xref: /openbmc/linux/scripts/checkpatch.pl (revision 4f205687)
1#!/usr/bin/perl -w
2# (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
3# (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
4# (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
5# (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
6# Licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL License version 2
7
8use strict;
9use POSIX;
10use File::Basename;
11use Cwd 'abs_path';
12use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
13
14my $P = $0;
15my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
16
17my $V = '0.32';
18
19use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
20
21my $quiet = 0;
22my $tree = 1;
23my $chk_signoff = 1;
24my $chk_patch = 1;
25my $tst_only;
26my $emacs = 0;
27my $terse = 0;
28my $showfile = 0;
29my $file = 0;
30my $git = 0;
31my %git_commits = ();
32my $check = 0;
33my $check_orig = 0;
34my $summary = 1;
35my $mailback = 0;
36my $summary_file = 0;
37my $show_types = 0;
38my $list_types = 0;
39my $fix = 0;
40my $fix_inplace = 0;
41my $root;
42my %debug;
43my %camelcase = ();
44my %use_type = ();
45my @use = ();
46my %ignore_type = ();
47my @ignore = ();
48my $help = 0;
49my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
50my $max_line_length = 80;
51my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
52my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
53my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
54my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
55my $codespell = 0;
56my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
57my $color = 1;
58
59sub help {
60	my ($exitcode) = @_;
61
62	print << "EOM";
63Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
64Version: $V
65
66Options:
67  -q, --quiet                quiet
68  --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
69  --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
70  --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
71  --emacs                    emacs compile window format
72  --terse                    one line per report
73  --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
74  -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
75                             single git commit with:
76                               <rev>
77                               <rev>^
78                               <rev>~n
79                             multiple git commits with:
80                               <rev1>..<rev2>
81                               <rev1>...<rev2>
82                               <rev>-<count>
83                             git merges are ignored
84  -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
85  --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
86  --list-types               list the possible message types
87  --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
88  --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
89  --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
90  --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, if exceeded, warn
91  --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
92  --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
93  --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
94  --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
95  --summary-file             include the filename in summary
96  --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
97                             'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
98                             is all off)
99  --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
100                             literally
101  --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
102                             If correctable single-line errors exist, create
103                             "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
104                             with potential errors corrected to the preferred
105                             checkpatch style
106  --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
107                             Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
108                             file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
109  --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
110                             runtime errors.
111  --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
112                             (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
113  --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
114  --color                    Use colors when output is STDOUT (default: on)
115  -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
116
117When FILE is - read standard input.
118EOM
119
120	exit($exitcode);
121}
122
123sub uniq {
124	my %seen;
125	return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
126}
127
128sub list_types {
129	my ($exitcode) = @_;
130
131	my $count = 0;
132
133	local $/ = undef;
134
135	open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
136	    die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
137
138	my $text = <$script>;
139	close($script);
140
141	my @types = ();
142	for ($text =~ /\b(?:(?:CHK|WARN|ERROR)\s*\(\s*"([^"]+)")/g) {
143		push (@types, $_);
144	}
145	@types = sort(uniq(@types));
146	print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
147	foreach my $type (@types) {
148		print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
149	}
150
151	exit($exitcode);
152}
153
154my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
155if (-f $conf) {
156	my @conf_args;
157	open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
158	    or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
159
160	while (<$conffile>) {
161		my $line = $_;
162
163		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
164		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
165		$line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
166
167		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
168		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
169
170		my @words = split(" ", $line);
171		foreach my $word (@words) {
172			last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
173			push (@conf_args, $word);
174		}
175	}
176	close($conffile);
177	unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
178}
179
180GetOptions(
181	'q|quiet+'	=> \$quiet,
182	'tree!'		=> \$tree,
183	'signoff!'	=> \$chk_signoff,
184	'patch!'	=> \$chk_patch,
185	'emacs!'	=> \$emacs,
186	'terse!'	=> \$terse,
187	'showfile!'	=> \$showfile,
188	'f|file!'	=> \$file,
189	'g|git!'	=> \$git,
190	'subjective!'	=> \$check,
191	'strict!'	=> \$check,
192	'ignore=s'	=> \@ignore,
193	'types=s'	=> \@use,
194	'show-types!'	=> \$show_types,
195	'list-types!'	=> \$list_types,
196	'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
197	'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
198	'root=s'	=> \$root,
199	'summary!'	=> \$summary,
200	'mailback!'	=> \$mailback,
201	'summary-file!'	=> \$summary_file,
202	'fix!'		=> \$fix,
203	'fix-inplace!'	=> \$fix_inplace,
204	'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
205	'debug=s'	=> \%debug,
206	'test-only=s'	=> \$tst_only,
207	'codespell!'	=> \$codespell,
208	'codespellfile=s'	=> \$codespellfile,
209	'color!'	=> \$color,
210	'h|help'	=> \$help,
211	'version'	=> \$help
212) or help(1);
213
214help(0) if ($help);
215
216list_types(0) if ($list_types);
217
218$fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
219$check_orig = $check;
220
221my $exit = 0;
222
223if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
224	printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
225	if (!$ignore_perl_version) {
226		exit(1);
227	}
228}
229
230if ($#ARGV < 0) {
231	print "$P: no input files\n";
232	exit(1);
233}
234
235sub hash_save_array_words {
236	my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
237
238	my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
239	foreach my $word (@array) {
240		$word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
241		$word =~ s/^\s*//g;
242		$word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
243		$word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
244
245		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
246		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
247
248		$hashRef->{$word}++;
249	}
250}
251
252sub hash_show_words {
253	my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
254
255	if (keys %$hashRef) {
256		print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
257		foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
258			print " $word";
259		}
260		print "\n";
261	}
262}
263
264hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
265hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
266
267my $dbg_values = 0;
268my $dbg_possible = 0;
269my $dbg_type = 0;
270my $dbg_attr = 0;
271for my $key (keys %debug) {
272	## no critic
273	eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
274	die "$@" if ($@);
275}
276
277my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
278
279if ($terse) {
280	$emacs = 1;
281	$quiet++;
282}
283
284if ($tree) {
285	if (defined $root) {
286		if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
287			die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
288		}
289	} else {
290		if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
291			$root = '.';
292		} elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
293						top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
294			$root = $1;
295		}
296	}
297
298	if (!defined $root) {
299		print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
300		exit(2);
301	}
302}
303
304my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
305
306our $Ident	= qr{
307			[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
308			(?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
309		}x;
310our $Storage	= qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
311our $Sparse	= qr{
312			__user|
313			__kernel|
314			__force|
315			__iomem|
316			__pmem|
317			__must_check|
318			__init_refok|
319			__kprobes|
320			__ref|
321			__rcu|
322			__private
323		}x;
324our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
325our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
326our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
327our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
328our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
329
330# Notes to $Attribute:
331# We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
332our $Attribute	= qr{
333			const|
334			__percpu|
335			__nocast|
336			__safe|
337			__bitwise__|
338			__packed__|
339			__packed2__|
340			__naked|
341			__maybe_unused|
342			__always_unused|
343			__noreturn|
344			__used|
345			__cold|
346			__pure|
347			__noclone|
348			__deprecated|
349			__read_mostly|
350			__kprobes|
351			$InitAttribute|
352			____cacheline_aligned|
353			____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
354			____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
355			__weak
356		  }x;
357our $Modifier;
358our $Inline	= qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
359our $Member	= qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
360our $Lval	= qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
361
362our $Int_type	= qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
363our $Binary	= qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
364our $Hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
365our $Int	= qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
366our $Octal	= qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
367our $String	= qr{"[X\t]*"};
368our $Float_hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
369our $Float_dec	= qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
370our $Float_int	= qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
371our $Float	= qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
372our $Constant	= qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
373our $Assignment	= qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
374our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
375our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
376our $Operators	= qr{
377			<=|>=|==|!=|
378			=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
379			&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
380		  }x;
381
382our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
383
384our $BasicType;
385our $NonptrType;
386our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
387our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
388our $Type;
389our $TypeMisordered;
390our $Declare;
391our $DeclareMisordered;
392
393our $NON_ASCII_UTF8	= qr{
394	[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
395	|  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
396	| [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
397	|  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
398	|  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
399	| [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
400	|  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
401}x;
402
403our $UTF8	= qr{
404	[\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
405	| $NON_ASCII_UTF8
406}x;
407
408our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
409our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
410	u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
411	u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
412)};
413our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
414	(?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
415	atomic_t
416)};
417our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
418	$typeC99Typedefs\b|
419	$typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
420	$typeKernelTypedefs\b
421)};
422
423our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
424
425our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
426	printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
427	(?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
428	WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
429	panic|
430	MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
431	seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
432)};
433
434our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
435	Signed-off-by:|
436	Acked-by:|
437	Tested-by:|
438	Reviewed-by:|
439	Reported-by:|
440	Suggested-by:|
441	To:|
442	Cc:
443)};
444
445our @typeListMisordered = (
446	qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
447	qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
448	qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
449	qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
450	qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
451	qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
452	qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
453	qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
454	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
455	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
456	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
457	qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
458	qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
459	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
460	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
461	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
462);
463
464our @typeList = (
465	qr{void},
466	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
467	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
468	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
469	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
470	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
471	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
472	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
473	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
474	qr{(?:un)?signed},
475	qr{float},
476	qr{double},
477	qr{bool},
478	qr{struct\s+$Ident},
479	qr{union\s+$Ident},
480	qr{enum\s+$Ident},
481	qr{${Ident}_t},
482	qr{${Ident}_handler},
483	qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
484	@typeListMisordered,
485);
486
487our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
488	long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
489	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
490	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
491	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
492	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
493	int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
494	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
495
496	long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
497	long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
498	long\s+(?:un)?signed|
499	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
500	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
501	int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
502	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
503
504	int\s+(?:un)?signed|
505	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
506)};
507
508our @typeListFile = ();
509our @typeListWithAttr = (
510	@typeList,
511	qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
512	qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
513);
514
515our @modifierList = (
516	qr{fastcall},
517);
518our @modifierListFile = ();
519
520our @mode_permission_funcs = (
521	["module_param", 3],
522	["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
523	["module_param_array_named", 5],
524	["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
525	["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
526	["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR)_ATTR", 2],
527);
528
529#Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
530our $mode_perms_search = "";
531foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
532	$mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
533	$mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
534}
535
536our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
537	S_IWUGO		|
538	S_IWOTH		|
539	S_IRWXUGO	|
540	S_IALLUGO	|
541	0[0-7][0-7][2367]
542}x;
543
544our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
545	irq|
546	memory|
547	time|
548	reboot
549)};
550# memory.h: ARM has a custom one
551
552# Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
553my $misspellings;
554my %spelling_fix;
555
556if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
557	while (<$spelling>) {
558		my $line = $_;
559
560		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
561		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
562
563		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
564		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
565
566		my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
567
568		$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
569	}
570	close($spelling);
571} else {
572	warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
573}
574
575if ($codespell) {
576	if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
577		while (<$spelling>) {
578			my $line = $_;
579
580			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
581			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
582
583			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
584			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
585			next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
586
587			$line =~ s/,.*$//;
588
589			my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
590
591			$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
592		}
593		close($spelling);
594	} else {
595		warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
596	}
597}
598
599$misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
600
601sub build_types {
602	my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
603	my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
604	my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
605	my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
606	$Modifier	= qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
607	$BasicType	= qr{
608				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
609				(?:${all}\b)
610		}x;
611	$NonptrType	= qr{
612			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
613			(?:
614				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
615				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
616				(?:${all}\b)
617			)
618			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
619		  }x;
620	$NonptrTypeMisordered	= qr{
621			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
622			(?:
623				(?:${Misordered}\b)
624			)
625			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
626		  }x;
627	$NonptrTypeWithAttr	= qr{
628			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
629			(?:
630				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
631				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
632				(?:${allWithAttr}\b)
633			)
634			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
635		  }x;
636	$Type	= qr{
637			$NonptrType
638			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
639			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
640		  }x;
641	$TypeMisordered	= qr{
642			$NonptrTypeMisordered
643			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
644			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
645		  }x;
646	$Declare	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
647	$DeclareMisordered	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
648}
649build_types();
650
651our $Typecast	= qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
652
653# Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
654# requires at least perl version v5.10.0
655# Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
656
657our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
658our $LvalOrFunc	= qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
659our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
660
661our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
662	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
663	(?:$Storage\s+)?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
664	(?:$Storage\s+)?${Type}\s+uninitialized_var\s*\(
665)};
666
667sub deparenthesize {
668	my ($string) = @_;
669	return "" if (!defined($string));
670
671	while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
672		$string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
673		$string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
674	}
675
676	$string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
677
678	return $string;
679}
680
681sub seed_camelcase_file {
682	my ($file) = @_;
683
684	return if (!(-f $file));
685
686	local $/;
687
688	open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
689	    or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
690	my $text = <$include_file>;
691	close($include_file);
692
693	my @lines = split('\n', $text);
694
695	foreach my $line (@lines) {
696		next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
697		if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
698			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
699		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
700			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
701		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
702			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
703		}
704	}
705}
706
707my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
708sub seed_camelcase_includes {
709	return if ($camelcase_seeded);
710
711	my $files;
712	my $camelcase_cache = "";
713	my @include_files = ();
714
715	$camelcase_seeded = 1;
716
717	if (-e ".git") {
718		my $git_last_include_commit = `git log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
719		chomp $git_last_include_commit;
720		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
721	} else {
722		my $last_mod_date = 0;
723		$files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
724		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
725		foreach my $file (@include_files) {
726			my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
727						   localtime((stat $file)[9]));
728			$last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
729		}
730		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
731	}
732
733	if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
734		open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
735		    or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
736		while (<$camelcase_file>) {
737			chomp;
738			$camelcase{$_} = 1;
739		}
740		close($camelcase_file);
741
742		return;
743	}
744
745	if (-e ".git") {
746		$files = `git ls-files "include/*.h"`;
747		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
748	}
749
750	foreach my $file (@include_files) {
751		seed_camelcase_file($file);
752	}
753
754	if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
755		unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
756		open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
757		    or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
758		foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
759			print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
760		}
761		close($camelcase_file);
762	}
763}
764
765sub git_commit_info {
766	my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
767
768	return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e ".git"));
769
770	my $output = `git log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
771	$output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
772	my @lines = split("\n", $output);
773
774	return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
775
776	if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous\./) {
777# Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
778# all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
779#
780#		echo "checking commits $1..."
