109 module_param_named(skip_validation, snd_usb_skip_validation, bool, 0444);
110 MODULE_PARM_DESC(skip_validation, "Skip unit descriptor validation (default: no).");
111 
112 /*
113  * we keep the snd_usb_audio_t instances by ourselves for merging
114  * the all interfaces on the same card as one sound device.
115  */
116 
117 static DEFINE_MUTEX(register_mutex);
118 static struct snd_usb_audio *usb_chip[SNDRV_CARDS];
119 static struct usb_driver usb_audio_driver;
120 
121 /*
122  * disconnect streams
123  * called from usb_audio_disconnect()
124  */
125 static void snd_usb_stream_disconnect(struct snd_usb_stream *as)
126 {
127 	int idx;
128 	struct snd_usb_substream *subs;
129 
130 	for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
131 		subs = &as->substream[idx];
132 		if (!subs->num_formats)
133 			continue;
134 		subs->data_endpoint = NULL;
135 		subs->sync_endpoint = NULL;
136 	}
137 }
138 
139 static int snd_usb_create_stream(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int ctrlif, int interface)
140 {
141 	struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
142 	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
143 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
144 	struct usb_interface *iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, interface);
145 
146 	if (!iface) {
147 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "%u:%d : does not exist\n",
148 			ctrlif, interface);
149 		return -EINVAL;
150 	}
151 
152 	alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
153 	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
154 
155 	/*
156 	 * Android with both accessory and audio interfaces enabled gets the
157 	 * interface numbers wrong.
158 	 */
159 	if ((chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x18d1, 0x2d04) ||
160 	     chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x18d1, 0x2d05)) &&
161 	    interface == 0 &&
162 	    altsd->bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC &&
163 	    altsd->bInterfaceSubClass == USB_SUBCLASS_VENDOR_SPEC) {
164 		interface = 2;
165 		iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, interface);
166 		if (!iface)
167 			return -EINVAL;
168 		alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
169 		altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
170 	}
171 
172 	if (usb_interface_claimed(iface)) {
173 		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "%d:%d: skipping, already claimed\n",
174 			ctrlif, interface);
175 		return -EINVAL;
176 	}
177 
178 	if ((altsd->bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_AUDIO ||
179 	     altsd->bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC) &&
180 	    altsd->bInterfaceSubClass == USB_SUBCLASS_MIDISTREAMING) {
181 		int err = __snd_usbmidi_create(chip->card, iface,
182 					     &chip->midi_list, NULL,
183 					     chip->usb_id);
184 		if (err < 0) {
185 			dev_err(&dev->dev,
186 				"%u:%d: cannot create sequencer device\n",
187 				ctrlif, interface);
188 			return -EINVAL;
189 		}
190 		return usb_driver_claim_interface(&usb_audio_driver, iface,
191 						  USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED);
192 	}
193 
194 	if ((altsd->bInterfaceClass != USB_CLASS_AUDIO &&
195 	     altsd->bInterfaceClass != USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC) ||
196 	    altsd->bInterfaceSubClass != USB_SUBCLASS_AUDIOSTREAMING) {
197 		dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
198 			"%u:%d: skipping non-supported interface %d\n",
199 			ctrlif, interface, altsd->bInterfaceClass);
200 		/* skip non-supported classes */
201 		return -EINVAL;
202 	}
203 
204 	if (snd_usb_get_speed(dev) == USB_SPEED_LOW) {
205 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "low speed audio streaming not supported\n");
206 		return -EINVAL;
207 	}
208 
209 	if (! snd_usb_parse_audio_interface(chip, interface)) {
210 		usb_set_interface(dev, interface, 0); /* reset the current interface */
211 		return usb_driver_claim_interface(&usb_audio_driver, iface,
212 						  USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED);
213 	}
214 
215 	return 0;
216 }
217 
218 /*
219  * parse audio control descriptor and create pcm/midi streams
220  */
221 static int snd_usb_create_streams(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int ctrlif)
222 {
223 	struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
224 	struct usb_host_interface *host_iface;
225 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
226 	int i, protocol;
227 
228 	/* find audiocontrol interface */
229 	host_iface = &usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, ctrlif)->altsetting[0];
