xref: /openbmc/linux/scripts/checkpatch.pl (revision afb46f79)
1#!/usr/bin/perl -w
2# (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
3# (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
4# (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
5# (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
6# Licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL License version 2
7
8use strict;
9use POSIX;
10
11my $P = $0;
12$P =~ s@.*/@@g;
13
14my $V = '0.32';
15
16use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
17
18my $quiet = 0;
19my $tree = 1;
20my $chk_signoff = 1;
21my $chk_patch = 1;
22my $tst_only;
23my $emacs = 0;
24my $terse = 0;
25my $file = 0;
26my $check = 0;
27my $summary = 1;
28my $mailback = 0;
29my $summary_file = 0;
30my $show_types = 0;
31my $fix = 0;
32my $fix_inplace = 0;
33my $root;
34my %debug;
35my %camelcase = ();
36my %use_type = ();
37my @use = ();
38my %ignore_type = ();
39my @ignore = ();
40my $help = 0;
41my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
42my $max_line_length = 80;
43my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
44my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
45
46sub help {
47	my ($exitcode) = @_;
48
49	print << "EOM";
50Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
51Version: $V
52
53Options:
54  -q, --quiet                quiet
55  --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
56  --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
57  --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
58  --emacs                    emacs compile window format
59  --terse                    one line per report
60  -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
61  --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
62  --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
63  --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
64  --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, if exceeded, warn
65  --show-types               show the message "types" in the output
66  --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
67  --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
68  --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
69  --summary-file             include the filename in summary
70  --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
71                             'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
72                             is all off)
73  --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
74                             literally
75  --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
76                             If correctable single-line errors exist, create
77                             "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
78                             with potential errors corrected to the preferred
79                             checkpatch style
80  --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
81                             Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
82                             file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
83  --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
84                             runtime errors.
85  -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
86
87When FILE is - read standard input.
88EOM
89
90	exit($exitcode);
91}
92
93my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
94if (-f $conf) {
95	my @conf_args;
96	open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
97	    or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
98
99	while (<$conffile>) {
100		my $line = $_;
101
102		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
103		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
104		$line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
105
106		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
107		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
108
109		my @words = split(" ", $line);
110		foreach my $word (@words) {
111			last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
112			push (@conf_args, $word);
113		}
114	}
115	close($conffile);
116	unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
117}
118
119GetOptions(
120	'q|quiet+'	=> \$quiet,
121	'tree!'		=> \$tree,
122	'signoff!'	=> \$chk_signoff,
123	'patch!'	=> \$chk_patch,
124	'emacs!'	=> \$emacs,
125	'terse!'	=> \$terse,
126	'f|file!'	=> \$file,
127	'subjective!'	=> \$check,
128	'strict!'	=> \$check,
129	'ignore=s'	=> \@ignore,
130	'types=s'	=> \@use,
131	'show-types!'	=> \$show_types,
132	'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
133	'root=s'	=> \$root,
134	'summary!'	=> \$summary,
135	'mailback!'	=> \$mailback,
136	'summary-file!'	=> \$summary_file,
137	'fix!'		=> \$fix,
138	'fix-inplace!'	=> \$fix_inplace,
139	'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
140	'debug=s'	=> \%debug,
141	'test-only=s'	=> \$tst_only,
142	'h|help'	=> \$help,
143	'version'	=> \$help
144) or help(1);
145
146help(0) if ($help);
147
148$fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
149
150my $exit = 0;
151
152if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
153	printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
154	if (!$ignore_perl_version) {
155		exit(1);
156	}
157}
158
159if ($#ARGV < 0) {
160	print "$P: no input files\n";
161	exit(1);
162}
163
164sub hash_save_array_words {
165	my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
166
167	my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
168	foreach my $word (@array) {
169		$word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
170		$word =~ s/^\s*//g;
171		$word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
172		$word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
173
174		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
175		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
176
177		$hashRef->{$word}++;
178	}
179}
180
181sub hash_show_words {
182	my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
183
184	if ($quiet == 0 && keys %$hashRef) {
185		print "NOTE: $prefix message types:";
186		foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
187			print " $word";
188		}
189		print "\n\n";
190	}
191}
192
193hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
194hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
195
196my $dbg_values = 0;
197my $dbg_possible = 0;
198my $dbg_type = 0;
199my $dbg_attr = 0;
200for my $key (keys %debug) {
201	## no critic
202	eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
203	die "$@" if ($@);
204}
205
206my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
207
208if ($terse) {
209	$emacs = 1;
210	$quiet++;
211}
212
213if ($tree) {
214	if (defined $root) {
215		if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
216			die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
217		}
218	} else {
219		if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
220			$root = '.';
221		} elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
222						top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
223			$root = $1;
224		}
225	}
226
227	if (!defined $root) {
228		print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
229		exit(2);
230	}
231}
232
233my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
234
235our $Ident	= qr{
236			[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
237			(?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
238		}x;
239our $Storage	= qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
240our $Sparse	= qr{
241			__user|
242			__kernel|
243			__force|
244			__iomem|
245			__must_check|
246			__init_refok|
247			__kprobes|
248			__ref|
249			__rcu
250		}x;
251our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
252our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
253our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
254our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
255our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
256
257# Notes to $Attribute:
258# We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
259our $Attribute	= qr{
260			const|
261			__percpu|
262			__nocast|
263			__safe|
264			__bitwise__|
265			__packed__|
266			__packed2__|
267			__naked|
268			__maybe_unused|
269			__always_unused|
270			__noreturn|
271			__used|
272			__cold|
273			__noclone|
274			__deprecated|
275			__read_mostly|
276			__kprobes|
277			$InitAttribute|
278			____cacheline_aligned|
279			____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
280			____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
281			__weak
282		  }x;
283our $Modifier;
284our $Inline	= qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
285our $Member	= qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
286our $Lval	= qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
287
288our $Int_type	= qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
289our $Binary	= qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
290our $Hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
291our $Int	= qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
292our $Octal	= qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
293our $Float_hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
294our $Float_dec	= qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
295our $Float_int	= qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
296our $Float	= qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
297our $Constant	= qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
298our $Assignment	= qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
299our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
300our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
301our $Operators	= qr{
302			<=|>=|==|!=|
303			=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
304			&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
305		  }x;
306
307our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
308
309our $NonptrType;
310our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
311our $Type;
312our $Declare;
313
314our $NON_ASCII_UTF8	= qr{
315	[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
316	|  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
317	| [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
318	|  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
319	|  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
320	| [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
321	|  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
322}x;
323
324our $UTF8	= qr{
325	[\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
326	| $NON_ASCII_UTF8
327}x;
328
329our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
330	(?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
331	atomic_t
332)};
333
334our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
335	printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
336	(?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
337	WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
338	panic|
339	MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
340	seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
341)};
342
343our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
344	Signed-off-by:|
345	Acked-by:|
346	Tested-by:|
347	Reviewed-by:|
348	Reported-by:|
349	Suggested-by:|
350	To:|
351	Cc:
352)};
353
354our @typeList = (
355	qr{void},
356	qr{(?:unsigned\s+)?char},
357	qr{(?:unsigned\s+)?short},
358	qr{(?:unsigned\s+)?int},
359	qr{(?:unsigned\s+)?long},
360	qr{(?:unsigned\s+)?long\s+int},
361	qr{(?:unsigned\s+)?long\s+long},
362	qr{(?:unsigned\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
363	qr{unsigned},
364	qr{float},
365	qr{double},
366	qr{bool},
367	qr{struct\s+$Ident},
368	qr{union\s+$Ident},
369	qr{enum\s+$Ident},
370	qr{${Ident}_t},
371	qr{${Ident}_handler},
372	qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
373);
374our @typeListWithAttr = (
375	@typeList,
376	qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
377	qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
378);
379
380our @modifierList = (
381	qr{fastcall},
382);
383
384our @mode_permission_funcs = (
385	["module_param", 3],
386	["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
387	["module_param_array_named", 5],
388	["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
389	["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
390	["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR)_ATTR", 2],
391);
392
393#Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
394our $mode_perms_search = "";
395foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
396	$mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
397	$mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
398}
399
400our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
401	irq|
402	memory
403)};
404# memory.h: ARM has a custom one
405
406sub build_types {
407	my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @modifierList) . "\n)";
408	my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeList) . "\n)";
409	my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
410	$Modifier	= qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
411	$NonptrType	= qr{
412			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
413			(?:
414				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
415				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
416				(?:${all}\b)
417			)
418			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
419		  }x;
420	$NonptrTypeWithAttr	= qr{
421			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
422			(?:
423				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
424				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
425				(?:${allWithAttr}\b)
426			)
427			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
428		  }x;
429	$Type	= qr{
430			$NonptrType
431			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
432			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
433		  }x;
434	$Declare	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
435}
436build_types();
437
438our $Typecast	= qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
439
440# Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
441# requires at least perl version v5.10.0
442# Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
443
444our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
445our $LvalOrFunc	= qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
446our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant)};
447
448sub deparenthesize {
449	my ($string) = @_;
450	return "" if (!defined($string));
451
452	while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
453		$string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
454		$string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
455	}
456
457	$string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
458
459	return $string;
460}
461
462sub seed_camelcase_file {
463	my ($file) = @_;
464
465	return if (!(-f $file));
466
467	local $/;
468
469	open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
470	    or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
471	my $text = <$include_file>;
472	close($include_file);
473
474	my @lines = split('\n', $text);
475
476	foreach my $line (@lines) {
477		next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
478		if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
479			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
480		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
481			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
482		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
483			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
484		}
485	}
486}
487
488my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
489sub seed_camelcase_includes {
490	return if ($camelcase_seeded);
491
492	my $files;
493	my $camelcase_cache = "";
494	my @include_files = ();
495
496	$camelcase_seeded = 1;
497
498	if (-e ".git") {
499		my $git_last_include_commit = `git log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
500		chomp $git_last_include_commit;
501		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
502	} else {
503		my $last_mod_date = 0;
504		$files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
505		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
506		foreach my $file (@include_files) {
507			my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
508						   localtime((stat $file)[9]));
509			$last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
510		}
511		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
512	}
513
514	if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
515		open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
516		    or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
517		while (<$camelcase_file>) {
518			chomp;
519			$camelcase{$_} = 1;
520		}
521		close($camelcase_file);
522
523		return;
524	}
525
526	if (-e ".git") {
527		$files = `git ls-files "include/*.h"`;
528		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
529	}
530
531	foreach my $file (@include_files) {
532		seed_camelcase_file($file);
533	}
534
535	if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
536		unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
537		open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
538		    or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
539		foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
540			print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
541		}
542		close($camelcase_file);
543	}
544}
545
546$chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
547
548my @rawlines = ();
549my @lines = ();
550my @fixed = ();
551my $vname;
552for my $filename (@ARGV) {
553	my $FILE;
554	if ($file) {
555		open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
556			die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
557	} elsif ($filename eq '-') {
558		open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
559	} else {
560		open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
561			die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
562	}
563	if ($filename eq '-') {
564		$vname = 'Your patch';
565	} else {
566		$vname = $filename;
567	}
568	while (<$FILE>) {
569		chomp;
570		push(@rawlines, $_);
571	}
572	close($FILE);
573	if (!process($filename)) {
574		$exit = 1;
575	}
576	@rawlines = ();
577	@lines = ();
578	@fixed = ();
579}
580
581exit($exit);
582
583sub top_of_kernel_tree {
584	my ($root) = @_;
585
586	my @tree_check = (
587		"COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
588		"README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
589		"fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
590	);
591
592	foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
593		if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
594			return 0;
595		}
596	}
597	return 1;
598}
599
600sub parse_email {
601	my ($formatted_email) = @_;
602
603	my $name = "";
604	my $address = "";
605	my $comment = "";
606
607	if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
608		$name = $1;
609		$address = $2;
610		$comment = $3 if defined $3;
611	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
612		$address = $1;
613		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
614	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
615		$address = $1;
616		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
617		$formatted_email =~ s/$address.*$//;
618		$name = $formatted_email;
619		$name = trim($name);
620		$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
621		# If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
622		# leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
623		# leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
624		# is invalid. ie:
625		#   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
626		#   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
627		if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
628			$name = "";
629			$address = "";
630			$comment = "";
631		}
632	}
633
634	$name = trim($name);
635	$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
636	$address = trim($address);
637	$address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
638
639	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
640		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
641		$name = "\"$name\"";
642	}
643
644	return ($name, $address, $comment);
645}
646
647sub format_email {
648	my ($name, $address) = @_;
649
650	my $formatted_email;
651
652	$name = trim($name);
653	$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
654	$address = trim($address);
655
656	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
657		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
658		$name = "\"$name\"";
659	}
660
661	if ("$name" eq "") {
662		$formatted_email = "$address";
663	} else {
664		$formatted_email = "$name <$address>";
665	}
666
667	return $formatted_email;
668}
669
670sub which_conf {
671	my ($conf) = @_;
672
673	foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
674		if (-e "$path/$conf") {
675			return "$path/$conf";
676		}
677	}
678
679	return "";
680}
681
682sub expand_tabs {
683	my ($str) = @_;
684
685	my $res = '';
686	my $n = 0;
687	for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
688		if ($c eq "\t") {
689			$res .= ' ';
690			$n++;
691			for (; ($n % 8) != 0; $n++) {
692				$res .= ' ';
693			}
694			next;
695		}
696		$res .= $c;
697		$n++;
698	}
699
700	return $res;
701}
702sub copy_spacing {
703	(my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
704	return $res;
705}
706
707sub line_stats {
708	my ($line) = @_;
709
710	# Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
711	$line =~ s/^.//;
712	$line = expand_tabs($line);
713
714	# Pick the indent from the front of the line.
