1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2017 Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com>
3  *
4  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
6  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
7  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
12  * GNU General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15  * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16  */
17 
18 /*
19  * livepatch-callbacks-demo.c - (un)patching callbacks livepatch demo
20  *
21  *
22  * Purpose
23  * -------
24  *
25  * Demonstration of registering livepatch (un)patching callbacks.
26  *
27  *
28  * Usage
29  * -----
30  *
31  * Step 1 - load the simple module
32  *
33  *   insmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-mod.ko
34  *
35  *
36  * Step 2 - load the demonstration livepatch (with callbacks)
37  *
38  *   insmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-demo.ko
39  *
40  *
41  * Step 3 - cleanup
42  *
43  *   echo 0 > /sys/kernel/livepatch/livepatch_callbacks_demo/enabled
44  *   rmmod livepatch_callbacks_demo
45  *   rmmod livepatch_callbacks_mod
46  *
47  * Watch dmesg output to see livepatch enablement, callback execution
48  * and patching operations for both vmlinux and module targets.
49  *
50  * NOTE: swap the insmod order of livepatch-callbacks-mod.ko and
51  *       livepatch-callbacks-demo.ko to observe what happens when a
52  *       target module is loaded after a livepatch with callbacks.
53  *
54  * NOTE: 'pre_patch_ret' is a module parameter that sets the pre-patch
55  *       callback return status.  Try setting up a non-zero status
56  *       such as -19 (-ENODEV):
57  *
58  *       # Load demo livepatch, vmlinux is patched
59  *       insmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-demo.ko
60  *
61  *       # Setup next pre-patch callback to return -ENODEV
62  *       echo -19 > /sys/module/livepatch_callbacks_demo/parameters/pre_patch_ret
63  *
64  *       # Module loader refuses to load the target module
65  *       insmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-mod.ko
66  *       insmod: ERROR: could not insert module samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-mod.ko: No such device
67  *
68  * NOTE: There is a second target module,
69  *       livepatch-callbacks-busymod.ko, available for experimenting
70  *       with livepatch (un)patch callbacks.  This module contains
71  *       a 'sleep_secs' parameter that parks the module on one of the
72  *       functions that the livepatch demo module wants to patch.
73  *       Modifying this value and tweaking the order of module loads can
74  *       effectively demonstrate stalled patch transitions:
75  *
76  *       # Load a target module, let it park on 'busymod_work_func' for
77  *       # thirty seconds
78  *       insmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-busymod.ko sleep_secs=30
79  *
80  *       # Meanwhile load the livepatch
81  *       insmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-demo.ko
82  *
83  *       # ... then load and unload another target module while the
84  *       # transition is in progress
85  *       insmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-mod.ko
86  *       rmmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-mod.ko
87  *
88  *       # Finally cleanup
89  *       echo 0 > /sys/kernel/livepatch/livepatch_callbacks_demo/enabled
90  *       rmmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-callbacks-demo.ko
91  */
92 
93 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
94 
95 #include <linux/module.h>
96 #include <linux/kernel.h>
97 #include <linux/livepatch.h>
98 
99 static int pre_patch_ret;
100 module_param(pre_patch_ret, int, 0644);
101 MODULE_PARM_DESC(pre_patch_ret, "pre_patch_ret (default=0)");
102 
103 static const char *const module_state[] = {
104 	[MODULE_STATE_LIVE]	= "[MODULE_STATE_LIVE] Normal state",
105 	[MODULE_STATE_COMING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_COMING] Full formed, running module_init",
106 	[MODULE_STATE_GOING]	= "[MODULE_STATE_GOING] Going away",
107 	[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED]	= "[MODULE_STATE_UNFORMED] Still setting it up",
108 };
109 
110 static void callback_info(const char *callback, struct klp_object *obj)
111 {
112 	if (obj->mod)
113 		pr_info("%s: %s -> %s\n", callback, obj->mod->name,
114 			module_state[obj->mod->state]);
115 	else
116 		pr_info("%s: vmlinux\n", callback);
117 }
118 
119 /* Executed on object patching (ie, patch enablement) */
120 static int pre_patch_callback(struct klp_object *obj)
121 {
122 	callback_info(__func__, obj);
123 	return pre_patch_ret;
124 }
125 
126 /* Executed on object unpatching (ie, patch disablement) */
127 static void post_patch_callback(struct klp_object *obj)
128 {
129 	callback_info(__func__, obj);
130 }
131 
132 /* Executed on object unpatching (ie, patch disablement) */
133 static void pre_unpatch_callback(struct klp_object *obj)
134 {
135 	callback_info(__func__, obj);
136 }
137 
138 /* Executed on object unpatching (ie, patch disablement) */
139 static void post_unpatch_callback(struct klp_object *obj)
140 {
141 	callback_info(__func__, obj);
142 }
143 
144 static void patched_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
145 {
146 	pr_info("%s\n", __func__);
147 }
148 
149 static struct klp_func no_funcs[] = {
150 	{ }
151 };
152 
153 static struct klp_func busymod_funcs[] = {
154 	{
155 		.old_name = "busymod_work_func",
156 		.new_func = patched_work_func,
157 	}, { }
158 };
159 
160 static struct klp_object objs[] = {
161 	{
162 		.name = NULL,	/* vmlinux */
163 		.funcs = no_funcs,
164 		.callbacks = {
165 			.pre_patch = pre_patch_callback,
166 			.post_patch = post_patch_callback,
167 			.pre_unpatch = pre_unpatch_callback,
168 			.post_unpatch = post_unpatch_callback,
169 		},
170 	},	{
171 		.name = "livepatch_callbacks_mod",
172 		.funcs = no_funcs,
173 		.callbacks = {
174 			.pre_patch = pre_patch_callback,
175 			.post_patch = post_patch_callback,
176 			.pre_unpatch = pre_unpatch_callback,
177 			.post_unpatch = post_unpatch_callback,
178 		},
179 	},	{
180 		.name = "livepatch_callbacks_busymod",
181 		.funcs = busymod_funcs,
182 		.callbacks = {
183 			.pre_patch = pre_patch_callback,
184 			.post_patch = post_patch_callback,
185 			.pre_unpatch = pre_unpatch_callback,
186 			.post_unpatch = post_unpatch_callback,
187 		},
188 	}, { }
189 };
190 
191 static struct klp_patch patch = {
192 	.mod = THIS_MODULE,
193 	.objs = objs,
194 };
195 
196 static int livepatch_callbacks_demo_init(void)
197 {
198 	int ret;
199 
200 	ret = klp_register_patch(&patch);
201 	if (ret)
202 		return ret;
203 	ret = klp_enable_patch(&patch);
204 	if (ret) {
205 		WARN_ON(klp_unregister_patch(&patch));
206 		return ret;
207 	}
208 	return 0;
209 }
210 
211 static void livepatch_callbacks_demo_exit(void)
212 {
213 	WARN_ON(klp_unregister_patch(&patch));
214 }
215 
216 module_init(livepatch_callbacks_demo_init);
217 module_exit(livepatch_callbacks_demo_exit);
218 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
219 MODULE_INFO(livepatch, "Y");
220