230 	altsd = get_iface_desc(host_iface);
231 	protocol = altsd->bInterfaceProtocol;
232 
233 	switch (protocol) {
234 	default:
235 		dev_warn(&dev->dev,
236 			 "unknown interface protocol %#02x, assuming v1\n",
237 			 protocol);
238 		fallthrough;
239 
240 	case UAC_VERSION_1: {
241 		struct uac1_ac_header_descriptor *h1;
242 		int rest_bytes;
243 
244 		h1 = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(host_iface->extra,
245 							 host_iface->extralen,
246 							 NULL, UAC_HEADER);
247 		if (!h1 || h1->bLength < sizeof(*h1)) {
248 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "cannot find UAC_HEADER\n");
249 			return -EINVAL;
250 		}
251 
252 		rest_bytes = (void *)(host_iface->extra +
253 				host_iface->extralen) - (void *)h1;
254 
255 		/* just to be sure -- this shouldn't hit at all */
256 		if (rest_bytes <= 0) {
257 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "invalid control header\n");
258 			return -EINVAL;
259 		}
260 
261 		if (rest_bytes < sizeof(*h1)) {
262 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "too short v1 buffer descriptor\n");
263 			return -EINVAL;
264 		}
265 
266 		if (!h1->bInCollection) {
267 			dev_info(&dev->dev, "skipping empty audio interface (v1)\n");
268 			return -EINVAL;
269 		}
270 
271 		if (rest_bytes < h1->bLength) {
272 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "invalid buffer length (v1)\n");
273 			return -EINVAL;
274 		}
275 
276 		if (h1->bLength < sizeof(*h1) + h1->bInCollection) {
277 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "invalid UAC_HEADER (v1)\n");
278 			return -EINVAL;
279 		}
280 
281 		for (i = 0; i < h1->bInCollection; i++)
282 			snd_usb_create_stream(chip, ctrlif, h1->baInterfaceNr[i]);
283 
284 		break;
285 	}
286 
287 	case UAC_VERSION_2:
288 	case UAC_VERSION_3: {
289 		struct usb_interface_assoc_descriptor *assoc =
290 			usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, ctrlif)->intf_assoc;
291 
292 		if (!assoc) {
293 			/*
294 			 * Firmware writers cannot count to three.  So to find
295 			 * the IAD on the NuForce UDH-100, also check the next
296 			 * interface.
297 			 */
298 			struct usb_interface *iface =
299 				usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, ctrlif + 1);
300 			if (iface &&
301 			    iface->intf_assoc &&
302 			    iface->intf_assoc->bFunctionClass == USB_CLASS_AUDIO &&
303 			    iface->intf_assoc->bFunctionProtocol == UAC_VERSION_2)
304 				assoc = iface->intf_assoc;
305 		}
306 
307 		if (!assoc) {
308 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "Audio class v2/v3 interfaces need an interface association\n");
309 			return -EINVAL;
310 		}
311 
312 		if (protocol == UAC_VERSION_3) {
313 			int badd = assoc->bFunctionSubClass;
314 
315 			if (badd != UAC3_FUNCTION_SUBCLASS_FULL_ADC_3_0 &&
316 			    (badd < UAC3_FUNCTION_SUBCLASS_GENERIC_IO ||
317 			     badd > UAC3_FUNCTION_SUBCLASS_SPEAKERPHONE)) {
318 				dev_err(&dev->dev,
319 					"Unsupported UAC3 BADD profile\n");
320 				return -EINVAL;
321 			}
322 
323 			chip->badd_profile = badd;
324 		}
325 
326 		for (i = 0; i < assoc->bInterfaceCount; i++) {
327 			int intf = assoc->bFirstInterface + i;
328 
329 			if (intf != ctrlif)
330 				snd_usb_create_stream(chip, ctrlif, intf);
331 		}
332 
333 		break;
334 	}
335 	}
336 
337 	return 0;
338 }
339 
340 /*
341  * Profile name preset table
342  */
343 struct usb_audio_device_name {
344 	u32 id;
345 	const char *vendor_name;
346 	const char *product_name;
347 	const char *profile_name;	/* override card->longname */
348 };
349 
350 #define PROFILE_NAME(vid, pid, vendor, product, profile)	 \
351 	{ .id = USB_ID(vid, pid), .vendor_name = (vendor),	 \
352 	  .product_name = (product), .profile_name = (profile) }
353 #define DEVICE_NAME(vid, pid, vendor, product) \
354 	PROFILE_NAME(vid, pid, vendor, product, NULL)
355 
356 /* vendor/product and profile name presets, sorted in device id order */
357 static const struct usb_audio_device_name usb_audio_names[] = {
358 	/* HP Thunderbolt Dock Audio Headset */
359 	PROFILE_NAME(0x03f0, 0x0269, "HP", "Thunderbolt Dock Audio Headset",
360 		     "HP-Thunderbolt-Dock-Audio-Headset"),
361 	/* HP Thunderbolt Dock Audio Module */
362 	PROFILE_NAME(0x03f0, 0x0567, "HP", "Thunderbolt Dock Audio Module",
363 		     "HP-Thunderbolt-Dock-Audio-Module"),
364 
365 	/* Two entries for Gigabyte TRX40 Aorus Master:
366 	 * TRX40 Aorus Master has two USB-audio devices, one for the front
367 	 * headphone with ESS SABRE9218 DAC chip, while another for the rest
368 	 * I/O (the rear panel and the front mic) with Realtek ALC1220-VB.