715	my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
716
717	return (length($line), length($white));
718}
719
720my $sanitise_quote = '';
721
722sub sanitise_line_reset {
723	my ($in_comment) = @_;
724
725	if ($in_comment) {
726		$sanitise_quote = '*/';
727	} else {
728		$sanitise_quote = '';
729	}
730}
731sub sanitise_line {
732	my ($line) = @_;
733
734	my $res = '';
735	my $l = '';
736
737	my $qlen = 0;
738	my $off = 0;
739	my $c;
740
741	# Always copy over the diff marker.
742	$res = substr($line, 0, 1);
743
744	for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
745		$c = substr($line, $off, 1);
746
747		# Comments we are wacking completly including the begin
748		# and end, all to $;.
749		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
750			$sanitise_quote = '*/';
751
752			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
753			$off++;
754			next;
755		}
756		if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
757			$sanitise_quote = '';
758			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
759			$off++;
760			next;
761		}
762		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
763			$sanitise_quote = '//';
764
765			substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
766			$off++;
767			next;
768		}
769
770		# A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
771		if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
772		    $c eq "\\") {
773			substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
774			$off++;
775			next;
776		}
777		# Regular quotes.
778		if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
779			if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
780				$sanitise_quote = $c;
781
782				substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
783				next;
784			} elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
785				$sanitise_quote = '';
786			}
787		}
788
789		#print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
790		if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
791			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
792		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
793			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
794		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
795			substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
796		} else {
797			substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
798		}
799	}
800
801	if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
802		$sanitise_quote = '';
803	}
804
805	# The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
806	if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
807		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
808		$res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
809
810	# The whole of a #error is a string.
811	} elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
812		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
813		$res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
814	}
815
816	return $res;
817}
818
819sub get_quoted_string {
820	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
821
822	return "" if ($line !~ m/(\"[X]+\")/g);
823	return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
824}
825
826sub ctx_statement_block {
827	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
828	my $line = $linenr - 1;
829	my $blk = '';
830	my $soff = $off;
831	my $coff = $off - 1;
832	my $coff_set = 0;
833
834	my $loff = 0;
835
836	my $type = '';
837	my $level = 0;
838	my @stack = ();
839	my $p;
840	my $c;
841	my $len = 0;
842
843	my $remainder;
844	while (1) {
845		@stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
846
847		#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
848		# If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
849		# context.
850		if ($off >= $len) {
851			for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
852				last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
853				next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
854				$remain--;
855				$loff = $len;
856				$blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
857				$len = length($blk);
858				$line++;
859				last;
860			}
861			# Bail if there is no further context.
862			#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
863			if ($off >= $len) {
864				last;
865			}
866			if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
867				$level++;
868				$type = '#';
869			}
870		}
871		$p = $c;
872		$c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
873		$remainder = substr($blk, $off);
874
875		#warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
876
877		# Handle nested #if/#else.
878		if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
879			push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
880		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
881			($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
882		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
883			($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
884		}
885
886		# Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
887		# outermost level.
888		if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
889			last;
890		}
891
892		# An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
893		if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
894				(!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
895				$remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
896				$remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
897			$coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
898			$coff_set = 1;
899			#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
900			#warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
901		}
902
903		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
904			$level++;
905			$type = '(';
906		}
907		if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
908			$level--;
909			$type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
910
911			if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
912				$coff = $off;
913				$coff_set = 1;
914				#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
915			}
916		}
917		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
918			$level++;
919			$type = '{';
920		}
921		if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
922			$level--;
923			$type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
924
925			if ($level == 0) {
926				if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
927					$off++;
928				}
929				last;
930			}
931		}
932		# Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
933		if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
934			$level--;
935			$type = '';
936			$off++;
937			last;
938		}
939		$off++;
940	}
941	# We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
942	if ($off == $len) {
943		$loff = $len + 1;
944		$line++;
945		$remain--;
946	}
947
948	my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
949	my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
950
951	#warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
952	#warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
953
954	#print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
955
956	return ($statement, $condition,
957			$line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
958}
959
960sub statement_lines {
961	my ($stmt) = @_;
962
963	# Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
964	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
965	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
966	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
967
968	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
969
970	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
971}
972
973sub statement_rawlines {
974	my ($stmt) = @_;
975
976	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
977
978	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
979}
980
981sub statement_block_size {
982	my ($stmt) = @_;
983
984	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
985	$stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
986	$stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
987	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
988	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
989
990	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
991	my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
992
993	my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
994	my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
995
996	if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
997		return $stmt_lines;
998	} else {
999		return $stmt_statements;
1000	}
1001}
1002
1003sub ctx_statement_full {
1004	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1005	my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1006
1007	my (@chunks);
1008
1009	# Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1010	($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1011				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1012	#print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1013	push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1014	if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1015		return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1016	}
1017
1018	# Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1019	# could continue the statement.
1020	for (;;) {
1021		($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1022				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1023		#print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1024		last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1025		#print "C: push\n";
1026		push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1027	}
1028
1029	return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1030}
1031
1032sub ctx_block_get {
1033	my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1034	my $line;
1035	my $start = $linenr - 1;
1036	my $blk = '';
1037	my @o;
1038	my @c;
1039	my @res = ();
1040
1041	my $level = 0;
1042	my @stack = ($level);
1043	for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1044		next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1045		$remain--;
1046
1047		$blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1048
1049		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1050		if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1051			push(@stack, $level);
1052		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1053			$level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1054		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1055			$level = pop(@stack);
1056		}
1057
1058		foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1059			##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1060			if ($off > 0) {
1061				$off--;
1062				next;
1063			}
1064
1065			if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1066				$level--;
1067				last if ($level == 0);
1068			} elsif ($c eq $open) {
1069				$level++;
1070			}
1071		}
1072
1073		if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1074			push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1075		}
1076
1077		last if ($level == 0);
1078	}
1079
1080	return ($level, @res);
1081}
1082sub ctx_block_outer {
1083	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1084
1085	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1086	return @r;
1087}
1088sub ctx_block {
1089	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1090
1091	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1092	return @r;
1093}
1094sub ctx_statement {
1095	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1096
1097	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1098	return @r;
1099}
1100sub ctx_block_level {
1101	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1102
1103	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1104}
1105sub ctx_statement_level {
1106	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1107
1108	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1109}
1110
1111sub ctx_locate_comment {
1112	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1113
1114	# Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1115	my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1116	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1117
1118	# Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1119	# comment.
1120	my $in_comment = 0;
1121	$current_comment = '';
1122	for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1123		my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1124		#warn "           $line\n";
1125		if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1126			$in_comment = 1;
1127		}
1128		if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1129			$in_comment = 1;
1130		}
1131		if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1132			$current_comment = '';
1133		}
1134		$current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1135		if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1136			$in_comment = 0;
1137		}
1138	}
1139
1140	chomp($current_comment);
1141	return($current_comment);
1142}
1143sub ctx_has_comment {
1144	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1145	my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1146
1147	##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1148	##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1149
1150	return ($cmt ne '');
1151}
1152
1153sub raw_line {
1154	my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1155
1156	my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1157	$cnt++;
1158
1159	my $line;
1160	while ($cnt) {
1161		$line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1162		next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1163		$cnt--;
1164	}
1165
1166	return $line;
1167}
1168
1169sub cat_vet {
1170	my ($vet) = @_;
1171	my ($res, $coded);
1172
1173	$res = '';
1174	while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1175		$res .= $1;
1176		if ($2 ne '') {
1177			$coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1178			$res .= $coded;
1179		}
1180	}
1181	$res =~ s/$/\$/;
1182
1183	return $res;
1184}
1185
1186my $av_preprocessor = 0;
1187my $av_pending;
1188my @av_paren_type;
1189my $av_pend_colon;
1190
1191sub annotate_reset {
1192	$av_preprocessor = 0;
1193	$av_pending = '_';
1194	@av_paren_type = ('E');
1195	$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1196}
1197
1198sub annotate_values {
1199	my ($stream, $type) = @_;
1200
1201	my $res;
1202	my $var = '_' x length($stream);
1203	my $cur = $stream;
1204
1205	print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1206
1207	while (length($cur)) {
1208		@av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
1209		print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
1210				"> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1211		if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
1212			print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1213			if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
1214				$type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1215				$av_preprocessor = 0;
1216			}
1217
1218		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
1219			print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1220			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1221			$type = 'c';
1222
1223		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
1224			print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1225			$type = 'T';
1226
1227		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
1228			print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1229			$type = 'T';
1230
1231		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
1232			print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1233			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1234			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1235			if ($2 ne '') {
1236				$av_pending = 'N';
1237			}
1238			$type = 'E';
1239
1240		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
1241			print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1242			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1243			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1244
1245		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
1246			print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1247			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1248
1249			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1250			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1251			$type = 'E';
1252
1253		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
1254			print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1255			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1256
1257			push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
1258
1259			$type = 'E';
1260
1261		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
1262			print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1263
1264			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1265
1266			# Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
1267			# one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
1268			pop(@av_paren_type);
1269			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1270			$type = 'E';
1271
1272		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
1273			print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1274
1275		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
1276			print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1277			$av_pending = $type;
1278			$type = 'N';
1279
1280		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
1281			print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1282			if (defined $2) {
1283				$av_pending = 'V';
1284			}
1285			$type = 'N';
1286
1287		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
1288			print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1289			$av_pending = 'E';
1290			$type = 'N';
1291
1292		} elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
1293			print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1294			$av_pend_colon = 'C';
1295			$type = 'N';
1296
1297		} elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
1298			print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1299			$type = 'N';
1300
1301		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
1302			print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1303			push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
1304			$av_pending = '_';
1305			$type = 'N';
1306
1307		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
1308			my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1309			if ($new_type ne '_') {
1310				$type = $new_type;
1311				print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
1312							if ($dbg_values > 1);
1313			} else {
1314				print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1315			}
1316
1317		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
1318			print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1319			$type = 'V';
1320			$av_pending = 'V';
1321
1322		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
1323			if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
1324				$av_pend_colon = 'B';
1325			} elsif ($type eq 'E') {
1326				$av_pend_colon = 'L';
1327			}
1328			print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1329			$type = 'V';
1330
1331		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
1332			print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1333			$type = 'V';
1334
1335		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
1336			print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1337			$type = 'N';
1338
1339		} elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
1340			print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1341			$type = 'E';
1342			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1343
1344		} elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
1345			print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1346			$type = 'C';
1347
1348		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
1349			print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1350			$type = 'N';
1351
1352		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
1353			print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1354
1355			substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
1356			if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
1357				$type = 'E';
1358			} else {
1359				$type = 'N';
1360			}
1361			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1362
1363		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
1364			print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1365			$type = 'N';
1366
1367		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
1368			my $variant;
1369
1370			print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1371			if ($type eq 'V') {
1372				$variant = 'B';
1373			} else {
1374				$variant = 'U';
1375			}
1376
1377			substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
1378			$type = 'N';
1379
1380		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
1381			print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1382			if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
1383				$type = 'N';
1384			}
1385
1386		} elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
1387			print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1388		}
1389		if (defined $1) {
1390			$cur = substr($cur, length($1));
1391			$res .= $type x length($1);
1392		}
1393	}
1394
1395	return ($res, $var);
1396}
1397
1398sub possible {
1399	my ($possible, $line) = @_;
1400	my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
1401		^(?:
1402			$Modifier|
1403			$Storage|
1404			$Type|
1405			DEFINE_\S+
1406		)$|
1407		^(?:
1408			goto|
1409			return|
1410			case|
1411			else|
1412			asm|__asm__|
1413			do|
1414			\#|
1415			\#\#|
1416		)(?:\s|$)|
1417		^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
1418	    )}x;
1419	warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
1420	if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
1421		# Check for modifiers.