781#		git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
782#		while read line ; do
783#		    git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
784#		    echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
785#		done
786	} elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
787	} else {
788		$id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
789		$desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
790	}
791
792	return ($id, $desc);
793}
794
795$chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
796
797my @rawlines = ();
798my @lines = ();
799my @fixed = ();
800my @fixed_inserted = ();
801my @fixed_deleted = ();
802my $fixlinenr = -1;
803
804# If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
805# For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
806die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e ".git");
807
808if ($git) {
809	my @commits = ();
810	foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
811		my $git_range;
812		if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
813			$git_range = "-$2 $1";
814		} elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
815			$git_range = "$commit_expr";
816		} else {
817			$git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
818		}
819		my $lines = `git log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
820		foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
821			$line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
822			next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
823			my $sha1 = $1;
824			my $subject = $2;
825			unshift(@commits, $sha1);
826			$git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
827		}
828	}
829	die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
830	@ARGV = @commits;
831}
832
833my $vname;
834for my $filename (@ARGV) {
835	my $FILE;
836	if ($git) {
837		open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
838			die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
839	} elsif ($file) {
840		open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
841			die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
842	} elsif ($filename eq '-') {
843		open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
844	} else {
845		open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
846			die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
847	}
848	if ($filename eq '-') {
849		$vname = 'Your patch';
850	} elsif ($git) {
851		$vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
852	} else {
853		$vname = $filename;
854	}
855	while (<$FILE>) {
856		chomp;
857		push(@rawlines, $_);
858	}
859	close($FILE);
860
861	if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
862		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
863		print "$vname\n";
864		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
865	}
866
867	if (!process($filename)) {
868		$exit = 1;
869	}
870	@rawlines = ();
871	@lines = ();
872	@fixed = ();
873	@fixed_inserted = ();
874	@fixed_deleted = ();
875	$fixlinenr = -1;
876	@modifierListFile = ();
877	@typeListFile = ();
878	build_types();
879}
880
881if (!$quiet) {
882	hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
883	hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
884
885	if ($^V lt 5.10.0) {
886		print << "EOM"
887
888NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
889      An upgrade to at least perl v5.10.0 is suggested.
890EOM
891	}
892	if ($exit) {
893		print << "EOM"
894
895NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
896      them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
897EOM
898	}
899}
900
901exit($exit);
902
903sub top_of_kernel_tree {
904	my ($root) = @_;
905
906	my @tree_check = (
907		"COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
908		"README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
909		"fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
910	);
911
912	foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
913		if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
914			return 0;
915		}
916	}
917	return 1;
918}
919
920sub parse_email {
921	my ($formatted_email) = @_;
922
923	my $name = "";
924	my $address = "";
925	my $comment = "";
926
927	if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
928		$name = $1;
929		$address = $2;
930		$comment = $3 if defined $3;
931	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
932		$address = $1;
933		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
934	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
935		$address = $1;
936		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
937		$formatted_email =~ s/$address.*$//;
938		$name = $formatted_email;
939		$name = trim($name);
940		$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
941		# If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
942		# leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
943		# leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
944		# is invalid. ie:
945		#   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
946		#   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
947		if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
948			$name = "";
949			$address = "";
950			$comment = "";
951		}
952	}
953
954	$name = trim($name);
955	$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
956	$address = trim($address);
957	$address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
958
959	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
960		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
961		$name = "\"$name\"";
962	}
963
964	return ($name, $address, $comment);
965}
966
967sub format_email {
968	my ($name, $address) = @_;
969
970	my $formatted_email;
971
972	$name = trim($name);
973	$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
974	$address = trim($address);
975
976	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
977		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
978		$name = "\"$name\"";
979	}
980
981	if ("$name" eq "") {
982		$formatted_email = "$address";
983	} else {
984		$formatted_email = "$name <$address>";
985	}
986
987	return $formatted_email;
988}
989
990sub which {
991	my ($bin) = @_;
992
993	foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
994		if (-e "$path/$bin") {
995			return "$path/$bin";
996		}
997	}
998
999	return "";
1000}
1001
1002sub which_conf {
1003	my ($conf) = @_;
1004
1005	foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1006		if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1007			return "$path/$conf";
1008		}
1009	}
1010
1011	return "";
1012}
1013
1014sub expand_tabs {
1015	my ($str) = @_;
1016
1017	my $res = '';
1018	my $n = 0;
1019	for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1020		if ($c eq "\t") {
1021			$res .= ' ';
1022			$n++;
1023			for (; ($n % 8) != 0; $n++) {
1024				$res .= ' ';
1025			}
1026			next;
1027		}
1028		$res .= $c;
1029		$n++;
1030	}
1031
1032	return $res;
1033}
1034sub copy_spacing {
1035	(my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1036	return $res;
1037}
1038
1039sub line_stats {
1040	my ($line) = @_;
1041
1042	# Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1043	$line =~ s/^.//;
1044	$line = expand_tabs($line);
1045
1046	# Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1047	my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1048
1049	return (length($line), length($white));
1050}
1051
1052my $sanitise_quote = '';
1053
1054sub sanitise_line_reset {
1055	my ($in_comment) = @_;
1056
1057	if ($in_comment) {
1058		$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1059	} else {
1060		$sanitise_quote = '';
1061	}
1062}
1063sub sanitise_line {
1064	my ($line) = @_;
1065
1066	my $res = '';
1067	my $l = '';
1068
1069	my $qlen = 0;
1070	my $off = 0;
1071	my $c;
1072
1073	# Always copy over the diff marker.
1074	$res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1075
1076	for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1077		$c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1078
1079		# Comments we are wacking completly including the begin
1080		# and end, all to $;.
1081		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1082			$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1083
1084			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1085			$off++;
1086			next;
1087		}
1088		if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1089			$sanitise_quote = '';
1090			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1091			$off++;
1092			next;
1093		}
1094		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1095			$sanitise_quote = '//';
1096
1097			substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1098			$off++;
1099			next;
1100		}
1101
1102		# A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1103		if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1104		    $c eq "\\") {
1105			substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1106			$off++;
1107			next;
1108		}
1109		# Regular quotes.
1110		if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1111			if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1112				$sanitise_quote = $c;
1113
1114				substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1115				next;
1116			} elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1117				$sanitise_quote = '';
1118			}
1119		}
1120
1121		#print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1122		if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1123			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1124		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1125			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1126		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1127			substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1128		} else {
1129			substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1130		}
1131	}
1132
1133	if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1134		$sanitise_quote = '';
1135	}
1136
1137	# The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1138	if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1139		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1140		$res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1141
1142	# The whole of a #error is a string.
1143	} elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1144		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1145		$res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1146	}
1147
1148	return $res;
1149}
1150
1151sub get_quoted_string {
1152	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1153
1154	return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1155	return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1156}
1157
1158sub ctx_statement_block {
1159	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1160	my $line = $linenr - 1;
1161	my $blk = '';
1162	my $soff = $off;
1163	my $coff = $off - 1;
1164	my $coff_set = 0;
1165
1166	my $loff = 0;
1167
1168	my $type = '';
1169	my $level = 0;
1170	my @stack = ();
1171	my $p;
1172	my $c;
1173	my $len = 0;
1174
1175	my $remainder;
1176	while (1) {
1177		@stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1178
1179		#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1180		# If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1181		# context.
1182		if ($off >= $len) {
1183			for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1184				last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1185				next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1186				$remain--;
1187				$loff = $len;
1188				$blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1189				$len = length($blk);
1190				$line++;
1191				last;
1192			}
1193			# Bail if there is no further context.
1194			#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1195			if ($off >= $len) {
1196				last;
1197			}
1198			if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1199				$level++;
1200				$type = '#';
1201			}
1202		}
1203		$p = $c;
1204		$c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1205		$remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1206
1207		#warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1208
1209		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1210		if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1211			push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1212		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1213			($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1214		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1215			($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1216		}
1217
1218		# Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1219		# outermost level.
1220		if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1221			last;
1222		}
1223
1224		# An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1225		if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1226				(!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1227				$remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1228				$remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1229			$coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1230			$coff_set = 1;
1231			#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1232			#warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1233		}
1234
1235		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1236			$level++;
1237			$type = '(';
1238		}
1239		if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1240			$level--;
1241			$type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1242
1243			if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1244				$coff = $off;
1245				$coff_set = 1;
1246				#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1247			}
1248		}
1249		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1250			$level++;
1251			$type = '{';
1252		}
1253		if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1254			$level--;
1255			$type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1256
1257			if ($level == 0) {
1258				if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1259					$off++;
1260				}
1261				last;
1262			}
1263		}
1264		# Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1265		if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1266			$level--;
1267			$type = '';
1268			$off++;
1269			last;
1270		}
1271		$off++;
1272	}
1273	# We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1274	if ($off == $len) {
1275		$loff = $len + 1;
1276		$line++;
1277		$remain--;
1278	}
1279
1280	my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1281	my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1282
1283	#warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1284	#warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1285
1286	#print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1287
1288	return ($statement, $condition,
1289			$line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1290}
1291
1292sub statement_lines {
1293	my ($stmt) = @_;
1294
1295	# Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1296	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1297	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1298	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1299
1300	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1301
1302	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1303}
1304
1305sub statement_rawlines {
1306	my ($stmt) = @_;
1307
1308	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1309
1310	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1311}
1312
1313sub statement_block_size {
1314	my ($stmt) = @_;
1315
1316	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1317	$stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1318	$stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1319	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1320	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1321
1322	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1323	my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1324
1325	my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1326	my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1327
1328	if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1329		return $stmt_lines;
1330	} else {
1331		return $stmt_statements;
1332	}
1333}
1334
1335sub ctx_statement_full {
1336	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1337	my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1338
1339	my (@chunks);
1340
1341	# Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1342	($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1343				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1344	#print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1345	push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1346	if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1347		return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1348	}
1349
1350	# Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1351	# could continue the statement.
1352	for (;;) {
1353		($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1354				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1355		#print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1356		last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1357		#print "C: push\n";
1358		push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1359	}
1360
1361	return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1362}
1363
1364sub ctx_block_get {
1365	my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1366	my $line;
1367	my $start = $linenr - 1;
1368	my $blk = '';
1369	my @o;
1370	my @c;
1371	my @res = ();
1372
1373	my $level = 0;
1374	my @stack = ($level);
1375	for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1376		next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1377		$remain--;
1378
1379		$blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1380
1381		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1382		if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1383			push(@stack, $level);
1384		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1385			$level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1386		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1387			$level = pop(@stack);
1388		}
1389
1390		foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1391			##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1392			if ($off > 0) {
1393				$off--;
1394				next;
1395			}
1396
1397			if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1398				$level--;
1399				last if ($level == 0);
1400			} elsif ($c eq $open) {
1401				$level++;
1402			}
1403		}
1404
1405		if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1406			push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1407		}
1408
1409		last if ($level == 0);
1410	}
1411
1412	return ($level, @res);
1413}
1414sub ctx_block_outer {
1415	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1416
1417	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1418	return @r;
1419}
1420sub ctx_block {
1421	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1422
1423	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1424	return @r;
1425}
1426sub ctx_statement {
1427	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1428
1429	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1430	return @r;
1431}
1432sub ctx_block_level {
1433	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1434
1435	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1436}
1437sub ctx_statement_level {
1438	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1439
1440	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1441}
1442
1443sub ctx_locate_comment {
1444	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1445
1446	# Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1447	my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1448	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1449
1450	# Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1451	# comment.
1452	my $in_comment = 0;
1453	$current_comment = '';
1454	for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1455		my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1456		#warn "           $line\n";
1457		if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1458			$in_comment = 1;
1459		}
1460		if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1461			$in_comment = 1;
1462		}
1463		if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1464			$current_comment = '';
1465		}
1466		$current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1467		if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1468			$in_comment = 0;
1469		}
1470	}
1471
1472	chomp($current_comment);
1473	return($current_comment);
1474}
1475sub ctx_has_comment {
1476	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1477	my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1478
1479	##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1480	##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1481
1482	return ($cmt ne '');
1483}
1484
1485sub raw_line {
1486	my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1487
1488	my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1489	$cnt++;
1490
1491	my $line;
1492	while ($cnt) {
1493		$line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1494		next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1495		$cnt--;
1496	}
1497
1498	return $line;
1499}
1500
1501sub cat_vet {
1502	my ($vet) = @_;
1503	my ($res, $coded);
1504
1505	$res = '';
1506	while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1507		$res .= $1;
1508		if ($2 ne '') {
1509			$coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1510			$res .= $coded;
1511		}
1512	}
1513	$res =~ s/$/\$/;
1514
1515	return $res;
1516}
1517
1518my $av_preprocessor = 0;
1519my $av_pending;
1520my @av_paren_type;
1521my $av_pend_colon;
1522
1523sub annotate_reset {
1524	$av_preprocessor = 0;
1525	$av_pending = '_';
1526	@av_paren_type = ('E');
1527	$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1528}
1529
1530sub annotate_values {
1531	my ($stream, $type) = @_;
1532
1533	my $res;
1534	my $var = '_' x length($stream);
1535	my $cur = $stream;
1536
1537	print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1538
1539	while (length($cur)) {
1540		@av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
1541		print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
1542				"> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1543		if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
1544			print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1545			if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
1546				$type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1547				$av_preprocessor = 0;
1548			}
1549
1550		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
1551			print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1552			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1553			$type = 'c';
1554
1555		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
1556			print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1557			$type = 'T';
1558
1559		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
1560			print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1561			$type = 'T';
1562
1563		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
1564			print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1565			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1566			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1567			if ($2 ne '') {
1568				$av_pending = 'N';
1569			}
1570			$type = 'E';
1571
1572		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
1573			print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1574			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1575			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1576
1577		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
1578			print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1579			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1580
1581			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1582			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1583			$type = 'E';
1584
1585		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
1586			print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1587			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1588
1589			push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
1590
1591			$type = 'E';
1592
1593		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
1594			print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1595
1596			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1597
1598			# Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
1599			# one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
1600			pop(@av_paren_type);
1601			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1602			$type = 'E';
1603
1604		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
1605			print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1606
1607		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
1608			print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1609			$av_pending = $type;
1610			$type = 'N';
1611
1612		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
1613			print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1614			if (defined $2) {
1615				$av_pending = 'V';
1616			}
1617			$type = 'N';
1618
1619		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
1620			print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1621			$av_pending = 'E';
1622			$type = 'N';
1623
1624		} elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
1625			print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1626			$av_pend_colon = 'C';
1627			$type = 'N';
1628
1629		} elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
1630			print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1631			$type = 'N';
1632
1633		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
1634			print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1635			push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
1636			$av_pending = '_';
1637			$type = 'N';
1638
1639		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
1640			my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1641			if ($new_type ne '_') {
1642				$type = $new_type;
1643				print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
1644							if ($dbg_values > 1);
1645			} else {
1646				print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1647			}
1648
1649		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
1650			print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1651			$type = 'V';
1652			$av_pending = 'V';
1653
1654		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
1655			if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
1656				$av_pend_colon = 'B';
1657			} elsif ($type eq 'E') {
1658				$av_pend_colon = 'L';
1659			}
1660			print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1661			$type = 'V';
1662
1663		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
1664			print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1665			$type = 'V';
1666
1667		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
1668			print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1669			$type = 'N';
1670
1671		} elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
1672			print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1673			$type = 'E';
1674			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1675
1676		} elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
1677			print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1678			$type = 'C';
1679
1680		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
1681			print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1682			$type = 'N';
1683
1684		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
1685			print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1686
1687			substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
1688			if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
1689				$type = 'E';
1690			} else {
1691				$type = 'N';
1692			}
1693			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1694
1695		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
1696			print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1697			$type = 'N';
1698
1699		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
1700			my $variant;
1701
1702			print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1703			if ($type eq 'V') {
1704				$variant = 'B';
1705			} else {
1706				$variant = 'U';
1707			}
1708
1709			substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
1710			$type = 'N';
1711
1712		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
1713			print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1714			if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
1715				$type = 'N';
1716			}
1717
1718		} elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
1719			print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1720		}
1721		if (defined $1) {
1722			$cur = substr($cur, length($1));
1723			$res .= $type x length($1);
1724		}
1725	}
1726
1727	return ($res, $var);
1728}
1729
1730sub possible {
1731	my ($possible, $line) = @_;
1732	my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
1733		^(?:
1734			$Modifier|
1735			$Storage|
1736			$Type|
1737			DEFINE_\S+
1738		)$|
1739		^(?:
1740			goto|
1741			return|
1742			case|
1743			else|
1744			asm|__asm__|
1745			do|
1746			\#|
1747			\#\#|
1748		)(?:\s|$)|
1749		^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
1750	    )}x;
1751	warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
1752	if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
1753		# Check for modifiers.