369 	 * Here we provide two distinct names for making UCM profiles easier.
370 	 */
371 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0414, 0xa000, "Gigabyte", "Aorus Master Front Headphone",
372 		     "Gigabyte-Aorus-Master-Front-Headphone"),
373 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0414, 0xa001, "Gigabyte", "Aorus Master Main Audio",
374 		     "Gigabyte-Aorus-Master-Main-Audio"),
375 
376 	/* Gigabyte TRX40 Aorus Pro WiFi */
377 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0414, 0xa002,
378 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
379 
380 	/* Creative/E-Mu devices */
381 	DEVICE_NAME(0x041e, 0x3010, "Creative Labs", "Sound Blaster MP3+"),
382 	/* Creative/Toshiba Multimedia Center SB-0500 */
383 	DEVICE_NAME(0x041e, 0x3048, "Toshiba", "SB-0500"),
384 
385 	DEVICE_NAME(0x046d, 0x0990, "Logitech, Inc.", "QuickCam Pro 9000"),
386 
387 	DEVICE_NAME(0x05e1, 0x0408, "Syntek", "STK1160"),
388 	DEVICE_NAME(0x05e1, 0x0480, "Hauppauge", "Woodbury"),
389 
390 	/* ASUS ROG Zenith II: this machine has also two devices, one for
391 	 * the front headphone and another for the rest
392 	 */
393 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0b05, 0x1915, "ASUS", "Zenith II Front Headphone",
394 		     "Zenith-II-Front-Headphone"),
395 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0b05, 0x1916, "ASUS", "Zenith II Main Audio",
396 		     "Zenith-II-Main-Audio"),
397 
398 	/* ASUS ROG Strix */
399 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0b05, 0x1917,
400 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
401 	/* ASUS PRIME TRX40 PRO-S */
402 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0b05, 0x1918,
403 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
404 
405 	/* Dell WD15 Dock */
406 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0bda, 0x4014, "Dell", "WD15 Dock", "Dell-WD15-Dock"),
407 	/* Dell WD19 Dock */
408 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0bda, 0x402e, "Dell", "WD19 Dock", "Dell-WD15-Dock"),
409 
410 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0ccd, 0x0028, "TerraTec", "Aureon5.1MkII"),
411 
412 	/*
413 	 * The original product_name is "USB Sound Device", however this name
414 	 * is also used by the CM106 based cards, so make it unique.
415 	 */
416 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0d8c, 0x0102, NULL, "ICUSBAUDIO7D"),
417 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0d8c, 0x0103, NULL, "Audio Advantage MicroII"),
418 
419 	/* MSI TRX40 Creator */
420 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0db0, 0x0d64,
421 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
422 	/* MSI TRX40 */
423 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0db0, 0x543d,
424 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
425 
426 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0fd9, 0x0008, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
427 
428 	/* Stanton/N2IT Final Scratch v1 device ('Scratchamp') */
429 	DEVICE_NAME(0x103d, 0x0100, "Stanton", "ScratchAmp"),
430 	DEVICE_NAME(0x103d, 0x0101, "Stanton", "ScratchAmp"),
431 
432 	/* aka. Serato Scratch Live DJ Box */
433 	DEVICE_NAME(0x13e5, 0x0001, "Rane", "SL-1"),
434 
435 	/* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Rear Line-in, Line-out and Microphone */
436 	PROFILE_NAME(0x17aa, 0x1046, "Lenovo", "ThinkStation P620 Rear",
437 		     "Lenovo-ThinkStation-P620-Rear"),
438 	/* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Internal Speaker + Front Headset */
439 	PROFILE_NAME(0x17aa, 0x104d, "Lenovo", "ThinkStation P620 Main",
440 		     "Lenovo-ThinkStation-P620-Main"),
441 
442 	/* Asrock TRX40 Creator */
443 	PROFILE_NAME(0x26ce, 0x0a01,
444 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
445 
446 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7200, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
447 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7201, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q-MXL"),
448 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7210, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
449 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7211, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q-MXL"),
450 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7213, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
451 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7217, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
452 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x721b, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
453 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x721e, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
454 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x721f, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
455 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7240, "Hauppauge", "HVR-850"),