1422		$possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
1423		$possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
1424		if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
1425
1426		} elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
1427			$possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
1428			for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
1429				if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
1430					warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1431					push(@modifierList, $modifier);
1432				}
1433			}
1434
1435		} else {
1436			warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1437			push(@typeList, $possible);
1438		}
1439		build_types();
1440	} else {
1441		warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
1442	}
1443}
1444
1445my $prefix = '';
1446
1447sub show_type {
1448	my ($type) = @_;
1449
1450	return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
1451
1452	return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
1453}
1454
1455sub report {
1456	my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
1457
1458	if (!show_type($type) ||
1459	    (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
1460		return 0;
1461	}
1462	my $line;
1463	if ($show_types) {
1464		$line = "$prefix$level:$type: $msg\n";
1465	} else {
1466		$line = "$prefix$level: $msg\n";
1467	}
1468	$line = (split('\n', $line))[0] . "\n" if ($terse);
1469
1470	push(our @report, $line);
1471
1472	return 1;
1473}
1474
1475sub report_dump {
1476	our @report;
1477}
1478
1479sub ERROR {
1480	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1481
1482	if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
1483		our $clean = 0;
1484		our $cnt_error++;
1485		return 1;
1486	}
1487	return 0;
1488}
1489sub WARN {
1490	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1491
1492	if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
1493		our $clean = 0;
1494		our $cnt_warn++;
1495		return 1;
1496	}
1497	return 0;
1498}
1499sub CHK {
1500	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1501
1502	if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
1503		our $clean = 0;
1504		our $cnt_chk++;
1505		return 1;
1506	}
1507	return 0;
1508}
1509
1510sub check_absolute_file {
1511	my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
1512	my $file = $absolute;
1513
1514	##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
1515
1516	# See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
1517	while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
1518		if (-f "$root/$file") {
1519			##print "file<$file>\n";
1520			last;
1521		}
1522	}
1523	if (! -f _)  {
1524		return 0;
1525	}
1526
1527	# It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
1528	my $prefix = $absolute;
1529	substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
1530
1531	##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
1532	if ($prefix ne ".../") {
1533		WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
1534		     "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
1535	}
1536}
1537
1538sub trim {
1539	my ($string) = @_;
1540
1541	$string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
1542
1543	return $string;
1544}
1545
1546sub ltrim {
1547	my ($string) = @_;
1548
1549	$string =~ s/^\s+//;
1550
1551	return $string;
1552}
1553
1554sub rtrim {
1555	my ($string) = @_;
1556
1557	$string =~ s/\s+$//;
1558
1559	return $string;
1560}
1561
1562sub string_find_replace {
1563	my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
1564
1565	$string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
1566
1567	return $string;
1568}
1569
1570sub tabify {
1571	my ($leading) = @_;
1572
1573	my $source_indent = 8;
1574	my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
1575	my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
1576
1577	#convert leading spaces to tabs
1578	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
1579	#Remove spaces before a tab
1580	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
1581
1582	return "$leading";
1583}
1584
1585sub pos_last_openparen {
1586	my ($line) = @_;
1587
1588	my $pos = 0;
1589
1590	my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
1591	my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
1592
1593	my $last_openparen = 0;
1594
1595	if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
1596		return -1;
1597	}
1598
1599	my $len = length($line);
1600
1601	for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
1602		my $string = substr($line, $pos);
1603		if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
1604			$pos += length($1) - 1;
1605		} elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
1606			$last_openparen = $pos;
1607		} elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
1608			last;
1609		}
1610	}
1611
1612	return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
1613}
1614
1615sub process {
1616	my $filename = shift;
1617
1618	my $linenr=0;
1619	my $prevline="";
1620	my $prevrawline="";
1621	my $stashline="";
1622	my $stashrawline="";
1623
1624	my $length;
1625	my $indent;
1626	my $previndent=0;
1627	my $stashindent=0;
1628
1629	our $clean = 1;
1630	my $signoff = 0;
1631	my $is_patch = 0;
1632
1633	my $in_header_lines = 1;
1634	my $in_commit_log = 0;		#Scanning lines before patch
1635
1636	my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
1637
1638	our @report = ();
1639	our $cnt_lines = 0;
1640	our $cnt_error = 0;
1641	our $cnt_warn = 0;
1642	our $cnt_chk = 0;
1643
1644	# Trace the real file/line as we go.
1645	my $realfile = '';
1646	my $realline = 0;
1647	my $realcnt = 0;
1648	my $here = '';
1649	my $in_comment = 0;
1650	my $comment_edge = 0;
1651	my $first_line = 0;
1652	my $p1_prefix = '';
1653
1654	my $prev_values = 'E';
1655
1656	# suppression flags
1657	my %suppress_ifbraces;
1658	my %suppress_whiletrailers;
1659	my %suppress_export;
1660	my $suppress_statement = 0;
1661
1662	my %signatures = ();
1663
1664	# Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
1665	# Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
1666	#
1667	my @setup_docs = ();
1668	my $setup_docs = 0;
1669
1670	my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
1671
1672	sanitise_line_reset();
1673	my $line;
1674	foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
1675		$linenr++;
1676		$line = $rawline;
1677
1678		push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
1679
1680		if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
1681			$setup_docs = 0;
1682			if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
1683				$setup_docs = 1;
1684			}
1685			#next;
1686		}
1687		if ($rawline=~/^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
1688			$realline=$1-1;
1689			if (defined $2) {
1690				$realcnt=$3+1;
1691			} else {
1692				$realcnt=1+1;
1693			}
1694			$in_comment = 0;
1695
1696			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
1697			# the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
1698			# edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
1699			# at context start.
1700			my $edge;
1701			my $cnt = $realcnt;
1702			for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
1703				next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
1704					 $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
1705				$cnt--;
1706				#print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
1707				last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
1708				if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
1709				    $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
1710					($edge) = $1;
1711					last;
1712				}
1713			}
1714			if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
1715				$in_comment = 1;
1716			}
1717
1718			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
1719			# is the start of a diff block and this line starts
1720			# ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
1721			if (!defined $edge &&
1722			    $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
1723			{
1724				$in_comment = 1;
1725			}
1726
1727			##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
1728			sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
1729
1730		} elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
1731			# Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
1732			# simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
1733			$line = sanitise_line($rawline);
1734		}
1735		push(@lines, $line);
1736
1737		if ($realcnt > 1) {
1738			$realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
1739		} else {
1740			$realcnt = 0;
1741		}
1742
1743		#print "==>$rawline\n";
1744		#print "-->$line\n";
1745
1746		if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
1747			push(@setup_docs, $line);
1748		}
1749	}
1750
1751	$prefix = '';
1752
1753	$realcnt = 0;
1754	$linenr = 0;
1755	foreach my $line (@lines) {
1756		$linenr++;
1757		my $sline = $line;	#copy of $line
1758		$sline =~ s/$;/ /g;	#with comments as spaces
1759
1760		my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1761
1762#extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
1763		if ($line=~/^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
1764			$is_patch = 1;
1765			$first_line = $linenr + 1;
1766			$realline=$1-1;
1767			if (defined $2) {
1768				$realcnt=$3+1;
1769			} else {
1770				$realcnt=1+1;
1771			}
1772			annotate_reset();
1773			$prev_values = 'E';
1774
1775			%suppress_ifbraces = ();
1776			%suppress_whiletrailers = ();
1777			%suppress_export = ();
1778			$suppress_statement = 0;
1779			next;
1780
1781# track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
1782# new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
1783# blank context lines so we need to count that too.
1784		} elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
1785			$realline++;
1786			$realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
1787
1788			# Measure the line length and indent.
1789			($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
1790
1791			# Track the previous line.
1792			($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
1793			($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
1794			($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
1795
1796			#warn "line<$line>\n";
1797
1798		} elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
1799			$realcnt--;
1800		}
1801
1802		my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
1803
1804#make up the handle for any error we report on this line
1805		$prefix = "$filename:$realline: " if ($emacs && $file);
1806		$prefix = "$filename:$linenr: " if ($emacs && !$file);
1807
1808		$here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
1809		$here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
1810
1811		# extract the filename as it passes
1812		if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
1813			$realfile = $1;
1814			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
1815			$in_commit_log = 0;
1816		} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
1817			$realfile = $1;
1818			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
1819			$in_commit_log = 0;
1820
1821			$p1_prefix = $1;
1822			if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
1823			    -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
1824				WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
1825				     "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
1826			}
1827
1828			if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
1829				ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
1830				      "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
1831			}
1832			next;
1833		}
1834
1835		$here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
1836
1837		my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
1838		my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
1839		my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
1840
1841		$cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
1842
1843# Check for incorrect file permissions
1844		if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
1845			my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
1846			if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
1847			    $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
1848				ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
1849				      "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
1850			}
1851		}
1852
1853# Check the patch for a signoff:
1854		if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:/i) {
1855			$signoff++;
1856			$in_commit_log = 0;
1857		}
1858
1859# Check signature styles
1860		if (!$in_header_lines &&
1861		    $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
1862			my $space_before = $1;
1863			my $sign_off = $2;
1864			my $space_after = $3;
1865			my $email = $4;
1866			my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
1867
1868			if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
1869				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
1870				     "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
1871			}
1872			if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
1873				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
1874					 "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
1875				    $fix) {
1876					$fixed[$linenr - 1] =
1877					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
1878				}
1879			}
1880			if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
1881				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
1882					 "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
1883				    $fix) {
1884					$fixed[$linenr - 1] =
1885					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
1886				}
1887
1888			}
1889			if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
1890				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
1891					 "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
1892				    $fix) {
1893					$fixed[$linenr - 1] =
1894					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
1895				}
1896			}
1897
1898			my ($email_name, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
1899			my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $email_address));
1900			if ($suggested_email eq "") {
1901				ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
1902				      "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
1903			} else {
1904				my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
1905				$dequoted =~ s/^"//;
1906				$dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
1907				# Don't force email to have quotes
1908				# Allow just an angle bracketed address
1909				if ("$dequoted$comment" ne $email &&
1910				    "<$email_address>$comment" ne $email &&
1911				    "$suggested_email$comment" ne $email) {
1912					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
1913					     "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email$comment'\n" . $herecurr);
1914				}
1915			}
1916
1917# Check for duplicate signatures
1918			my $sig_nospace = $line;
1919			$sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
1920			$sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
1921			if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
1922				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
1923				     "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
1924			} else {
1925				$signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
1926			}
1927		}
1928
1929# Check for unwanted Gerrit info
1930		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
1931			ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
1932			      "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream.\n" . $herecurr);
1933		}
1934
1935# Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
1936		if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
1937			ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
1938			      "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
1939				$herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
1940		}
1941
1942# Check for absolute kernel paths.