1754		$possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
1755		$possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
1756		if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
1757
1758		} elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
1759			$possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
1760			for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
1761				if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
1762					warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1763					push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
1764				}
1765			}
1766
1767		} else {
1768			warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1769			push(@typeListFile, $possible);
1770		}
1771		build_types();
1772	} else {
1773		warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
1774	}
1775}
1776
1777my $prefix = '';
1778
1779sub show_type {
1780	my ($type) = @_;
1781
1782	return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
1783
1784	return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
1785}
1786
1787sub report {
1788	my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
1789
1790	if (!show_type($type) ||
1791	    (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
1792		return 0;
1793	}
1794	my $output = '';
1795	if (-t STDOUT && $color) {
1796		if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
1797			$output .= RED;
1798		} elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
1799			$output .= YELLOW;
1800		} else {
1801			$output .= GREEN;
1802		}
1803	}
1804	$output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
1805	if ($show_types) {
1806		$output .= BLUE if (-t STDOUT && $color);
1807		$output .= "$type:";
1808	}
1809	$output .= RESET if (-t STDOUT && $color);
1810	$output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
1811
1812	if ($showfile) {
1813		my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
1814		splice(@lines, 1, 1);
1815		$output = join("\n", @lines);
1816	}
1817	$output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n" if ($terse);
1818
1819	push(our @report, $output);
1820
1821	return 1;
1822}
1823
1824sub report_dump {
1825	our @report;
1826}
1827
1828sub fixup_current_range {
1829	my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
1830
1831	if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
1832		my $o = $1;
1833		my $l = $2;
1834		my $no = $o + $offset;
1835		my $nl = $l + $length;
1836		$$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
1837	}
1838}
1839
1840sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
1841	my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
1842
1843	my $range_last_linenr = 0;
1844	my $delta_offset = 0;
1845
1846	my $old_linenr = 0;
1847	my $new_linenr = 0;
1848
1849	my $next_insert = 0;
1850	my $next_delete = 0;
1851
1852	my @lines = ();
1853
1854	my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
1855	my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
1856
1857	foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
1858		my $save_line = 1;
1859		my $line = $old_line;	#don't modify the array
1860		if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {	#new filename
1861			$delta_offset = 0;
1862		} elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {	#new hunk
1863			$range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
1864			fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
1865		}
1866
1867		while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
1868			$deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
1869			$save_line = 0;
1870			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
1871		}
1872
1873		while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
1874			push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
1875			$inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
1876			$new_linenr++;
1877			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
1878		}
1879
1880		if ($save_line) {
1881			push(@lines, $line);
1882			$new_linenr++;
1883		}
1884
1885		$old_linenr++;
1886	}
1887
1888	return @lines;
1889}
1890
1891sub fix_insert_line {
1892	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
1893
1894	my $inserted = {
1895		LINENR => $linenr,
1896		LINE => $line,
1897	};
1898	push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
1899}
1900
1901sub fix_delete_line {
1902	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
1903
1904	my $deleted = {
1905		LINENR => $linenr,
1906		LINE => $line,
1907	};
1908
1909	push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
1910}
1911
1912sub ERROR {
1913	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1914
1915	if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
1916		our $clean = 0;
1917		our $cnt_error++;
1918		return 1;
1919	}
1920	return 0;
1921}
1922sub WARN {
1923	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1924
1925	if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
1926		our $clean = 0;
1927		our $cnt_warn++;
1928		return 1;
1929	}
1930	return 0;
1931}
1932sub CHK {
1933	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1934
1935	if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
1936		our $clean = 0;
1937		our $cnt_chk++;
1938		return 1;
1939	}
1940	return 0;
1941}
1942
1943sub check_absolute_file {
1944	my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
1945	my $file = $absolute;
1946
1947	##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
1948
1949	# See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
1950	while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
1951		if (-f "$root/$file") {
1952			##print "file<$file>\n";
1953			last;
1954		}
1955	}
1956	if (! -f _)  {
1957		return 0;
1958	}
1959
1960	# It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
1961	my $prefix = $absolute;
1962	substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
1963
1964	##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
1965	if ($prefix ne ".../") {
1966		WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
1967		     "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
1968	}
1969}
1970
1971sub trim {
1972	my ($string) = @_;
1973
1974	$string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
1975
1976	return $string;
1977}
1978
1979sub ltrim {
1980	my ($string) = @_;
1981
1982	$string =~ s/^\s+//;
1983
1984	return $string;
1985}
1986
1987sub rtrim {
1988	my ($string) = @_;
1989
1990	$string =~ s/\s+$//;
1991
1992	return $string;
1993}
1994
1995sub string_find_replace {
1996	my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
1997
1998	$string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
1999
2000	return $string;
2001}
2002
2003sub tabify {
2004	my ($leading) = @_;
2005
2006	my $source_indent = 8;
2007	my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2008	my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2009
2010	#convert leading spaces to tabs
2011	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2012	#Remove spaces before a tab
2013	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2014
2015	return "$leading";
2016}
2017
2018sub pos_last_openparen {
2019	my ($line) = @_;
2020
2021	my $pos = 0;
2022
2023	my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2024	my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2025
2026	my $last_openparen = 0;
2027
2028	if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2029		return -1;
2030	}
2031
2032	my $len = length($line);
2033
2034	for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2035		my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2036		if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2037			$pos += length($1) - 1;
2038		} elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2039			$last_openparen = $pos;
2040		} elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2041			last;
2042		}
2043	}
2044
2045	return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2046}
2047
2048sub process {
2049	my $filename = shift;
2050
2051	my $linenr=0;
2052	my $prevline="";
2053	my $prevrawline="";
2054	my $stashline="";
2055	my $stashrawline="";
2056
2057	my $length;
2058	my $indent;
2059	my $previndent=0;
2060	my $stashindent=0;
2061
2062	our $clean = 1;
2063	my $signoff = 0;
2064	my $is_patch = 0;
2065	my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2066	my $in_commit_log = 0;		#Scanning lines before patch
2067       my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2068	my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2069	my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2070	my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2071	my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2072
2073	my $last_blank_line = 0;
2074	my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2075
2076	our @report = ();
2077	our $cnt_lines = 0;
2078	our $cnt_error = 0;
2079	our $cnt_warn = 0;
2080	our $cnt_chk = 0;
2081
2082	# Trace the real file/line as we go.
2083	my $realfile = '';
2084	my $realline = 0;
2085	my $realcnt = 0;
2086	my $here = '';
2087	my $in_comment = 0;
2088	my $comment_edge = 0;
2089	my $first_line = 0;
2090	my $p1_prefix = '';
2091
2092	my $prev_values = 'E';
2093
2094	# suppression flags
2095	my %suppress_ifbraces;
2096	my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2097	my %suppress_export;
2098	my $suppress_statement = 0;
2099
2100	my %signatures = ();
2101
2102	# Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2103	# Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2104	#
2105	my @setup_docs = ();
2106	my $setup_docs = 0;
2107
2108	my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2109
2110	sanitise_line_reset();
2111	my $line;
2112	foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2113		$linenr++;
2114		$line = $rawline;
2115
2116		push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2117
2118		if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2119			$setup_docs = 0;
2120			if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2121				$setup_docs = 1;
2122			}
2123			#next;
2124		}
2125		if ($rawline=~/^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2126			$realline=$1-1;
2127			if (defined $2) {
2128				$realcnt=$3+1;
2129			} else {
2130				$realcnt=1+1;
2131			}
2132			$in_comment = 0;
2133
2134			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2135			# the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2136			# edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2137			# at context start.
2138			my $edge;
2139			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2140			for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2141				next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2142					 $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2143				$cnt--;
2144				#print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2145				last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2146				if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2147				    $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2148					($edge) = $1;
2149					last;
2150				}
2151			}
2152			if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2153				$in_comment = 1;
2154			}
2155
2156			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2157			# is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2158			# ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2159			if (!defined $edge &&
2160			    $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2161			{
2162				$in_comment = 1;
2163			}
2164
2165			##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2166			sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2167
2168		} elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2169			# Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2170			# simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2171			$line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2172		}
2173		push(@lines, $line);
2174
2175		if ($realcnt > 1) {
2176			$realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2177		} else {
2178			$realcnt = 0;
2179		}
2180
2181		#print "==>$rawline\n";
2182		#print "-->$line\n";
2183
2184		if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2185			push(@setup_docs, $line);
2186		}
2187	}
2188
2189	$prefix = '';
2190
2191	$realcnt = 0;
2192	$linenr = 0;
2193	$fixlinenr = -1;
2194	foreach my $line (@lines) {
2195		$linenr++;
2196		$fixlinenr++;
2197		my $sline = $line;	#copy of $line
2198		$sline =~ s/$;/ /g;	#with comments as spaces
2199
2200		my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2201
2202#extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2203		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2204		    $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2205			$is_patch = 1;
2206			$first_line = $linenr + 1;
2207			$realline=$1-1;
2208			if (defined $2) {
2209				$realcnt=$3+1;
2210			} else {
2211				$realcnt=1+1;
2212			}
2213			annotate_reset();
2214			$prev_values = 'E';
2215
2216			%suppress_ifbraces = ();
2217			%suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2218			%suppress_export = ();
2219			$suppress_statement = 0;
2220			next;
2221
2222# track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2223# new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2224# blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2225		} elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2226			$realline++;
2227			$realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2228
2229			# Measure the line length and indent.
2230			($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2231
2232			# Track the previous line.
2233			($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2234			($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2235			($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2236
2237			#warn "line<$line>\n";
2238
2239		} elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2240			$realcnt--;
2241		}
2242
2243		my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2244
2245		$here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2246		$here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2247
2248		my $found_file = 0;
2249		# extract the filename as it passes
2250		if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2251			$realfile = $1;
2252			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2253			$in_commit_log = 0;
2254			$found_file = 1;
2255		} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2256			$realfile = $1;
2257			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2258			$in_commit_log = 0;
2259
2260			$p1_prefix = $1;
2261			if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2262			    -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2263				WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2264				     "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2265			}
2266
2267			if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2268				ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2269				      "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2270			}
2271			$found_file = 1;
2272		}
2273
2274#make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2275		if ($showfile) {
2276			$prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2277		} elsif ($emacs) {
2278			if ($file) {
2279				$prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2280			} else {
2281				$prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2282			}
2283		}
2284
2285		if ($found_file) {
2286			if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2287				$check = 1;
2288			} else {
2289				$check = $check_orig;
2290			}
2291			next;
2292		}
2293
2294		$here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2295
2296		my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2297		my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2298		my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2299
2300		$cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2301
2302# Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2303		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2304		    (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+@ &&
2305		      $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2306		     $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2307		     $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2308			ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2309			      "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2310			$commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2311		}
2312
2313# Check for incorrect file permissions
2314		if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2315			my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2316			if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2317			    $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2318				ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2319				      "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2320			}
2321		}
2322
2323# Check the patch for a signoff:
2324		if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:/i) {
2325			$signoff++;
2326			$in_commit_log = 0;
2327		}
2328
2329# Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
2330# emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
2331		if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
2332			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2333		}
2334
2335# Check signature styles
2336		if (!$in_header_lines &&
2337		    $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
2338			my $space_before = $1;
2339			my $sign_off = $2;
2340			my $space_after = $3;
2341			my $email = $4;
2342			my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
2343
2344			if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
2345				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2346				     "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
2347			}
2348			if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
2349				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2350					 "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2351				    $fix) {
2352					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2353					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2354				}
2355			}
2356			if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
2357				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2358					 "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
2359				    $fix) {
2360					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2361					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2362				}
2363
2364			}
2365			if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
2366				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2367					 "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2368				    $fix) {
2369					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2370					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2371				}
2372			}
2373
2374			my ($email_name, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
2375			my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $email_address));
2376			if ($suggested_email eq "") {
2377				ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2378				      "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
2379			} else {
2380				my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
2381				$dequoted =~ s/^"//;
2382				$dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
2383				# Don't force email to have quotes
2384				# Allow just an angle bracketed address
2385				if ("$dequoted$comment" ne $email &&
2386				    "<$email_address>$comment" ne $email &&
2387				    "$suggested_email$comment" ne $email) {
2388					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2389					     "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email$comment'\n" . $herecurr);
2390				}
2391			}
2392
2393# Check for duplicate signatures
2394			my $sig_nospace = $line;
2395			$sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
2396			$sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
2397			if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
2398				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2399				     "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
2400			} else {
2401				$signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
2402			}
2403		}
2404
2405# Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
2406		if ($in_header_lines &&
2407		    $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
2408			WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
2409			     "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
2410		}
2411
2412# Check for old stable address
2413		if ($line =~ /^\s*cc:\s*.*<?\bstable\@kernel\.org\b>?.*$/i) {
2414			ERROR("STABLE_ADDRESS",
2415			      "The 'stable' address should be 'stable\@vger.kernel.org'\n" . $herecurr);
2416		}
2417
2418# Check for unwanted Gerrit info
2419		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
2420			ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
2421			      "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream.\n" . $herecurr);
2422		}
2423
2424# Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
2425		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2426		    ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
2427		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
2428					# timestamp
2429		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/)) {
2430					# stack dump address
2431			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
2432		}
2433
2434# Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
2435		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
2436		    length($line) > 75 &&
2437		    !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
2438					# file delta changes
2439		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-]+\/)++[\w\.\-]+:/ ||
2440					# filename then :
2441		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:)/i ||
2442					# A Fixes: or Link: line
2443		      $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
2444			WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
2445			     "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
2446			$commit_log_long_line = 1;
2447		}
2448
2449# Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
2450		if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2451		    $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
2452			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2453		}
2454
2455# Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
2456		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2457		    $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|BugLink):/i &&
2458		    ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
2459		     ($line =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{12,40}\b/i &&
2460		      $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
2461		      $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
2462			my $init_char = "c";
2463			my $orig_commit = "";
2464			my $short = 1;
2465			my $long = 0;
2466			my $case = 1;
2467			my $space = 1;
2468			my $hasdesc = 0;
2469			my $hasparens = 0;
2470			my $id = '0123456789ab';
2471			my $orig_desc = "commit description";
2472			my $description = "";
2473
2474			if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
2475				$init_char = $1;
2476				$orig_commit = lc($2);
2477			} elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
2478				$orig_commit = lc($1);
2479			}
2480
2481			$short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
2482			$long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
2483			$space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
2484			$case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
2485			if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
2486				$orig_desc = $1;
2487				$hasparens = 1;
2488			} elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
2489				 defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2490				 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
2491				$orig_desc = $1;
2492				$hasparens = 1;
2493			} elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
2494				 defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2495				 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
2496				$line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
2497				$orig_desc = $1;
2498				$rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
2499				$orig_desc .= " " . $1;
2500				$hasparens = 1;
2501			}
2502
2503			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
2504							      $id, $orig_desc);
2505
2506			if ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens) {
2507				ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
2508				      "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
2509			}
2510		}
2511
2512# Check for added, moved or deleted files
2513		if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
2514		    ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
2515		     $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
2516		     ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
2517		      (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
2518			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2519			WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
2520			     "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
2521		}
2522
2523# Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
2524		if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
2525			ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
2526			      "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
2527				$herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
2528		}
2529
2530# Check for absolute kernel paths.