456 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7260, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
457 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7270, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
458 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7280, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
459 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7281, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q-MXL"),
460 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x8200, "Hauppauge", "Woodbury"),
461 
462 	{ } /* terminator */
463 };
464 
465 static const struct usb_audio_device_name *
466 lookup_device_name(u32 id)
467 {
468 	static const struct usb_audio_device_name *p;
469 
470 	for (p = usb_audio_names; p->id; p++)
471 		if (p->id == id)
472 			return p;
473 	return NULL;
474 }
475 
476 /*
477  * free the chip instance
478  *
479  * here we have to do not much, since pcm and controls are already freed
480  *
481  */
482 
483 static void snd_usb_audio_free(struct snd_card *card)
484 {
485 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = card->private_data;
486 
487 	snd_usb_endpoint_free_all(chip);
488 
489 	mutex_destroy(&chip->mutex);
490 	if (!atomic_read(&chip->shutdown))
491 		dev_set_drvdata(&chip->dev->dev, NULL);
492 }
493 
494 static void usb_audio_make_shortname(struct usb_device *dev,
495 				     struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
496 				     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
497 {
498 	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
499 	const struct usb_audio_device_name *preset;
500 	const char *s = NULL;
501 
502 	preset = lookup_device_name(chip->usb_id);
503 	if (preset && preset->product_name)
504 		s = preset->product_name;
505 	else if (quirk && quirk->product_name)
506 		s = quirk->product_name;
507 	if (s && *s) {
508 		strscpy(card->shortname, s, sizeof(card->shortname));
509 		return;
510 	}
511 
512 	/* retrieve the device string as shortname */
513 	if (!dev->descriptor.iProduct ||
514 	    usb_string(dev, dev->descriptor.iProduct,
515 		       card->shortname, sizeof(card->shortname)) <= 0) {
516 		/* no name available from anywhere, so use ID */
517 		sprintf(card->shortname, "USB Device %#04x:%#04x",
518 			USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id),
519 			USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
520 	}
521 
522 	strim(card->shortname);
523 }
524 
525 static void usb_audio_make_longname(struct usb_device *dev,
526 				    struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
527 				    const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
528 {
529 	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
530 	const struct usb_audio_device_name *preset;
531 	const char *s = NULL;
532 	int len;
533 
534 	preset = lookup_device_name(chip->usb_id);
535 
536 	/* shortcut - if any pre-defined string is given, use it */
537 	if (preset && preset->profile_name)
538 		s = preset->profile_name;
539 	if (s && *s) {
540 		strscpy(card->longname, s, sizeof(card->longname));
541 		return;
542 	}
543 
544 	if (preset && preset->vendor_name)
545 		s = preset->vendor_name;
546 	else if (quirk && quirk->vendor_name)
547 		s = quirk->vendor_name;
548 	*card->longname = 0;
549 	if (s && *s) {
550 		strscpy(card->longname, s, sizeof(card->longname));
551 	} else {
552 		/* retrieve the vendor and device strings as longname */
553 		if (dev->descriptor.iManufacturer)
554 			usb_string(dev, dev->descriptor.iManufacturer,
555 				   card->longname, sizeof(card->longname));
556 		/* we don't really care if there isn't any vendor string */
557 	}
558 	if (*card->longname) {
559 		strim(card->longname);
560 		if (*card->longname)
561 			strlcat(card->longname, " ", sizeof(card->longname));
562 	}
563 
564 	strlcat(card->longname, card->shortname, sizeof(card->longname));
565 
566 	len = strlcat(card->longname, " at ", sizeof(card->longname));
567 
568 	if (len < sizeof(card->longname))
569 		usb_make_path(dev, card->longname + len, sizeof(card->longname) - len);
570 
571 	switch (snd_usb_get_speed(dev)) {
572 	case USB_SPEED_LOW:
573 		strlcat(card->longname, ", low speed", sizeof(card->longname));
574 		break;
575 	case USB_SPEED_FULL:
576 		strlcat(card->longname, ", full speed", sizeof(card->longname));
577 		break;
578 	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
579 		strlcat(card->longname, ", high speed", sizeof(card->longname));
580 		break;
581 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:
582 		strlcat(card->longname, ", super speed", sizeof(card->longname));
583 		break;
584 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
585 		strlcat(card->longname, ", super speed plus", sizeof(card->longname));
586 		break;
587 	default:
588 		break;
589 	}
590 }
591 
592 /*
593  * create a chip instance and set its names.