1943		if ($tree) {
1944			while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
1945				my $file = $1;
1946
1947				if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
1948				    check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
1949					#
1950				} else {
1951					check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
1952				}
1953			}
1954		}
1955
1956# UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
1957		if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
1958		    $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
1959			my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
1960
1961			my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
1962			my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
1963			my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
1964
1965			CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
1966			    "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
1967		}
1968
1969# Check if it's the start of a commit log
1970# (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
1971		if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
1972		    $rawline !~ /^(commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:).+$/i) {
1973			$in_header_lines = 0;
1974			$in_commit_log = 1;
1975		}
1976
1977# Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
1978# declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
1979		if ($in_header_lines &&
1980		    $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
1981		    $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
1982			$non_utf8_charset = 1;
1983		}
1984
1985		if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
1986		    $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
1987			WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
1988			    "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
1989		}
1990
1991# ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
1992		next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
1993
1994#trailing whitespace
1995		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
1996			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
1997			if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
1998				  "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
1999			    $fix) {
2000				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
2001			}
2002		} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
2003			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2004			if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
2005				  "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
2006			    $fix) {
2007				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\s+$//;
2008			}
2009
2010			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
2011		}
2012
2013# Check for FSF mailing addresses.
2014		if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
2015		    $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
2016		    $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
2017			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2018			my $msg_type = \&ERROR;
2019			$msg_type = \&CHK if ($file);
2020			&{$msg_type}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
2021				     "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
2022		}
2023
2024# check for Kconfig help text having a real description
2025# Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
2026# sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
2027		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2028		    $line =~ /.\s*config\s+/) {
2029			my $length = 0;
2030			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2031			my $ln = $linenr + 1;
2032			my $f;
2033			my $is_start = 0;
2034			my $is_end = 0;
2035			for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
2036				$f = $lines[$ln - 1];
2037				$cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
2038				$is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
2039
2040				next if ($f =~ /^-/);
2041
2042				if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /.\s*(?:bool|tristate)\s*\"/) {
2043					$is_start = 1;
2044				} elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /.\s*(?:---)?help(?:---)?$/) {
2045					$length = -1;
2046				}
2047
2048				$f =~ s/^.//;
2049				$f =~ s/#.*//;
2050				$f =~ s/^\s+//;
2051				next if ($f =~ /^$/);
2052				if ($f =~ /^\s*config\s/) {
2053					$is_end = 1;
2054					last;
2055				}
2056				$length++;
2057			}
2058			WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
2059			     "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr) if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < 4);
2060			#print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
2061		}
2062
2063# discourage the addition of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL in Kconfig.
2064		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2065		    $line =~ /.\s*depends on\s+.*\bEXPERIMENTAL\b/) {
2066			WARN("CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL",
2067			     "Use of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL is deprecated. For alternatives, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/10/23/580\n");
2068		}
2069
2070		if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
2071		    ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
2072			my $flag = $1;
2073			my $replacement = {
2074				'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
2075				'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
2076				'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
2077				'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
2078			};
2079
2080			WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
2081			     "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
2082		}
2083
2084# check for DT compatible documentation
2085		if (defined $root &&
2086			(($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
2087			 ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
2088
2089			my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
2090
2091			my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
2092			my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.txt";
2093
2094			foreach my $compat (@compats) {
2095				my $compat2 = $compat;
2096				$compat2 =~ s/\,[a-z]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
2097				`grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2" $dt_path`;
2098				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2099					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2100					     "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
2101				}
2102
2103				next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
2104				my $vendor = $1;
2105				`grep -Eq "^$vendor\\b" $vp_file`;
2106				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2107					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2108					     "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
2109				}
2110			}
2111		}
2112
2113# check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
2114		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|pl|sh)$/);
2115
2116#line length limit
2117		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $prevrawline !~ /\/\*\*/ &&
2118		    $rawline !~ /^.\s*\*\s*\@$Ident\s/ &&
2119		    !($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?"[X\t]*"\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
2120		    $line =~ /^\+\s*"[^"]*"\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/) &&
2121		    $length > $max_line_length)
2122		{
2123			WARN("LONG_LINE",
2124			     "line over $max_line_length characters\n" . $herecurr);
2125		}
2126
2127# Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
2128# to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
2129# newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
2130# (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
2131		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*"/ &&
2132		    $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
2133		    $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
2134			WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
2135			     "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev);
2136		}
2137
2138# check for spaces before a quoted newline
2139		if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
2140			if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
2141				 "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
2142			    $fix) {
2143				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
2144			}
2145
2146		}
2147
2148# check for adding lines without a newline.
2149		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
2150			WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
2151			     "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr);
2152		}
2153
2154# Blackfin: use hi/lo macros
2155		if ($realfile =~ m@arch/blackfin/.*\.S$@) {
2156			if ($line =~ /\.[lL][[:space:]]*=.*&[[:space:]]*0x[fF][fF][fF][fF]/) {
2157				my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2158				ERROR("LO_MACRO",
2159				      "use the LO() macro, not (... & 0xFFFF)\n" . $herevet);
2160			}
2161			if ($line =~ /\.[hH][[:space:]]*=.*>>[[:space:]]*16/) {
2162				my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2163				ERROR("HI_MACRO",
2164				      "use the HI() macro, not (... >> 16)\n" . $herevet);
2165			}
2166		}
2167
2168# check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
2169		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl)$/);
2170
2171# at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
2172# more than 8 must use tabs.
2173		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
2174		    $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
2175			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2176			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
2177			if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
2178				  "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
2179			    $fix) {
2180				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
2181			}
2182		}
2183
2184# check for space before tabs.
2185		if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
2186			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2187			if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
2188				"please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
2189			    $fix) {
2190				while ($fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
2191					   s/(^\+.*) {8,8}+\t/$1\t\t/) {}
2192				while ($fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
2193					   s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
2194			}
2195		}
2196
2197# check for && or || at the start of a line
2198		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
2199			CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
2200			    "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
2201		}
2202
2203# check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
2204		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
2205		    $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|$Ident\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
2206			$prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
2207			my $oldindent = $1;
2208			my $rest = $2;
2209
2210			my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
2211			if ($pos >= 0) {
2212				$line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
2213				my $newindent = $2;
2214
2215				my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
2216					"\t" x ($pos / 8) .
2217					" "  x ($pos % 8);
2218				my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
2219
2220				if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
2221				    $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
2222
2223					if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
2224						"Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
2225					    $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2226						$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
2227						    s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
2228					}
2229				}
2230			}
2231		}
2232
2233		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\*[ \t]*\)[ \t]+(?!$Assignment|$Arithmetic)/) {
2234			if (CHK("SPACING",
2235				"No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $hereprev) &&
2236			    $fix) {
2237				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
2238				    s/^(\+.*\*[ \t]*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
2239			}
2240		}
2241
2242		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
2243		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
2244		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
2245		    $realline > 2) {
2246			WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2247			     "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
2248		}
2249
2250		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
2251		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*/ &&		#starting /*
2252		    $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&		#no trailing */
2253		    $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&			#line is new
2254		    $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {		#no leading *
2255			WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2256			     "networking block comments start with * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
2257		}
2258
2259		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
2260		    $rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing */
2261		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#inline /*...*/
2262		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing **/
2263		    $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {	#non blank */
2264			WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2265			     "networking block comments put the trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
2266		}
2267
2268# check for missing blank lines after declarations
2269		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
2270		    $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s+$Ident/ &&
2271		    !($prevline =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
2272		      $prevline =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&		#extended lines
2273		    $sline =~ /^\+\s+/ &&			#Not at char 1
2274		    !($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare/ ||
2275		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s+$Ident/ ||	#eg: typedef foo
2276		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
2277		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(])/ ||
2278		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/)) {
2279			WARN("SPACING",
2280			     "networking uses a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev);
2281		}
2282
2283# check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
2284# Exceptions:
2285#  1) within comments
2286#  2) indented preprocessor commands
2287#  3) hanging labels
2288		if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
2289			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2290			if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
2291				 "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
2292			    $fix) {
2293				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
2294			}
2295		}
2296
2297# check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
2298		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
2299
2300# discourage the addition of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL in #if(def).
2301		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*if.*\bCONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL\b/) {
2302			WARN("CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL",
2303			     "Use of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL is deprecated. For alternatives, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/10/23/580\n");
2304		}
2305
2306# check for RCS/CVS revision markers
2307		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
2308			WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
2309			     "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
2310		}
2311
2312# Blackfin: don't use __builtin_bfin_[cs]sync
2313		if ($line =~ /__builtin_bfin_csync/) {
2314			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2315			ERROR("CSYNC",
2316			      "use the CSYNC() macro in asm/blackfin.h\n" . $herevet);
2317		}
2318		if ($line =~ /__builtin_bfin_ssync/) {
2319			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2320			ERROR("SSYNC",
2321			      "use the SSYNC() macro in asm/blackfin.h\n" . $herevet);
2322		}
2323
2324# check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
2325		if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
2326			WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
2327			     "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
2328		}
2329
2330# Check for potential 'bare' types
2331		my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
2332		    $realline_next);
2333#print "LINE<$line>\n";
2334		if ($linenr >= $suppress_statement &&
2335		    $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
2336			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
2337				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
2338			$stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
2339			$cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
2340
2341#print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
2342			# If this statement has no statement boundaries within
2343			# it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
2344			# until we hit end of it.
2345			my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
2346			if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
2347#print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
2348				$suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
2349			}
2350
2351			# Find the real next line.
2352			$realline_next = $line_nr_next;
2353			if (defined $realline_next &&
2354			    (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
2355			     substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
2356				$realline_next++;
2357			}
2358
2359			my $s = $stat;
2360			$s =~ s/{.*$//s;
2361
2362			# Ignore goto labels.
2363			if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
2364
2365			# Ignore functions being called
2366			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
2367
2368			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
2369
2370			# declarations always start with types
2371			} elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
2372				my $type = $1;
2373				$type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
2374				possible($type, "A:" . $s);
2375
2376			# definitions in global scope can only start with types
2377			} elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
2378				possible($1, "B:" . $s);
2379			}
2380
2381			# any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
2382			while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
2383				possible($1, "C:" . $s);
2384			}
2385
2386			# Check for any sort of function declaration.
2387			# int foo(something bar, other baz);
2388			# void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
2389			if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
2390				my ($name_len) = length($1);
2391
2392				my $ctx = $s;
2393				substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
2394				$ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
2395
2396				for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
2397					if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
2398
2399						possible($1, "D:" . $s);
2400					}
2401				}
2402			}
2403
2404		}
2405
2406#
2407# Checks which may be anchored in the context.
2408#
2409
2410# Check for switch () and associated case and default
2411# statements should be at the same indent.