2531		if ($tree) {
2532			while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
2533				my $file = $1;
2534
2535				if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
2536				    check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
2537					#
2538				} else {
2539					check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
2540				}
2541			}
2542		}
2543
2544# UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
2545		if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
2546		    $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
2547			my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
2548
2549			my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
2550			my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
2551			my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
2552
2553			CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
2554			    "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
2555		}
2556
2557# Check if it's the start of a commit log
2558# (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
2559		if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2560		    !($rawline =~ /^\s+\S/ ||
2561		      $rawline =~ /^(commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:).*$/i)) {
2562			$in_header_lines = 0;
2563			$in_commit_log = 1;
2564		}
2565
2566# Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
2567# declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
2568		if ($in_header_lines &&
2569		    $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
2570		    $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
2571			$non_utf8_charset = 1;
2572		}
2573
2574		if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2575		    $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
2576			WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
2577			    "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
2578		}
2579
2580# Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
2581		if (defined($misspellings) &&
2582		    ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
2583			while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^a-z@])($misspellings)(?:\b|$|[^a-z@])/gi) {
2584				my $typo = $1;
2585				my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
2586				$typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
2587				$typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
2588				my $msg_type = \&WARN;
2589				$msg_type = \&CHK if ($file);
2590				if (&{$msg_type}("TYPO_SPELLING",
2591						 "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
2592				    $fix) {
2593					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
2594				}
2595			}
2596		}
2597
2598# ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
2599		next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
2600
2601#trailing whitespace
2602		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
2603			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2604			if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
2605				  "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
2606			    $fix) {
2607				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
2608			}
2609		} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
2610			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2611			if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
2612				  "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
2613			    $fix) {
2614				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
2615			}
2616
2617			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
2618		}
2619
2620# Check for FSF mailing addresses.
2621		if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
2622		    $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
2623		    $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
2624			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2625			my $msg_type = \&ERROR;
2626			$msg_type = \&CHK if ($file);
2627			&{$msg_type}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
2628				     "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
2629		}
2630
2631# check for Kconfig help text having a real description
2632# Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
2633# sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
2634		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2635		    $line =~ /^\+\s*config\s+/) {
2636			my $length = 0;
2637			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2638			my $ln = $linenr + 1;
2639			my $f;
2640			my $is_start = 0;
2641			my $is_end = 0;
2642			for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
2643				$f = $lines[$ln - 1];
2644				$cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
2645				$is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
2646
2647				next if ($f =~ /^-/);
2648				last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
2649
2650				if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate)\s*\"/) {
2651					$is_start = 1;
2652				} elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:---)?help(?:---)?$/) {
2653					$length = -1;
2654				}
2655
2656				$f =~ s/^.//;
2657				$f =~ s/#.*//;
2658				$f =~ s/^\s+//;
2659				next if ($f =~ /^$/);
2660				if ($f =~ /^\s*config\s/) {
2661					$is_end = 1;
2662					last;
2663				}
2664				$length++;
2665			}
2666			if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
2667				WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
2668				     "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
2669			}
2670			#print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
2671		}
2672
2673# discourage the addition of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL in Kconfig.
2674		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2675		    $line =~ /.\s*depends on\s+.*\bEXPERIMENTAL\b/) {
2676			WARN("CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL",
2677			     "Use of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL is deprecated. For alternatives, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/10/23/580\n");
2678		}
2679
2680# discourage the use of boolean for type definition attributes of Kconfig options
2681		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2682		    $line =~ /^\+\s*\bboolean\b/) {
2683			WARN("CONFIG_TYPE_BOOLEAN",
2684			     "Use of boolean is deprecated, please use bool instead.\n" . $herecurr);
2685		}
2686
2687		if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
2688		    ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
2689			my $flag = $1;
2690			my $replacement = {
2691				'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
2692				'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
2693				'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
2694				'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
2695			};
2696
2697			WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
2698			     "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
2699		}
2700
2701# check for DT compatible documentation
2702		if (defined $root &&
2703			(($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
2704			 ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
2705
2706			my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
2707
2708			my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
2709			my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.txt";
2710
2711			foreach my $compat (@compats) {
2712				my $compat2 = $compat;
2713				$compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
2714				my $compat3 = $compat;
2715				$compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
2716				`grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
2717				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2718					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2719					     "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
2720				}
2721
2722				next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
2723				my $vendor = $1;
2724				`grep -Eq "^$vendor\\b" $vp_file`;
2725				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2726					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2727					     "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
2728				}
2729			}
2730		}
2731
2732# check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
2733		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|pl|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
2734
2735# line length limit (with some exclusions)
2736#
2737# There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
2738#	logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
2739#	lines with a single string
2740#	#defines that are a single string
2741#
2742# There are 3 different line length message types:
2743# LONG_LINE_COMMENT	a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_linelength
2744# LONG_LINE_STRING	a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
2745# LONG_LINE		all other lines longer than $max_line_length
2746#
2747# if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
2748#
2749
2750		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
2751			my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
2752
2753			# Check the allowed long line types first
2754
2755			# logging functions that end in a string that starts
2756			# before $max_line_length
2757			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
2758			    length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
2759				$msg_type = "";
2760
2761			# lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
2762			# #defines with only strings
2763			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
2764				 $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
2765				$msg_type = "";
2766
2767			# Otherwise set the alternate message types
2768
2769			# a comment starts before $max_line_length
2770			} elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
2771				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
2772				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
2773
2774			# a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
2775			} elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
2776				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
2777				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
2778			}
2779
2780			if ($msg_type ne "" &&
2781			    (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
2782				WARN($msg_type,
2783				     "line over $max_line_length characters\n" . $herecurr);
2784			}
2785		}
2786
2787# check for adding lines without a newline.
2788		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
2789			WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
2790			     "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr);
2791		}
2792
2793# Blackfin: use hi/lo macros
2794		if ($realfile =~ m@arch/blackfin/.*\.S$@) {
2795			if ($line =~ /\.[lL][[:space:]]*=.*&[[:space:]]*0x[fF][fF][fF][fF]/) {
2796				my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2797				ERROR("LO_MACRO",
2798				      "use the LO() macro, not (... & 0xFFFF)\n" . $herevet);
2799			}
2800			if ($line =~ /\.[hH][[:space:]]*=.*>>[[:space:]]*16/) {
2801				my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2802				ERROR("HI_MACRO",
2803				      "use the HI() macro, not (... >> 16)\n" . $herevet);
2804			}
2805		}
2806
2807# check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
2808		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
2809
2810# at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
2811# more than 8 must use tabs.
2812		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
2813		    $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
2814			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2815			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
2816			if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
2817				  "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
2818			    $fix) {
2819				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
2820			}
2821		}
2822
2823# check for space before tabs.
2824		if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
2825			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2826			if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
2827				"please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
2828			    $fix) {
2829				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2830					   s/(^\+.*) {8,8}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
2831				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2832					   s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
2833			}
2834		}
2835
2836# check for && or || at the start of a line
2837		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
2838			CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
2839			    "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
2840		}
2841
2842# check indentation starts on a tab stop
2843		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
2844		    $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$))/) {
2845			my $indent = length($1);
2846			if ($indent % 8) {
2847				if (WARN("TABSTOP",
2848					 "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
2849				    $fix) {
2850					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/8)@e;
2851				}
2852			}
2853		}
2854
2855# check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
2856		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
2857		    $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|$Ident\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
2858			$prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
2859			my $oldindent = $1;
2860			my $rest = $2;
2861
2862			my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
2863			if ($pos >= 0) {
2864				$line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
2865				my $newindent = $2;
2866
2867				my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
2868					"\t" x ($pos / 8) .
2869					" "  x ($pos % 8);
2870				my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
2871
2872				if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
2873				    $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
2874
2875					if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
2876						"Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
2877					    $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2878						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2879						    s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
2880					}
2881				}
2882			}
2883		}
2884
2885# check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
2886# avoid checking a few false positives:
2887#   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
2888#   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
2889#   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
2890#   multiline macros that define functions
2891#   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
2892		if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
2893		    (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
2894			if (CHK("SPACING",
2895				"No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
2896			    $fix) {
2897				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2898				    s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
2899			}
2900		}
2901
2902# Block comment styles
2903# Networking with an initial /*
2904		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
2905		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
2906		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
2907		    $realline > 2) {
2908			WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2909			     "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
2910		}
2911
2912# Block comments use * on subsequent lines
2913		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
2914		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#starting /*
2915		    $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&		#no trailing */
2916		    $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&			#line is new
2917		    $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {		#no leading *
2918			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2919			     "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
2920		}
2921
2922# Block comments use */ on trailing lines
2923		if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing */
2924		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#inline /*...*/
2925		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing **/
2926		    $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {	#non blank */
2927			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2928			     "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
2929		}
2930
2931# check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
2932# with exceptions for various attributes and macros
2933		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
2934		    $line =~ /^\+/ &&
2935		    !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
2936		      $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
2937		      $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
2938		      $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
2939		      $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
2940		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
2941		      $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
2942		      $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
2943			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
2944				"Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
2945			    $fix) {
2946				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
2947			}
2948		}
2949
2950# check for multiple consecutive blank lines
2951		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
2952		    $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
2953		    $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
2954			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
2955				"Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
2956			    $fix) {
2957				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
2958			}
2959
2960			$last_blank_line = $linenr;
2961		}
2962
2963# check for missing blank lines after declarations
2964		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+\S/ &&			#Not at char 1
2965			# actual declarations
2966		    ($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
2967			# function pointer declarations
2968		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
2969			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
2970		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
2971			# known declaration macros
2972		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
2973			# for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
2974		    !($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
2975			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
2976		      $prevline =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
2977			# not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
2978		      $prevline =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
2979			# looks like a declaration
2980		    !($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
2981			# function pointer declarations
2982		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
2983			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
2984		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
2985			# known declaration macros
2986		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
2987			# start of struct or union or enum
2988		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
2989			# start or end of block or continuation of declaration
2990		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
2991			# bitfield continuation
2992		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
2993			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
2994		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/) &&
2995			# indentation of previous and current line are the same
2996		    (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/)) {
2997			if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
2998				 "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
2999			    $fix) {
3000				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3001			}
3002		}
3003
3004# check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
3005# Exceptions:
3006#  1) within comments
3007#  2) indented preprocessor commands
3008#  3) hanging labels
3009		if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
3010			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3011			if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
3012				 "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
3013			    $fix) {
3014				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3015			}
3016		}
3017
3018# check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
3019		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
3020
3021# check indentation of any line with a bare else
3022# (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
3023# if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
3024		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
3025			my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
3026			if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
3027			    ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
3028			     defined $lines[$linenr] &&
3029			     $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
3030				WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
3031				     "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
3032			}
3033		}
3034
3035# check indentation of a line with a break;
3036# if the previous line is a goto or return and is indented the same # of tabs
3037		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
3038			my $tabs = $1;
3039			if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(?:goto|return)\b/) {
3040				WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
3041				     "break is not useful after a goto or return\n" . $hereprev);
3042			}
3043		}
3044
3045# discourage the addition of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL in #if(def).
3046		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*if.*\bCONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL\b/) {
3047			WARN("CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL",
3048			     "Use of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL is deprecated. For alternatives, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/10/23/580\n");
3049		}
3050
3051# check for RCS/CVS revision markers
3052		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
3053			WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
3054			     "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
3055		}
3056
3057# Blackfin: don't use __builtin_bfin_[cs]sync
3058		if ($line =~ /__builtin_bfin_csync/) {
3059			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
3060			ERROR("CSYNC",
3061			      "use the CSYNC() macro in asm/blackfin.h\n" . $herevet);
3062		}
3063		if ($line =~ /__builtin_bfin_ssync/) {
3064			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
3065			ERROR("SSYNC",
3066			      "use the SSYNC() macro in asm/blackfin.h\n" . $herevet);
3067		}
3068
3069# check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
3070		if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
3071			WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
3072			     "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
3073		}
3074
3075# Check for potential 'bare' types
3076		my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
3077		    $realline_next);
3078#print "LINE<$line>\n";
3079		if ($linenr >= $suppress_statement &&
3080		    $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
3081			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3082				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3083			$stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3084			$cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3085
3086#print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
3087			# If this statement has no statement boundaries within
3088			# it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
3089			# until we hit end of it.
3090			my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
3091			if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
3092#print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
3093				$suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
3094			}
3095
3096			# Find the real next line.
3097			$realline_next = $line_nr_next;
3098			if (defined $realline_next &&
3099			    (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
3100			     substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
3101				$realline_next++;
3102			}
3103
3104			my $s = $stat;
3105			$s =~ s/{.*$//s;
3106
3107			# Ignore goto labels.
3108			if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
3109
3110			# Ignore functions being called
3111			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
3112
3113			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
3114
3115			# declarations always start with types
3116			} elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
3117				my $type = $1;
3118				$type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
3119				possible($type, "A:" . $s);
3120
3121			# definitions in global scope can only start with types
3122			} elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
3123				possible($1, "B:" . $s);
3124			}
3125
3126			# any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
3127			while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
3128				possible($1, "C:" . $s);
3129			}
3130
3131			# Check for any sort of function declaration.