594  */
595 static int snd_usb_audio_create(struct usb_interface *intf,
596 				struct usb_device *dev, int idx,
597 				const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
598 				unsigned int usb_id,
599 				struct snd_usb_audio **rchip)
600 {
601 	struct snd_card *card;
602 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip;
603 	int err;
604 	char component[14];
605 
606 	*rchip = NULL;
607 
608 	switch (snd_usb_get_speed(dev)) {
609 	case USB_SPEED_LOW:
610 	case USB_SPEED_FULL:
611 	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
612 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:
613 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
614 		break;
615 	default:
616 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "unknown device speed %d\n", snd_usb_get_speed(dev));
617 		return -ENXIO;
618 	}
619 
620 	err = snd_card_new(&intf->dev, index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
621 			   sizeof(*chip), &card);
622 	if (err < 0) {
623 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "cannot create card instance %d\n", idx);
624 		return err;
625 	}
626 
627 	chip = card->private_data;
628 	mutex_init(&chip->mutex);
629 	init_waitqueue_head(&chip->shutdown_wait);
630 	chip->index = idx;
631 	chip->dev = dev;
632 	chip->card = card;
633 	chip->setup = device_setup[idx];
634 	chip->generic_implicit_fb = implicit_fb[idx];
635 	chip->autoclock = autoclock;
636 	chip->lowlatency = lowlatency;
637 	atomic_set(&chip->active, 1); /* avoid autopm during probing */
638 	atomic_set(&chip->usage_count, 0);
639 	atomic_set(&chip->shutdown, 0);
640 
641 	chip->usb_id = usb_id;
642 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->pcm_list);
643 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->ep_list);
644 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->iface_ref_list);
645 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->clock_ref_list);
646 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->midi_list);
647 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->mixer_list);
648 
649 	if (quirk_flags[idx])
650 		chip->quirk_flags = quirk_flags[idx];
651 	else
652 		snd_usb_init_quirk_flags(chip);
653 
654 	card->private_free = snd_usb_audio_free;
655 
656 	strcpy(card->driver, "USB-Audio");
657 	sprintf(component, "USB%04x:%04x",
658 		USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id), USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
659 	snd_component_add(card, component);
660 
661 	usb_audio_make_shortname(dev, chip, quirk);
662 	usb_audio_make_longname(dev, chip, quirk);
663 
664 	snd_usb_audio_create_proc(chip);
665 
666 	*rchip = chip;
667 	return 0;
668 }
669 
670 /* look for a matching quirk alias id */
671 static bool get_alias_id(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int *id)
672 {
673 	int i;
674 	unsigned int src, dst;
675 
676 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(quirk_alias); i++) {
677 		if (!quirk_alias[i] ||
678 		    sscanf(quirk_alias[i], "%x:%x", &src, &dst) != 2 ||
679 		    src != *id)
680 			continue;
681 		dev_info(&dev->dev,
682 			 "device (%04x:%04x): applying quirk alias %04x:%04x\n",
683 			 USB_ID_VENDOR(*id), USB_ID_PRODUCT(*id),
684 			 USB_ID_VENDOR(dst), USB_ID_PRODUCT(dst));
685 		*id = dst;
686 		return true;
687 	}
688 
689 	return false;
690 }
691 
692 static int check_delayed_register_option(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
693 {
694 	int i;
695 	unsigned int id, inum;
696 
697 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(delayed_register); i++) {
698 		if (delayed_register[i] &&
699 		    sscanf(delayed_register[i], "%x:%x", &id, &inum) == 2 &&
700 		    id == chip->usb_id)
701 			return inum;
702 	}
703 
704 	return -1;
705 }
706 
707 static const struct usb_device_id usb_audio_ids[]; /* defined below */
708 
709 /* look for the last interface that matches with our ids and remember it */
710 static void find_last_interface(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
711 {
712 	struct usb_host_config *config = chip->dev->actconfig;
713 	struct usb_interface *intf;
714 	int i;
715 
716 	if (!config)
717 		return;
718 	for (i = 0; i < config->desc.bNumInterfaces; i++) {
719 		intf = config->interface[i];
720 		if (usb_match_id(intf, usb_audio_ids))
721 			chip->last_iface = intf->altsetting[0].desc.bInterfaceNumber;
722 	}
723 	usb_audio_dbg(chip, "Found last interface = %d\n", chip->last_iface);
724 }
725 
726 /* look for the corresponding quirk */
727 static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *
728 get_alias_quirk(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int id)
729 {
730 	const struct usb_device_id *p;
731 
732 	for (p = usb_audio_ids; p->match_flags; p++) {
733 		/* FIXME: this checks only vendor:product pair in the list */
734 		if ((p->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE) ==
735 		    USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE &&
736 		    p->idVendor == USB_ID_VENDOR(id) &&
737 		    p->idProduct == USB_ID_PRODUCT(id))
738 			return (const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *)p->driver_info;
739 	}
740 
741 	return NULL;
742 }
743 
744 /* register card if we reach to the last interface or to the specified
745  * one given via option
746  */
747 static int try_to_register_card(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int ifnum)
748 {
749 	if (check_delayed_register_option(chip) == ifnum ||
750 	    chip->last_iface == ifnum ||
751 	    usb_interface_claimed(usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, chip->last_iface)))
752 		return snd_card_register(chip->card);
753 	return 0;
754 }
755 
756 /*
757  * probe the active usb device
758  *
759  * note that this can be called multiple times per a device, when it
760  * includes multiple audio control interfaces.