2412		if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
2413			my $err = '';
2414			my $sep = '';
2415			my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
2416			shift(@ctx);
2417			for my $ctx (@ctx) {
2418				my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
2419				if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
2420							$indent != $cindent) {
2421					$err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
2422					$sep = '';
2423				} else {
2424					$sep = "[...]\n";
2425				}
2426			}
2427			if ($err ne '') {
2428				ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
2429				      "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
2430			}
2431		}
2432
2433# if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
2434# or if that brace on the next line is for something else
2435		if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
2436			my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
2437
2438			my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
2439
2440			if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
2441				WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
2442				     "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
2443			}
2444
2445			my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
2446			my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
2447
2448			my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
2449			my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
2450
2451			while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
2452					defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
2453					$lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
2454				##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
2455				$ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
2456				$ctx_ln++;
2457			}
2458
2459			#print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
2460			#print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
2461
2462			if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln -1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
2463				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
2464				      "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
2465					"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
2466			}
2467			if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
2468			    $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
2469			    defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
2470			{
2471				my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
2472				if ($nindent > $indent) {
2473					WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
2474					     "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
2475						"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
2476				}
2477			}
2478		}
2479
2480# Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
2481		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for)\s*\(|do\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
2482			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
2483				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
2484					if (!defined $stat);
2485			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
2486
2487			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
2488
2489			# Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
2490			# none on the first line, and are going to readd them
2491			# where necessary.
2492			$s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
2493
2494			# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
2495			my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
2496			my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
2497
2498			# We want to check the first line inside the block
2499			# starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
2500			#  1) any blank line termination
2501			#  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
2502			#  3) any do (...) {
2503			my $continuation = 0;
2504			my $check = 0;
2505			$s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
2506			$s =~ s/^\s*{//;
2507			if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
2508				$continuation = 1;
2509			}
2510			if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
2511				$check = 1;
2512				$cond_lines++;
2513			}
2514
2515			# Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
2516			# preprocessor statement.
2517			if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
2518			    $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
2519				$check = 0;
2520			}
2521
2522			my $cond_ptr = -1;
2523			$continuation = 0;
2524			while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
2525				$cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
2526
2527				# If we see an #else/#elif then the code
2528				# is not linear.
2529				if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
2530					$check = 0;
2531				}
2532
2533				# Ignore:
2534				#  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
2535				#  2) preprocessor lines, and
2536				#  3) labels.
2537				if ($continuation ||
2538				    $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
2539				    $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
2540				    $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
2541					$continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
2542					if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
2543						$cond_lines++;
2544					}
2545				}
2546			}
2547
2548			my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
2549			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
2550
2551			# Check if either of these lines are modified, else
2552			# this is not this patch's fault.
2553			if (!defined($stat_real) ||
2554			    $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
2555				$check = 0;
2556			}
2557			if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
2558				$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
2559			}
2560
2561			#print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
2562
2563			if ($check && (($sindent % 8) != 0 ||
2564			    ($sindent <= $indent && $s ne ''))) {
2565				WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
2566				     "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
2567			}
2568		}
2569
2570		# Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
2571		my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
2572		my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
2573				annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
2574		$curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
2575		if ($dbg_values) {
2576			my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
2577			print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
2578			print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
2579			print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
2580		}
2581		$prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
2582
2583#ignore lines not being added
2584		next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
2585
2586# TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
2587		if ($dbg_type) {
2588			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
2589				ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
2590				      "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
2591			} elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
2592				ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
2593				      "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
2594			}
2595			next;
2596		}
2597# TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
2598		if ($dbg_attr) {
2599			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
2600				ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
2601				      "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
2602			} elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
2603				ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
2604				      "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
2605			}
2606			next;
2607		}
2608
2609# check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
2610		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
2611		    $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
2612			ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
2613			      "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
2614		}
2615
2616#
2617# Checks which are anchored on the added line.
2618#
2619
2620# check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
2621		if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
2622			my $path = $1;
2623			if ($path =~ m{//}) {
2624				ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
2625				      "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
2626			}
2627			if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
2628				ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
2629				      "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
2630			}
2631		}
2632
2633# no C99 // comments
2634		if ($line =~ m{//}) {
2635			if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
2636				  "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
2637			    $fix) {
2638				my $line = $fixed[$linenr - 1];
2639				if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
2640					my $comment = trim($1);
2641					$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
2642				}
2643			}
2644		}
2645		# Remove C99 comments.
2646		$line =~ s@//.*@@;
2647		$opline =~ s@//.*@@;
2648
2649# EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
2650# the whole statement.
2651#print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
2652		if (defined $realline_next &&
2653		    exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
2654		    !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
2655		    ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
2656		     $lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
2657			# Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
2658			# a prefix:
2659			#   XXX(foo);
2660			#   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
2661			my $name = $1;
2662			if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
2663			    $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
2664#print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
2665				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
2666
2667			} elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
2668				\n.}\s*$|
2669				^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
2670				^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
2671				^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
2672				^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
2673				\b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
2674			    )/x) {
2675#print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
2676				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
2677			} else {
2678				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
2679			}
2680		}
2681		if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
2682		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
2683		    ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
2684		     $line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
2685#print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
2686			$suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
2687		}
2688		if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
2689		    $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
2690			WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
2691			     "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
2692		}
2693
2694# check for global initialisers.
2695		if ($line =~ /^\+(\s*$Type\s*$Ident\s*(?:\s+$Modifier))*\s*=\s*(0|NULL|false)\s*;/) {
2696			if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
2697				  "do not initialise globals to 0 or NULL\n" .
2698				      $herecurr) &&
2699			    $fix) {
2700				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/($Type\s*$Ident\s*(?:\s+$Modifier))*\s*=\s*(0|NULL|false)\s*;/$1;/;
2701			}
2702		}
2703# check for static initialisers.
2704		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*(0|NULL|false)\s*;/) {
2705			if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
2706				  "do not initialise statics to 0 or NULL\n" .
2707				      $herecurr) &&
2708			    $fix) {
2709				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*(0|NULL|false)\s*;/$1;/;
2710			}
2711		}
2712
2713# check for static const char * arrays.
2714		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
2715			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
2716			     "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
2717				$herecurr);
2718               }
2719
2720# check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
2721		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
2722			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
2723			     "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
2724				$herecurr);
2725               }
2726
2727# check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
2728		if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
2729			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
2730			     "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
2731				$herecurr);
2732               }
2733
2734# check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
2735		if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s+$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
2736			if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
2737				  "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
2738			    $fix) {
2739				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
2740			}
2741		}
2742
2743# check for uses of DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE
2744		if ($line =~ /\bDEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)\s*=/) {
2745			if (WARN("DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE",
2746				 "Prefer struct pci_device_id over deprecated DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\n" . $herecurr) &&
2747			    $fix) {
2748				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\b(?:static\s+|)DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)\s*=\s*/static const struct pci_device_id $1\[\] = /;
2749			}
2750		}
2751
2752# check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
2753# make sense.
2754		if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
2755		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
2756		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
2757		    $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
2758		    $line !~ /\b__bitwise(?:__|)\b/) {
2759			WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
2760			     "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
2761		}
2762
2763# * goes on variable not on type
2764		# (char*[ const])
2765		while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
2766			#print "AA<$1>\n";
2767			my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
2768
2769			# Should start with a space.
2770			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
2771			# Should not end with a space.
2772			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
2773			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
2774			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
2775			}
2776
2777##			print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
2778			if ($from ne $to) {
2779				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
2780					  "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
2781				    $fix) {
2782					my $sub_from = $ident;
2783					my $sub_to = $ident;
2784					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
2785					$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
2786					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
2787				}
2788			}
2789		}
2790		while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
2791			#print "BB<$1>\n";
2792			my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
2793
2794			# Should start with a space.
2795			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
2796			# Should not end with a space.
2797			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
2798			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
2799			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
2800			}
2801			# Modifiers should have spaces.
2802			$to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
2803
2804##			print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
2805			if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
2806				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
2807					  "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
2808				    $fix) {
2809
2810					my $sub_from = $match;
2811					my $sub_to = $match;
2812					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
2813					$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
2814					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
2815				}
2816			}
2817		}
2818
2819# # no BUG() or BUG_ON()
2820# 		if ($line =~ /\b(BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
2821# 			print "Try to use WARN_ON & Recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n";
2822# 			print "$herecurr";
2823# 			$clean = 0;
2824# 		}
2825
2826		if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
2827			WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
2828			     "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
2829		}
2830
2831# check for uses of printk_ratelimit
2832		if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
2833			WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
2834"Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
2835		}
2836
2837# printk should use KERN_* levels.  Note that follow on printk's on the
2838# same line do not need a level, so we use the current block context
2839# to try and find and validate the current printk.  In summary the current
2840# printk includes all preceding printk's which have no newline on the end.
2841# we assume the first bad printk is the one to report.
2842		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\((?!KERN_)\s*"/) {
2843			my $ok = 0;
2844			for (my $ln = $linenr - 1; $ln >= $first_line; $ln--) {
2845				#print "CHECK<$lines[$ln - 1]\n";
2846				# we have a preceding printk if it ends
2847				# with "\n" ignore it, else it is to blame
2848				if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ m{\bprintk\(}) {
2849					if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m{\\n"}) {
2850						$ok = 1;
2851					}
2852					last;
2853				}
2854			}
2855			if ($ok == 0) {
2856				WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
2857				     "printk() should include KERN_ facility level\n" . $herecurr);
2858			}
2859		}
2860
2861		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
2862			my $orig = $1;
2863			my $level = lc($orig);
2864			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
2865			my $level2 = $level;
2866			$level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
2867			WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
2868			     "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
2869		}
2870
2871		if ($line =~ /\bpr_warning\s*\(/) {
2872			if (WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
2873				 "Prefer pr_warn(... to pr_warning(...\n" . $herecurr) &&
2874			    $fix) {
2875				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
2876				    s/\bpr_warning\b/pr_warn/;
2877			}
2878		}
2879
2880		if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
2881			my $orig = $1;
2882			my $level = lc($orig);
2883			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
2884			$level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
2885			WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
2886			     "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
2887		}
2888
2889# function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
2890# or if closed on same line
2891		if (($line=~/$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\).*\s{/) and
2892		    !($line=~/\#\s*define.*do\s{/) and !($line=~/}/)) {
2893			ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
2894			      "open brace '{' following function declarations go on the next line\n" . $herecurr);
2895		}
2896
2897# open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
2898		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
2899		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
2900			ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
2901			      "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev);
2902		}
2903
2904# missing space after union, struct or enum definition
2905		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
2906			if (WARN("SPACING",
2907				 "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
2908			    $fix) {
2909				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
2910				    s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
2911			}
2912		}
2913
2914# Function pointer declarations
2915# check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
2916# canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
2917		if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
2918			my $declare = $1;
2919			my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
2920			my $post_pointer_space = $3;
2921			my $funcname = $4;
2922			my $post_funcname_space = $5;
2923			my $pre_args_space = $6;
2924
2925# the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
2926# so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
2927# don't need a space so don't warn for those.
2928			my $post_declare_space = "";
2929			if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
2930				$post_declare_space = $1;
2931				$declare = rtrim($declare);
2932			}
2933			if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
2934				WARN("SPACING",
2935				     "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
2936				$post_declare_space = " ";
2937			}
2938
2939# unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
2940# This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
2941# equivalent to
2942#	int  foo(int bar, ...)