3132			# int foo(something bar, other baz);
3133			# void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
3134			if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
3135				my ($name_len) = length($1);
3136
3137				my $ctx = $s;
3138				substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
3139				$ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
3140
3141				for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
3142					if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
3143
3144						possible($1, "D:" . $s);
3145					}
3146				}
3147			}
3148
3149		}
3150
3151#
3152# Checks which may be anchored in the context.
3153#
3154
3155# Check for switch () and associated case and default
3156# statements should be at the same indent.
3157		if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
3158			my $err = '';
3159			my $sep = '';
3160			my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
3161			shift(@ctx);
3162			for my $ctx (@ctx) {
3163				my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
3164				if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
3165							$indent != $cindent) {
3166					$err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
3167					$sep = '';
3168				} else {
3169					$sep = "[...]\n";
3170				}
3171			}
3172			if ($err ne '') {
3173				ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
3174				      "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
3175			}
3176		}
3177
3178# if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
3179# or if that brace on the next line is for something else
3180		if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
3181			my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
3182
3183			my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3184
3185			if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
3186				WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
3187				     "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
3188			}
3189
3190			my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
3191			my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
3192
3193			my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
3194			my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
3195
3196			while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
3197					defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
3198					$lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
3199				##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3200				$ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3201				$ctx_ln++;
3202			}
3203
3204			#print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3205			#print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
3206
3207			if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
3208				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3209				      "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
3210					"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3211			}
3212			if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
3213			    $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
3214			    defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
3215			{
3216				my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
3217				if ($nindent > $indent) {
3218					WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
3219					     "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
3220						"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3221				}
3222			}
3223		}
3224
3225# Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
3226		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
3227			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3228				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
3229					if (!defined $stat);
3230			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
3231
3232			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
3233
3234			# remove inline comments
3235			$s =~ s/$;/ /g;
3236			$c =~ s/$;/ /g;
3237
3238			# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
3239			my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
3240			my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
3241
3242			# Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
3243			# none on the first line, and are going to readd them
3244			# where necessary.
3245			$s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
3246			while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
3247				$cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
3248			}
3249
3250			# We want to check the first line inside the block
3251			# starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
3252			#  1) any blank line termination
3253			#  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
3254			#  3) any do (...) {
3255			my $continuation = 0;
3256			my $check = 0;
3257			$s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
3258			$s =~ s/^\s*{//;
3259			if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
3260				$continuation = 1;
3261			}
3262			if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
3263				$check = 1;
3264				$cond_lines++;
3265			}
3266
3267			# Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
3268			# preprocessor statement.
3269			if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
3270			    $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
3271				$check = 0;
3272			}
3273
3274			my $cond_ptr = -1;
3275			$continuation = 0;
3276			while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
3277				$cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
3278
3279				# If we see an #else/#elif then the code
3280				# is not linear.
3281				if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
3282					$check = 0;
3283				}
3284
3285				# Ignore:
3286				#  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
3287				#  2) preprocessor lines, and
3288				#  3) labels.
3289				if ($continuation ||
3290				    $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
3291				    $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
3292				    $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
3293					$continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
3294					if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
3295						$cond_lines++;
3296					}
3297				}
3298			}
3299
3300			my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
3301			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
3302
3303			# Check if either of these lines are modified, else
3304			# this is not this patch's fault.
3305			if (!defined($stat_real) ||
3306			    $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
3307				$check = 0;
3308			}
3309			if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
3310				$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
3311			}
3312
3313			#print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
3314
3315			if ($check && $s ne '' &&
3316			    (($sindent % 8) != 0 ||
3317			     ($sindent < $indent) ||
3318			     ($sindent > $indent + 8))) {
3319				WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
3320				     "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
3321			}
3322		}
3323
3324		# Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
3325		my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
3326		my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
3327				annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
3328		$curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
3329		if ($dbg_values) {
3330			my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
3331			print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
3332			print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
3333			print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
3334		}
3335		$prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
3336
3337#ignore lines not being added
3338		next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
3339
3340# check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
3341		while ($line =~ m{($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
3342			my $type = $1;
3343			my $var = $2;
3344			$var = "" if (!defined $var);
3345			if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
3346				my $sign = $1;
3347				my $pointer = $2;
3348
3349				$pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
3350
3351				if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
3352					 "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3353				    $fix) {
3354					my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
3355					my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
3356					$comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
3357					$decl .= $comp_pointer;
3358					$decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
3359					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
3360				}
3361			}
3362		}
3363
3364# TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
3365		if ($dbg_type) {
3366			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
3367				ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
3368				      "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
3369			} elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
3370				ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
3371				      "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3372			}
3373			next;
3374		}
3375# TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
3376		if ($dbg_attr) {
3377			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
3378				ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
3379				      "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
3380			} elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
3381				ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
3382				      "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3383			}
3384			next;
3385		}
3386
3387# check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
3388		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3389		    $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
3390			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3391				  "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3392			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3393				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3394				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3395				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
3396				$fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
3397				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3398				$fixedline = $line;
3399				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*){\s*/$1/;
3400				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3401			}
3402		}
3403
3404#
3405# Checks which are anchored on the added line.
3406#
3407
3408# check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
3409		if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
3410			my $path = $1;
3411			if ($path =~ m{//}) {
3412				ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
3413				      "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
3414			}
3415			if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
3416				ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
3417				      "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
3418			}
3419		}
3420
3421# no C99 // comments
3422		if ($line =~ m{//}) {
3423			if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
3424				  "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3425			    $fix) {
3426				my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
3427				if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
3428					my $comment = trim($1);
3429					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
3430				}
3431			}
3432		}
3433		# Remove C99 comments.
3434		$line =~ s@//.*@@;
3435		$opline =~ s@//.*@@;
3436
3437# EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
3438# the whole statement.
3439#print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
3440		if (defined $realline_next &&
3441		    exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
3442		    !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
3443		    ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3444		     $lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3445			# Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
3446			# a prefix:
3447			#   XXX(foo);
3448			#   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
3449			my $name = $1;
3450			if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
3451			    $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
3452#print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
3453				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3454
3455			} elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
3456				\n.}\s*$|
3457				^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3458				^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3459				^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
3460				^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
3461				\b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
3462			    )/x) {
3463#print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
3464				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
3465			} else {
3466				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3467			}
3468		}
3469		if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3470		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
3471		    ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3472		     $line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3473#print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
3474			$suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
3475		}
3476		if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3477		    $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
3478			WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
3479			     "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
3480		}
3481
3482# check for global initialisers.
3483		if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3484			if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
3485				  "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
3486			    $fix) {
3487				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3488			}
3489		}
3490# check for static initialisers.
3491		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3492			if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
3493				  "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
3494				      $herecurr) &&
3495			    $fix) {
3496				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3497			}
3498		}
3499
3500# check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
3501		while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
3502			my $tmp = trim($1);
3503			WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
3504			     "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
3505		}
3506
3507# check for static const char * arrays.
3508		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
3509			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3510			     "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
3511				$herecurr);
3512               }
3513
3514# check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
3515		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
3516			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3517			     "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
3518				$herecurr);
3519               }
3520
3521# check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
3522		if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
3523			my $found = $1;
3524			if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
3525				WARN("CONST_CONST",
3526				     "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
3527			} elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
3528				WARN("CONST_CONST",
3529				     "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
3530			}
3531		}
3532
3533# check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
3534		if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
3535			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3536			     "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
3537				$herecurr);
3538               }
3539
3540# check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
3541		if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
3542			my $array = $1;
3543			if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
3544				my $array_div = $1;
3545				if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
3546					 "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3547				    $fix) {
3548					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
3549				}
3550			}
3551		}
3552
3553# check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
3554		if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s+$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
3555			if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
3556				  "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3557			    $fix) {
3558				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
3559			}
3560		}
3561
3562# check for uses of DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE
3563		if ($line =~ /\bDEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)\s*=/) {
3564			if (WARN("DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE",
3565				 "Prefer struct pci_device_id over deprecated DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\n" . $herecurr) &&
3566			    $fix) {
3567				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(?:static\s+|)DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)\s*=\s*/static const struct pci_device_id $1\[\] = /;
3568			}
3569		}
3570
3571# check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
3572# make sense.
3573		if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
3574		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
3575		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
3576		    $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
3577		    $line !~ /\b__bitwise(?:__|)\b/) {
3578			WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
3579			     "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
3580		}
3581
3582# * goes on variable not on type
3583		# (char*[ const])
3584		while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
3585			#print "AA<$1>\n";
3586			my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
3587
3588			# Should start with a space.
3589			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
3590			# Should not end with a space.
3591			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
3592			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
3593			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
3594			}
3595
3596##			print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
3597			if ($from ne $to) {
3598				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
3599					  "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
3600				    $fix) {
3601					my $sub_from = $ident;
3602					my $sub_to = $ident;
3603					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
3604					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3605					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
3606				}
3607			}
3608		}
3609		while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
3610			#print "BB<$1>\n";
3611			my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
3612
3613			# Should start with a space.
3614			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
3615			# Should not end with a space.
3616			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
3617			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
3618			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
3619			}
3620			# Modifiers should have spaces.
3621			$to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
3622
3623##			print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
3624			if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
3625				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
3626					  "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
3627				    $fix) {
3628
3629					my $sub_from = $match;
3630					my $sub_to = $match;
3631					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
3632					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3633					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
3634				}
3635			}
3636		}
3637
3638# avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
3639		if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
3640			my $msg_type = \&WARN;
3641			$msg_type = \&CHK if ($file);
3642			&{$msg_type}("AVOID_BUG",
3643				     "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
3644		}
3645
3646# avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
3647		if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
3648			WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
3649			     "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
3650		}
3651
3652# check for uses of printk_ratelimit
3653		if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
3654			WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
3655			     "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
3656		}
3657
3658# printk should use KERN_* levels.  Note that follow on printk's on the
3659# same line do not need a level, so we use the current block context
3660# to try and find and validate the current printk.  In summary the current
3661# printk includes all preceding printk's which have no newline on the end.
3662# we assume the first bad printk is the one to report.
3663		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\((?!KERN_)\s*"/) {
3664			my $ok = 0;
3665			for (my $ln = $linenr - 1; $ln >= $first_line; $ln--) {
3666				#print "CHECK<$lines[$ln - 1]\n";
3667				# we have a preceding printk if it ends
3668				# with "\n" ignore it, else it is to blame
3669				if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ m{\bprintk\(}) {
3670					if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m{\\n"}) {
3671						$ok = 1;
3672					}
3673					last;
3674				}
3675			}
3676			if ($ok == 0) {
3677				WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
3678				     "printk() should include KERN_ facility level\n" . $herecurr);
3679			}
3680		}
3681
3682		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
3683			my $orig = $1;
3684			my $level = lc($orig);
3685			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
3686			my $level2 = $level;
3687			$level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
3688			WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
3689			     "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
3690		}
3691
3692		if ($line =~ /\bpr_warning\s*\(/) {
3693			if (WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
3694				 "Prefer pr_warn(... to pr_warning(...\n" . $herecurr) &&
3695			    $fix) {
3696				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3697				    s/\bpr_warning\b/pr_warn/;
3698			}
3699		}
3700
3701		if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
3702			my $orig = $1;
3703			my $level = lc($orig);
3704			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
3705			$level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
3706			WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
3707			     "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
3708		}
3709
3710# ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
3711# number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
3712# least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
3713		if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
3714			WARN("ENOSYS",
3715			     "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
3716		}
3717
3718# function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
3719# or if closed on same line
3720		if (($line=~/$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\).*\s*{/) and
3721		    !($line=~/\#\s*define.*do\s\{/) and !($line=~/}/)) {
3722			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3723				  "open brace '{' following function declarations go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
3724			    $fix) {
3725				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3726				my $fixed_line = $rawline;
3727				$fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*){(.*)$/;
3728				my $line1 = $1;
3729				my $line2 = $2;
3730				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
3731				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
3732				if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
3733					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
3734				}
3735			}
3736		}
3737
3738# open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
3739		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3740		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
3741			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3742				  "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3743			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3744				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3745				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3746				my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
3747				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3748				$fixedline = $rawline;
3749				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*){\s*/$1\t/;
3750				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
3751					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3752				}
3753			}
3754		}
3755
3756# missing space after union, struct or enum definition
3757		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
3758			if (WARN("SPACING",
3759				 "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
3760			    $fix) {
3761				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3762				    s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
3763			}
3764		}
3765
3766# Function pointer declarations
3767# check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
3768# canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
3769		if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
3770			my $declare = $1;
3771			my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
3772			my $post_pointer_space = $3;
3773			my $funcname = $4;
3774			my $post_funcname_space = $5;
3775			my $pre_args_space = $6;
3776
3777# the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
3778# so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
3779# don't need a space so don't warn for those.
3780			my $post_declare_space = "";
3781			if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
3782				$post_declare_space = $1;
3783				$declare = rtrim($declare);
3784			}
3785			if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
3786				WARN("SPACING",
3787				     "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
3788				$post_declare_space = " ";
3789			}
3790
3791# unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
3792# This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
3793# equivalent to
3794#	int  foo(int bar, ...)
3795# and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
3796#
3797#			elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
3798#				WARN("SPACING",
3799#				     "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
3800#			}
3801
3802# unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
3803			if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
3804			    $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
3805				WARN("SPACING",
3806				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
3807			}
3808
3809# unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
3810			if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
3811			    $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
3812				WARN("SPACING",
3813				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
3814			}
3815
3816# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
3817			if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
3818			    $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
3819				WARN("SPACING",
3820				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
3821			}
3822
3823# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
3824			if (defined $pre_args_space &&
3825			    $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
3826				WARN("SPACING",
3827				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
3828			}
3829
3830			if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
3831				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3832				    s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
3833			}
3834		}
3835
3836# check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
3837#  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
3838#  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
3839#  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
3840		while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
3841			my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
3842			if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
3843			    ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
3844			    $prefix !~ /[{,]\s+$/) {
3845				if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
3846					  "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
3847				    $fix) {
3848				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3849					s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
3850				}
3851			}
3852		}
3853
3854# check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
3855		while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
3856			my $name = $1;
3857			my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
3858			my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
3859
3860			# Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
3861			if ($name =~ /^(?:
3862				if|for|while|switch|return|case|
3863				volatile|__volatile__|
3864				__attribute__|format|__extension__|
3865				asm|__asm__)$/x)
3866			{
3867			# cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
3868			# if there is a space between the name and the open
3869			# parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
3870			} elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
3871
3872			# cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
3873			} elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
3874
3875			# If this whole things ends with a type its most
3876			# likely a typedef for a function.