761  *
762  * thus we check the usb device pointer and creates the card instance
763  * only at the first time.  the successive calls of this function will
764  * append the pcm interface to the corresponding card.
765  */
766 static int usb_audio_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
767 			   const struct usb_device_id *usb_id)
768 {
769 	struct usb_device *dev = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
770 	const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk =
771 		(const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *)usb_id->driver_info;
772 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip;
773 	int i, err;
774 	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
775 	int ifnum;
776 	u32 id;
777 
778 	alts = &intf->altsetting[0];
779 	ifnum = get_iface_desc(alts)->bInterfaceNumber;
780 	id = USB_ID(le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor),
781 		    le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct));
782 	if (get_alias_id(dev, &id))
783 		quirk = get_alias_quirk(dev, id);
784 	if (quirk && quirk->ifnum >= 0 && ifnum != quirk->ifnum)
785 		return -ENXIO;
786 	if (quirk && quirk->ifnum == QUIRK_NODEV_INTERFACE)
787 		return -ENODEV;
788 
789 	err = snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk(dev, intf, quirk, id);
790 	if (err < 0)
791 		return err;
792 
793 	/*
794 	 * found a config.  now register to ALSA
795 	 */
796 
797 	/* check whether it's already registered */
798 	chip = NULL;
799 	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
800 	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_CARDS; i++) {
801 		if (usb_chip[i] && usb_chip[i]->dev == dev) {
802 			if (atomic_read(&usb_chip[i]->shutdown)) {
803 				dev_err(&dev->dev, "USB device is in the shutdown state, cannot create a card instance\n");
804 				err = -EIO;
805 				goto __error;
806 			}
807 			chip = usb_chip[i];
808 			atomic_inc(&chip->active); /* avoid autopm */
809 			break;
810 		}
811 	}
812 	if (! chip) {
813 		err = snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk_once(dev, intf, quirk, id);
814 		if (err < 0)
815 			goto __error;
816 
817 		/* it's a fresh one.
818 		 * now look for an empty slot and create a new card instance
819 		 */
820 		for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_CARDS; i++)
821 			if (!usb_chip[i] &&
822 			    (vid[i] == -1 || vid[i] == USB_ID_VENDOR(id)) &&
823 			    (pid[i] == -1 || pid[i] == USB_ID_PRODUCT(id))) {
824 				if (enable[i]) {
825 					err = snd_usb_audio_create(intf, dev, i, quirk,
826 								   id, &chip);
827 					if (err < 0)
828 						goto __error;
829 					break;
830 				} else if (vid[i] != -1 || pid[i] != -1) {
831 					dev_info(&dev->dev,
832 						 "device (%04x:%04x) is disabled\n",
833 						 USB_ID_VENDOR(id),
834 						 USB_ID_PRODUCT(id));
835 					err = -ENOENT;
836 					goto __error;
837 				}
838 			}
839 		if (!chip) {
840 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "no available usb audio device\n");
841 			err = -ENODEV;
842 			goto __error;
843 		}
844 		find_last_interface(chip);
845 	}
846 
847 	if (chip->num_interfaces >= MAX_CARD_INTERFACES) {
848 		dev_info(&dev->dev, "Too many interfaces assigned to the single USB-audio card\n");
849 		err = -EINVAL;
850 		goto __error;
851 	}
852 
853 	dev_set_drvdata(&dev->dev, chip);
854 
855 	if (ignore_ctl_error)
856 		chip->quirk_flags |= QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR;
857 
858 	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND)
859 		usb_disable_autosuspend(interface_to_usbdev(intf));
860 
861 	/*
862 	 * For devices with more than one control interface, we assume the
863 	 * first contains the audio controls. We might need a more specific
864 	 * check here in the future.