2943# and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
2944#
2945#			elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
2946#				WARN("SPACING",
2947#				     "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
2948#			}
2949
2950# unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
2951			if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
2952			    $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
2953				WARN("SPACING",
2954				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
2955			}
2956
2957# unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
2958			if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
2959			    $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
2960				WARN("SPACING",
2961				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
2962			}
2963
2964# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
2965			if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
2966			    $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
2967				WARN("SPACING",
2968				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
2969			}
2970
2971# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
2972			if (defined $pre_args_space &&
2973			    $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
2974				WARN("SPACING",
2975				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
2976			}
2977
2978			if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
2979				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
2980				    s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
2981			}
2982		}
2983
2984# check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
2985#  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
2986#  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
2987#  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
2988		while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
2989			my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
2990			if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
2991			    ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
2992			    $prefix !~ /[{,]\s+$/) {
2993				if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
2994					  "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
2995				    $fix) {
2996				    $fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
2997					s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
2998				}
2999			}
3000		}
3001
3002# check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
3003		while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
3004			my $name = $1;
3005			my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
3006			my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
3007
3008			# Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
3009			if ($name =~ /^(?:
3010				if|for|while|switch|return|case|
3011				volatile|__volatile__|
3012				__attribute__|format|__extension__|
3013				asm|__asm__)$/x)
3014			{
3015			# cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
3016			# if there is a space between the name and the open
3017			# parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
3018			} elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
3019
3020			# cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
3021			} elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
3022
3023			# If this whole things ends with a type its most
3024			# likely a typedef for a function.
3025			} elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
3026
3027			} else {
3028				if (WARN("SPACING",
3029					 "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
3030					     $fix) {
3031					$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3032					    s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
3033				}
3034			}
3035		}
3036
3037# Check operator spacing.
3038		if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
3039			my $fixed_line = "";
3040			my $line_fixed = 0;
3041
3042			my $ops = qr{
3043				<<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
3044				\+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
3045				=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
3046				&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
3047				\?:|\?|:
3048			}x;
3049			my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
3050
3051##			print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
3052##			foreach my $el (@elements) {
3053##				print("el: <$el>\n");
3054##			}
3055
3056			my @fix_elements = ();
3057			my $off = 0;
3058
3059			foreach my $el (@elements) {
3060				push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
3061				$off += length($el);
3062			}
3063
3064			$off = 0;
3065
3066			my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
3067			my $last_after = -1;
3068
3069			for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
3070
3071				my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
3072
3073##				print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
3074
3075				$off += length($elements[$n]);
3076
3077				# Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
3078				my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
3079				my $cc = '';
3080				if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
3081					$cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
3082				}
3083				my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
3084
3085				my $a = '';
3086				$a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
3087				$a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
3088				$a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
3089				$a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
3090				$a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
3091				$a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
3092
3093				my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
3094
3095				my $c = '';
3096				if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
3097					$c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
3098					$c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
3099					$c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
3100					$c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
3101					$c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
3102					$c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
3103				} else {
3104					$c = 'E';
3105				}
3106
3107				my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
3108
3109				my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
3110
3111				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
3112				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3113
3114				# Pull out the value of this operator.
3115				my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
3116
3117				# Get the full operator variant.
3118				my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
3119
3120				# Ignore operators passed as parameters.
3121				if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
3122				    $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*,/) {
3123
3124#				# Ignore comments
3125#				} elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
3126
3127				# ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
3128				} elsif ($op eq ';') {
3129					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
3130					    $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
3131						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3132							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3133							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3134							$line_fixed = 1;
3135						}
3136					}
3137
3138				# // is a comment
3139				} elsif ($op eq '//') {
3140
3141				#   :   when part of a bitfield
3142				} elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
3143					# skip the bitfield test for now
3144
3145				# No spaces for:
3146				#   ->
3147				} elsif ($op eq '->') {
3148					if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
3149						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3150							  "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3151							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3152							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
3153								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3154							}
3155							$line_fixed = 1;
3156						}
3157					}
3158
3159				# , must have a space on the right.
3160				} elsif ($op eq ',') {
3161					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
3162						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3163							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3164							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3165							$line_fixed = 1;
3166							$last_after = $n;
3167						}
3168					}
3169
3170				# '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
3171				} elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
3172					#warn "'*' is part of type\n";
3173
3174				# unary operators should have a space before and
3175				# none after.  May be left adjacent to another
3176				# unary operator, or a cast
3177				} elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
3178					 $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
3179					 $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
3180					if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
3181						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3182							  "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3183							if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
3184								$good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3185								$line_fixed = 1;
3186							}
3187						}
3188					}
3189					if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
3190						# A unary '*' may be const
3191
3192					} elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
3193						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3194							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3195							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3196							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
3197								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3198							}
3199							$line_fixed = 1;
3200						}
3201					}
3202
3203				# unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
3204				} elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
3205					if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
3206						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3207							  "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3208							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3209							$line_fixed = 1;
3210						}
3211					}
3212					if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
3213					    ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
3214						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3215							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3216							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3217							$line_fixed = 1;
3218						}
3219					}
3220					if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
3221						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3222							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3223							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3224							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
3225								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3226							}
3227							$line_fixed = 1;
3228						}
3229					}
3230
3231				# << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
3232				} elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
3233					 $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
3234					 $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
3235					 $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
3236					 $op eq '%')
3237				{
3238					if ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
3239						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3240							  "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3241							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3242							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
3243								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3244							}
3245							$line_fixed = 1;
3246						}
3247					}
3248
3249				# A colon needs no spaces before when it is
3250				# terminating a case value or a label.
3251				} elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
3252					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
3253						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3254							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3255							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3256							$line_fixed = 1;
3257						}
3258					}
3259
3260				# All the others need spaces both sides.
3261				} elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
3262					my $ok = 0;
3263
3264					# Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
3265					if (($op eq '<' &&
3266					     $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
3267					    ($op eq '>' &&
3268					     $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
3269					{
3270					    	$ok = 1;
3271					}
3272
3273					# messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
3274					if ($ok == 0) {
3275						my $msg_type = \&ERROR;
3276						$msg_type = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
3277
3278						if (&{$msg_type}("SPACING",
3279								 "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3280							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3281							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
3282								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3283							}
3284							$line_fixed = 1;
3285						}
3286					}
3287				}
3288				$off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
3289
3290##				print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
3291
3292				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
3293			}
3294
3295			if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
3296				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
3297			}
3298
3299			if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$linenr - 1]) {
3300				$fixed[$linenr - 1] = $fixed_line;
3301			}
3302
3303
3304		}
3305
3306# check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
3307		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
3308			if (WARN("SPACING",
3309				 "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
3310			    $fix) {
3311				1 while $fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3312				    s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
3313			}
3314		}
3315
3316# check for multiple assignments
3317		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
3318			CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
3319			    "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
3320		}
3321
3322## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
3323## # continuation.
3324## 		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
3325## 		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
3326##
3327## 			# Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
3328## 			# falsly report the parameters of functions.
3329## 			my $ln = $line;
3330## 			while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
3331## 			}
3332## 			if ($ln =~ /,/) {
3333## 				WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
3334##				     "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
3335## 			}
3336## 		}
3337
3338#need space before brace following if, while, etc
3339		if (($line =~ /\(.*\){/ && $line !~ /\($Type\){/) ||
3340		    $line =~ /do{/) {
3341			if (ERROR("SPACING",
3342				  "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3343			    $fix) {
3344				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|\))){/$1 {/;
3345			}
3346		}
3347
3348## # check for blank lines before declarations
3349##		if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
3350##		    $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
3351##			WARN("SPACING",
3352##			     "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
3353##		}
3354##
3355
3356# closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
3357# on the line
3358		if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)))\S/) {
3359			if (ERROR("SPACING",
3360				  "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3361			    $fix) {
3362				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3363				    s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
3364			}
3365		}
3366
3367# check spacing on square brackets
3368		if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
3369			if (ERROR("SPACING",
3370				  "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
3371			    $fix) {
3372				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3373				    s/\[\s+/\[/;
3374			}
3375		}
3376		if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
3377			if (ERROR("SPACING",
3378				  "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3379			    $fix) {
3380				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3381				    s/\s+\]/\]/;
3382			}
3383		}
3384
3385# check spacing on parentheses
3386		if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
3387		    $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
3388			if (ERROR("SPACING",
3389				  "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
3390			    $fix) {
3391				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3392				    s/\(\s+/\(/;
3393			}
3394		}
3395		if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
3396		    $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
3397		    $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
3398			if (ERROR("SPACING",
3399				  "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3400			    $fix) {
3401				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3402				    s/\s+\)/\)/;
3403			}
3404		}
3405
3406#goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
3407		if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
3408		   !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
3409			if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
3410				 "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
3411			    $fix) {
3412				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3413				    s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
3414			}
3415		}
3416
3417# return is not a function
3418		if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
3419			my $spacing = $1;
3420			if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
3421			    $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
3422				my $value = $1;
3423				$value = deparenthesize($value);
3424				if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
3425					ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
3426					      "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
3427				}
3428			} elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
3429				ERROR("SPACING",
3430				      "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
3431			}
3432		}
3433
3434# if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
3435		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
3436		    $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
3437			my $openparens = $1;
3438			my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
3439			my $msg = "";
3440			if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
3441				my $comp = $4;	#Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
3442				$msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
3443				WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
3444				     "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
3445			}
3446		}
3447
3448# Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be -'ve
3449		if ($line =~ /^.\s*return\s*(E[A-Z]*)\s*;/) {
3450			my $name = $1;
3451			if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
3452				WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
3453				     "return of an errno should typically be -ve (return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
3454			}
3455		}
3456
3457# Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
3458		if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
3459			if (ERROR("SPACING",
3460				  "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
3461			    $fix) {
3462				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3463				    s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
3464			}
3465		}
3466
3467# Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
3468# statements after the conditional.
3469		if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
3470			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3471				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
3472					if (!defined $stat);
3473			my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
3474						$remain_next, $off_next);
3475			$stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3476			##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
3477
3478			if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
3479				# If the statement carries leading newlines,
3480				# then count those as offsets.
3481				my ($whitespace) =
3482					($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
3483				my $offset =
3484					statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
3485
3486				$suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
3487								$offset} = 1;
3488			}
3489		}
3490		if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
3491		    defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
3492		    $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
3493			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
3494
3495			if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
3496				ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
3497				      "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr);
3498			}
3499
3500			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
3501			# conditional.
3502			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
3503			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
3504			$s =~ s/$;//g; 	# Remove any comments
3505			if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
3506			    $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
3507			{
3508				# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
3509				my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
3510				my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
3511				my $stat_real = '';
3512
3513				$stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
3514							. "\n" if ($cond_lines);
3515				if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
3516					$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
3517				}
3518
3519				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
3520				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
3521			}
3522		}
3523
3524# Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
3525		if ($line =~ /
3526			(?:
3527				(?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
3528				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
3529				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
3530			|
3531				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
3532				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
3533				(?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
3534			)/x)
3535		{
3536			WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
3537			     "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
3538		}
3539
3540# if and else should not have general statements after it
3541		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
3542			my $s = $1;
3543			$s =~ s/$;//g; 	# Remove any comments
3544			if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
3545				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
3546				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
3547			}
3548		}
3549# if should not continue a brace
3550		if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
3551			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
3552			      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" .
3553				$herecurr);
3554		}
3555# case and default should not have general statements after them
3556		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
3557		    $line !~ /\G(?:
3558			(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
3559			\s*return\s+
3560		    )/xg)
3561		{
3562			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
3563			      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
3564		}
3565
3566		# Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
3567		# indent level to be relevant to each other.
3568		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ and
3569						$previndent == $indent) {
3570			ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
3571			      "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev);
3572		}
3573
3574		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ and
3575						$previndent == $indent) {
3576			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3577
3578			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
3579			# conditional.