3877			} elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
3878
3879			} else {
3880				if (WARN("SPACING",
3881					 "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
3882					     $fix) {
3883					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3884					    s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
3885				}
3886			}
3887		}
3888
3889# Check operator spacing.
3890		if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
3891			my $fixed_line = "";
3892			my $line_fixed = 0;
3893
3894			my $ops = qr{
3895				<<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
3896				\+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
3897				=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
3898				&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
3899				\?:|\?|:
3900			}x;
3901			my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
3902
3903##			print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
3904##			foreach my $el (@elements) {
3905##				print("el: <$el>\n");
3906##			}
3907
3908			my @fix_elements = ();
3909			my $off = 0;
3910
3911			foreach my $el (@elements) {
3912				push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
3913				$off += length($el);
3914			}
3915
3916			$off = 0;
3917
3918			my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
3919			my $last_after = -1;
3920
3921			for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
3922
3923				my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
3924
3925##				print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
3926
3927				$off += length($elements[$n]);
3928
3929				# Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
3930				my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
3931				my $cc = '';
3932				if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
3933					$cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
3934				}
3935				my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
3936
3937				my $a = '';
3938				$a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
3939				$a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
3940				$a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
3941				$a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
3942				$a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
3943				$a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
3944
3945				my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
3946
3947				my $c = '';
3948				if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
3949					$c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
3950					$c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
3951					$c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
3952					$c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
3953					$c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
3954					$c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
3955				} else {
3956					$c = 'E';
3957				}
3958
3959				my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
3960
3961				my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
3962
3963				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
3964				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3965
3966				# Pull out the value of this operator.
3967				my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
3968
3969				# Get the full operator variant.
3970				my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
3971
3972				# Ignore operators passed as parameters.
3973				if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
3974				    $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
3975
3976#				# Ignore comments
3977#				} elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
3978
3979				# ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
3980				} elsif ($op eq ';') {
3981					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
3982					    $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
3983						if (ERROR("SPACING",
3984							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3985							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3986							$line_fixed = 1;
3987						}
3988					}
3989
3990				# // is a comment
3991				} elsif ($op eq '//') {
3992
3993				#   :   when part of a bitfield
3994				} elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
3995					# skip the bitfield test for now
3996
3997				# No spaces for:
3998				#   ->
3999				} elsif ($op eq '->') {
4000					if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
4001						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4002							  "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4003							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4004							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4005								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4006							}
4007							$line_fixed = 1;
4008						}
4009					}
4010
4011				# , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
4012				} elsif ($op eq ',') {
4013					my $rtrim_before = 0;
4014					my $space_after = 0;
4015					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4016						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4017							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4018							$line_fixed = 1;
4019							$rtrim_before = 1;
4020						}
4021					}
4022					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
4023						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4024							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4025							$line_fixed = 1;
4026							$last_after = $n;
4027							$space_after = 1;
4028						}
4029					}
4030					if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
4031						if ($rtrim_before) {
4032							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4033						} else {
4034							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4035						}
4036						if ($space_after) {
4037							$good .= " ";
4038						}
4039					}
4040
4041				# '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
4042				} elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
4043					#warn "'*' is part of type\n";
4044
4045				# unary operators should have a space before and
4046				# none after.  May be left adjacent to another
4047				# unary operator, or a cast
4048				} elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
4049					 $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
4050					 $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
4051					if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
4052						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4053							  "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4054							if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
4055								$good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4056								$line_fixed = 1;
4057							}
4058						}
4059					}
4060					if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
4061						# A unary '*' may be const
4062
4063					} elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
4064						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4065							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4066							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4067							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4068								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4069							}
4070							$line_fixed = 1;
4071						}
4072					}
4073
4074				# unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
4075				} elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
4076					if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
4077						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4078							  "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4079							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4080							$line_fixed = 1;
4081						}
4082					}
4083					if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
4084					    ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
4085						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4086							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4087							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4088							$line_fixed = 1;
4089						}
4090					}
4091					if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
4092						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4093							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4094							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4095							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4096								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4097							}
4098							$line_fixed = 1;
4099						}
4100					}
4101
4102				# << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
4103				} elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
4104					 $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
4105					 $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
4106					 $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
4107					 $op eq '%')
4108				{
4109					if ($check) {
4110						if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
4111							if (CHK("SPACING",
4112								"spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4113								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4114								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4115								$line_fixed = 1;
4116							}
4117						} elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
4118							if (CHK("SPACING",
4119								"space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4120								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4121								$line_fixed = 1;
4122							}
4123						}
4124					} elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
4125						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4126							  "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4127							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4128							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4129								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4130							}
4131							$line_fixed = 1;
4132						}
4133					}
4134
4135				# A colon needs no spaces before when it is
4136				# terminating a case value or a label.
4137				} elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
4138					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4139						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4140							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4141							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4142							$line_fixed = 1;
4143						}
4144					}
4145
4146				# All the others need spaces both sides.
4147				} elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
4148					my $ok = 0;
4149
4150					# Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
4151					if (($op eq '<' &&
4152					     $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
4153					    ($op eq '>' &&
4154					     $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
4155					{
4156					    	$ok = 1;
4157					}
4158
4159					# for asm volatile statements
4160					# ignore a colon with another
4161					# colon immediately before or after
4162					if (($op eq ':') &&
4163					    ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
4164						$ok = 1;
4165					}
4166
4167					# messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
4168					if ($ok == 0) {
4169						my $msg_type = \&ERROR;
4170						$msg_type = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
4171
4172						if (&{$msg_type}("SPACING",
4173								 "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4174							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4175							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4176								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4177							}
4178							$line_fixed = 1;
4179						}
4180					}
4181				}
4182				$off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
4183
4184##				print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
4185
4186				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
4187			}
4188
4189			if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
4190				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
4191			}
4192
4193			if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
4194				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
4195			}
4196
4197
4198		}
4199
4200# check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
4201		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
4202			if (WARN("SPACING",
4203				 "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
4204			    $fix) {
4205				1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4206				    s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
4207			}
4208		}
4209
4210# check for multiple assignments
4211		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
4212			CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
4213			    "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4214		}
4215
4216## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
4217## # continuation.
4218## 		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
4219## 		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
4220##
4221## 			# Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
4222## 			# falsly report the parameters of functions.
4223## 			my $ln = $line;
4224## 			while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
4225## 			}
4226## 			if ($ln =~ /,/) {
4227## 				WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
4228##				     "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4229## 			}
4230## 		}
4231
4232#need space before brace following if, while, etc
4233		if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
4234		    $line =~ /do\{/) {
4235			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4236				  "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4237			    $fix) {
4238				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|\))){/$1 {/;
4239			}
4240		}
4241
4242## # check for blank lines before declarations
4243##		if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
4244##		    $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
4245##			WARN("SPACING",
4246##			     "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
4247##		}
4248##
4249
4250# closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
4251# on the line
4252		if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)))\S/) {
4253			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4254				  "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4255			    $fix) {
4256				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4257				    s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
4258			}
4259		}
4260
4261# check spacing on square brackets
4262		if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
4263			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4264				  "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4265			    $fix) {
4266				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4267				    s/\[\s+/\[/;
4268			}
4269		}
4270		if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
4271			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4272				  "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4273			    $fix) {
4274				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4275				    s/\s+\]/\]/;
4276			}
4277		}
4278
4279# check spacing on parentheses
4280		if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
4281		    $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
4282			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4283				  "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4284			    $fix) {
4285				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4286				    s/\(\s+/\(/;
4287			}
4288		}
4289		if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
4290		    $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
4291		    $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
4292			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4293				  "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4294			    $fix) {
4295				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4296				    s/\s+\)/\)/;
4297			}
4298		}
4299
4300# check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
4301# ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
4302
4303		while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
4304			my $var = $1;
4305			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4306				"Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4307			    $fix) {
4308				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
4309			}
4310		}
4311
4312# check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
4313# ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
4314# but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
4315		if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
4316			my $var = $2;
4317			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4318				"Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4319			    $fix) {
4320				my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
4321				$var2 =~ s/\s//g;
4322				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
4323			}
4324		}
4325
4326#goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
4327		if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
4328		   !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
4329			if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
4330				 "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
4331			    $fix) {
4332				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4333				    s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
4334			}
4335		}
4336
4337# return is not a function
4338		if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
4339			my $spacing = $1;
4340			if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4341			    $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
4342				my $value = $1;
4343				$value = deparenthesize($value);
4344				if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
4345					ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
4346					      "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
4347				}
4348			} elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
4349				ERROR("SPACING",
4350				      "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
4351			}
4352		}
4353
4354# unnecessary return in a void function
4355# at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
4356# and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
4357		if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
4358		    $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
4359		    $linenr >= 3 &&
4360		    $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
4361		    $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4362			WARN("RETURN_VOID",
4363			     "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
4364               }
4365
4366# if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
4367		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4368		    $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
4369			my $openparens = $1;
4370			my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
4371			my $msg = "";
4372			if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
4373				my $comp = $4;	#Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
4374				$msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
4375				WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4376				     "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
4377			}
4378		}
4379
4380# comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
4381#	avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
4382#	only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
4383#	conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
4384		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4385		    $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
4386			my $lead = $1;
4387			my $const = $2;
4388			my $comp = $3;
4389			my $to = $4;
4390			my $newcomp = $comp;
4391			if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
4392			    $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
4393			    WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
4394				 "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
4395			    $fix) {
4396				if ($comp eq "<") {
4397					$newcomp = ">";
4398				} elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
4399					$newcomp = ">=";
4400				} elsif ($comp eq ">") {
4401					$newcomp = "<";
4402				} elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
4403					$newcomp = "<=";
4404				}
4405				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
4406			}
4407		}
4408
4409# Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
4410		if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
4411			my $name = $1;
4412			if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
4413				WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
4414				     "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
4415			}
4416		}
4417
4418# Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
4419		if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
4420			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4421				  "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4422			    $fix) {
4423				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4424				    s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
4425			}
4426		}
4427
4428# Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
4429# statements after the conditional.
4430		if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
4431			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4432				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4433					if (!defined $stat);
4434			my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
4435						$remain_next, $off_next);
4436			$stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4437			##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
4438
4439			if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
4440				# If the statement carries leading newlines,
4441				# then count those as offsets.
4442				my ($whitespace) =
4443					($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
4444				my $offset =
4445					statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
4446
4447				$suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
4448								$offset} = 1;
4449			}
4450		}
4451		if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
4452		    defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
4453		    $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
4454			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4455
4456			if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
4457				ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
4458				      "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr);
4459			}
4460
4461			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4462			# conditional.
4463			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4464			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4465			$s =~ s/$;//g; 	# Remove any comments
4466			if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
4467			    $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
4468			{
4469				# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4470				my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4471				my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4472				my $stat_real = '';
4473
4474				$stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
4475							. "\n" if ($cond_lines);
4476				if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4477					$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4478				}
4479
4480				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4481				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
4482			}
4483		}
4484
4485# Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
4486		if ($line =~ /
4487			(?:
4488				(?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
4489				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4490				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
4491			|
4492				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
4493				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4494				(?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
4495			)/x)
4496		{
4497			WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
4498			     "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
4499		}
4500
4501# if and else should not have general statements after it
4502		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
4503			my $s = $1;
4504			$s =~ s/$;//g; 	# Remove any comments
4505			if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
4506				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4507				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4508			}
4509		}
4510# if should not continue a brace
4511		if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
4512			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4513			      "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
4514				$herecurr);
4515		}
4516# case and default should not have general statements after them
4517		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
4518		    $line !~ /\G(?:
4519			(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
4520			\s*return\s+
4521		    )/xg)
4522		{
4523			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4524			      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4525		}
4526
4527		# Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
4528		# indent level to be relevant to each other.
4529		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
4530		    $previndent == $indent) {
4531			if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
4532				  "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4533			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4534				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4535				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4536				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4537				$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
4538				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4539					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4540				}
4541				$fixedline = $rawline;
4542				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
4543				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4544			}
4545		}
4546
4547		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
4548		    $previndent == $indent) {
4549			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4550
4551			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4552			# conditional.
4553			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4554			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4555
4556			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
4557				if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
4558					  "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4559				    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4560					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4561					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4562					my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4563					my $trailing = $rawline;
4564					$trailing =~ s/^\+//;
4565					$trailing = trim($trailing);
4566					$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
4567					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4568				}
4569			}
4570		}
4571
4572#Specific variable tests
4573		while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
4574			my $var = $1;
4575
4576#gcc binary extension
4577			if ($var =~ /^$Binary$/) {
4578				if (WARN("GCC_BINARY_CONSTANT",
4579					 "Avoid gcc v4.3+ binary constant extension: <$var>\n" . $herecurr) &&
4580				    $fix) {
4581					my $hexval = sprintf("0x%x", oct($var));
4582					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4583					    s/\b$var\b/$hexval/;
4584				}
4585			}
4586
4587#CamelCase
4588			if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
4589			    $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
4590#Ignore Page<foo> variants
4591			    $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
4592#Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB (ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show)
4593			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z_]+)?$/ &&
4594#Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
4595			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
4596				while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
4597					my $word = $1;
4598					next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
4599					if ($check) {
4600						seed_camelcase_includes();
4601						if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
4602							seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
4603							$camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
4604						}
4605					}
4606					if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
4607						$camelcase{$word} = 1;
4608						CHK("CAMELCASE",
4609						    "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
4610					}
4611				}
4612			}
4613		}
4614
4615#no spaces allowed after \ in define
4616		if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
4617			if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
4618				 "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
4619			    $fix) {
4620				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
4621			}
4622		}
4623
4624# warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
4625# itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
4626		if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
4627			my $file = "$1.h";
4628			my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
4629			if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
4630			    $realfile ne $checkfile &&
4631			    $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
4632			{
4633				my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
4634				if ($asminclude > 0) {
4635					if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
4636						CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
4637						    "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
4638					} else {
4639						WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
4640						     "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
4641					}
4642				}
4643			}
4644		}
4645
4646# multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
4647# first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
4648# in a known good container
4649		if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
4650		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
4651			my $ln = $linenr;
4652			my $cnt = $realcnt;
4653			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
4654			my $ctx = '';
4655			my $has_flow_statement = 0;
4656			my $has_arg_concat = 0;
4657			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
4658				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4659			$ctx = $dstat;
4660			#print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
4661			#print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
4662
4663			$has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
4664			$has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
4665
4666			$dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(?:\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
4667			$dstat =~ s/$;//g;
4668			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
4669			$dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
4670			$dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
4671
4672			# Flatten any parentheses and braces
4673			while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1/ ||
4674			       $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1/ ||
4675			       $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1/)
4676			{
4677			}
4678
4679			# Flatten any obvious string concatentation.