865 	 */
866 	if (!chip->ctrl_intf)
867 		chip->ctrl_intf = alts;
868 
869 	err = 1; /* continue */
870 	if (quirk && quirk->ifnum != QUIRK_NO_INTERFACE) {
871 		/* need some special handlings */
872 		err = snd_usb_create_quirk(chip, intf, &usb_audio_driver, quirk);
873 		if (err < 0)
874 			goto __error;
875 	}
876 
877 	if (err > 0) {
878 		/* create normal USB audio interfaces */
879 		err = snd_usb_create_streams(chip, ifnum);
880 		if (err < 0)
881 			goto __error;
882 		err = snd_usb_create_mixer(chip, ifnum);
883 		if (err < 0)
884 			goto __error;
885 	}
886 
887 	if (chip->need_delayed_register) {
888 		dev_info(&dev->dev,
889 			 "Found post-registration device assignment: %08x:%02x\n",
890 			 chip->usb_id, ifnum);
891 		chip->need_delayed_register = false; /* clear again */
892 	}
893 
894 	err = try_to_register_card(chip, ifnum);
895 	if (err < 0)
896 		goto __error_no_register;
897 
898 	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE) {
899 		/* don't want to fail when snd_media_device_create() fails */
900 		snd_media_device_create(chip, intf);
901 	}
902 
903 	if (quirk)
904 		chip->quirk_type = quirk->type;
905 
906 	usb_chip[chip->index] = chip;
907 	chip->intf[chip->num_interfaces] = intf;
908 	chip->num_interfaces++;
909 	usb_set_intfdata(intf, chip);
910 	atomic_dec(&chip->active);
911 	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
912 	return 0;
913 
914  __error:
915 	/* in the case of error in secondary interface, still try to register */
916 	if (chip)
917 		try_to_register_card(chip, ifnum);
918 
919  __error_no_register:
920 	if (chip) {
921 		/* chip->active is inside the chip->card object,
922 		 * decrement before memory is possibly returned.
923 		 */
924 		atomic_dec(&chip->active);
925 		if (!chip->num_interfaces)
926 			snd_card_free(chip->card);
927 	}
928 	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
929 	return err;
930 }
931 
932 /*
933  * we need to take care of counter, since disconnection can be called also
934  * many times as well as usb_audio_probe().
935  */
936 static void usb_audio_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
937 {
938 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
939 	struct snd_card *card;
940 	struct list_head *p;
941 
942 	if (chip == USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED)
943 		return;
944 
945 	card = chip->card;
946 
947 	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
948 	if (atomic_inc_return(&chip->shutdown) == 1) {
949 		struct snd_usb_stream *as;
950 		struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
951 		struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer;
952 
953 		/* wait until all pending tasks done;
954 		 * they are protected by snd_usb_lock_shutdown()
955 		 */
956 		wait_event(chip->shutdown_wait,
957 			   !atomic_read(&chip->usage_count));
958 		snd_card_disconnect(card);
959 		/* release the pcm resources */
960 		list_for_each_entry(as, &chip->pcm_list, list) {
961 			snd_usb_stream_disconnect(as);
962 		}
963 		/* release the endpoint resources */
964 		list_for_each_entry(ep, &chip->ep_list, list) {
965 			snd_usb_endpoint_release(ep);
966 		}
967 		/* release the midi resources */
968 		list_for_each(p, &chip->midi_list) {
969 			snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
970 		}
971 		/*
972 		 * Nice to check quirk && quirk->shares_media_device and
973 		 * then call the snd_media_device_delete(). Don't have
974 		 * access to the quirk here. snd_media_device_delete()
975 		 * accesses mixer_list
976 		 */
977 		snd_media_device_delete(chip);
978 
979 		/* release mixer resources */
980 		list_for_each_entry(mixer, &chip->mixer_list, list) {
981 			snd_usb_mixer_disconnect(mixer);
982 		}
983 	}
984 
985 	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND)
986 		usb_enable_autosuspend(interface_to_usbdev(intf));
987 
988 	chip->num_interfaces--;
989 	if (chip->num_interfaces <= 0) {
990 		usb_chip[chip->index] = NULL;
991 		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
992 		snd_card_free_when_closed(card);
993 	} else {
994 		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
995 	}
996 }
997 
998 /* lock the shutdown (disconnect) task and autoresume */
999 int snd_usb_lock_shutdown(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
1000 {
1001 	int err;
1002 
1003 	atomic_inc(&chip->usage_count);
1004 	if (atomic_read(&chip->shutdown)) {
1005 		err = -EIO;
1006 		goto error;
1007 	}
1008 	err = snd_usb_autoresume(chip);
1009 	if (err < 0)
1010 		goto error;
1011 	return 0;
1012 
1013  error:
1014 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&chip->usage_count))