3580			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
3581			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
3582
3583			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
3584				ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
3585				      "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev);
3586			}
3587		}
3588
3589#Specific variable tests
3590		while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
3591			my $var = $1;
3592
3593#gcc binary extension
3594			if ($var =~ /^$Binary$/) {
3595				if (WARN("GCC_BINARY_CONSTANT",
3596					 "Avoid gcc v4.3+ binary constant extension: <$var>\n" . $herecurr) &&
3597				    $fix) {
3598					my $hexval = sprintf("0x%x", oct($var));
3599					$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3600					    s/\b$var\b/$hexval/;
3601				}
3602			}
3603
3604#CamelCase
3605			if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
3606			    $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
3607#Ignore Page<foo> variants
3608			    $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
3609#Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB (ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show)
3610			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
3611				while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
3612					my $word = $1;
3613					next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
3614					if ($check) {
3615						seed_camelcase_includes();
3616						if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
3617							seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
3618							$camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
3619						}
3620					}
3621					if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
3622						$camelcase{$word} = 1;
3623						CHK("CAMELCASE",
3624						    "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
3625					}
3626				}
3627			}
3628		}
3629
3630#no spaces allowed after \ in define
3631		if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
3632			if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
3633				 "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
3634			    $fix) {
3635				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\s+$//;
3636			}
3637		}
3638
3639#warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available (uses RAW line)
3640		if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
3641			my $file = "$1.h";
3642			my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
3643			if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
3644			    $realfile ne $checkfile &&
3645			    $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
3646			{
3647				if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
3648					CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
3649					    "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
3650				} else {
3651					WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
3652					     "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
3653				}
3654			}
3655		}
3656
3657# multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
3658# first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
3659# in a known good container
3660		if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
3661		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
3662			my $ln = $linenr;
3663			my $cnt = $realcnt;
3664			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
3665			my $ctx = '';
3666			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
3667				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3668			$ctx = $dstat;
3669			#print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
3670			#print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
3671
3672			$dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(?:\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
3673			$dstat =~ s/$;//g;
3674			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
3675			$dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
3676			$dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
3677
3678			# Flatten any parentheses and braces
3679			while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1/ ||
3680			       $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1/ ||
3681			       $dstat =~ s/\[[^\[\]]*\]/1/)
3682			{
3683			}
3684
3685			# Flatten any obvious string concatentation.
3686			while ($dstat =~ s/("X*")\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
3687			       $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*("X*")/$1/)
3688			{
3689			}
3690
3691			my $exceptions = qr{
3692				$Declare|
3693				module_param_named|
3694				MODULE_PARM_DESC|
3695				DECLARE_PER_CPU|
3696				DEFINE_PER_CPU|
3697				__typeof__\(|
3698				union|
3699				struct|
3700				\.$Ident\s*=\s*|
3701				^\"|\"$
3702			}x;
3703			#print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
3704			if ($dstat ne '' &&
3705			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&			# 10, // foo(),
3706			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&			# foo();
3707			    $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&		# 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
3708			    $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ &&					# character constants
3709			    $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
3710			    $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&				# .foo =
3711			    $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&		# stringification #foo
3712			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&	# do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
3713			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&				# for (...)
3714			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&	# for (...) bar()
3715			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&					# do {...
3716			    $dstat !~ /^\({/ &&						# ({...
3717			    $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
3718			{
3719				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
3720				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
3721				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
3722
3723				for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
3724					$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
3725				}
3726
3727				if ($dstat =~ /;/) {
3728					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
3729					      "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
3730				} else {
3731					ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
3732					      "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parenthesis\n" . "$herectx");
3733				}
3734			}
3735
3736# check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
3737
3738		} else {
3739			if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
3740			    $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&		# preprocessor
3741			    $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&	# asm
3742			    $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
3743				WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
3744				     "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
3745			}
3746		}
3747
3748# do {} while (0) macro tests:
3749# single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
3750# macro should not end with a semicolon
3751		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
3752		    $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
3753		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
3754			my $ln = $linenr;
3755			my $cnt = $realcnt;
3756			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
3757			my $ctx = '';
3758			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
3759				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3760			$ctx = $dstat;
3761
3762			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
3763
3764			if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
3765				my $stmts = $2;
3766				my $semis = $3;
3767
3768				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
3769				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
3770				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
3771
3772				for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
3773					$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
3774				}
3775
3776				if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
3777				    $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
3778					WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
3779					     "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
3780				}
3781				if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
3782					WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
3783					     "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
3784				}
3785			}
3786		}
3787
3788# make sure symbols are always wrapped with VMLINUX_SYMBOL() ...
3789# all assignments may have only one of the following with an assignment:
3790#	.
3791#	ALIGN(...)
3792#	VMLINUX_SYMBOL(...)
3793		if ($realfile eq 'vmlinux.lds.h' && $line =~ /(?:(?:^|\s)$Ident\s*=|=\s*$Ident(?:\s|$))/) {
3794			WARN("MISSING_VMLINUX_SYMBOL",
3795			     "vmlinux.lds.h needs VMLINUX_SYMBOL() around C-visible symbols\n" . $herecurr);
3796		}
3797
3798# check for redundant bracing round if etc
3799		if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
3800			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
3801				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
3802			#print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
3803			#print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
3804			if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
3805				my @allowed = ();
3806				my $allow = 0;
3807				my $seen = 0;
3808				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
3809				my $ln = $linenr - 1;
3810				for my $chunk (@chunks) {
3811					my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
3812
3813					# If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
3814					my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
3815					my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
3816
3817					$allowed[$allow] = 0;
3818					#print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
3819
3820					# We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
3821					$suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
3822
3823					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
3824					$ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
3825
3826					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
3827
3828					$seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
3829
3830					#print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
3831					if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
3832						#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
3833						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
3834					}
3835					if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
3836						#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
3837						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
3838					}
3839					if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
3840						#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
3841						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
3842					}
3843					$allow++;
3844				}
3845				if ($seen) {
3846					my $sum_allowed = 0;
3847					foreach (@allowed) {
3848						$sum_allowed += $_;
3849					}
3850					if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
3851						WARN("BRACES",
3852						     "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
3853					} elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
3854						 $seen != $allow) {
3855						CHK("BRACES",
3856						    "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
3857					}
3858				}
3859			}
3860		}
3861		if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
3862					$line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
3863			my $allowed = 0;
3864
3865			# Check the pre-context.
3866			if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
3867				#print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
3868				$allowed = 1;
3869			}
3870
3871			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
3872				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
3873
3874			# Check the condition.
3875			my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
3876			#print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
3877			if (defined $cond) {
3878				substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
3879			}
3880			if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
3881				#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
3882				$allowed = 1;
3883			}
3884			if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
3885				#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
3886				$allowed = 1;
3887			}
3888			if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
3889				#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
3890				$allowed = 1;
3891			}
3892			# Check the post-context.
3893			if (defined $chunks[1]) {
3894				my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
3895				if (defined $cond) {
3896					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
3897				}
3898				if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
3899					#print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
3900					$allowed = 1;
3901				}
3902			}
3903			if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
3904				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
3905				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
3906
3907				for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
3908					$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
3909				}
3910
3911				WARN("BRACES",
3912				     "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
3913			}
3914		}
3915
3916# check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
3917		if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
3918			CHK("BRACES",
3919			    "Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev);
3920		}
3921		if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
3922			CHK("BRACES",
3923			    "Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev);
3924		}
3925
3926# no volatiles please
3927		my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
3928		if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
3929			WARN("VOLATILE",
3930			     "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/volatile-considered-harmful.txt\n" . $herecurr);
3931		}
3932
3933# warn about #if 0
3934		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
3935			CHK("REDUNDANT_CODE",
3936			    "if this code is redundant consider removing it\n" .
3937				$herecurr);
3938		}
3939
3940# check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
3941		if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
3942			my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . quotemeta($1) . '\s*\)\s*;';
3943			if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?)$expr/) {
3944				WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
3945				     "$1(NULL) is safe this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev);
3946			}
3947		}
3948
3949# check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
3950		if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
3951			my $attr = $1;
3952			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
3953				my $ptr = $1;
3954				my $var = $2;
3955				if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
3956				      ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
3957					    "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
3958				     ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
3959				      WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
3960					   "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
3961				    $fix) {
3962					$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
3963				}
3964			}
3965		}
3966
3967# check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
3968		if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
3969			my $attr = $1;
3970			$attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
3971			my $attr_prefix = $1;
3972			my $attr_type = $2;
3973			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
3974				  "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
3975			    $fix) {
3976				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3977				    s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
3978			}
3979		}
3980
3981# check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
3982		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
3983			my $attr = $1;
3984			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
3985				  "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
3986			    $fix) {
3987				my $lead = $fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
3988				    /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
3989				$lead = rtrim($1);
3990				$lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
3991				$lead = "${lead}const ";
3992				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
3993			}
3994		}
3995
3996# don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
3997		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
3998		    $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
3999			my $constant_func = $1;
4000			my $func = $constant_func;
4001			$func =~ s/^__constant_//;
4002			if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
4003				 "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
4004			    $fix) {
4005				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
4006			}
4007		}
4008
4009# prefer usleep_range over udelay
4010		if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
4011			my $delay = $1;
4012			# ignore udelay's < 10, however
4013			if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
4014				CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
4015				    "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
4016			}
4017			if ($delay > 2000) {
4018				WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
4019				     "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
4020			}
4021		}
4022
4023# warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
4024		if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
4025			if ($1 < 20) {
4026				WARN("MSLEEP",
4027				     "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
4028			}
4029		}
4030
4031# check for comparisons of jiffies
4032		if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
4033			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
4034			     "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
4035		}
4036
4037# check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
4038		if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4039			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
4040			     "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
4041		}
4042
4043# warn about #ifdefs in C files
4044#		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
4045#			print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
4046#			print "$herecurr";
4047#			$clean = 0;
4048#		}
4049
4050# warn about spacing in #ifdefs
4051		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
4052			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4053				  "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
4054			    $fix) {
4055				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~
4056				    s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
4057			}
4058
4059		}
4060
4061# check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
4062		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
4063		    $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
4064			my $which = $1;
4065			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
4066				CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
4067				    "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
4068			}
4069		}
4070# check for memory barriers without a comment.
4071		if ($line =~ /\b(mb|rmb|wmb|read_barrier_depends|smp_mb|smp_rmb|smp_wmb|smp_read_barrier_depends)\(/) {
4072			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
4073				WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
4074				     "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
4075			}
4076		}
4077# check of hardware specific defines
4078		if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
4079			CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
4080			    "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
4081		}
4082
4083# Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
4084		if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ && $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage\b/) {
4085			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
4086			     "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr)
4087		}
4088
4089# check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
4090# storage class and type.