4680			while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
4681			       $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
4682			{
4683			}
4684
4685			# Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
4686			$dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
4687
4688			my $exceptions = qr{
4689				$Declare|
4690				module_param_named|
4691				MODULE_PARM_DESC|
4692				DECLARE_PER_CPU|
4693				DEFINE_PER_CPU|
4694				__typeof__\(|
4695				union|
4696				struct|
4697				\.$Ident\s*=\s*|
4698				^\"|\"$|
4699				^\[
4700			}x;
4701			#print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
4702			if ($dstat ne '' &&
4703			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&			# 10, // foo(),
4704			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&			# foo();
4705			    $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&		# 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
4706			    $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&			# character constants
4707			    $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
4708			    $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&				# .foo =
4709			    $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&		# stringification #foo
4710			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&	# do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
4711			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&				# for (...)
4712			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&	# for (...) bar()
4713			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&					# do {...
4714			    $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&						# ({...
4715			    $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
4716			{
4717				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
4718				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4719				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4720
4721				for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4722					$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4723				}
4724
4725				if ($dstat =~ /;/) {
4726					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
4727					      "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
4728				} else {
4729					ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
4730					      "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
4731				}
4732			}
4733
4734# check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
4735# ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
4736			if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
4737				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4738				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4739
4740				for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4741					$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4742				}
4743				WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
4744				     "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
4745			}
4746
4747# check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
4748
4749		} else {
4750			if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
4751			    $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&		# preprocessor
4752			    $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&	# asm
4753			    $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
4754				WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
4755				     "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
4756			}
4757		}
4758
4759# do {} while (0) macro tests:
4760# single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
4761# macro should not end with a semicolon
4762		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4763		    $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
4764		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
4765			my $ln = $linenr;
4766			my $cnt = $realcnt;
4767			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
4768			my $ctx = '';
4769			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
4770				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4771			$ctx = $dstat;
4772
4773			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
4774			$dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
4775
4776			if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
4777				my $stmts = $2;
4778				my $semis = $3;
4779
4780				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
4781				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4782				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4783
4784				for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4785					$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4786				}
4787
4788				if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
4789				    $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
4790					WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
4791					     "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
4792				}
4793				if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
4794					WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4795					     "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
4796				}
4797			} elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
4798				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
4799				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4800				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4801
4802				for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4803					$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4804				}
4805
4806				WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4807				     "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
4808			}
4809		}
4810
4811# make sure symbols are always wrapped with VMLINUX_SYMBOL() ...
4812# all assignments may have only one of the following with an assignment:
4813#	.
4814#	ALIGN(...)
4815#	VMLINUX_SYMBOL(...)
4816		if ($realfile eq 'vmlinux.lds.h' && $line =~ /(?:(?:^|\s)$Ident\s*=|=\s*$Ident(?:\s|$))/) {
4817			WARN("MISSING_VMLINUX_SYMBOL",
4818			     "vmlinux.lds.h needs VMLINUX_SYMBOL() around C-visible symbols\n" . $herecurr);
4819		}
4820
4821# check for redundant bracing round if etc
4822		if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
4823			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
4824				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
4825			#print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
4826			#print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
4827			if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
4828				my @allowed = ();
4829				my $allow = 0;
4830				my $seen = 0;
4831				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4832				my $ln = $linenr - 1;
4833				for my $chunk (@chunks) {
4834					my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
4835
4836					# If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
4837					my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
4838					my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
4839
4840					$allowed[$allow] = 0;
4841					#print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
4842
4843					# We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
4844					$suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
4845
4846					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
4847					$ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
4848
4849					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
4850
4851					$seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
4852
4853					#print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
4854					if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
4855						#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
4856						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
4857					}
4858					if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
4859						#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
4860						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
4861					}
4862					if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
4863						#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
4864						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
4865					}
4866					$allow++;
4867				}
4868				if ($seen) {
4869					my $sum_allowed = 0;
4870					foreach (@allowed) {
4871						$sum_allowed += $_;
4872					}
4873					if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
4874						WARN("BRACES",
4875						     "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
4876					} elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
4877						 $seen != $allow) {
4878						CHK("BRACES",
4879						    "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
4880					}
4881				}
4882			}
4883		}
4884		if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
4885					$line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
4886			my $allowed = 0;
4887
4888			# Check the pre-context.
4889			if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
4890				#print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
4891				$allowed = 1;
4892			}
4893
4894			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
4895				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
4896
4897			# Check the condition.
4898			my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
4899			#print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
4900			if (defined $cond) {
4901				substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
4902			}
4903			if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
4904				#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
4905				$allowed = 1;
4906			}
4907			if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
4908				#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
4909				$allowed = 1;
4910			}
4911			if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
4912				#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
4913				$allowed = 1;
4914			}
4915			# Check the post-context.
4916			if (defined $chunks[1]) {
4917				my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
4918				if (defined $cond) {
4919					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
4920				}
4921				if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
4922					#print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
4923					$allowed = 1;
4924				}
4925			}
4926			if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
4927				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4928				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
4929
4930				for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4931					$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4932				}
4933
4934				WARN("BRACES",
4935				     "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
4936			}
4937		}
4938
4939# check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
4940		if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
4941			if (CHK("BRACES",
4942				"Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4943			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
4944				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4945			}
4946		}
4947		if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
4948			if (CHK("BRACES",
4949				"Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4950			    $fix) {
4951				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4952			}
4953		}
4954
4955# no volatiles please
4956		my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
4957		if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
4958			WARN("VOLATILE",
4959			     "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/volatile-considered-harmful.txt\n" . $herecurr);
4960		}
4961
4962# Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
4963# to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
4964# newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
4965# (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
4966		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
4967		    $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
4968		    $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
4969			if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
4970				 "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
4971				     $fix &&
4972				     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
4973				     $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
4974				my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
4975				my $comma_close = "";
4976				if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
4977					$comma_close = $1;
4978				}
4979
4980				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4981				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4982				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4983				$fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
4984				$fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
4985				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
4986				$fixedline = $rawline;
4987				$fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
4988				if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
4989					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4990				}
4991				$last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
4992			}
4993		}
4994
4995# check for missing a space in a string concatenation
4996		if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
4997			WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
4998			     "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
4999		}
5000
5001# check for spaces before a quoted newline
5002		if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
5003			if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
5004				 "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
5005			    $fix) {
5006				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
5007			}
5008
5009		}
5010
5011# concatenated string without spaces between elements
5012		if ($line =~ /$String[A-Z_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
5013			CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
5014			    "Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr);
5015		}
5016
5017# uncoalesced string fragments
5018		if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
5019			WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
5020			     "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr);
5021		}
5022
5023# check for %L{u,d,i} and 0x%[udi] in strings
5024		my $string;
5025		while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
5026			$string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
5027			$string =~ s/%%/__/g;
5028			if ($string =~ /(?<!%)%[\*\d\.\$]*L[udi]/) {
5029				WARN("PRINTF_L",
5030				     "\%Ld/%Lu are not-standard C, use %lld/%llu\n" . $herecurr);
5031				last;
5032			}
5033			if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[udi]/) {
5034				ERROR("PRINTF_0xDECIMAL",
5035				      "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
5036			}
5037		}
5038
5039# check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
5040		if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $rawline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
5041			WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5042			     "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
5043		}
5044
5045# warn about #if 0
5046		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
5047			CHK("REDUNDANT_CODE",
5048			    "if this code is redundant consider removing it\n" .
5049				$herecurr);
5050		}
5051
5052# check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
5053		if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
5054			my $tested = quotemeta($1);
5055			my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
5056			if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
5057				my $func = $1;
5058				if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
5059					 "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
5060				    $fix) {
5061					my $do_fix = 1;
5062					my $leading_tabs = "";
5063					my $new_leading_tabs = "";
5064					if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
5065						$leading_tabs = $1;
5066					} else {
5067						$do_fix = 0;
5068					}
5069					if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5070						$new_leading_tabs = $1;
5071						if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
5072							$do_fix = 0;
5073						}
5074					} else {
5075						$do_fix = 0;
5076					}
5077					if ($do_fix) {
5078						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5079						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
5080					}
5081				}
5082			}
5083		}
5084
5085# check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
5086		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
5087		    $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
5088		    (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
5089		    $linenr > 3) {
5090			my $testval = $2;
5091			my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
5092
5093			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
5094#			print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
5095
5096			if ($c =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*(?:devm_)?(?:[kv][czm]alloc(?:_node|_array)?\b|kstrdup|(?:dev_)?alloc_skb)/) {
5097				WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
5098				     "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
5099			}
5100		}
5101
5102# check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
5103		if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
5104		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
5105			my $level = $1;
5106			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
5107				 "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
5108			    $fix) {
5109				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
5110			}
5111		}
5112
5113# check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
5114		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5115		    $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
5116		    $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
5117			WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
5118			     "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
5119		}
5120
5121# check for pointer comparisons to NULL
5122		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0) {
5123			while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
5124				my $val = $1;
5125				my $equal = "!";
5126				$equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
5127				if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
5128					"Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
5129					    $fix) {
5130					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
5131				}
5132			}
5133		}
5134
5135# check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
5136		if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
5137			my $attr = $1;
5138			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
5139				my $ptr = $1;
5140				my $var = $2;
5141				if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5142				      ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
5143					    "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
5144				     ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5145				      WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
5146					   "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
5147				    $fix) {
5148					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
5149				}
5150			}
5151		}
5152
5153# check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
5154		if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
5155			my $attr = $1;
5156			$attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
5157			my $attr_prefix = $1;
5158			my $attr_type = $2;
5159			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5160				  "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
5161			    $fix) {
5162				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5163				    s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
5164			}
5165		}
5166
5167# check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
5168		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
5169			my $attr = $1;
5170			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5171				  "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
5172			    $fix) {
5173				my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5174				    /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
5175				$lead = rtrim($1);
5176				$lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
5177				$lead = "${lead}const ";
5178				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
5179			}
5180		}
5181
5182# check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
5183		if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
5184		    $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
5185			if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
5186				  "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
5187			    $fix) {
5188				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
5189			}
5190		}
5191
5192# don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
5193		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
5194		    $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
5195			my $constant_func = $1;
5196			my $func = $constant_func;
5197			$func =~ s/^__constant_//;
5198			if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
5199				 "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
5200			    $fix) {
5201				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
5202			}
5203		}
5204
5205# prefer usleep_range over udelay
5206		if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
5207			my $delay = $1;
5208			# ignore udelay's < 10, however
5209			if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
5210				CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
5211				    "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5212			}
5213			if ($delay > 2000) {
5214				WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
5215				     "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
5216			}
5217		}
5218
5219# warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
5220		if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
5221			if ($1 < 20) {
5222				WARN("MSLEEP",
5223				     "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5224			}
5225		}
5226
5227# check for comparisons of jiffies
5228		if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
5229			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5230			     "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5231		}
5232
5233# check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
5234		if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
5235			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5236			     "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5237		}
5238
5239# warn about #ifdefs in C files
5240#		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
5241#			print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
5242#			print "$herecurr";
5243#			$clean = 0;
5244#		}
5245
5246# warn about spacing in #ifdefs
5247		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
5248			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5249				  "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5250			    $fix) {
5251				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5252				    s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
5253			}
5254
5255		}
5256
5257# check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
5258		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
5259		    $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
5260			my $which = $1;
5261			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5262				CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
5263				    "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5264			}
5265		}
5266# check for memory barriers without a comment.
5267
5268		my $barriers = qr{
5269			mb|
5270			rmb|
5271			wmb|
5272			read_barrier_depends
5273		}x;
5274		my $barrier_stems = qr{
5275			mb__before_atomic|
5276			mb__after_atomic|
5277			store_release|
5278			load_acquire|
5279			store_mb|
5280			(?:$barriers)
5281		}x;
5282		my $all_barriers = qr{
5283			(?:$barriers)|
5284			smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
5285			virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
5286		}x;
5287
5288		if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5289			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5290				WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5291				     "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5292			}
5293		}
5294
5295		my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
5296
5297		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
5298		    $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
5299		    $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
5300		    $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5301			WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5302			     "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
5303		}
5304
5305# check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
5306		if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
5307			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5308				WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
5309				     "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5310			}
5311		}
5312
5313# Check for expedited grace periods that interrupt non-idle non-nohz
5314# online CPUs.  These expedited can therefore degrade real-time response
5315# if used carelessly, and should be avoided where not absolutely
5316# needed.  It is always OK to use synchronize_rcu_expedited() and
5317# synchronize_sched_expedited() at boot time (before real-time applications
5318# start) and in error situations where real-time response is compromised in
5319# any case.  Note that synchronize_srcu_expedited() does -not- interrupt
5320# other CPUs, so don't warn on uses of synchronize_srcu_expedited().
5321# Of course, nothing comes for free, and srcu_read_lock() and
5322# srcu_read_unlock() do contain full memory barriers in payment for
5323# synchronize_srcu_expedited() non-interruption properties.
5324		if ($line =~ /\b(synchronize_rcu_expedited|synchronize_sched_expedited)\(/) {
5325			WARN("EXPEDITED_RCU_GRACE_PERIOD",
5326			     "expedited RCU grace periods should be avoided where they can degrade real-time response\n" . $herecurr);
5327
5328		}
5329
5330# check of hardware specific defines
5331		if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
5332			CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
5333			    "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
5334		}
5335
5336# Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
5337		if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ && $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage\b/) {
5338			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5339			     "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr)
5340		}
5341
5342# check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
5343# storage class and type.