1015 		wake_up(&chip->shutdown_wait);
1016 	return err;
1017 }
1018 
1019 /* autosuspend and unlock the shutdown */
1020 void snd_usb_unlock_shutdown(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
1021 {
1022 	snd_usb_autosuspend(chip);
1023 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&chip->usage_count))
1024 		wake_up(&chip->shutdown_wait);
1025 }
1026 
1027 int snd_usb_autoresume(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
1028 {
1029 	int i, err;
1030 
1031 	if (atomic_read(&chip->shutdown))
1032 		return -EIO;
1033 	if (atomic_inc_return(&chip->active) != 1)
1034 		return 0;
1035 
1036 	for (i = 0; i < chip->num_interfaces; i++) {
1037 		err = usb_autopm_get_interface(chip->intf[i]);
1038 		if (err < 0) {
1039 			/* rollback */
1040 			while (--i >= 0)
1041 				usb_autopm_put_interface(chip->intf[i]);
1042 			atomic_dec(&chip->active);
1043 			return err;
1044 		}
1045 	}
1046 	return 0;
1047 }
1048 
1049 void snd_usb_autosuspend(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
1050 {
1051 	int i;
1052 
1053 	if (atomic_read(&chip->shutdown))
1054 		return;
1055 	if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&chip->active))
1056 		return;
1057 
1058 	for (i = 0; i < chip->num_interfaces; i++)
1059 		usb_autopm_put_interface(chip->intf[i]);
1060 }
1061 
1062 static int usb_audio_suspend(struct usb_interface *intf, pm_message_t message)
1063 {
1064 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
1065 	struct snd_usb_stream *as;
1066 	struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
1067 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer;
1068 	struct list_head *p;
1069 
1070 	if (chip == USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED)
1071 		return 0;
1072 
1073 	if (!chip->num_suspended_intf++) {
1074 		list_for_each_entry(as, &chip->pcm_list, list)
1075 			snd_usb_pcm_suspend(as);
1076 		list_for_each_entry(ep, &chip->ep_list, list)
1077 			snd_usb_endpoint_suspend(ep);
1078 		list_for_each(p, &chip->midi_list)
1079 			snd_usbmidi_suspend(p);
1080 		list_for_each_entry(mixer, &chip->mixer_list, list)
1081 			snd_usb_mixer_suspend(mixer);
1082 	}
1083 
1084 	if (!PMSG_IS_AUTO(message) && !chip->system_suspend) {
1085 		snd_power_change_state(chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
1086 		chip->system_suspend = chip->num_suspended_intf;
1087 	}
1088 
1089 	return 0;
1090 }
1091 
1092 static int usb_audio_resume(struct usb_interface *intf)
1093 {
1094 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
1095 	struct snd_usb_stream *as;
1096 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer;
1097 	struct list_head *p;
1098 	int err = 0;
1099 
1100 	if (chip == USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED)
1101 		return 0;
1102 
1103 	atomic_inc(&chip->active); /* avoid autopm */
1104 	if (chip->num_suspended_intf > 1)
1105 		goto out;
1106 
1107 	list_for_each_entry(as, &chip->pcm_list, list) {
1108 		err = snd_usb_pcm_resume(as);
1109 		if (err < 0)
1110 			goto err_out;
1111 	}
1112 
1113 	/*
1114 	 * ALSA leaves material resumption to user space
1115 	 * we just notify and restart the mixers
1116 	 */
1117 	list_for_each_entry(mixer, &chip->mixer_list, list) {
1118 		err = snd_usb_mixer_resume(mixer);
1119 		if (err < 0)
1120 			goto err_out;
1121 	}
1122 
1123 	list_for_each(p, &chip->midi_list) {
1124 		snd_usbmidi_resume(p);
1125 	}
1126 
1127  out:
1128 	if (chip->num_suspended_intf == chip->system_suspend) {
1129 		snd_power_change_state(chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
1130 		chip->system_suspend = 0;
1131 	}
1132 	chip->num_suspended_intf--;
1133 
1134 err_out:
1135 	atomic_dec(&chip->active); /* allow autopm after this point */
1136 	return err;
1137 }
1138 
1139 static const struct usb_device_id usb_audio_ids [] = {
1140 #include "quirks-table.h"
1141     { .match_flags = (USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_SUBCLASS),
1142       .bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_AUDIO,
1143       .bInterfaceSubClass = USB_SUBCLASS_AUDIOCONTROL },
1144     { }						/* Terminating entry */
1145 };
1146 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, usb_audio_ids);
1147 
1148 /*
1149  * entry point for linux usb interface
1150  */
1151 
1152 static struct usb_driver usb_audio_driver = {
1153 	.name =		"snd-usb-audio",
1154 	.probe =	usb_audio_probe,
1155 	.disconnect =	usb_audio_disconnect,
1156 	.suspend =	usb_audio_suspend,
1157 	.resume =	usb_audio_resume,
1158 	.reset_resume =	usb_audio_resume,
1159 	.id_table =	usb_audio_ids,
1160 	.supports_autosuspend = 1,
1161 };
1162 
1163 module_usb_driver(usb_audio_driver);
1164