4091		if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
4092		    $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
4093			ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
4094			      "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
4095		}
4096
4097# Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
4098		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
4099		    $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
4100			if (WARN("INLINE",
4101				 "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
4102			    $fix) {
4103				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
4104
4105			}
4106		}
4107
4108# Check for __attribute__ packed, prefer __packed
4109		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
4110		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bpacked\b/) {
4111			WARN("PREFER_PACKED",
4112			     "__packed is preferred over __attribute__((packed))\n" . $herecurr);
4113		}
4114
4115# Check for __attribute__ aligned, prefer __aligned
4116		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
4117		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*aligned/) {
4118			WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED",
4119			     "__aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))\n" . $herecurr);
4120		}
4121
4122# Check for __attribute__ format(printf, prefer __printf
4123		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
4124		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) {
4125			if (WARN("PREFER_PRINTF",
4126				 "__printf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(printf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
4127			    $fix) {
4128				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__printf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
4129
4130			}
4131		}
4132
4133# Check for __attribute__ format(scanf, prefer __scanf
4134		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
4135		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\b/) {
4136			if (WARN("PREFER_SCANF",
4137				 "__scanf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(scanf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
4138			    $fix) {
4139				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__scanf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
4140			}
4141		}
4142
4143# check for sizeof(&)
4144		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
4145			WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
4146			     "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4147		}
4148
4149# check for sizeof without parenthesis
4150		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
4151			if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
4152				 "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4153			    $fix) {
4154				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
4155			}
4156		}
4157
4158# check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
4159		if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $rawline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
4160			WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
4161			     "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
4162		}
4163
4164# check for struct spinlock declarations
4165		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
4166			WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
4167			     "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
4168		}
4169
4170# check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
4171		if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
4172			my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
4173			if ($fmt ne "" && $fmt !~ /[^\\]\%/) {
4174				if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
4175					 "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
4176				    $fix) {
4177					$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
4178				}
4179			}
4180		}
4181
4182# Check for misused memsets
4183		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4184		    defined $stat &&
4185		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/s) {
4186
4187			my $ms_addr = $2;
4188			my $ms_val = $7;
4189			my $ms_size = $12;
4190
4191			if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
4192				ERROR("MEMSET",
4193				      "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
4194			} elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
4195				WARN("MEMSET",
4196				     "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
4197			}
4198		}
4199
4200# Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
4201		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4202		    $line =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/s) {
4203			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
4204				 "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4205			    $fix) {
4206				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
4207			}
4208		}
4209
4210# typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
4211		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4212		    defined $stat &&
4213		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
4214			if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
4215				my $call = $1;
4216				my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
4217				my $arg1 = $3;
4218				my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
4219				my $arg2 = $8;
4220				my $cast;
4221
4222				if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
4223					$cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
4224				} elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
4225					$cast = $cast1;
4226				} else {
4227					$cast = $cast2;
4228				}
4229				WARN("MINMAX",
4230				     "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
4231			}
4232		}
4233
4234# check usleep_range arguments
4235		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4236		    defined $stat &&
4237		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
4238			my $min = $1;
4239			my $max = $7;
4240			if ($min eq $max) {
4241				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
4242				     "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
4243			} elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
4244				 $min > $max) {
4245				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
4246				     "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
4247			}
4248		}
4249
4250# check for naked sscanf
4251		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4252		    defined $stat &&
4253		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
4254		    ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
4255		     $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
4256		     $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
4257			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
4258			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
4259			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
4260		        for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
4261				$stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
4262			}
4263			WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
4264			     "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
4265		}
4266
4267# check for new externs in .h files.
4268		if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
4269		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
4270			if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
4271				"extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
4272			    $fix) {
4273				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
4274			}
4275		}
4276
4277# check for new externs in .c files.
4278		if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
4279		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
4280		{
4281			my $function_name = $1;
4282			my $paren_space = $2;
4283
4284			my $s = $stat;
4285			if (defined $cond) {
4286				substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
4287			}
4288			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/ &&
4289			    $function_name ne 'uninitialized_var')
4290			{
4291				WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
4292				     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
4293			}
4294
4295			if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
4296				WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
4297				     "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
4298			}
4299
4300		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
4301		    $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
4302		{
4303			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
4304			     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
4305		}
4306
4307# checks for new __setup's
4308		if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
4309			my $name = $1;
4310
4311			if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
4312				CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
4313				    "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
4314			}
4315		}
4316
4317# check for pointless casting of kmalloc return
4318		if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*[kv][czm]alloc(_node){0,1}\b/) {
4319			WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
4320			     "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
4321		}
4322
4323# alloc style
4324# p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
4325		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4326		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*([kv][mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
4327			CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
4328			    "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
4329		}
4330
4331# check for krealloc arg reuse
4332		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4333		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*\1\s*,/) {
4334			WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
4335			     "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
4336		}
4337
4338# check for alloc argument mismatch
4339		if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
4340			WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
4341			     "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
4342		}
4343
4344# check for multiple semicolons
4345		if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
4346			if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
4347				 "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
4348			    $fix) {
4349				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
4350			}
4351		}
4352
4353# check for case / default statements not preceeded by break/fallthrough/switch
4354		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)\s*|default):/) {
4355			my $has_break = 0;
4356			my $has_statement = 0;
4357			my $count = 0;
4358			my $prevline = $linenr;
4359			while ($prevline > 1 && $count < 3 && !$has_break) {
4360				$prevline--;
4361				my $rline = $rawlines[$prevline - 1];
4362				my $fline = $lines[$prevline - 1];
4363				last if ($fline =~ /^\@\@/);
4364				next if ($fline =~ /^\-/);
4365				next if ($fline =~ /^.(?:\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)[\s$;]*|default):[\s$;]*)*$/);
4366				$has_break = 1 if ($rline =~ /fall[\s_-]*(through|thru)/i);
4367				next if ($fline =~ /^.[\s$;]*$/);
4368				$has_statement = 1;
4369				$count++;
4370				$has_break = 1 if ($fline =~ /\bswitch\b|\b(?:break\s*;[\s$;]*$|return\b|goto\b|continue\b)/);
4371			}
4372			if (!$has_break && $has_statement) {
4373				WARN("MISSING_BREAK",
4374				     "Possible switch case/default not preceeded by break or fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
4375			}
4376		}
4377
4378# check for switch/default statements without a break;
4379		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4380		    defined $stat &&
4381		    $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
4382			my $ctx = '';
4383			my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4384			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
4385			for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4386				$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4387			}
4388			WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
4389			     "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
4390		}
4391
4392# check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
4393		if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
4394			if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
4395				 "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
4396			    $fix) {
4397				$fixed[$linenr - 1] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
4398			}
4399		}
4400
4401# check for use of yield()
4402		if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4403			WARN("YIELD",
4404			     "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
4405		}
4406
4407# check for comparisons against true and false
4408		if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
4409			my $lead = $1;
4410			my $arg = $2;
4411			my $test = $3;
4412			my $otype = $4;
4413			my $trail = $5;
4414			my $op = "!";
4415
4416			($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
4417
4418			my $type = lc($otype);
4419			if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
4420				if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
4421				    ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
4422					$op = "";
4423				}
4424
4425				CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
4426				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
4427
4428## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
4429##				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
4430
4431			}
4432		}
4433
4434# check for semaphores initialized locked
4435		if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
4436			WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
4437			     "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
4438		}
4439
4440# recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
4441		if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
4442			WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
4443			     "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
4444		}
4445
4446# check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly please
4447		if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
4448			WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
4449			     "please use device_initcall() instead of __initcall()\n" . $herecurr);
4450		}
4451
4452# check for various ops structs, ensure they are const.
4453		my $struct_ops = qr{acpi_dock_ops|
4454				address_space_operations|
4455				backlight_ops|
4456				block_device_operations|
4457				dentry_operations|
4458				dev_pm_ops|
4459				dma_map_ops|
4460				extent_io_ops|
4461				file_lock_operations|
4462				file_operations|
4463				hv_ops|
4464				ide_dma_ops|
4465				intel_dvo_dev_ops|
4466				item_operations|
4467				iwl_ops|
4468				kgdb_arch|
4469				kgdb_io|
4470				kset_uevent_ops|
4471				lock_manager_operations|
4472				microcode_ops|
4473				mtrr_ops|
4474				neigh_ops|
4475				nlmsvc_binding|
4476				pci_raw_ops|
4477				pipe_buf_operations|
4478				platform_hibernation_ops|
4479				platform_suspend_ops|
4480				proto_ops|
4481				rpc_pipe_ops|
4482				seq_operations|
4483				snd_ac97_build_ops|
4484				soc_pcmcia_socket_ops|
4485				stacktrace_ops|
4486				sysfs_ops|
4487				tty_operations|
4488				usb_mon_operations|
4489				wd_ops}x;
4490		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
4491		    $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($struct_ops)\b/) {
4492			WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
4493			     "struct $1 should normally be const\n" .
4494				$herecurr);
4495		}
4496
4497# use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
4498# ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
4499		if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
4500		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
4501		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
4502		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
4503		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
4504		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
4505		{
4506			WARN("NR_CPUS",
4507			     "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
4508		}
4509
4510# Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
4511		if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
4512			ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
4513			      "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
4514		}
4515
4516# check for %L{u,d,i} in strings
4517		my $string;
4518		while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
4519			$string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
4520			$string =~ s/%%/__/g;
4521			if ($string =~ /(?<!%)%L[udi]/) {
4522				WARN("PRINTF_L",
4523				     "\%Ld/%Lu are not-standard C, use %lld/%llu\n" . $herecurr);
4524				last;
4525			}
4526		}
4527
4528# whine mightly about in_atomic
4529		if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
4530			if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
4531				ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
4532				      "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
4533			} elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
4534				WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
4535				     "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
4536			}
4537		}
4538
4539# check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
4540		if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
4541		    $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
4542			if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
4543			    $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
4544			    $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
4545				ERROR("LOCKDEP",
4546				      "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
4547			}
4548		}
4549
4550		if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_file.*S_IWUGO/ ||
4551		    $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*S_IWUGO/ ) {
4552			WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
4553			     "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
4554		}
4555
4556# Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
4557# This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
4558		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4559		    $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
4560			foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
4561				my $func = $entry->[0];
4562				my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
4563
4564				my $skip_args = "";
4565				if ($arg_pos > 1) {
4566					$arg_pos--;
4567					$skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
4568				}
4569				my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}([\\d]+)\\s*[,\\)]";
4570				if ($line =~ /$test/) {
4571					my $val = $1;
4572					$val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
4573
4574					if ($val !~ /^0$/ &&
4575					    (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
4576					     length($val) ne 4)) {
4577						ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
4578						      "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . $herecurr);
4579					}
4580				}
4581			}
4582		}
4583	}
4584
4585	# If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
4586	# so just keep quiet.
4587	if ($#rawlines == -1) {
4588		exit(0);
4589	}
4590
4591	# In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
4592	# things that appear to be patches.
4593	if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
4594		exit(0);
4595	}
4596
4597	# This is not a patch, and we are are in 'no-patch' mode so
4598	# just keep quiet.
4599	if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
4600		exit(0);
4601	}
4602
4603	if (!$is_patch) {
4604		ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
4605		      "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
4606	}
4607	if ($is_patch && $chk_signoff && $signoff == 0) {
4608		ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
4609		      "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
4610	}
4611
4612	print report_dump();
4613	if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
4614		print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
4615		print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
4616			(($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
4617			"$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
4618		print "\n" if ($quiet == 0);
4619	}
4620
4621	if ($quiet == 0) {
4622
4623		if ($^V lt 5.10.0) {
4624			print("NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.\n");
4625			print("An upgrade to at least perl v5.10.0 is suggested.\n\n");
4626		}
4627
4628		# If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
4629		# then suggest that.
4630		if ($rpt_cleaners) {
4631			print "NOTE: whitespace errors detected, you may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or\n";
4632			print "      scripts/cleanfile\n\n";
4633			$rpt_cleaners = 0;
4634		}
4635	}
4636
4637	hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
4638	hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
4639
4640	if ($clean == 0 && $fix && "@rawlines" ne "@fixed") {
4641		my $newfile = $filename;
4642		$newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
4643		my $linecount = 0;
4644		my $f;
4645
4646		open($f, '>', $newfile)
4647		    or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
4648		foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
4649			$linecount++;
4650			if ($file) {
4651				if ($linecount > 3) {
4652					$fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
4653					print $f $fixed_line. "\n";
4654				}
4655			} else {
4656				print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
4657			}
4658		}
4659		close($f);
4660
4661		if (!$quiet) {
4662			print << "EOM";
4663Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
4664
4665Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
4666Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
4667
4668This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
4669No warranties, expressed or implied...
4670
4671EOM
4672		}
4673	}
4674
4675	if ($clean == 1 && $quiet == 0) {
4676		print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n"
4677	}
4678	if ($clean == 0 && $quiet == 0) {
4679		print << "EOM";
4680$vname has style problems, please review.
4681
4682If any of these errors are false positives, please report
4683them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
4684EOM
4685	}
4686
4687	return $clean;
4688}
4689