5344		if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
5345		    $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
5346			ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
5347			      "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
5348		}
5349
5350# Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
5351		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5352		    $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
5353			if (WARN("INLINE",
5354				 "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5355			    $fix) {
5356				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
5357
5358			}
5359		}
5360
5361# Check for __attribute__ packed, prefer __packed
5362		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5363		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bpacked\b/) {
5364			WARN("PREFER_PACKED",
5365			     "__packed is preferred over __attribute__((packed))\n" . $herecurr);
5366		}
5367
5368# Check for __attribute__ aligned, prefer __aligned
5369		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5370		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*aligned/) {
5371			WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED",
5372			     "__aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))\n" . $herecurr);
5373		}
5374
5375# Check for __attribute__ format(printf, prefer __printf
5376		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5377		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) {
5378			if (WARN("PREFER_PRINTF",
5379				 "__printf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(printf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5380			    $fix) {
5381				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__printf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5382
5383			}
5384		}
5385
5386# Check for __attribute__ format(scanf, prefer __scanf
5387		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5388		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\b/) {
5389			if (WARN("PREFER_SCANF",
5390				 "__scanf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(scanf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5391			    $fix) {
5392				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__scanf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5393			}
5394		}
5395
5396# Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
5397		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5398		    $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
5399		    ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
5400		     $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
5401			ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
5402			      "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
5403		}
5404
5405# check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/
5406		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5407		    $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
5408			my $type = $1;
5409			if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
5410				$type = $1;
5411				my $kernel_type = 'u';
5412				$kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
5413				$type =~ /(\d+)/;
5414				$kernel_type .= $1;
5415				if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
5416					"Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5417				    $fix) {
5418					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
5419				}
5420			}
5421		}
5422
5423# check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
5424		if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
5425			my $cast = $1;
5426			my $const = $2;
5427			if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
5428				 "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant\n" . $herecurr) &&
5429			    $fix) {
5430				my $suffix = "";
5431				my $newconst = $const;
5432				$newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
5433				$suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
5434				if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
5435					$suffix .= 'LL';
5436				} elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
5437					$suffix .= 'L';
5438				}
5439				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
5440			}
5441		}
5442
5443# check for sizeof(&)
5444		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
5445			WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
5446			     "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5447		}
5448
5449# check for sizeof without parenthesis
5450		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
5451			if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
5452				 "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
5453			    $fix) {
5454				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5455			}
5456		}
5457
5458# check for struct spinlock declarations
5459		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
5460			WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
5461			     "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
5462		}
5463
5464# check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
5465		if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5466			my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5467			$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
5468			if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
5469				if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
5470					 "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
5471				    $fix) {
5472					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
5473				}
5474			}
5475		}
5476
5477# Check for misused memsets
5478		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5479		    defined $stat &&
5480		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
5481
5482			my $ms_addr = $2;
5483			my $ms_val = $7;
5484			my $ms_size = $12;
5485
5486			if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
5487				ERROR("MEMSET",
5488				      "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5489			} elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
5490				WARN("MEMSET",
5491				     "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5492			}
5493		}
5494
5495# Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
5496		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5497		    defined $stat &&
5498		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5499			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
5500				 "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5501			    $fix) {
5502				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
5503			}
5504		}
5505
5506# Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
5507		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5508		    defined $stat &&
5509		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5510			WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
5511			     "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
5512		}
5513
5514# check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
5515# check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
5516		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5517		    defined $stat &&
5518		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5519
5520			my $ms_val = $7;
5521
5522			if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
5523				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
5524					 "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5525				    $fix) {
5526					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
5527				}
5528			} elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
5529				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
5530					 "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5531				    $fix) {
5532					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
5533				}
5534			}
5535		}
5536
5537# typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
5538		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5539		    defined $stat &&
5540		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
5541			if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
5542				my $call = $1;
5543				my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
5544				my $arg1 = $3;
5545				my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
5546				my $arg2 = $8;
5547				my $cast;
5548
5549				if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
5550					$cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
5551				} elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
5552					$cast = $cast1;
5553				} else {
5554					$cast = $cast2;
5555				}
5556				WARN("MINMAX",
5557				     "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5558			}
5559		}
5560
5561# check usleep_range arguments
5562		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5563		    defined $stat &&
5564		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
5565			my $min = $1;
5566			my $max = $7;
5567			if ($min eq $max) {
5568				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
5569				     "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5570			} elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
5571				 $min > $max) {
5572				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
5573				     "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5574			}
5575		}
5576
5577# check for naked sscanf
5578		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5579		    defined $stat &&
5580		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
5581		    ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
5582		     $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
5583		     $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
5584			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
5585			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
5586			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
5587		        for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
5588				$stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
5589			}
5590			WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
5591			     "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5592		}
5593
5594# check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
5595		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5596		    defined $stat &&
5597		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
5598			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
5599			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
5600			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
5601		        for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
5602				$stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
5603			}
5604			if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
5605				my $format = $6;
5606				my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
5607				if ($count == 1 &&
5608				    $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
5609					WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
5610					     "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5611				}
5612			}
5613		}
5614
5615# check for new externs in .h files.
5616		if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
5617		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
5618			if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
5619				"extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
5620			    $fix) {
5621				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
5622			}
5623		}
5624
5625# check for new externs in .c files.
5626		if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
5627		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
5628		{
5629			my $function_name = $1;
5630			my $paren_space = $2;
5631
5632			my $s = $stat;
5633			if (defined $cond) {
5634				substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
5635			}
5636			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/ &&
5637			    $function_name ne 'uninitialized_var')
5638			{
5639				WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
5640				     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
5641			}
5642
5643			if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
5644				WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
5645				     "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
5646			}
5647
5648		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
5649		    $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
5650		{
5651			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
5652			     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
5653		}
5654
5655# checks for new __setup's
5656		if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
5657			my $name = $1;
5658
5659			if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
5660				CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
5661				    "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5662			}
5663		}
5664
5665# check for pointless casting of kmalloc return
5666		if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*[kv][czm]alloc(_node){0,1}\b/) {
5667			WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
5668			     "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
5669		}
5670
5671# alloc style
5672# p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
5673		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5674		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*([kv][mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
5675			CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
5676			    "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
5677		}
5678
5679# check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
5680		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5681		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
5682			my $oldfunc = $3;
5683			my $a1 = $4;
5684			my $a2 = $10;
5685			my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
5686			$newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
5687			my $r1 = $a1;
5688			my $r2 = $a2;
5689			if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
5690				$r1 = $a2;
5691				$r2 = $a1;
5692			}
5693			if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
5694			    !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
5695				if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
5696					 "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herecurr) &&
5697				    $fix) {
5698					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
5699
5700				}
5701			}
5702		}
5703
5704# check for krealloc arg reuse
5705		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5706		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*\1\s*,/) {
5707			WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
5708			     "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
5709		}
5710
5711# check for alloc argument mismatch
5712		if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
5713			WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
5714			     "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
5715		}
5716
5717# check for multiple semicolons
5718		if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
5719			if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
5720				 "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5721			    $fix) {
5722				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
5723			}
5724		}
5725
5726# check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit)
5727		if ($line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
5728			my $ull = "";
5729			$ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
5730			if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
5731				"Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
5732			    $fix) {
5733				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
5734			}
5735		}
5736
5737# check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
5738		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(CONFIG_[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
5739			my $config = $1;
5740			if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
5741				 "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to CONFIG_<FOO> || CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
5742			    $fix) {
5743				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
5744			}
5745		}
5746
5747# check for case / default statements not preceded by break/fallthrough/switch
5748		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)\s*|default):/) {
5749			my $has_break = 0;
5750			my $has_statement = 0;
5751			my $count = 0;
5752			my $prevline = $linenr;
5753			while ($prevline > 1 && ($file || $count < 3) && !$has_break) {
5754				$prevline--;
5755				my $rline = $rawlines[$prevline - 1];
5756				my $fline = $lines[$prevline - 1];
5757				last if ($fline =~ /^\@\@/);
5758				next if ($fline =~ /^\-/);
5759				next if ($fline =~ /^.(?:\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)[\s$;]*|default):[\s$;]*)*$/);
5760				$has_break = 1 if ($rline =~ /fall[\s_-]*(through|thru)/i);
5761				next if ($fline =~ /^.[\s$;]*$/);
5762				$has_statement = 1;
5763				$count++;
5764				$has_break = 1 if ($fline =~ /\bswitch\b|\b(?:break\s*;[\s$;]*$|return\b|goto\b|continue\b)/);
5765			}
5766			if (!$has_break && $has_statement) {
5767				WARN("MISSING_BREAK",
5768				     "Possible switch case/default not preceeded by break or fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
5769			}
5770		}
5771
5772# check for switch/default statements without a break;
5773		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5774		    defined $stat &&
5775		    $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
5776			my $ctx = '';
5777			my $herectx = $here . "\n";
5778			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5779			for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5780				$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
5781			}
5782			WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
5783			     "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
5784		}
5785
5786# check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
5787		if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
5788			if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
5789				 "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
5790			    $fix) {
5791				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
5792			}
5793		}
5794
5795# check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
5796		while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
5797			ERROR("DATE_TIME",
5798			      "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
5799		}
5800
5801# check for use of yield()
5802		if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
5803			WARN("YIELD",
5804			     "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
5805		}
5806
5807# check for comparisons against true and false
5808		if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
5809			my $lead = $1;
5810			my $arg = $2;
5811			my $test = $3;
5812			my $otype = $4;
5813			my $trail = $5;
5814			my $op = "!";
5815
5816			($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
5817
5818			my $type = lc($otype);
5819			if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
5820				if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
5821				    ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
5822					$op = "";
5823				}
5824
5825				CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
5826				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
5827
5828## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
5829##				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
5830
5831			}
5832		}
5833
5834# check for semaphores initialized locked
5835		if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
5836			WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
5837			     "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
5838		}
5839
5840# recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
5841		if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
5842			WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
5843			     "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
5844		}
5845
5846# check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
5847		if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
5848			WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
5849			     "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
5850		}
5851
5852# check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
5853		my $const_structs = qr{
5854				acpi_dock_ops|
5855				address_space_operations|
5856				backlight_ops|
5857				block_device_operations|
5858				dentry_operations|
5859				dev_pm_ops|
5860				dma_map_ops|
5861				extent_io_ops|
5862				file_lock_operations|
5863				file_operations|
5864				hv_ops|
5865				ide_dma_ops|
5866				intel_dvo_dev_ops|
5867				item_operations|
5868				iwl_ops|
5869				kgdb_arch|
5870				kgdb_io|
5871				kset_uevent_ops|
5872				lock_manager_operations|
5873				microcode_ops|
5874				mtrr_ops|
5875				neigh_ops|
5876				nlmsvc_binding|
5877				of_device_id|
5878				pci_raw_ops|
5879				pipe_buf_operations|
5880				platform_hibernation_ops|
5881				platform_suspend_ops|
5882				proto_ops|
5883				rpc_pipe_ops|
5884				seq_operations|
5885				snd_ac97_build_ops|
5886				soc_pcmcia_socket_ops|
5887				stacktrace_ops|
5888				sysfs_ops|
5889				tty_operations|
5890				uart_ops|
5891				usb_mon_operations|
5892				wd_ops}x;
5893		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
5894		    $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b/) {
5895			WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
5896			     "struct $1 should normally be const\n" .
5897				$herecurr);
5898		}
5899
5900# use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
5901# ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
5902		if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
5903		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
5904		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
5905		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
5906		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
5907		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
5908		{
5909			WARN("NR_CPUS",
5910			     "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
5911		}
5912
5913# Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
5914		if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
5915			ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
5916			      "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
5917		}
5918
5919# likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
5920		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5921		    $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
5922			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
5923			     "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
5924		}
5925
5926# whine mightly about in_atomic
5927		if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
5928			if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
5929				ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
5930				      "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
5931			} elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
5932				WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
5933				     "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
5934			}
5935		}
5936
5937# whine about ACCESS_ONCE
5938		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5939		    $line =~ /\bACCESS_ONCE\s*$balanced_parens\s*(=(?!=))?\s*($FuncArg)?/) {
5940			my $par = $1;
5941			my $eq = $2;
5942			my $fun = $3;
5943			$par =~ s/^\(\s*(.*)\s*\)$/$1/;
5944			if (defined($eq)) {
5945				if (WARN("PREFER_WRITE_ONCE",
5946					 "Prefer WRITE_ONCE(<FOO>, <BAR>) over ACCESS_ONCE(<FOO>) = <BAR>\n" . $herecurr) &&
5947				    $fix) {
5948					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bACCESS_ONCE\s*\(\s*\Q$par\E\s*\)\s*$eq\s*\Q$fun\E/WRITE_ONCE($par, $fun)/;
5949				}
5950			} else {
5951				if (WARN("PREFER_READ_ONCE",
5952					 "Prefer READ_ONCE(<FOO>) over ACCESS_ONCE(<FOO>)\n" . $herecurr) &&
5953				    $fix) {
5954					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bACCESS_ONCE\s*\(\s*\Q$par\E\s*\)/READ_ONCE($par)/;
5955				}
5956			}
5957		}
5958
5959# check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
5960		if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
5961		    $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
5962			if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
5963			    $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
5964			    $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
5965				ERROR("LOCKDEP",
5966				      "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
5967			}
5968		}
5969
5970		if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
5971		    $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
5972			WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
5973			     "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
5974		}
5975
5976# Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
5977# This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
5978		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5979		    $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
5980			foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
5981				my $func = $entry->[0];
5982				my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
5983
5984				my $skip_args = "";
5985				if ($arg_pos > 1) {
5986					$arg_pos--;
5987					$skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
5988				}
5989				my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}([\\d]+)\\s*[,\\)]";
5990				if ($line =~ /$test/) {
5991					my $val = $1;
5992					$val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
5993
5994					if ($val !~ /^0$/ &&
5995					    (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
5996					     length($val) ne 4)) {
5997						ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
5998						      "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . $herecurr);
5999					} elsif ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
6000						ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
6001						      "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
6002					}
6003				}
6004			}
6005		}
6006
6007# validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
6008		if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
6009			my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6010			my $valid_licenses = qr{
6011						GPL|
6012						GPL\ v2|
6013						GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
6014						Dual\ BSD/GPL|
6015						Dual\ MIT/GPL|
6016						Dual\ MPL/GPL|
6017						Proprietary
6018					}x;
6019			if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
6020				WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
6021				     "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
6022			}
6023		}
6024	}
6025
6026	# If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
6027	# so just keep quiet.
6028	if ($#rawlines == -1) {
6029		exit(0);
6030	}
6031
6032	# In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
6033	# things that appear to be patches.
6034	if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
6035		exit(0);
6036	}
6037
6038	# This is not a patch, and we are are in 'no-patch' mode so
6039	# just keep quiet.
6040	if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
6041		exit(0);
6042	}
6043
6044	if (!$is_patch && $file !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
6045		ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
6046		      "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
6047	}
6048	if ($is_patch && $filename ne '-' && $chk_signoff && $signoff == 0) {
6049		ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
6050		      "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
6051	}
6052
6053	print report_dump();
6054	if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
6055		print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
6056		print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
6057			(($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
6058			"$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
6059	}
6060
6061	if ($quiet == 0) {
6062		# If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
6063		if (!$clean and !$fix) {
6064			print << "EOM"
6065
6066NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
6067      mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
6068EOM
6069		}
6070		# If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
6071		# then suggest that.
6072		if ($rpt_cleaners) {
6073			$rpt_cleaners = 0;
6074			print << "EOM"
6075
6076NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
6077      You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
6078EOM
6079		}
6080	}
6081
6082	if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
6083	    ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
6084	     $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
6085		my $newfile = $filename;
6086		$newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
6087		my $linecount = 0;
6088		my $f;
6089
6090		@fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
6091
6092		open($f, '>', $newfile)
6093		    or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
6094		foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
6095			$linecount++;
6096			if ($file) {
6097				if ($linecount > 3) {
6098					$fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
6099					print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6100				}
6101			} else {
6102				print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6103			}
6104		}
6105		close($f);
6106
6107		if (!$quiet) {
6108			print << "EOM";
6109
6110Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
6111
6112Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
6113Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
6114
6115This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
6116No warranties, expressed or implied...
6117EOM
6118		}
6119	}
6120
6121	if ($quiet == 0) {
6122		print "\n";
6123		if ($clean == 1) {
6124			print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
6125		} else {
6126			print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
6127		}
6128	}
6129	return $clean;
6130}
6131